初二英语新能源技术与应用阅读理解30题

初二英语新能源技术与应用阅读理解30题
1
<背景文章>
Solar energy is one of the most important forms of renewable energy. It comes from the sun and can be converted into electricity or heat. The principle of solar energy is based on the photovoltaic effect. When sunlight hits the solar panels, the photons in the sunlight excite the electrons in the solar cells, causing them to flow and generate an electric current.
Solar energy has many advantages. Firstly, it is clean and environmentally friendly. It does not produce any pollutants or greenhouse gases. Secondly, it is abundant and free. The sun shines every day, so we can always get solar energy. Thirdly, it is reliable and long-lasting. Solar panels can last for more than 25 years with proper maintenance.
Solar energy can be used in many applications. For example, it can be used to power homes, businesses, and schools. It can also be used to charge electric vehicles and power remote communication devices. In addition, solar energy can be used in agriculture to pump water and power irrigation systems.
1. What is the principle of solar energy?
A. Based on the wind power effect.
B. Based on the hydro power effect.
C. Based on the photovoltaic effect.
D. Based on the nuclear power effect.
答案：C。

解析：文章中明确提到“The principle of solar energy is based on the photovoltaic effect.”，即太阳能的原理是基于光伏效应。

2. What are the advantages of solar energy?
A. Dirty and expensive.
B. Clean and environmentally friendly, abundant and free, reliable and long-lasting.
C. Scarce and polluting.
D. Unreliable and short-lived.
答案：B。

解析：文章中提到太阳能的优点有“Firstly, it is clean and environmentally friendly. Secondly, it is abundant and free. Thirdly, it is reliable and long-lasting.”。

3. How long can solar panels last?
A. Less than 10 years.
B. More than 25 years.
C. About 15 years.
D. Only 5 years.
答案：B。

解析：文中提到“Solar panels can last for more than 25 years with proper maintenance.”。

4. What can solar energy be used for?
A. Only powering homes.
B. Powering homes, businesses, schools, charging electric vehicles, powering remote communication devices and agriculture.
C. Nothing useful.
D. Just for decoration.
答案：B。

解析：文章中提到太阳能可以用于“power homes, businesses, and schools. It can also be used to charge electric vehicles and power remote communication devices. In addition, solar energy can be used in agriculture to pump water and power irrigation systems.”。

5. Is solar energy a renewable energy?
A. No.
B. Maybe.
C. Not sure.
D. Yes.
答案：D。

解析：文章开头提到“Solar energy is one of the most important forms of renewable energy.”，即太阳能是最重要的可再生能源之一。

2
<背景文章>
Wind energy is one of the cleanest and most sustainable sources of energy. Wind turbines convert the kinetic energy of the wind into electrical energy. Wind power has many advantages. It is renewable, meaning it will never run out. It is also clean, producing no greenhouse gas emissions or
air pollution.
In recent years, wind energy has seen significant growth. More and more wind farms are being built around the world. These wind farms consist of large numbers of wind turbines that are often located in areas with strong and consistent winds, such as coastal regions and open plains.
The future of wind energy looks promising. As technology continues to advance, wind turbines are becoming more efficient and cost-effective. New designs and materials are being developed to make wind turbines stronger and more durable. In addition, offshore wind farms are becoming more popular, as they can take advantage of stronger winds and less visual impact.
However, wind energy also has some challenges. Wind is intermittent, meaning it is not always available. This requires backup power sources or energy storage systems to ensure a continuous supply of electricity. Additionally, wind turbines can be noisy and may have an impact on wildlife, especially birds.
Despite these challenges, wind energy is expected to play an important role in the future of energy production. As the world looks for ways to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and combat climate change, wind energy will become an increasingly attractive option.
6. What is one advantage of wind energy?
A. It is expensive.
B. It produces greenhouse gas emissions.
C. It is renewable.
D. It is not clean.
答案：C。

中文解析：风能的一个优点是可再生，意味着它永远不会耗尽。

A 选项说它昂贵错误；B 选项说它产生温室气体排放错误；D 选项说它不干净错误。

7. Where are wind farms often located?
A. In cities.
B. In areas with weak winds.
C. In coastal regions and open plains.
D. In deserts.
答案：C。

中文解析：风电场通常位于有强风和稳定风的地区，如沿海地区和开阔平原。

A 选项在城市错误；B 选项在风弱的地区错误；D 选项在沙漠错误。

8. What is the future of wind energy?
A. Uncertain.
B. Not promising.
C. Promising.
D. It will disappear.
答案：C。

中文解析：风能的未来看起来很有前景。

随着技术的不断进步，风力涡轮机变得更加高效和具有成本效益。

A 选项不确定错误；B 选项没有前景错误；D 选项它会消失错误。

9. What is a challenge of wind energy?
A. It is always available.
B. It is not intermittent.
C. It requires backup power sources.
D. It has no impact on wildlife.
答案：C。

中文解析：风能也有一些挑战。

风是间歇性的，这意味着它并不总是可用的。

这就需要备用电源或储能系统来确保电力的持续供应。

A 选项它总是可用错误；B 选项它不是间歇性的错误；D 选项它对野生动物没有影响错误。

10. Why is wind energy an attractive option?
A. Because it is expensive.
B. Because it produces greenhouse gas emissions.
C. Because it can reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
D. Because it is not clean.
答案：C。

中文解析：随着世界寻找减少温室气体排放和应对气候变化的方法，风能将成为一个越来越有吸引力的选择，因为它可以减少温室气体排放。

A 选项因为它昂贵错误；B 选项因为它产生温室气体排放错误；D 选项因为它不干净错误。

3
<背景文章>
Water Power: A Clean and Renewable Energy Source
Water power, also known as hydroelectric power, is one of the oldest
and most reliable sources of renewable energy. It comes from the force of flowing water, such as rivers, waterfalls, and tides.
The process of generating electricity from water power involves building a dam across a river. The water is then channeled through turbines, which spin and generate electricity. This electricity is then sent to homes, businesses, and factories.
Water power has many advantages. It is a clean source of energy, producing no air pollution or greenhouse gases. It is also reliable, as long as there is water flowing in the river. In addition, it can be stored in reservoirs, providing a source of power even when demand is high.
However, water power also has some disadvantages. Building dams can have a significant impact on the environment. It can disrupt fish migration, change the flow of rivers, and flood land. In addition, dams can be expensive to build and maintain.
11. Water power comes from ________.
A. the sun
B. wind
C. flowing water
D. coal
答案：C。

解析：文章中明确提到“Water power, also known as hydroelectric power, is one of the oldest and most reliable sources of renewable energy. It comes from the force of flowing water.”，水能来自
流动的水。

12. The process of generating electricity from water power involves ________.
A. building a wind turbine
B. burning coal
C. building a dam across a river
D. using solar panels
答案：C。

解析：文中提到“The process of generating electricity from water power involves building a dam across a river.”，水能发电的过程包括在河流上建大坝。

13. Water power is a clean source of energy because it produces ________.
A. no air pollution or greenhouse gases
B. a lot of smoke
C. harmful chemicals
D. noise pollution
答案：A。

解析：文章中说“It is a clean source of energy, producing no air pollution or greenhouse gases.”，水能是清洁能源，不产生空气污染和温室气体。

14. Building dams can have a negative impact on the environment by ________.
A. providing clean energy
B. storing water
C. disrupting fish migration and changing the flow of rivers
D. reducing carbon emissions
答案：C。

解析：文中提到“Building dams can have a significant impact on the environment. It can disrupt fish migration, change the flow of rivers, and flood land.”，建大坝会对环境产生负面影响，比如扰乱鱼类迁徙、改变河流流向等。

15. Which of the following is NOT an advantage of water power?
A. It is a clean source of energy.
B. It can be stored in reservoirs.
C. It is expensive to build and maintain.
D. It is reliable as long as there is water flowing.
答案：C。

解析：文章中提到了水能的优点有清洁、可靠、可存储等，而“However, water power also has some disadvantages. Building dams can be expensive to build and maintain.”说明建造和维护大坝费用高是缺点不是优点。

4
<背景文章>
Geothermal energy is a form of renewable energy that comes from the heat within the Earth. It has been used for many years in different parts of the world. Geothermal power plants use the heat from underground to generate electricity.
The process of harnessing geothermal energy involves drilling deep into the Earth to reach areas where the temperature is high. Water or steam is then pumped down into these areas. The heated water or steam rises back up and is used to drive turbines, which generate electricity.
One of the advantages of geothermal energy is that it is a reliable source of power. Unlike solar and wind energy, which are dependent on weather conditions, geothermal energy is available all the time. Another advantage is that it is environmentally friendly. Geothermal power plants produce very little pollution compared to fossil fuel power plants.
In addition to generating electricity, geothermal energy can also be used for heating and cooling buildings. Geothermal heat pumps use the constant temperature of the Earth to heat or cool homes and businesses. This can reduce energy consumption and lower heating and cooling costs.
Geothermal energy has the potential to play an important role in meeting the world's energy needs. As technology continues to improve, more and more countries are likely to start using geothermal energy.
16. Geothermal energy comes from _____.
A. the sun
B. the wind
C. the heat within the Earth
D. fossil fuels
答案：C。

解析：文章开头提到“Geothermal energy is a form of
renewable energy that comes from the heat within the Earth.”。

17. How is geothermal energy harnessed?
A. By using solar panels.
B. By drilling deep into the Earth and pumping water or steam down.
C. By using wind turbines.
D. By burning fossil fuels.
答案：B。

解析：文中提到“The process of harnessing geothermal energy involves drilling deep into the Earth to reach areas where the temperature is high. Water or steam is then pumped down into these areas.”。

18. One advantage of geothermal energy is that it is _____.
A. dependent on weather conditions
B. expensive to produce
C. a reliable source of power
D. not environmentally friendly
答案：C。

解析：“One of the advantages of geothermal energy is that it is a reliable source of power.”表明地热能是可靠的能源来源。

19. Geothermal energy can be used for _____.
A. generating electricity only
B. heating buildings only
C. cooling buildings only
D. generating electricity, heating and cooling buildings
答案：D。

解析：文中提到“Geothermal power plants use the heat
from underground to generate electricity.”以及“In addition to generating electricity, geothermal energy can also be used for heating and cooling buildings.”。

20. As technology continues to improve, more countries are likely to _____.
A. stop using geothermal energy
B. use less geothermal energy
C. start using geothermal energy
D. not be interested in geothermal energy
答案：C。

解析：文章结尾提到“As technology continues to improve, more and more countries are likely to start using geothermal energy.”。

5
<背景文章>
Biomass energy is a renewable source of energy that comes from organic materials. Biomass can be defined as any material that is derived from living organisms, such as plants and animals. There are different types of biomass energy. One common type is wood biomass. Wood can be burned to produce heat and electricity. Another type is agricultural waste, such as corn stalks and wheat straw. These materials can be converted into biofuels or used directly for heating.
Biomass energy has several applications. It can be used in power plants to generate electricity. It can also be used in small-scale heating
systems for homes and businesses. In addition, biomass can be processed into biofuels, such as ethanol and biodiesel, which can be used to power vehicles.
Biomass energy offers many benefits. It is a renewable resource, which means it will not run out. It also reduces greenhouse gas emissions compared to fossil fuels. Moreover, it can create jobs in rural areas where biomass is abundant.
However, there are also some challenges associated with biomass energy. One challenge is the collection and transportation of biomass materials. Another challenge is the potential for competition with food production if agricultural land is used for biomass production.
In conclusion, biomass energy is an important source of renewable energy with both advantages and challenges.
21. What is biomass energy defined as?
A. Energy from non-living organisms.
B. Energy from living organisms.
C. Energy from fossil fuels.
D. Energy from the sun.
答案：B。

中文解析：文章中明确提到“Biomass can be defined as any material that is derived from living organisms”，即生物质能被定义为来自生物体的任何材料。

22. Which of the following is NOT a type of biomass energy?
A. Wood biomass.
B. Agricultural waste.
C. Coal.
D. Biofuels.
答案：C。

中文解析：文章中提到了木材生物质、农业废弃物和生物燃料都是生物质能的类型，而煤炭是化石燃料，不是生物质能。

23. What can biomass energy be used for?
A. Only for generating electricity.
B. Only for heating.
C. For generating electricity and heating, and powering vehicles.
D. For powering only large vehicles.
答案：C。

中文解析：文章中提到生物质能可以用于发电厂发电、小型供暖系统以及加工成生物燃料为车辆提供动力。

24. What is one challenge of biomass energy?
A. Easy collection and transportation.
B. No competition with food production.
C. Difficult collection and transportation.
D. No greenhouse gas emissions.
答案：C。

中文解析：文章中提到生物质能的一个挑战是“the collection and transportation of biomass materials”，即生物质材料的收集和运输困难。

25. What is an advantage of biomass energy?
A. It is a non-renewable resource.
B. It increases greenhouse gas emissions.
C. It creates jobs in rural areas.
D. It competes with food production.
答案：C。

中文解析：文章中提到生物质能的一个好处是“it can create jobs in rural areas where biomass is abundant”，即在生物质丰富的农村地区创造就业机会。

6
<背景文章>
New Energy Technology and Its Impact on the Global Environment
In today's world, the search for clean and sustainable energy sources has become more important than ever. New energy technologies are emerging rapidly and playing a crucial role in protecting the environment.
One of the most promising new energy sources is solar power. Solar panels can convert sunlight into electricity, which is clean and renewable. Solar energy can be used to power homes, businesses, and even entire cities. Another important new energy technology is wind power. Wind turbines generate electricity by harnessing the power of the wind. Wind energy is also clean and abundant, and it has the potential to meet a significant portion of the world's energy needs.
In addition to solar and wind power, there are other new energy technologies that are making a positive impact on the environment. For
example, hydroelectric power uses the energy of flowing water to generate electricity. Biomass energy is derived from organic matter such as plants and waste materials. These new energy sources are helping to reduce our dependence on fossil fuels and decrease greenhouse gas emissions.
The development and application of new energy technologies are not without challenges. However, with continued research and innovation, these challenges can be overcome. As more countries invest in new energy, we can expect to see a cleaner and more sustainable future.
26. What is one of the most promising new energy sources mentioned in the passage?
A. Coal power.
B. Nuclear power.
C. Solar power.
D. Oil power.
答案：C。

解析：文章中明确提到“One of the most promising new energy sources is solar power.”，最有前途的新能源之一是太阳能。

27. How does wind power generate electricity?
A. By burning fossil fuels.
B. By harnessing the power of the wind.
C. By using nuclear reactions.
D. By extracting oil.
答案：B。

解析：文中提到“Wind turbines generate electricity by
harnessing the power of the wind.”，风力涡轮机通过利用风的力量发电。

28. What is biomass energy derived from?
A. Fossil fuels.
B. Nuclear materials.
C. Organic matter.
D. Metal ores.
答案：C。

解析：“Biomass energy is derived from organic matter such as plants and waste materials.”，生物质能来源于有机物，如植物和废料。

29. What are the challenges of new energy technologies?
A. They are too expensive.
B. They are not efficient enough.
C. They are difficult to maintain.
D. The passage doesn't mention specific challenges.
答案：D。

解析：文章提到新能源技术的发展和应用并非没有挑战，但没有具体说明挑战是什么。

30. What can we expect to see as more countries invest in new energy?
A. A dirtier environment.
B. A more sustainable future.
C. Less technological innovation.
D. Higher energy prices.
答案：B。

解析：“As more countries invest in new energy, we can
expect to see a cleaner and more sustainable future.”，随着更多国家投资新能源，我们可以期待一个更清洁、更可持续的未来。