2021届上海市奉贤区高三英语质量抽查试卷及答案

高三英语质量抽查试卷
一、用单词的适当形式完成短文
1.Directions: After reading the passage below. Jill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word. fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word: for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Landslide Injures at least 10 in Norwegian Town of Ask
A landslide (山体滑坡)has smashed into a residential area near the Norwegian capital at midnight on Dec. 30. injuring at least 10 people, leaving 21 unaccounted for and ________(destroy) several homes, authorities said. About 700 people have been brought to safety for fear of further landslides.
The landslide cut across a road, leaving a deep gap that cars ________not pass. Video footage showed dramatic scenes including one house falling into the gap. Photographs showed at least eight destroyed homes.
Rescue workers continued to search the area for children and adults ________(believe) to have been caught in mud and debris (废墟), police said. "We're still looking for survivors? police spokesman Roger Pettersen told a news conference.
Pettersen said there were no reports of missing people, but officials could not rule out the possibility
________ there might be survivors in collapsed buildings. He said 21 people registered as living in the area arc unaccounted for.
One of the injured was seriously hurt, while nine had ________(light) injuries. Weather at the time was reported to be challenging, with snowstorm sweeping the village of Ask, ________about 5,000 people inhabited. Norway's King Harald said the landslide had made a deep impression on him. "My thoughts are with all those who are affected, injured or have lost their homes and chose who now live in fear and uncertainty of
________damage the disaster has caused," he said in a statement released by the royal palace.
The area in which Ask ________(locate) is known to have a lot of quick clay, which can change from solid to liquid from. Previous landslides have been reported in the region.
Helicopters continued to circle over the area as night fell ________ (lower) rescuers towards the debris of collapsed houses.
"There could be people trapped ... but at the same time we can't be sure________it is the new year's holiday, which means people could be elsewhere," Ema Solberg, the Norwegian Prime Minister, told reporters after visiting the site.
二、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文
2.Direction: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need
Why Dutch Officials Want You to Forget the Country of Holland
The Dutch nation has long been dealing with its identity crisis. For decades, the government used "Holland" and "the Netherlands'' ________to describe the country known for its iconic canals, tulip (郁金香)fields and windmills.
Rut starting from Jan, I, all official government communications and________materials will use the Netherlands as its name.
The government has been working on a campaign that might________the country's image in the face of growing international competition for the past 18 months, said Ingrid de Beer, the head of the public diplomacy section in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. "Our international image faces some challenges," she said. Research showed that many people do not know of the Netherlands or have ________concepts of the country. Young people, particularly those in countries farther away, are unfamiliar with the country.
The Kingdom of the Netherlands consists of 12 provinces, two of which — Noord (North) Holland and Zuid (South) Holland make up Holland. Amsterdam, which ________about) 9 million travelers annually, and Keukenhof, one of the world's largest flower gardens and a popular attraction, are both in the Holland region.
The country's tourism board,________to handle millions of tourists, stopped promoting its most famous attractions in favor of trying to encourage travelers to go to lesser-known destinations, according to a 2021 report. By 2030. the report predicted, the Netherlands could see ________of up to 42 million tourists - an enormous number for a country of 17 million.
The region of Holland has________contributed the most to the country's economy and wealth, resulting in its name commonly being used to indicate the entire country.
But not anymore, the Dutch government insists. "We are fully aware that internationally, a strong image of the Netherlands contributes to achieving political objectives, promoting trade, attracting talent, investment and tourists and encouraging cultural and scientific ________," Ms. de Beer said.
Part of the campaign includes an updated logo, a "NL"________to look like an orange-tulip, according to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The logo replaces the "Holland tulip/ which was created by the tourism board 25 years ago and used to promote the country.
三、完形填空
3.完形填空
As consumers, we are very wasteful. Annually, the world generates 1.3 billion ions of solid waste. This is expected to go up to 2.2 billion by 2025. The developed countries are 1 for 44% of waste, and in the U.S. alone, the average person throws away their body weight in rubbish every month.
Traditional wisdom would seem to suggest that companies have no interest in 2 the life cycle of their products and reduce the revenue (营收)they would get from selling new goods. 3 , more and more businesses are thinking about how to reduce consumer waste. This is 4 driven by the rising price of raw materials and metals. Also, both consumers and companies becoming more aware of the need to protect our environment is another force that contributes.
When choosing what products to buy and which brands to buy from, more and more consumers are looking into sustainability, which is 5 just price and performance they were concerned about in the past. In a survey of 54 of the world's leading brands, almost all of them reported that consumers are showing increasing care about environmental lifestyles. At the same time, surveys on consumers in the U.S. and the U.K. show that they also care about 6 energy use and reducing waste.
7 , consumers control what happens to a product. But some companies are starting to realize that placing the burden of recycling entirely on the consumer is not an effective strategy, especially when
8 something seems like the easiest and most convenient option.
Some retailers and manufacturers in the clothing, footwear, and electronics industries have launched
9 programs, They want to make their customers interested in 10 their products and preventing things that still have value from going to the landfill. By offering services to help expand the longevity of their products, they're promising quality and 11 to consumers, and receiving the
12 gains for being environmentally friendly and socially responsible.
Enormous opportunities also 13 e-waste. It is estimated that in 2021 the world produced some 42 million metric tons of e-waste (discarded electrical and electronic equipment and its parts) with North America and Europe accounting for 8 and 12 million metric tons 14 . The materials from
e-waste include iron, copper, gold, silver, and aluminum-materials that could be reused, resold, recovered, or recycled. Together, the value of these metals is estimated to be about $52 billion. Electronics giants like BestBuy and Samsung have provided e-waste 15 programs over the past few years, which aim to refurbish (翻新)old electronic components and parts into new products.
1. A. forgivable B. accountable C. tolerable D. remarkable
2. A. altering B. lengthening C. obeying D. upsetting
3. A. Therefore B. Somehow C. Yet D. Otherwise
4. A. partly B. barely C. precisely D. exclusively
5. A. bridged with B. subjected to C. opposed to D. associated with
6. A. minimizing B. maintaining C. stimulating D. deserting
7. A. On the contrary B. Above all C. For example D. In most cases
8. A. modifying B. wrecking C. dumping D. restoring
9. A. sustainable B. compulsory C. economic D. educational
10. A. insuring B. substituting C. concealing D. preserving
11. A. accessibility B. productivity C. affordability D. durability
12. A. profitable B. emotional C. predictable D. reputational
13. A. lie in B. stand for C. consist of D. result in
14. A. respectively B. dramatically C. evenly D. thoroughly
15. A. take-back B. give-away C. clean-up D. cut-downcut-down
四、阅读选择
4.阅读理解
Not long after Tony Berlin began working at the state driver's license facility in Niles in 1985, he noticed that some truck drivers who should have failed their exams mysteriously passed them. For six years, starting in 1992, he collected evidence to show why: He believed truck drivers were bribing state workers to get licenses. In another turn of the screw, the workers were using those bribes to buy tickets to the then secretary of state George Ryan's fundraisers, including for his successful bid for governor. Berlin tried to expose the corruption (腐败)-he went to the FBI and the upper ranks of the secretary of state's office - but was repeatedly met with indifference. Then he began to suspect that the truck driver in a 1994 accident that killed six children, all from the same family, got his license through the scheme. In a moment that changed everything, Berlin reached out to the Reverend Scott Willis, the children's father.
It was his call to Willis that connected the crash to what would become known as the licenses — for —bribes scandal (丑闻), "Berlin's the one who started it says the Willises' lawyer. A few months after that phone call, the U.S. attorney's office initiated Operation Safe Road, an ongoing federal investigation that by the end of November had disclosed 34 offenses.
The investigation ultimately netted 75 offenses, including that of Dean Bauer, Ryan's inspector general. He pleaded guilty in 2001 to obstructing (阻碍)justice and was sentenced to 12 months in. prison. Bui the biggest catch was Ryan himself, who was sentenced in 2006 to six and a half years tor fraud and blackmailing. As for Berlin, he continued to work a stale license facilities, in Streator and Pontiac, choosing to stay out of the public eye.
〔1〕What initially caused Tony Berlin to investigate the licenses — for — bribes scandal?
A.Truck drivers, bribing slate workers.
B.Truck drivers, licenses being granted too freely.
C.His working at the state driver's license facility.
D.The truck driver's killing six children in a 1994 accident.
〔2〕According to Tony Berlin, the bribes ultimately ran into.
A.buying driving licenses
B.George Ryan's fundraising
C.covering the loss of the Willises
D.supporting the federal investigation
〔3〕Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A.Tony's calling Willis was a turning point in the whole bribing case.
B.Tony Berlin became a household name after the exposure of the scandal.
C.the FBI failed to take serious action the first time Berlin asked for investigation.
D.George Ryan, the biggest criminal behind the scene, was sentenced to years in jail. 〔4〕According to the passage, which of the following can best describe Tony Berlin?
A.Perseverant, dutiful and tame-thirsty.
B.Strong-willed, cooperative and sociable.
C.Responsible, aggressive and merciless.
D.Determined, right-minded and courageous.
5.阅读理解
We understand that in light of the latest government CORONAVIRUS TRAVEL ADVICE, your travel plans will be changing. To reflect this, some terms & conditions for refunding tickets or changing journeys are different to usual.
Refunds on Unused Tickets for Travel
• You can apply for refunds up to four weeks from the last day that the ticket was valid.
• Unused Anytime, Off-Peak and Super Off-Peak tickets can be refunded and a service fee applies. Advance tickets are not refundable. Alternatively, you can change your ticket io travel at a later date — See 'Changing Tickets or Requesting a Travel Voucher' below.
• PLEASE NOTE that if the train you are booked on docs not ran or is canceled due to irresistible forces, refund: will be made on ALL TICKETS TYPES with no service fee.
If you are uncertain about travelling, you may wish to consider purchasing a more flexible ticket — such as Anytime or Off-Peak - for travel.
Changing Tickets or Requesting a Travel Voucher
• If you bought an Advance ticket before the Natio nal Lockdown was announced on 4lh January and will no longer be travelling, you should apply for a travel voucher or reschedule your journey free of charge. You need to do this be lore your first train departs and pay the difference if your new ticket is more expensive. Please note you will not be entitled to a travel voucher if your Advance ticket was purchased after 4lh Jan. Speak to the original retailer of your ticket for advice.
• Anytime, Off-Peak and Super Off-Peak tickets are more flexible and can be changed any time before you travel There is no fee to change these tickets. you will only need to pay any difference in fare.
Refunding Season Tickets
•Unexpired(未逾期的)Season Tickets can be submitted for refund at any time and train companies calculate how much is refunded by bow much value is left on your ticket, they do this by deducting (扣除)the value of any other tickets you could have travelled with in the same lime until you stopped using and return your Season Ticket Refunds can only be backdated with evidence that illness prevented you from travelling. (National Rail Conditions of Travel. Condition 40.4).
• To see how much you could get back from your Season Ticket, try the Season Ticket Refund Calculator below. For more information, including if you require a refund due to sickness that prevented you from using a Season Ticket see the link here,
• Customers can still claim refunds remotely online, minimizing contact between customers and staffs keeping everyone safer. Please see your retailer's website for details.
Travelling on Another Train Company's Service
• In areas where there is cancellation, train companies may agree acceptance of tickets routed via an other company For more details, please contact your rail service provider.
〔1〕Passengers are entitled to their money back on________.
A.Anytime tickets completely free of charge
B.Oil-Peak tickets with no restrictions
C.Advance tickets for their train not running
D.Super Off-Peaks that went invalid for half a year
〔2〕A Season ticket holds more refundable value only when________.
A.train companies refuse to calculate the value that is left on it
B.you formally apply to cease using the ticket and hand it back
C.you use the Season Ticket Refund Calculator on the website
D.the proof is given that you were unable to travel due to illness
〔3〕We can learn from the passage that ________ .
A.Advance tickets purchased after Jan. 4th can also be rescheduled
B.passengers with a fixed timetable are advised to buy Anytime tickets
C.safer approaches to refund have been introduced to limit physical contact
D.service from another train company is not available if your train get cancelled
6.阅读理解
The urgency and importance of Covid-19 over (he past year have driven almost everything else from most leaders5 minds. But since the vaccine is kicking in, Britain's government is once again beginning to think about the things that will matter later. Next week, it is expected to publish a 'plan for growth" to boost productivity, with innovation at its centre.
The world may be on the point of a technological boom with life sciences, at which Britain excels. Innovation is crucial to productivity, but on this front Britain's performance has lagged behind its competitors' in recent years. Its low spending on Research and Development (R&D) argues for a boost. Those who attributed the financial failure in the 1970s to the insufficiency of research funds may regard this as a threat to economic growth. Promoting innovation can quickly (um into an exercise in picking winners - or, as is more often the case, losers.
A second danger is that policy agendas get mixed up. The government has promised to "level up" poorer areas of the country, so deprived towns arc campaigning for more money for their universities. But trying to boost innovation by sending money to weak institutions is likely to make our leading universities lose their advantages, thus producing average ideas that could have been remarkable. Britain's research-funding system has always been elitist(精英主义的). It should stay that way.
The government's first move in boosting innovation was the announcement of a plan for an Advanced Research and Invention Agency (ARIA). ARlA's purpose is to fund high-risk, high-reward research. But money is not all that mailers. The successful translation of life science research into treatments during the pandemic suggests some inexpensive measures that can also make a difference.
One is to speed up governmental processes. The rapidity with which Britain's medical regulator moved during the pandemic is one reason why the vaccine rollout is racing through the population. Urgency is not unique lo pandemics. Getting things done quickly can make an investment worthwhile and determine where a businessman chooses as a base.
Another useful measure the government should use is its unique ability to overcome barriers. At the beginning of the pandemic. Covid-19 researchers were unable to gain access to different strands of health service data. The government eased restrictions on existing data and allowed researchers to ask people who had tested positive tor Covid-19 to join trials. Both were crucial to the effort.
A last principle is the value of connections between the government and the private sector. Kate Bingham, a venture capitalist who led the vaccine-purchase effort, understood how to deal with drug companies. Many of the civil servants working with her had commercial experience. The governments closeness to business during the pandemic has been criticized. But without it, the vaccine effort would not have succeeded.
Innovation took human beings from caves to computers. Good education, a welcoming immigration policy and a friendly business environment will do most to tend it. But a new sensible principles can help keep the flame burning.
〔1〕What docs the underlined word "this" in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A.Investing insufficient money in innovation.
B.Promoting innovation in technology.
C.Applying science results to practical uses.
D.Distributing funds to weak institutions.
〔2〕What's the possible consequence of the British government's attempt to "level up'' poorer areas?
A.Britain's research-funding system will remain elitist.
B.Weak institutions are more likely to produce remarkable results.
C.The outstanding universities will be unable to exhibit remarkable ideas.
D.Both poor and rich areas in the country will develop in a balanced way.
〔3〕What can be inferred from the three principles put forward by the writer?
A.A businessman is more willing to set up business where governments show high efficiency.
B.The administrative abilities are so unique to the government that they actually yield little fruit.
C.The government ceased the cooperation with private sectors for the criticism they had received.
D.The rollout of the vaccine was made possible mainly because the public responded quickly.
〔4〕What's the best title of the passage?
A.How Governments Fuel the Sparks of Innovation
B.Why the Brits Struggle in the Tech Race
C.How Governments Benefit from Innovation
D.What People Gain with the Light of Technology
五、任务型阅读
7.任务型阅读
China's Entering a New Era of AI
They have beaten us at chess and co-written a Europop album with human beings. Now computers are taking a step into a very human territory: the reading comprehension test, a headache of schoolchildren everywhere. Alibaba on Monday said its artificial outperformed mortals (凡人) in a global reading comprehension.
Luo Si, chef scientist of natural language processing at Alibaba's research department, the Institute of Data Science of Technologies, called the machines' victory "a milestone".________Some of these uses are already being handled by chatbots globally.
In the test administered last week, companies subjected their artificial intelligence systems to questions from the Stanford Question Answering Dataset, which assessed reading comprehension. ________In top place were
Microsoft, the US software giant, and Alibaba, the Chinese tech group that began with e-commerce and is - like its peers at home and abroad investing more funds into AI.
________Baidu made an early bet on AI. and is leading its rivals in autonomous driving, some of which was on show at Customer Electronics Show in Las Vegas. Tencent, which boasts of I billion monthly active users on its social media WeChat app, and Alibaba have adopted AI in operations such as customizing news and ads, and are investing in new fields.
China aims to make use of its vast treasures of data, collected from its 1.4 billion population including 730 million who are online, and deep pockets to overtake the US in creating a SI50 billion industry that is seen as the next industrial revolution. Excitedly, AI is already being applied in many fields from driverless cars to text analysis. ________The most asked ones include "Where's my package?" especially on Alibaba's Single Day shopping festival.
A. Though China s drive is led by government, it is cultivating homegrown tech giants to leap ahead of the US.
B. Private investment in the AI sector has been expanding 62 percent a year on average for the past four years.
C. The technology has many applications, from customer service to museum tutorials to medical inquiries.
D. The computers' answers to the questions were compared against average human responses and ranked.
E. For example, this technology has already been used to answer general questions on e-commerce platforms.
F. Like all utilities, AI will be boring, even as it transforms the Internet, the global economy, and civilization.
六、概要写作
8.Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
What You Will Need to Live to 100
A new approach to retirement preparation known as “longevity planning〞has been on the rise for years, with the global population of centenarians (B1岁老人)steadily growing. In about 40 years, the number of people 100 and older will be six times as high as it is now. What, as you may wonder, enhances longevity? While a previous study underlined the link between longevity and higher education, having a degree doesn't necessarily guarantee you a longer lief. Actually, the growth in the 100-plus age group are more likely to result from a combination of improved lifestyle factors.
Genetic, as new research has revealed, is a force that cannot go ignored. Dr. Peris of medicine and geriatrics at Boston University points out that longevity is not distributed equally. Being blessed with the certain genetic component that extend your life span is like winning the lottery. Only one in 5000 is lucky enough to possess the magical power that help make it to the century mark. Rare as it may appear, the genetic component is a factor in 40 percent to 50 percent of people who make it to 100 and 70 percent for those reaching 106.
Deliberate mental, social and physical activities during retirement also matter. That means continuing to learn new things, staying involved in the community and working to some degree. Activity is critically important, said Mitch Anthony, a consultant in Rochester, who trains financial planners in life planning. People tend to do best when they remain socially and mentally vibrant.
The research continues to uncover that despite their struggle to identity how they improve longevity, most of the researchers agree that purpose and meaning throughout life provide people with better chances to live longer. These factors may offer a mental and possibly physical shelter from stressful events in life. Having purpose in life may motivate refraining stressful situations to deal with them more productively, thereby facilitating recovery from stress and disorder.
七、汉译英〔整句〕
9.运动的人不大可能有睡眠障碍。

(likely) (汉译英〕
10.这位外科医生还没来得及好好休息就立即投入到下一场手术中。

(before) (汉译英〕
11.这个时期的文学作品反映出我国人民在面临民族危机时不屈不挠的情神.(mirror) (汉译英〕
12.那位作家把书房看作是私人领域和精神家园，在那里，他可以坐拥书籍之乐，将尘世烦恼抛诸脑
后。

(leave) (汉译英〕
八、提纲类作文
13.Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是明启中学的李华，你的好友王磊为了考人理想的大学，每天挑灯夜战，分秒必争，不仅无视了体育锻炼，甚至连三餐也随意敷衍，请你给他写一封电子邮件，表达你的担忧，提出合理建议并说明理由。

答案解析局部
一、用单词的适当形式完成短文
1.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了挪威阿斯小镇发生山体滑坡的情况。

【点评】考查语法填空，此题考点涉及非谓语动词，情态动词，同位语从句，形容词，定语从句，宾语从句，时态语态，状语从句以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生在理解细节信息的根底上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

二、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文
2.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了荷兰正式使用the Netherlands作为其名称，并解释用此名称的原因。

【点评】考查选词填空，考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。

最后通读一遍检查验证。

三、完形填空
3.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了消费者每年生产大量的垃圾，造成了资源的浪费。

一些企业提出可持续方案，他们希望让客户对即存的产品感兴趣，并防止仍然有价值的东西进入垃圾填埋场。

【点评】考查完型填空，此题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的根底上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。

四、阅读选择
4.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了托尼·柏林因卡车执照发放太随意促使他展开一系列的调查，最终揭露了政府贪污腐败行为。

【点评】此题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

5.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了在疫情期间退票或改程的一些条款和条件。

【点评】此题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

5.(1)考查细节理解。

根据文章第三个黑点“• PLEASE NOTE that if the train you are boo ked on docs not ran or is canceled due to irresistible forces, refund：will be made on ALL TICKETS TYPES with no service fee.〞•请注意，如果您在单据上预订的列车没有运行或由于不可抗拒的力量而被取消，所有类型的车票都将获得退款，不收取效劳费。

可知，火车停运时，乘客有权凭预售票退票。

应选C。

5.(2)考查细节理解。

根据倒数第四个黑点“Unexpired(未逾期的)Season Tickets can be submitted for refund at any time and train companies calculate how much is refunded by bow much value is left on your ticket, they do this by deducting (扣除)the value of any other tickets you could have travelled with in the same lime until you stopped using and return your Season. Refunds can only be backdated with evidence that illness prevented you from travelling. “未到期的季票可以随时提交退款，火车公司通过你的车票上还剩多少钱计算退款多少，他
们会扣除你在同一线路上可能使用的任何其他车票的价钱计算剩余的钱，直到你停止使用并退掉你的季票，只有有证据说明你因生病而不能旅行时，才能退钱。

可知，只有当你证明你因病不能旅行时，季票才有更多的可退还价值。

应选D。

5.(3)考查推理判断。

根据倒数第二个黑点“Customers can still claim refunds remotely online, minimizing contact between customers and staffs keeping everyone safer.〞客户仍然可以远程在线申请退款，减少客户和员工之间的联系，确保每个人都更平安。

可知，为了限制身体接触，已经引入了更平安的退款方法。

应选C。

6.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了英国政府预计并以创新为中心，发布“增长方案〞以提高生产力，并着重介绍了创新应该遵守的原那么。

【点评】此题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，代词指代和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇经济类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的根底上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

五、任务型阅读
7.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过介绍机器人下棋打败了人介绍了人工智能。

在人工智能方面位居榜首的是美国软件巨头微软，以及中国科技集团阿里巴巴。

阿里巴巴以电子商务起家，并与国内外同行一样，向AI投资了更多资金。

百度很早就押注于人工智能，目前在自动驾驶领域领先于竞争对手。

人工智能被视为下一场工业革命，已经被应用于从无人驾驶汽车到文本分析的许多领域。

【点评】考查任务型阅读，本文是一篇科技类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的根底上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

六、概要写作
8.【解析】【分析】此题是一篇概要写作。

写作步骤：
1〕细读原文。

首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握文章主旨。

文章说明了长寿一方面是基因的原因，另一方面生活方式也能延长寿命。

要有社交，人生的目的和意义也起很大作用。

2〕弄清结构，归纳段意。

概要写作是写全文概要，不是写某一局部的概要，或者就某些问题写出要点。

3〕列出原文要点。

分析原文的内容和结构，将内容分项扼要表述并注意在结构上的顺序。

在此根底上选出与文章主题密切相关的局部。

4〕在写作时要特别注意下面几点：
〔1〕概要应包括原文中的主要事实，略去不必要的细节。

〔2〕安排好篇幅的比例，概要应同原文保持协调，即用较多的文字写重要内容，用较少的文字写次要内容。

〔3〕注意要点之间的衔接，要用适当的关联词语贯穿全文，切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子，但也不要每两句之间都加关联词语，以免显得生硬。

〔4〕不排斥用原文的某些词句，但不要照搬原文的句子，如果不能完全用自己的话语表达，至少对原文句子做一些同义词替换，如果结构上也能有一些转换会更好。

〔5〕计算词数，看是否符合规定的词数要求。

【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动饱满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，表达了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。

例如：Version 1局部中的：First, retirees' active participation in activities prolongs their lives as they benefit socially and mentally.。