高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习附答案解析

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高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习
虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设,所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。

根据时间的不同,虚拟条件句可分为三种,即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句
(1)表示与现在事实相反
If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.
(2)表示与过去事实相反
If he had taken your advice, he wouldn’t have made such a bad mistake.
(3)表示与将来事实相反
I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.
1. 虚拟条件句的倒装
在虚拟条件句中,为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性,或突出说话人的一种主观愿望,虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。

虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if,把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。

例如:Had I been(= If I had been ) in that situation, I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.
Should there be (= If there should be) a drought, what should we do at that time ?
2. 错综时间条件句
有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致,这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来确定。

例如:
If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years ,thing s wouldn’t be going so smoothly.
3. 含蓄条件句
有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来,而是通过某个介词或介词短语(如:with,otherwise,without,but for,in that position)、上下文或其它方式表现出来。

这种句子称为含蓄条件句。

例如:
But for the help from you , I would not have had the chance to go to college.
二、虚拟语气在某些从句中的运用
在某些词或短语后接的从句中要使用虚拟语气,表示愿望、建议或命令等。

根据虚拟语气的形式不同,虚拟语气可以分为“should类”和“过去时态类”。

(一)should类
这一类的虚拟语气是通过从句中的谓语动词使用“should +动词原形”体现出来的,should可以省略。

其具体运用体现在:
1. 在suggest , order, demand , propose, command, request, desire,insist等表示建议、命令、要求、意见的动词后接的宾语从句中要使用虚拟语气。

如:He suggests that she should leave the house at once.
The leader ordered that the task(should) be finished as soon as possible.
He proposed that we (should)deal with the problem by the view of development.
2. 与suggest,order,demand,propose,command,request,desire,insist等动词相对应的名词suggestion,order,demand,proposal等后的表语从句或同位语从句中要使用虚拟语气。

如:The general sent the order that the battle (should)be held on until the complete failure of the enemy.
My proposal is that we(should) set a deadline for handing in the plan.
3. 在It is/was suggested (ordered,demanded,proposed,etc.)结构以及necessary,essential,important,strange,natural等形容词后的主语从句中要使用虚拟语气。

如:
It’s requested that we (should)keep the stability of the society for the people’s peaceful life.
It is necessary that the badly wounded man(should) be treated immediately. (二)过去时态类
英语中,还有一些词或短语后接的从句或句子,也要使用虚拟语气,虚拟语气是通过句中的谓语使用过去的某种时态(如:一般过去时、过去完成时等)来体现的。

1. wish,would rather 后的宾语从句。

如:
He wished he had never been involved in such affairs.
I would rather you could teach me again.
2. as if,as though引导的从句。

如:
The little boy knows so many things as if he was a man.
He acted as usual as though nothing had happened.
3. 由if only (要是……,那该多好啊!)引导的惊叹句。

如:
If only I had passed the test!
If only it stopped raining!
4. It is(about/high) time 后的定语从句。

如:
It is time we went out for a walk.
It was high time they had begun to prepare the experiment.
三、虚拟语气的其它用法
在英语中,一些表示建议、请求、劝告、愿望、祈祷、祝福或诅咒的句子,也需要使用虚拟语气。

如:
Would you mind smoking here?
May you be lucky!
Long live the people of China!
God save me.
虚拟语气练习题
1.Mary’s description of the party was so vivid that I felt as if I there.
A.would be B.might have been
C.would have been D.had been
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。

句意:玛丽对这次聚会的描述是如此生动,以至于我觉得我好像去过那里一样。

根据句意及句中felt可知,此处描述的是与过去事实相反的情况,应使用过去完成时。

故D选项正确。

【点睛】
as if的两种用法:
1.as if从句用陈述语气,我这里说的从句用陈述语气,是相对于虚拟语气而言的。

即你所表达的句子是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时。

设想语境:比方说你现在屋里看不到外面的情况,却听到了雨滴声,表达如下:
It sounds as if it is raining.听起来像是在下雨。

2. as if 从句用虚拟语气,当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时。

从句虚拟语气动词时态的形式如下:
(1)如果从句表示与现在事实相反,谓语动词用一般过去时。

(2)从句表示与过去事实相反,谓语动词用“had+过去分词”。

(3)从句表示与将来事实相反,谓语动词用“would/could/might+动词原形
2.In this company, it is required that anyone who ______ recently come here _____ this kind of test.
A.has; has B.has; have
C.have; have D.have; has
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
试题分析:考察主谓一致和虚拟语气。

本题第一空是定语从句,who指代先行词在句中作主语,因为先行词是anyone所以句中使用单数has的形式。

因为前面的动词是require后面的宾语从句指使用should+动词原形的虚拟语气。

should可以省略。

句意:在这个公司里,要求最近来的人要进行这样的一个测试。

故B正确。

考点:考察主谓一致和虚拟语气
点评:英语中有4——四个表示“要求”的词,require, ask ,tell, demand;3——三个表示“建议”的词,suggest, recommend, advice;2——两个表示“命令”的词,order,command ; 1——一个表示“坚持”的词,insist。

他们后面接 should+动词原形的虚拟语气。

Should可以省略。

另外定语从句中的单复数取决于先行词的单复数形式。

3.What would have happened ________,as far as up to the river bank.
A.Bob had walked farther
B.if Bob should walk farther
C.had Bob walked farther
D.if Bob walked farther
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。

根据语境为过去事实相反的虚拟语气,故用had Bob walked farther,等于if Bob had walked farther,选C。

4.Nancy was very disappointed to hear the news. I wish I her about that.
A.hadn’t told B.didn’t te ll C.wouldn’t tell D.can’t tell
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
试题分析:考察虚拟语气。

动词wish后面的从句使用虚拟语气,如果与现在相反,使用一般过去时;与过去相反,用过去完成时;与将来相反,用过去将来时。

句意:听到这个消息,Nancy非常失望。

我多么希望我没有告诉她这一点啊!根据句意说明这是与过去的希望相反,过使用过去完成时。

故A正确。

考点:考察虚拟语气
点评:动词wish后面的从句要使用虚拟语气。

如果与现在事实相反,用过去时;如果与过去事实相反,用过去完成时;如果与将来相反就使用过去将来时。

5._________, the world would be more harmonious.
A.Weren't there any wars B.There weren't any wars
C.Were there no wars D.Had there no wars
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
试题分析:考查虚拟语气。

根据后半句would be可知是对现在的虚拟,从句要用过去式,be动词一律用were,另本句为if条件句省略形式,要将were提到句首,同时如果条件句从句为否定,否定词应置于主语后,不能缩略为Weren't置于句首,句意:如果没有战争,世界会更和谐。

故选C
考点:考查虚拟语气
6.Experts advised that parents ______ children from doing homework by using electronic equipment too much.
A.discouraged B.discourage
C.would discourage D.have discouraged
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
考查
【详解】
句意:专家建议,家长们不要让孩子们过多地使用电子设备来做作业。

此处是advise“建议”+that从句的用法,在that从句中用should+do形式的特殊用法,should可以省略,故选B项。

7.You _______ a higher score if you hadn’t repeated the same mistake. My suggestion is that _______and start all over again.
A.should have achieved; you must stay calm B.could have achieved; you stay calm C.must have achieved; you should stay calm D.will have achieved; you must stay calm
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。

句意:如果你没有重复同样的错误,那么,你本来能得更高的分数。

我建议你保持冷静,重新开始。

第一句考查对过去的虚拟。

条件句用过去完成时态,主句用could/would/might have done 形式。

结合句意,第一空应填“could have done”,意为“本可以(能够)做某事”。

在第二句中,主语为“the suggestion(建议)”,其后的表语从句中,谓语动词应用(should) do形式的虚拟语气,故第二空填(should) stay calm。

综上,B选项切题。

8.He insisted that he ____________ the money and ___________ he __________ set free. A.didn’t steal, /, be B.steal, that, should be
C.didn’t steal, that, should be D.steal, /, was
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查insist的用法。

Insist做坚持说解时从句与主句时态相同;做坚决要求...该...解时后接that+主语+should+动词原形;根据句意那个男孩坚持认为他没有错,并且坚决要求马上释放他。

故选C。

【名师点睛】
insist引导的宾语从句的时态有两种理解.
1.insist如果解释为"坚持说,坚持认为"即其宾语从句的动作是个已经发生的动作,则宾语从句的时态为正常用法.
所以该句“he (not) steal the money”是个已经发生的事实,且其发生在insisted之前,所以“过去
的过去”,就改用过去完成时了.
2.insist如果解释2为“坚持要求,坚持主张”即其宾语从句的动作尚未发生时,这宾语从句的时态必须使用虚拟语气,即(should)+ 动词原形.
所以该句“he (be set free)at once”在当时是个尚未发生的动作,必须使用虚拟语气,所以该写成he (should) be set free at once.
9.(2017•天津)—Do you have Betty’s phone number?
—Yes. Otherwise, I ______able to reach her yesterday.
A.hadn’t been B.wouldn’t have been
C.weren’t D.wouldn’t be
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
试题分析:
【名师点睛】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。

句意:--你有贝蒂的电话号码吗?--有。

否则我昨天就联系不到她了。

根据标志词otherwise,相当于一个条件状语从句:If I hadn't have her phone number,即对过去的虚拟的条件状语从句,可以判断出主句用wouldn't have done表示对过去情况的虚拟,故选B。

【点睛】
if的虚拟语气非常重要,首先要熟悉基本用法:1、表示与现在事实相反的情况,从句:If 主语+过去时(be动词用were);主句:主语+should/would/could/might+do:2、表示与过去事实相反的情况,从句:If主语+had+done;主句:主语+should/ would/ could/ might+have done3、表示对将来情况的主观推测,从句:①if+主语+were to do②if+主语
+should+do ③if+主语+did(动词过去式)/were ;主句:主语+should /would/ could
/might+do,另外要注意从句也可以省略if,把had,were,should提前。

这句话的虚拟语气是根据标志词otherwise和句意推断出主句是对过去的虚拟。

10.I the answer to her possible, but I was fully occupied then.
A.could explain; if it had been B.must have explained; were it
C.should have explained; had it been D.should have explained; should it be
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。

句意:如果可能的话,我本该给她解释这个答案,但当时我很忙。

根据题意可知此处表示与过去事实相反,当条件句中省略if时需用倒装结构,把had提前。

主句表示“本应该”,用should have done.故选C。

【名师点睛】
当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有 were, should, had 时,if 可省略,而将 were, should, had等词置于句首。

如:
Should he agree to go there, we would send him there. 要是他答应去的话,我们就派他去。

Were she here, she would agree with us. 如果她在这儿的话,她会同意我们的。

Had he learnt about computers, we would have hired him to work here. 如果她懂一些电脑知识的话,我们会已经聘用他来这里工作了。

本题就是省略if,had提前的情况。

11.If you hard at school, you a college student now and would get a good job in the future.
A.had studied; would have been B.would have studied; could be
C.had studied; would be D.studied; could be
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。

句意:如果你上学时努力学习,现在就是大学生了,将来会找到一个好工作。

从句是对过去的假设用过去完成时,而主句是对现在和将来的假设用would+原形,故选C。

【名师点睛】
虚拟条件句中,主、从句的动作若不是同时发生时,要区别对待。

①从句的动作与过去事实相反,用过去时态的虚拟结构过去完成时;而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符,用现在时的虚拟形式would do。

如:
If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too. 如果我在学校学习刻苦的话,我现在也会是工程师了。

If they had informed us, we would not come here now. 如果他们通知过我们的话,我们现在就不会来这里了。

②从句的动作与现在事实相反,用现在时的虚拟形式过去时;而主句的动作与过去事实不符,用过去时态的虚拟结构would have done。

如:
If he were free today, we would have sent him to Beijing. 如果他今天有空的话,我们会已经派他去北京了。

③从句的动作与过去发生的情况相反,用过去时态的虚拟结构过去完成时;而主句的动作与现在正在发生的情况相反,用现在时的虚拟形式would do。

如:
If it had not been raining too much, the crops would be growing much better. 如果天不下太多的雨的话,庄稼会长得更好。

本题是第一种用法,从句的动作与过去事实相反,而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符,所以从句用过去完成时形式,主句用现在时和将来时形式。

12.Without your help, I ________ the first prize in the English Speaking Contest.
A.won’t get B.didn’t get
C.wouldn’t get D.wouldn’t have got
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。

句意:没有你的帮助,在英语演讲比赛中我就不会得第一名。

此处与过去的事实相反,Without your help相当于if引导的非真实条件句,故答案为D。

【名师点睛】
without引导的虚拟语气
1.与现在事实相反:
Without air,man couldn't exist on the earth.没有空气的话,人类将不能在地球上生存。

谓语动词:would/could/might (not) do sth.
2.与过去事实相反:
Without your help,I would have failed the exam last week.没有你帮助的话,我上周考试可能就通不过了。

谓语动词:would/could/might (not) have done sth.
3.与将来事实相反:
Without your ticket,I wouldn't be able to go to the concert tomorrow.要是没有你的票的话,我明天就不能去听音乐会了。

谓语动词:would/could/might (not) do sth.
13.Though his face suggested that there________ nothing serious, the doctor still suggested he ________ in bed for a few days.
A.was, stay B.was, stayed
C.be, stayed D.be, stay
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查suggest用法。

suggest表示建议的时候,后面的句子使用虚拟语气:should do构成,should可以省略;当suggest表示暗示,说明的时候,后面使用陈述语气。

第一空前的suggest意为暗示,说明,所以使用陈述语气;第二空前的suggest意为建议,后面使用虚拟语气。

结合句意可知A正确。

句意:尽管他的脸表明没有什么严重的事情,但医生还是建议他卧床几天。

故选A。

【点睛】
Suggest用法小结
1.suggest表示建议
1)suggest+doing sth.
He suggested going out for a walk.
2)suggest +(that )+主语+(should) do+sth 其中的should 可以省略
He suggested that you should go there tomorrow.
=He suggested you go there tomorrow.
注意,不可以这样说:He suggested you to go there tomorrow.也就是说suggest不可以加不定
式的复合结构.
3)it is suggested that +主语+(should )do sth.
It is suggested that the work (should) be finished at once.
4)suggestion做主语时,其后的表语从句也用这个结构即:The suggestion is that +主语
+should +do sth
His suggestion is that I should leave for Beijing immediately.
2.suggest 表示暗示或表明之意,注意此时做主语时后面的表语从句用陈述语气
Her yawn suggested that she was sleepy.她哈欠连天表明她困了。

14.They suggested that the professor ______ just now ______ chairman of the meeting. A.referring to; was made B.referring to; be made
C.referred to; be made D.referred to; was made
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
试题分析:第一个空是在考查非谓语动词作后置定语修饰the professor,refer to(关系到,涉及到,谈及)与refer to 之间的关系为被动,所以应为referred to. 第二个空是考查重点动词suggest的用法,其后的宾语从句应为虚拟的用法,即should +vt,其中should可省略,所以应为be made,故答案应为C。

考点:考查非谓语动词及重点动词的用法。

15.There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, ________ a sudden loud noise.
A.being there B.should there be
C.there was D.there having been
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气和倒装句。

句意:如果突然有很大的响声,这些动物就真的有可能会受到惊吓。

本句是一个省略了if的虚拟条件句,并且是与将来相反,从句可以使用“should+动词原形”;原句为:If there should be a sudden loud noise, these animals could be frightened.。

故选B。

16.She said she would have sent a car for me ________ that I was arriving today.
A.if it didn’t slip her mind
B.if it weren’t to slip her mind
C.had it not slipped her mind
D.shouldn’t it slipped her mind
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。

句意:她说如果她没有忘记我今天到的话,她会派车来接我的。

分析句子成分可知,she would have sent a car for me ________ that I was arriving today为宾语从句,该宾语从句中用虚拟语气,根据句意,该句与过去事实相反,从句________ that I was arriving today中应用过去完成时,该空处可填“if it hadn’t slipped her mind”。

再有,虚拟条件从句中的谓语动词如果是had,should,were 的话,可以省略连词if,且用倒装,故该句还可表述为had it not slipped her mind,选项C符合题意,故选C。

17.If she ________ generous as she makes out she would have donated more money in the catastrophe.
A.had been B.were
C.would be D.was
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。

从句首的if(如果)与主句的would have done(早就做…)可判断本题考查虚拟语气,并且根据主句时态可以判断是与现在事实相反的假设,所以if从句用一般过去式,be动词要用were。

虚拟语气中,be动词的一般过去时只能用were不能用was,故选B。

【点睛】
If条件句引导的虚拟语气,一般有三种形式。

与现在事实相反:If +主语+did(be用were),主语+would/should/might/could+动词原形。

与过去事实相反:If +主语+had done,主语
+would/should/might/could + have done。

与将来事实相反:If +主语+were to do/should do,主语+would/should/might/could+动词原形。

虚拟语气做题方法是在正常时态上往前推一个时态,用往前推了时态表达虚拟的不真实性。

只要学生记住我们上边列出的这三种形式,做题是轻而易举的。

18.If he had been working hard, he ______ in the office now. However, he didn’t.
A.would be working B.were to be working C.was working D.should work
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。

句意:如果他过去一直努力工作,现在就坐在办公室工作了。

然而,他没有。

根据“However, he didn’t.”可知,此句是混合虚拟语气。

If从句与过去事实相反,主句与现在事实相反。

与现在相反的虚拟语气的主句可用would/could/ might +动词原形。

根据语境及时间状语“now”可知,此处是指现在正在工作,因此要用进行时,故选A。

【点睛】
一、虚拟语气在if引导的条件句中的用法
虚拟语气用于表示说话人所说的并不是事实,而是一种假设或愿望,往往与事实相反。

1. 表示与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句
If+主语+动词的过去式(be用were),主语+would(should/ could/might)+动词原形
1) If I were you, I would study English.如果我是你,我就会学英语。

2)I would certainly go if I had time.如果有时间的话,我一定会去的。

2. 表示与过去事实相反的拟条件句
If+主语+ had done,主语+would(should /could/ might)+ have done
1) If you had taken my advice, you would not have missed the test. 如果你接受了我的建议,你就不会错过考试。

3.表示与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句。

If+主语+should(were to)+动词原形/动词的过去式,主语+would(could /should /might)+动词原形。

If it were to rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off. 如果明天下雨,会议就会推迟了。

二、错综时间虚拟条件句。

即条件从句与主句所指时间不一致,如从句指过去,而主句即指的是现在或将来,此时应根据具体的语境情况,结合上面提到的三种基本类型对时态作相应的调整:
If it had rained last night, the ground would be wet now. 要是昨晚下雨的话,现在地面就会是湿的。

19.This car is important to our family. We would repair it at our expense _______ it break down within the first year.
A.could B.would
C.might D.should
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词和虚拟语气。

句意:这辆车对我们家很重要。

如果在第一年内发生故障,我们将自费修理。

A. could能;B. would会;C. might也许会;D. should应该。

分析句子可知,本句为if引导的虚拟条件句,表示与将来事实相反的假设,从句为:sb should do sth,主句为:sb would/could/might/should do。

当if引导的虚拟条件从句中含有had, were, should等时,如将if省略,则要将had, were, should等移到主语前构成部分倒装句。

故D 选项正确。

【点睛】
if虚拟条件句和对应主句的动词形式列表:
当if引导的虚拟条件从句中含有had, were, should等时,如将if省略,则要将had, were, should等移到主语前构成部分倒装句。

分析句子可知,本句为if引导的虚拟条件句,表示与将来事实相反的假设,从句为:sb should do sth, 主句为:sb would/could/might/should do。

当if引导的虚拟条件从句中含有had, were, should等时,如将if省略,则要将had, were, should等移到主语前构成部分倒装句。

因前面从句已经用了would,所以主句应该用should。

故D选项正确。

20.They urged the government stick to the planned procedure.
A.would B.should C.could D.might
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查宾语从句中的虚拟语气。

句意:他们敦促政府坚持提前计划好的程序。

句子为一个宾语从句,且谓语动词“urged(催促)”含有强烈要求别人、命令别人做某事的意思,所以从句应用虚拟语气(should+动词原形)。

故选B。

【点睛】
在表示建议、命令、要求、忠告等动词的后面的宾语从句中,由于这些动词本身隐含说话者的主观意见,认为某事应该或不应该怎样,后面的“that”从句应用虚拟语气,形式为“should+动词原形”。

但事实上“should”常被省略,故此从句中谓语动词用原形,常用的此类动词有:表示“要求”的:ask, desire, request, demand, require, beg;表示“提议、劝告、建议”的:move, propose, suggest, recommend, advise, vote;表示“决定、命令”的:decide, order;表示“主张”的:maintain, urge;表示“同意、坚持”的:consent, insist等等。

本题中“urge”就是表示强烈要求的,所以宾语从句中从句部分应使用should+动词原形结构。

故选B。

21.Just my luck! _____ my umbr ella this morning, I wouldn’t be trapped here now. A.Should I take B.Had I taken C.Were I to take D.Would I take
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气的倒装。

句意:我太倒霉了!如果我今天早上带了雨伞,我现在就不会被困在这儿了。

根据句意可知,该句是虚拟语气,根据this morning判断从句是对过去情况的
虚拟,从句应用过去完成时had done表达,又从句中省略了if,故将助动词had提前,构成部分倒装句;完整结构是if I had taken ,省略之后是had I taken。

故选B项。

【点睛】
本题考查虚拟语气的倒装
在if引导的虚拟条件状语从句中,如果从句有were, had(助动词),should可以省略if然后将它们置于句首。

例如:
If I were you, I would choose to stay at home.= were I you, I would choose to stay at home.如果我是你,我就选择待在家。

If you had taken my advice yesterday, you would be better now.=had you taken my advice yesterday, you would be better now.如果你昨天听了我的话,你现在就好多了。

If it should snow tomorrow, we would make a big snowman.=should it snow tomorrow, we would make a big snowman.万一明天下雪,我们就堆个大大的雪人。

22.___________ ten years younger, I would study abroad.
A.If were I B.I were C.Were I D.Was I
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。

句意:如果我年轻十岁,我就会出国留学。

此处表示与现在事实相反的假设,从句用一般过去时(be用were),主句用would/should/could/might+动词原形,如果条件句中有were,had,should等助动词,可将if省略,将were,had或should置于句首,来表达与if引导的虚拟条件句相同的意思,故C项正确。

23.How I wish every family a large house with a beautiful garden!
A.has B.will have C.had D.had had
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。

句意:我多么希望每个家庭都有一个带着美丽花园的大房子!此句是wish
引导的从句,从句要虚拟语气,根据wish可知是与现在事实相反,从句用一般过去时。

故选C项。

24.I ___________ a full mark in the last listening exam if I hadn’t practiced it during the winter holiday.
A.didn’t got B.hadn’t got
C.wouldn’t get D.wouldn’t have got
【答案】D
【解析】
考查虚拟语气。

句意:如果我在寒假没有练习听力的话,我就不会在最近的听力考试中得满分。

分析句意可知,真正的事实是,我在寒假进行了听力练习,因而在听力考试中得了满分。

此句应使用虚拟语气,表示对过去事实的虚拟。

故已知从句部分使用过去完成时的否定形式表达虚拟(hadn’t practiced),主句应使用过去将来完成时(would have done)表达虚拟,且结合句意应使用否定形式,故选D。

25.He suggested that the book _____ returned to the library at once.
A.speaking of should be B.spoken to be C.referring to
D.referred to be
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词短语辨析、非谓语动词和虚拟语气。

句意:他建议立即把提到的那本书还给图书馆。

speak of 表示“说到”,speak to 表示“与……交谈”,refer to 表示“提及”,the book 与“提到”之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,表示被动,用过去分词作后置定语,suggest表示“建议”时,其后的宾语从句用(should)do的虚拟语气,其中should可以省略,故D项正确。

【点睛】
在表示建议、命令、要求等词后的宾语从句要用(should) do的虚拟语气,其中should可以省略,这类常见的词有:suggest, demand, command, insist, desire, order, require, insist, request,如:①We insisted that they (should) go with us. 我们坚持要他们和我们一起去。

②The villagers requested that the old building not be pulled down. 村民们要求不要拆掉那座旧建筑物。

③He demanded that we (sho uld) start right away.他要求我们马上动身。

④The doctor ordered that she (should) stay in bed for a few days. 医生命令她卧床休息几天。

26.– But for your timely warning, we _______ into great trouble.
–You know we’re friends.
A.would get B.must have got C.would have got D.have got
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。

句意:–要不是你及时的警告,我们会遇到很大的麻烦。

–你知道我们是朋友。

分析句子可知,but for表示暗含的某种的条件,是含蓄条件句,主句要用虚拟语气,本句为对过去的虚拟,应用would have done,故选C。

27.Punishments would be severe, ranging from a few years in prison to the death penalty
_______ a person be caught carrying drugs.
A.should B.would C.could D.might。

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