2022年考研考博-考博英语-华东师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：18

2022年考研考博-考博英语-华东师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖
析AB卷（带答案）
一.综合题(共15题)
1.
翻译题
中国己经进入了为实现四个现代化而奋斗的新时期。

这对体育工作者提出了新的自标，这就是：在城乡普及体育运动，建立一支业务精湛的运动员和体育工作者队伍，把运动技能提高到世界水平，提供现代化的体育运动设备，使中国成为体育大国。

中国将加强和各国体育界的联系，积极参加国际体育组织举办的各种活动。

中国不但要再次承办亚运会，还要承办奥运会。

【答案】China has entered into the new period in which it is striving to achieve the four modernizations. This has set a new goal for physical culture workers, that is, to make sports popular both in the cities and the countryside so as to build up a contingent of sportsmen and physical culture workers who are vocationally proficient, to bring technical performance up to the world’s top level, and to provide modem sports facilities, thus enabling the country to become a major sports power in the world.
China will strengthen ties with sports circles of other countries in the world and take an active part in various activities sponsored by international sports organizations. It will also undertake such obligations as acting as the host country not only for more Asian Games but also for the Olympic Games.
2.
单选题
This refrigerator we bought last week is（）satisfactory.
问题1选项
A.by all means
B.by any means
C.by no means
D.by some means
【答案】C
【解析】by all means一定, 务必, 一般单独用, 后面不接成分；by any means无论如何；by no means—点也不；by some means通过某种方法。

句意：我们上周买的冰箱一点儿也不让人满意。

选项C符合句意。

3.
单选题
The Anti-Japanese War（）in 1937.
问题1选项
A.was happened
B.broke out
C.was broken
D.was broken out
【答案】B
【解析】语法题。

break out和happen均属于不及物动词, 没有被动形式。

所以只有选项B正确。

4.
单选题
My friend Paul was badly taken in when he paid $1000 for that second-hand car, it was not worth（）
问题1选项
A.that all much
B.all that much
C.that much all
D.much all that
【答案】B
【解析】考查修饰语。

that much通常用于口语中，用all修饰，进一步加强语气。

所以本题选B。

5.
单选题
We have invested（）80,000 in this project but till now there is no hope for us to get a penny back.
问题1选项
A.subsequently
B.unexpectedly
C.approximately
D.reluctantly
【答案】C 【解析】词义辨析题。

subsequently随后；unexpectedly想不到的；approximately大约, 近乎；reluctantly不情愿地。

句意：我们在这个项目上投资了大约8万美元, 但到目前为止, 我们还没有希望收回一分钱。

选项C符合句意。

6.
单选题
When it comes to the truth of the case, his（）answer is “no comment”.
问题1选项
A.invariable
B.investigative
C.invalid
D.invasive
【答案】A
【解析】词义辨析题。

invariable不变的, 始终如一的；investigative调查研究的；invalid无效的；invasive侵略性的。

句意：说到案件的真相, 他始终如一的回答是“无可奉告”。

选项A符合句意。

7.
单选题
Your improper words will give（）to doubts concerning your true intentions.
问题1选项
A.rise
B.reason
C.suspicion
D.impulse
【答案】A
【解析】give rise to为固定搭配, 表示“使...发生, 引发”。

句意：不恰当的话语会使人对你的真实意图产生怀疑。

8.
单选题
The establishment of Earth Day began with an idea proposed in October 1969 by John McConnell, a San Francisco resident. McConnell approached the San Francisco Board of Supervisors with a resolution to devote one day a year to public awareness dedicated to nature and the weak ecosystem that makes up it. The day's events would emphasize the urgency of all inhabitants of the planet to take responsibility for building a healthy and ecologically sustainable planet for the present and long into the future. The board was impressed with McConnell's idea and declared Earth Day an annual celebration to be held on March 21, the date of the vernal equinox. McConnell stated “This is the moment when night and day are equal throughout the earth—reminding us of Earth's beautiful system of balance which humanity has partially upset and must restore.” Earth day was established as a national day of celebration in the United States in 1970 and was embraced by the United Nations in 1971 when it declared an Earth Day ceremony to be held each year on the day of the March Equinox. When the first Earth Day was celebrated in the United States on April 22, 1970, twenty million participants nationwide took part in teach-ins, street demonstrations, and workshops in 2,000 communities and 12,000 colleges and high school campuses. The major public concern at that time was industrial pollution and its effect on the air we breathe, the water we drink, and the health of the planet was live in. those celebrations led to powerful public outcries for legislation mandating ecologically sound environmental policies and rigid controls on industrial pollution. Over the years, the issues of concern have expanded greatly into aspects of air, water, soil, and noise pollution. Whether it comes from vehicles, factories, agriculture, housing, or private property, public concern and activism continues with citizens from around the world involved in efforts to achieve a sustainable and enduring ecosystem.
Earth Day activities are supported and sponsored by a large network of organizations, government agencies, businesses, universities, and institutions. They work diligently each year to make Earth day events meaningful and relevant to the inhabitants of Planet Earth. The regular observance of this holiday fixes environmental values into the national consciousness and provides an opportunity to introduce environmental issues into schools, media and public events. It should be noted that Earth Day activities have been instrumental in bringing about many of the significant environmental changes that have taken place in the last three decades.
1.This passage is mainly concerned with（）
2.According to the passage, on March 21, （）
3.Which of the following dates is definitely an international Earth Day?
4.Which of the following statements is correct?
5.It can be concluded that（）
问题1选项
A.how to start a national holiday
B.when the Earth day was introduced
C.the reasons for establishing the Earth Day
D.the origin and movement of the Earth Day
问题2选项
A.the board accepted the proposal of McConnell
B.the United Nations declared an Earth Day celebration
C.day and night are equally divided throughout the world
D.the earth is at its most beautiful moment throughout the year
问题3选项
A.October 1, 1969.
B.March 21, 1970.
C.April 22, 1970.
D.March 21, 1972.
问题4选项
A.Only college students and scholars participated in the activities on the first Earth Day.
B.The movement has grown from concern over industrial pollution to all kinds of environmental pollution.
C.Some people cry for the abandonment of all vehicles and agriculture because of their pollution.
D.A sustainable and enduring ecosystem should be maintained at the cost of housing and private property.
问题5选项
A.many organizations and businesses suffer vast losses as a result of Earth Day campaign
B.people have learned to use Earth Day activities as instrument to acquire what they want
C.supporters work hard to make the whole nation aware of Earth Day events by publicizing them in media
D.Earth Day activities have succeeded in changing our environment over the past years
【答案】第1题:D
第2题:C
第3题:C
第4题:B
第5题:D
【解析】1.主旨大意题。

通读全文可知, 第一段主要是讲世界地球日的由来以及活动；第二段主要是讲地球日活动举办的意义。

所以选项D正确。

选项A表述错误, 选项B和 C不全面。

2.细节事实题。

根据关键词定位到第一段第四句“The board was impressed with McConnell's idea and declared Earth Day an annual celebration to be held on March 21, the date of the vernal equinox.”可知3月21号是春分。

然后接下来的一句话“This is the moment when night and day are equal throughout the earth.”说明春分这一天地球上昼夜时长相等。

所以选项C正确。

3.细节事实题。

根据第一段中“Earth day was established...on the day of the March Equinox.”可知, 1971年, 联合国宣布每年3月春分那天举行地球日庆祝活动, 地球日因此受到联合国的欢迎。

但是每年的春分在阳历里面的日子是不固定的, 所以并不是每年的3月21号都是地球日。

根据下文“When the first Earth Day was celebrated in the United States on April 22, 1970,”可知, 1970 年 4 月 22 号是美国庆祝的第一个地球日。

所以选项C正确。

4.细节事实题。

根据第一段可知, 第一次地球日活动有两千万人参与, 但并没有说只是学生和教员, only 表述错误, 选项A错误。

第一段的倒数第二句“Over the years, the issues of concern have expanded greatly into aspects of air, water, soil, and noise pollution.”可知, 人们关心的问题已扩展到空气、水、土壤和噪音污染等方面。

所以选项B符合原文。

选项C和D在文中都没提及。

5.判断推理题。

选项A文中只提到很多组织和公司都在支持地球日活动, 并没有提及他们因活动造成了巨大损失。

选项B人们庆祝地球日不是为了自己的利益, 而是为了生态环保, 表述错误。

选项C原文提到三种手段, 所以这里表达不全面。

选项D符合原文最后一句话, 正确。

9.
单选题
The river is already（）its banks because of excessive rainfall; and the city is threatened with a likely flood.
问题1选项
A.parallel to
B.level to
C.flat on
D.flush with
【答案】D
【解析】parallel to平行, 类似；level不与to搭配；flat也不与介词on搭配；flush with齐平, 同高。

句意：由于雨水过多，河水已经和堤岸齐平了，这座城市可能面临洪水的威胁。

选项D符合句意。

10.
单选题
She tried to hide her grief, but she was（）tears.
问题1选项
A.on the verge of
B.enthusiastic about
C.on the lookout for
D.glued to
【答案】A
【解析】词组辨析题。

on the verge of 濒临于、接近于；enthusiastic about热衷于；on the lookout for留意、物色；glued to不愿离开，盯住不放。

句意：她试图掩饰她的悲伤，但她几乎要哭了。

选项A 符合句意。

11.
单选题
People who live in small towns often seem more friendly than those living in（）populated areas.
问题1选项
A.densely
B.intensely
C.abundantly
D.highly
【答案】A
【解析】副词辨析。

densely浓密地、稠密地；intensely激烈地、热情地；abundantly丰富地；highly 高地，非常。

句意：住在小城镇的人似乎比住在人口稠密地区的人更友好。

选项A符合句意。

12.
单选题
Peter and David have not been on speaking terms recently. They（）about something.
问题1选项
A.should quarrel
B.might quarrel
C.could have quarreled
D.must have quarreled
【答案】D
【解析】考查推测。

根据句意：彼得和大卫最近关系不好。

他们一定是为了什么事吵架了。

表示肯定的推测用must，选项D正确。

13.
单选题
John stood staring at the ghost, （）with terror.
问题1选项
A.transferred
B.transported
C.transfixed
D.transmitted
【答案】C
【解析】形近词辨析题。

transferred转移；transported运输；transfixed使呆住、刺穿；transmitted 遗传、传输。

句意：John站在那里看着那个鬼，吓得不能动弹。

选项C符合句意。

14.
单选题
If any man here does not agree with me, he should （）his own plan for improving the living conditions of these people.
问题1选项
A.put on
B.put out
C.put in
D.put forward 【答案】D
【解析】短语辨析题。

put on穿上；put out把...拿出来；put in提交；put forward提出。

句意：假如有人不赞同我的提议, 他应该提出自己的计划以提高这些人的生活条件。

选项D符合句意。

15.
单选题
It is ridiculous that we（）.
问题1选项
A.are short of water in a country where it is always raining
B.be short of water in a country where it is always raining
C.might be short of water in a country where it is always raining
D.could be short of water in a country where it is always raining
【答案】B
【解析】考査虚拟语气。

It is/was+adj/n+that+主语+虚拟语气。

that后面的从句用should+原形, 其中should可省略, 选项B就是省略了should的虚拟语气, 所以选B。