西方文化导论Unit7

A. superstition
B. feudalism
C. rationalism
D. absolutism
Comprehension Exercises
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Comprehension Exercises
Match the following English writers with their works.
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Multiple choice.
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(4) Rousseau is famous for his idea of _________. A. the divine right of the king
_F_ (3) Locke rejected the division of legislative power and administrative power.
_T_ (4) Berkeley was the father of a philosophical school called phenomenalism.
_T_ (5) Hume’s empiricist philosophy greatly influenced Immanuel Kant’s critical philosophy.
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Multiple choice.
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A. legislative, administrative and judicial powers
B. legislative, executive and judicial powers
C. legislative, executive and electoral powers
D. legislative, executive and law enforcement powers
_F_ (2) The Enlightenment overcame the prejudice against female, and regarded both genders as equal in the society.
_F_ (3) The major agents of change in the arts, governments and economy were enlightened kings and priests.
(1) Which of the following philosophers first put forward the idea of the division of power?
A. David Hume.
B. John Locke.
C. George Berkeley.
Hale Waihona Puke D. Voltaire.Comprehension Exercises
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True or false questions.
_T_ (1) Locke rejects the idea of innate knowledge and argues for the acquisition of knowledge from the senses.
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True or false questions.
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_T_ (1) The Enlightenment is characterized by reason, which is a critical tool allowing man to get rid of prejudice and change the world, dominating nature through science.
_T_ (2) The late Renaissance focused on the metaphysical and rationalist philosophy, while the Enlightenment was based on epistemology and empiricism.
A. Montesquieu’s
B. Voltaire’s
C. Rousseau’s
D. Diderot’s
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Multiple choice.
(3) Montesquieu’s theory of the division of power divides the political authority into_________.
B. the social contract
C. the divine right of the human beings
D. empiricism
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Multiple choice.
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(5) The Enlightenment is not opposed to____________.
_T_ (4) The Enlightenment laid an ideological foundation for the breakout of the French Revolution.
_T_ (5) The Enlightenment unveiled the inauguration of the modern era and laid a solid foundation for the later process of the Western modernization.
economic and military achievements due to the measures and reforms taken by _L_o_u_is__X_I_V_. (3) In _1_8_th_ century, France lost its initial domination at the sea to England. (4) The Enlightenment was influenced by British _e_m_p_i_ri_c_is_m__ and dissemination of _sc_i_e_n_ti_f_ic_k_n_o_w__le_d_g_e_. (5) With the worsening situation of France in 18th century, more and more people, led by newly emerging _B_o_u_r_g_e_o_is_ie_, strongly demanded for political reforms.
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Multiple choice.
(2) The French Declaration of Human Rights and the American Declaration of Independence owed much of their sources and inspiration to _________Spirit of Laws(1748).
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Supplementary Resources
Interpretation of Cultural Terms
Immanuel Kant 康 德 (1724– 1804): An 18th-century German philosopher. He is regarded as one of the most influential thinkers of modern Europe and of the late Enlightenment.
(1) Henry Fielding (2) Jonathan Swift (3) Daniel Defoe (4) John Bunyan (5) John Milton
a. Paradise Lost b. Robinson Crusoe c. Gulliver’s Travels d. Pilgrim’s Progress e. Tom Jones
Interpretation of Cultural Terms
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Comprehension Exercises
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Comprehension Exercises
Fill in the blanks.
(1) The Enlightenment first started in _F_ra_n_c_e_. (2) In the 17th century, France became more powerful in