英美文学选读归纳

Of Studies 论学习
John Milton 約翰.彌爾頓
ParaBaidu Nhomakorabeaise Lost
失樂園
Satan, after being defeated in his rebel against God, tempts Adam and Eve to eat the apples from the Forbidden Tree, and causes the Fall of Man
suffer from treachery and infidelity; and Macbeth’s lust Macbeth) for power stirs up his ambition and leads him to incessant crimes.) literature should be a combination of beauty, kindness and truth, and should reflect nature and reality a well known philosopher scientist and essayist; lays the foundation of modern science; his "Essays" is an important landmark in the development of English prose brevity\compactness\powerfulness the leading figure(代表人物) of the "metaphysical school(玄学派); his poems can be divided into two groups: the secular and the religious; sermons; The songs and Sonnets a seemingly unfocused diversity of experiences and attitudes and a free range of feelings and moods; dynamic rather than static A versatile writer; fight for freedom in all aspects as a Christian humanist
Name/CN Name The Renaissance Period
Writer's Features
Writings / CN Writings
Writing's Features
English Literature
1. age: 1500-1660 2. background: stimulated by the rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek classic; England's Golden Age, especially in literature; the Church of England broke away from the Catholic Church 3. features: (1)New poetical forms introduced, e.g. blank verse and sonnet; (2) the English drama based itself on the models of Roman and Greek classics and the precedents from Italy and Spain (3)the universal tend of humanism in emphasizing man's dignity and his worldly happiness Edmund Spenser 1. The poet's poet; The Faerie Queen An allegory; "a historical poem" to present the 埃德蒙.斯賓賽 2. Perfect melody; a rare sense of beauty; a splendid example of a perfect gentleman; a hero 仙后 imagination; a lofty moral purity and seriousness; a (The Shepheades Calender 牧 represent one of the 12 virtues; fierce warres dedicated idealism 人日记;Epithalamion 新婚喜 and faithful loves 歌) Christopher 1. perfected blank verse and turned it into the principal Dr Fauctus 1. symbolic of a humanist in the Renaissance; Marlowe medium of English drama 浮士德博士 based on the German legend of a magician 克里斯扥夫.馬洛 2. created a series of images of the Renaissance hero for The Passionate Shepherd to aspiring for knowledge and finally meeting （Blank verse English drama His Love 多情的牧羊人致情 his tragic end as a result of selling his soul to University wit） 人 the Devil William The greatest playwright and the most popular sonnet Sonnets 1. 154 poems; English form Shakespeare writer; a creation of characters; skillful plot construction; 十四行詩 2. The traditional theme of the play is to 威廉.莎士比亞 irony; a good use of a language; skilled in various poetic The Merchant of Venice praise the friendship between Antonio and 威廉 莎士比亞 forms; of three quatrains and a couplet(三节四行诗加一 威尼斯商人 Bassanio, to idealize Portia as a heroine of 节偶句); national unity under a mighty and just sovereign Hamlet great beauty, wit and loyalty, and to expose is a necessity—“The King’s government must be carried 哈姆雷特 the insatiable greed and brutality of the Jew. on” (在一个强大英明的君主统治下的国家， 统一是非常 (Venus and Adonis 维纳斯和 Many people today tend to regard the play as 必要的) 安东尼斯; The Rape of a satire of the Christians' hypocrisy and their Lucrece 鲁克丽斯受辱 false standards of friendship and love, their (Each hero has his weekness of nature: Hamlet, the 记;romantic tragicomedies 浪 cunning ways of pursuing worldliness and melancholic scholar-prince, faces the dilemma between 漫悲喜剧;Romeo and Juliet; their unreasoning prejudice against Jews action and mind; Othello’s inner weakness is made use of Shakespeare's greatest (Shylock). by the outside evil force; the old king Lear who is tragedies are : Hamlet, 3. A man of contemplation rather than action; unwilling to totally give up his power makes himself Othello, King Lear, and has the qualities of a “blood-and-thunder”
thriller and a philosophical exploration of life and death
Francis Bacon 弗蘭西斯.培根
John Donne 約翰.鄧恩
It analyzes what studies chiefly serve for, the different ways adopted by different people to pursue studies, and how studies exert influence over human charater The Sun Rising 1. dramatizing and illustrating the state of 太阳升起 being in love Death, Be Not Proud 2. a bold challenge to the proud Death 死神， 莫骄横 （Holy Sonnets）
The Neoclassical Period
1. age: 1660-1798 2. background: The English society of the neoclassical period was a turbulent one. Fast development of England as a nation; the Age of Enlightenment or the Age of Reason 3. features: (1)a furtherance of the Renaissance – the Enlightenment Movement, advocated universal education (2)reason, "eternal truth", "eternal justice", "eternal equality" was what human society should seek for; advocated universal education (3)reviving the interest in old classical works (neoclassicism) (4)keep to order, logic, restrained emotion and accuracy (5)had specific rules for almost every genre of literature John Bunyan As a stout Puritan, he had made a conscientious study of The Pilgrim’s Progress Is the most successful religious allegory in the 約翰.班楊 the Bible and firmly believed in salvation through spiritual 天路历程 天路历程 English language; its purpose is to urge struggle (Symbolizes human world, people to abide by Christian doctrines and