2019-2020学年盐城市第一高级中学高三英语下学期期中试题及答案解析

2019-2020学年盐城市第一高级中学高三英语下学期期中试题及答案
解析
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
If you had the opportunity to live forever, would you take it? Keeping your body alive indefinitely still seems like an impossibility, but some scientists think that digital technology may have the answer: creating a digital copy of your “self” and keeping it “alive” online long after your physical body has ceased to function.
In effect, the proposal is to clone a person electronically. Unlike the familiar physical clones — children that have identical features as their parents, but that are completely separate organisms with a separate life — your electronic clone would believe itself to be you. How might this be possible? The first step would be to mapthe brain.
How? One plan relies on the development of nanotechnology (纳米技术). Ray Kurzweil — one of the kings of artificial intelligence — predicts that within two or three decades we will have nano transmitters that can be put into the bloodstream. Inthe capillaries (毛细血管) of the brain, they would line up alongside the neurons and detect the details of the cerebral (大脑的) electronic activity. They would be able to send that information to a receiver inside a special helmet, so there would be no need for any wires sticking out of the head.
As a further step, Ray Kurzweil also imagines the nano transmitters being able to connect you to a world of virtual reality on the Internet, similar to what was shown in the film “Matrix”. With the nano transmitters in place, by thought alone, you could log on to the Internet and instead of the pictures coming up on your screen, they would play inside your mind. Rather than send your friends e-mails you would agree to meet up on some virtual tropical beach.
Some peoplebelieve that they can enjoy life after death. But why wait for that when you could have a shot of nanobots (纳米机器人) and upload your brain onto the Internet and live forever as a virtual surfer?
One snag: to exist on the net you will have to have your neural network parked on the computer of a web-hosting company. These companies want real money in real bank accounts every year or they will wipe your bit of the hard disc and sell the space to someone else. With your body six feet underground how will you pay?
1. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Nano transmitters can help map the human brain.
B. Electronic clones recreate the original human body.
C. Electronic clones may put their physical selves into movies.
D. Nano transmitters use a helmet to detect the cerebral activities.
2. What is the author’s attitude towards electronic clones?
A. Optimistic and careful.
B. Interested and unconvinced.
C. Excited and confused.
D. Assured and critical.
3. The author asks “how will you pay?” at the end of the article, because ________.
A. you can’t pay to exist on the Internet if you are physically dead
B. you can’t pay for hard disc space if you don’t have a bank account
C. you can’t pay for a special service if too many people want to use it
D.you can’t pay the web-hosting company if you don’t have a neural network
B
I once had my Chinese MBA students brainstorming on “two-hour business plans.” I separated them into six groups and gave them an example: a restaurant chain. The more original their ideas, the better, I said. Finally, five of the six groups presented plans for restaurant chains. The sixth proposed a catering service. Though I admitted the time limit had been difficult, I expressed my disappointment.
My students were middle managers, financial analysts and financiers from state-owned enterprises and global companies. They were without talent or opinions, but they had been shaped by an educational system that rarely stressed or rewarded critical thinking or inventiveness. The scene I just described came in different forms during my two years teaching at the school. Papers were often copied from the Web and the Harvard Business Review. Case study debates were written up and just memorized. Students frequently said that copying is a superior business strategy, better than inventing and creating.
InChina, every product you can imagine has been made and sold. But so few well-developed marketing and management minds have been raised that it will be a long time before most people in the world can name a Chinese brand.
With this problem in mind, partnerships with institutions like Yale and MIT have been established. And then there's the “thousand talent scheme.” this new government program is intended to improve technological modernization by attracting top foreign-trained scientists to the mainland with big money. But there are worries aboutChina's research environment. It's hardly known for producing independent thinking and openness, and even big salary offers may not be attractive enough to overcome this.
At last, forChina, becoming a major world creator is not just about setting up partnership with top western universities. Nor is it about gathering a group of well-educated people and telling them to think creatively. It's about establishing a rich learning environment for young minds. It's not that simple.
4. Why does the writer feel disappointed at his students?
A. Because there is one group presenting a catering service.
B. Because the six groups did not cooperate well in the brainstorm.
C. Because all the students copied a case for the difficult topic.
D. Because the students' ideas were lacking in creativeness.
5. Which of the following scenes is NOT considered as lack of creation?
A. Papers were often downloaded from the Internet.
B. Students often said that copying is a preferable business strategy.
C. Students combine knowledge and critical thoughts to solve a problem.
D. Case study debates were written up as well as recited.
6. We can infer form the passage that ________.
A. China can make and sell any product all over the world from its own creation.
B. high pay may not solve the problem ofChina's research environment.
C. cooperation with institutions has been set up to make a Chinese brand.
D. the new government program is aimed at encouraging imagination.
7. Which is the best title for the passage?
A Look for a new way of learning B. Reward creative thinking
C. How to become a creator
D. Establish a technical environment
C
Last year, 138,000San Franciscoresidents used Airbnb, a popular app designed to connect home renters and travelers. It’s a striking number for a city with a population of about 850,000, and it was enough for Airbnb to win a major victory in local elections, asSan Franciscovoters struck down a debatable rule that would have placed time restrictions and other regulations on short-term rental services.
The company fiercely opposed the measure, Proposition F, with a nearly $10 million advertising campaign. It also contacted its San Franciscan users with messages urging them to vote against Proposition F.
Most people think of Airbnb as a kind of couch-surfing app. The service works for one-night stays on road trips and longer stays in cities, and it often has more competitive pricing than hotels. It’s a textbook example of
the “sharing economy”, but not everyone is a fan.
The app has had unintended consequences inSan Francisco. As the San Francisco Chronicle reported last year, a significant amount of renting on Airbnb is not in line with the company’s image: middle-class families putting up a spare room to help make ends meet. Some users have taken advantage of the service, using it to turn their multiple properties into vacation rentals or even full-time rentals. Backers of Proposition F argued that this trend takes spaces off the conventional, better-regulated housing market and contributes to rising costs.
“The fact is, widespread abuse of short-term rentals is taking much needed housing off the market and harming our neighborhoods,” said ShareBetter SF, a group that supported Proposition F. Hotel unions have protested the company’s practices inSan Franciscoand other cities, saying that it creates an illegal hotel system.
San Franciscois in the middle of a long-term, deeply rooted housing crisis that has seen the cost of living explode. Actually, explode is a generous term. The average monthly rent for an apartment is around $4, 000. Located on a narrow outcropping of land overlooking the bay,San Franciscosimply doesn’t have enough space to accommodate the massive inflow of young, high-salaried tech employees flocking toSilicon Valley.
As the Los Angeles Times reported, someSan Franciscoresidents supported the measure simply because it seemed like a way to check a big corporation. Opponents of Proposition F countered that the housing crisis runs much deeper, and that passing the rule would have discouraged a popular service while doing little to solve the city’s existing problems.
8. The intention of Proposition F is to ________.
A. place time limits in local election.
B. set limits on short-term rental.
C. strike down a controversial rule.
D. urge users to vote against Airbnb.
9. What is the negative consequence of Airbnb onSan Francisco?
A. It shrinks the living space of middle-class families.
B. Users are taken advantage of by the service financially.
C. It makes the house market more competitive.
D. It indirectly leads to high house rental price.
10. The housing crisis inSan Franciscoresults from ________.
A. explosion of the living cost
B. its geographic characteristics
C. generosity of local enterprises
D. inflow of migrant population
11. Theauthor’s attitude toward Proposition F is ________.
A. objective
B. supportive
C. negative
D. indifferent
D
Most animals living in crowded conditions have particularly strong immune systems, so it long puzzled researchers that honeybees do not.
Part of the answer, discovered in 2015, is that queen bees vaccinate their eggs by moving parts of proteins from disease-causing pathogens to them before they are laid. These act as antigens totriggerthe development of a protective immune response in the developing young. But that observation raises the question of how the queen receives her antigen supply in the first place? Dr. Harwood wondered if the nurse bees were taking in parts of pathogens and passing them to royal jelly they were producing while eating the food brought to the hive.
To test this idea, he teamed up with a group at theUniversityofHelsinki, inFinland, led by Dr Heli Salmela. Together, they collected about 150 nurse bees and divided them among six queenless mini hives equipped with baby bees to look after. Instead of honey, they fed the nurses on sugar water, and for three of the hives they added P. larvae, a bacterium causing a hive-killing disease, to the sugar water.
In this case, to stop such an infection happening, Dr Harwood and Dr Salmela heat-treated the pathogens and so killed them in advance. They also labelled the dead bacteria with a fluorescent dye, to track them easily. And, sure enough, it was confirmed that parts of P. larvae were getting into royal jelly released by those bees which had been fed with the sugar water containing that.
All told, these findings suggest that nurse bees are indeed, through their royal jelly, passing antigens onto the queen for vaccinating her eggs. They also mean the nurses are vaccinating baby bees as well, because baby bees, too, receive royal jelly for the first few days after they come out.
12. What does the underlined word “trigger" in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Cut out.
B. Set off.
C. Slow down.
D. Put off.
13. Which is the main experimental subject in Paragraph 3?
A. Queen bees.
B. Nurse bees.
C. Bee eggs.
D. Baby bees.
14. Why was P. larvae added to the sugar water?
A. To test if it would cause a hive-killing disease.
B. To check how the bacterium would affect the hive.
C. To see whether the target bees would favor the taste.
D. To confirm the bees would pass pathogens to royal jelly.
15. What is the text mainly about?
A. How bees multiply.
B. How antigens function.
C. How bees get vaccinated.
D. How immune system works.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项Most of us don’ t have millions of dollars to go door-to-door to persuade people to care about climate change.___16___So let’s talk to them about climate change. Because if we can’t convince our parents to take action on climate, who can we convince?
It might be a hard conversation. If you do accept this challenge, here are a few suggestions:
Talk to them with love and respect. If you’ve ever used any poisonous terms, please get rid of them from your vocabulary.___17___
Share a couple of informative articles on the topic. Bill Mckibben’s article in Rolling Stone is great and very readable.___18___The most important thing for them to understand is that on our current path we may no longer have a climate that allows for secure societies within the lifetimes of today’s children.
Once these unpleasant facts are laid out, make it clear that you aren’t blaming them for this. Your parents likely made all of their decisions with a strong sense of morality and social responsibility, and could only make those decisions based on the information they had at the time.___19___But now that you have provided this new information, talk about how it warns them，and all of us, to behave in new ways.
Encourage them to buy environmentally friendly goods and services as much as possible. Talk to them about trying to avoid using or use less fossil fuels. But given the urgency and severity of the problem, also make it clear that this will not be enough.___20___
A. But most of us do have parents.
B. Ask them to please care for both of them.
C. Otherwise, you’ re making everything worse.
D. There’s no need to flood them with data.
E. And give them a hug, because they’d probably like that!
F. This is a challenge that requires us all to act as citizens, not just as consumers.
G. Therefore, if they have done something improper before, it is not necessarily their fault.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
The insistent knock on the door brought me quickly from my kitchen. With my children down for a nap, I____21____to answer before they were all awakened. We had just moved here and I couldn’t____22____who it would be. I openedthe door and a crack revealed an old man dressed in dirty clothing.
“Can I help you?” I asked, hoping he had the wrong____23____.
“Would you like to buy some fresh garden vegetables?” His voice was trembling but his eyes were____24____. I wondered if he badly needed the bit of money he was asking for his____25____. “I’m Mr. Locket living around the corner. My wife____26____and my children live far away,” he____27____. Later we knew that the need for companionship had sent him door to door____28____selling fruits and vegetables and ours was the only door opened to him.
As days went on, Mr. Locket became a____29____visitor. Every day he read books in our big chair with my children curled up on his lap. When they took an afternoon nap, he would_____30_____his head on the back of the chair. In his quiet and gentle way, he endeared himself to each child._____31_____the name “Grandpa Locket” slipped into our conversations.
Three years later, we had to move to Ontario. He arrived as usual that morning. “Mr. Locket,” I tried to_____32_____the news in a gentle way, “You’ve become a (n)_____33_____part of this family, but ...” Tears glistened in the corners of his eyes.
“I_____34_____to keep in touch with you and ...” My throat tightened. He nodded_____35_____softly said “Thank you for all your kindness to an old man. When I needed a family, you_____36_____me.” With tears, we all hugged him_____37_____.
About a year later, a small_____38_____from Mr. Locket’s daughter was delivered to our home. She informed us that our dear old friend had died. “I’m so grateful for your loving care for my father,” she wrote, “I can see how much you_____39_____to him, too.” Actually, we’re also grateful for the_____40_____love that swept into our lives the moment we opened that door.
21. A. hesitated B. hurried C. hated D. happened
22. A. imagine B. recognize C. believe D. acknowledge
23. A. number B. road C. direction D. address
24. A. shining B. understanding C. hopeful D. desperate
25. A. produce B. food C. clothes D. fruits
26. A. went away B. broke away C. passed away D. ran away
27. A. complained B. added C. screamed D. roared
28. A. in place of B. by means of C. in need of D. by order of
29. A. yearly B. monthly C. weekly D. daily
30. A. rest B. put C. plant D. lower
31. A. Gradually B. Suddenly C. Generally D. Quickly
32. A. announce B. make C. break D. report
33. A. natural B. inner C. necessary D. treasured
34. A. wish B. try C. promise D. struggle
35. A. but B. and C. yet D. so
36. A. included B. refused C. tolerated D. received
37. A. willingly B. tightly C. eagerly D. faithfully
38. A. book B. bill C. picture D. envelope
39. A. owed B. sent C. meant D. showed
40. A. unexpected B. deep C. permanent D. selfless
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
My grandma is a gentle lady. Like many women of her time, she has a talent___41.___sewing(缝纫). She made all my childhood clothes by hand. As a young girl, I didn't like playing outside with my friends. I preferred to spend time___42.___(help)her sew.
My grandma taught me___43.___to express love and care. Almost a year ago, I was struggling___44.___(find)a birthday present for my friend when a thought came to me: "Why don't I sew her a gift?" I made a___45.___(decide)to sew her a pencil case. I cut out material from___46.___old skirt, drew a design and started sewing.___47.___took me many tries to complete the case. The final result wasn't as pretty as I had imagined, but it was___48.___(good)pencil case I could make.
Just yesterday, my friend___49.___(call)me and said that every time sees the pencil case, she thinks of me and gets a warm feeling. Hearing____50.____she said made me very happy.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

I once had a bad experience. One day several years ago, I went shop with my friends. As I entered a small shoe store, but I saw two women selecting shoes. Suddenly they raise their voice and began to talk loudly about how beautifully the shoes were and how low the price was. Just then an old couple walked onto the shop. The two women urged her to buy a pair. When the couple left a store with the shoes, I noticed the shop owner give the two women some cashes. He also promised offer them more unless more people bought his shoes.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.据调查，高一学生课外阅读的时间每周平均为7小时，高二为4小时，高三为2小时。

请你根据这一信息，以“Senior High School Students’ Extracurricular Reading”为题，用英语按以下要点为你校校报写一篇100-120词的短文。

1.描述以上有关高中生进行课外阅读的信息；
2.分析原因（如没认识到阅读的重要性、作业多）；
3.简短评论。

注意：文章的标题已给出（不计词数）。

Senior High School Students’ Extracurricular Reading
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1. A
2. B
3. A
4. D
5. A
6. B
7. C
8. B 9. D 10. D 11. A
12. B 13. B 14. D 15. C
16. A 17. C 18. D 19. G 20. F
21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. A 32.
C 33.
D 34. C 35. B 36. A 37. B 38. D 39. C 40. A
41. for
42. helping
43. how 44. to find
45. decision
46. an 47. It
48. the best
49. called 50. what
51.(1). shop→shopping (2). 删除but (3). raise→raised (4). beautifully→beautiful (5). onto→into (6). her→them (7). a→the (8).cashes→cash (9). 在promised后面加to（或在offer前加to）(10). unless→if/when
52.略。