高考英语一轮复习阅读理解学生自练

黑龙江宝清县2021高考英语一轮阅读理解学生自练〔2021高考训练〕阅读以下材料，从每题所给选项中选出最正确选项。

The best antistress(抗紧张) medicine we have may be right under your nose! Think you know how to do it Try this simple test: sit or stand wherever you are and take a deep breath，then let it out.What expanded more as you breathed in，your chest or your abdomen(腹部) If the answer is your chest，you're like most people and you're doing it wrong.Take another deep breath and keep reading.
The technique is so powerful that physician James Gordon，director of the Centre for Mind－Body Medicine in Washington，teaches it to nearly every patient he sees.
“Slow，deep breathing is probably the only best antistress medicine we have，〞says Gordon，“When you bring air down into the lower part of the lungs，where oxygen exchange is most efficient，everything changes.Heart rate slows，blood pressure decrease，muscles relax，anxiety ceases and the mind calms.〞Obviously，everyone alive knows how to breathe.But Gordon and other experts in the field of mind-body medicine say that few people in industrialized societies know how to breathe correctly.They are taught to suck in their guts(内脏) and puff out(鼓起) their chests.At the same time，they are attacked with
constant stress，which causes heart rate to increase.As a result，they become shallo w “chest breathers〞，using primarily the middle and upper parts of the lungs.Few people—other than musicians，singers and some athletes are even aware that the abdomen should expand when they breathe in.
“Watch a baby breathe，〞says Gordon，“and you'll see th e abdomen go up and down，deep and slow.〞With age，most people change from this healthy abdominal breathing into shallow chest breathing.
At Duke University Medical Centre，Dr.Jon Seskevich has taught abdominal breathing to most of the 18，000 patients he's worked with since 1990.
One of his most dramatic cases involved a lung－cancer patient.“I walked into the room to find this large man actually fighting for breath，〞Seskevich recalls.“I had him sit back in his chair and place his feet on the ground.I then asked if it was OK if I touched his abdomen.He nodded，so I put my hand on and told him to breathe softly into my hand，to let his abdomen rise into my hand.〞
After about six minutes of this，he was breathing comfortably.“All day，people were telling him to relax，〞says
Seskevich，“and it seemed to make his struggle worse.I just told him to breathe into his abdomen.We didn't cure his cancer，but we may have saved him a trip to the intensive－care unit.〞
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。

正确呼吸方式有助于减轻我们压力，而抗紧张最好药就是慢慢地深呼吸，但是很少有人知道如何正确呼吸及正确呼吸重要性。

1．According to the Centre for Mind－Body Medicine in Washington，the best medicine for antistress is ________．
A．shallow chest-breathing
B．operation treatment
C．slow，deep breathing
D．enough physical exercise
答案 C [细节理解题。

根据第三段中“Slow，deep breathing is probably the only best antistress medicine we have〞可知，抗紧张最好药就是慢慢地深呼吸。

应选C。

] 2．What do you know about most people's breath in industrialized societies
A．They breathe with the middle and upper parts of the lungs.
B．They become deep breathers，using the lower parts of the lungs.
C．They expand their abdomens when they breathe in.
D．They have their abdomens go up and down while breathing.
答案 A [细节理解题。

根据第四段倒数第二句“As a result，they become shallow‘chest breathers’，using primarily the middle and upper parts of the lungs.〞可知，他们使用肺中上部呼吸。

应选A。

]
3．Which of the following people tend to know the right way to breathe according to the passage
A．Government officials.
B．Doctors and patients.
C．Some sportsmen.
D．University professors.
答案 C [细节理解题。

根据第四段最后一句“Few pe ople—other than musicians，singers and some athletes are even aware that the abdomen should expand when they breathe in.〞可知，有些运发动知道正确呼吸方法。

应选C。

]
4．The example stated in the last two paragraphs show that the lung-cancer patient ________ without Dr.Seskevich's advice on how to breathe.
A．might have died already
B．couldn't have been cured of his illness
C．would have stopped breathing
D．would have been sent to the intensive－care unit
答案 D [推理判断题。

根据最后一段第一句“After about six minutes of this，he was breathing comfortably.〞，并结合该段最后一句“We didn't cure his cancer，but we may have saved him a trip to the intensive－care unit.〞可知，在Seskevich建议下，病人呼吸开场顺畅，否那么病人可能会住进特护病房。

应选D。

]
5．Which of the following do you think is NOT TRUE after you have read the passage
A．Most people give up abdominal breathing when growing up.
B．A baby takes his or her breath in a natural and abdominal breathing way.
C．Healthy people are more aware of the importance of correct breathing than those in poor health.
D．Shallow “ch est breathers〞may be attacked with constant stress，which causes heart rate to increase.
答案 C [正误判断题。

根据第四段第二句“...few people in industrialized societies know how to breathe correctly.〞，并结合该段最后一句“Few people...are even aware...breathe in.〞可知，很少有人知道如何正确呼吸及正确呼吸重要性，但是这并不意味着安康人比安康不佳人更清楚正确呼吸重要性。

应选C。

]
6．What does the writer mainly tell us in this passage
A．The secret for our long life is to take more deep breath every day.
B．Correct ways of breathing may help to reduce our stress.
C．There are two breathing ways—chest breathing and abdominal breathing.
D．It's useful to bring air down into the lower part of our body whenever we feel nervous.
答案 B [主旨大意题。

根据文章第一句“The best antistress(抗紧张)medicine we have may be right under your nose！〞开篇点题，以及第三段开头“Slow，deep breathing is probably the only best antistress medicine we have〞，并结合上下文内容可知，文章主要讲述是正确呼吸方式可能有助于减轻我们压力，因此B项符合题意。

应选B。

]
[文化教育型阅读理解]
As computers become all the more popular in China, Chinese people are increasingly relying on computer keyboards to input Chinese characters. But if they use the computer too much, they may end up forgetting the exact strokes(笔画)of each Chinese character when writing on paper. Experts suggest people, especially students, write by hand more.
Do you write by hand more or type more In Beijing, students start using a computer as early as primary school. And computer dependence is more widespread among university students. Almost all their assignments and essays are typed on a computer.
All the students interviewed say they usually use a computer. It's faster and easier to correct if using a computer. And that's why computers are being applied more and more often to modern education. But when people are taking_stock_in computers increasingly, problems appear.
“When I'm writing with a pen, I find I often can't remember how to write a character, though I feel I'm familiar with it.〞“I'm not in the mood to write when faced with a pen and paper.〞
Many students don't feel this is something to worry about. Now that it's more convenient and efficient to write on a
computer, why bother to handwrite
Many educators think differently. Shi Liwei, the headmaster of a famous primary school in the capital said，“Chinese characters enjoy both practical and aesthetic(审美) value. But those characters typed with computer keyboards only maintain their practical value. All the artistic beauty of the characters is lost. And handwriting contains the writer's emotion. Through one's handwriting, people can get to know one's thinking and personality. Beautiful writing will give people a better first impression of them.〞
To encourage students to handwrite more, many primary schools in Beijing have made writing classes compulsory(必修)and in universities, some professors are asking students to turn in their homework and essays written by hand.
1. Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage
A. The Importance of Handwriting and Typing
B. To Type or to Handwrite
C. Writing on a Computer Will Replace Writing by Hand
D. Practical and Aesthetic Value of Chinese Characters
2. The students interviewed prefer to write using a computer mainly because________．
A. they are usually asked to email their homework and essays
B. they can correct the mistakes they make quickly and conveniently
C．they find it not easy to remember how to write a character
D. computers have become a trend and fashion in China
3. Which of the following statements is NOT true of the advantages of handwriting
A. Handwriting contains the writer's emotion.
B. The writer's thinking and personality are shown in his or her handwriting.
C. Handwriting can impress people well and build one's self-confidence.
D. Chinese characters enjoy both practical and aesthetic value.
4. The underlined expression “taking stock in〞(Paragraph 4) probably means “________〞．
A. getting bored with
B. getting dependent on
C. becoming crazy about
D. getting curious about
5. We can draw the conclusion from the passage
that________．
A. more and more students will give up writing on a computer
B. writing by hand will give way to typing by computer one day
C. more and more students will pay attention to handwriting
D. the typing article better expresses one's emotion and quality
(二)
【要点综述】全文围绕学生是依靠电脑还是应该用手写作业展开。

1．B 主旨大意题。

文章围绕话题“我们学生是依靠电脑还是应该用手写作业〞展开。

2．B 细节理解题。

由第四段“It's faster and easier to correct if using a computer.〞与第七段中“Now that it's more convenient and efficient to write on a computer, why bother to handwrite 〞可知，学生依赖电脑是因为电脑方便、快捷、修改容易。

3．C 正误判断题。

由倒数第二段“Beautiful writing will give people a better first impression of them.〞可知，C项表述与文章有出入，其他选项在文中均有明确表述。

4．B 词义猜想题。

结合上文computer dependence与下文表述，不难推出画线词组意思为“相信，依靠〞。

故B项为正确答案。

5．C 推理判断题。

最后一段主要讲述了北京许多小学已经把写作课列为必修课，在大学里，要求学生交书面作业。

由此我们可以得出
结论：今后越来越多学生会重视书写。

故C项为正确答案。

阅读以下四篇短文，从每题后所给A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最正确选项。

Garlic is one of the most common flavors in our kitchen. It not only tastes wonderful, but also it’s very good for your body. It is one of Mother Nature’s most precious gifts to cooks of all levels.
Choose garlic heads that are firm to the touch, with no scars or soft cloves (蒜瓣). If you notice dark, powdery patches under the skin, pass it up because this is an indication of a common mold which will eventually spoil the flesh.
Store unpeeled heads of garlic in an open container in a cool, dry place away from other foods. Do not refrigerate or freeze unpeeled garlic. Properly stored garlic can keep up to three months.
As garlic ages, it will begin to produce green sprouts in the center of each clove. These infant green sprouts can be bitter, so throw them before using the garlic for your recipe. However, if you plant the cloves and let them grow to a height of about six inches, you can use the sprouts like chives (韭黄)
in salads and such.
Garlic can also be purchased as peeled whole cloves, both stored in olive or vegetable oil. It is urgent that garlic in oil be stored under refrigeration to avoid potentially-deadly bacteria growth. If you use a lot of garlic and wish to cut your preparation time down, you can pre-peel and store your own in oil in the refrigerator, but the best flavor will come from freshly-peeled cloves. Use garlic powder, garlic salt, and garlic juice only as a last resort.
To peel a garlic clove, place it on a cutting board on its side, and gently press down quickly with the flat side of a butcher knife. The skin should then easily peel off. If you find the skin clinging desperately to the clove, congratulations! You have fresh garlic. As garlic ages, the skin is gradually dried-up, making it easier to peel.
1. The passage is mainly about .
A. how to select, store and peel garlic
B. what garlic tastes and smells
C. where to keep the garlic
D. when to reap the garlic
2. A dark patch under the skin of garlic means .
A. the cloves of garlic are soft
B. the garlic has been kept for long
C. something wrong with the garlic
D. the garlic has been cooked
3. The underlined word “sprouts〞means .
A. new parts growing on a plant
B. newly seeds growing on a plant
C. parts belonging to a branching shape
D. thin skin attached to garlic
4. If you want to store garlic, .
A. you can keep it in the refrigerator up to three months
B. you’d better keep the peeled in the refrigerator
C. you may keep frozen unpeeled garlic
D. you can put garlic in vegetable oil
5. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A. The sprouts of garlic tastes like chives.
B. Garlic juice is better than the freshly-peeled.
C. A cutting board is helpful for peeling garlic.
D. Olive oil is needed when cooking garlic.
【参考答案】1—5、ACABC。