B1U3知识清单

B1U3知识清单
一．词性转换
1. basis n.基础;原因;基准→ base ut.根据;以………为基础→ basic adj，基本的
2. respect vt.尊重，尊敬n.尊敬，敬意;重视respectful adj.表示敬意的→
respectable adj，体面的
3. measure vt.估量，判定;衡量n措施;衡量→measurement n.衡量
4.. reflection n.沉思;反射;映像;反映→ reflect vi.反思;反射
5. benefit n.优势，益处，成效.使受益.得益于→ beneficial adj.有好处的
6. comfort.vt宽慰，抚慰n、舒服;安慰→comfortable ad j.舒服的→uncomfortable adj.不舒服的,不安逸的→discomfort n.不舒服;不安→comfortably ad v.安逸地
7.joy n.高兴,愉快;令人高兴的人(或事),乐趣→ joyful adj.高兴的
8. failure n.失败;失败的人(或事);未履行;故障→ fail vi 失败
9. recognize vt.承认,意识到;认出,辨别出→ recognition n认出
10. thorough adj彻底的,全面的,仔细的→ thoroughly ad彻底地
11. death n.死,死亡;死亡状态→ dead adj.死的→die vi死亡
12.crowd n,一伙人,一帮人;人群,挤满,使拥挤v聚集;挤,涌→ crowded adj,拥挤的
13. admire vi,钦佩;欣赏→ admirable adj.令人敬佩的→admiration n钦佩;欣赏→admirer 崇拜者→admiring羡慕的;钦佩的
14.recover vi.恢复健康;恢复常态→recovery n.恢复;复苏;痊愈
15.respond vi.回答，答复；响应，反应→ response n.回应，反应
16.loss n.失去,去世;损失→lose v.丢失;损失,丧失→ lost adj.丢失的,丧失的;迷失的
17.judge vt．判断；审理；裁判n．法官；裁判员→judgement/judgment n.判断,判决书
18.apologiz(s)e vi.道歉；谢罪→apology n.歉意
19.behave v. 举动，举止，表现→ behavior n. 举止，行为
20.ignore vt.忽视,对……不予理会→ignorance n.无知;愚昧→ ignorant adj.无知的;愚昧的
21.suffer vi.受苦;变差vt.遭受,蒙受→suffering n.痛苦;苦恼;让人痛苦的事→sufferer n.患难者;患病者
22.medium（单）→media（复）媒体
datum→data 数据bacterium→bacteria 细菌curriculum→curricula 课程criterion→criteria 标准phenomenon→phenomena 现象.
23.explode vi爆炸→explosion n爆炸，爆发
24.generous adj慷慨的→generously adv慷慨地→generosi ty n慷慨，大方
25.misunderstand v误解，误会→ misunderstanding n误会，误解
pany n公司，陪伴→ accompany vt陪伴
二、重点短语
1.at first sight乍一看；初看时at the sight of一看见catch sight of 看到，发现
2.make it能够出席;准时到达;获得成功,渡过难关make for走向
make up组成；编造；化妆；弥补；和解make up for弥补
make the best of充分利用；=make the most of=make (full/good) use of
make out听清，看清，理解，辨认出
3.recover from...从……中恢复
4.respond to 响应，回答，对…作出反应in response to作为对…的反应
5.at a loss不知所措,困惑
6.judging from/by根据……判断（独立结构, 不用考虑从句和主句逻辑关系的一致性）
as far as it can be judged／as far as one can judge 据判断；据认为
7.apologize to sb.for sth/doing.因----向某人道歉=make an apology to sb for sth
owe sb an apology 应向某人道歉
8.in any case不管怎样，无论如何，反正=anyway
in no case=in no way/event/sense=by no means=under/in no circumstances=on no account=on no condition=at no time决不( 置于句首时句子部分倒装)
9.out of ignorance 出于无知be ignorant of 不了解;不知情
10.suffer from遭受;患病
11.keep/get/stay in contact with sb与某人保持联系
12.count on依赖,指望=depend/rely on/upon依赖,依靠count on sb to do sth 依靠/指望某人做某事13.in person亲自,亲身
14.respect sb for...因……而尊重某人have/show respect for sb 对某人表示敬意
out of respect for sb 出于对某人的尊敬in all/many respects 在各个/许多方面
be respectful to... 对……尊敬
15.bring out使显现,使表现出bring about 造成，导致bring up抚养，养育；呕吐
16.take measures to do sth采取措施做某事
17.reflect on/upon sth 仔细思考某事；反省某事on reflection 经再三考虑，仔细考虑
18.seek one’s fortune/fame追求财富/名誉;碰运气
seek after/for寻找;追求seek to do sth(=try/attempt to do sth)试图/企图做某事
19.escape from 从……逃脱escape (doing) sth避免(做)某事
escape punishment=escape being punished 逃避处罚 a narrow escape 死里逃生
20.be meant to do sth注定要做某事,应做某事sth is meant for sth/sb某物是为……准备/设计的mean to do sth打算做某事mean doing sth意味着做某事mean sb to do sth打算让某人干某事by no means决不
21.be of benefit to对……有益=be beneficial to …对……有帮助,有益于---
for the benefit of为了……的利益for one’s benefit为了帮助某人;为了某人的利益
sth benefit(s) sb某事对某人有益sb benefit(s) from sth某人从某事中受益
22.take on雇佣; 承担; 呈现
23.at the moment 此刻,目前,那时(常用于一般现在时、一般过去时和进行时)
the moment+从句=as soon as/the minute/the instant/the second/directly/immediately+从句=hardly/scarcely...when...=no sooner...than...一……就……
24.be recognized to be/as...被认为是……It is recognized that...人们公认……
25.admire sb for(doing) sth因为(做)某事而钦佩某人
26. believe in sb.相信; 信任; 信奉，信仰27.be willing to do sth.愿意/乐意做某事
27. have difficulty (in) doing 在…方面有困难28. turn to sb for help 向某人寻求帮助29. hang out晾晒（洗好的衣物）; 闲逛; 逗留30.at the weekend在周末
31.pick up拿起，捡起，学会，发现32. chat with 与某人闲聊/谈谈
33.instead of代替，而不是34.have fun with sb.和某人玩的开心
35.feel like doing sth.想要做某事36.be worth doing值得做某事，做某事是值得的37.have a talk with sb.和某人谈话/说话38. move on继续前进
39. come and go出没; 来来往往/去去40. face to face面对面
41. imagine doing想象做某事42. get along with sb 与某人相处
43. come and go 出没; 来来往往/去去44. face to face 面对面.
45. be in the wrong有错，应承担责任46.let go of 放弃，摒弃；松手，放开
47. on the rocks陷于困境，濒临崩溃48.reply to回答，答复
49. respond to回答，答复50.keep us connected使我们保持联系.
51.eat away at 腐蚀，侵蚀，逐渐破坏52.take the place of 代替，取代.
53.long to do 期望做…54.be faced with 面对，面临
55.encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事.56.take action/steps /measures to do…采取行动/措施做某事57.take up 拿起，占据，从事58.result from 由于result in导致
59. come between and…损害…之间的关系,离间;妨碍60.through thick and thin同甘共苦61. eat away at 腐蚀,侵蚀,逐渐破坏62.smooth out克服,恢复常态
63. in full measure最大程度地,最大限度地64. smooth out消除(问题),克服(困难) e down流传下来66.43岁43 years of age=43years old
67.be adapted from根据---改编be adapted for改编成
68.talk sth over with sb=talk about sth with sb 与某人讨论---- 69.trusted friends信赖的朋友
三、重点句型
1.The glory of friendship is not the outstretched hand, nor the kindly smile, nor the joy of companionship; it is the spiritual（spirit）inspiration（inspire）that comes to one when he discovers that someone else believes in him and is willing to trust him.
2.Teenagers may have difficulty maintaining (maintain)their friendships.
3.Friendship on the rocks：please advise!
Our accountant says the business is on the rocks. （陷入困境，濒临崩溃）
4.Whether we’re walking to school，doing homework or just hanging out at the weekend，we’re hardly out of each other’s sight.无论我们是步行去学校、做作业还是只是周末闲逛，我们几乎都不会离开彼此的视线
5.But last Saturday，she broke my heart，and I’m still picking up the pieces.收拾残局。

6.Our original plan (原计划)was to see (see) a film at the cinema that afternoon.
不定式常跟在下列名词后做表语，表示将来：aim/ purpose/ intention/ plan/ wish.
Her wish is to become (become) a lawyer.
Your task today is to wash(wash) the curtains.
7.But in the morning，my friend posted a message on social m edia saying(say) she had a cold. 我的朋友在社交媒体上发了一条消息说她感冒了。

8.When I called her，she said she might not be able to make it to the cinema.我给她打电话时，她说她可能去不了电影院了。

You're brave and courageous. You can make it.（成功）
9.My friend’s “illness” was a complete lie! Instead of recovering at home，she was out having(have) fun with someone else.她没有在家养病，而是出去和别人一起玩了。

15.I was so angry that I avoided her during school all day，and I still don’t feel like responding(respond) to any of her online messages. 我仍然不想回复她的任何线上留言。

10.The stress of this situation is killing(kill) me，and I’m at a loss what to do next.我不知道下一步该怎么办。

11.I’m so sorry! But this friendship is worth saving(值得挽回)：eight years is (be) a long time!
But this friendship deserves saving(值得挽回)
Don’t be so quick to judge your friend.不要急于评判你的朋友。

12.Perhaps she knows she’s in the wrong and wants to apologize，or maybe she has a simple explanation(explain) for her behaviour.也许她知道自己错了，想要道歉，或者她也许对自己的行为有一个简单的解释。

13.In any case，find an opportunity to have a full and frank talk with her. 无论如何，找个机会跟她开诚布公地谈一谈。

Frankly speaking, I have no idea. (坦白说)
14..Listen to what she has to say，and be sure to explain how you feel.
I definitely understand how you feel.我完全理解你的感受。

15.When I found out that I was tricked（trick）by him，I was really hurt and let go of our friendship. 当我发现我被他欺骗了，我真的很受伤，于是我放弃了这段友谊。

不要松开绳子，否则你会摔下来的。

Don’t let go of the rope, or you’ll fall.
16.However，if your friend ignores your feelings or makes you s uffer，it is time to rethink（rethink）your relationship.=....it’s (high/about) time that you rethought/should rethink（rethink）your relationship.然而,如果你的朋友忽视你的感受或者让你痛苦,那就要重新考虑你们的关系了。

17.It’s sad to move on，but you have to accept that friends come and go in life.告别一段友谊是令人难过的，但你必须接受生活中朋友的来去自由。

What are the similarities and differences between Cindy's and David's advice?(similar)
18.Draw on your own experiences to give a reply to her post. (利用=take advantage of=make use of)
19.When Amy found out, she exploded with anger.（勃然大怒）
20.No,you're not in the wrong. But you should talk to her face to face. Amy is a generous（大方的）person. She’ll understand.
Faced (face)with difficulty ,he never gives in but moves on.
21.A real friend is someone whose support we can count on .真正的朋友是我们可以依赖其支持的人
22.Yet these days, the modern tools that keep us connected(connect) are eating away at the meaning
of friendship.保持我们联系的现代工具正在侵蚀友谊的真谛
23.Social media like blogs（博客）has come between us and the friends whom we love.像博客这类社交媒体已经介入我们和我们所爱的朋友之间
我们是好朋友，没有什么能把我们分开。

We are good friends and nothing can come between us.
24.Texting and messaging cannot take the place of face-to-face chatting.短信和留言不能代替面对面的交流。

25.“Sharing”our experiences on social media is not enough to express the values which matter most to us.在社交媒体上分享我们的经验不足以表达对我们来说最重要的价值观。

26. To make (make) friends a real part of our lives, we should put down our smartphones and meet them in person.为了让朋友成为我们真实生活中的一部分,我们应该放下智能手机,亲自与他们见面。

27.The high point of the story comes when Huck is faced with the decision of whether to hand (hand) Jim over to some slave catchers.这部小说最有意思的部分是当哈克面临是否将吉姆交给一些奴隶捕手的抉择的时候。

28.From this story we can see that friends are people who support you through thick and thin.朋友是不顾艰难险阻都会支持你的人
29.I can see that Tim is having trouble balancing his project and his schoolwork, and I can see that both are important to him.我可以看出蒂姆在平衡他的项目和他的学业上遇到了困难,并且我可
以看出这两者对他来说都很重要。

30.I should also encourage him to take action to get over（克服）these difficulties.
31.A good friend also needs to be selfless(self).Tim is someone whom I should try my best (尽力) to help, even if （即使）it means more work for me.
32.When he's struggling with his schoolwork, I should do all I can to help (help) him become a more efficient （efficient）learner. 当他在学习上遇到困难/纠结于时，我应该尽我所能帮助他成为一个更有效率的学习者。

33.It'll take up some of my spare time, but this friendship is worth my extra time and effort. I'm sure that Tim would do the same for me.这会占用我的一部分空闲时间，但是这段友谊值得我的额外时间和努力。

34.To me, a good friend brings out the best in a person. And I think Tim is the one who brings out the best in me. 对我来说，好朋友促使一个人表现出最好的一面。

35.I'll always value these qualities of a good friend and try to measure myself by these standards as our friendship develops.我将一直重视好朋友的这些品质，并且随着我们的友谊的发展努力用这些标准衡量自己。

He lives in a room measuring (measure) 5 meters by 6 meters.
36.As we walk the “path of life”, we may sometimes wi sh to be alone with our own thoughts, for quiet periods of reflection(reflect) can lead to personal improvement(improve).当我们走在“人生
的道路”上时,我们有时可能希望独自思考,因为安静的反思期可以带来个人的进步。

37.Social life is also important to us. More often than not，close friendships will help smooth out the sometimes rocky(rock) road that we are all meant to travel.常常,亲密的友谊会有助于抚平我
们所有人注定会走的崎岖之路
Festivals are meant to celebrate (celebrate) important days of the year.
38.Here，friendship has a double advantage—happiness takes on a greater meaning and a trouble shared(share) becomes a trouble halved (half) !在这里，友谊有双重优势--幸福具有更大的意义，分担的烦恼减半!
39.Naturally(nature)，this kind of openness(open) results from a close friendship. 当然，这种分享来自亲密的友谊。

40.With true friends，we feel free to share(share) our joy and sadness in full measure.有了真正的朋友，我们可以尽情地分享快乐和悲伤。

41.As a result，if we are guided (guide)only by our own feelings，our judgements (judge)might be one-sided. Also，when we want to talk our problems over with a friend，we have to put our thoughts into words first. This alone helps make our thoughts clearer and brings us a more thorough understanding of our problems.我们必须先把想法用语言表达出来。

这有助于使我们的想法更清晰，使我们对问题有更透彻的理解。

42.Friends should be carefully chosen (choose) and relationships carefully developed(develop). In this way，we can better walk the “path of life”with the comfort，advice and help from our trusted
(trust) friends.慎重选择朋友，精心培养友谊。

这样，我们才能在值得信赖的朋友的安慰、建议和帮助下更好地走“人生之路”。

43.Li Bai and Du Fu, two of the greatest (great) poets in Chinese history, formed a lasting (last) friendship. Stories of their friendship have come down to this very day.(流传至今）。