(英语)高考英语翻译答题技巧及练习题(含答案)(1)

（英语）高考英语翻译答题技巧及练习题(含答案)(1)
一、高中英语翻译
1．高中英语翻译题：Translation: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．究竟是什么激发小王学习电子工程的积极性？(motivate)
2．网上支付方便了客户，但是牺牲了他们的隐私。

(at the cost of)
3．让我的父母非常满意的是，从这个公寓的餐厅可以俯视街对面的世纪公园，从起居室也可以。

(so)
4．博物馆疏于管理，展品积灰，门厅冷落，急需改善。

(whose)
【答案】
1．What on earth has motivated Xiao Wang’s enthusiasm/ initiative to major in electronic engineering?
2．Online payment brings convenience to consumers at the cost of their privacy.
3．To my parents’ satisfac tion, the dining room of this apartment overlooks the Century Park opposite the street and so it is with the sitting room.
或者What makes my parents really satisfy is that they can see the Century Park from the dining room of this apartment, so can they from the living room.
4．This museum is not well managed, whose exhibits are covered with dust, and there are few visitors, so everything is badly in need of improvement.
或The museum whose management is reckless, whose exhibits are piled with dust and whose lobby is deserted, requires immediate improvement.
【解析】
1．motivate sb to do sth 激发某人做某事，on earth究竟，major in 以…为专业，enthusiasm/ initiative热情/积极性，故翻译为What on earth has motivated Xiao Wang’s enthusiasm/ initiative to major in electronic engineering?
2．online payment网上支付，brings convenience to给…带来方便，at the cost of以…为代价，privacy隐私，故翻译为Online payment brings convenience to consumers at the cost of their privacy.
3．To my parents’ satisfaction令我父母满意的是，后者也那样so it is with。

也可以用主语从句What makes my parents really satisfy 表语从句thatthey can see the Century Park from the dining room of this apartment。

overlooks俯视，opposite the street街对面，living room 起居室。

故翻译为To my parents’ satisfaction, the dining room of this apartment overlooks the Century Park opposite the street and so it is with the sitting room.或者What makes my parents really satisfy is that they can see the Century Park from the dining room of this apartment, so can they from the living room.
4．not well managed/ management is reckless疏于管理，be covered with dust/ be piled with dust被灰尘覆盖，few visitors游客稀少，be badly in need of improvement/ requires immediate improvement亟需改善。

故翻译为his museum is not well managed, whose exhibits
are covered with dust, and there are few visitors, so everything is badly in need of improvement.或The museum whose management is reckless, whose exhibits are piled with dust and whose lobby is deserted, requires immediate improvement.
2．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brakes.
1．网球运动在上海越来越流行了。

（popular）
2．我认为你们的建议和他们的一样有价值。

（as…as）
3．只喝一杯咖啡就会使我整晚睡不着。

（keep）
4．为了纪念那些勇敢的消防战士，一部电影即将开拍。

（memory）
5．过了三天她才想起把雨衣忘在语言实验室了。

（remember）
6．尽管山高林密，医护人员还是迅速地赶到出事地点，试试救援。

（despite）
【答案】
1．Tennis is getting more and more popular in Shanghai.
2．I think your suggestion is as valuable as theirs.
3．Drinking only a cup of coffee will keep me awake all night.
4．A film will be made/ shot in memory of those brave fire fighters.
5．It was three days later that she remembered leaving/having left her raincoat in the language lab.
6．Despite the high mountains and thick forests, the doctors and nurses rushed to the scene of the accident for the rescue/to carry out the rescue.
【解析】
【分析】
翻译题要力争做到译文的正确、准确、地道三个要求。

正确就是译文没有明显的语言错误，准确是指考生能运用合适的词汇和句式完整的表述原意，地道是指译文不但无语言错误，而且用此选句符合英语习惯，意义表达生动灵活。

所以，做翻译题时要综合运用词句知识，注意词汇的习惯搭配和句子时态、语态、人称和句式的选择。

1．表示“越来越……”，英语的表达方式为“比较级+and+比较级用于进行时里中。

2．表示“与……一样……”应该用“as+ adj./adv原级+as…”结构。

3．本句要注意两点：1. 动名词用作主语的用法；2. keep + sb./sth. + adj (做宾补)使……保持某种状态。

4．“为了纪念……”应选用“in the memory of”固定短语来表达。

5．解答本题要注意两点：1. 强调句型的运用；2. remember doing sth.记住做过某事。

6．本句较为复杂，除了掌握despite作为介词可以接名词构成介词短语作状语外，还要注意句中谓语动词的准确选择和时态的确定，最后还要注意“实施援救”这一目的状语的表达。

3．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in
the brackets.
1．我习惯睡前听点轻音乐。

(accustomed)
2．将来过怎样的生活取决于你自己。

(be up to)
3．没有什么比获准参加太空旅行项目更令人兴奋的了。

(than)
4．家长嘱咐孩子别在河边嬉戏，以免遭遇不测。

(for fear)
5．虽然现代社会物资丰富，给予消费者更多的选择，但也使不少人变成购物狂。

(turn)
【答案】
1．I’m accustomed to listening to some light music before sleep.
2．It’s up to you what kind of life will lead in the future.
3．There is nothing more exciting than being allowed to take part in the space travel programme. 4．Parents ask their kids not to play by the river for fear that something terrible might happen. 5．While modern society, rich in material resources,has given consumers more choice, it turns many of them into crazy shoppers.
【解析】试题分析：
1．翻译这句话的时候，注意词组：be accustomed to doing“习惯于做……”。

2．这句话使用了句型：It’s up to you +从句，“做….由某人决定”。

这里what kind of life will lead in the future.是主语从句，it是形式主语。

3．这句话使用了There be句型， nothing 后面是形容词做定语，因为是比较的含义用形容词的比较级more exciting，还有词组“被允许做”be allowed to ，以及词组“参加”：take part in 。

4．这句话使用了for fear that 引导目的状语从句，和词组“让某人不要做……”ask sb. not to do.
5．这句话使用了连词While 表示“尽管，虽然”。

词组“富含”be rich in ，主句中使用了词组turn…. into …..“将…变成…”。

考点：考查翻译句子
4．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．一股诱人的味道唤起了我们遥远的记忆。

(remind)
________________________
2．每个人应当牢记:己所不欲，勿施于人。

(mind)
________________________
3．他如此醉心于古文化研究，这几年一直以健康为代价坚持工作着。

(So)
________________________
4．不久之后，地铁5号线奉贤段即将通车，这让翘首以盼的奉贤人民激动不已。

(before) ________________________
【答案】
1． An inviting smell reminds us of the distant memories.
2． Everyone should bear/keep in mind that we should treat people the way (in which/that) we want to be treated.
3． So absorbed/devoted is he in/to the study of ancient cultures that he has
persevered/perseveres in working at the cost of his health these years.
4．It won’t be long before the Underground/Subway/Metro Line 5 in Fengxian is open to traffic, which excites the Fengxian people who have been looking/are looking forward to it. 【解析】
1．固定词组：remind sb. of sth.“提醒某人某物”，再结合所给汉语可知答案为An inviting smell reminds us of the distant memories.
2．固定词组：bear/keep in mind“记住”，后面是that引导的宾语从句，且从句中包含the way作先行词的定语从句，再根据所给汉语可知答案为Everyone should bear/keep in mind that we should treat people the way (in which/that) we want to be treated.
3．句中so…that引导的结果状语从句，“so+形容词”位于句子开头，则主句用部分倒装，再根据所给汉语可知答案为So absorbed/devoted is he in/to the study of ancient cultures that he has persevered/perseveres in working at the cost of his health these years.
4．句中使用固定句式It won’t be long before---“不久之后就……”，再根据所给汉语可知答案为It won’t be long before the Underground/Subway/Metro Line 5 in Fengxian is open to traffic, which excites the Fengxian people who have been looking/are looking forward to it.
【点睛】
浅谈两点部分倒装
1.“so+形容词或副词”位于句首时的倒装：
副词so后接形容词或副词位于句首时，其后用部分倒装：
如：So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home. 天气太冷，我们只好呆在家里。

2.“So+助动词+主语”倒装：
当要表示前面提出的某一肯定的情况也同样适合于后者，通常就要用“So+助动词+主语”这种倒装结构：
如：You are young and so am I. 你年轻，我也年轻。

注：(1)若前面提出某一否定的情况，要表示后者也属于同样的否定情况，则应将其中的so 改为neither或nor：
如：You aren't young and neither am I. 你不年轻，我也不年轻。

(2)注意该结构与表示强调或同意的“so+主语+特殊动词”结构的区别：
如："It was cold yesterday." "So it was."“昨天很冷。

”“的确很冷。

”
5．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．今年除夕你计划在哪里过？(plan)
2．下雨天上海的道路总是比平时更拥堵。

(than)
3．是一个外国人不顾自己的安危救了那个轻生的男子。

(It)
4．那天傍晚我一走出校门就遇到了一个多年不见的小学同班同学。

(No sooner)
5．无论谁想要成功必先明白这个道理“成功来自艰苦的付出和坚持不懈”。

(Whoever)
【答案】
1．Where are you planning to celebrate the New Year’s Eve this year?
2．Roads in Shanghai always get/become more crowded /hold up more traffic than usual on rainy days.
3．It was a foreigner that/who saved the man trying/who tried to kill himself/ commit suicide without considering his own safety.
4．No sooner had I left the school that early evening than I met with/bumped into/came across/encountered a classmate of mine in primary school (whom) I hadn’t seen for ages/years. 5．Whoever wants to be successful should first understand the principle that success comes from hard effort/work and persistence/perseverance.
【解析】
1．本题提示词为plan，除夕翻译为“New Year’s Eve”。

2．本题考查比较级，“比平时”翻译为“than usual”.
3．本题考查强调句、定语从句和非谓语的翻译。

首先强调句结构“it is(was)…that/who” ；那个轻生的男子,需要处理为定语从句，翻译为“the man who tried to kill himself/ commit suicide”; 不顾“without considering”.
4．倒装句和定语从句的翻译。

一…就“No sooner had sb．done sth．than sb．did sth.”; 多年不见的小学同学可以处理成定语从句，翻译为“(whom) I hadn’t seen for ages/years.”；5．本题考查主语从句和同位语的翻译，句子结构比较复杂。

首先“无论谁想要成功”用主语从句“Whoever wants to be successful”。

其次，“这个道理“成功来自艰苦的付出和坚持不懈”这半句话涉及使用同位语从句。

理清关系后，本句也并没有想象中那么复杂。

6．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．女孩子们没有必要在深夜为了省钱而去拼车。

（need n.）
2．在现代社会中，年轻人承受着巨大的压力，这会导致平均寿命的缩短。

(which)
3．他在联合国大会上关于消除性别歧视的演讲获得了高度赞扬。

(compliment)
4．他在最后期限到之前全身心投入论文的写作，最终因为劳累病了。

( down)
【答案】
1． There is no need for girls to share a car at midnight to save money.
2． Young people are under a lot of stress in the modern society, which will result in/ cause/ lead to the shortening of average life expectance.
3． His speech on eliminating gender prejudice at the conference in the United Nations received great compliments.
4． He had been devoted to the essay writing before the deadline and eventually was down with tiredness.
【解析】
【分析】
本题考查翻译句子，注意一些固定短语和固定句型的使用，同时也要注意名词单复数及非谓语动词。

1．本题的难点在于There is no need for sb to do句型，注意拼车可以用share a car来表示。

2．本题的难点在于非限定性定语从句的使用，under stress表示“承受压力”。

3．本题需要注意compliment是可数名词，此处要使用复数形式。

4．本题需要注意be devoted to后需要接动名词或名词作宾语，be down with表示“由于……病倒了”。

7．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．他排了好几个小时才买到这个新出的iPhone。

（release）
2．一件雕塑赠予了城市博物馆，以纪念两个城市间的珍贵友谊。

（present）
3．他一进饭店，就被告知这家饭店可以手机扫二维码点餐。

（Hardly）
4．虽说忠言逆耳利于行，这个年纪的孩子很叛逆，你越劝，他可能越不会听。

（advice）
【答案】
1．He waited for (several) hours in line/ queued for several hours before he bought/ got the newly-released iPhone./ Having waited/ after waiting for hours in line, he finally bought the newly-released iPhone.
2．A statue/ sculpture was presented to City Musuem/ the museum in this city in honour of/ in memory of/ in remembrance of / to commemorate / to honour the valuable/ precious friendship between the two cities.
3．Hardly had he entered the restaurant when he was informed/ told that he could order the food by scanning the code/ QR code with his mobile phone./use his mobile phone to scan the QR code to order the food.
4．Although faithful/ frank/ honest advice is unpleasant to ear but beneficial to one's behaviour, children of this age are so rebellious that the more advice you give him, the less likely he is to follow it./ The more you try to persuade him, the less likely he is to listen to you.
【解析】
1．考查时态和过去分词作定语。

根据汉语提示可知，本句的基础时态是一般过去时；“排队”wait…in line/ queue，“新出的iPhone”the newly-released iPhone，其中一个时间状语从句“过了……才……”…before…；本句还可用“排了好几小时队”的现在分词形式作为伴随状语，再结合其他汉语提示，本句可译为：He had waited for (several) hours in line/ queued for several hours before he bought/ got the newly-released iPhone. Having waited/ after waiting for hours in line, he finally bought the newly-released iPhone.
2．考查被动语态和短语。

根据汉语提示可知，本句的基础时态是一般过去时；“以纪念”in memory of/ in remembrance of/ to commemorate/ to honor，“珍贵的友谊”precious/ valuable
friendship，雕塑 (statue/sculpture)和赠与(present)之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，再结合其它汉语提示，故本句可译为：A statue/ sculpture was presented to City Musuem/ the museum in this city in honour of/ in memory of/ in remembrance of/ to commemorate/ to honour the valuable/ precious friendship between the two cities.
3．考查部分倒装和被动语态。

根据汉语提示可知，本句的基础时态是一般过去时；“一……就……”hardly…when…，hardly置于句首时要部分倒装，“告知某人做某事”inform/tell sb. to do sth.，“使用手机扫描二维码”use his mobile phone to scan the QR code/ scan the QR code with his mobile phone，再结合其它汉语提示，故本句可译为：Hardly had he entered the restaurant when he was informed / told that he could order the food by scanning the code / QR code with his mobile phone./use his mobile phone to scan the QR code to order the food.
4．考查让步状语从句和固定句型。

根据提示可知，本句的基础时态是一般现在时；“忠言”faithful/ frank/ honest advice，“越……越……”the + 比较级，the + 比较，“这个年纪的孩子”children of this age，“很有可能做某事”be likely to do sth.，“叛逆的”rebellious，“听取某人的建议”foll ow one's advice，再结合其它汉语提示，故本句可译为：Although faithful/ frank/ honest advice is unpleasant to ear but beneficial to one's behaviour, children of this age are so rebellious that the more advice you give him, the less likely he is to follow it./ The more you try to persuade him, the less likely he is to listen to you.
【点睛】
第三小题考查固定句型hardly…when…“一……就……”，该句型在时态上有要求，即主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时，如把hardly置于句首时，主语要部分倒装。

例如：
I had hardly fallen asleep when I lay on the bed.我一躺在床上就睡着了。

→Hardly had I fallen asleep when I lay on the bed.
和它用法一样的句型还有no sooner…than…和scarcely…when…，例如：
I had no sooner fallen asleep than I lay on the bed.我一躺在床上就睡着了。

→No sooner had I fallen asleep than I lay on the bed.
8．高中英语翻译题：Translation
1．这些保存完好的历史建筑让游客们流连忘返。

(reluctant)
2．教师对学生所产生的影响对于学生的未来发展来说可能意味着成与败的区别。

(impact) 3．中国政治和经济实力的提升如此之快，学中文的外国人越来越多。

(So)
4．好的爱情是你通过一个人看到整个世界，坏的爱情是你为了一个人舍弃了整个世界。

(while)
【答案】
1．The well-preserved historical buildings make the tourists reluctant to leave.
2．The impact that the teachers have on future development of students may mean the difference between success and failure.
3．So fast has China's political and economic strength risen that an increasing number foreigners begin to learn Chinese.
4．Good love is that you see the whole world through one person, while bad love is that you
abandon the world for one person.
【解析】
【分析】
本题考查翻译句子，注意按括号内的提示词翻译。

1．考查“make+宾语+宾补”结构。

be reluctant to表示“不愿……”，根据句意可知本句使用“make+宾语+宾补”结构，陈述的是客观事实，应该用一般现在时，故翻译为：The well-preserved historical buildings make the tourists reluctant to leave.
2．考查定语从句。

have impact on表示“对……有影响”，difference between A and B表示“A 和B间的不同”，根据句意可知本句使用定语从句，关系代词指代先行词impact并在从句中作have的宾语，陈述的是客观事实用一般现在时，故翻译为：The impact that the teachers have on future development of students may mean the difference between success and failure.
3．考查so…t hat引出的倒装。

在so…that…结构中，当so+副词位于句首时，要采用部分倒装，故翻译为：So fast has China's political and economic strength risen that an increasing number foreigners begin to learn Chinese.
4．考查表语从句和while的用法。

根据句意可知本句使用while表示两种情况的对比，同时使用表语从句，从句成分完整，用that仅起连接作用，无实义，故翻译为：Good love is that you see the whole world through one person, while bad love is that you abandon the world for one person.
9．高中英语翻译题：Translation
1．我突然想起我忘记通知他们考试的时间地点了。

(occur)
2．任何能够采用新方法解决这道技术难题的人，都值得受到奖赏。

(approach)
3．我们不该等到感恩节才向那些关心和爱护我们的人表示感激，这是我们每天生活中应该做的事。

(until)
4．随着技术的发展以及电脑的普及，网络课程在多大程度上能取代传统教学方法还需拭目以待。

(extent)
【答案】
1．It suddenly occurred to me that I forgot to remind them of the time and place for the exam. 2．Anyone who can adopt new approaches to solving the technical problem deserves to be rewarded.
3．We shouldn’t show our gratitude to those who care about and love us until the Thanksgiving Day, which we should do in everyday life.
4．With the development of techniques and the popularity of computers. it remains to be seen to what extent the online classes can replace the traditional teaching ways.
【解析】
【分析】
考查句子翻译。

1．考查固定句式和固定短语。

固定句式It suddenly occurred to sb. that…“某人突然想
起……”；固定短语forget to do sth.“忘记做某事”；remind sb. of sth.“提醒某人某事”。

结合句意应用一般过去时，故翻译为It suddenly occurred to me that I forgot to remind them of the time and place for the exam.。

2．考查定语从句和固定短语。

本句为定语从句修饰先行词anyone，且先行词在从句中做主语，指人，故关系代词用who。

固定短语adopt new approaches“采用新方法”；solve problem“解决问题”。

且主句应用一般现在时，主语为anyone，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。

故翻译为Anyone who can adopt new approaches to solving the technical problem deserves to be rewarded.。

3．考查定语从句和固定短语。

本句为定语从句修饰先行词those，且先行词在从句中做主语，指人，故关系代词用who。

固定短语not…until…“直到……才……”；show gratitude“表达感激”；care about“关心”。

且应用非限定性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，关系代词用which。

故翻译为We shouldn’t show our gratitude to those who care about and love us until the Thanksgiving Day, which we should do in everyday life.。

4．考查固定短语和固定句式。

本句为with的复合结构，表示“随着……”，固定句式it remains to be seen to…“……拭目以待”，且结合句意应用一般现在时，故翻译为With the development of techniques and the popularity of computers, it remains to be seen to what extent the online classes can replace the traditional teaching ways.。

10．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．你是不是就在这家新开的饭店里看见疑犯实施犯罪？ (it)
2．学外语时没有必要不懂装懂，否则你总有一天会后悔的。

(need n.)
3．人们很难想象像他这样一个体面的政府官员是如何一夜之间就沦为阶下囚的。

(reduce) 4．这个年轻人向朋友保证在任何情况下他都不会违背做一个诚实和守信人的承诺。

( under no circumstances )
【答案】
1．Was it in the newly-- opened restaurant// that you witnessed / saw(that) the suspect
//commit the crime?
2．There is no need to // pretend to know what you don’t know // when you learn a foreign language, // otherwise/or you will regret it some day.
3．People could/ can hardly imagine// how a decent government official like him //can/ should be reduced to// a prisoner overnight
4．The young person assured his friends that// under no circumstances would he// break the promise that// he should/would be faithful/trustworthy and honest.
【解析】
【分析】
考查句子翻译。

1．考查强调句。

本句为强调句结构，强调的部分为in the newly-- opened restaurant，且固
定短语commit the crime“犯罪”，且应用一般过去时。

故填Was it in the newly-- opened restaurant// that you witnessed / saw(that) the suspect //commit the crime?
2．考查固定句式。

固定句式There is no need to do sth.“没有必要做某事”，且应为when引导的时间状语从句，短语pretend to do sth.“假装做某事”，且应用一般现在时以及一般将来时。

故填There is no need to // pretend to know what you don’t know // when y ou learn a foreign language, // otherwise/or you will regret it some day.
3．考查名词性从句和固定短语。

本句为宾语从句，且从句中缺少方式状语表示“如何”，故用how引导，且固定短语be reduced to“沦为”，故填People could/ can hardly imagine// how a decent government official like him //can/ should be reduced to// a prisoner overnight。

4．考查名词性从句和固定短语。

本句为宾语从句，且从句中不缺少成分，故用that引导，且固定短语under no circumstances“决不”，且根据句意应用一般过去时，故填The young person assured his friends that// under no circumstances would he// break the promise that// he should/would be faithful/trustworthy and honest.。

【点睛】
强调句结构。

为了突出句子中的某一部分，我们通常会使用某种方法或手段使它突出，以便能引起他人的注意，这就是强调，与此相关的句子就是强调句。

强调句是一种修辞，是人们为了表达自己的意愿或情感而使用的一种形式。

其结构为it is (was)+被强调成分+that (who)+其他。

1、陈述句的强调句型
It is/ was + 被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+ that/ who(当强调主语且主语指人)+ 其他部分。

2、一般疑问句的强调句型，把is/ was提到it前面。

3、特殊疑问句的强调句型，被强调部分(通常是疑问代词或疑问副词)+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其他部分?
4、not … until … 句型的强调句
句型为：It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其他部分
普通句：He didn't go to bed until/ till his wife came back.
强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.
注意：此句型只用until，不用till。

但如果不是强调句型，till, until可通用;因为句型中It is/ was not ... 已经是否定句了，that后面的从句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。

如第一小题，本句为强调句结构，强调的部分为in the newly-- opened restaurant，且固定短语commit the crime“犯罪”，且应用一般过去时。

故填Was it in the newly-- opened restaurant// that you witnessed / saw(that) the suspect //commit the crime?。