罗经国《新编英国文学选读》(第4版)教材-第9章 维多利亚时期(1832~1901)【圣才出品】

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第9章维多利亚时期(1832~1901)

9.1 复习笔记

Ⅰ. Historical background(历史背景)

(1) 1832~1848

The first reform bill—the industrial capitalists gain their power in Parliament. This bill extended the right to vote to the industrial capitalists and the lower middle class, but not the workers.

凭借第一部改革议案,工业资产阶级在议会中赢得了权利。这个议案使工业资产阶级和中下层阶级获得了选举权,但是工人却并没有获得选举权。

(2) In the fifties and sixties(五十年代和六十年代)

England had become the workshop of the world and the world’s banker. It was a period of complacency, stability and optimism.

英国成为“世界工厂”和“世界银行”。这个时期的社会稳定发展,人们对未来信心百倍。

(3) In the 1890s(十九世纪九十年代)

The 1890s is a period of serenity and security. By 1890, England continued to grow in strength. The British Empire had comprised more than a quarter of all the territory on the surface of the earth.

九十年代是一个安稳而宁静的年代,这个时期,英国的实力持续增长,英国占据了世界四分之一的领土。

Ⅱ. The Victorian Novelists (维多利亚时期的小说家)

The Flourishing of Novels(小说兴起的背景)

①a new reading public

新的阅读群体

②a dropping of the price of books

书价格的下跌

③a profession of writing

写作职业的出现

④a need of recreation and entertainment

休闲娱乐的需要

⑤a need of satire of individuals or institutions

讽刺个人或体制的需要

⑥the feminist movement

女权运动

Common Features of Victorian Novels(维多利亚小说的共同特征)①The plot

小说情节的社会背景更加广

②The cause-effect sequence

因果关系更加明确

③By installment

以系列的形式出版

④The spirit of Puritanism

清教思想的渗入

⑤Moral Purpose

以道德说教为目的

1. Charles Dickens (1812~1870)(查尔斯·狄更斯)

(1) Brief Introduction of the Author(作者简介)

Dickens was born at Portsmouth in 1812. In 1858 Dickens began to give public readings which continued until his death in 1870. He is the most important novelist of the critical realistic period. In his works, he exposes the cruelty and the hypocrisy of the upper class of the English society, making great contributions to the development of the English literature.

1812年生于朴次茅斯市郊,狄更斯在1858年开始公开朗诵,直到1870年他去世。他是19世纪英国批判现实主义小说家。在他的作品中,狄更斯揭露了上层阶级的残酷与虚伪,对英国文学发展起到了深远的影响。

(2) Artistic Techniques(艺术技巧)

①a tendency to depict the grotesque characters or events

描写怪异的人物或者事件

②love to instill life into inanimate things

使无生命的事物具有生命特征

③description of pathetic scenes

描写悲惨的场景激发人们的同情

(3) Major Works(主要作品)

The Pickwick Papers

《匹克威克外传》

Oliver Twist

《雾都孤儿》

The Old Curiosity Shop

《老古玩店》

Dombey and Son

《董贝父子》

David Copperfield

《大卫·科波菲尔》

Bleak House

《荒凉山庄》

Hard Times

《艰难时世》

A Tale of Two Cities

《双城记》

Great Expectations

《远大前程》

(4) Appreciation of Works(作品赏析)

◆Dombey and Son(《董贝父子》)

Dombey and Son, published in serial form in 1847~1848, is one of the

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