高考英语二轮复习满分策略精讲通关练：专题04 议论文(阅读理解) (解析版)

专题04 议论文通关练
1.议论文解题策略
2.名校优选专项通关练
养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。

做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。

【解题策略】
议论文在阅读理解中占有相当大的比重。

议论文说理性强，语言庄重，逻辑缜密，重点考查考生的思维能力和判断能力，常用难词、长词和复杂句，给阅读理解带来一定的难度。

从体裁特点看，议论文有夹叙夹议文和议论文两种。

夹叙夹议文文体特点
夹叙夹议文所选文章语言地道、寓意深刻、可读性强。

文章常常在平淡的叙述中蕴含着深刻的人生哲理。

文章的显著特点是首句可能在传达一个事件信息或一种社会现象，而后对此进行深入评价，或由此引发一种深入思考，具有记叙与议论的双重性，文情并茂，发人深思。

从内容特点看：夹叙夹议类文章主要有三种类型: 1.先叙述作者的某一个生活经历或见闻，然后针对这一事件发表自己对生活的看法，或揭示生活的真理。

2. 作者先提出一种观点或看法，然后围绕这一观点或看法用具体的事例加以说明，有时也可能是用几个事例从不同的侧面来说明。

3. 提出一种观点或见解，然后用某一事例来阐述这一观点，最后再进一步地总结和升华。

议论文文体特点
议论文是一种剖析事物、论述事理、发表意见、提出主张的文体。

从结构特点看：文章通常由论点、论据、论证三部分构成，作者通过摆事实、讲道理、辨是非的方法，来论证某种观点正确与否，肯定或否定某种主张。

即提出问题(引论)--分析问题(本论)一一解决问题(结论)”。

从命题形式看：常见的有细节理解题、推理判断题、主旨大意题、词义猜测题题等题型。

阅读策略
1.双管齐下法：从结构和内容两方面同时入手，先通读全文，再区分事实和观点。

1.关注高频词：议论文中出现的高频词，经常就是文章的主题对象。

2.关注标志词：句子间的逻辑关系和衔接手段不外乎列举、原因、结果、让步、对照、补充、目的、条件等。

表示列举的词:for example, for instance;表罗列的词:first，second, third，to begin with，to conclude;
表转折的词: however, but, whereas;
表示原因的词: because, since，as;
表示结果的词:so，therefore, thus, consequently, as a result;
表示对照的词:on the contrary, by contrast, in comparison;
表示目的的词: so that，in order that等。

标志词就像指路牌一样，指明作者思路发展的方向和思路之间的逻辑联系。

标志词前后的信息往往都是命题和答题的主要线索或依据，因此，识别标志词对考生更快、更好地理解文章具有举足轻重的作用。

3.把握长难句：议论文中的长难句常是命题点。

遇到长难句，不可慌乱，耐心拆解出主干部分，再依次定位其修饰语，如定语、状语等，便可化繁为简，读懂句意。

【名校优选专项通关练】
1.（2024上·山西太原·高三统考期末）
Taking an end-of-season break sounds simple, right? You may think a carefree week spent on a beach is what’s most desired. But actually most athletes would spend hours trying to convince their coaches that they really don't need to rest at all, subsequently filling up all of their given time with as many replacement activities as possible.
This year I was given a week’s holiday by my coach to enjoy absolute relaxation. For the first three days I remained happily wrapped up in the satisfaction of my last race result, embracing pajama days, taking all morning just to have breakfast and using my spare time to socialize more than I usually do. I was enjoying it, and yet···All this resting made me feel restless. Then came Thursday. I laced up my shoes and headed back to the track.
The simple part of resting is the physical act of it, but given that I usually train with focus and tension, learning to check out mentally doesn’t always come naturally after a season, especially when I’m on holiday. After a season with good results, some well-meaning people excitedly ask “What's next?” It can wander in my mind and raise doubt over what I should be doing according to other people’s opinions.
In this case I talked to some experienced athletes and raised my concern, one of whom
suggested establishing a general outline of the next season’s goals prior to holidays. I find it helpful, not only preventing me from feeling rushed to get back into workouts too soon and giving a sense of purpose to the rest itself, but also ensuring that I will not spend my break making plans but allow my mind to rest too.
We all fear losing the fitness and the achievements that we worked so hard to gain, but in reality, taking the appropriate rest and knowing how to take it is a help. Here’s hoping that I’ll get the balance next year. But if I didn’t, at least I would enjoy myself.
1．What do most athletes do during a holiday after a season?
A．Negotiate with coaches.B．Do alternative workouts.
C．Enjoy absolute relaxation.D．Travel to a seaside destination.
2．What can we infer about the author’s holiday from paragraph 2?
A．It was carefully arranged.B．It followed the coach’s plan.
C．It was ended ahead of schedule.D．It was interrupted by unexpected tasks. 3．What is the author’s real need during the break time?
A．Mind rest.B．Physical recovery.
C．Time management.D．Professional guidance.
4．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Secrets to Winning on Tracks
B．Plans for Next Season’s Training
C．End-of-season Break: A New Beginning
D．From Legs to Brain: True Relaxation for Athletes
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D
【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。

文章主要讨论了运动员在赛季结束后如何休息的话题，作者通过自己的经历和与其他运动员的交流，提出了对于如何正确休息的看法和建议。

1．细节理解题。

根据第一段“But actually most athletes would spend hours trying to convince their coaches that they really don't need to rest at all, subsequently filling up all of their given time with as many replacement activities as possible.(但实际上，大多数运动员会花几个小时试图说服他们的教练，他们真的根本不需要休息，然后用尽可能多的替代活动填满他们所有的时间)”可知，大多数运动员在赛季结束后的假期都做一些另类的锻炼。

故选B项。

2．推理判断题。

根据第二段“This year I was given a week’s holiday by my coach to enjoy absolute relaxation. For the first three days I remained happily wrapped up in the satisfaction of my last race result, embracing pajama days, taking all morning just to have breakfast and using my spare time to socialize more than I usually do. I was enjoying it, and yet···All this resting made me feel restless. Then came Thursday. I laced up my shoes and headed back to the track.(今年教
练给了我一周的假期，让我好好放松一下。

前三天，我一直沉浸在对最后一场比赛成绩的满
意中，享受着穿着睡衣的日子，整个上午只吃早餐，利用业余时间比平时更多地参加社交活动。

我很享受，但这一切让我感到不安。

然后到了星期四。

我系好鞋带，回到跑道上)”可推知，作者有一周的假期，但是在第四天他开始训练，所以是假期提前结束了。

故选C项。

3．推理判断题。

根据第三段“The simple part of resting is the physical act of it, but given that I usually train with focus and tension, learning to check out mentally doesn’t always come naturally after a season, especially when I’m on holiday.(休息最简单的部分是身体上的休息，但考虑到
我通常都是集中精力和紧张地训练，在一个赛季之后，学会在精神上检查并不总是自然而然的，尤其是在我度假的时候)”可推知，作者在休息时间的真正需要是心灵休息。

故选A项。

4．主旨大意题。

根据第一段“Taking an end-of-season break sounds simple, right? You may think a carefree week spent on a beach is what’s most desired.(赛季结束休息一段时间听起来很简单，对吧你可能认为在海滩上无忧无虑地度过一周是最理想的)”以及最后一段“We all fear losing the fitness and the achievements that we worked so hard to gain, but in reality, taking the appropriate rest and knowing how to take it is a help. Here’s hoping that I’ll get the balance next year. But if I didn’t, at least I would enjoy myself.(我们都害怕失去我们努力获得的健康和成就，但实际上，适当的休息和知道如何休息是有帮助的。

我希望明年我能拿到余额。

但就算我不喜欢，至少我也会玩得很开心)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述了如何正确休息，所以D 项“From Legs to Brain: True Relaxation for Athletes(从腿到脑:运动员真正的放松)”是本文最
好的标题。

故选D项。

2.（2023·江苏·高三无锡市第一中学阶段练习）
“Lei ming m ming baak ngo gong ge waa ah? Do you understand what I am saying?” I stare back at the speaker dumbly, my lips parted, the ideas clear in my mind but a response unable to express itself in a language in my distant range. After an uncomfortable pause, a bunch of words spill out of my mouth, sounding forced and unnatural.
The anecdote (轶事) above is a semi-conversation I had in Malaysia years ago. A three-week stay in Malaysia once every few years was often the highlight of my summers—what more can you ask from a food paradise? But besides the family, food, and escape that Malaysia offered, trips also brought accompanying feelings of guilt that I just couldn’t seem to translate. For one month every few summers, I got a taste of what it feels to be an outsider in my own culture, peering in. I was a girl lost in translation, passively absorbing the various tongues shouted between the stalls in the wet markets, quietly nodding along at my grandparents’ huge family dinners.
In America though, I am a different person. I don’t think twice about my grammar when speaking. I don’t struggle with the words and fear that my logic and stories won’t get through to people. So as a native English speaker, I do not have to worry daily about whether I’m judged for having an accent or whether I’m misunderstood across languages. In Malaysia, I naturally burst out “have you eaten?” instead of recalling the Malaysian equivalent “you makan already?” In
Malaysia, everything about the way I speak-my accent, intonation, sentence structure, slang-gives me away. My American-ness is seen in the way I talk, dress, and act. Maybe my face could pass for a Malaysian local, but once I open my mouth to speak I am so clearly not. It is uncomfortable and awkward, and sometimes I wonder if I did not look Asian at all would it be better, since there would be no more language expectation for me than for a white tourist.
5．How did the author feel in the anecdote?
A．Confused and scared.B．Embarrassed and nervous.
C．Curious and surprised.D．Upset and puzzled.
6．Why did the author feel guilt according to Paragraph 2?
A．Because she had to stay away from her family
B．Because she didn’t enjoy speaking the language
C．Bccause she had to accept what grandparents said
D．Because she found it hard to understand the culture.
7．What can we learn about the author from the last paragraph?
A．She was a good language learner.B．She didn’t like being an Asian.
C．She was judged unfairly in Malaysia D．She spoke English unconsciously in
Malaysia.
8．From which column of the website does this article probably come from?
A．Opinion B．News.C．Education.D．Humor
【答案】5．B 6．D 7．D 8．A
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。

文章主要讲述了作为马来西亚人的作者在语言表达上出现了“文化差异”，这带来尴尬和不理解。

5．推理判断题。

根据第一段“I stare back at the speaker dumbly, my lips parted, the ideas clear in my mind but a response unable to express itself in a language in my distant range. After an uncomfortable pause, a bunch of words spill out of my mouth, sounding forced and unnatural.(呆呆地盯着说话的人，我嘴唇张开，脑海中的想法清晰，但无法用我不熟悉的语言表达自己的回答。

在一个不舒服的停顿之后，一堆话从我的嘴里溢出，听起来很强迫，很不自然)”以及第二段中“The anecdote (轶事) above is a semi-conversation I had in Malaysia years ago.(上面的轶事是几年前我在马来西亚的一次半对话)”可知，在这件事情中，作者不知道如何用恰当的语言去表达自己的想法，被迫说出一些很不自然的话，由此推知，作者会感到尴尬和紧张。

故选B项。

6．推理判断题。

根据第二段“For one month every few summers, I got a taste of what it feels to be an outsider in my own culture, peering in. I was a girl lost in translation, passively absorbing the various tongues shouted between the stalls in the wet markets, quietly nodding along at my grandparents’ huge family dinners.(每隔几个夏天，我就会有一个月的时间，去体验在自己的
文化中做一个局外人的感觉。

我是一个迷失在翻译中的女孩，被动地听着菜市场里摊位间各种各样的语言，在祖父母的大型家庭晚餐上安静地点头)”可知，作者作为马来西亚人，在面对自己文化时总有一种局外人的感觉，被动接受摊位上人们的话语以及聚餐时默默的回应着家人，由此可推断，作者感到愧疚的原因是发现自己不能理解自己的文化。

故选D项。

7．细节理解题。

根据最后一段“In Malaysia, I naturally burst out “have you eaten?” instead of recalling the Malaysian equivalent “you makan already?”(在马来西亚，我自然会说出“你吃过饭了吗？”，而不是想起马来西亚的对应句子“you makan already?”)”可知，作者在马来西亚说英语时，如同在美国一样是“无意识地”说出自己想表达的内容。

故选D项。

8．推理判断题。

通读全文，结合首段中的““Lei ming m ming baak ngo gong ge waa ah? Do you understand what I am saying?” I stare back at the speaker dumbly, my lips parted, the ideas clear in my mind but a response unable to express itself in a language in my distant range.(“Lei ming m ming baak ngo gong ge waa ah？你明白我在说什么吗？”我呆呆地盯着说话的人，我的嘴唇张开，想法在我的脑海里清晰，但我的反应无法用一种遥远的语言来表达)”和第二段中的“For one month every few summers, I got a taste of what it feels to be an outsider in my own culture.(每隔几个夏天，我就会有一个月的时间，体会到在自己的文化中做一个局外人的感觉)”结合文章主要讲述了作为马来西亚人的作者在语言表达上出现了“文化差异”，这带来尴尬和不理解。

由此可知，本文的主题与对语言文化的观点有关系，所以很可能出自网站的“观点”专栏。

故选A项。

3.（2024·云南大理·统考模拟预测）
We grow up — unavoidably — with a strong attachment to a plan A, that is, an idea of how our lives will go and what we need to do to achieve our particular set of well-defined goals.
But then, for some of us and at one level all of us, life turns out to have made a few other plans. A sudden injury puts a certain career forever out of reach. A small but significant error changes everything about how crucial others view us. And so, promptly, we find we have to give up on plan A altogether, which can feel devastating. We alternately weep and anger at the turn of events. It is for such moments that we should consider one of life’s most vital skills: that of developing a plan B．
The first element involves fully acknowledging that no one gets through life with all their careful plan As. Plan As simply do not work out all the time. Something unexpected, shocking and hateful regularly comes along, not only to us, but to all human beings.
The further point is to realize that we are, despite moments of confusion, absolutely capable of developing very satisfactory plan Bs. Adults are good at keeping needing to refresh in our minds and drawing comfort from in anxious moments. We have enormous capacities to act and to adapt. Perhaps we’ll have to leave town forever, maybe we’ll have to resign an occupation we spent a decade nurturing — until we rediscover our potential plan B muscle. In reality, there
would be a possibility to relocate, to start afresh in another field, to turn around the terrible event. There was no one script for us written at our birth, and nor does there need to be only one going forward.
Crucially, we don’t need to know right now what our plan Bs might be or anticipate every frustration that might come our way; we should simply feel confident that, were the universe to command it, we would know how to find a very different path.
9．What’s the function of the opening paragraph?
A．To arouse thinking.B．To introduce the topic.
C．To define a concept.D．To set the background.
10．What does the underlined word mean in the second paragraph?
A．Disastrous.B．Indifferent.C．Entertaining.D．Relaxing. 11．Which statement is true according to the passage?
A．We must be blamed for having to make a plan B．
B．There will be only one script for us written in life.
C．Adults are an adaptable species to tackle problems.
D．Plan Bs are actually superior to plan As all the time.
12．The best structure of this passage is .
A．B．C．D．
【答案】9．B 10．A 11．C 12．B
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。

生活中总会有意外和挫折，计划A并不总是能够顺利实现。

因此，我们需要学会接受并发展备选计划。

文章强调了人们的适应能力和行动能力，并鼓励读者在面对困难时保持乐观，相信自己能够找到新的道路。

9．推理判断题。

第一段“We grow up — unavoidably — with a strong attachment to a plan A, that is, an idea of how our lives will go and what we need to do to achieve our particular set of
well-defined goals.(不可避免地，我们在成长过程中对A计划有着强烈的依恋，也就是说，对我们的生活将如何发展以及我们需要做些什么来实现我们特定的一系列明确的目标的想法)”中提出“A计划”这一概念。

结合第二段中“But then, for some of us and at one level all of us, life turns out to have made a few other plans. A sudden injury puts a certain career forever out of reach. A small but significant error changes everything about how crucial others view us. And so, promptly, we find we have to give up on plan A altogether, which can feel devastating. We
alternately weep and anger at the turn of events. It is for such moments that we should consider one of life’s most vital skills: that of developing a plan B.(但是，对我们中的一些人来说，在某种程度上，我们所有人，生活原来已经制定了一些其他的计划。

一场突如其来的伤病让你的职业生涯永远无法实现。

一个小而重大的错误会改变别人对我们的看法。

因此，很快，我们发现我们不得不完全放弃A计划，这可能会让人感到毁灭性的打击。

当事情发生转折时，我们时而哭泣，时而愤怒。

正是在这样的时刻，我们应该考虑生活中最重要的技能之一：制定B计划)”可推知，第一段中提出“A计划”是为了引出下文话题：有时我们不得不完全放弃A计划，考虑制定B计划。

故选B项。

10．词句猜测题。

分析划线词所在句“And so, promptly, we find we have to give up on plan A altogether, which can feel devastating.(因此，很快，我们发现我们不得不完全放弃A计划，这可能会让人感到devastating)”可知，“which can feel devastating”是定语从句，其中关系代词which指代上文中“不得不完全放弃A计划”这种情形。

结合常识，放弃精心计划的“A计划”会让我们感到毁灭性的打击，由此猜测划线词devastating与disastrous同义。

故选A项。

11．细节理解题。

根据第四段中“Adults are good at keeping needing to refresh in our minds and drawing comfort from in anxious moments. We have enormous capacities to act and to adapt.(成年人善于保持头脑清醒，从焦虑的时刻获得安慰。

我们有巨大的行动和适应能力)”可知，成年人有巨大的行动和适应能力。

所以C项“Adults are an adaptable species to tackle problems.(成年人是一个适应能力很强的物种，能够解决问题)”是正确的表述。

故选C项。

12．推理判断题。

通读全文，分析结构可知，文章第一、二段告诉我们什么是“A计划”和有时我们不得不完全放弃A计划，它们属于并列关系，创设了一种情景，属于第一部分；第二段中“The first element involves fully acknowledging that no one gets through life with all their careful plan As.(第一个要素包括充分认识到，没有人的一生都是精心策划的)”和第三段中“The further point is to realize that we are, dspite moments of confusion, absolutely capable of developing very satisfactory plan Bs.(更进一步的一点是要认识到，尽管有困惑的时候，我们绝对有能力制定出非常令人满意的B计划)”构成并列关系，就如何正确认识计划的改变提出建议，属于第二部分；最后一段“Crucially, we don’t need to know right now what our plan Bs might be or anticipate every frustration that might come our way; we should simply feel confident that, were the universe to command it, we would know how to find a very different path.(至关重要的是，我们现在不需要知道我们的B计划是什么，也不需要预测可能出现的每一次挫折；我们应该相信，如果上天要这样，我们将知道如何找到一条截然不同的道路)”总结全文，提出毋须焦虑，不管如何，我们都将能够找到新的道路，属于第三部分。

故选B项。

4.（2024上·山东·高三山东省鄄城县第一中学校考）
As a research scholar at the Indian Institute for Science Education and Research, I once monitored birds that inhabited grasslands in Daying Ering Memorial Wildlife Sanctuary, a
protected area in Northeast India. This habitat forms a part of one of the most bio-diverse places on Earth. Yet despite their ecological importance and uniqueness, most grasslands are classified by the Indian government as “wastelands”.
Ecosystems throughout the world are suffering from the effects of unchecked habitat loss and climate change. While all types of ecosystems—forests, grasslands, oceans, wetlands and deserts—feel these effects, there is evidence of bias (偏好) towards the conservation of forest biodiversity. This bi as hurts the preservation of other ecosystems, including the grasslands that make up 24 percent of the Indian landmass. These grasslands are home to important biodiversity and support the livelihoods of millions of people, yet are defined in India by their value in being turned into forests for fighting climate change.
Apart from being costly, the move overlooks the ecological and social value of grasslands by turning them into mono-culture forests, which do not provide the same ecological benefits. Yet, grasslands could be equally good at storing carbon.
India and other countries with substantial grasslands need to recognize, support and prioritize evidence-based scientific attempts that focus on grasslands by establishing grassland-specific restoration efforts, as well as by mapping their extent and the ecosystem services they provide for humans. The time is ripe for abandoning outdated labelings like “wastelands”.
Already, communities like the Todas and the Idu Mishmi people are protecting grasslands in India through collective action and local stewardship (管理), which are helping them connect with the grasslands. With the aim of preserving the richness of nature, the government must restore greater rights to local communities to manage grasslands. Grasslands are an important feature of an ecologically sound India, one that must be preserved for that value above all others. 13．What does the author want to stress in the second paragraph?
A．Forests are hotspots of biodiversity.B．Deserts badly affect local ecology.
C．Climate change threatens ecosystems.D．Grasslands need equal conservation. 14．What is the author’s attitude to Indian government’s move?
A．Tolerant.B．Unclear.C．Negative.D．Favorable. 15．Who should be encouraged to protect the grasslands according to the text?
A．Government officials.B．Local communities.
C．University researchers.D．International agencies.
16．Which is the most suitable title for the text?
A．Stop Treating Grasslands as Wastelands B．Take Active Steps to Limit Grasslands
C．Recognize the Polluted Grasslands D．Transform Grasslands into Forests
【答案】13．D 14．C 15．B 16．A
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。

文章主要说明了为应对气候变化，印度视大片草场为不毛之地，将其改造为林地。

作者通过分析该做法的弊端，呼吁当地政府重视草场独特的生态价值。

13．推理判断题。

根据第二段“While all types of ecosystems—forests, grasslands, oceans, wetlands and deserts—feel these effects, there is evidence of bias (偏好) towards the conservation of forest biodiversity. This bi as hurts the preservation of other ecosystems, including the grasslands that make up 24 percent of the Indian landmass. These grasslands are home to important biodiversity and support the livelihoods of millions of people, yet are defined in India by their value in being turned into forests for fighting climate change. (虽然所有类型的生态系统——森林、草原、海洋、湿地和沙漠——都能感受到这些影响，但有证据表明，人们倾向于保护森林生物多样性。

这损害了其他生态系统的保护，包括占印度陆地面积24%的草原。

这些草原是重要生物多样性的家园，支持着数百万人的生计，但在印度，它们的价值在于将其变成森林，以应对气候变化。

)”可推断，作者在此想强调我们应当同样重视保护草场。

故选D。

14．推理判断题。

根据第三段“Apart from being costly, the move overlooks the ecological and social value of grasslands by turning them into mono-culture forests, which do not provide the same ecological benefits. (除了成本高昂之外，这一举措还忽视了草原的生态和社会价值，将它们变成了单一的森林，无法提供同样的生态效益。

)”可推断，作者不认同印度政府的做法。

故选C。

15．细节理解题。

根据最后一段“Already, communities like the Todas and the Idu Mishmi people are protecting grasslands in India through collective action and local stewardship (管理), which are helping them connect with the grasslands. With the aim of preserving the richness of nature, the government must restore greater rights to local communities to manage grasslands. (像Todas 和Idu Mishmi这样的社区已经通过集体行动和当地管理来保护印度的草原，这有助于他们与草原建立联系。

为了保护自然的丰富性，政府必须恢复地方社区管理草原的更大权利。

)”可知，应当鼓励当地民众积极参与草场保护工作。

故选B。

16．主旨大意题。

根据第四段“The time is ripe for abandoning outdated labelings like “wastelands”. (抛弃“荒地”等过时标签的时机已经成熟。

)”结合文章主要说明了为应对气候变化，印度视大片草场为不毛之地，将其改造为林地。

作者通过分析该做法的弊端，呼吁当地政府重视草场独特的生态价值。

故A选项“停止把草原当作荒地”最符合文章标题。

故选A。

5.（2024上·广东深圳·高三统考期末）
First-year college students often are expected or required to live in dormitories. In the rest years, it’s usually up to those students to decide whether to live on or off campus.
But some schools don’t provide an option and require four years of on-campus living for full-time students. Living on campus has been shown to increase retention (保留) and attendance rates among freshman and second-year students, according to a 2021 report. There are exceptions, however. At some colleges, students may be freed from the requirement if they are, for instance,
commuters (通勤生), fifth-year seniors, at least 23 years of age or legally married.
Residential housing at colleges is not limited to shared rooms and bathrooms. Alternatives include flats, apartments, Greek houses or living-learning communities for students with shared interests. On-campus students also have access to services and resources such as residence life staff who can help if a housing issue arises. When students live in a community, they are forced to live with different people, learn more about themselves and about the others, and tell each other their stories.
On the other hand, off-campus living provides students with more independence, as they are not constrained by school housing policies. Off-campus students gain more real-world experience in areas like paying their own bills, finding renter’s insurance, cooking their own meals and negotiating or reviewing contracts. If students are choosing to live off campus, they should really think it through and talk to someone that lived off campus. Do their homework and look at all the costs before they make that decision. Make sure, too, that they are choosing people that they can live with.
At first glance, off-campus housing can appear less expensive. But the additional expenses outside of rent — like utilities, groceries, Internet access, cable and furniture — are often overlooked. To reduce off-campus costs, some students choose to overpack houses or apartments, sometimes with four or five people in a two-bedroom house. Unlike off-campus housing, the total cost of living on campus is typically all-inclusive, coveting rent, utilities, furniture, Wi-Fi and a meal plan.
17．Why do some colleges require all the students to live on campus?
A．To keep them stay longer on campus for classes.
B．To make sure all students can live in shared rooms.
C．To make as much profit as possible for the colleges.
D．To monitor all of their students as easily as possible.
18．What should students do before living off campus?
A．They should find someone to take care of them.
B．They should fully develop the ability to live alone.
C．They should learn all aspects of off-campus living.
D．They should seek accommodation through an agent.
19．What does the underlined word “overpack” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Overlook.B．Overconsume.C．Overestimate.D．Overload. 20．What is the best title for the text?
A．Residential Housing At Different Colleges
B．Choice Between Housing On or Off Campus
C．Accommodation Situation For College Students
D．Different Living Experience On or Off Campus
【答案】17．A 18．C 19．D 20．B
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。

主要介绍的是大学生选择校内外住宿的优劣，并提供了选择建议，分析了校内住宿对学习的益处和校外住宿的独立生活技能需求。

17．细节理解题。

根据第二段中的“But some schools don’t provide an option and require four years of on-campus living for full-time students. Living on campus has been shown to increase retention (保留) and attendance rates among freshman and second-year students, according to a 2021 report.(有些学校不提供这种选择，并要求全日制学生在校内生活四年。

2021年的一份报告显示，住在校园里可以提高大一和二年级学生的留校率和出勤率。

)”可知，一份报告显示，学校要求学生在校内生活能提高大一和大二学生的留效率和出勤率；由此可知，有些大学要求所有的学生都住在校园里为了让他们在上课在校园的时间更长。

故选A项。

18．细节理解题。

根据第四段中的“Off-campus students gain more real-world experience in areas like paying their own bills, finding renter’s insurance, cooking their own meals and negotiating or reviewing contracts. If students are choosing to live off campus, they should really think it through and talk to someone that lived off campus.(校外学生在支付自己的账单、为租房者找保险、自己做饭、谈判或审查合同等方面获得了更多的实际经验。

)”可知，住在校外，学生要考虑支付自己的账单，找保险、自己做饭、协商或者审查合同等方面，结合下文中的“Do their homework and look at all the costs before they make that decision. Make sure, too, that they are choosing people that they can live with.(在做决定之前，先做足功课，看看所有的成本。

同时也要确保他们选择了可以一起生活的人。

)”可知，作者建议选择校外居住前要做足功课，考虑所有的成本以及确保选择了可以一起生活的人；由此可知，选择校外居住前需要考虑到方方面面的问题。

故选C项。

19．词义猜测题。

根据划线单词前的“To reduce off-campus costs(为了减少校外居住的成本)”以及划线单词后的“sometimes with four or five people in a two-bedroom house(有时四五个人
住在一套两居室的房子里。

)”可知，为了降低成本，有些学生选择在两室的卧房里住进四五个人，说明房子里住的人太多，由此可推断，划线单词overpack的意思应与“塞满或者挤满”意思相近。

故选D项。

20．主旨大意题。

根据首段“First-year college students often are expected or required to live in dormitories. In the rest years, it’s usually up to those students to decide whether to live on or off campus.(大学一年级的学生通常被期望或要求住在宿舍里。

在剩下的几年里，通常由这些学生决定是住在校内还是校外。

)”可知，大学一年级的学生要求住在宿舍，但在接下来的几年里有学生决定住在校内还是校外，结合下文介绍的校内居住和校外住宿的利和弊，并提供了相关的建议可知，本文主要介绍的是关于学生在校内和校外住房之间选择的讨论；由此可知，题目“校内居住还是校外居住的选择”与本文内容相符，且概括了本文的主题，适合作为最佳标题。

故选B项。