新标准大学英语4单元翻译题答案
新标准大学英语综合教程4(unit1-6)课后答案及课文翻译
see3 Rewrite the sentences using see .1 In 1987 there was a major stock market crash.1987 saw a major stock market crash.2 The early 1980s was a period of steady economic growth.The early 1980s saw a period of steady economic growth.3 Long hair made a brief return in the 1990s.The 1990s saw a brief return to long hair.4 On the first day of the sales there were hundreds of people queuing in the streets.The first day of the sales saw hundreds of people queuing in the streets.5 There was great techno logical change during our grandparents‘ generation.Our grandparents‘ generation saw a great technological change.turn out to be4 Rewrite the sentences using turn out to be .1 I thought the ring was made of gold, but in the end it proved to be silver.I thought the ring was made of gold, but it turned out to be silver.2 She looked like my cousin, but she was actually a complete stranger.She looked like my cousin, but she turned out to be a complete stranger.3 The house needed a lot of work doing on it, but it proved to be a good investment.The house needed a lot of work doing on it, but it turned out to be a good investment.4 I saw smoke rising from the building, but it was a false alarm.I saw smoke rising from the building, but it turned out to be a false alarm.5 I didn‘t want to move to England, but in the end it proved to be a wise decision.I didn‘t want to move to England, but it turned out to be a wise decision.collocations5 Read the explanations of the words. Answer the questions.1hint A hint can be something you say to show your feelings without saying directly what they are, a small amount of something, or a piece of advice.(a) If someone has a hint of a smile on their face, what do you see?You see just a small sign of a smile but not a proper smile.(b) What helpful hints would you give someone starting their own business?I‘d suggest that they need to have a clear focus on what the business is about and exactly how it will work, eg the person should identify a niche in the market that the new business can fill.(c) If you drop a hint about what you would like for your birthday, do you ask for it directly?No, of course not! You just find a way to join in with a normal conversation and say something about what you would like.2range This word can mean a number of things of the same general type, the distance or limits of something, or to move freely.(a) What can you find in a shop which stocks a wide range of products?You can find products of all kinds, a good variety of them.(b) What would be the best thing to do if you were within range of someone with a gun?Run quickly away out of range if there is time; if not, take shelter.(c) Which is the biggest mountain range in China?Well, the Himalayas are the highest, but the Tian Shan or Kunlun mountain ranges are longer.(d) What have hens which lay free-range eggs been able to do?They have been able to run and walk around freely, compared to hens which are kept in small cagesor containers.3 reflect This word can mean to be a sign of a situation, or to think carefully about something.(a) Whose image is reflected if you look in a mirror?Your own image is reflected back to you when you look in a mirror.(b) Do you believe that the state of the economy can be reflected in the height of hemlines?I wouldn‘t have believed it before I read the passage, but I believe it now!(c) Do you ever reflect on the mistakes you make in English?Yes, I do try to reflect on them because I know such reflection is a good way to improve my English.4 rise This word can mean an increase in number, amount or value, or the achievement of success or power.(a) Why was there a sharp rise in unemployment in the West in the 1930s?The sharp rise in unemployment was due to the stock market crash and the financial crisis.(b) What do you know about the rise and fall of the Roman Empire?I know that over several hundred years the Roman Empire expanded, but after a time it then declined over a long period. There‘s a famous book called The Rise and Fall of the Roman Empire. (c) Do you live in a high-rise block of flats?I know that a lot of people in cities in China do live in large apartment blocks which have many floors, maybe 15 or 20 or more, but I live in a flat in a much smaller house of just three floors.(d) What are the different factors which give rise to new fashions?Fashion designers produce innovations and new styles. There are changes in the economic situation so that people may spend more or less on clothes; also new materials and colours become available,and people get different ideas about what to wear when they travel to other places or watch filmsand TV.6 Translate the paragraph into Chinese.Sometimes the hemline indicator, as it‘s called, can even precede and predict a change in the mood of the stock market long before it actually happens. In September 2007, at the New York fashion shows, which were displaying their styles for spring 2008, the trend was for much longer dresses and skirts, many to mid-calf or even down to the ankles. Some people felt this showed that the hemline indicator was no longer reliable, and that designers no longer dictated what people would wear. During the London and New York fashion shows in September 2008, hemlines continued to drop. But sure enough, in the fall of 2008, the stock market indexes fell dramatically when the banking crisis hit the US, Europe and then the rest of the world. Hemlines were no longer following the stock market – they were showing the way and indicating future economic trends.有时候，所谓的裙摆指标甚至能事先早早就预告股市的变化。
新标准大学英语综合教程4第二版unit1-6课文翻译及课后翻译
英语翻译Unit one Nine to fivepassage1 大学毕业找工作的第一要义：别躺在沙发上做梦今年夏天，超过65 万的大学生毕业离校，其中有许多人根本不知道怎么找工作。
在当今金融危机的背景下，做父母的该如何激励他们？1 七月，你看着英俊的21岁的儿子穿上学士袍，戴上四方帽，骄傲地握着大学荣誉学位证书，拍毕业照。
这时，记忆中每年支付几千英镑，好让儿子吃好、并能偶尔参加聚会的记忆开始消退。
但现在，你又不得不再考虑钱的问题。
2 等到暑假快要结束，全国各地的学生正在为新学期做准备的时候，你却发现大学毕业的儿子还歪躺在沙发上看电视。
除此之外，他只是偶尔发发短信，浏览社交网站Facebook，或者去酒吧喝酒。
这位属于“千禧一代”的年轻人一夜之间变成了“抱怨一代”的成员。
他能找到工作吗？3 这就是成千上万家庭所面临的状况：今年夏天，超过65万的大学生毕业，在当今金融危机的背景下，他们中的大多数人不知道自己下一步该做什么。
父母只会唠叨，而儿女们则毫无缘由地变成了叛逆者。
他们知道自己该找份工作，但却不知道如何去找。
4 来自米德尔塞克斯郡的杰克·古德温今年夏天从诺丁汉大学政治学系毕业，获得二级一等荣誉学士学位。
他走进大学就业服务中心，但又径直走了出来，因为他看见很多人在那里排长队。
跟他一起住的另外5个男孩子也都跟他一样，进去又出来了。
找工作的压力不大，虽然他所认识的大多数女生都有更明确的计划。
5 他说：“我申请政治学研究工作，但被拒绝了。
他们给的年薪是 1.8万镑，交完房租后所剩无几，也就够买一罐豆子，可他们还要有工作经历或硕士学位的人。
然后我又申请参加快速晋升人才培养计划，并通过了笔试。
但在面试时，他们说我‘太冷漠’了，谈吐‘太像专家政治论者’。
我觉得自己不可能那样，但我显然就是那样的。
”6 打那以后，他整个夏天都在“隐身”。
他能够轻松地复述出电视剧《交通警察》中的若干片段。
他白天看电视的时间太长，已经到了影响健康的地步。
新标准大学英语综合教程4Unit text 1-10 答案
Unit 11 embellish2 upcoming3 highlight4 exceeds5 fraught6 concise7 apathy8 recounted 9gamble 10 demanding 11 repay 12 clutched 13 redirect 14 transition 15 thriving 16 deduct 17 revert 18 overdo 19 investors 20 comprehensive21 up 22 through 23 if 24 down 25 for 26 by 27 on 28 to 29 in 30 outYour answer Correct answer(31) slump slump(32) proceed aimless(33) landlord landlord(34) client client(35) hassle hassle(36) loan loan(37) honesty honesty(38) sympathetically sympathize(39) financially financially(40) Fortunately Fortunately CabddUnit 21.Can weYour answer Correct answerforego forego2.Your answer Correct answerdialect dialect3.There's nothing left to do now butYour answer Correct answerawait await4.I love going on vacation, but I alwaysYour answer Correct answerdrown drown5.After three huge successes, George became one of the mostHollywood.Your answer Correct answerdrown influential6.There have been far too manyYour answer Correct answermysterious mysterious7.do!Your answer Correct answeridle idle8.Your answer Correct answerfoster foster9.SheYour answer Correct answernormally normally10.Your answer Correct answerclassification classification11.exclude exclude12.Your answer Correct answerstature stature13.Your answer Correct answerobstacle obstacle14.Your answer Correct answerneglect neglect15.been there before.Your answer Correct answeradvantageous advantageous16.I'm going to invest my money in Microsoft, and I strongly suggest you doYour answer Correct answerlikewise likewise17.It is critical toYour answer Correct answercite cite18.Your answer Correct answeroriginality originality19.It's difficult tointeract interact20.It's common for politicians to use almost anything asYour answer Correct answerammunition ammunitionSection B: Fill in each of the blanks with a suitable word.21.The toughest thing about moving away was when I had to partYour answer Correct answerwith with22.into summer.Your answer Correct answeras as23.Please leave me alone; I'm simply lookingYour answer Correct answerfor for24.Your answer Correct answerto to25.Your answer Correct answerwith with26.out out27.Your answer Correct answerFor For28.Your answer Correct answerby on29.I think the reason we're such good friends is because we have so muchYour answer Correct answerin in30.Your answer Correct answerat uponPart II: Banked ClozeYour answer Correct answer(31) recommendation recommendation(32) adventurer adventurer(33) stereotypical stereotypical(34) gratuitous gratuitous(35) confront confront(36) indubitably enlightenment(37) sacrifice sacrifice(38) undoing undoing(39) desperately desperately(40) tackle tackleBdbcaUnit 3Acbda cbdba acbda bcadc out to off into down upon after up away aroundYour answer Correct answer(31) glamorous glamorous(32) individuality individuality(33) credentials credentials(34) stunning stunning(35) daring daring(36) superficial superficial(37) lavish lavish(38) exclusively exclusively(39) unstable inescapable(40) lure lureDaccdUnit 41.Your answer Correct answermarital marital2.Your answer Correct answeroverseas overseas3.Your answer Correct answeralign align4.The lawyer spent all week trying toYour answer Correct answercompile compile5.We can't afford to lose Thomas—Your answer Correct answerindispensable indispensable6.Your answer Correct answersuperficial superficial7.she wants.Your answer Correct answerdeceive deceive8.Your answer Correct answerpathetic pathetic9.PleaseYour answer Correct answernotify notify10.change.Your answer Correct answercompatible compatibleDbdba bcdac 21-30 down out from out on in down by into upYour answer Correct answer(31) wicked wicked(32) desirable desirable(33) devastating devastating(34) abject abject(35) greed greed(36) jealous jealous(37) prone prone(38) naturally naturally(39) yearn yearn(40) unrealistic unrealisticCbadbUnit 5.Your answer Correct answereloquent eloquent2.Your answer Correct answeretiquette etiquette3.Your answer Correct answerintellectual intellectual4.Your answer Correct answeranimated animated5.Your answer Correct answeravailability availability6.Her brother wasYour answer Correct answerentrusted entrusted7. Sadly, my grandmother went through much of her life feeling like there was a(n)Your answer Correct answerstigma stigma8.Your answer Correct answerundermine undermine9.It's obvious that Kevin has amazinglanguages!Your answer Correct answerlinguistic linguistic10.Your answer Correct answerdecidedly decidedlyCdabc abbdc with off as than without that over out into aboutYour answer Correct answer(31) patriarchal patriarchal(32) myriad myriad(33) masculine masculine(34) matriarchal matriarchal(35) presume presume(36) revealing revealing(37) feminism feminism(38) disqualifies disqualifies(39) quote quote(40) singular singularBdabcUnit 61.went out.Your answer Correct answerauxiliary auxiliary2.ones.Your answer Correct answerselection selection3.Your answer Correct answerrelapse relapse4. Soldiers in the military quickly learn that their superior officers are often not veryYour answer Correct answertolerant tolerant5.During wartime, there's usually a surge insupport a common cause.Your answer Correct answernationalism nationalism6.I've never had a friend quite soYour answer Correct answerloyal loyal7.Mr. Sanford, I love your daughter and I'd like to ask for your permission to her.Your answer Correct answerpropose propose8.Your answer Correct answereradicate eradicate9.of voices.Your answer Correct answerdegenerate degenerate10. If you see anything suspicious, please report it immediately to one of theYour answer Correct answeruniformed uniformed11.Your answer Correct answermotto motto12.Your answer Correct answerliquor liquor13.in popularity every day.Your answer Correct answertyranny tyranny14.Last Saturday, we stood in line for an hour to get a cone from the ice creamYour answer Correct answervendor vendor15.College students usually begin their first year withfamiliar with their new environment.Your answer Correct answerorientation orientation16.Your answer Correct answerHistorians Historians17.Your answer Correct answerdispute dispute18.Your answer Correct answerrenowned renowned19.Your answer Correct answerinsight insight20. After ten long years of holding a grudge against him, I think it's finally time to makeYour answer Correct answeramends amendsSection B: Fill in each of the blanks with a suitable word.21.Your answer Correct answerin in22.Your answer Correct answerback back23.After our dog destroyed the living room couch, we packed himschool.Your answer Correct answeroff off24.Your answer Correct answeroff off25.The book can be summedYour answer Correct answerup up26.Can you get meYour answer Correct answerout out27.Your answer Correct answeron on28.My ankle is still sore, so I'm afraid I'm going to have to sitYour answer Correct answerout out29.Your answer Correct answeras as30.countries.Your answer Correct answerwithout amongYour answer Correct answer(31) lamentable lamentable(32) democracy democracy(33) fallacy fallacy(34) authenticity authenticity(35) unhesitatingly unhesitatingly(36) decipher decipher(37) archaeology archaeology(38) offensive offensive(39) fragment fragment(40) destiny destinyCabdbUnit 7Cbdca bdadc accdb abdacOff of up in to down with as back awayYour answer Correct answer(31) orchard orchard(32) synonymous synonymous(33) territory territory(34) howling howling(35) creak creak(36) gang gang(37) conquer conquer(38) incredible incredible(39) Satisfactory Ironically(40) cease ceaseAcdbcUnit 81.—it's completely random.Your answer Correct answerlogic logic2.Your answer Correct answerambiguity ambiguity3.Your answer Correct answerlofty lofty4.Your answer Correct answerplaza plaza5.room.Your answer Correct answercomplexity complexity6.Your answer Correct answeropponent opponent7.Your answer Correct answerimply imply8.The review of his new book included a lot ofYour answer Correct answercriticism criticism9.Jacob wascrime?"Your answer Correct answerindignant indignant10.We used to be best friends; it'sYour answer Correct answerinconceivable inconceivable11.Your answer Correct answerlayout layout12.Your answer Correct answererect erect13.Your answer Correct answerscope scope14.In terms of intelligence, this year's Nobel Prize winnerfield.Your answer Correct answertranscends transcends15.Einstein'sYour answer Correct answerintellectual intellectual16.Your answer Correct answerexhibit exhibit17.Your answer Correct answercontemplate contemplate18.work.Your answer Correct answerstimulate stimulate19.Your answer Correct answerhoist hoist20.At this point, any change will be a welcomeYour answer Correct answerimprovement improvementSection B: Fill in each of the blanks with a suitable word.21.She made a vowYour answer Correct answerthat that22.Your answer Correct answerdo do23.Your answer Correct answerso so24.Your answer Correct answerin in25.Your answer Correct answerfrom from26.Your answer Correct answerof of27.It may sound unbelievable, but my wife and I experienced loveYour answer Correct answerat at28.Your answer Correct answerin in29.The speaker was completely surprised by the outburstYour answer Correct answerof of30.Your answer Correct answerfor forYour answer Correct answer(31) skyline skyline(32) aesthetically aesthetically(33) picturesque picturesque(34) fragile fragile(35) conform conform(36) sentiment sentiment(37) exquisite exquisite(38) prosperity prosperity(39) presumably presumably(40) interpret interpretCdbdaUnit 9Dbdac badad bcbad acbba in at on/upon to of for from with of alongYour answer Correct answer(31) ongoing ongoing(32) manipulate manipulate(33) illustrate illustrate(34) proficiency proficiency(35) blur blur(36) isolated isolated(37) purity purity(38) communal communal(39) globalization globalization(40) utopia utopiaAbdddUnit 101.After the accident, Jeff wasYour answer Correct answerparalyzed paralyzed2.Marilyn Monroe isYour answer Correct answerdoubtless doubtless3.Your answer Correct answerhollow hollow4.Your answer Correct answerannihilated annihilated5.Please don't confuse me with myYour answer Correct answerpredecessor predecessor6.Your answer Correct answerintervene intervene7.It's difficult toYour answer Correct answergauge gauge8.Your answer Correct answersubtle subtle9. Since Mike was prepared to speak to Sally over the phone, her presence creates anYour answer Correct answercomplication complication10.The tables and chairs must be organized in exactly thisattention.Your answer Correct answerconfiguration configurationAcaba cdbad by through of to by on in of for ofYour answer Correct answer(31) verge verge(32) exploration exploration(33) geographical geographical(34) tropical tropical(35) longitude longitude(36) latitude latitude(37) grid grid(38) mileage mileage(39) lulled lulled(40) terrific terrific acbdb。
新标准大学英语综合教程4第二版unit1-6课文翻译及课后翻译
英语翻译Unit one Nine to fivepassage1 大学毕业找工作的第一要义：别躺在沙发上做梦今年夏天，超过65 万的大学生毕业离校，其中有许多人根本不知道怎么找工作。
在当今金融危机的背景下，做父母的该如何激励他们？1 七月，你看着英俊的21岁的儿子穿上学士袍，戴上四方帽，骄傲地握着大学荣誉学位证书，拍毕业照。
这时，记忆中每年支付几千英镑，好让儿子吃好、并能偶尔参加聚会的记忆开始消退。
但现在，你又不得不再考虑钱的问题。
2 等到暑假快要结束，全国各地的学生正在为新学期做准备的时候，你却发现大学毕业的儿子还歪躺在沙发上看电视。
除此之外，他只是偶尔发发短信，浏览社交网站Facebook，或者去酒吧喝酒。
这位属于“千禧一代”的年轻人一夜之间变成了“抱怨一代”的成员。
他能找到工作吗？3 这就是成千上万家庭所面临的状况：今年夏天，超过65万的大学生毕业，在当今金融危机的背景下，他们中的大多数人不知道自己下一步该做什么。
父母只会唠叨，而儿女们则毫无缘由地变成了叛逆者。
他们知道自己该找份工作，但却不知道如何去找。
4 来自米德尔塞克斯郡的杰克·古德温今年夏天从诺丁汉大学政治学系毕业，获得二级一等荣誉学士学位。
他走进大学就业服务中心，但又径直走了出来，因为他看见很多人在那里排长队。
跟他一起住的另外5个男孩子也都跟他一样，进去又出来了。
找工作的压力不大，虽然他所认识的大多数女生都有更明确的计划。
5 他说：“我申请政治学研究工作，但被拒绝了。
他们给的年薪是万镑，交完房租后所剩无几，也就够买一罐豆子，可他们还要有工作经历或硕士学位的人。
然后我又申请参加快速晋升人才培养计划，并通过了笔试。
但在面试时，他们说我‘太冷漠’了，谈吐‘太像专家政治论者’。
我觉得自己不可能那样，但我显然就是那样的。
”6 打那以后，他整个夏天都在“隐身”。
他能够轻松地复述出电视剧《交通警察》中的假设干片段。
他白天看电视的时间太长，已经到了影响健康的地步。
新标准大学英语综合教程单元测试第4单元答案
新标准大学英语综合教程单元测试第4单元答案1.Many people grumble about the influx of immigrants to our city,butI think it's actually a good thing for the economy. Your answer Correct answergrumble grumble2.Some issues,such as immigration and trade,have transnationalimplications.Your answer Correct answertransnational transnational3.One of the problems with reading e-books is that you can't take notes inthe margin.Your answer Correct answermargin margin4.The town council passed legislation that made it easier for people toopen small businesses.Your answer Correct answerlegislation legislation5.There are some mysteries that have baffled scientists for centuries.Your answer Correct answerbaffled baffled6.I'm in shock—have you seen the staggering stock market numbers thismorningYour answer Correct answerstaggering staggering7.We are all living in an increasingly multicultural society as more andmore people move to different countries.Your answer Correct answermulticultural multicultural8.The computer's influence on our daily lives is immeasurable;it has had themost massiveeffect on how humans live.Your answer Correct answermassive massive9.There will always be people who disapprove of newtechnology simplybecause it is"different."Your answer Correct answerdisapprove disapprove10.After several years of travel,Jake moved to London to find a job,a house,and the stabilityhe needed in his life.Your answer Correct answerstability stabilitySection B:Choose the best way to complete the sentences.11.Some people have an unhealthy_____with technology and need to have every new gadgetavailable.A.sessionB.obsessionC.recessionD.cessation12.After much_____,Heather was finally able to convince her boss to award her employees witha holiday bonus.A.desistenceB.consistenceC.insistenceD.resistance13.It's hard to_____what the future might look like,but science fiction writers have beendoing it for over a hundred years.A.visualizeB.conferC.mechanizeD.ascertain14.I know almost everyone loves her new book,but I'm not even_____interested in reading it.A.massivelyB.supposedlyC.entirelyD.remotely15.Even though Mr Lewis didn't say it out loud,the_____ in his speech was that his staff didn'twork hard enough.A.personificationB.implicationC.justificationD.explanation16.Many people complain that the cost of education is prohibitively expensive,but I think thecost of_____is much higher.A.ignoreB.ignorantC.ignoranceD.ignoring17.After he lost the competition,Lawrence felt completely and utterly_____.A.dispiritedB.inquisitiveC.observantD.unchanged18.We need to come up with a_____explanation for why we missed class yesterday.A.plausibleB.sentientC.staggeringD.corporate19.Paul has become very_____and conceited since he first tasted fame.A.arroganceB.elegantC.eleganceD.arrogant20.Dinosaurs have been_____for approximately65million years!A.succinctB.extinctC.instinctD.blinkedSection C:Complete each sentence with a suitable word.21.I'm as ignorant of your country's laws as you are of mine.Your answer Correct answeras as22.It's a pretty safe bet that almost all college graduates are moretechnically savvy than their parents.Your answer Correct answerthat that23.What do you make of the generation of MP3players Your answer Correct answerof of24.The New York team qualified for the championship round by a narrowmargin.Your answer Correct answerby by25.Forall the excitement surrounding the new computer program, not much is different.Your answer Correct answerFor For26.My mother still hasn't come to grips withthe convenience of e-mail.Your answer Correct answerwith with27.How can we ask George to help in such a way that he will think it'shis ideaYour answer Correct answerin in28.When you think about it,it is not surprising that mostpeople now owna cell phone.Your answer Correct answerthat that29.I think it's time to buy new pants when the knees begin to wear out.Your answer Correct answerout out30.In the wake of the earthquake,many people displayed an incredibleamount of generosity.Your answer Correct answerof ofPart II:Banked ClozeQuestions31to40are based on the following passage. When m y grandfather thinks about how the world is changing, he inevitably tells the storyof Dr Reynolds.Dr Reynolds was a(n)(31)eminentdoctor from the big city.Itseemed as if he was in the newspaper every day.My grandfather lived in asmall(32)suburboutside the city.This was at a time when s uch neighbourhoodswere still relatively new.People just couldn't understand why anyone would want to live sofar from the city centre.However,the neighbourhood my grandfather lived in was growing every day.Many people couldn't afford to live in the city,and others were tired of the crowds.Cost and congestioncomprised a real(33)curseof the cities,a problem that has only gottenworse with rge sections of the urban(34)workforce were moving out ofthe city to the smaller towns.Along with these people and their families,companies also started to relocate outside major cities.A great example of this was Dr Reynolds. It is impossible to overstate the(35)magnitudeof the significance thatDr Reynolds'move had on my grandfather's town.Because he was so famous,there was obviouslya considerable amount of(36)hypeassociated with his arrival.However,hequickly showed that he had the skills to back up his reputation.Dr Reynolds was not only abig,(37)brawnyman who played football in his youth,but he also graduated at the top of his class in medical school.I'd be willing to(38)betthat this was one of the most exciting things happened in my grandfather's town.It must have been since he told the story so many times!Dr Reynolds'arrival(39)fundamentallychanged the dynamics of the town.It was nolonger"far away"from the city;it suddenly became"just outside"the city limits.Today,the world is changing much faster than can be measured by the arrival of a big-city doctor in asmall town.Who k nows,maybe(40)somedayI'll have my own story to tell my owngrandchildren!Your answer Correct answer(31)eminent eminent(32)suburb suburb(33)curse curse(34)workforce workforce(35)magnitude magnitude(36)hype hype(37)brawny brawny(38)bet bet(39)fundamentally fundamentally(40)someday somedayPart III:Reading ComprehensionQuestions41to45are based on the following passage. Sometimes it seems we hear about the wonders of modern technology on a daily basis.I will admit that it's hard to argue with the puters,automobiles,the Internet,and increasingly smaller handheld devices certainly do make our lives more convenient.Everything, it seems,is gettingfaster,lighter,cheaper,and smaller.Pretty soon, computers will be the size of iPods and iPodswill be the size of fingernails.Technology is making our lives more convenient,to be sure. But is it making our lives betterHow d ependent on these conveniences should we become How d ependent have we already become Instant communication,video telephones,robots,thousands of songs in the palm of your hand—all of these things are now available at your local shopping centre.Indeed,what was once considered sciencefiction now seems downright plausible.I can realistically envision a world where literallyeverything we do depends on a computer or a machine and, frankly,it scares me.Consider the following scenario.Michael begins his day by waking up to an electric alarm clock.He gets dressed and pours himself a cup of coffee from a machine that is set to brew automaticallyevery morning.He walks to the corner and boards a subway train for his commute to work.The trainis controlled by a computer that knows how fast to go and when to slow down and stop.Michael entershis office building through doors that"see"he is coming and open for him.At work,Michael sitsin front of a computer all day to do his job.He writes e-mails,updates a Website,attends a videoconference online,and makes telephone calls.At night, he relaxes in front of the television(which has recordedall of his favourite shows),or he reads an e-book on his smart phone.How much ofMichael's day is not dependent on computers or machines How much of this scenario is unbelievable The answer:none of it.It is a daily reality for many people.Look around you.Do you use a computer to send e-mails, write reports,do homework,or searchthe Internet What happens when that computer gets a virus or breaks down Most people just sit there,baffled.They simply don't know what to do because they don't know how the computer works.We d epend on computers to make our lives easier,and we depend on computer technicians to keep our computersoperational.The same can be said for nearly any technology. That's why engineers,computerprofessionals,and technology consultants make such remarkable salaries.The more we rely on technology,the more we rely on specialists.The more we rely on specialists,the less responsible we feel to actually know how to do something.This is a slippery slope thatwill eventually lead most people to complete ignorance ofhow things work.It is ironic,then,that the very technologies that are currently touted as the greatest advancements in human knowledge could ultimately have the exact opposite effect.41.The writer of this passage would probably agree with which of the following statementsA.Technology is beginning to control our lives.puters play a marginal role in our society.C.We rely on computer specialists because they are convenient.D.Technology is slowly becoming more expensive.42.The writer's scenario with Michael is presented in order to_____.A.describe an innovationB.substantiate his argumentC.illustrate an example from a bygone time.D.brag about personal accomplishments43.Which paragraph draws a personal analogy to the readerA.Paragraph2.B.Paragraph3.C.Paragraph4.D.Paragraph5.44.Which of the following is the best one-sentence summary of this passageA.Technology makes our lives more convenient.B.Science fiction is becoming a daily reality.C.Everybody uses computers and other technologies.D.The more we rely on technology,the more helpless we become.45.Which of the following events does not support the writer's main ideaA.Marcus plays the latest video game after school.B.Lisa reads a book before going to bed each night.C.Carol uses a GPS system to find her way in a new city.D.Tony blogs and sends e-mails from his mobile phone.。
新标准大学英语综合教程4(unit1-8)课后答案及课文翻译
新标准大学英语综合教程4(unit1-8)课后答案及课文翻译B No, there wasn’t much after they’d (7) deducted tax and pension contributions. But it was enough to keep me going.6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes.1 When I was at college I kept all my personal things in an old cupboard.2 A lot of people who leave university before getting a degree end up in good jobs.3 I think she’ll get a good degree, but I wouldn’t risk my money on the exact result.5 The chances of my being offered a job after that interview must be quite remote.6 Our business has done very well since we changed our advertising.7 I think telling the truth and not cheating is always the best policy.Key: (1) belongings (2) dropouts (3) gamble (4) exceeded (5) odds(6) has thrived (7) honesty7 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.1 If something is not all it’s cracked up to be, is it (a) valid and interesting, or (b) just a little bit disappointing?2 If someone keeps banging on about something, are youlikely to be (a) interested in, or (b) bored by what they say?3 If there is a lot of hassle in your life, are you likelyto feel (a) stressed, or (b) relaxed?4 If something happens out of the blue, is it (a) unexpected, or (b) part of your plan?5 If you say you ended up in a particular job, do yousuggest that (a) you have fulfilled your ambition, or (b) it happened almost by chance?7 If something is dead easy, is it (a) very easy, or (b) not easy at all?8 If you treat someone to something, do you (a) buy something nice for them, or (b) behave badly to them?9 If you cheer a place up, do you (a) make the place look brighter, or (b) make the people in the place happier?Reading and interpreting8 Look at the sentences from the passage and identify the style features.1 Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?This has the use of an informal word (hassle), an informal exclamation (god) and a question to thereader (When will they grow up?)3 Actually, I had my eye on the course at the London Schoolof Economics (LSE).Here there is a discourse marker typical of speech (Actually) and an informal phrase (had my eye on).4 I kind of understand it, and not just because my degree is in economics.Here “kind of” is a sort of discourse marker of informal speech (showing something is general, vague or not definite).5 I wanted something in finance and investments, because you know, maybe with a job like that, I could use my degree.This has a discourse marker of informal speech (you know).6 ... it’s true, he really did seem to have three hands.Again here is a discourse marker of informal speech (i t’s true).7 I talked to him about ... well, about pretty well everything …This has another discourse marker of informal speech (well) and an informal phrase (pretty well).Language in use1 a degree which is awarded a first class (a first-class degree)2 work in a hospital (hospital work)3 a ticket for a plane journey (a plane ticket)4 a discount for students (a student discount)5 a pass which allows you to travel on buses (a bus pass)6 a room where an interview is held (an interview room)7 a period spent in training (a training period)word formation: noun phrases2 Write the noun phrases which mean:1 a career which is rewarding from the financial point of view (a financially rewarding career)2 legislation which has been introduced recently (recently introduced legislation)4 an institution which is orientated towards academic (academically orientated work)5 work which makes physical demands on you (physically demanding work)6 information which has the potential to be important (potentially important information)7 candidates who have been selected after a careful procedure (carefully selected candidates)8 a coursebook in which everything has been planned beautifully (a beautifully planned textbook)try as … might3 Rewrite the sentences us ing try as … might .。
新标准大学英语综合教程4(unit1-7)课后答案及课文翻译
Key to book4 unit1-7Unit 1 Active reading (1)Looking for a job after university? First, get off the sofaReading and understandingDealing with unfamiliar words3 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 to make progress by moving to the next stage in a series of actions or events (proceed)2 the process of changing from one situation, form or state to another (transition)3 not feeling involved with someone or something in a close or emotional way (detached)4 referring to something which will happen soon (upcoming)5 to be sitting still in a position that is not upright (slump)6 to return to a previous state or way of behaving (revert)7 to say what happened (recount)4 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 3.It isn’t easy to make the (1) transition from a busy university student to an unemployed young adult (2) slumped on a bar stool or half watching a mindless television show, wondering if and how their career is going to (3) proceed. Many people who have experienced a long period of inactivity like this, when (4) recounting how they felt at the time, refer to the same strange psychological effect. As the days pass, they begin to feel (5) detached from any sense of pressure to go and look for a job, and tend to regard (6) upcoming interviews as if they were not very important. Typically, back at home after three or four years away, they (7) revert to old habits, start seeing old friends, and, in many cases, become dependent again on their parents.5 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes.1 I went to a mixed-ability secondary school just outside London. (comprehensive)2 I got stopped by a policeman who asked to see my driving licence. (cop)3 Have you seen this beautiful from the air view of Oxford? (aerial)4 Isabel tightly her bag as she walked down the corridor towards the office. (clutched)5 You should speak to Toby; he’s an supporter of flexible working hours. (advocate)6 I hurt my leg badly a couple of months ago, and it still hasn’t got better completely. (healed)6 Answer the questions about the words.1 Is a dead-end job one with (a) exciting prospects, or (b) no future?2 Is a tricky problem (a) difficult, or (b) easy to solve?3 If an activity saps all your energy, do you feel (a) tired, or (b) more active than usual?4 Does a pushy person try to (a) persuade you to do something you don’t want to, or (b) help you by listening to what you have to say?5 If you feel apathy, do you want to (a) change the world, or (b) stay at home and do nothing?7 Answer the questions about the phrases.1 Is fork out (a) a formal, or (b) an informal way of saying to pay for something?2 If you are in the same boat as another person, are you (a) making the same journey together, or (b) in the same difficult or unpleasant situation?3 If you feel you have come full circle, do you (a) feel you are back where you started, or (b) feel a sense of satisfaction because you have completed something?4 If someone takes a soft line, do they deal with a person (a) in a kind and sympathetic way, or (b) in a lazy way without making a decision?5 If you strike the right note about something, are you expressing yourself (a) well, or (b) badly?6 If you do something by all means, do you (a) try your best to do it, or (b) not care about it?7 If you nudge someone back into the saddle, are you encouraging them to (a) take responsibility again, or (b) take it easy?8 If you talk through a problem with someone, do you (a) examine it carefully and sensitively, or (b) refer to it quickly and then change the subject?Active reading (2)If you ask meDealing with unfamiliar words4 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 funny or entertaining (amusing)2 used for emphasizing that something good has happened, especially because of good luck (fortunately)3 an amount of money that a person, business or country borrows, usually from a bank (loan)4 to take an amount or number from a total (deduct)5 the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event (highlight)6 to show that you understand someone’s problems (sympathize)7 needing a lot of time, ability, and energy (demanding)5 Complete the conversation with the correct form of the words in Activity 4.A After three years at university, I’m now quite heavily in debt.B I (1) sympathize with you, I know what it’s like to have financial problems. But (2) fortunately I didn’t need to take out a student (3) loan when I was at university, because I had a part-time job.A What did you do?B I worked in a restaurant at weekends.A That must have been very (4) demanding.B Yes, it was. I had to get the right balance between work and study. But the other people who worked there were good fun to be with, so it was quite (5) amusing too. The (6) highlight of the weekend was always Saturday night when we worked overtime.A But I don’t expect you made a lot of money?B No, there wasn’t much after they’d (7) deducted tax and pension contributions. But it was enough to keep me going.6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes.1 When I was at college I kept all my personal things in an old cupboard.2 A lot of people who leave university before getting a degree end up in good jobs.3 I think she’ll get a good degree, but I wouldn’t risk my money on the exact result.4 The money I spent at college was more than what I earned in my part-time job.5 The chances of my being offered a job after that interview must be quite remote.6 Our business has done very well since we changed our advertising.7 I think telling the truth and not cheating is always the best policy.Key:(1) belongings (2) dropouts (3) gamble (4) exceeded (5) odds(6) has thrived (7) honesty7 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.1 If something is not all it’s cracked up to be, is it (a) valid and interesting, or (b) just a little bit disappointing?2 If someone keeps banging on about something, are you likely to be (a) interested in, or (b) bored by what they say?3 If there is a lot of hassle in your life, are you likely to feel (a) stressed, or (b) relaxed?4 If something happens out of the blue, is it (a) unexpected, or (b) part of your plan?5 If you say you ended up in a particular job, do you suggest that (a) you have fulfilled your ambition, or (b) it happened almost by chance?6 Are the regulars in a pub (a) the customers who come very often, or (b) the food the pub offers most often?7 If something is dead easy, is it (a) very easy, or (b) not easy at all?8 If you treat someone to something, do you (a) buy something nice for them, or (b) behave badly to them?9 If you cheer a place up, do you (a) make the place look brighter, or (b) make the people in the place happier?Reading and interpreting8 Look at the sentences from the passage and identify the style features.1 Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?This shows the informality of an incomplete sentence in the first part, the use of an informal expression (banging on) and a rhetorical question to the reader (What do I find?)2 Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?) …This has the use of an informal word (hassle), an informal exclamation (god) and a question to the reader (When will they grow up?)3 Actually, I had my eye on the course at the London School of Economics (LSE).Here there is a discourse marker typical of speech (Actually) and an informal phrase (had my eye on).4 I kind of understand it, and not just because my degree is in economics.Here “kind of” is a sort of discours e marker of informal speech (showing something is general, vagueor not definite).5 I wanted something in finance and investments, because you know, maybe with a job like that, I could use my degree.This has a discourse marker of informal speech (you know).6 ... it’s true, he really did seem to have three hands.Again here is a discourse marker of informal speech (it’s true).7 I talked to him about ... well, about pretty well everything …This has another discourse marker of informal speech (well) and an informal phrase (pretty well). Language in useword formation: compound nouns1 Write the compound nouns which mean:1 a degree which is awarded a first class (a first-class degree)2 work in a hospital (hospital work)3 a ticket for a plane journey (a plane ticket)4 a discount for students (a student discount)5 a pass which allows you to travel on buses (a bus pass)6 a room where an interview is held (an interview room)7 a period spent in training (a training period)word formation: noun phrases2 Write the noun phrases which mean:1 a career which is rewarding from the financial point of view (a financially rewarding career)2 legislation which has been introduced recently (recently introduced legislation)3 instructions which are more complex than usual (unusually complex instructions)4 an institution which is orientated towards academic (academically orientated work)5 work which makes physical demands on you (physically demanding work)6 information which has the potential to be important (potentially important information)7 candidates who have been selected after a careful procedure (carefully selected candidates)8 a coursebook in which everything has been planned beautifully (a beautifully planned textbook)try as … might3 Rewrite the sen tences using try as … might .1 I’m trying to fill this last page, but I just can’t think of anything.Try as I might to fill this last page, I just can’t think of anything.2 I try to be friendly with Marta, but she doesn’t seem to respond.Try as I might to be friendly with Marta, she doesn’t seem to respond.3 I try hard to get to sleep, but I can’t help thinking about my family.Try as I might to get to sleep, I can’t help thinking about my family.4 He just doesn’t seem to get the promotion he deserves, even though he keeps trying.Try as he might, he just doesn’t seem to get the promotion he deserves. / Try as he might to get the promotion he deserves, he just doesn’t seem to get it.5 I keep trying to remember her name, but my mind is a blank.Try as I might to remember her name, my mind is a blank.given that …4 Rewrite the sentences using given that …1 Since I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.Given that I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.2 Xiao Li has the best qualifications, so she should get the job.Given that Xiao Li has the best qualifications, she should get the job.3 Since we’re all here, I think it would be a good idea to get down to some work.Given that we’re all here, I think it would be a good idea to get down to some work.4 Since it’s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.Given that it’s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.clauses introduced by than5 Rewrite the sentences using clauses introduced by than .1 She’s experienced at giving advice. I’m more experienced.She’s less experienced at giving advice than I am. / I’m more experienced at giving advice than she is.2 You eat too much chocolate. It isn’t good f or you.You eat too much chocolate than is good for you.3 She worked very hard. Most part-timers don’t work so hard.She worked harder than most part-timers do.4 You have arrived late too many times. That isn’t acceptable.You have arrived late more times than is acceptable.5 I don’t think you should have given so much personal information. It isn’t wise.I think you have given more personal information than is wise.collocations6 Read the explanations of the words. Answer the questions.1 highlight A highlight is the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event.(a) What would you like to be the highlight of your career?I would like the highlight of my student career to be to receive a national award for the best student research project.(b) How can you highlight an important sentence in a text?You can underline it in pencil or pen or you can use coloured pens or highlighters.(c) What are the edited highlights of a football match?The highlights are when someone scores a goal or prevents one from being scored.2 loan A loan is an amount of money someone borrows from someone else.(a) Have you ever taken out a loan?No, I haven’t. But my parents have taken out several loans to buy kitchen equipment.(b) What is the best way to pay off a loan?It is best to pay a loan off quickly, although you will still have to pay some interest.(c) If you have a library book on loan, what do you have to do with it?You have to return it before the date it is due, otherwise you may have to pay a fine.3 thrive To thrive means to be very successful, happy or healthy.(a) What sort of business thrives best in your part of the country?In my part of the country, light industries and electronics companies thrive.(b) Which sort of plants thrive in a hot climate?In a hot climate you can see tropical fruit and vegetables thrive and also tropical plants and trees. (c) Why do you think some couples thrive on conflict?It is difficult to understand why some couples thrive on conflict. Maybe each one wants to compete with the other or maybe they enjoy “kissing and making up” after the conflict.7 Translate the paragraphs into Chinese.If you ask me, real life is not all it’s cracked up to be. Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?), but mostly with money. It’s just so expensive out here! Everyone wants a slice off you. The Inland Revenue wants to deduct income tax, the bank manager wants repayments on my student loan, the landlord wants the rent, gas, water, electricity and my mobile bills keep coming in, a nd all that’s before I’ve had anything to eat. And then some bright spark calls me out of the blue, asking if I’m interested in buying a pension. At this rate, I won’t even last till the end of the year, let alone till I’m 60.（☞翻译时可以根据上下文增译，即增加原文暗含了但没有直接表达出来的意思。
新标准大学英语4课后答案
新标准大学英语4课后答案新标准大学英语4课后答案【篇一：全新版大学英语综合教程4(第二版)课后全答案】t ii reading taskcomprehensionpossible answers to content questions1. it refers to the raw, bitter, bleak russian winter.2. he expected the conquest of russia in five weeks.3. instead of fighting, they retreated eastward, burning their crops and homes as they went. they let the russian winter fight the war for them while they bided their time.4. napoleon discovered that the occupation of the city was an empty victory because the russians fled their capital leaving him almost nothing at all.5. they suffered heavy losses as a result of the extreme cold and the russians hit-and-run attacks.6. napoleon abdicated and went into exile.7. hitler began his invasion of the soviet union on june 22, 1941 without a declaration of war. he expected the campaign to last no longer than three months by using the so-called lightning war tactics.8. no, he wasnt. he instructed the russian people to scorch the earth in front of the german invaders.9. the people of leningrad refused to surrender and put up a heroic, stiff resistance.10. an early, severe, cold winter, to a large extent, slowed down the german advance on moscow.11. the loss of the battle for stalingrad turned the tide againsthitler. the german victories were over.12. the author concludes that the elements of nature must be reckoned with in anymilitary campaign.text organization1.parts paragraphs main ideaspart one paras 1-2 introduction —both napoleons and hitlers military campaigns failed because of the severity of the russian winter.part two paras 3 -11 napoleons military campaign against russiapart three paras 12-20 hitlers military campaign against the soviet union.part four para 21 conclusion —the elements of nature must be reckoned with in any military campaign.2.sections paragraphs main ideassection one paras 12 -13 hitlers blitzkrieg against russia and stalins scorched-earth policy.section two paras 14 -18 the battles fought at leningrad, moscow and stalingrad. section three paras 19-20 the russian counter-offensive and the outcome of the war. language sense enhancement1.1) the fierce resistance 2) the long march3) the devastating enemy 4) bleak5) launched 6) military might7) mowed down 8) campaign9) a painful lesson 10) the aidvocabularyi.1.1) alliance 2) at the cost of3) stroke 4) limp5) minus 6) regions7) declarations 8) siege9) raw 10) bide his time11) have taken their toll 12) in the case of2.1) is faced with 2) get bogged down3) is pressing on/pressed on 4) drag on5) get by 6) dine out7) have cut back 8) get through3.1) the rapid advance in gene therapy may lead to the conquest of cancer in the near future.2) production in many factories has been brought to a halt by the delayed arrival of raw materials due to the dock workers strike.3) sara has made up her mind that her leisure interestswill/should never get in the way of her career.4) obviously the reporters question caught the foreign minister off guard.5) the introduction of the electronic calculator has rendered the slide rule out ofdate/obsolete.4.1) being faced with an enemy forces much superior to ours, we had to give up theoccupation of big cities and retreat to the rural and mountainous regions to build up our base.3) the red army fought a heroic battle at stalingrad and won the decisive victory against the germans. in fact, this battle turned the tide in the second world war. during this famous battle, the soviet troops withstood the german siege and weakened the german army by launching a series of counterattacks.ii.1 during the first world war, battles occurred here and there over vast areas. some of the most dramatic fighting took place in the gloomy trenches of france and belgium .2 elizabeth made careful preparations for the interview and her efforts/homework paid off.3 i spent hours trying to talk him into accepting the settlement, but he turned a deaf ear to all my words.4 pneumonia had severely weakened her body, and i wondered how her fragile body could withstand the harsh weather.iii.1 fall ill2 lay dead at home for two weeks3 dropped dead from a heart attack4 fell asleep.5 marrying young6 to sit still for longer than a few minutescomprehensive exercisesi. cloze1．1) invasion 2) stand in the way3) conquest 4) catching (stalin) off his guard5) launching 6) declaration7) campaign 8) drag on9) reckon with 10) bringing (the german advance) to a halt2．1) allow 2) reckoned 3) highly 4) forecasts 5) rapidly6) instant 7) delivery 8) advantage 9) observing 10) powerfulii. translation1.1) mr. doherty and his family are currently engaged in getting the autumn harvest in on the farm.2) we must not underestimate the enemy. they are equipped with the most sophisticated weapons.3) having been out of a job/not having had a job for 3 months, phil is getting increasingly desperate.4) sam, as the project manager, is decisive, efficient, and accurate in his judgement.【篇二：新标准大学英语综合教程4课后翻译1-10单元】if you ask me, real life is not all it’s cracked up to be. twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do i find?try as i might to stay cheerful, all i ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?), but mostly with money. it’s just so expensive out here! everyone wants a slice off you. the inland revenue wants to deduct income tax, the bank manager wants repayments on my student loan,the landlord wants the rent, gas, water, electricity and my mobile bills keep coming in, and all that’s before i’ve had anything to eat. and then some bright spark calls me out ofthe blue, asking if i’m interested in buyi ng a pension. and this rate, i won’t even last till the end of the year, let alone till i’m 60.依我看，现实生活并没有人们想象的那么美好。
新标准大学英语综合教程4第二版unit1-6课文翻译及课后翻译
英语翻译Unit one Nine to fivepassage1大学毕业找工作的第一要义：别躺在沙发上做梦今年夏天,超过65 万的大学生毕业离校,其中有许多人根本不知道怎么找工作.在当今金融危机的背景下,做父母的该如何激励他们？1七月,你看着英俊的21岁的儿子穿上学士袍,戴上四方帽,骄傲地握着大学荣誉学位证书,拍毕业照.这时,记忆中每年支付几千英镑,好让儿子吃好、并能偶尔参加聚会的记忆开始消退.但现在,你又不得不再考虑钱的问题.2等到暑假快要结束,全国各地的学生正在为新学期做准备的时候,你却发现大学毕业的儿子还歪躺在沙发上看电视.除此之外,他只是偶尔发发短信,浏览社交Facebook,或者去酒吧喝酒.这位属于"千禧一代〞的年轻人一夜之间变成了"抱怨一代〞的成员.他能找到工作吗？3这就是成千上万家庭所面临的状况：今年夏天,超过65万的大学生毕业,在当今金融危机的背景下,他们中的大多数人不知道自己下一步该做什么.父母只会唠叨,而儿女们则毫无缘由地变成了叛逆者.他们知道自己该找份工作,但却不知道如何去找.4来自米德尔塞克斯郡的杰克·古德温今年夏天从诺丁汉大学政治学系毕业,获得二级一等荣誉学士学位.他走进大学就业服务中心,但又径直走了出来,因为他看见很多人在那里排长队.跟他一起住的另外5个男孩子也都跟他一样,进去又出来了.找工作的压力不大,虽然他所认识的大多数女生都有更明确的计划.5他说："我申请政治学研究工作,但被拒绝了.他们给的年薪是1.8万镑,交完房租后所剩无几,也就够买一罐豆子,可他们还要有工作经历或硕士学位的人.然后我又申请参加快速晋升人才培养计划,并通过了笔试.但在面试时,他们说我‘太冷漠’了,谈吐‘太像专家政治论者’.我觉得自己不可能那样,但我显然就是那样的.〞6打那以后,他整个夏天都在"隐身〞.他能够轻松地复述出电视剧《交通警察》中的若干片段.他白天看电视的时间太长,已经到了影响健康的地步.跟朋友谈起自己漫无目标的日子时,他才发现他们的处境和自己一样.其中一位朋友在父母的逼迫下去超市上货,其余的则都是朝九晚五地"无所事事〞,晚上则去酒吧喝酒打发时间.要么,干脆就在酒吧工作？这样还可以挣些酒钱."我不想在酒吧工作.我上的是综合学校,我拼命读书才考上了一所好大学.到了大学,我又埋头苦读, 才取得一个好学位.可现在我却跟那些没上过大学的做无聊的酒吧侍应的朋友处在同一个水平线上.我觉得自己好像兜了一圈,又回到了原来的起点.〞7他的母亲杰奎琳·古德温替他辩护.她坚持认为她的儿子已经尽力找工作了.但由于她自己中学毕业后一直都在工作,所以她和她的丈夫发现,建议儿子如何继续找工作是件很棘手的事情.她说："我一直都不得不工作.而现在的年轻人很难做到这一点,因为如果你有了学位,学位就会为你提供新的机会,至少你自己会这么想.〞8虽然目前她对儿子的态度还比较温和,但是她心里很清楚,去南美度三星期的假之后,他的休假就该结束了.他可能还得付房租,并分担家庭开支.9 她说："在某个时候孩子们总要长大成人.我们已经帮他交了大学的学费,所以他也该给我们一点点回报了.南美度假就是一个分水岭,他回来以后如果找不到工作,那就圣诞节打零工好了.〞10心理治疗师盖尔·林登费尔德是《情感康复策略》的作者.她说古德温夫妇的做法是很恰当的.从大学到工作的转换对父母和孩子来说都很艰难,关键是父母要在支持理解孩子和不溺爱孩子之间找到一个平衡点.11"父母的主要任务就是支持孩子,如果他们教导孩子该如何做,那么就会引起矛盾.但如果有熟人,一定要找他们想办法,〞她说."很多父母心太软了.必须限制孩子的零花钱,要求他们交房租, 或分担日常生活或养宠物的开销.父母要维持正常的生活,不要让孩子随便用你们的银行账户或者榨干你们的情感能量.〞12为孩子支付职业咨询费、面试交通费或书费是好事,但不能催得太紧.林登费尔德建议：虽说父母不能太宽容,但是如果孩子找工作遇到了挫折,父母应该体谅他们,宽容他们几天甚至几周——这取决于他们受打击的程度.等他们缓过来之后,父母就该坚决要求孩子继续求职.13男孩更容易窝在家里.林登费尔德相信男人比母亲和姐妹更容易帮助儿子、侄子或朋友的儿子.她说,由于男人和女人处理挫折的方式不同,所以男孩需要跟男人谈话才能渡过难关.14林登费尔德强烈支持去酒吧打工：那是克服毕业冷漠症的一剂良方.这工作好不好要取决于你如何看待它.就是在酒吧打工的时候,林登费尔德找到了她的第一份当航拍助手的工作.她说在酒吧工作是拓展人际关系的绝好机会,肯定比赖在家里看电视更容易找到工作.15她说："在超市上货也一样.如果干得好,你就会被人发现的.如果你聪明、活泼,礼貌待客,你很快就会升职.所以,把它看作是机会.那些最终成功的人士很多都有在超市上货的经历.〞16你的儿女可能不会干好莱坞影星们干过的活,比如像乌比·戈德堡那样去停尸房给死人化妆,或者像布鲁斯·威利斯那样在核电站当警卫,但即便是布拉德·皮特也曾经不得不穿上宽大的小鸡模样的服装站在快餐连锁店El Pollo Loco的门口招揽生意.他们中没有一个人因为这些经历而变得更加穷困.Passage 2依我看1 依我看,现实生活并没有人们想象的那么好.我们上了12年的中小学,又上了3年的大学,这期间老师们一直在没完没了地谈论在备受呵护的学生生活之外的那个广阔天地里的各种机会,可我遇到的又是什么呢？2 无论我怎么想保持心情愉快,可麻烦事总是接踵而来：有时是和人发生矛盾〔尤其是跟男孩子——他们什么时候才能长大？〕,但通常是为钱发愁.这个地方什么东西都很贵！人人都想从我身上赚点钱：税务局要收个人所得税,银行经理要我偿清学生贷款,房东催我交房租、燃气费、水费、电费,手机账单也不断地寄来.所有这些还没算上吃饭的钱.更可气的是,不知从哪里冒出一个自作聪明的家伙给我打,问我要不要买养老金.照这样下去,我甚至都支撑不到年底, 更别提活到60岁领养老金了.3 我那时还不想出去工作.我的意思是,我并不是个逃避现实社会的人,但我知道自己未来某一天可能不得不逃避现实.许多人认为"生活不是野餐〞,"没有免费的午餐〞.但既然我拿到了优等生文凭,我想我应该继续攻读硕士学位.实际上,我已经看中了伦敦政治经济学院的课程.这是一所顶尖的学校,能给我的履历表增添一段光彩的经历.但当我跟妈妈谈起这件事时,她说她没法继续供我上学了.我大概能理解她的心情,但并不仅仅是因为我学的是经济学.15年来,为了能让我上学,她含辛茹苦.这些年来,父亲大部分时间都不在家.就算在家,他也没钱.他把钱都拿去赌狗、喝酒了.所以我听了妈妈的话,向命运低下了头.4 依我看,不管人们说什么,幸运的是世上还有很多好心人.迈克就是其中的一个.大学毕业时,我想如果我回家,妈妈就会觉得她有责任照顾我.所以,我就收拾行李去伦敦找工作.我想找金融和投资方面的职位,因为你知道这样我就可以用上我的专业知识.可是那时候已经没有这样的工作了,但我又不愿意做复印文件、端茶倒水之类的乏味的办公室工作.5 在伦敦,无论走到什么地方,你都能找到一个好酒吧.有一天,我意识到这个城市没有人会雇我,于是我走进位于利德贺街的索尔兹伯里酒吧去喝酒,顺便吃点东西.店主迈克正在店里,他一只手倒酒,一只手做三明治,同时还洗酒杯.他真的好像有三只手.他好像也认识所有的客人,叫得出常客的名字.他跟他们打招呼,帮他们调好酒,并问一句："今天还喝这个,是吧？〞我觉得他看起来蛮酷的,他在做着他最擅长的事情：为那些口渴的顾客服务,没人能比得上他.所以我就走上前去问他要不要雇人.6 好吧,长话短说,某个周五的午餐时间我开始在那个酒吧打工.这份工作要求很高,但我喜欢.顾客好像觉得我很有趣,这也让我感觉好一些.有位穿西服的中年常客总要半杯苦啤酒和一份火腿泡菜三明治,面包皮要削掉.他叫托尼.我一看见他进来,尽量不等他开口就准备好他的午餐.他也是一个好心人.7 依我看,一个人没钱的时候花钱最容易.我开始琢磨怎么花第一个月的薪水了.我住的公寓房租很贵,我挣的钱刚够支付第一个月的大笔账单,但是我估计还能剩点钱好好犒劳一下自己.我想,何不买张CD或买盆花草装点一下房间？8 发工资的那天正好是我的生日,除了迈克和托尼,我在伦敦就没有别的朋友了.如果你知道我那时还没有男朋友,你就会理解我为什么为自己感到难过了.我给自己定了些鲜花,让卖花的人附上一张卡片,上面写道："给你我所有的爱.无名氏〞.我生日那天最精彩的瞬间将会是送花人送我花时大惑不解的眼神.9 那周晚些时候,托尼像往常一样来了,在酒吧里坐下."你怎么了？今天怎么不见你笑啦？〞我跟他聊天……嗯,差不多什么都跟他说了：钱、硕士学位、生日,一切的一切.他很同情我.10 托尼离开搁脚凳、走过去和另外几个人说话.别忘了：索尔兹伯里酒吧位于金融城的中心,所以这里所有的顾客都从事银行、保险或证券工作.第二天,他拿着价值两万英镑的几张支票来到酒吧,对我说："这是给你的创业贷款,你唯一的贷款担保就是我对你的信任,相信有一天你赚了钱会把钱还给我们.如果你还不了钱,那就太糟了,不过对你来说,也算是做过金融生意了.但是,我相信你还得了.〞11 我没说话,我怕我自己要哭了.世上怎么会有这么好的人？12 那些花怎么处理？我叫花店改送到妈妈那里去了,我生日那天鲜花正好送到.她才应该得到这些鲜花,不是吗？13 依我看,回顾这些年的经历,我发现人一辈子只需要一两次的机缘就能成功.就算其余时候都在吃苦受累也不要紧,那是值得的.14 在索尔兹伯里酒吧干了一年之后,我去了伦敦政治经济学院深造.拿到硕士学位之后,我在一家投资银行找到了一份工作.我把那两万英镑投进了证券市场,在20##金融崩盘之前卖掉了所有的股票.我把托尼和其他投资者的钱还了,付给他们10%的年息,并成立了自己的公司.公司的生意好得出乎意料,至今还红红火火.15 托尼给我写了一封感谢信.他出了车祸,现在不能走路了.我还给他的钱正好可以用来改造房子.房子改造后他就可以坐着轮椅在家里自由活动了.下面是他信里写的话：16 "我从事银行业35年来最好的投资就是给你的这笔贷款,你连本带利地偿还了贷款,我对你的信任和你的诚实都获得了百倍的回报.依我看,在人身上投资能带来你所期望的最好的回报.〞17 依我看,他说得对.你说呢？英译汉Google has spent years analyzing who succeeds at the pany. They have moved away from a focus on GPAs, brand-name schools, and interview brain teasers <智力测验题>. Google’s Senior Vice President of People Operations, Laszlo Bock, suggests that credentials are no longer sufficient for success. Bock points out that graduates of top schools can lack intellectual humility and that succeeding in academia isn’t always a sign of being able to do a job.Successful bright young graduates rarely experience failure, and they find that their academic careers have not prepared them to fail gracefully in the real world. Google recognizes the importance of intellectual humility in its applicants. The pany looks for the ability to step back and embrace other peop le’s ideas when those ideas are better. Bock says the No.1 thing he is looking for is general cognitive ability. It is learning ability. It is the ability to process information on the fly.谷歌公司就什么人能在该公司取得成功这个问题做了多年的研究,研究关注的焦点不再是绩点、名牌大学、面试智力测验题.谷歌人力运营部高级副总裁拉斯洛·博克认为,想取得成功,只拥有学历证书是不够的.博克指出,顶尖高校的毕业生可能缺少智力上的谦逊,并且学业上的成功并不意味着工作能力强.聪明的年轻学霸毕业生很少经历失败,他们会发现,在现实生活中,学业生涯并没有使自己做好大方接受失败的准备.谷歌认识到应聘者具有智力上的谦逊是十分重要的,他们所寻找的是一种能退一步思考、接受别人更好想法的能力.博克说他想寻找的首要素质就是常规的认知能力.那是一种学习的能力,是在繁忙的工作中处理信息的能力.汉译英"创客〞指勇于创新,努力将自己的创意变为现实的人.这个词译自英文单词maker,源于美国麻省理工学院〔Massachusetts Institute of Technology〕微观装配实验室〔fabrication laboratory〕的课题.该课题以客户为中心,以创新为理念,由个人设计、制造满足个人需要的智能设备,参与该课题的学生即"创客〞.在中国,"创客〞特指具有创新理念、自主创业的人.中国的"创客〞即包括发明新设备的科技达人,也包括软件开发者、艺术家、设计师等诸多领域的优秀代表.Chuangke is a term that refers to innovative people who make an effort to turn their cuttingedge ideas into reality. The term is translated from the English word maker, which is derived from the fabrication laboratory project of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the US. It is a consumer-centred project, emphasizing innovation and designed to empower individuals to develop and produce smart devices to suit personal needs. The students participating in the project arecalled "makers〞. In China, Chuangke refers to those who start their own businesses with innovative ideas. Chinese makers include tech-savvy people who dedicate themselves to creating new devices and distinguished innovators in various fields, such as software developers, artists and designers.Unit2passage1危险！书可能会改变你的人生Danger! Books may change your life1刘易斯·卡罗尔书中的爱丽丝不小心掉进了兔子洞里,但她在那里发现了一个神奇的仙境.当我们打开一本书时,我们也会像爱丽丝那样走进一个全新的世界.我们能从一个年长者的角度,或通过一个孩子的眼睛来观察生活；我们可以周游世界,遍访现实生活中从没想过要访问的国家和文化；我们可以体验未曾经历过的事情,这些事情也许令人困惑,也许引人入胜；可能是不愉快的,也可能是令人痛苦的,但无论如何都至少能把我们从现实世界中解放出来.2 英国诗人威廉·柯珀〔1731–1800〕说："变化是生活的调味品,它让生活变得有滋有味.〞虽然他没有说在什么地方以与怎样才能找到变化,但我们知道他说得对.我们知道我们生活在一个充满变化与差异的世界里,我们知道人们的生活各不相同,过日子的方式也不尽相同,人们做不同的工作,有不同的信仰,持不同的观点,有不同的风俗习惯,操不同的语言.通常,我们不知道这些差异的大小,但一旦发生了不平常的事情并引起了我们的注意,这种变化或差异与其说是机会,毋宁说是威胁.3 读书让我们能够安全地享受和庆贺这种变化与差异,并为我们提供成长的机会.在家里安详平和的环境中与他人的生活互动,这是阅读小说才享有的特权.我们甚至感觉到——哪怕只是在一瞬间——我们和其他文化读者的共同点或许要多于我们和家门口随便碰到的一个人的共同点.我们学会把目光移出我们周围的环境,投向天边,去领略一下异域风光.4 如果我们怀疑读书是否能给我们力量的话,我们就应该自己去一趟当地的图书馆或书店,或者,如果我们足够幸运的话,可以读一读家里书架上的书.我们会惊奇于古今小说的标题所创造出来的壮观景象：约翰·斯坦贝克的《愤怒的葡萄》、约翰·欧文的《第四只手》、亚历山大·索尔仁尼琴的《癌病房》、欧内斯特·海明威的《丧钟为谁而鸣》、格雷厄姆·格林的《哈瓦那特派员》、奥黛丽·尼芬格的《时间旅行者的妻子》、保罗·托迪的《到也门钓鲑鱼》.一旦开始阅读,我们就应该思考一下我们在书中读到的别样人生.5 每一本书都有自己的语言、方言、词汇和语法.我们不见得总能理解其中的每一个字、每一句话,但不管我们是痴迷其中,还是觉得被排斥在外,我们的情感被调动起来了.尽管在地理上有一定的距离,但其他民族、其他文化未必就离我们那么遥远.在书里我们可能遇见生活在不同气候、有不同信仰、属于不同种族的人.即便是住在同一条街上的邻居,我们也可能对其一无所知,而只能通过阅读结识.6 小时候,在我们刚刚能听懂别人说话的时候书就对我们的生活方式产生了很大的影响.从父母读的睡前故事一直到成年后家中摆满书的客厅,书界定了我们的人生.英国作家E. M.福斯特〔1879–1970〕暗示书对我们具有另一种更加神秘的支配力.他写道："我认为能影响我们的书籍是那些我们已经准备要读的书,而且这些书在我们已经选定的道路上走得比我们更远一些.〞合适的书好像自己就会在恰当的时候找到我们,出现在我们面前,而不是我们去寻找那本书.7 美国修士、牧师与作家托马斯·默顿〔1915–1968〕曾经被记者一连串地问了7个问题：说出你最近读完的3本书；你正在读的3本书；你打算要读的书；对你有影响的书,并解释一下理由；一本你觉得每人都要读的书,并解释一下理由.关于对他有影响的书,他列出了威廉·布莱克的诗集、古希腊思想家和作家写的各种戏剧以与一些##作品.当被问与这些书为何会影响他时,他回答说："这些书——还有其他类似的书籍——帮助我找到了人生的真谛.销售就是一切的文化培育了人们无止境的需求和消极被动,生活充满了困惑和空虚,而书籍则把我从这种困惑和空虚中解脱了出来.〞8 那么,你又会如何回答这些问题呢？9 1947年,克里夫顿·费迪曼发明了"全垒打书籍〞这个词.当一个棒球手打出一个全垒打时,因为击球有力、打得远,他有时间跑完整个棒球场内的四个垒,不仅自己得分,而且还能帮其他各个垒的跑垒者得分,这是棒球赛里最有趣和最开心的事情.同样,一本"全垒打书籍〞指的不是儿童第一次读书的经历,而是指他第一次读到一本给他带来极大愉悦和满足感的书以至于让他爱不释手的经历.对世界上数以亿计的儿童来说,"全垒打书籍〞的最典型的例子就是《哈利·波特》系列故事.10 作为作为成年人,我们总在寻找自己的"全垒打书籍〞,不仅是第一次,而是一次又一次地寻找.所有曾经一口气读完一本小说的人都会记得那种令人期待的愉悦和满足感,并会焦急、固执、有时甚至疯狂地寻求重复体验这种感觉.我们想周游另一个世界、想与不同的人见面、想经历别样的人生并自我反省,我们无法遏制这样的渴求.11 危险！书可能会改变你的人生.这就是读书的力量.Passage 2它们是活生生的,而且它们在跟我说话1 我坐在一间小屋子里,屋子的一面墙边排满了书.这是我头一次有闲工夫和一堆书这样的东西打交道.所有的书加起来最多不超过500本,但大多数是我自己挑的.自打我开始写作生涯以来,我第一次得到我一直渴望拥有的这么多书.事实上,我过去的大多数工作都不依靠图书馆,我把这看成是优势,而不是劣势.2 我想到的与读书相关的头一件事就是夺书大战.请注意,不是拥有它们,而是要把它们搞到手.从我对书着迷开始,我就面对着重重困难.公共图书馆里我要借的书总是被借出去了,当然,我又没钱买书.我那时只有十八九岁,要想得到社区图书馆的批准借阅类似斯特林堡写的《痴人的忏悔》这样"不道德〞的书是不可能的.在那个年代,年轻人禁读的书都根据其违背道德的程度被标记了星星——一颗星、两颗星、三颗星.我猜想,这种做法至今依然存在.我也希望如此,因为我知道,没有任何别的方法比这种愚蠢的分类和禁止更能吊起读者的胃口.3 我经常思考一个问题,那就是是什么让一本书有了生命力？我觉得答案很简单：一本书之所以有生命力,是因为读者满怀激情地推荐它.这是人的基本冲动,什么都阻挡不了.不管愤世嫉俗者和遁世者持何种观点,我相信人们总是会尽力分享自己感触最深的经验.4 书是人类最为珍爱的几样东西之一.人越好,就越愿意与他人分享自己的珍藏.搁置在书架上、无人翻阅的书就像是废弃的弹药.书和钱一样要流通起来,要最大限度地流通起来！尤其是书,因为书所代表的东西比钱要多得多.书不仅是朋友,它还可以帮你结交朋友.当你在精神上、心灵上拥有一本书的时候,你的人生就变得丰富多彩.而当你把书转给别人的时候,你的人生就更加丰富.5 说到这里,我有一种抑制不住的冲动想给大家提出一条无端的忠告.那就是：读书尽量少而精,而不是越多越好！唉,不要怀疑我嫉妒那些在书堆里埋头读书的人.我私下里也确实想尽力读完所有一直想读的书.但是,我知道这并不重要,我现在知道我读过的书中只有不到十分之一是我需要读的.人生中最难办到的事情莫过于学会只做对自己有益的事情,这是至关重要的.6 我是经过慎重考虑才提出这条宝贵的忠告的,有一个高招可以检验它是否有效.当你碰到一本你想读或觉得该读的书的时候,先把书搁下,放几天再说.但你要多琢磨这本书,仔细琢磨书名和作者的名字.想想如果让你来写这本书,你会写些什么.认真地问问自己是否有必要把这本书纳入自己的知识库或娱乐储备.尽力想象一下,放弃这份额外的乐趣或启迪对你将意味着什么？之后,如果你觉得你必须读这本书,那么观察一下你在"啃〞这本书的时候是否表现出非凡的洞察力.同时你也观察一下：即使这本书很诱人,它也许并没有给你带来什么新的东西.只要坦诚对己,你就会发现：只要抑制住自己的冲动,你的境界就提高了.7 不容置疑的是,大多数书都互相重复,在文体或内容上让人感到具有独创性的书实在是少之又少.在整个文学库藏中,只有极少数作品——或许不到50本——是独具一格的.在最近出版的一部自传体小说中,布莱斯·桑德拉尔指出,雷·德·古尔蒙之所以能够选择并通读文学领域中一切值得读的书籍,就是因为他知识渊博,并且了解书的这种重复性.桑德拉尔本人就是一个博览群书的人,没有人会怀疑这一点.他阅读了大部分作家的原作.不仅如此,一旦他喜欢上一个作家,他就会阅读这个作家写的每一本书,包括他的书信以与所有有关他的书籍.我猜想,在当今世界上,几乎没有人能像他一样,不仅读得广、读得精,而且还著述颇丰.可以说这一切都是在业余时间完成的.因为桑德拉尔是一个十足的行动家,一个四处跋涉的冒险家和探险家,一个懂得如何"肆意浪费〞时间的人.从某种意义上说,他是文学界的凯撒大帝.英译汉E-books have changed the way we read, in ways both good and bad. On the plus side, people are reading more books. Amazon’s Kindle e-reader and the Google Book Search service have now made a huge number of books available. According to data from Amazon, the convenience of access offered by the Kindle has resulted in users buying significantly more books than they did before owning the device. However, although people are reading more, they may be doing so with less focus. Amazon has released a version of the Kindle app for reading its e-books on an iPhone, which means it will be much easier for readers to be distracted from their e-books as they switch to surfing the Internet and checking email and social media updates. As people read with less attention, they will no longer find themselves immersed in their books — one of the great joys of reading.电子书改变了我们的阅读方式,这种改变既有好的一面也有坏的一面.从好的方面说,人们现在读书的量在增多.随着亚马逊Kindle 电子阅读器和谷歌图书搜索服务的出现,人们现在可以读到海量的图书.亚马逊的数据表明,Kindle 用户在拥有Kindle 电子阅读器之后购书量显著上升,因为用Kindle 购书更加便捷了.虽然人们的读书量在增多,但读书专注度却在下降.亚马逊发布了一款Kindle 应用程序供人们在苹果手机上阅读Kindle 电子书,这意味着读者看电。
新标准大学英语4 答案(1-8)
新标准大学英语综合教程4 课后答案及翻译（1-8）Unit 1Active reading (1)Looking for a job after university? First, get off the sofa Background informationAbout the passage: This is an article by an Education Correspondent, Alexandra Blair, published in September 2008 in The Times, a long-established British quality newspaper. In Europe generally, and in Britain in particular, for a number of years there has been a rising number of students who go to university and therefore more new graduates seeking employment. However, for many graduates finding a job became harder in 2008–2009 because the economic downturn – then a recession – meant that many employers were reducing their workforce. After their final exams, some students rested in the summer before looking for jobs and then they found that it was difficult to find employment in their field or at the level they wanted. The article addresses the problems of such new graduates who might be stuck at home and advises their parents to be there for their children (ie to be available if their children want to talk about the problem or if they need help). The article recommends finding work in a bar or supermarketrather than sitting unemployed at home since this is more likely to lead to better employment later. The style is partly of a report, but also of a humorous comment for light entertainment (seen in the jokey language and problem-solving advice to parents).Why finding a job in 2008 is so difficult for university graduates?Universities in Europe, particularly in Britain, have expanded greatly in the last fifteen years (over 45% of young adults now go on to higher education), so there are more graduates looking for jobs. This competitive situation became a lot worse in 2008 onwards with the credit crunch and economic depression, which meant that there were fewer jobs available and a rise in unemployment. Thus new graduates have to be active to seek a job, they need to fill in many application forms and try to get job interviews: they won’t find employment by lying on the sofa at home.Culture pointsHonours degree: Traditionally, in the British university system, BA and BSc honours degrees are awarded in different categories: a first class degree (written using Roman numbers as I), a second (divided into two subcategories, written as IIiiand IIii, which are called “a two one” and “a two two”), a third (written III) and a pass degree. Most people get a second. There are also ordinary degrees with more general courses of study without these categories.Generation Y and Grunt: The main idea here is that there is a succession of different generations or cohorts of adults who come into the workforce in North America which are given different informal names to characterize them. First, “Baby boomers” were born in the great increase (t he boom) of births after World War II (1946–1960), followed by “Generation X” people (born 1960–1980) who were said to bring new attitudes of being independent, informal, entrepreneurial, and expected to get skills and have a career before them. “GenerationY” or the “Millenial Generation” (born 1980s and 1990s and becoming adult in the new millenium) are now making up an increasing percentage of the workforce; they are said to be spoilt by doting parents, to have structured lives, to be used to teamwork and diverse people in a multicultural society. In the passage, this generation is now becoming (morphing into) Generation Grunt, which is an ironic name referring to repetitive, low status, routine or mindless work – this may be the only work available to some graduates, who may have totake very ordinary jobs to get experience before they find something more suitable. “Grunt” also refers to coarse behaviour or bad manners and to the deep sound that is made by a pig;when people “grunt” they express disgust bu t do not communicate with words – this may be how the parentsof new graduates think their children communicate with them!A comprehensive refers to a British type of secondary school which became popular in the1960s. Before thatthere were academic “grammar schools” and more general “secondary modern” schools for those who didnot pass the grammar school entrance tests, but the comprehensive schools were designed for all students ina social philosophy of bringing diverse students together whether they were academic or not. Those studentswho went to a comprehensive school probably felt that had to study particularly hard (I worked my backsideoff) to get to university, compared to those who went to grammar schools where all students were academic–comprehensive students felt they had to struggle to get to university.Chicken suit This refers to a large yellow costume thatsomeone wears which makes the person look like agiant chicken. Before he became a famous actor, Brad Pitt once dressed in such a costume when he had a jobadvertising for a restaurant called El Pollo Loco (The Crazy Chicken’ in Spanish) – the job meant that he hadto walk around the streets like a chicken to attract customers to come to the restaurant.Language points1 Those memories of forking out thousands of pounds a year so that he could eat well and go to theodd party, began to fade. Until now. (Para 1)The parents paid a lot of money for their son’s university fees and living expenses (so that he could eatwell) and for occasional social events – at graduation these memories of money were mostly forgottenbecause the parents were proud. But now the parents are thinking of money again because the son doesn’thave a job and doesn’t seem to be actively seeking one.2 This former scion of Generation Y has morphed overnight into a member of Generation Grunt.(Para 2)The distinguished son of Generation X (of the parents’generation who worked hard, got jobs, and hadgood careers and expected their son to do the same) has changed into a member of Generation Grunt – hedoesn’t seem to communicate much, lies around and doesn’t get a job (or can only do a low status routingjob).3 I passed the exams, but at the interviews they accused me of being ‘too detached’ and talking inlanguage that was ‘too technocratic’, which I didn’t think possible, but obviously it is. (Para 5)He passed the entrance exams for a government post, but he was criticized in the selection interviews:They said he was detached (not personally involved) and too technocratic (he used the language of atechnical expert or high authority). As a new graduate he probably wanted to show his expertise in hislanguage so he can’t understand this criticism.4 For the rest it is 9-to-5 “chilling” before heading to the pub. (Para 6)The others who do not have a routine low status job (like stacking goods on a supermarket shelf) chill outall day (they spend their time casually relaxing –they don’t lookfor work) and go to pub for a drink in theevening.5 I went to a comprehensive and I worked my backside off to go to a good university …(Para 6)He went to a school for students of all abilities (not to a special school for academic students) and so hehad to work very hard to enter a good university: Your backside means your bottom – the part of yourbody that you sit on – to work your backside off is informal and it means you work very hard indeed.6 … but having worked full-time since leaving school herself, she and her husband find it tricky toadvise him on how to proceed. (Para 7)The mother has always had a full-time job (presumably the father is also working full-time), so she doesnot have relevant personal experience. For her, it is tricky to give advice (difficult to do).7 Carry on life as normal and don’t allow them to abuse your bank account or sap your reserve ofemotional energy. (Para 11)The advice from Gael Lindenfield here is that parents should live as usual. They should neither let theirchildren spend theparents’ money unnecessarily, nor let the problem take away all their energy andemotions. Sap their reserve means use up their store of emotional energy.8 After that the son or daughter needs to be nudged firmly back into the saddle. (Para 12)Then the parents should gently push their children firmly so that they get back into control of their lives.Reading and understanding2 Choose the best answer to the questions.Teaching tipsGo over the correct answers with Ss and ask them to explain why the other answers are wrong (Seebelow).1 Why hasn’t Jack Goodwin got a job yet?(a) He doesn’t have a very good degree.(No, he has a 2:1 which is considered a good degree. )(b) He refuses to apply for jobs with low salaries.(He feels he should get a better job after studying at university.)(c) It isn’t easy to get a job i n the current financial climate. (This may be true but the passage does not mention this.)(d) He prefers to stay at home and help his family.(No, he doesn’t seem to be helping his family: he watches TV and talks to friends.)2 How does he spend a typical day?(a) Doing a temporary job.(No, some of his friends are working in temporary jobs but he doesn’t want to do this.)(b) Watching television.(He watches TV a lot.)(c) Queuing up in the university careers service.(No, he went there once but he didn’t want to queue so he walked away.)(d) Preparing for the next job interview.(No, he doesn’t seem to be preparing for interviews.)3 How do most of his friends spend the day?(a) They do nothing all day and go to the pub in the evening. (All except one of them do nothing except chill, then they go to the pub.)(b) They do outdoor activities such as sailing.(No, none of them seem to do outdoor activities; there is no mention of sailing.)(c) They are forced to work by their parents.(No, only one of them has been forced out to stack shelves by his parents; the others seem to be likeJack.)(d) They do part-time jobs such as working in a bar.(No, the text mentions bar work but none of Jack’s friends seem to do this work.)4 How are Jack’s parents helping him?(a) By looking for jobs for him.(No, Jack has tried to get a job himself; there’s nothing here about his parents helping him look for ajob.)(b) By paying for a trip to South America.(No, although he is going on a three-week trip to South America, the passage does not say thatJack’s parents have paid for this.)(c) By gradually making him more financially aware.(The passage does not say so explicitly, but this is the implication about the cut-off point after thetrip when he may be expected to pay rent and contribute to the household bills.)(d) By threatening to throw him out of the house.(No, they haven’t threatened to do this, but they definitelywant him to work after he gets back fromhis trip.)5 What does Gael Lindenfield say about Jack’s pare nts?(a) They have not really understood Jack’s problems.(No, she doesn’t say this; she says they must balance being positive with not making life toocomfortable. This doesn’t mean they haven’t understood Jack’s problems.)(b) They have made life too comfortable for Jack.(No, she says they must balance comfort with being positive. This doesn’t necessarily mean that theyhave already made life too comfortable for Jack.)(c) The approach they have chosen is the right one.(She says they have struck exactly the right note.)(d) They need help from a psychologist.(No, she doesn’t say this.)6 What do Whoopi Goldberg, Bruce Willis and Brad Pitt have in common?(a) They all did bar work before going to university.(No, we don’t know from the passage if any of them did this.)(b) They took part in protests against nuclear power plants. (No, we don’t know is any of them did this)(c) They learnt to act by dressing up as giant chickens. (No, only Brad Pitt did this.)(d) They all did temporary jobs at one stage in their lives. (This is right, although they all had completely different temporary jobs.)Dealing with unfamiliar words3 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 to make progress by moving to the next stage in a series of actions or events (proceed)2 the process of changing from one situation, form or state to another (transition)3 not feeling involved with someone or something in a close or emotional way (detached)4 referring to something which will happen soon (upcoming)5 to be sitting still in a position that is not upright (slump)6 to return to a previous state or way of behaving (revert)7 to say what happened (recount)4 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 3.It isn’t easy to make the (1) transition from a busy university student to an unemployed young adult(2) slumped on a bar stool or half watching a mindless television show, wondering if and how their careeris going to (3) proceed. Many people who have experienced a long period of inactivity like this, when(4) recounting how they felt at the time, refer to the same strange psychological effect. As the days pass,they begin to feel (5) detached from any sense of pressure to go and look for a job, and tend to regard(6) upcoming interviews as if they were not very important. Typically, back at home after three or fouryears away, they (7) revert to old habits, start seeing old friends, and, in many cases, become dependentagain on their parents.5 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to makeother changes.1 I went to a mixed-ability secondary school just outside London. (comprehensive)2 I got stopped by a policeman who asked to see my driving licence. (cop)3 Have you seen this beautiful from the air view of Oxford? (aerial)4 Isabel tightly her bag as she walked down the corridor towards the office. (clutched)5 You should speak to Toby; he’s an supporter of flexible working hours. (advocate)6 I hurt my leg badly a couple of months ago, and it st ill hasn’t got better completely. (healed)6 Answer the questions about the words.1 Is a dead-end job one with (a) exciting prospects, or (b) no future?《B》2 Is a tricky problem (a) difficult, or (b) easy to solve?《a》3 If an activity saps all your energy, do you feel (a) tired, or (b) more active than usual?<>4 Does a pushy person try to (a) persuade you to do something you don’t want to, or (b) help you by<a>listening to what you have to say?5 If you feel apathy, do you want to (a) change the world, or (b) stay at home and do nothing?<b>7 Answer the questions about the phrases.1 Is fork out (a) a formal, or (b) an informal way of saying to pay for something?《b》2 If you are in the same boat as another person, are you (a) making the same journey together, or (b) inthe same difficult or unpleasant situation?<a>3 If you feel you have come full circle, do you (a) feel you are back where you started, or (b) feel a senseof satisfaction because you have completed something?<a>4 If someone takes a soft line, do they deal with a person (a) ina kind and sympathetic way, or (b) in alazy way without making a decision?<a>5 If you strike the right note about something, are you expressing yourself (a) well, or (b) badly?<a>6 If you do something by all means, do you (a) try your best to do it, or (b) not care about it?<a>7 If you nudge someone back into the saddle, are you encouraging them to (a) take responsibility again, or(b) take it easy?<a>8 If you talk through a problem with someone, do you (a) examine it carefully and sensitively, or (b) referto it quickly and then change the subject?<a>Reading and interpreting8 Answer the questions.1 “Will he ever get a job?” Who is asking this question? What mood does it express?The parents are asking this because the paragraph is addressed to parents (earlier it says “your graduateson”). The mood seems to express patience or resignation because the word “ever” suggests that gettinga job will take a long time.2 Who describes Generation Y as “rebels without a cause”? Is ita fair description?This is the writer’s description to indicate that this generation is rebelling against parents or society,but they have nothing particular to rebel against. This doesn’t seem very fair because the students aretrying to find work –it is just that they don’t like their parents nagging them. So they are a bit rebelliousagainst their parents, but no more than that.3 Jack “walked into the university careers service and straight back out again”. What does this suggestabout Jack’s character?It suggests that Jack is not very determined. As soon as he saw the queue he left without waiting andwithout trying to ask about jobs or careers.4 Jack spent the summer “hiding”. Hiding from what? Why are quotation marks used?Probably this means he was hiding from the world of work, staying at home and not looking for a job.The quotation marks tell us that he wasn’t literally hiding, he just spent a lot of time at home.5 How is Mrs Goodwin’s point of view affected by her own personal experience?In one way her experience hasn’t affected her attitude: She left school and went immediately to a job(without going to university) and has been working full-time since then and yet she is sympathetic andtakes a soft line.6 How is Lindenfield’s point of view affected by her own personal experience?Her personal experience was that she worked in a bar before finding her first proper job as an aerialphotographic assistant. So she says such work is a great networking opportunity. If new graduates aregood at such work and bright, cheerful and polite, they will soon be promoted. Her personal experiencethus reflects – or perhaps has created – her point of view.7 What would the first two paragraphs have focused on if they had been presented from the point of viewof the students rather than the parents?The first two paragraphs would have focused on the need for the new graduates to rest for a bit aftertheir hard studies. It is OK for students to relax with the TV or to socialize with friends for a while, thenthey can start a serious search for employment after that.Active reading (2)If you ask meBackground informationThis is an informal and personalized account of an economics graduate who gets a job in a pub for a year andthen has an opportunity to be successful (a lucky break). She works in a London pub called “The Salisbury”or “The Marquis Salisbury”, named after someone who was the British Prime Minister three times between1885 and 1902 and whose family once owned the pub’s land. The 100 year old pub is in Leadenhall Street,just off the Charing Cross Road and Leicester Square. Daytime customers can get a pub lunch and eveningcustomers include many office workers and theatre goers (the pub is near many West End theatres). Theinterior of this pub is dazzling, with large mirrors, cut glass and a mahogany décor.British pubs are often named after famous people (Robin Hood, The Duke of Wellington) or royalty (TheQueen’s Arms, the Prince of Wales) or historical symbols (The Rose and Crown to represent King EdwardIII, The Royal Oak to represent King Charles II who once hid in a large oak tree). Other names often includecolours and animals (The Red Bull, The Black Horse, The Golden Lion, The Swan) or symbols of traditionaltrades (The Compasses for carpenters, The Three Hammers for blacksmiths, The Three Tuns for winemakers).As the pub is a social place to meet as well as a place to get a drink, people often play games like dominoesor darts or join a quiz or competition. A common expression is to “go down the pub” or “go round to thelocal” (both meaning to go to the local pub).Culture pointspub in London: A pub is a place where people go for a drink and to meet friends and socialize. People canplay games – such as darts, cards, dominoes – in a pub and pubs often have quiz nights, with prizes for thewinners, and live music (See also Background information) The Salisbury is a well-known pub in central London (See also Background information)London School of Economics is a distinguished university in central London, famous for social sciences.Language points1 If you ask me, real life is not all it’s cracked up to be. (Para 1) In my opinion (If you ask me introduces an opinion), real life is not everything that people say it is. If athing is cracked up to be, people normally praise it but in the opinion of the speaker they are wrong.2 … spending money when you don’t have any is dead easy. (Para 7)Dead here means very. For example, we can say dead tired (exhausted), a dead loss (a complete loss oruseless), a dead weight (very heavy, difficult to lift).3 What were the odds on anyone being so nice? (Para 11) What are the chances that someone would be so nice? The writer is emphasizing here that such kindness isvery unusual.4 … looking b ack after all these years, you only need one or two breaks in your life to succeed.(Para 13)A break here means a chance to be successful. A lucky break is an unexpected opportunity.Reading and understanding2 Choose the best answer to the questions.1 What did the writer want to do after finishing her degree?<a>(a) To do an MA at the London School of Economics.(b) To earn some money to pay off her loan.(c) To start working as soon as possible.(d) To return home and help her mother.2 Why did she ask for a job in The Salisbury?<d>(a) She was hungry and thirsty.(b) She thought it would lead to better things.(c) She was a friend of the landlord.(d) She had the idea when she saw the landlord working.3 What did she buy with her first salary?<b>(a) A bunch of flowers.(b) A CD and a plant for the flat she lived in.(c) A ham sandwich and a glass of beer.(d) She didn’t have any money left after paying the bills.4 Why did Tony give her £20,000?<b>(a) He found out it was her birthday and wanted to help.(b) He trusted her and thought it would help her.(c) He wanted her to leave the pub and work for him.(d) He was secretly in love with her.5 What did she do with the money?<c>(a) She used it to pay for her course at the LSE.(b) She lost a lot of it in the 2008 stock market crash.(c) She invested it and paid back Tony and other investors.(d) She used it to start her own business.6 Why was Tony pleased when she repaid the loan?<a>(a) He had had an accident and needed the money for a wheelchair.(b) It meant that he would be able to see her again.(c) It proved that he had been right to invest in her.(d) She paid back the loan with a lot of interest.3 Work in pairs and answer the questions.What do we know about the writer’s:1 family background?Her mother had worked hard for 15 years to support her education but couldn’t afford any furthersupport. Her father wasn’t around most of the time. He didn’t have any money because he spent it ongambling on dog racing or drinking in pubs.2 career as a student?She had a good degree in economics and wanted to study for a masters course at the London School ofEconomics.3 ambition?She wanted to get a job in finance or investments in London because then she would be able to use herdegree.4 appreciation of other people?She appreciated Mike’s friendliness with customers and his skill, and she appreciated Tony as a niceperson; later she appreciated the trust of Tony and his friends 5 love life?We don’t know much about this, except that she doesn’t like boys to hassle her. She thinks they areimmature.6 financial expertise?It must be quite good: She invested the £20,000 and made enough profit to pay the money back withinterest and set up her own company.7 sense of responsibility?She has a strong sense of responsibility because she paid backthe money to the investors and paid theman annual interest for the loan.8 philosophy of life?She believes that you should work hard; you may need one or two breaks to succeed but you shouldknow how to use the breaks. You should be honest and responsible with people who trust you.Dealing with unfamiliar words4 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 funny or entertaining (amusing)2 used for emphasizing that something good has happened, especially because of good luck (fortunately)3 an amount of money that a person, business or country borrows, usually from a bank (loan)4 to take an amount or number from a total (deduct)5 the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event (highlight)6 to show that you understand someone’s problems (sympathize)7 needing a lot of time, ability, and energy (demanding)5 Complete the conversation with the correct form of thewords in Activity 4.Teaching tipsWhen Ss have completed the blanks with the correct form of the appropriate words, ask them to practicereading the dialogue, trying to make their reading sound as conversational as possible. Choose a pair toperform their reading to the class. The class listens and gives the performing pair a rating on a scale of 1-10for fluency and naturalness.A After three years at university, I’m now quite heavily in debt.B I (1) sympathize with you, I know what it’s like to have financial problems. But (2) fortunately I didn’tneed to take out a student (3) loan when I was at university, because I had a part-time job.A What did you do?B I worked in a restaurant at weekends.A That must have been very (4) demanding.B Yes, it was. I had to get the right balance between work and study. But the other people who workedthere were good fun to be with, so it was quite (5) amusing too. The (6) highlight of the weekend wasalways Saturday night when we worked overtime.A But I don’t expect you made a lot of money?B No, there wasn’t much after they’d (7) deducted tax and pension contributions. But it was enough tokeep me going.6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to makeother changes.1 When I was at college I kept all my personal things in an old cupboard.2 A lot of people who leave university before getting a degree end up in good jobs.3 I think she’ll get a good degree, but I wouldn’t risk my money on the exact result.4 The money I spent at college was more than what I earned in my part-time job.5 The chances of my being offered a job after that interview must be quite remote.6 Our business has done very well since we changed our advertising.7 I think telling the truth and not cheating is always the best policy.Key: (1) belongings (2) dropouts (3) gamble (4) exceeded (5)odds(6) has thrived (7) honesty7 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.1 If something is not all it’s cracked up to be, is it (a) valid and interesting, or (b) just a little bitdisappointing?<b>2 If someone keeps banging on about something, are you likely to be (a) interested in, or (b) bored bywhat they say?<b>3 If there is a lot of hassle in your life, are you likely to feel (a) stressed, or (b) relaxed?<a>4 If something happens out of the blue, is it (a) unexpected, or(b) part of your plan?<a>5 If you say you ended up in a particular job, do you suggest that (a) you have fulfilled your ambition, or(b) it happened almost by chance?<b>6 Are the regulars in a pub (a) the customers who come very often, or (b) the food the pub offers mostoften?《a》7 If something is dead easy, is it (a) very easy, or (b) not easy at all?<a>8 If you treat someone to something, do you (a) buy something。
新标准大学英语综合教程4(unit1-6)课后答案及课文翻译
Key to book4 unit1-6Unit 1Active reading (2)8 Look at the sentences from the passage and identify the style features.1 Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?This shows the informality of an incomplete sentence in the first part, the use of an informal expression (banging on) and a rhetorical question to the reader (What do I find?)2 Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?) …This has the use of an informal word (hassle), an informal exclamation (god) and a question to the reader (When will they grow up?)3 Actually, I had my eye on the course at the London School of Economics (LSE).Here there is a discourse marker typical of speech (Actually) and an informal phrase (had my eye on).4 I kind of understand it, and not just because my degree is in economics.Here “kind of” is a sort of discourse marker of informal speech (showing something is general, vague or not definite).5 I wanted something in finance and investments, because you know, maybe with a job like that, I could use my degree.This has a discourse marker of informal speech (you know).6 ... it’s true, he really did seem to have three hands.Again here is a discourse marker of informal speech (it’s true).7 I talked to him about ... well, about pretty well everything …This has another discourse marker of informal speech (well) and an informal phrase (pretty well).Language in usetry as … might3 Rewrite the sentences using try as … might .1 I’m trying to fill this last page, but I just can’t think of anything.Try as I might to fill this last page, I just can’t think of anything.2 I try to be friendly with Marta, but she doesn’t seem to respond.Try as I might to be friendly with Marta, she doesn’t seem to respond.3 I try hard to get to sleep, but I can’t help thinking about my family.Try as I might to get to sleep, I can’t help thinking about my family.4 He just doesn’t seem to get the promotion he deserves, even though he keeps trying.Try as he might, he just doesn’t seem to get the promotion he deserves. / Try as he might to get the promotion he deserves, he just d oesn’t seem to get it.5 I keep trying to remember her name, but my mind is a blank.Try as I might to remember her name, my mind is a blank.given that …4 Rewrite the sentences using given that …1 Since I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.Given that I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.2 Xiao Li has the best qualifications, so she should get the job.Given that Xiao Li has the best qualifications, she should get the job.3 Since we’re all here, I think it would be a good idea to get down to some work.Given that we’re all here, I think it would be a good idea to get down to some work.4 Since it’s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.Given that it’s rather late, I t hink we should leave this last task until tomorrow.clauses introduced by than5 Rewrite the sentences using clauses introduced by than .1 She’s experienced at giving advice. I’m more experienced.She’s less experienced at giving advice than I am. / I’m more experienced at giving advice than she is.2 You eat too much chocolate. It isn’t good for you.You eat too much chocolate than is good for you.3 She worked very hard. Most part-timers don’t work so hard.She worked harder than most part-timers do.4 You have arrived late too many times. That isn’t acceptable.You have arrived late more times than is acceptable.5 I don’t think you should have given so much personal information. It isn’t wise.I think you have given more personal information than is wise.collocations6 Read the explanations of the words. Answer the questions.1 highlight A highlight is the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event.(a) What would you like to be the highlight of your career?I would like the highlight of my student career to be to receive a national award for the best student research project.(b) How can you highlight an important sentence in a text?You can underline it in pencil or pen or you can use coloured pens or highlighters.(c) What are the edited highlights of a football match?The highlights are when someone scores a goal or prevents one from being scored.2 loan A loan is an amount of money someone borrows from someone else.(a) Have you ever taken out a loan?No, I haven’t. But my parents have taken out several loans to buy kitchen equipment.(b) What is the best way to pay off a loan?It is best to pay a loan off quickly, although you will still have to pay some interest.(c) If you have a library book on loan, what do you have to do with it?You have to return it before the date it is due, otherwise you may have to pay a fine.3 thrive To thrive means to be very successful, happy or healthy.(a) What sort of business thrives best in your part of the country?In my part of the country, light industries and electronics companies thrive.(b) Which sort of plants thrive in a hot climate?In a hot climate you can see tropical fruit and vegetables thrive and also tropical plants and trees.(c) Why do you think some couples thrive on conflict?It is difficult to understand why some couples thrive on conflict. Maybe each one wants to compete with the other or maybe they enjoy “kissing and making up” after the conflict.7 Translate the paragraphs into Chinese.If you ask me, real life is not all it’s cracked up to be. Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?), but mostly with money. It’s just so expensive out here! Everyone wants a slice off you. The Inland Revenue wants to deduct income tax, the bank manager wants repayments on my student loan, the landlord wants the rent, gas, water, electricity and my mobile bills keep coming in, and all that’s before I’ve had anything to eat. And then some bright spark calls me out of the blue, asking if I’m interested in buying a pension. At this rate, I won’t even last till the end of the year, let alone till I’m 60.（☞翻译时可以根据上下文增译，即增加原文暗含了但没有直接表达出来的意思。
新标准大学英语4练习答案和课文译文Unit7
Unit7Active reading (1)Reading and understanding3 Choose the best summary of the passage.2 The passage is the story of a home, the people who lived there and how life has changed over the years, as narrated by the house itself.4 Choose the best answer to the questions.1 Why does the narrator never see his neighbour face on?(a) Because he can‘t really see.(b) Because the neighbour is a long way away.(c) Because the narrator and the neighbour are joined in a line.(d) Because the morning sun shines on the narrator instead of the neighbour.2 What was the main effect of the arrival of the young woman in the groundsman‘s home?(a) She brought companionship, a family and happiness into the home.(b) The children grew older and taller in the home.(c) The groundsman didn‘t have to work so much in the manor house gardens.(d) The home became very noisy.3 Why do you think the couple was holding each other and weeping?(a) Because the couple was growing older.(b) Because the children had grown up and disappeared.(c) Because the daughter had got married.(d) Because the postman had brought bad news about the son.4 How does the narrator feel generally about the years passing?(a) He regrets the people, the new buildings and the traffic.(b) He thinks the neighbouring houses are ugly.(c) He is nostalgic about the past, although he enjoys some of the benefits of progress.(d) He wishes people would spend more time at home.5 How do we know the narrator is getting old?(a) No one is looking after the narrator properly.(b) The narrator has lots of golden memories.(c) There are strange sounds and signs of people who have lived there in the past.(d) The neighbourhood isn‘t what it used to be.6 What do you think is going to happen to the house?(a) Another family will come and live there.(b) The traffic around it will get worse.(c) It‘s going to be pulled down.(d) The workmen are going to use it as a workplace.Dealing with unfamiliar words5 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 a small house built on land belonging to a large house (lodge)2 to provide furniture (furnish)3 feeling rough and hard (coarse)4 to put a piece of equipment somewhere and make it ready for use (install)5 to build something by putting parts together (assemble)6 a group of workers who do physical work (gang)7 a machine or piece of equipment that does a particular thing (device)8 a machine or a piece of equipment you have in your home (appliance)6 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 5.When the (1) gang of workmen arrived, the (2) lodge was in a poor state of repair. They began by(3) installing electricity and then (4) assembled the various pieces of a modern kitchen with all the best (5) appliances such as a washing machine and refrigerator. The walls were rather (6) coarse after years of neglect, so they used a(n) (7) device to make them smooth again. Finally, they (8) furnished it with tables, chairs, sofas and beds, until the house was as comfortable as it used to be.7 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box.1 The two buildings looked exactly the same from the outside, but were very different inside. (identical)2 When spring arrives the garden is full of flowers on the trees. (blossoms)3 The postman used to bring the mail in a large group of things tied together, but these days, we only get the occasional letter. (bundle)4 She felt suddenly unconscious for a short time when she heard the dreadful news. (fainted)5 At the place where two or more roads meet, there are often queues of traffic. (crossroad)6 I sometimes feel unhappy and angry at the noise and traffic, but most of the time I ignore them. (resent)7 When you leave apples on the ground, they are gradually destroyed by a natural proces s, and can‘t be collected and stored. (decay)8 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.1 Is a clearing likely to be (a) an area of woodland, or (b) an area in a wood where there are no trees?2 If something gleams, is it likely to be (a) bright, or (b) dull light?3 Is a riot of colours likely to be (a) just one or two, or (b) lots of different colours?4 If a child gurgles happily, is this likely to be (a) a low, or (b) a high-pitched sound?5 Is a metallic sound likely to be made by (a) something metal, or (b) wooden?6 If a dog howls, does it make (a) a long, loud sound, or (b) a weak, high sound?7 Is a creak likely to be a sound made by (a) something new, or (b) something old?8 If a gate has fallen off its hinges, is it likely to (a) open and shut normally, or (b) stay open?Reading and interpreting9 Look at the sentences from the passage and answer the questions.1 ... I do know that strangely, although we’re identical, we’re the exact opposite of each other ...Why are the house and its neighbour identical yet the exact opposite of each other?… sort of works for some of the information- though I have never seen such an arrangement. But the preposition ‗over‘ will not work, and surely there are two bedrooms – or what is the other room? We know it is not a bathroom- and if there are two bedrooms, how can you say the room arrangement is the opposite as in both cases there are two bedrooms?2 Soon there were children to look after too ...In what way does the house look after the children?The house provides shelter and keeps them warm and dry.3 I thought they looked rather coarse against my handsome stone.Does the house like the new brick houses being built? Why / Why not?No, he does not think brick is as fine a material as stone. The word coarse is negative in connotation.4 But we were all warm and clean, and although it was different, it wasn’t unpleasant.What does the house feel about progress?Fairly positive although a little nervous.5 My floorboards creak, and ghosts make strange noises throughout the night.If the house were a human, what would creaking floorboards and ghosts suggest?Old age with stiff muscles and many memories.6 Round the bend comes a large crane with a kind of ball and chain. I do hope it will go away.What do you think the crane is coming to do? Do you think it will go away?Balls are used to smash down walls so it sounds as if the building will be demolished rather than repaired. If so, the crane will not go away.Active reading (2)Reading and understanding3 Answer the questions.1 Why does the writer suggest that the first photos of Earth from space came as a shock?They offered a new perspective. They allowed us to see our planet from the outside.2 What does the passage suggest are the advantages of progress?People have more comfortable and longer lives.3 What are the disadvantages of progress?Population growth and as a result overuse of resources, pollution etc.4 In what ways are we similar to other people around the world?We consume similar products and services.5 In what ways are we different?We value our individualism and points of difference from others as reflected in the details of our homes.6 What does our home encourage us to do?Relax, be ourselves and look inward.7 Why is watching television ironic?It results in looking outwards at affairs beyond the home.8 How have the roles of women changed?They can follow careers outside the home and have much less time to be housewives.9 Why will it require wisdom and care to ensure people remain safe and satisfied in their homes?The modern world is pushing us towards uniformity and reducing freedom of choice. It will be difficultto balance this against what people want from their homes and lives. Changes to the family itself may also happen with unknown consequences.10 Why might planet Earth become unrecognizable?Homes with families and comfort may have disappeared.Dealing with unfamiliar words4 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 to develop and make more modern (industrialize)2 to suffer something difficult or unpleasant patiently over a long period of time (endure)3 smooth-moving and attractive-looking (graceful)4 a strong feeling of dislike (hatred)5 to stop happening or continuing (cease)6 to take control of (conquer)7 intended, not done by chance or by accident (deliberate)5 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in Activity 4.1 Many animals, like the antelope and the swan, move with such grace that we humans can only admire them.2 In the 17th century, the Founding Fathers escaped from England because their religion was hated by the English, but their endurance allowed them to escape to North America and create the US.3 Industrialized nations have more social and fewer economic problems than developing countries.4 The US government deliberately chose the name the ―Department of Homeland Security‖ in order to stress the importance of home.5 The conquest of space is one of the greatest achievements of the 20th century.6 There is an enduring nee d to remind ourselves that the Earth‘s resources are finite.6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box.In comparison with small buildings, local communities, towns and cities, the Earth is (1) extremely large, but we call all of these our home, where we enjoy our (2) basic human right of clean water, adequate food and personal security. Yet this right creates (3) extreme pressure on the Earth‘s resources, and wemay feel that the human spirit contains an unusual self-dest ructive (4) characteristic. It‘s as if we humans work at the (5) main offices of planet Earth, building it and making it stronger and stronger, but with the ability to bring it down and destroy it. (6) In the end, it‘s our personal duty to leave the Earth as (7) whole and undamaged as we found it when we arrived.Key: (1) immense (2) birthright (3) incredible (4) streak (5) headquarters(6) Ultimately (7) intact7 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.1 If buffalos roam, do they move (a) in a deliberate way, or (b) in no particular direction or without any purpose?2 Is an emotive word likely to be one which causes (a) strong, or (b) weak feelings?3 If you hunker down, are you likely to (a) go out and look for trouble, or (b) look for a safe place to shelter?4 Is domain likely to be (a) an obligation of a particular person or a group, or (b) an area of activity traditionally associated with them?5 Is a place that is habitable somewhere you can (a) live, or (b) travel to?6 If something is immoral, is it likely to be (a) right, or (b) wrong?7 If something takes an inordinate amount of time, does it take (a) a lot of time, or (b) little time? Language in useInversion1 Rewrite the sentences using inversion.1 The sound of children playing came from around the house.From around the house came the sound of children playing..2 More houses stood on top of the hill.On top of the hill stood more houses3 Horseless carriages passed in front of the house.In front of the house passed horseless carriages.4 Two middle-aged women lived here.Here lived two middle-aged women.5 A lorry stops at the front of the house.At the front of the house stops a lorry.6 A large crane comes round the bend.Round the bend comes a large crane.Granted, …2 Rewrite the sentences using Granted , …1 I admit that we recognized Earth from maps and drawings, but it was the first time we had seen photos of it.Granted, we recognized Earth from maps and drawings, but it was the first time we had seen photosof it.2 I admit it was familiar, but it was still unusual.Granted, it was familiar, but it was still unusual.3 I admit we could raise standards of living, but we also know that the growth of population is out of control.Granted, we could raise standards of living, but we also know that the growth of population is out of control.4 I admit we have learnt to like the same things, but we also recognize our individual natures. Granted, we have learnt to like the same things, but we also recognize our individual natures.5 I admit that women‘s roles have changed, but men‘s roles have not.Granted, women‘s roles have changed, but men‘s roles have not.binomials3 Complete the sentences with suitable binomials from the box.1 There are lots of good things to eat. You can pick and choose.2 His secretary looked very prim and proper and the whole meeting was very formal.3 When I write a story, I write the ending first, and then work backwards. I write back to front.4 When I go on holiday, I don‘t want to do much. I just need some peace and quiet.5 Don‘t worry, we‘ll find your wallet sooner or later.6 This is the best I can do for this activity. Take it or leave it.Additional activityMatch the binomials with their meaning.1 d2 f3 j4 g5 a6 b7 i8 c9 h 10 ecollocations4 Complete the sentences with suitable expressions from the collocation box. Sometimes more than one collocation is possible.1 The results led him to abandon his belief that the climate was not changing.2 The international community is a vague term used to refer to all the governments of the world.3 She is achieving great success / popularity as a designer of stylish home furnishings.4 The government is facing immense pressure to provide cheap housing for the growing population.5 The minister has set up a working party to look into the problem of homelessness.6 If you have a spare room, you could take in a student and make a little extra money.5 Translate the paragraphs into Chinese.In so many ways, we now share our home – and our homes – with so many others. From Australia to Zambia, we wear baseball caps and watch Hollywood movies. Markets in Morocco sell radios made in Singapore, and we all watch television and enjoy the same type of programmes. Are people obliged to do this, or do they simply want to?Yet at heart, while we have learnt – or have been taught? – to like and aspire towards the same things, we recognize a streak of individualism in ourselves, a consciousness of difference, of our own uniqueness.And when life on Earth gets overwhelming, people retreat into themselves, into their homes.The word home is an emotive one. It‘s a deliberate choice to call the organization to protect the US from terrorism the Department of Homeland Security. Home doesn‘t mean just bricks and mortar, transl ated into house or housing in so many languages. Home is where we hunker down, take off our shoes and switch off from the outside world. It‘s an inward-looking place, where we should feel safe. Our homes also show our individual sides, through the pictures on the wall, the favourite chair, the souvenirs from visits beyond our homes, our expression of choice, which remain unchanging day to day, symbols of a moment‘s pause in an ever-changing world.我们在许多方面和许多人共享我们各自的家——我们的家，从澳大利亚到赞比亚，人们都戴棒球帽，看好莱坞电影。
新标准大学英语四 单元课后英汉互译题答案~大宝免费出品
Unite 11.If you ask me, real life is not all it's cracked up to be. Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?依我看，现实生活与人们想象的不一样。
我们上了12年的中、小学，又上了3年的大学，这期间老师们一直在没完没了地谈论在安宁的学生生活之外那个广阔天地里的各种机会，可我遇到的又是什么呢？2.Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?), but mostly with money. It's just so expensive out here! Everyone wants a slice off you. The Inland Revenue wants to deduct income tax, the bank manager wants repayments on my student loan, the landlord wants the rent, gas, water, electricity and my mobile bills keep coming in, and all that's before I've had anything to eat. And then some bright spark calls me out of the blue, asking if I'm interested in buying a pension. At this rate, I won't even last till the end of the year, letalone till I'm 60.无论我怎么想保持心情愉快，麻烦事总是接踵而来：有时是跟人争吵（尤其是跟男孩，天哪！他们什么时候才能长大？），但通常是为钱发愁。
新标准大学英语综合教程unit 课后答案及课文翻译
应 Key to book4 unit1-4Unit 1Active reading (1)Looking for a job after university? First, get off the sofaReading and understandingDealing with unfamiliar words3 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 to make progress by moving to the next stage in a series of actions or events (proceed)2 the process of changing from one situation, form or state to another (transition)3 not feeling involved with someone or something in a close or emotional way (detached)4 referring to something which will happen soon (upcoming)5 to be sitting still in a position that is not upright (slump)6 to return to a previous state or way of behaving (revert)7 to say what happened (recount)4 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 3. It isn’t easy to make the (1) transition from a busy university student to an unemployed young adult (2) slumped on a bar stool or half watching a mindless television show, wondering if and how their career is going to (3) proceed. Many people who have experienced a long period of inactivity like this, when (4) recounting how they felt at the time, refer to the same strange psychological effect. As the days pass, they begin to feel (5) detached from any sense of pressure to go and look for a job, and tend to regard (6) upcoming interviews as if they were not very important. Typically, back at home after three or four years away, they (7) revert to old habits, start seeing old friends, and, in many cases, become dependent again on their parents.5 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes.1 I went to a mixed-ability secondary school just outside London. (comprehensive)2 I got stopped by a policeman who asked to see my driving licence. (cop)3 Have you seen this beautiful from the air view of Oxford? (aerial)4 Isabel tightly her bag as she walked down the corridor towards the office.(clutched)5 You should speak to Tob y; he’s an supporter of flexible working hours. (advocate)6 I hurt my leg badly a couple of months ago, and it still hasn’t got better completely. (healed)6 Answer the questions about the words.1 Is a dead-end job one with (a) exciting prospects, or (b) no future?2 Is a tricky problem (a) difficult, or (b) easy to solve?3 If an activity saps all your energy, do you feel (a) tired, or (b) more active than usual?4 Does a pushy person try to (a) persuade you to do something you don’t want to, or (b) help you by listening to what you have to say?5 If you feel apathy, do you want to (a) change the world, or (b) stay at home and do nothing?7 Answer the questions about the phrases.1 Is fork out (a) a formal, or (b) an informal way of saying to pay for something?2 If you are in the same boat as another person, are you (a) making the same journey together, or (b) in the same difficult or unpleasant situation?3 If you feel you have come full circle, do you (a) feel you are back where you started, or (b) feel a sense of satisfaction because you have completed something?4 If someone takes a soft line, do they deal with a person (a) in a kind and sympathetic way, or (b) in a lazy way without making a decision?5 If you strike the right note about something, are you expressing yourself(a) well, or (b) badly?6 If you do something by all means, do you (a) try your best to do it, or(b) not care about it?7 If you nudge someone back into the saddle, are you encouraging them to (a) take responsibility again, or (b) take it easy?8 If you talk through a problem with someone, do you (a) examine it carefully and sensitively, or (b) refer to it quickly and then change the subject? Active reading (2)If you ask meDealing with unfamiliar words4 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 funny or entertaining (amusing)2 used for emphasizing that something good has happened, especially because of good luck (fortunately)3 an amount of money that a person, business or country borrows, usually froma bank (loan)4 to take an amount or number from a total (deduct)5 the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event (highlight)6 to show that you understand someone’s problems (sympathize)7 needing a lot of time, ability, and energy (demanding)5 Complete the conversation with the correct form of the words in Activity 4.A After three years at university, I’m now quite heavily in debt.B I (1) sympathize with you, I know what it’s like to have financial problems. But (2) fortunately I didn’t need to take out a student (3) loan when I was at university, because I had a part-time job.A What did you do?B I worked in a restaurant at weekends.A That must have been very (4) demanding.B Yes, it was. I had to get the right balance between work and study. But the other people who worked there were good fun to be with, so it was quite (5) amusing too. The (6) highlight of the weekend was always Saturday night when we worked overtime.A But I don’t expect you made a lot of money?B No, there wasn’t much after they’d (7) deducted tax and pension contributions. But it was enough to keep me going.6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes.1 When I was at college I kept all my personal things in an old cupboard.2 A lot of people who leave university before getting a degree end up in good jobs.3 I think she’ll get a good degree, but I wouldn’t risk my money on the exact result.4 The money I spent at college was more than what I earned in my part-time job.5 The chances of my being offered a job after that interview must be quite remote.6 Our business has done very well since we changed our advertising.7 I think telling the truth and not cheating is always the best policy. Key:(1) belongings (2) dropouts (3) gamble (4) exceeded (5) odds(6) has thrived (7) honesty7 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.1 If something is not all it’s cracked up to be, is it (a) valid and interesting, or (b) just a little bit disappointing?2 If someone keeps banging on about something, are you likely to be (a) interested in, or (b) bored by what they say?3 If there is a lot of hassle in your life, are you likely to feel (a) stressed, or (b) relaxed?4 If something happens out of the blue, is it (a) unexpected, or (b) part of your plan?5 If you say you ended up in a particular job, do you suggest that (a) you have fulfilled your ambition, or (b) it happened almost by chance?6 Are the regulars in a pub (a) the customers who come very often, or (b) the food the pub offers most often?7 If something is dead easy, is it (a) very easy, or (b) not easy at all?8 If you treat someone to something, do you (a) buy something nice for them, or (b) behave badly to them?9 If you cheer a place up, do you (a) make the place look brighter, or (b) make the people in the place happier?Reading and interpreting8 Look at the sentences from the passage and identify the style features.1 Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?This shows the informality of an incomplete sentence in the first part, the use of an informal expression (banging on) and a rhetorical question to the reader (What do I find?)2 Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?) …This has the use of an informal word (hassle), an informal exclamation (god)and a question to thereader (When will they grow up?)3 Actually, I had my eye on the course at the London School of Economics (LSE). Here there is a discourse marker typical of speech (Actually) and an informal phrase (had my eye on).4 I kind of understand it, and not just because my degree is in economics. Here “kind of” is a sort of discourse marker of informal speech (showing something is general, vague or not definite).5 I wanted something in finance and investments, because you know, maybe witha job like that, I could use my degree.This has a discourse marker of informal speech (you know).6 ... it’s true, he really did seem to have three hands.Again here is a discourse marker of informal speech (it’s true).7 I talked to him abo ut ... well, about pretty well everything …This has another discourse marker of informal speech (well) and an informal phrase (pretty well).Language in useword formation: compound nouns1 Write the compound nouns which mean:1 a degree which is awarded a first class (a first-class degree)2 work in a hospital (hospital work)3 a ticket for a plane journey (a plane ticket)4 a discount for students (a student discount)5 a pass which allows you to travel on buses (a bus pass)6 a room where an interview is held (an interview room)7 a period spent in training (a training period)word formation: noun phrases2 Write the noun phrases which mean:1 a career which is rewarding from the financial point of view (a financially rewarding career)2 legislation which has been introduced recently (recently introduced legislation)3 instructions which are more complex than usual (unusually complex instructions)4 an institution which is orientated towards academic (academically orientated work)5 work which makes physical demands on you (physically demanding work)6 information which has the potential to be important (potentially important information)7 candidates who have been selected after a careful procedure (carefully selected candidates)8 a coursebook in which everything has been planned beautifully (a beautifully planned textbook)try as … might3 Rewrite the sentences using try as … might .1 I’m trying to fill this last page, but I just can’t think of anything. Try as I mig ht to fill this last page, I just can’t think of anything.2 I try to be friendly with Marta, but she doesn’t seem to respond.Try as I might to be friendly with Marta, she doesn’t seem to respond.3 I try hard to get to sleep, but I can’t help thinking ab out my family. Try as I might to get to sleep, I can’t help thinking about my family.4 He just doesn’t seem to get the promotion he deserves, even though he keeps trying.Try as he might, he just doesn’t seem to get the promotion he deserves. / Try as he might to get thepromotion he deserves, he just doesn’t seem to get it.5 I keep trying to remember her name, but my mind is a blank.Try as I might to remember her name, my mind is a blank.given that …4 Rewrite the sentences using given that …1 Since I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad. Given that I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.2 Xiao Li has the best qualifications, so she should get the job.Given that Xiao Li has the best qualifications, she should get the job.3 Since we’re all here, I think it would be a good idea to get down to some work.Given that we’re all here, I think it would be a good idea to get down to some work.4 Since it’s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.Given that it’s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.clauses introduced by than5 Rewrite the sentences using clauses introduced by than .1 She’s experienced at giving advice. I’m more experienced.She’s less experienced at giving advice than I am. / I’m more experienced at giving advice than she is.2 You eat too much chocolate. It isn’t good for you.You eat too much chocolate than is good for you.3 She worked very hard. Most part-timers don’t work so hard.She worked harder than most part-timers do.4 You have arrived late too many times. That isn’t acceptable.You have arrived late more times than is acceptable.5 I don’t think you should have given so much personal information. It isn’t wise.I think you have given more personal information than is wise. collocations6 Read the explanations of the words. Answer the questions.1 highlight A highlight is the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event.(a) What would you like to be the highlight of your career?I would like the highlight of my student career to be to receive a national award for the best student research project.(b) How can you highlight an important sentence in a text?You can underline it in pencil or pen or you can use coloured pens or highlighters.(c) What are the edited highlights of a football match?The highlights are when someone scores a goal or prevents one from being scored.2 loan A loan is an amount of money someone borrows from someone else.(a) Have you ever taken out a loan?No, I haven’t. But my parents have taken out several loans to buy kitchenequipment.(b) What is the best way to pay off a loan?It is best to pay a loan off quickly, although you will still have to pay some interest.(c) If you have a library book on loan, what do you have to do with it? You have to return it before the date it is due, otherwise you may have to pay a fine.3 thrive To thrive means to be very successful, happy or healthy.(a) What sort of business thrives best in your part of the country?In my part of the country, light industries and electronics companies thrive.(b) Which sort of plants thrive in a hot climate?In a hot climate you can see tropical fruit and vegetables thrive and also tropical plants and trees.(c) Why do you think some couples thrive on conflict?It is difficult to understand why some couples thrive on conflict. Maybe each one wants to compete with the other or maybe they enjoy “kissing and making up” after the conflict.7 Translate the paragraphs into Chinese.If you ask me, real life is not all it’s cracked up to be. Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?), but mostly with money. It’s just so expensive out here! Everyone wants a slice off you. The Inland Revenue wants to deduct income tax, the bank manager wants repayments on my student loan, the landlord wants the rent, gas, water, electricity and my mobile bills keep coming in, and all that’s before I’ve had anything to eat. And then some bright spark calls me out of the blue, asking if I’m interested in buying a pension. At this rate, I won’t even last till the end of the year, let alone till I’m 60.（? 翻译时可以根据上下文增译，即增加原文暗含了但没有直接表达出来的意思。
新标准大学英语综合教程4(unit1-7)课后答案及课文翻译
Key to book4 unit1-7Unit 1 Active reading (1)Looking for a job after university? First, get off the sofaReading and understandingDealing with unfamiliar words3 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 to make progress by moving to the next stage in a series of actions or events (proceed)2 the process of changing from one situation, form or state to another (transition)3 not feeling involved with someone or something in a close or emotional way (detached)4 referring to something which will happen soon (upcoming)5 to be sitting still in a position that is not upright (slump)6 to return to a previous state or way of behaving (revert)7 to say what happened (recount)4 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 3.It isn’t easy to make the (1) transition from a busy university student to an unemployed young adult (2) slumped on a bar stool or half watching a mindless television show, wondering if and how their career is going to (3) proceed. Many people who have experienced a long period of inactivity like this, when (4) recounting how they felt at the time, refer to the same strange psychological effect. As the days pass, they begin to feel (5) detached from any sense of pressure to go and look for a job, and tend to regard (6) upcoming interviews as if they were not very important. Typically, back at home after three or four years away, they (7) revert to old habits, start seeing old friends, and, in many cases, become dependent again on their parents.5 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes.1 I went to a mixed-ability secondary school just outside London. (comprehensive)2 I got stopped by a policeman who asked to see my driving licence. (cop)3 Have you seen this beautiful from the air view of Oxford? (aerial)4 Isabel tightly her bag as she walked down the corridor towards the office. (clutched)5 You should speak to Toby; he’s an supporter of flexible working hours. (advocate)6 I hurt my leg badly a couple of months ago, and it still hasn’t got better completely. (healed)6 Answer the questions about the words.1 Is a dead-end job one with (a) exciting prospects, or (b) no future?2 Is a tricky problem (a) difficult, or (b) easy to solve?3 If an activity saps all your energy, do you feel (a) tired, or (b) more active than usual?4 Does a pushy person try to (a) persuade you to do something you don’t want to, or (b) help you by listening to what you have to say?5 If you feel apathy, do you want to (a) change the world, or (b) stay at home and do nothing?7 Answer the questions about the phrases.1 Is fork out (a) a formal, or (b) an informal way of saying to pay for something?2 If you are in the same boat as another person, are you (a) making the same journey together, or (b) in the same difficult or unpleasant situation?3 If you feel you have come full circle, do you (a) feel you are back where you started, or (b) feel a sense of satisfaction because you have completed something?4 If someone takes a soft line, do they deal with a person (a) in a kind and sympathetic way, or (b) in a lazy way without making a decision?5 If you strike the right note about something, are you expressing yourself (a) well, or (b) badly?6 If you do something by all means, do you (a) try your best to do it, or (b) not care about it?7 If you nudge someone back into the saddle, are you encouraging them to (a) take responsibility again, or (b) take it easy?8 If you talk through a problem with someone, do you (a) examine it carefully and sensitively, or (b) refer to it quickly and then change the subject?Active reading (2)If you ask meDealing with unfamiliar words4 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 funny or entertaining (amusing)2 used for emphasizing that something good has happened, especially because of good luck (fortunately)3 an amount of money that a person, business or country borrows, usually from a bank (loan)4 to take an amount or number from a total (deduct)5 the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event (highlight)6 to show that you understand someone’s problems (sympathize)7 needing a lot of time, ability, and energy (demanding)5 Complete the conversation with the correct form of the words in Activity 4.A After three years at university, I’m now quite heavily in debt.B I (1) sympathize with you, I know what it’s like to have financial problems. But (2) fortunately I didn’t need to take out a student (3) loan when I was at university, because I had a part-time job.A What did you do?B I worked in a restaurant at weekends.A That must have been very (4) demanding.B Yes, it was. I had to get the right balance between work and study. But the other people who worked there were good fun to be with, so it was quite (5) amusing too. The (6) highlight of the weekend was always Saturday night when we worked overtime.A But I don’t expect you made a lot of money?B No, there wasn’t much after they’d (7) deducted tax and pension contributions. But it was enough to keep me going.6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes.1 When I was at college I kept all my personal things in an old cupboard.2 A lot of people who leave university before getting a degree end up in good jobs.3 I think she’ll get a good degree, but I wouldn’t risk my money on the exact result.4 The money I spent at college was more than what I earned in my part-time job.5 The chances of my being offered a job after that interview must be quite remote.6 Our business has done very well since we changed our advertising.7 I think telling the truth and not cheating is always the best policy.Key:(1) belongings (2) dropouts (3) gamble (4) exceeded (5) odds(6) has thrived (7) honesty7 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.1 If something is not all it’s cracked up to be, is it (a) valid and interesting, or (b) just a little bit disappointing?2 If someone keeps banging on about something, are you likely to be (a) interested in, or (b) bored by what they say?3 If there is a lot of hassle in your life, are you likely to feel (a) stressed, or (b) relaxed?4 If something happens out of the blue, is it (a) unexpected, or (b) part of your plan?5 If you say you ended up in a particular job, do you suggest that (a) you have fulfilled your ambition, or (b) it happened almost by chance?6 Are the regulars in a pub (a) the customers who come very often, or (b) the food the pub offers most often?7 If something is dead easy, is it (a) very easy, or (b) not easy at all?8 If you treat someone to something, do you (a) buy something nice for them, or (b) behave badly to them?9 If you cheer a place up, do you (a) make the place look brighter, or (b) make the people in the place happier?Reading and interpreting8 Look at the sentences from the passage and identify the style features.1 Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?This shows the informality of an incomplete sentence in the first part, the use of an informal expression (banging on) and a rhetorical question to the reader (What do I find?)2 Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?) …This has the use of an informal word (hassle), an informal exclamation (god) and a question to the reader (When will they grow up?)3 Actually, I had my eye on the course at the London School of Economics (LSE).Here there is a discourse marker typical of speech (Actually) and an informal phrase (had my eye on).4 I kind of understand it, and not just because my degree is in economics.Here “kind of” is a sort of discourse marker of informal speech (showing something is general,vague or not definite).5 I wanted something in finance and investments, because you know, maybe with a job like that, I could use my degree.This has a discourse marker of informal speech (you know).6 ... it’s true, he really did seem to have three hands.Again here is a discourse marker of informal speech (it’s true).7 I talked to him about ... well, about pretty well everything …This has another discourse marker of informal speech (well) and an informal phrase (pretty well). Language in useword formation: compound nouns1 Write the compound nouns which mean:1 a degree which is awarded a first class (a first-class degree)2 work in a hospital (hospital work)3 a ticket for a plane journey (a plane ticket)4 a discount for students (a student discount)5 a pass which allows you to travel on buses (a bus pass)6 a room where an interview is held (an interview room)7 a period spent in training (a training period)word formation: noun phrases2 Write the noun phrases which mean:1 a career which is rewarding from the financial point of view (a financially rewarding career)2 legislation which has been introduced recently (recently introduced legislation)3 instructions which are more complex than usual (unusually complex instructions)4 an institution which is orientated towards academic (academically orientated work)5 work which makes physical demands on you (physically demanding work)6 information which has the potential to be important (potentially important information)7 candidates who have been selected after a careful procedure (carefully selected candidates)8 a coursebook in which everything has been planned beautifully (a beautifully planned textbook)try as … might3 Rewrite the sentences using try as … might .1 I’m trying to fill this last page, but I just can’t think of anything.Try as I might to fill this last page, I just can’t think of anything.2 I try to be friendly with Marta, but she doesn’t seem to respond.Try as I might to be friendly with Marta, she doesn’t seem to respond.3 I try hard to get to sleep, but I can’t help thinking about my family.Try as I might to get to sleep, I can’t help thinking about my family.4 He just doesn’t seem to get the promotion he deserves, even though he keeps trying.Try as he might, he just doesn’t seem to get the promotion he deserves. / Try as he might to get the promotion he deserves, he just doesn’t seem to get it.5 I keep trying to remember her name, but my mind is a blank.Try as I might to remember her name, my mind is a blank.given that …4 Rewrite the sentences using given that …1 Since I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.Given that I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.2 Xiao Li has the best qualifications, so she should get the job.Given that Xiao Li has the best qualifications, she should get the job.3 Since we’re all here, I think it would be a good idea to get down to some work.Given that we’re all here, I think it would be a good idea to get down to some work.4 Since it’s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.Given that it’s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.clauses introduced by than5 Rewrite the sentences using clauses introduced by than .1 She’s experienced at giving advice. I’m more experienced.She’s less experienced at giving advice than I am. / I’m more experienced at giving advice than she is.2 You eat too much chocolate. It isn’t good for you.You eat too much chocolate than is good for you.3 She worked very hard. Most part-timers don’t work so hard.She worked harder than most part-timers do.4 You have arrived late too many times. That isn’t acceptable.You have arrived late more times than is acceptable.5 I don’t think you should have given so much personal information. It isn’t wise.I think you have given more personal information than is wise.collocations6 Read the explanations of the words. Answer the questions.1 highlight A highlight is the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event.(a) What would you like to be the highlight of your career?I would like the highlight of my student career to be to receive a national award for the best student research project.(b) How can you highlight an important sentence in a text?You can underline it in pencil or pen or you can use coloured pens or highlighters.(c) What are the edited highlights of a football match?The highlights are when someone scores a goal or prevents one from being scored.2 loan A loan is an amount of money someone borrows from someone else.(a) Have you ever taken out a loan?No, I haven’t. But my parents have taken out several loans to buy kitchen equipment.(b) What is the best way to pay off a loan?It is best to pay a loan off quickly, although you will still have to pay some interest.(c) If you have a library book on loan, what do you have to do with it?You have to return it before the date it is due, otherwise you may have to pay a fine.3 thrive To thrive means to be very successful, happy or healthy.(a) What sort of business thrives best in your part of the country?In my part of the country, light industries and electronics companies thrive.(b) Which sort of plants thrive in a hot climate?In a hot climate you can see tropical fruit and vegetables thrive and also tropical plants and trees. (c) Why do you think some couples thrive on conflict?It is difficult to understand why some couples thrive on conflict. Maybe each one wants to compete with the other or maybe they enjoy “kissing and making up” after the conflict.7 Translate the paragraphs into Chinese.If you ask me, real life is not all it’s cracked up to be. Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?), but mostly with money. It’s just so expensive out here! Everyone wants a slice off you. The Inland Revenue wants to deduct income tax, the bank manager wants repayments on my student loan, the landlord wants the rent, gas, water, electricity and my mobile bills keep coming in, a nd all that’s before I’ve had anything to eat. And then some bright spark calls me out of the blue, asking if I’m interested in buying a pension. At this rate, I won’t even last till the end of the year, let alone till I’m 60.（☞翻译时可以根据上下文增译，即增加原文暗含了但没有直接表达出来的意思。
新标准大学英语综合教程4课后翻译unit1-8
第四册Unit 11.If you ask me, real life is not all it's cracked up to be. Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?), but mostly with money. It's just so expensive out here! Everyone wants a slice off you. The Inland Revenue wants to deduct income tax, the bank manager wants repayments on my student loan, the landlord wants the rent, gas, water, electricity and my mobile bills keep coming in, and all that's before I've had anything to eat. And then some bright spark calls me out of the blue, asking if I'm interested in buying a pension. At this rate, I won't even last till the end of the year, let alone till I'm 60.依我看，现实生活与人们想象的不一样。
新标准大学英语综合教程4课后习题翻译
课后翻译Unit11. If you ask me, real life is not all it’s cracked up to be. Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?), but mostly with money. It’s just so expensive out here! Everyone wants a slice off you. The Inland Revenue wants to deduct income tax, the bank manager wants repayments on my student loan,the landlord wants the rent, gas, water, electricity and my mobile bills keep coming in, and all that’s before I’ve had anything to eat. And then some bright spark calls me out of the blue, asking if I’m interested in buying a pension. And this rate, I won’t even last till the end of the year, let alone till I’m 60.依我看，现实生活并没有人们想象的那么美好。
新标准大学英语综合教程4课后答案及课文翻译
新标准大学英语综合教程4课后答案及课文翻译1.阅读理解Social NetworkingSocial networking has grown rapidly over the past few years, and many people now have accounts on such sites as MySpace and Facebook. Sites like these allow people to connect with friends, share photos, videos, and other information, and play online games.Despite its popularity, however, social networking also has its drawbacks. Many people now use these sites to post messages containing sensitive personal information, such as their address and phone number. This information can easily be seen by anyone, potentially allowing identity thieves to gain access to your personal information. It is also important to be aware of the fact that your profile may be seen by potential employers, and therefore it is best to be careful about what information you include in your profile.In addition, it is important to remember that social networking sites are constantly changing. This means that you need to stay on top of the latest features and trends. It is also import ant to be respectful of other people’s views and opinions, and to abide by the terms of use of the site.Finally, it is important to remember that social networking sites are only one of many ways to connect with people. It is possible to meet and talk to interesting people in the real world as well.1. What are some of the advantages of social networking?A. It allows people to protect their personal information.B. It makes it easy to find new friends.C. It allows people to share photos and videos.D. It allows people to stay up-to-date on the latest trends.答案：C、D2. What is one of the potential risks of using social networking sites?A. Potential employers may view your profile.B. It encourages people to be disrespectful of others.C. Identity thieves may gain access to your personal information.D. You may post messages containing sensitive information.。
新标准大学英语4课后翻译
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新标准大学英语4课后题翻译
Unit11.If you ask me, real life is not all it’s cracked up to be. Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?依我看，现实生活与人们想象的不一样。
我们上了12年的中、小学，又上了3年的大学，这期间老师们一直在没完没了地谈论在安宁的学生生活之外那个广阔天地里的各种机会，可我遇到的又是什么呢？2.Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?), but mostly with money. It’s just so expensive o ut here! Everyone wants a slice off you. The Inland Revenue wants to deduct income tax, the bank manager wants repayments on my student loan, the landlord wants the rent, gas, water, electricity and my mobile bills keep coming in, and all that’s before I’have had anything to eat. And then some bright spark calls me out of the blue, asking if I’m interested in buying a pension. At this rate, I won’t even last till the end of the year, let alone till I’m 60.无论我怎么想保持心情愉快，麻烦事总是接踵而来：有时是跟人争吵（尤其是跟男孩，天哪！他们什么时候才能长大？），但通常是为钱发愁。
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新标准大学英语4单元翻译题答案Unite 1我认为，选修第二专业并不适合每一位本科生。
我大学本科主修英语专业，大一时就开始辅修经济学了。
无疑，我是班里最用功的学生。
我竭尽全力想同时达到两个不同专业的要求，但还是有不及格的时候。
因为经济学需要良好的数学基础，我不得不花大量时间钻研数学，因而忽略了英语学习。
第二学期,《英国文学》及《宏观经济学》两门课不及格给我敲响了警钟，这可是我一生中第一次考试不及格，这大大打击了我的自信心。
虽然我不是一个容易向命运低头的人，在暑假结束的时候，我还是决定放弃经济学，以免两个专业都难以完成。
当我只需修一个专业的时候，一切似乎又回到了正轨。
(if you ask me; odds; try as … might; sap one’s confidence; given that; bow to fate;come to a close; for fear that; now that)If you ask me, taking a second major isn’t good for every undergraduate. In my freshman year as an English major, I took economics as my minor. By all odds, I was the most hardworking student in my class. But try as I might to meet the requirements of the two different subjects, I still couldn’t do well enough to pass all the exams. Given that the study of economics required a good command of mathematics, I had to spend so much time on math that I neglected my English major.Failing English Literature andMacroeconomics in the second semester sounded the alarm for me. This was the first time I did not pass a course in my life, which had greatly sapped my confidence. Although I was not a man who would easily bow to fate, as the summer break came to a close, I decided to give up economics for fear that I would fail in both subjects. Now that I had only one subject to attend to,everything seemed to be on the right track again.Unite 21 张磊是在毕业工作后才开始意识到读书的乐趣的。
反思自己的大学教育时，他感慨不已：他的一些同学都沉浸于从图书馆或书店找到的各种有趣的书籍，而他却只读了一些教科书，其中连一本真正能让他爱不释手、值得一读的书都没有。
他可以说是被剥夺了通过书了解作家奇妙世界的特权。
It was not until after he had graduated from university and started to work that Zhang Lei became awareof the pleasure of reading. Reflecting on his undergraduate studies, he lamented that he, unlike his classmates who had immersed themselves in various interesting books they were able to lay hands onfrom the library or bookshop, had only read textbooks, none of which was really worthwhile, or couldbe read in one sitting. He was deprived of theprivilege of gaining access to the writers’ fantastic worlds through the windows their books have opened, so to speak.2 如今，他嗜书如命，废寝忘食，好像要把大学期间没机会读的好书全都读一遍。
到目前为止他已经利用业余时间读了几百本小说、传记和游记。
他意识到书不仅能向他展示一个充满希望的前景，帮他消除现实生活中的压力和疲劳，而且能够帮他澄清一些误解，找到生活的真谛。
(reflect on; in one sitting; lay hands on; immerse in; worthwhile; privilege; withstand; vista) Now he has become an avid and omnivorous reader. It is as if he wants to make up for those marvel lousbooks he hadn’t had a chance to read in his university days. By now, in his spare time, he has read several hundreds of books,including novels, biographies and travel notes. He realizes that books cannot only reveal to him the vista of a hopeful future and help him withstand stresses and strains, they can also help him clear up some misconceptions and discover the true meaning of life. Unite 3一个人的穿着似乎能影响他的行为方式。
譬如，在校内要穿校服是中小学生所必须严格遵守的规矩之一。
倘若在学生着装整齐划一和行为的统一规范之间不存在一种象征性关联的话，校服便不可能如此盛行。
然而，多年的学校生活让学生在内心里对随处可见的校服产生了抵触情绪，校服毕竟压制了个性的表达。
为了弥补这种损失，学生常常会在周末穿流行的休闲装。
直到上了大学，他们才会享受真正的着装自由，而服装上的无序与大学培养创造力、鼓励自由表达思想及展露才华密切相关。
可惜这样的好景不会太长，经过一段相对短暂的自由之后，他们在毕业工作之后将再次经历着装规范的压力。
(hard and fast; there is no doubt that; currency; correlation; backlash; ubiquitous; compensate for;anarchy; obtain; revive)What you wear seems to dictate the kind of person you are supposed to be. Take primary school and high school students for example. One of the hard and fast rules they have to observe is that they mustwear uniforms at school. There is no doubt that school uniforms would not have achieved their currency without a symbolic correlation between the uniformity of clothes and the students’ conformity to some common code of conduct.However, after years of school life, there is always a backlash secretly nursed in the students’ mind against the ubiquitous uniform which suppresses the expression of individuality. To compensate for this loss, students try to hunt for more casual and popular clothes and wear them on weekends. Itis not until they start university, however, that they can really enjoy the freedom of dress, an anarchy associated with the cultivation of creativity and the encouragement of the free expression of ideas and talents. But this situation won’t obtain for long. After a relatively short time of liberty, they may experience again the revived pressure of dress code as soon as they become professionals.Unit 4谈及目前经济萧条所带来的影响，学生活动的减少就是一个很好的例证。
为了活跃校园生活，大学愿意划拨一部分资金来资助学生社团活动，但由于今年学校的预算大幅减少，对社团的资助也相应缩减了不少。
显然，学生社团要恢复以前的活力就必须想办法克服自身的经济困难。