湖南省长沙县第一中学高考英语试卷 阅读理解题分类汇编(及答案)

湖南省长沙县第一中学高考英语试卷阅读理解题分类汇编(及答案)
一、高中英语阅读理解
1．阅读理解
Demand for the Chinese tech company's devices(设备) is red hot even though the country's overall market for smartphones is getting smaller Huawei's China sales rocketed more than 20% in the final quarter of 2018, and experts say that's partly due to the US government's global campaign against the company.
“The latest tension between the US and China raised the patriotism(爱国主义) in Chinese consumers, said Jusy Hong, an analyst at research firm IHS Markit.
He pointed out that some Chinese companies encouraged employees to buy Huawei phones late last year. The moves were a gesture of support after the firm's chief financial officer was arrested in Canada in early December at the request of the United States.
Huawei's booming sales show how major parts of its business continue to increase even as the United States tries to persuade other countries to shut Huawei products out of 5G wireless networks and pursues(追究) criminal charges against it. The company expects to overtake Samsung as the world's biggest smartphone maker by next year.
Huawei sold 30 million phones in China in the last three months of 2018, nearly three times as many as Apple(AAPL), according to data published this week by research firms Canalys and IDC. Apple's sales plunged almost 20%.
Huawei's success in China, the world's largest smartphone market, is more than about geopolitics(地缘政治). Chinese consumers love its flagship, high -end- phones because they have great cameras, cutting edge technology and cost less than the latest iPhones, according to analysts. And by offering a selection of cheaper phones, Huawei is able to target a bigger market. It also benefited from the troubles this year at ZTE (ZTCOF), a rival Chinese smartphone and telecommunications equipment maker. ZTE was banned by the US government from buying vital American parts for months last year.
（1）Why did Huawei's China sales increase greatly according to the article?
A. Because the company's devices are always popular worldwide.
B. Because Chinese consumers' patriotism was aroused.
C. Because the government encourages people to buy Huawei devices.
D. Because the country's overall market for smartphones is getting bigger.
（2）What can we conclude from the third paragraph?
A. Huawei's chief financial officer was arrested in Canada due to the US's request.
B. All Chinese companies showed their support to Huawei with their purchase.
C. Jusy Hong thought the United States arrested Huawei's chief financial officer.
D. Jusy Hong thought the arrest of Huawei's chief financial officer is unfair.
（3）How do you understand the underlined word in the fifth paragraph?
A. increased greatly by.
B. reduced greatly to.
C. dropped greatly by.
D. remained steady.
（4）Why is Huawei's success in China more than about geopolitics?
A. Because Huawei has the largest smartphone market in the world.
B. Because Huawei's success is only limited within China mainland.
C. Because Huawei has the ability to target a bigger market in the world.
D. Because Chinese consumers are quite satisfied with Huawei smartphones.
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）C
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了华为公司在手机市场日益缩小的中国仍然火爆的原因。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的"The latest tension between the US and China raised the patriotism(爱国主义) in Chinese consumers," 可知中国消费者的爱国主义被唤起，华为在中国的销售量大增。

故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“The moves were a gesture of support after the firm's chief financial officer was arrested in Canada in early December at the request of the United States. ”可知华为的首席财务官因美国的要求在加拿大被捕。

故选A。

（3）考查词义猜测。

根据上文可知华为手机销量大增而苹果手机销量大跌，故推测此处“plunged”意为销量下降。

故选C。

（4）考查细节理解。

根据倒数第二段中的“Chinese consumers love its flagship, high-end phones because they have great cameras, cutting edge technology and cost less than the latest iPhones, according to analysts. ”可知中国消费者对华为的智能手机很满意。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和词义猜测两个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解
With all the recent concern about the environment, people want to see their money used to better the planet. Here are four well-known environmental organizations.
World Wildlife Fund (WWF)
The World Wildlife Fund is perhaps one of the best-known organizations for the protection of endangered species and their habitats around the world. They've been around for over 45 years. You can donate through their website , join their organization as a member, or adopt an animal through their online adoption center.
National Geographic Society (NGS)
National Geographic Society is well-known for their magazine and their specials on TV. The organization itself is one of the longest-running in the world—they've been around since 1888, focus on exploration and conservation of forests, oceans, habitats, species and societies. You chopse to donate through the website ，buy something at their online store, or order a magazine subscription.
National Wildlife Federation (NWF)
Founded officially in 1937, the National Wildlife Federation tries to protect wildlife at all costs.
In fact, they believe that having the public educated is the best way to help the environment—-the more you know, the more you can protect the world we live in. Donations to the NWF can be made through their website nwf. org or through other options, like matching gifts, workplace giving, or memorial donations.
Ecology Fund, com
Set up in 1976，Ecology Fund, com is run on user clicks. Advertisers buy ad space on the site every time someone clicks. The money goes to buy endangered wilderness land to protect it from companies that would destroy it. So far, Ecology Fund, com has bought land in many areas. The best thing about this site is that you needn't donate any money—all you have to do is click.
（1）Which environmental organization has the longest history?
A. Ecology .
B. World Wildlife Fund.
C. National Geographic Society.
D. National Wildlife Federation.
（2）What does NWF think is the most important in environmental protection?
A. Knowledge.
B. Management.
C. Money.
D. Patience.
（3）In what way does differ from the other three organizations?
A. The size of networks.
B. The way of operation.
C. The strength of influence.
D. The degree of popularity.
【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个著名的环保组织。

（1）考查细节理解。

纵观全文可知，WWF有45年以上的历史；NGS从1888年就开始存在，迄今已有超过100年的历史；NWF成立于1937年；成立于1976年，因此NGS时间最长。

故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据 National Wildlife Federation (NWF)部分中的“In fact, they believe that having the public educated is the best way to help the environment—-the more you know, the more you can protect the world we live in.”可知，NWF认为，让公众受教育是帮助环境的最佳方式——你知道得越多，就越能保护我们所生活的这个世界。

可知，NWF 认为知识在环保中是最重要的。

故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据 Ecology Fund, com部分中的“The best thing about this site is that you needn't donate any money—all you have to do is click.”可知，是靠用户的点击率获得广告收入的方式运营的，用户无需捐钱，他们只需要点击即可，而其它三个环保组织都接受包括捐款在内的多种方式的支持。

可知，与其它3个环保组织的运营方式不同。

故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．（2019•浙江）阅读理解
Money with no strings attached. It's not something you see every day. But at Union Station in Los Angeles last month, a board went up with dollar bills attached to it with pins and a sign that
read, "Give What You Can, Take What You Need."
People quickly caught on. And while many took dollars, many others pinned their own cash to the board. “People of all ages, races, and socio-economic（社会经济的）backgrounds gave and took, "said Tyler Bridges of The Toolbox, which created the project. "We even had a bride in her wedding dress come up to the board and take a few dollars." Most of the bills on the board were singles, but a few people left fives, tens and even twenties. The video clip（片段）shows one man who had found a $ 20 bill pinning it to the board.
"What I can say for the folks that gave the most, is that they were full of smiles," Bridges said. "There's a certain feeling that giving can do for you and that was apparent in those that gave the most." Most people who took dollars took only a few, but Bridges said a very small number took as much as they could.
While the clip might look like part of a new ad campaign, Bridges said the only goal was to show generosity and sympathy. He added that he hopes people in other cities might try similar projects and post their own videos on the Internet.
"After all, everyone has bad days and good days," he said. "Some days you need a helping hand and some days you can be the one giving the helping hand.”
（1）What does the expression "money with no strings attached" in paragraph 1 mean?
A. Money spent without hesitation.
B. Money not legally made.
C. Money offered without conditions.
D. Money not tied together.
（2）What did Bridges want to show by mentioning the bride?
A. Women tended to be more sociable.
B. The activity attracted various people.
C. Economic problems were getting worse.
D. Young couples needed financial assistance.（3）Why did Bridges carry out the project?
A. To do a test on people's morals.
B. To raise money for his company.
C. To earn himself a good reputation.
D. To promote kindness and sympathy.
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）D
【解析】【分析】这是一则新闻报道，讲述在洛杉矶的联合车站，竖起了一块木板，上面钉着一些美钞和一个牌子，上面写着“留下你能给予的，拿走你所需要的。

”虽然有很多人拿走了钱，但是还是有人把钱钉在木板上。

（1）词义猜测题。

根据下文第二段开头while many took dollars, many others pinned their own cash to the btoard 可知这个板子的目的是为人们提供爱心交换，需要的从上面拿钱，有富余的可以在上面留钱。

这些钱是没有附加条件的。

故答案为C。

（2）推理判断题。

题干中的bride是Tyler Bridges 举的一个例子，为了证明前一句People of all ages, races, and socio-economic（社会经济的）backgrounds gave and took，即这个活动吸引了各种年龄、种族和经济背景的人。

故答案为B。

（3）推理判断题。

根据倒数第二段中
Bridges said the only goal was to show generosity and sympathy可知他发起这个活动的目的是让人们展示慷慨和同情。

故答案为D。

【点评】这是一篇新闻报道，文章的第一段第三句话就是本文的主题句，阅读时要要弄清新闻的主旨，弄清细节，根据问题中的关键词找到相关语句并能分析理解相关的句子，从而得到需要的答案。

4．阅读理解
In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity(繁荣). Others say that competition is bad; that it sets one person against another; that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people.
I have taught many children who held the belief that their self-worth relied on how well they performed at tennis and other skills. For them, playing well and winning are often life-and-death affairs. In their single-minded pursuit of success, the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten.
However, while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed, others take an opposite attitude. In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition. Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society. Teaching these young people, I often observe in them a desire to fail. They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success. By not trying, they always have an excuse: "I may have lost, but it doesn't matter because I really didn't try."What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost, that would mean a lot. Such a loss would be a measure of their worth. Clearly, this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves. Both are based on the mistaken belief that one's self-respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others. Both are afraid of not being valued. Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve(缓解)can we discover a new meaning in competition.
（1）Why are some people in favor of competition?
A. Because they think competition pushes society forward.
B. Because they think competition improves social abilities.
C. Because they think competition builds up a sense of pride.
D. Because they think competition develops people's relationship.
（2）What does the underlined phrase "the most vocal" in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. People who try their best to win.
B. People who highly value competition.
C. People who are strongly against competition.
D. People who mostly rely on others for success.
（3）Which viewpoint does the author agree to?
A. Self-worth relies on winning.
B. Winning should be a life-and-death matter.
C. Competition leads to unfriendly relationship.
D. Fear of failure should be removed in competition.
（4）What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. Competition helps to set up self-respect.
B. People hold different opinions about competition.
C. Failures are necessary experience in competition.
D. Competition is harmful to personal quality development.
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）D
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了人们对于竞争所持的不同观点。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity. ”可知，一些人赞成竞争是因为他们认为竞争促进社会的进步和繁荣。

故选A。

（2）考查词义猜测。

根据第三段中的“they strongly blame competition"他们强烈谴责竞争；以及"youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society"遭受来自父母或社会的竞争压力的年轻人，可推知，画线部分的意思是"强烈反对的"。

故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的”Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve can we discover a new meaning in competition.“只有当这种基本的、常常令人烦恼的恐惧开始消失时，我们才能在竞争中发现新的意义。

可推知，作者认为竞争要摆脱对失败的恐惧。

故选D。

（4）考查主旨大意。

根据第一段”In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity. Others say that competition is bad; that it sets one person against another; that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people.“在现代社会，关于竞争有很多争论。

有些人非常重视它，认为它对社会进步和繁荣负有责任。

其他人说竞争是不好的;它使一个人反对另一个人;这会导致人与人之间不友好的关系。

以及下文内容可知，本文主要介绍人们对于竞争所持的不同观点。

故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解
Everybody, at some point in their lives, has experienced failure. It could be something as simple as not getting the job you wanted, or getting fewer marks even after hard work. But what makes you is not your failure, but how you get back up after being hit.
Once, a young school boy was caught in a fire accident in his school and was assumed that he
would not live. His mother was told that he was sure to die, for the terrible fire had destroyed the lower half of his body. Even if he were to survive, he would be lame throughout his life.
But the brave boy did not want to die nor did he want to be lame. Much to the amazement of the doctor, he did survive. But unfortunately from his waist down, he had no motor ability. His thin legs just hung there, lifeless. Eventually he left the hospital. But his determination to walk was unshakable. At home, when he was not in bed, he had to stay in a wheelchair. One day, he threw himself from the chair and pulled himself across the grass, dragging his legs behind him. He reached the fence, raised himself up and then began dragging himself along the fence, firmly determined. He did this every day, with faith in himself that he would be able to walk unaided. With his iron determination, he did develop the ability to stand up, then to walk on and off, then to walk by himself and then to run.
He began to walk to school, and then run to school, to run for the joy of running. Later in college he was on the track team.
In February 1934, in New York City's Madison Square Garden, this young man who was not expected to survive, who would surely never walk, who could never hope to run-this determined young man, Dr. Glenn Cunningham, ran the world's fastest mile.
A good example of the power of positive thinking and faith in one's self, Glenn Cunningham continues to be an inspiration for many, and his story, a brilliant evidence to how one can bounce back even when all difficulties are piled against one, to the degree that death seemed the preferable option.
（1）The first paragraph is intended to ________.
A. present an argument
B. make preparations for statement
C. arouse readers' interest
D. function as a brief introduction
（2）What was the doctor's opinion about Glenn?
A. Glenn was able to walk with his own great effort.
B. Great determination could make a difference to Glenn.
C. There was a slim chance that Glenn could survive.
D. Glenn could live a normal life with the upper halt" of his body.
（3）What do we know about Glenn?
A. Glenn took recovery exercise in hospital.
B. Glenn inspired people with his moving story.
C. Glenn won the first place in Marathon.
D. Glenn organized a track team in college.
（4）What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Strengthen determination
B. Stand up after failure
C. Go after dreams
D. Face difficulty bravely
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）B
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。

每个人在人生的某个阶段都经历过失败。

文章通过Glenn幸存的故事，告诉我们“让你成功的不是你的失败，而是你如何在被打击后重新站起来。

”
（1）推理判断题。

根据第一段中Everybody, at some point in their lives, has experienced failure. 和 But what makes you is not your failure, but how you get back up after being hit.可知，第一段的作用是作一个简短的介绍。

故选D。

（2）推理判断题。

根据第三段中Much to the amazement of the doctor, he did survive.可知，医生认为Glenn生还的机会很小。

故选C。

（3）推理判断题。

根据最后一段中A good example of the power of positive thinking and faith in one's self, Glenn Cunningham continues to be an inspiration for many,可知，Glenn以他感人的故事激励人们。

故选B。

（4）主旨大意题。

根据第一段最后一句But what makes you is not your failure, but how you get back up after being hit.“让你成功的不是你的失败，而是你如何在被打击后重新站起来。

”可知本文最佳主题是B项Stand up after failure。

故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇议论类阅读，阅读时首先要弄清楚作者要证明什么观点，然后用什么样的论据进行怎样的分析，最后得出了什么的结论，理清了线索，理解文章就不是问题。

看题时注意确定关键词，然后在文章中定位，找到与选项一致的内容，就可以轻松的确定答案。

6．阅读理解
It seems that electronic devices just keep getting smaller. Scientists in the United States have announced the creation of the first transistor with only two dimensions(二维).
A transistor is a small electronic device that transfers or carries electronic current. Scientists hope these new 2D transistors will be used for building high-resolution(高分辨率)displays that need very little energy.
Two groups of scientists created these 2D transistors. They report that the transistors are only a few atoms thick.
Usually transistors are made with the element silicon(硅). Computer processors, memory chips, TV screens and other electronic devices contain billions of silicon-based transistors. But these very small electrical parts have certain limitations.
Dimitris Ioannou is an electrical engineering professor at George Mason University. He says the traditional transistor has been improved as much as it can be. He adds that researchers have been looking for new materials with special features and they want transistors to be seen through and soft.
"If the layers are very thin, the transistor can become flexible, so it doesn't have to be rigid(坚硬的), like it would be in a silicon chip. So people can think of applications like wearable electronics, television screens and other things," said Ioannou.
These new transistors can also carry higher current. They also can move the current much faster than traditional transistors. This is important for high-definition screens.
Dimitris Ioannou says the scientific success could prove very useful in the future. "Now, how good and how useful it will be, it's still in the stage of research, but it certainly is an advance," said Ioannou.
（1）Which of the following statements about the newly created transistor is TRUE?
A.They are expected to be used in high-resolution displays.
B.The transistors are made with the element silicon.
C.They are rigid, just like traditional transistors.
D.They have already been put into actual use.
（2）What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 5 mean?
A.The traditional transistors have been changed into two-dimensional ones.
B.Many of the traditional transistors have been improved over the years.
C.The traditional transistor has been developed to its fullest.
D.The traditional transistor has been developed quite well.
（3）What is Dimitris Ioannou's attitude towards the creation of the new transistors?
A.Negative.
B.Neutral.
C.Indifferent.
D.Positive.
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，美国科学家发明了新的二维晶体管，介绍了新型二维晶体管的相关信息及未来前景。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“Scientists hope these new 2D transistors will be used for building high-resolution（高分辨率）displays that need very little energy.”可知，科学家们希望能用这些新的二维晶体管来制造高分辨率的显示器。

故选A。

（2）考查句义猜测。

划线句句意为“他说传统的晶体管已经尽可能地改进了”可推知，传统的晶体管已经开发到了极致。

故选C。

（3）考查观点态度。

根据最后一段中的Dimitris Ioannou所说的话可推知，他对于这种新型的晶体管持有积极乐观的态度。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测和观点态度三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解
Your teenage best friend could be good for your long-term mental health, according to a new study published in the journal Child Development According to the findings, teenagers aged 15 to 16 who had a close friendship rather than a larger group of friends they were less close to had a greater sense of self-worth by the time they were 25 years old. Those people with a very close best friend were also less likely to experience depression and social anxiety, the study found. "Close friendship strength in mid-adolescence predicted relative increases in self-worth and decreases in anxiety and depressive symptoms by early adulthood, "the authors, led by Rachel K, Narr, a postdoctoral student focused on clinical psychology at the University of Virginia, wrote.
A past research has suggested that adolescent friendships are important. Friendships during the teenage years predict academic success and improved mental health. But the new research further explores the type of friendships teenagers have. "My hunch(预感)was that close friendships compared to broader friendship groups and popularity may not function the same way," Narr told Quartz. "Being successful in one is not the same as being successful in the other." Many study participants did not continue to have a close relationship with their high-school best friend, leading the researchers to wonder what exactly was responsible for the mental health benefits. They suspected that the skills and ability to build such a friendship may be more important than the friendship itself.
And as the researchers point out, those skills are not necessarily brought to bear in the world of social media. "As technology makes it increasingly easy to build a social network of shallow friends, focusing time and attention on developing close connections with a few individuals should be a priority," study co-author Joseph Allen said in a statement.
（1）What is the benefit of having a close teenage friendship?
A. Excellent performance in high school.
B. A larger group of friends.
C. Mental health by early adulthood.
D. A large social network in the future.
（2）What can we learn about the past research?
A. It attached great significance to adolescent friendships.
B. It was totally different from the new research.
C. It helped improve teenagers' mental health.
D. It compared broader friendship groups with popularity.
（3）What did the researchers think might lead to the mental health benefits?
A. Not continuing to have a close relationship.
B. Having a best friend in high school.
C. Understanding the world of social media.
D. Knowing how to build a close friendship （4）What did the researcher Joseph suggest?
A. Learning to use social media.
B. Broadening your social circle.
C. Improving the skills of making friends.
D. Concentrating on high-quality relationship.
【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）D
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，研究发现，那些有非常亲密的好朋友的人也不太可能经历抑郁和社交焦虑。

与过去的研究认为友谊很重要相比，这项新研究进一步探索了青少年之间的友谊类型。

研究人员发现知道如何建立亲密的友谊可能比友谊本身更重要。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的”Your teenage best friend could be good for your long-term mental health，according to a new study published in the journal Child Development.“根据发表在《儿童发展》杂志上的一项新研究，你十几岁时最好的朋友可能对你的长期心理健康有好处。

可知，青少年亲密的友谊对精神健康有益。

故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的”A past research has suggested that adolescent friendships are important.“过去的一项研究表明，青少年间的友谊很重要，可知，过去的研
究非常重视青少年间的友谊。

故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据倒数第二段中的”They suspected that the skills and ability to build such a friendship may be mo re important than the friendship itself.“他们怀疑建立这种友谊的技巧和能力可能比友谊本身更重要，可知，研究人员认为知道如何建立亲密的友谊会带来心理健康益处。

故选D。

（4）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的"‘As technology makes it increasingly easy to build a social network of shallow friends, focusing time and attention on developing close connections with a few individuals should be a priority,’study co-author Joseph Allen said in a statement.”研究报告的撰写者之一Joseph Allen在一份声明中说:“随着科技的发展，建立浅层次朋友的社交网络变得越来越容易，因此，把时间和精力集中在与少数人建立密切联系上应该是优先考虑的事情。

”可知，研究人员Joseph Allen建议把时间和精力集中在于一些人发展亲密关系是应该是重中之重，即发展高质量的友谊。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

8．阅读理解
Effective Friday, Screen Actors Guild-American Federation of Television and Radio Artists (SAG-AFTRA) has declared a strike against 11 video game publishers over games that went into production after Feb. 17, 2015. The companies include some of the heavyweights of the industry, like Electronic Arts Productions, Insomniac Games, Activision and Disney.
The strike comes in light of an unsuccessful 19 months of negotiations after the existing labor contract known as the Interactive Media Agreement expired in late 2014. Overall, the strike is an effort to provide more secondary compensation along with other concerns, such as transparency upon hiring talent and on-set (制作中) safety precautions.
The video gaming industry has ballooned in recent years. The Los Angeles Times reports that the industry is in the midst of an intense increase in cash flow. In 2015, gaming produced $23.5 billion in domestic revenue.
But SAG-AFTRA says voice actors don't receive residuals (追加酬金) for their gaming work. Instead, they receive a fixed rate, which is typically about $825 for a standard four-hour vocal session. So the voice actors are pushing for the idea of secondary compensation—a performance bonus every time a game sells 2 million copies or downloads, or reaches 2 million subscribers, with a cap at 8 million.
"It's a very small number of games that would trigger this secondary compensation issue," said voice actor Crispin Freeman, who's a member of the union's negotiating committee. "This is an important aspect of what it means to be a freelance (从事自由职业的) performer, who isn't regularly enjoyed every single day working on projects."
Another major complaint from the actors is the secrecy of the industry. "I can't imagine if there's any other acting job in the world where you don't know what show you're in, when you're hired," says voice actor Keythe Farley, who chairs the SAG-AFTRA negotiating committee.
"And yet that happens every day in the video game world," Farley told reporters during a press
conference Friday. "I was a main character in Fallout 4, a character by the name of Kellogg, and I never knew that I was doing vocal recording for that game throughout the year and a half."
Scott Witlin, the lawyer representing the video game companies, says voice actors "represent less than one tenth of l percent of the work that goes into making a video game." So "even though they're the top craftsmen in their field," Witlin says, "if we pay them under a vastly different system than the people who do the 99.9 percent of the work, that's going to create far more problems for the video game companies."
（1）Why did SAG-AFTRA declare a strike against some video game publishers?
A. It had been cheated repeatedly in the 19 months of talks.
B. The labor contract between them had been violated.
C. The negotiations between them had broken down.
D. Its appeal to renegotiate the contract had been rejected.
（2）What do we learn from the passage about the video gaming industry?
A. It has invested a lot in its domestic market.
B. It has attracted many famous voice actors.
C. It has become more open and transparent.
D. It has gained huge profits in recent years.
（3）What are the voice actors demanding?
A. Extra pay based on sales revenues.
B. A non-discriminatory contract.
C. A limit on the maximum work hours.
D. More regular employment.
（4）What does Keythe Farley say about voice actors?
A. They are not paid on a regular basis.
B. They are kept in the dark about many details of their job.
C. They are discriminated against in the gaming industry.
D. They are not employed full-time.
（5）What is the argument of lawyer Scott Witlin?
A. Changing the pay system would cause the industry more problems.
B. Paying voice actors on an hourly basis is in fine with the law.
C. Voice actors should have a pay raise if they prove to be top craftsmen.
D. Voice actors are mere craftsmen, not professional performers.
【答案】（1）C
（2）D
（3）A
（4）B
（5）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，美国演员工会针对配音演员酬劳协商无果的问题进行了罢工。

近年来美国游戏行业快速发展，游戏公司从中获得巨大利润，但配音演员的酬劳却一直维持不变，故他们希望可以按照游戏销售量获得额外的报酬。

但律师认为如果改变声音演员的报酬系统，游戏公司将会面临更多的问题，因为他们只做了其中少之又少的工作。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的”The strike comes in light of an unsuccessful 19 months of negotiations after the existing labor contract known as the Interactive Media Agreement expired in late 2014.“可知，由于为期19个月的谈判没有成功，SAG-AFTRA决定采取罢工来。