【词汇讲解】外研8module5TheConquestoftheUniverse难点释疑

【词汇讲解】外研8module 5The Conquest of the Universe难点释疑
1. By the time the Challenger took off in 1986, the world seemed to have lost its fear and wonder at the amazing achievement of people going up into space.
【重点知识】by the time 为连词，意为“到……时”，引导时间状语从句。

by the time引导的时间状语从句，若从句用一般现在时，主句要用将来完成时；若从句用一般过去时，主句要用过去完成时（有时也用过去时）。

例如：
I will have done it by the time you come back.
2. An ordinary teacher, Christa McAuliffe, 37, who was married with two children, was to be the first civilian in space.
【重点知识】be to do表示“打算、计划或安排”，一般表示具体的动作，特别是将来的动作。

例如：
【拓展知识】（1）be doing 现在进行时表示将来，常用于表示位置转移的动词（如：go, come, leave, start, arrive等）。

（2）“be going to + 动词原形”用来表示近期或事先考虑过的将要发生的动作以及已有迹象表明必将发生的动作，意为“打算、就要”。

（3）be about to do表示即将发生的动作，不与具体时间状语连用。

3. By when, in 1938, the American actor and director, Orson Welles
set a radio drama of The War of the Worlds in the real life New Jersey town of Grover’s Mill, little did he know what impact he was going to make.
【重点知识】具有否定意义的词或短语置于句首时，句子一般用部分倒装。

这类词或短语常见的有：never, seldom, hardly, rarely, scarcely, by no means, under no circumstances, in no way, at no time, no sooner ... (than), hardly ... (when), not only ... but also, not until ... 等。

例如：
Little do I believe that Tom will come to take part in the birthday party to be held next Sunday.
4. One 13-year-old boy was doing his homework when he heard the first newsflash of the invasion.
【重点知识】be doing ... when表示“正在……这时”。

例如：
I was walking along the road next to the river when I saw a little boy fall into the river.。