浅谈房地产抵押贷款评估中存在的问题及对策

浅谈房地产抵押贷款评估中存在的问题及对策

摘要：近些年来，伴随着经济的改革，我国房地产行业的蓬勃发展，同时房地产抵押贷款逐渐增加，已成为企业及个人在各商业银行担保贷款中举足轻重的部分,而房地产抵押估价结果是各商业银行给贷款方提供贷款额度的重要依据，因此房地产抵押估价是否客观公正，关系到金融机构、借款人（抵押人）及评估机构的切身利益，房地产抵押贷款评估也变得十分重要，但我国房地产评估行业尚处于发展的阶段，在房地产抵押评估的同时存在着一系列的问题，而这些问题又会或多或少的影响房地产抵押贷款的风险，因此解决房地产抵押贷款评估的问题，将会利于房地产抵押的发展。本文首先阐述房地产抵押贷款评估概念的基础，房地产抵押贷款的基本评估方法及各方法的使用范围，然后在此基础上叙述从各方面分析目前房地产抵押贷款评估中存在的主要风险及产生的原因，然后提出在房地产抵押贷款评估存在的问题，在此基础上针对其问题提出了一系列有效可行的措施，以此来防范房地产抵押估价风险及房地产抵押贷款风险，促进我国房地产估价业和房地产金融业的良性可循环发展。

关键词：房地产抵押；抵押估价；估价人员；金融风险

Abstract：In recent years, with the rapid development of economic reform, China's real estate industry, and real estate mortgage loans increased gradually, has become the play a decisive role in the commercial bank loan guarantees in the part of the enterprise and individual, and real estate mortgage appraisal results is the commercial banks for loans to provide an important basis for the amount of the loan, so real real estate mortgage appraisal is an objective and fair, to financial institutions, the borrower (collateral) and assessment agencies' vital interests, real estate mortgage loan evaluation has become very important, but the real estate industry evaluation of China real is still in the development stage, at the same time assessment of the real estate mortgage exist a series of problems, the risk of these the problem will be real estate mortgages more or less affected,

so to solve the real estate mortgage assessment of the problem, will be conducive to the development of the real estate mortgage. This paper firstly describes the real estate mortgage loan assessment concept, using the scope of the basic evaluation method of real estate mortgage and the method, and then on the basis of the analysis of main risks existing in the current real estate mortgage assessment and causes in all aspects, and then put forward the evaluation problems in the real estate mortgage, on the basis of the problem and put forward a series of effective measures, in order to guard against the risk of real estate mortgage appraisal of real estate mortgage risk, promote China's real estate industry and the real estate financial industry sustainable development.

Key Words：Real estate ;Mortgage appraisal ;Valuation;Financial risks

当前，伴随着经济的改革, 我国房地产行业有了飞速的发展，同时房地产抵押贷款逐渐增加，已成为企业及个人在各商业银行担保贷款中举足轻重的部分。因此房地产抵押贷款评估也变得十分重要，但我国房地产评估行业尚处于发展的阶段，在房地产抵押贷款评估的同时存在着一系列问题，为促进我国房地产估价业和房地产金融业的良性可循环发展，房地产抵押贷款评估需在其理论上发现问题，并找出其根源问题，再提出有效的解决方法，这样才会完善房地产抵押贷款评估，房地产抵押贷款才会有所保障。

一、房地产抵押贷款评估的理论及方法

（一）房地产评估的理论

房地产抵押贷款是指借款人提供房产或地产作为还款的物质保证向银行或其他金融机构的抵押贷款。它是房地产信贷业务的主要形式，在融资业务中占据了重要地位。

房地产抵押贷款评估，是指为确定房地产抵押贷款额度提供价值参考依据，对房地产抵押价值进行分析、估算和判定的活动，为抵押房地产在估价时点的市场价值,等于假定未设立法定优先受偿权利下的市场价值减去房地产估价师知悉