高级英语复习笔记及讲解
高级英语笔记整理
Part I 词汇第一册第一课中东的集市1）2010 do the same as someone elase has done…collect in the same area : gather2010 4)bargaing is the order of the day : the prevailing state of things; the commanding thing to do 头等大事glowing or burning8) a trickle of oil ozzes own…no longer new; second hand第二课广岛—日本最有活力的城市1)feeling of pressure in one’s throat, caused by repressed emotionbecause of strong emotion2)to have the same preoccupations: 占据思想；全神贯注；心里总想着的事物3)to rub shoulders with :meet and mix with (people) 与...有来往；和。
接触:4)上下疾动)5)form of words used as a rite礼节20116)the rear-view mirror ：riving-mirror inside a motor-vehicle for seeing out of the rear window后视镜7)this intermezzo came to an end:插曲；间奏曲；幕间剧8)9）：group of people sharing the same thought9)第三课沙漠之舟1）the amount of something caught; in the sentence it refers tousually blows逆风的4）of events, real or imagined 方案5)with more than one Tennessee’这句话的意思the area of rain forest burned in one year is bigger than the state of Tennessee.垃圾填埋地7)from the burning of biomass and from a variety of other human activities :生物量；用作燃料的植物或动a region in which active military operations are in泄漏10）depllyment by one side or the other of some ultimate weapon: furthest or highest in degree or order; utmost or extreme终极的第四课外婆的日用家当：bring face to 7.black pumps to match a green suit : low-cut shoes without straps or ties浅口无带皮鞋用目光压倒:长了苔的牙齿抢拍，as in a churn，etc．(奶油)搅拌器第五课关于希特勒入侵苏联的讲话1、warning突袭2.they will in hordes : to gather together scattered things ,people,animals ,to herd together, collect together animals that are scattered. 积攒，使聚拢2011 ．or sth．with confidence 依靠，信赖，指望4. devoid of all theme and principle : a unifying idea that is a recurrent element in literary or artistic work;指导思想2012 5.all this fades away before the spectacle which is now unfolding :经将那一切冲得烟消云散了。
高级英语复习笔记
高级英语复习笔记第一单元“... times were tough, money was short, anxiety was rife and the pawnshop was a familiar destination for many families, including mine.”Paraphrase: ... life was hard. Everyone was short of money. They were caught up in endless worries. Many families often went to the pawnshop to pawn the things they had for a little money, and my family was no exception“Yet I could not have asked for more enterprising and optimistic pa rents”Paraphrase: However I had the most adaptable and optimistic parents in the world.“could turn his hand to almost anything”Paraphrase: was capable of doing almost anything“... my clothes were ironed to a knife-edge, and shoes po lished to a gleam ...”Explanation: Rhetorically, “to a knife-edge” and “to a gleam” are hyperboles meaning “(my clothes were ironed) to the degree that they look like a knife-edge” and “(my shoes were polished) until they gleamed.”“While Mum had scrimped and saved to obtai n most of the gear, I still didn’t have the prescribed blue blazer and hatband.”Paraphrase: Though Mum had tried to spend as little money as possible in order to buy most of the clothes required by the school, she still couldn’t affor d the blue blazer an d hatband. “Because of the war, rationing was in place and most schools had relaxed their attitude towards proper uniforms, knowing how hard it was to obtain clothes.”Paraphrase: Because of the war, the government implemented a system of limiting the amount of almost everything that each person was allowed to have, and most schools had subjected their students to less rigid dress codes, because they were fully aware that it was not easy for the students to get the proper clothes.“who ran the daily assembly”Paraphrase: who was responsible for the school daily assembly“made it her mission to ...”Paraphrase: assumed responsibility to ...“Despite my attempts at explaining why I couldn’t comply ...”Paraphrase: Even though I tried my best to explain why I was unable to meet the school’s clothing requirements...“battle back tears”Paraphrase: tried hard to hold back her tears“My punishment also extended to being barred from the gym team or to not taking part in the weekly ballroom dan cing classes, which I adored.”Paraphrase: My punishment did not end there. I was not allowed to join the gym team or to attend the weekly ballroom dancing classes, which I loved very much.“However, in my 12-year-old mind I had no choice but to see the punishment through.” Pa raphrase: However, I was only a 12-year-old girl. I thought I had no alternative but to go through the punishment.“speak up for me”Paraphrase: express her opinion publicly for me“... he would have instantly been on the warpath in mydefence.”Paraphrase: ... he would have got very angry and wanted to fight immediately in order to protectme.“I was beside myself with excitement: my imagination fuelled by glamorous shots of the popular Hollywood temptresses.”Paraphrase: I was extremely excited when I imagined myself in attractive pictures like those of popular actresses in Hollywood.“She had no hint of the torment I faced.”Paraphrase: She had no idea at all what kind of suffering I had to endure in the school. “Heavy-hearted, I dragged myself to school ...”Paraphrase: I walked slowly and unwillingly to school with a very sad feeling ...“an emerald green target in a sea of blue”Paraphrase: my green dress making me even more conspicuous among the blue school uniforms “of my own accord”Paraphrase: without being asked or forced“Tears of frustration threatened to break free ...”Paraphrase:I could hardly hold back my tears because of frustration...“... I wondered for the umpteenth time why the unfeeling teacher couldn’t look past my clothes for once ...”Paraphrase: ... I wondered, as I had many, many times before, why the unsympathetic teacher couldn’t overlook my clothes for once...“I consoled myself that I could at least lose myself in Charles Dickens’ A Tale of Two Cities for a while at the back of t he classto recover and regain my composure.”Paraphrase: I cheered myself up by thinking that I could at least escape from the everyday reality into the fantasy world of A Tale of Two Cities created by Charles Dickens for a while at the back of the class to calm myself down and to get back my self-control.“... I had always tried my harde st not to show how miserable I was at being singled out time after time.”Paraphrase: ... I had always tried my best to hide my misery when I was picked out by the teachers as a target of criticism and humiliation again and again.“And then she came out with the most welcome sentence I had ever heard at that mean-spirited place.”Paraphrase: And then suddenly she uttered the most agreeable sentence I had ever heard at that cruel school.“I am only sorry that I shall have the pleasure of looking at you for just one lesson and not the entire day.”Paraphrase: I only regret that I can enjoy looking at you for just one lesson and not the whole day.“The block of ice that was my young heart thawed instantly ...”Paraphrase: My young heart was filled with warmth immediately...“... English Literature was her forte ...”Paraphrase: ... she was good at English Literature...第三单元“Of course, there are many books that we all have to r ead, either t o pass examinations or to acquire information, from which it is impossible to extract enjoyment.”Paraphrase: Of course there are many books that are notinteresting at all. In spite of that, westill have to read them because they can help us pass examinations or provide us with necessary information.“enable us to get through them without tedium”Paraphrase: enable us to finish our reading without getting bored“Such books we read with resignation rather than with alacrity.”Paraphrase:We read such books because we have to, not because we love to.“That, however, they cannot do unless you enjoy reading them.”Paraphrase: However, they cannot do that unless you enjoy reading them.“I wish to deal only with the masterpieces which the consensus of opini on for a long time has accepted as supreme.”Paraphrase: I wish to deal only with the books that have been accepted by everyone as great works.“to which the historians of literature devote considerable space”Paraphrase: on which scholars of the history of literature write a lot of critical papers and comments on them“They are important to the students, but changing times and changing tastes have robbed them of their savour and it is hard to read them now without an effort of will.”Paraphrase: Those books are good ones and they are important to the students, but with the changing of times, people’s attitudes and tastes towards these types of books also changed. So now students may not like them very much and they need to make a great effort to rea d them. “put my hand on my heart”Paraphrase: Putting one’s hand on one’s heart is a sign of being honest and sincere, and is often used together with a verbal oath or solemn claim.“Now of such books as this I mean to say nothing.”Paraphrase: The norm al sentence order should be: “Now I mean to say nothing of such books as this.”“Whatever the learned say about a book, however unanimous they are in their praise of it, unless it interests you, it is no business of yours.”Paraphrase: Even though many sc holars highly praise a book, you don’t have to read it at all if you don’t find it interesting.“Don’t forget that critics often make mistakes —the history of criticism is full of the blunders the most eminent of them have made, and you who read are the final judge of the value to you of the book you are reading.”Paraphrase: Even the most famous critics make a lot of mistakes about books, as has been proved throughout the history of criticism. In the final analysis, only you, the reader, are in a position to make judgments about how valuable a book is to you.“... they will be of no service to you ...”Paraphrase:... they will not be helpful to you …“... but its consequences may be such that the sensible person eschews certain varieties of it.”Paraphrase: ... but the consequences of some kinds of pleasure would make the sensible person try to avoid them.“They are wise in their generation who have discovered that intellectual pleasure is the most satisfying and the most enduring.”Paraphrase: Those people who have discovered that intellectual pleasure is the most satisfyingand the most enduring are wise people in their generation.“... I would not go so far as to pretend that to read a book will assuage the pangs of hunger or still the pain of unrequite d love ...”Paraphrase: ... I don’t want to pretend that reading a book can ease one’s hunger or kill the pain of unreturned love ...“... to snap his fingers at the worst cold in the head.”Paraphrase: This means the reader is so absorbed in good detective stories that he/she pays no attention to the fact that he/she is ill.“It sets me off for the day.”Paraphrase: It gets me prepared for the work of the day.“Later on, when my work is done and I feel at ease, but not inclined for mental exercise of a strenuous character, I read history, essays, criticism or biography; and in the evening I read a novel.”Paraphrase: Later on, when I finish my work, and I feel relaxed, and don’t want to beat my brains, I usually read history, essays, criticism or biography, and in the evening I read a novel.“one of those books ... which you can dip into at any place.”Paraphrase: one of those books ... of which you can read a couple of pages or a few lines at any place“be bothered with the moral dissertations.”Paraphrase: be tired with long pieces of writing on moral issues“... I have not done it justice ...”Paraphrase: ... I have not read the book thoroughly in the way I should have ... In other words, it deserves a more thorough reading.“... when once I begin to skip, I cannot stop, and end thebook dissatisfied with myself because I am aware I have not done it justice, and then I am apt to think that I might just well never have read it at all.”Paraphrase: ... once I begin to skip while reading a book, I cannot stop and I will end up skipping most parts of the book. So after I finish reading the book, I always feel guilty because I think I have not paid the book the serious attention that it deserves. Then I would wish I had never read it at all.第五单元“In grave discussions of “the renaissance of the irrational” in our time, superstition does not figure largely as a serious challenge to reason or science.”Paraphrase：In serious discussions of “the renaissance of the irrational” in our time, people don’t think that superstition is a great threat to reason or science.“an unacknowledged hold on so many of us”Paraphrase：unrecognized influence over so many of us“... I see superstition in its four manifestations, alive and flourishing among people who are indisputably rational and learned.”Paraphrase：... I see four ways in which superstition shows itself, very actively, among those people who are undoubtedly reasonable and well-educated.... when I asked him why, he replied, with a wink, that it was “to hit the Devil in the eye.”Paraphrase：... when I asked him why he threw salt over his shoulder, he answered, jokingly, that it was “to hit the Devil in the eye.”“There are thousands of people on this continent who appeal to the I Ching, and their general level of education seems to absolve them of superstition.”Paraphrase：There are thousands of people on this continent who are fascinated by the I Ching, and their level of education seems high enough to free them from superstition.“... he did not think he was pricing God cheap ...”Paraphrase：... he didn’t feel that offering God two dollars for help was too little ... “Investigation revealed that an engineering student, worried about a girl, thought that bribery of the Deity might help.”Paraphrase：Investigation disclosed that a student majoring in engineering, worried about a girl, thought God might help him if he could offer Him money.“Most people keep their terror within bounds, but they cannot root it out, nor do they seem to want to do so.”Paraphrase：Most people can control their terror, but they cannot get rid of it, and they don’t seem to want to do so.“It may persist even among the greatly learned and devout ...”Paraphrase：Even many greatly learned and devout people may also be superstitious ... “Many superstiti ons are so widespread and so old that they must have risen from a depth of the human mind t hat is indifferent to race or creed.”Paraphrase：Many superstitions are so common and so old that they must have been deeply rooted in the human mind. They have nothing to do with race or religious belief.i... that far antedates the religions ...Paraphrase：... that has a much longer history than the religions ...“...the fashion magazines count them among their most popular features.” Paraphrase：... astrology columns are considered one of the highlights of the fashion magazines.“When has the heart of man given a damn for science?”Paraphrase：The heart of man has never cared about science at all.“Superstition in general is linked to man’s yearning to know his fate, and to have some hand in deciding it.”Paraphrase：Generally speaking, superst ition is connected to man’s desire to know his fate, and to find some way to control it.y“I am not one to stand aloof from the rest of humanity in this matter ...”Paraphrase：As far as superstition is concerned, I am not much different from others ... “Now, I am humbler.”Paraphrase：Now I am no longer so proud. / Now I am not so sure that it was simply a joke.第八单元“when to hold fast and when to let go”Paraphrase: when to grasp something in your hand firmly and when to release it“For life is a paradox: it enjoins us to cling to its many gifts even while it ordains their eventual relinquishment.”Paraphrase: For life is a paradox: On one side, it encourages us to hold on to all those beautiful things it can offer us, on the other side, it commands us to let all of them go in the end. “Surely we ought to hold fast to life, for it is wondrous, and full of a be auty that breaks through every pore of the earth.”Paraphrase: We must value every day we live, for it is surprisingly good, and from every little holeon the earth something beautiful springs up.“We remember a beauty that faded, a love that waned.”Paraphrase: We’ll always remember a beauty that dimmedor a love that diminished.“The required machines were located in a building at the opposite end of the hospital, so I had to be wheeled across the courtyard on a gurney.”Paraphrase: I was pushed across the courtyard on a gurney to the other side of the hospital where the necessary equipment was, in order to take some tests.“... the sunlight hit me.”Paraphrase: ... the sunlight suddenly shone upon me with force.“That’s all there was to my experience.”Paraphrase: That is the only thing I experienced at that moment — the sunlight.“Then I remembered how often I, too, had been indifferent to the grandeur of each day, too preoccupied with petty and sometimes even mean concerns to respond to the splendor of it all.”Paraphrase:Then I remembered how often I, too, had ignored the magnificence of each day, since I was too busy with insignificant and even unpleasant things.“The insight gleaned from that experience is really as commonplace as was t he experience itself: life’s gifts are precious —but we are too heedless of them.”Paraphrase: What we have learned from that experience is, in fact, nothing unusual: Life is full of wonderful experiences, but we seldom give them the attention they deserve.“Never be too busy for the wonder and the awe of life.”Paraphrase: We should always manage to squeeze some time out of our daily routine to show respect to the marvels and wonders of life.“Hold fast to life ... but not so fast that you cannot let go.”Paraphrase: Cherish every day we live ... but when it is time to give things up, we should be able to do so.“But then life moves along to confront us with realities, and slowly but surely this second truth dawns upon us.”Paraphrase: But then life goes on and we have to face realities. Little by little, we are sure to become aware of the second truth.“At every stage of life we sustain losses —and grow in the process.”Paraphrase: At every stage of life we suffer losses — and we mature in the process.“... when we emerge from the womb and lose its protective shelter.”Paraphrase: ... when we are born and lose the protection of our mother’s womb.“enter a progression of schools”Paraphrase: enter schools one after another in a progressive way (from kindergarten to college) “... as the parable of the open and closed hand suggests ...”Paraphrase: Here the author refers to the saying of the rabbis in ancient times mentioned in “But why should we be reconciled to life’s contradictory demands?”Paraphrase: But why should we be prepared to accept life’s paradoxical demands?“In order to res olve this paradox, we must seek a wider perspective, viewing our lives as through windows that open on eternity.”Paraphrase: In order to get to the bottom of this paradox, we must try to see further and wider. Then we’ll be able to realizethat human life is something that can last for ever.“The institutions we build endure, and we will endure through them.”Paraphrase: The social systems and customs we create will continue to exist, and thus our influence also.“Our flesh may perish, our hands will withe r, but that which they create in beauty and goodness and truth lives on for all time to come.”Paraphrase: Our body may die, our hands will become dry and decay, but the beauty, the goodness, and the truth that they have created will continue to exist for eternity.“Pursue not so much the material as the ideal, for ideals alone invest life with meaning and ar e of enduring worth.”Paraphrase: Do not put too much value on the material, because only ideals can add meaning to life and be of lasting value.“Add justice to the far-flung round of human endeavor and you have civilization”Paraphrase: We will have civilization, if we add justice to our continuous efforts far and wide. “... you have a future lighted with the radiant colors of hope.”Paraphrase: ... you have a bright future full of hope.第十一单元“blast it”Paraphrase: a curse, a little milder than “damn it.”“Still, it is the first property that I have owned, so it is right that other people should participate in my shame ...”Paraphrase: In spite of everything, it is the first estate that I have ever possessed, so it is right that other people should share awareness of my shame...“in accents that will vary in horror”Paraphrase: in tones that will differ to reflect the degree of horror felt“What is the effect of property upon the character?”Paraphrase: How does the possession of property affect one’s personality?“In the first place, it makes me feel heavy.”Paraphrase: First of all, it is a kind of burden on me.“being woven into the robe of God”Paraphrase: being accepted and protected by God“... the ascent of a fourteen-stone bishop into a pulpit is thus the exact antithesis of the coming of the Son of Man.”Paraphrase: ... a very fat bishop climbing with difficulty into his platform to give his sermon, and Jesus Christ coming down so gracefully from heaven, are two pictures in striking contrast.“On coming nearer, I saw it was not a man who had trodden on the twig and snapped it, but a bird, and I felt pleased.”Paraphrase: When I came nearer, I saw it was not a man who had walked on the twig and broken it, but a bird, and I was delighted.“Something seemed grossly amiss here ...”Paraphrase: Something seemed completely wrong here...“I could not suppose that my wood was the destined nucleus of un iversal dominion ...”Paraphrase: I didn’t think that my wood was meant to be the center of universal power and control ...“They spring from a foolish desire to express myself and from an inability to enjoy what I havegot.”Paraphrase: These impulses are the result of a foolish desire to express myself and of a failure to enjoy what I have got.“Creation, property, enjoyment form a sinister trinity in the human mind.”Paraphrase: Creation, property, enjoyment form a vicious union in the human mind.“Yet we don’t know how to shun it.”Paraphrase: But we don’t know how to avoid it.“... they are still entangled with the desire for ownership ...”Paraphrase: .. they are still mixed with the desire for ownership ...“Possession is one with loss.”Paraphrase: Possession is accompanied by loss. When one possesses something he desires, one loses something else at the same time.There is a wood near Lyme Regis, also cursed by a public footpath ...Paraphrase: There is a wood near Lyme Regis, which is also undesirably traversed by a public footpath ...“He had built high stone walls on each side of the path, and has spanned it by bridges, so that the public circulate like termites while he gorges on the blackberries unse en.” Paraphrase: He had built high stone walls on each side of the path, and also built bridges between the two sides, so that while other people are walking under the bridges like white ants, he can enjoy his blackberries alone without being seen.“And perhaps I shall come to this in time.”Paraphrase: And perhaps I shall eventually behave just like that.第一单元1). The office was rife with rumors.2). Ann rationed out the cake between the children.3). The arrangements are all in place for the concert next Thursday.4). There are serious penalties for failure to comply with the regulations.5). The course would take me three years to complete, but I was determined to see it through.6). She has often spoken up for the rights of working mothers.7). If there was one thing she couldn’t face in the morning it was her mother on the warpath.8). He was beside himself with grief when she died.9). Don’t drag me into your argument! It has nothing to do with me.10). I spent the whole weekend trudging through this report, and I still haven’t finished reading it.11). She came of her own accord. No one asked her to come.12). It’s not fair the way my sister is always singled out for special treatment.1).这家公司是由几名有事业心的年轻人创立的。
(自考专升本资料)《高级英语》复习笔记3
高级英语复习笔记及讲解3Lesson Four1.dodge ： avoid , evade or elude 逃避.如；He was accused of dodging his taxes .他被指控逃税.You shouldn 't dodge your responsibilities. 你不能回避责认.move aside suddenly 突然闪开.如：I dodged out of the way when he threw a chair at me . 他将椅子向我扔来的时候,我急忙闪开.2.condemn： express an unfavorable judgement or opinion of 谴责.如：We condemned empty talk instead of hard work.我们谴责只说空话不务实的行为.3.to come to light ： to be discovered or revealed 暴露.如；On investigation some new facts came to light . 一经调查，一些新的事实就被暴露了.It has now come to light that he was financially backed by some interest group.人们刚刚得知，他受到了某个利益集团的经济支持.nguish ：1) become feeble ;droop ; lose liveliness orthe will to do things 凋萎，有气无力.如；languish from the heat /in prison/ in his dull job 由于天气炎热/坐牢/工作乏味而萎靡不振.2)suffer from a feeling of longing 苦思.如；languish for some kind words/her love 苦苦期盼一些抚慰的话语/ 她的爱.5.moral ： the moral teaching or practical lesson continued ina fable , tale , experience,etc.寓意.如；There is a moral to the story .这个故事有个寓意.arre ： unusual in appearance, style , or characters 夕卜貌,风格或性格怪异.如；a bizarre coincidence——次奇，怪的巧合;his bizrre behavior 他，怪异的行为.7.at her own request根据她本人的要求.另如：He wrote this book at the request of his 写了他根据……的要求那本书._vote on ：就进行表决.如：Let 's vote on this issue , since we can' t agree . 既然我们不能达成一致意见,就来投票表决吧.8.inprivate ： not publicly , secretly 私下.如：Such a thing is best discussed in private . 这种事情最好私卜讨论.He can be very rube in private, though he is usually polite in public .他私下可能很粗鲁，但在群众面前通常彬彬有礼.9.taboo adj.忌讳的，禁止的.如：This topic is taboo on the campus .校园里忌讳讨论这个话题.10.A. prolong ： cause sth. to continue longer 延长.如：I have to prolong my stay here for another three days . 我必须继续在这里呆三天时间.You should not have prolonged the ceremony . 你本不该延长仪式的时间.B. throes ： agony 痛苦.如；in death throes处于临终痛苦.11.h old out ： continue to last 坚持，挺住.如：Can you hold out much longer ?你能再坚持一段时间吗?12.a dminister to apple as a remedy 施用.如：administer laws执彳亍法律.The doctor administered some me medicine to the girl . 医生给女孩施用了一些药.ply with ： act in accordance with wishes , requirements or conditions 遵守（意愿，要求或条件等）.如；You ought to comply with the rules /the demands/ the 1aw/ the requests.你应该遵守规章/命令/法律/要求.14.p ose danger 造成危险.pose ： cause sth. to exist 导致产生.另如：pose problems 引起问题.15.b y contrast 相比之下.By contrast , his brother is quite easygoing . 相比之下，他的兄弟比拟好相处.16.u sher in ： herald 预报，宣告.如；usher in a new age of prosperity宣告新的繁荣时期的到来.The rising sun ushered in a new day . 太阳的升起宣告新的——天开始了.The cuckoo ushered in Spring.布谷鸟宣布春天到来.。
高级英语学习者英语下册知识点整理
高级英语学习者英语下册知识点整理
本文档将整理高级英语研究者在英语下册中的重要知识点。
以下是各个部分的知识点概述：
1. 语法
1.1 时态
- 过去完成时
- 过去完成进行时
- 未来完成时
1.2 语态
- 被动语态的使用和构成
- 不同时态的被动语态
1.3 条件句
- 条件状语从句的几种类型
- 含蓄条件句
2. 词汇
2.1 词根与词缀
- 前缀和后缀的使用
- 表示数量、时间和状态的词根
2.2 动词短语
- 动词短语的不同形式和使用方法- 表示结果、原因和方式的动词短语
2.3 名词短语
- 名词短语的用法和修饰
- 不同类型的名词短语
3. 阅读理解
3.1 推理题
- 推理题的解答方法和技巧
- 寻找线索和信息的关键点
3.2 主旨题
- 如何确定文章的主旨和中心思想- 文章段落的组织结构和主题
3.3 词义题
- 通过上下文推断词义
- 判断词义的方法和技巧
4. 写作技巧
4.1 论证写作
- 如何进行有效的论证和辩证
- 合理运用证据和例子来支持论点
4.2 描述写作
- 描述事件、人物和场景的技巧- 运用形象化的语言来增强描述
4.3 议论文写作
- 搭建清晰的议论结构
- 运用正确的语言风格和逻辑
以上是高级英语学习者在英语下册中的重要知识点。
希望这份整理对您的学习有所帮助。
2022年大学生高级英语复习笔记免费奉献版
高级英语复习笔记及讲解9Lesson TenThe Tenth Man1. making his first entry …… 第一次进入。
另如：make a triumpohant entry 凯旋进入；have free entry 可以自由进入。
2. abrupt ： subben or unexpected 忽然。
如：an abrupt departure 忽然离开。
3. sullen ： showing irritation or anger by a gloomy silence 愠怒旳。
4. indifferent ： without interest or concern 漠不关怀，不在意。
如： He seems indifferent to worldly success . 他似乎不在意名利。
5. draw or cast lots ： to settle a question by the use of lots 抽签。
6. be bound to do sth.bound ： certain ， sure 肯定。
如：We are bound to secceed . 我们肯定会成功。
7. refasten ： re + fastenfasten ： to attach firmly or securely in place or to something else 系牢，牢牢固定，绑住。
如：Please fasten your seat belt . 请系牢你旳安全带。
fasten a boat to the quay 把船系于码头。
8. may as well ： used to express an opinion about a reason for doing or not doing the action of the given verb 还是做……旳好；不妨……如：If that‘s the case ， you may as well have a try .假如状况果真如此，你不妨试试看。
高英（高级英语）复习笔记及讲解3
Lesson Three 1. startle ： to disturb suddenly as surprise惊吓。
如：starling news/s startling discovery （disturbing，frightening ）令⼈震惊的新闻/ 发现He startled us when he slammmed the door so loudly. 他砰的⼀声把门关上，让我们⼤吃⼀惊。
The noise startled me out of my sleep.喧哗之声把我从梦中惊醒。
2.a. motion ： to make a motion or gesture， as with the hand （⽤⼿等）作⽰意。
如：He motioned me to sit down. 他向我作了个⼿势，让我坐下。
b. look over： examine， esp . briefly检查。
如：I will look over your paper soon .我会很快看⼀下你的论⽂。
We looked over several new models before deciding.我们看过了⼏种新的模型之后才做了决定。
He asked my age ， height ， weihgt and marriage status ， and then looked me over。
他询问了我的年龄，⾝⾼，体重和婚姻状况，然后打量了⼀番。
3. eye sb. up and down上下仔细打量。
如：They eyed the stanger up and down . 他们对那陌⽣⼈仔细上下打量了⼀番。
4. be up to sb. to do sth.： be one‘s responsbility to do sth.由……负责做……。
如：It‘s up to you to break the news to him . 应该由你向他透露这条消息。
自考00600《高级英语》背熟重点
Lesson 1: Rock Superstars: What Do They Tell Us About Ourselves and Our Society?How do you feel about all this adulation and hero worship? When Mick Jagger’s fans look at him as a high priest or a god, are you with them or against them? Do you share Chris Singer’s almost religious reverence for Bob Dylan? Do you think he – or Dylan – is misguided? Do you reject Alice Cooper as sick? Or are you drawn somehow to this strange clown, perhaps because he acts out your wildest fantasies?Lesson 2: Four Choices for Young PeopleThe trouble with this solution is that it no longer is practical on a large scale. Our planet, unfortunately, is running out of noble savages and unsullied landscaped; except for the polar regions, the frontiers are gone. A few gentleman farmers with plenty of money can still escape to the bucolic life – but in general the stream of migration is flowing the other way.Lesson 4: Die as You ChooseIn January the Journal of the American Medical Association published a bizarre letter, in which an anonymous doctor claimed to have killed a 20-year-old cancer patient at her own request. This started a debate that will rumble on into the autumn, when Californians may vote on a proposed law legalizing euthanasia. The letter was probably written for polemical impact. It is scarcely credible. It’s author claims that he met the cancer patient for the first time, heard five words from her – “Let’s get this over with” – then killer her. Even the most extreme proponents of euthanasia do not support such an action in those circumstances.Lesson 5: I’d Rather Be Black than FemaleIt is still women – about three million volunteers – who do most of this work in the American political world. The best any of them can hope for is the honor of being district or county vice-chairman, a kind of separate-but-equal position with which a woman is rewarded for years of faithful envelope stuffing and card-party organizing. I n such a job, she gets a number of free trips to state and sometimes national meetings and conventions, where her role is supposed to be to vote the way her male chairman votes.Lesson 6: A Good Chancethe back door which hung open, we saw people standing in the kitchen. I asked carefully, “What’s wrong?”Nobody spoke but Elgie came over, his bloodshot eyes filled with sorrow and misery. He stood in front of us for a moment and then gestured us to go into the living room. The room was filled with people sitting in silence, and finally Elgie said, quietly, “They shot him.”Lesson 7: Miss BrillAlthough it was so brilliantly fine – the blue sky powdered with gold and the great spots of light like white wine splashed over the Jardins Publiques – Miss Brill was glad that she had decided on her fur. The air was motionless, but when you opened your mouth there was just a faint chill, like a chill from a glass of iced water before you sip, and now and again a leaf came drifting – from nowhere, from they sky. Miss Brill put up her hand and touched her fur. Dear little thing! I t was nice to feel it again. She had taken it out of its box tat afternoon, shaken out the moth-powder, given it a good brush, and rubbed the life back into the dim little eyes. “What has been happening to me?” said the sad little eyes. Oh, how sweet it was to see them snap at her again from the red eiderdown! …But the nose, which was of some black composition, wasn’t at all firm. It must have had a knock, somehow. Never mind – a little dab of black sealing-wax when the time came – when it was absolutely necessary. … Little rogue! Yes, she really felt like that about it. Little rogue biting its tail just by her left ear. She could have taken it off and laid it on her lap and stroked it. She felt a tingling in her hands and arms. But that came from walking, she supposed. And when she breathed, something light and sad – no, not sad, exactly – something gentle seemed to move in her bosom.Lesson 8: A Lesson in Living"It was the best of times and the worst of times. . ." Her voice slid in and curved down through and over the words. She was nearly singing. I wanted to look at the pages. Were they the same that I had read? Or were there notes, music, lined on the pages, as in a hymn book? Her sounds began cascading gently. I knew from listening; to a thousand preachers that she was nearing the end of her reading, and I hadn't really heard, heard to understand, a single word.I have tried often to search behind the sophistication of years for the enchantment I so easilyI said aloud, "It is a far, far better thing that I do, than I have ever done…" tears of love filled my eyes at my selflessness.Lesson 9: The Trouble with TelevisionEverything about this nation—the structure of the society, its forms of family organization, its economy, its place in the world— has become more complex, not less. Yet its dominating communications instrument, its principal form of national linkage, is one that sells neat resolutions to human problems that usually have no neat resolutions. It is all symbolized in my mind by the hugely successful art form that television has made central to the culture, the 30-second commercial: the tiny drama of the earnest housewife who finds happiness in choosing the right toothpaste.When before in human history has so much humanity collectively surrendered so much of its leisure to one toy, one mass diversion? When before has virtually an entire nation surrendered itself wholesale to a medium for selling?Lesson 11: On Getting Off to SleepWhat a bundle of contradictions is a man! Surety, humour is the saving grace of us, for without it we should die of vexation. With me, nothing illustrates the contrariness of things better than the matter of sleep. If, for example, my intention is to write an essay, and 1 have before me ink and pens and several sheets of virgin paper, you may depend upon it that before I have gone very far I feel an overpowering desire for sleep, no matter what time of the day it is. I stare at the reproachfully blank paper until sights and sounds become dim and confused, and it is only by an effort of will that I can continue at all. Even then, I proceed half-heartedly, in a kind of dream. But let me be between the sheets at a late hour, and I can do anything but sleep. Between chime and chime of the clock I can write essays by the score. Fascinating subjects and noble ideas come pell-mell, each with its appropriate imagery and expression. Nothing stands between me and half-a-dozen imperishable masterpieces but pens, ink, and paper.Lesson 12: Why I Writeof good prose or the rhythm of a good story. Desire to share an experience whichvaluable and ought not to be missed…Lesson 14: I Would Like to Tell You SomethingThe investigation was not staged so that veterans could spill out their hearts or purge their souls; it was done to prove that the policy of the United States in Indochina is tantamount to genocide, and that not only the soldiers are responsible for what is happening, but that everyone here in America who has allowed the brutalization and de-personalization to go on is responsible. It was done also to show that you don't start making things right by prosecuting William Galley, no matter how guilty he may be; you also prosecute the men who encouraged the situation. It was done to show that there is not just one Mylai but countless Mylais and they are continuing every single day. There was an almost total press blackout on the testimony of those veterans.Lesson 15: The Beauty IndustryWomen, it is obvious, are freer than in the past. Freer not only to perform the generally unenviable social functions hitherto reserved to the male, but also freer to exercise the more pleasing, feminine privilege of being attractive. They have the right, if not to be less virtuous than their grandmothers, at any rate to look less virtuous. The British Matron, not long since a creature of austere and even terrifying aspect, now does her best to achieve and perennially preserve the appearance of what her predecessor would have described as a Lost Woman. She often succeeds. But we are not shocked—at any rate, not morally shocked. Aesthetically shocked—yes; we may sometimes be that. But morally, no. We concede that the Matron is morally justified in being preoccupied with her personal appearance. This concession depends on another of a more general nature—a concession to the Body, with a large B, to the Manichaean principle of evil. For we have now come to admit that the body has its rights. And not only rights—duties, actually duties. It has, for example, a duty to do the best it can for itself in the way of strength and beauty. Christian-ascetic ideas no longer trouble us. We demand justice for the body as well as for the soul. Hence, among other things, the fortunes made by face-cream manufacturers and beauty-specialists, by the vendors of rubber reducing belts and massage machines, by the patentees of hair-lotions and the authors of books on the culture of the abdomen.下册Lesson One The Company in Which I workOn days when I ‘m especially melancholy , I began constructing tables of organization….classifying people in the company on the basis of envy , hope , fear , ambition , frustration, rivalry , hatred , or disappointment . I call these charts my Happiness Charts . These exercises in malice never fail to boost my spirits ----but only for a while . I rank pretty high when the company is analyzed this way , because I ‘m not envious or disappointed , and I have no expectations . At the very top , of course , are those people , mostly young and without dependents , to whom the company is not yet an institution of any sacred merit but still only a place to work , and who regard their present association with it as something temporary . I put these people at the top because if you asked any one of them if he would choose to spend the rest of his life working for the company , he would give you a resounding No ! , regardless of what inducements were offered . I was that high once . if you asked me that same question today, I would also give you a resounding No ! and add:Lesson Two EvelineBut in her new home , in a distant unknown country , it would not be like that . Then she would be married ---she , Eveline . People would treat her with respect then . She would not be treated as her mother had been . Even now , though she was over nineteen , she sometimes felt herself in danger of her father’s violence . She knew it was that that had given her the palpitations . When they were growing up he had never gone for her , like he used to go for Harry and Ernest , because she was a girl ; but latterly he had begun to threaten her and say what he would do to her only for her dead mother’s sake . And now she had nobody to protect her , Ernest was dead and Harry ,who was in the church decorating business , was nearly always down somewhere in the country . Besides , the invariable squabble for money on Saturday nights had begun to weary her unspeakably . She always gave her entire wages ----seven shillings ----and Harry always sent up what he could , but the trouble was to get any money from her father . He said she used to squander the money , that she had no head , that he wasn’t going to give her his hard-earned money to throw about the streets ,elbowed her way through the crowds and returning home late under her load of provisions . She had hard work to keep the house together and to see that the two young children who had been left to her charge went to school regularly and got their meals regularly . It was hard work ----a hard life ----but now that she was about to leave it she did not find it a wholly undesirable life .She stood among the swaying crowd in the station at the North Wall .He held her hand and she knew that he was speaking to her , saying something about the passage over and over again . The station was full of soldiers with brown baggages . Through the wide doors of the sheds she caught a glimpse of the black mass of the boat , lying in beside the quay wall , with illumined portholes . She answered nothing . She felt her cheek pale and cold and , out of a maze of distress , she prayed to God to direct her , to show her what was her duty . The boat blew a long mournful whistle into the mist . If she went , tomorrow she would be on the sea with Frank , steaming towards Buenos Ayres . Their passage had been booked . Could she still draw back after all he had done for her ? Her distress awoke a nausea in her body and she kept moving her lips in silent fervent prayer .Lesson Three What’s Wrong With Our Press ?The fact is that although network television still allots too little time to the vital service of informing the public , it does a better job in that little time than the nation’s press as a whole . And when I speak of the nation’s press as a whole , I am not speaking of the five or six splendid newspapers ----and the one great newspaper -----which serve the world as models of responsible public information . I am speaking of the local press which in hundreds of American communities is the only news available , aside from those recitals of ticker tape that pass for radio news .Fortunately for the American public , television does not tolerate the kind of distortion of fact , the kind of partisan virulence and personal peeve , that many newspapers not only welcome but encourage . In its entertainment , television caters far too much to the lowest instincts of man , particularly the lust for violence . But there is one appetite it does not feed and which the partisan newspapers of the nation do : the appetite for hate ---hate of whatever is different . I do not find on televison the kind of editorials chronic in the New York tabloids as well as in many local papers across the country .that elevates news above dogfood . it is easier to write editorial copy that appeal to emotion rather than reason .Lesson Four The Tragedy of Old Age in AmericaWhat can we possibly conclude from these discrepant points of view ? Our popular attitudes could be summed up as a combination of wishful thinking and stark terror . We base our feelings on primitive fears , prejudice and stereotypes rather than on knowledge and insight . In reality , the way one experiences old age is contingent upon physical health , personality , earlier-life experiences , the actual circumstances of late –life events ( in what order they occur , how they occur , when they occur ) and the social supports one receives : adequate finances , shelter, medical care , social roles , religious support , recreation . All of these are crucial and interconnected elements which together determine the quality of late life .Lesson Seven Ace in the HoleNo sooner did his car touch the boulevard heading home than Ace flicked on the radio . He needed the radio , especially today . In the seconds before the tubes warmed up , he said aloud , doing it just to hear a human voice , “ Jesus . She ‘ll pop her lid . “ His voice , though familiar , irked him ; it sounded thin and scratchy . In a deeper register Ace added , “ She’ll murder me . “ Then the radio came on , warm and strong , so he stopped worrying . The five Kings were doing “ Blueberry Hill “ ; to hear them made Ace feel so sure inside that from the pack pinched between the car roof and the sun shield he plucked a cigarette , hung it on his lower lip , snapped a match across the rusty place on the dash . He rolled down the window and snapped the match so it spun end-over-end into the gutter . “ Two points , “ he said , and cocked the cigarette toward the roof of the car , sucked powerfully , and exhaled two plumes through his nostrils . He was beginning to feel like himself , Ace Anderson , for the first time that whole day , a bad day . He beat time on the accelerator . The car jerked crazily .The run must have tuned Bonnie up . When they got back home , as soon as he lowered her into the crib , she began to shout and wave her arms . He didn’t want to play with her . He tossed some blocks and rattle into the crib an walked into the bathroom , where he turned on the hot water andwent bald first . He remembered reading somewhere , though , that baldness shows virility .Lesson Eight Science Has Spoiled My SupperEconomics entered . It is possible to turn out in quantity a bland , impersonal , practically imperishable substance more or less resembling , say cheese ---at lower cost than cheese . Chain groceries shut out the independent stores and “ standardization “ became a principal means of cutting cost .Lesson Ten How Market Leaders Keep Their EdgeThe third value discipline we have named customer intimacy . Its adherents focus on delivering not what the market wants but what specific customers want . Customer-intimate companies do not pursue one-time transactions ; they cultivate relationships . They specialize in satisfying unique needs , which often only they recognize , through a close relationship with ---and intimate knowledge of ----the customer . Their proposition to the customer: We have the best solution for you , and we provide all the support you need to achieve optimum results , or value , or both , from whatever products you buy . Long distance telephone carrier Cable& Wireless , , for example , practices customer intimacy with a vengeance , achieving success in a highly competitive market by consistently going the extra mile for its selectively chosen , small-business customers .Lesson Eleven On Human Nature and PoliticsBut great as is the influence of the motives we have been considering , there is one which outweighs them all... Power, like vanity, is insatiable. Nothing short of omnipotence could satisfy it completely. And as it is especially the vice of energetic men, the casual efficacy of love of power is out of all proportion to its frequency. It is, indeed, by far the strongest motive in the lives of important men. Love of power is greatly increased by the experience of power, and this applies to petty power as well as to that of potentates. In the happy days before 1914,when well-to-do ladies could acquire a host of servants, their pleasure in exercising power over the domestics steadily increased with age. Similarly, in any autocratic regime, the holders of power become increasingly tyrannical with experience of the delights that power can afford. Since power over human beings is shown inconsent. If you require a building permit, the petty official concerned will obviously get more pleasure from saying "No" than from saying "Yes". It is this sort of thing which makes the love of power such a dangerous motive . But it has other sides which are more desirable . The pursuit of knowledge is, I think, mainly actuated by love of power. And so are all advances in scientific technique. In politics, also, a reformer may have just as strong a love of power as a despot . It would be a complete mistake to decry love of power altogether as a motive. Whether you will be led by this motive to actions which are useful, or to actions which are pernicious, depends upon the social system, and upon your capacities.Lesson Twelve The Everlasting WitnessThe three were eating breakfast on the terrace, a thousand and one felicitous birds in the garden trees. In unsullied damp brown circles of soft earth the roses bloomed serenely against the pink Mexican wall. Marian's brother-in-law read the English page, as dedicated as a nice little boy reading the funnies, and Theresa, Marian's sister, chatted softly and merrily about their next week-end holiday. Theresa's bright smile had always been her mark and now, childless and with a husband beyond war age, and a life both ordered and gay, it looked as if that smile had justified itself.Lesson Thirteen Selected SnobberiesAll men are snobs about something. One is almost tempted to add : There is nothing about which men cannot feel snobbish. But this would doubtless be an exaggeration. There are certain disfiguring and mortal diseases about which there has probably never been any snobbery. I cannot imagine, for exam4ple, that there are any leprosy-snobs. More picturesque diseases, even when they are dangerous, and less dangerous diseases, particularly when they are the diseases of the rich, can be and very frequently are a source of snobbish self-importance. I have met several adolescent consumption-snobs , who thought that it would be romantic to fade away in the flower of youth , like Keats or Marie Bashkirtseff. Alas, the final stages of the consumptive fading are generally a good deal less romantic than these ingenuous young tubercle-snobs seem to imagine . To anyone who has actually witnessed these final stages, the complacent poeticizings of these adolescents must seem as exasperating as they are profoundly pathetic. In the case ofexasperation is not tempered by very much sympathy. People who possesssufficient wealth, not to mention sufficient health, to go travelling from spa to spa. from doctor to fashionable doctor, in search of cures from problematical diseases (which, in so far as they exist at all. probably have their source in overeating) cannot expect us to be .very lavish in our solicitude and pity.lesson fourteen Saturday Night and Sunday MorningHe sat by the canal fishing on a Sunday morning in spring, at an elbow where alders dipped over the water like old men on their last legs, pushed by young sturdy oaks from behind. He straightened his back, his fingers freeing nylon line from a speedily revolving reel. Around him lay knapsack and jacket, an empty catch-net, his bicycle, and two tins of worms dug from the plot of garden at home before setting out. Sun was breaking through clouds, releasing a smell of earth to heaven. Birds sang. A soundless and minuscular explosion of water caught his eye. He moved nearer the edge, stood up, and with a vigorous sweep of his arm, cast out the line.Lesson Fifteen Is America Falling Apart?During my year's stay in New Jersey I let my appetite flower into full Americanism except for one thing. I did not possess an automobile. This self-elected deprivation was a way into the nastier side of the consumer society. Where private ownership prevails, public amenities decay or are prevented from coming into being. The rundown rail services of America are something I try, vainly, to forget. The nightmare of filth, outside and in, that enfolds the trip from Springfield, Mass., to Grand Central Station would not be accepted in backward Europe. But far worse is the nightmare of travel in and around Los Angeles, where public transport does not exist and people are literally choking to death in their exhaust fumes . This is part of the price of individual ownership.Lesson sixteen Through the TunnelAs for Jerry, once he saw that his mother had gained her beach , he began the steep descent to the bay . From where he was, high up among red-brown rocks, it was a scoop of moving bluish green fringed with white. As he went lower, he saw that it spread among small promontories and inlets of rough, sharp rock, and the crisping, lapping surface showed stains of purple and darkerblue.。
高英（高级英语）复习笔记及讲解5
Lesson Eight A Lesson in Living 1.inedible： not fit to be eaten不可⾷的，不宜⾷⽤的2.swirl ：（ cause to ） move or flow at varying speeds ， with twise and turns 涡旋⽽动，使打旋。
如：A gust of wind swirled dust about the streets . 阵风吹起灰尘弥漫⼤街。
The snow was swirling in the air .雪花在空中盘旋。
3.…… that would have peeled like a plum if snagged . peel ： came off in stips or flakes剥落，脱⽪。
如：The wall-paper seems to be peeling off .墙纸看来要剥落了。
4.let alone ： without reference to ， or considering 更不必说。
如； He doesn‘t have money for food ， let alone amusements.他连吃饭的钱都没有，更甭说娱乐了。
5.incessant ： continual， often repeated ：不断的，不停的。
如：incessant chatter 喋喋不休；incessant rain连绵不断的⾬。
6.It would be safe to say that……可以这么说……。
如； It would be safe to say that you would get nowhere if you are so lazy .可以这么说，如果你这样懒惰，你将⼀事⽆成。
7.pick her way：慎⾏。
另如：pick one‘s words精选词语；pick flaws找碴；pick and steal⼩偷⼩摸；pick and choose挑三拣四。
英语自考本科高级英语笔记-上册-Lesson_Fourteen
Lesson Fourteen I would Like to Tell You Something Words and ExpressionsText Explanation1many of them highly decorated.many of them were awarded medals of high distinction because they had fought bravely in Vietnam.2with the full awareness of officers at all levels of commandOfficers of all ranks in the US army knew perfectly well what was being done in Vietnam.3spill out their hearts or purse their soulsExpress their deepest feelings, tell people about all the terrible things they had done in Vietnam, or relieve themselves of their guilty feelings, so that they could have peace of mind.4…you don't start making things right by prosecuting William CalleyYou can't change the situation inVietnam or what happened in the Vietnam War by just bringing William Calley to court and punishing him. That is to say, the US government was responsible for what had been done in Vietnam.5 a total press blackoutNo newspaper reported this investigation.6but said it would never get by his desk because the Army would rescind the magazine's accreditation to cover the war.If a newspaper or a magazine wanted to send reporters to Vietnam to report the war, they had to get the permission fromthe Army. Then they would have the right to report the war. If the reporter he talked to let this article leave his desk, which meant to be published, then the Army would take away the magazine's right to send reporters to Vietnam.7If you don't cover the war you don't sell magazines, and if you don't sell magazine then nothing happens because that's the American way.The American public depended heavily on the media for news. Here magazine is used to symbolize the entire media. If what really happened in the war could not be reported in the media, the American public would not be able to know about the real situation. Also, if that magazine was forbidden by the Army to report the war, then they would lose readers because they would not buy this magazine, and that's the American way of life.8 a large New York based firmA large firm having branches or offices in other cities or other parts of the world, with it's headquarters in New York.9we used to do that in World War II, Christ, what's new?We used to do the same kind of things during World War II, so what was happening in Vietnam was not new at all.10The message begins to sink in.It implies that at first the new soldiers didn't fully understand the message of the poster.When something begins to sink in, it means that it takes quite a while for the meaning to be fully understood.11done by remote controlIt means the killing done from planes and helicopters. American soldier did not have to kill the Laotians face to face.12the helicopter crews fill the same body bags as the ground troopsWhen the soldiers are killed, their bodies are put into body bags. Here the author means that the helicopter crews can be killed to, just like ground troops have been killed.13America has created a monster in the form of millions of fighting menMillions of soldiers returned from Vietnam angry about what the government had sent them to do, and their anger could turn into violent actions14the biggest nothing in historyHere it means the Vietnam War, which is the most meaningless war in history according to the author.15We are angry about the same things you are in terms of policy.As far as policy is concerned, we are angry about things that you are angry about.16 a sense of anger and betrayalFeeling angry and believing that the US government had betrayed them.17But for us, those boys in Vietnam whom the country is supposed to support, this is a terrible distortion from which we draw only the deepest revulsion.We had fought in Vietnam, therefore belonged to the group that Mr. Agnew called "best men". But for us, what Agnew had said was a distortion of facts which made us feel very much disgusted.18how many American bodies were provided to prove that point.How many American soldier had to die to prove that point.19receive little if any careIf they receive any care at all, it is very little. The meaning is negative.20…and he found himself doing to the Vietnamese exactly what had been done to his people and what he had been conditioned by America to applaud.…and he found himself doing to the Vietnamese the things that the white people in America had done to his people - the American Indians, and he also found himself doing the things that America had trained him to thing it was right to do.22all the goodness of his uniformAll the good quality fo the American army and all the glory it has ever won for the country.23… the policy of the United States in Indochina is tantamount to genocide.tantamount to: equal in effect to 等同于What the child says is tantamount to the command for her parents.24but said it would never get by his deskget by: leave, bypass 离开，通过The crowd moved aside to let the doctor get by.25But the press isn't the only party in this country that's guilty of this rampant insensitivity.be guilty of: having done wrong 有罪They were not sure whether he was guilty of stealing.26And so we're suddenly faced with a sickening situation in this country.be faced with: encounter 遇到，面临We are faced with new challenge now.27…who are almost exhausted from past indignities inflicted on them.inflict on: cause to suffer 使遭受The judge inflicted the death penalty on the murderer.The bad news inflicted a severe blow on him.28We're angry about the same things you are in terms of policyin terms of: mode of expression, according to 以某种说法来表达We should consider problems in terms of the people's interests.29…whom the country is supposed to supportbe supposed to: be expected to 应该The students are supposed to study hard.30It's a distortion because we in no way considered ourselveds the "best men" in this country in no way: not at all 一点也不In fact, he is in no way honest.31because those he called misfits were standing up for us in a way nobody else in this country dare to in a way: to a certain degree, in some aspects 在某方面，某种程度In a way middle school students are more difficult to teach than college students.32when we were ashamed of and hated what we were called on to do in Asia.call on: appeal to, invite, require 号召，要求I called on her to keep the secret for me.33We are paying homage to the dead in Arlington.pay homage to: express respect for 表示敬意Many students paid homage to the teachers on the graduation ceremongy.34The war is part and parcel of everything that we are trying to communicate to people of this country.part and parcel: an essential part of 主要部分Words and grammar should be part and parcel of English learning.Hanent整理。
高英（高级英语）复习笔记及讲解4
Lesson Five 1. I‘d rather …… than ： prefer …… to …… .如：I’d rather deal with a simple man than a sophisticated man . 我宁愿与纯朴的⼈打交道，不愿与世故的⼈交往。
I had rather never have been born than see this day of humiliation. 我宁愿⾃⼰未曾出⽣，也不愿遭受今天的耻辱。
I would （had ） rather ……但愿（+that 从句中⽤过去式）。
如：I would rather he didn‘t tell her about it .我真希望他不告诉她这件事。
I had rather you did it alone . 但愿你⼀⼈做。
2. handicap ： 1） any disadvantage that makes success more difficult . 不利的因素。
如：Bad health is a handicap. ⾝体不好是不利因素。
His lack of English is a great handicap to him .他不懂英语对他是⼀⼤缺陷。
2 ） a physical or mental disability残疾。
如：Blindness is a great handicap.眼瞎是⼀⼤残疾。
3. at once at the same time ； simultaneously 同时。
如：It‘s hard for one to do two things at once .⼈很难同时做两件事。
4. eliminate： get rid of ； remove 消除。
如：to eliminate poverty根除贫穷； eliminate the prejudice消除偏见。
2023年自考高级英语重点
《高级英语（上）》重点知识第一课1.课文重点段落：2、4、5、6. 重,点短语：adulation> disaffection> embody> reverence> sprinkle> swelter2.重点短语:conceive of：设想,想象、seeas：把视为，把当作、rather than：不是而是、take place：发生第二课3.课文重点段落：1、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、12. 重点短语：affluent、available> cleanse> dwindle> disillusionment、tedious> relevant4.重点短语：contributeto奉献，捐款、batten on：靠损害别人养肥自己、drop out：放弃，退出第三课5.课文重点段落：2、3、15、16、17、21、30. 重点短语：apologetic> apprehension> coax> contemptible> desist6.重点短语：break in：插入，闯入、hold down：控制、reduce to：变成第四课7.课文重点段落：2、6、7、8. 重点短语：arguable> dodge> intrude> languish>legalize8.重点短语：come to light公布于众、go over：检查细节、hold out：连续、omply with依从，顺从第五课.课文重点段落：1、2、4、6、7、10、12、15、169. 重点短语：drawback、incredulous> inferior> predominate> mold> register.重点短语：be content with：满足、be supposed to：理应,应当、run for：竞选、be awareof：意识，知道、convince sb. of sth./that说服，使相信2)so…that…表达该句自身存在一种逻辑上的因果关系。
(自考专升本资料)《高级英语》复习笔记6
高级英语复习笔记及讲解6Lesson Six1.keep in touch with ： contact 保持联系.如；Let 's keep in touch .让我们保持联系吧.Keep in close touch with me .与我保持密切联系.2.（be） in for ： certain to undergo 不能防止.如：The naughty boy is in for a beating .淘气的用孩免不了要挨打.We are in for a rainy season .我们不可防止要遭遇雨季.It looks as if we 're in for stormy weather . 看那样子，似乎我们一定会遇到暴风雨.3.reference ： a mention , allusion 提及.如：The court made numerous references to him as a witness. 法院经常传他去做证人.4.in good spirits ：情绪很好.spirits ： [plural] mood with regard to great happiness or great sadness 情绪.如：I hope you will be in better spirits when we meet again. 我希望我们下次见面时你情绪会好些.He is so depressed that I wonder who could lift his spirits.他非常沮丧,我不知他能否振作起来.5.embitter： make bitter and angry 使怨，恨.如；being scolded without good reasons embittered him .让人无端指责，他感到一腔怨气.en-, em（在b, p前）加在名词或形容词上转成动词.另如：enable （使能够）；enamor引起的爱；encase将装入箱中；enchant施以魔法，使着迷.embody具体表达；empower授权；emotionally使成紫色.6.agitate ： to disturb or excite emotionally 使不安，使兴奋.如：His fiery speech agitated the crowd .他的激情演讲让听众大为兴奋.He was explaining the situation in an agitated manner . 他兴奋地说明着当时的情形.agitate oneself over 为单独焦虑.如：Don 't agitate yourself over such a thing .不要为这种事焦虑.7.know of his whereabouts 知道他的下落.a)know of ： have heard about 听说过，知道(有).如：Do you know of any cinema in this neighborhood ?你知道这小区里有电影院吗？I know of a shop where you can get things like this .我知道有一家商店，你可以买到这样的东西.I don 't know him , but I know of him .我不认识他，但知道有这个人.4b)whereabouts ： the place where a person or thing is 下落, 去向.如：I 'm still in the dark about his whereabouts.我仍然不知道他的下落._8.inch ： move by small degrees 缓'慢彳亍进.如：The children inched through the traffic .孩子们在拥挤的交通中缓慢前进.I inched my way through the narrow space beeen the trucks .9.tentative ： a) of the nature of an experiment 试验性的；b) unsure , not definite , hesitant 犹豫.a tentative arrangrment 临时安排/a tentative offer 试验性建议10.s coff at ： mock at ; jeer at ：嘲笑，嘲弄.如：You should not scoff at others ' belief.你不能嘲笑别人的信仰.11.end up ： reach a final state or condition 最后(有了某种结局)，最后.如：If you drive so rashly , you will end up in hospital .如果你这么鲁莽开车,最终会住进医院的.He ended up tired and broke .他最后累垮了，破产了.12.a ssociate with ： keep company with 与陪伴.如：He didn 't allow his daughter to associate with anyone who smoked or drank.他不让他女儿与任何抽烟或喝酒的人为伍.Whitman always assoisated with the working masses.惠特曼总是和工人阶级在一起.。
高级英语笔记整理
高级英语笔记整理Part I 词汇第一册第一课中东的集市1）and of would-be purchasers : intended to be,likely ,possible 2010 2) and the buyers…follow suit: do the same as someone elase has done 3) shopkeepers dealing in the same kind of goods …collect in the same area : gather2010 4)bargaing is the order of the day : the prevailing state of things; the commanding thing to do 头等大事2012 5）in each shop sit the apprentices…hammering away at copper vessels: hammering continously 2010 6)the live coals glowing bright and then dimming: glowing or burning 7) it is a vast ,sombre cavern of a room : 8) a trickle of oil ozzes own…into a used petrolcan: no longer new; second hand第二课广岛—日本最有活力的城市1) because I had a lump in my throat: feeling of pressure in one’s throat, caused by repressed emotionbecause of strong emotion2) to have the same preoccupations: 占据思想；全神贯注；心里总想着的事物 3) to rub shoulders with :meet and mix with (people) 与...有来往；和。
高级英语复习笔记及讲解
高级英语复习笔记及讲解发布时间：2004-9-26 发布地区：达德教育信息来源：自考高级英语复习笔记及讲解（共5讲）Lesson OneRock Superstars : What Do They Tell Us About Ourselves and Our Society ?1. Rock Superstars 摇滚乐超级明星rock : rock music , rock ' n ' roll ( or : rock and roll )摇滚乐早期的摇滚乐是源于美国的民歌( folk )爵士乐( jazz )勃鲁斯歌曲(blues)等的一种音乐,其特征是具有强烈的节奏 ( rhythm )单纯的旋律( melody )一再重复的歌词和音符的后拍音 ( after beat )2. Rock is the music of teenage rebellion .摇滚乐是青少年的反叛音乐a. teenage adj. pertaining to a teenager ( 13 至 19 岁的 ) 青少年的.其名词形式为teenager: (13至19岁的青少年).b. rebellion : resistance to or defiance of any authority 造反,反派.如; a rebellion against old traditions 对旧传统的反叛.3. By a man ' s heroes ye shall know him . 你将从一个人崇拜的英雄得知其人.a.这句句子的句型与英语中常说的 judge a man by the company he keeps(以一个人所交的朋友断定其为人)很相似.b. ye = you 用于古英语或诗歌中,是第二人称代词thou的复数.如: Ye are the salt of the earth .你们是社会的中坚. (出自<<圣经>>)4. '' Midnight Rambler '' :ramble : walk for pleasure漫游,既可表动词,也可作名词.如; They rambled through the woods.他们在林中漫步.5. ... he said , '' grabs a half-gallon jug of water and runs along the front platform , sprinkling its contents over the first rows of sweltering listeners ... ''a. grab : to seize suddenly , eagerly , or roughly ; snstch 急抓,夺取.如: He jumped up from the table , grabbed his hat and ran out of the door .他从桌子旁跳了起来,抓起自己的帽子,奔出门去.另外,grab后面可以跟其他名词或名词短语.如:grab a shower快速冲了澡,grab a sandwich,胡乱吃了一个三明治,grab a taxi 赶搭出租车.有时,还可以作不及物动词.如:He grabbed at the opportunity of going abroad . 他设法抓住这次出国的机会 b. sprinkle : to scatter drops or particles of water , powder or the like on 洒液体,撒粉末等(于......上).如:They sprinkled ashes on the icy sidewalk .他们在积水溜滑的人行道上撒了灰.We sprinkle the lawn every day .我们每天给草坪洒水.以'' sprinkling ''引导的短语是动词的 '' - ing '' 形式作伴随状语.再如: They stood there , watching the basketball .他们站在那里,观看篮球比赛.6. They surge to follow him , eager to be touched by a few baptismal drops .a. surge : to move or swell forward in or like waves 如波涛汹涌而至.A crowd surged out of the theater .观众从剧院里蜂拥而出.b. 以形容词'' eager ''引导的不定式词组在语法功能上起着并列分句的作用.7. Some 14,000 screaming fans were cruching up to the front of the stage at Capital Center , ...a. some : ( before a number ) approximately , about (在数字前)大约.如: some twenty students大约20个学生.b. scream to make a loud , sharp cry 尖声大叫.'' screaming ''是动词 scream的 '' - ing ''形式作前置修饰语, '' screaming fans '' 意为"尖声大叫的歌迷"c. crunch : to proceed with a crushing noise嘎吱嘎吱地往前.如: The children crunched through the snow .孩子们嘎吱嘎吱地踩着雪走.8. I ought to be crawling on my knees .a. crawled : to move with the face downward and the boye close to the ground爬行.如;The bus crawled along .公共汽车缓慢地行进.注意:短语 crawl into the favor of one's superiors表示"卑躬屈膝地讨好上司".b. on one's knees : 双膝跪地.9. How do you feel about all this adulation and hero worship ?a. feel about : consider , think of 觉得,感到.经常用于疑问句中,如: How do you feel about the suggestion ?你认为这个建议怎么样?b. adulation 是adulate的名词形式.adulate : flatter or admire excessively过分赞赏,奉承,恭维.如:One can hardly understand why young people so adulate film stars.年轻人为什么如此过分赞赏影星,真让人费解.10. Or are you drawn somehow to this strange clown , perhaps because he acts out your wildest fantasies ?a. draw : atteact 吸引.如:Some mutual interests draw us together .一些共同的兴趣把我们吸引到一块了.b. somehow : in some way not specified or known 不知什么缘故.如:Somehow I don't like this novel though it is so popular .这本小说虽然很流行,但不知什么原因我却不喜欢它.c. fantasy : imagination , esp. when it is let free and not held back(自由奔放的)想象,幻想,狂想.wildest fantasies ,最为狂妄的奇想.11. These aren't idle questions .idle : of no real worth or purpose 无聊的.如:idle rumor无聊的谎言.12. Horwitz sees the rock music arena as a sort of debating forum ,a place where ideas clash and crash .a. see ... as ... : consider ... as ...把......看作......b. forum : a meeting place of discussion of matters of public interest论坛.c. a place 是a sort of debating forum的同位语,后面由 where引导的句子是定语从句,修饰 a place.'' ideas chash and crash ''意为"各种思想冲撞".13. '' The redefinition , '' Horowitz says '' is a task uniquely performed by the young...'''' uniquely performed by the young '' 是过去分词短语,用于修饰前面的''a task''.14. It is they alone who combine invention and exaggeration , ...a.it is .. who ( that ) 是强调句式.b.alone : ( after a noun or pronoun ) only(在名词或代词后面)仅,只.His name alone was enough to draw a large audience .仅仅他的名字就足以吸引一大批观众.15. '' Rock music ,'' he says '' is really a sociological expression rather than a musical force . ''rather than : instead of 而不是(肯定前者,否定后者.)比如:He is a poet rather than a novelist .与其说他是小说家,不如说他是诗人.这里介绍另一个短语or rather,意为 more exactly更为确切地说".如:late last night , or rather early this morning昨天深夜,更为确切地说,是今天清晨.16. It's just that Elvis managed to embody the frustrated teenage spirit of the 1950s .a. 句中的it有 the reason的意思, that = be cause .b. embody : give a definite form to具体体现如:The statue embodies the sentiment of the sculptor .这尊塑像表现了雕像家的感情.The latest model of the lorry embodies many improvements .卡车的最新式样体现了许多改进的地方.17. TV network banned him .a. network : a group of radio or television stations linked by wire or microwaves (广播,电视)广播网b. ban : prohibit , forbid 禁止.如: Students are banned from reading dirty books .禁止学生阅读色情书刊.18. Most of the older viewers frowned , while most of the younger viewers applauded .a. frown: to wrinkle the forehead , such as when one is displeased or in deep thought皱眉.如:听到我说错了答案,他便皱起了眉头.短语frown on ( upon )表示"不赞同".如: He frowned upon my plan .他不赞同我的计划.b. applaud : to clap the hands together in approval or appreciation 鼓掌喝彩;称赞.如: The audience applauded wildly .观众热烈鼓掌.c. 连接词while在这里表示对照,再如: I like books while my brother loves sports .我喜欢书,而我的兄弟则热衷于体育.19. The Rolling Stones , arrogant street-fighting men , demanded revolution .arrogant : acting as if one were more important than others傲慢的;妄自尊大的.如; He was just too arrogant to his subordinates .他对他的部下太傲慢了.20. Feelings , always a part of any musical statement , were a major subject .这里always a part of any musical statement 是feelings的同位语.21. The Beatles showed there were a range of emotions between love and hate .range : a number of different things of the same general sort or type (变动的,可供选择的)范围;幅度.如:a range of colors to choose from可以选择的一系列颜色;a range of prices from 5 yuan to 50 yuan 从5元到50元不等的各种价格.22. This country element , Horowitz feels , helped its audience express an urge to '' get away from it all , '' ...urge : an instincitve drive .冲动.如: I felt an urge to further my studies in Europe .我有一种去欧洲深造的冲动.23. ...these rock musicians mirror feelings...mirror : reflect 反映.如: The election result reflects their opinions.选举结果反映了他们的观点.24. ... where it's heading ?head ( for ) : move toward (朝某一方向)前进.如: They were heading for the deep jungle for hunting .他们去丛林深处打猎.Lesson Two Four Choices for Young People1.Jim Binns...wrote me about some of his misgivings. misgiving:worry,concern(常用复数)(对未来之事)疑虑不安,怀疑.如:I like your scheme in principle;my only misgiving is that it may require too large a sum of money.我原则上喜欢你的计划,唯一担心的是花销可能太大.2...our generation views the adult world with great skepticism... skepticism:doubt,suspicion怀疑(态度);怀疑主义be skeptical about:对......持怀疑太度;不相信.如:He is skeptical about everything .他对一切事物都抱怀疑态度.with a skeptical expression带着怀疑的表情。
自考英语本科《高级英语》考点精析
考点精析Lesson one Rock Superstars : What do they tell us about ourselves and our society ？＃Sprinkling its contents over the first few rows of sweltering listeners.sprinkle v. to scatter in drops or small grains 喷/洒/撒eg: Sprinkle sand along the icy path . 把沙子撒在冰封的路上.＃They surge to follow him ，eager to be touched by a few baptismal drops .surge v. to move ，esp。
forward ,in or like powerful waves 汹涌,澎湃eg: The crowd surged past him . 人潮从他身边汹涌而过。
n。
strong，wavelike ，forward movement 波涛,巨浪eg: The surge crashed against the coast 。
汹涌的波涛拍打着海岸.＃How do you feel about all this adulation and hero worship ？adulation n。
praise that is more than necessary or deserved 奉承,谄媚eg：He received many adulations from his colleagues .他受到许多同事的奉承。
adulate v. praise more than is truthful to win favor 奉承,逢迎eg:The leader are easily adulated 。
高级英语复习笔记及讲解2
Lesson Two Four Choices for Young People 1.Jim Binns……wrote me about some of his misgivings. misgiving：worry，concern（常⽤复数）（对未来之事）疑虑不安，怀疑。
如： I like your scheme in principle；my only misgiving is that it may require too large a sum of money. 我原则上喜欢你的计划，担⼼的是花销可能太⼤。
2……our generation views the adult world with great skepticism…… skepticism：doubt，suspicion怀疑（态度）；怀疑主义be skeptical about：对……持怀疑太度；不相信。
如： He is skeptical about everything .他对⼀切事物都抱怀疑态度。
with a skeptical expression带着怀疑的表情。
3.Apparently he speaks for a lot of his contemporaries. contemprary adj.同时代的，当代；n.同时代的⼈。
如： our contemporaries和我们同时代的⼈同义词：peer 同等的⼈，同辈。
如：without a peer ⽆匹敌的 4.The people responsible are， presumably， the adults who…… a.responsible：1）（放在名词后⾯）应负责任的。
如：I hold you responsible for the safety of her family.我就把她家的安全交给你了。
2）（放在名词前⾯）（⼯作、地为等）责任重的，有责任的。
英语自考本科高级英语笔记-上册-Lesson Eight
Lesson Eight A Lesson in Living Words and ExpressionsText Explanation1For nearly a year, I sopped around the house, the Store, the school and the church, like an old biscuit, dirty and inedible.For nearly a year, I spent most of my time on the house, the Store, the school and the church, like an old biscuit, dirty and not suitable for food.2Mrs. Bertha Flowers was the aristocrat of Black Stamps.Mrs. Bertha Flowers 是Stamps 黑人中的贵妇人。
3She had the grace of control to appear warm in the coldest weatherShe had a fine control of her movement to appear warm in the coldest weather.4…and on the Arkansas summer days it seemed she had a private breeze which swirl around, cooling her.…and on the Arkansas summer days she seemed to have a breeze of her own which swirled around, cooling her.5Her skin was a rich black that would have peeled like a plum if snaggedHer skin was a vivid deep black that would have peeled like a plum if it had been snagged.When "rich" is used to modify colour, means "strong and attactive"."if snagged" means if it was torn open by something sharp.6…to ruffle her dress弄皱她的衣服，实际上指“轻浮或轻率地对待她”，即：to trifle with her.7She didn't encourage familiarity.She didn't give people the courage to become intimate with her.8It would be safe to say that she made me proud of be Negro, just by being herself.It would be safe to say that she made me proud of be Negro, just by being a black woman with such a noble personality.9I've been meaning to talk to her.I've been intending to talk to her.10They gave each other agegroup looks.They gave each other meaningful llis, looks that were exchanged among and understood by people of the same age group.11…but that it's all written.…but it's all written work, referring to her school work.12I hung back in the separate unasked and unanswereable questions.hang back ：hesitate 指胆小，怕羞而畏缩。
2022年高级英语复习笔记素材
高级英语复习笔记及讲解8Lesson NineThe Trouble with Television1. A. prominent anchorman warns of TV‘s adverse effect on America’s culture .a. prominent ： outstanding ， easily seen ， important ， distinguished 突出的，显著的，重要的，杰出的。
如：a prominent position / writer显赫的地位、著名作家。
acquire / gain prominence 出人头地。
b. anchorman ：〔播送，电视〕〔新闻、体育等节目的〕主持人。
c. adverse ： unfavorable ， contrary 不利的，负面的。
如：adverse circumstances逆境； adverse effect负面影响； a theory adverse to the facts与事实相反的理论。
developments adverse to our interests与我们的利益相反的开展。
adversary ：〔竞争中的〕对手。
2. if you fit the statistical averages ，……假假设你处于平均数……如；on an 〔the〕 average 平均起来，一般来说：On 〔an〕 the average ， I finish reading a book three weeks .一般而言，我平均三星期读完一本书。
He smoked about ten cigarettas a day on an average . 他平均一天抽十根香烟。
3. 〔be〕 exposed to ： lay open to 使暴露于……如：Don‘t expose children to ill effects of the Internet .不要让孩子受因特网的负面影响。
《高级英语 上》笔记
高级英语（上）L1-10 笔记Lesson 1一.句子1.How do you feel about this adulation and hero worship? When Mick Jagger’s fans look at himas a high priest or a god, are you with them or against them? Do you share Chris Singer’s almost religious reverence for Bob Dylan? Do you think he-or Dylan-is misguided? Do you reject Alice Cooper as sick? Or are you drawn somehow to this strange clown, perhaps because he acts out your wildest fantasies?There aren’t idle questions. Some sociologists say that your answers to them could explain a lot about what you are thinking and about what your society is thinking-in other words, about where you and your society are. “Music expresses its times,” says sociologist Irving Horowitz, Horowitz sees the rock music arena as a sort of debating forum, a place where ideas clash and crash .He sees it as a place where American society struggles to define and redefine its feelings and beliefs. “The redefinition,” Horowitz says, “is a task uniquely performed by the young. It is they alone who combine invention and exaggeration, reason and motion, word and sound, music and politics.你如何看待这种赞美和英雄崇拜？当米克.贾格尔的歌迷把他视作大主教或神时，你对他们是持赞成还是反对态度？你是否赞同克里斯.辛格对鲍勃.狄佗的近乎宗教般的崇敬？你认为是他-还是狄伦-迷入歧途了？你是否认为艾利斯.库珀的表演令人讨厌因而拒绝接受他呢？你是否因为这位奇怪的小丑表达出了你狂热的幻觉而多少被他吸引？这些并不是随便提出的毫无价值的问题。
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高级英语复习笔记及讲解发布时间：2004-9-26 发布地区：达德教育信息来源：自考高级英语复习笔记及讲解（共5讲）Lesson OneRock Superstars : What Do They Tell Us About Ourselves and Our Society ?1. Rock Superstars 摇滚乐超级明星rock : rock music , rock ' n ' roll ( or : rock and roll )摇滚乐早期的摇滚乐是源于美国的民歌( folk )爵士乐( jazz )勃鲁斯歌曲(blues)等的一种音乐,其特征是具有强烈的节奏 ( rhythm )单纯的旋律( melody )一再重复的歌词和音符的后拍音 ( after beat )2. Rock is the music of teenage rebellion .摇滚乐是青少年的反叛音乐a. teenage adj. pertaining to a teenager ( 13 至 19 岁的 ) 青少年的.其名词形式为teenager: (13至19岁的青少年).b. rebellion : resistance to or defiance of any authority 造反,反派.如; a rebellion against old traditions 对旧传统的反叛.3. By a man ' s heroes ye shall know him . 你将从一个人崇拜的英雄得知其人.a.这句句子的句型与英语中常说的 judge a man by the company he keeps(以一个人所交的朋友断定其为人)很相似.b. ye = you 用于古英语或诗歌中,是第二人称代词thou的复数.如: Ye are the salt of the earth .你们是社会的中坚. (出自<<圣经>>)4. '' Midnight Rambler '' :ramble : walk for pleasure漫游,既可表动词,也可作名词.如; They rambled through the woods.他们在林中漫步.5. ... he said , '' grabs a half-gallon jug of water and runs along the front platform , sprinkling its contents over the first rows of sweltering listeners ... ''a. grab : to seize suddenly , eagerly , or roughly ; snstch 急抓,夺取.如: He jumped up from the table , grabbed his hat and ran out of the door .他从桌子旁跳了起来,抓起自己的帽子,奔出门去.另外,grab后面可以跟其他名词或名词短语.如:grab a shower快速冲了澡,grab a sandwich,胡乱吃了一个三明治,grab a taxi 赶搭出租车.有时,还可以作不及物动词.如:He grabbed at the opportunity of going abroad . 他设法抓住这次出国的机会 b. sprinkle : to scatter drops or particles of water , powder or the like on 洒液体,撒粉末等(于......上).如:They sprinkled ashes on the icy sidewalk .他们在积水溜滑的人行道上撒了灰.We sprinkle the lawn every day .我们每天给草坪洒水.以'' sprinkling ''引导的短语是动词的 '' - ing '' 形式作伴随状语.再如: They stood there , watching the basketball .他们站在那里,观看篮球比赛.6. They surge to follow him , eager to be touched by a few baptismal drops .a. surge : to move or swell forward in or like waves 如波涛汹涌而至.A crowd surged out of the theater .观众从剧院里蜂拥而出.b. 以形容词'' eager ''引导的不定式词组在语法功能上起着并列分句的作用.7. Some 14,000 screaming fans were cruching up to the front of the stage at Capital Center , ...a. some : ( before a number ) approximately , about (在数字前)大约.如: some twenty students大约20个学生.b. scream to make a loud , sharp cry 尖声大叫.'' screaming ''是动词 scream的 '' - ing ''形式作前置修饰语, '' screaming fans '' 意为"尖声大叫的歌迷"c. crunch : to proceed with a crushing noise嘎吱嘎吱地往前.如: The children crunched through the snow .孩子们嘎吱嘎吱地踩着雪走.8. I ought to be crawling on my knees .a. crawled : to move with the face downward and the boye close to the ground爬行.如;The bus crawled along .公共汽车缓慢地行进.注意:短语 crawl into the favor of one's superiors表示"卑躬屈膝地讨好上司".b. on one's knees : 双膝跪地.9. How do you feel about all this adulation and hero worship ?a. feel about : consider , think of 觉得,感到.经常用于疑问句中,如: How do you feel about the suggestion ?你认为这个建议怎么样?b. adulation 是adulate的名词形式.adulate : flatter or admire excessively过分赞赏,奉承,恭维.如:One can hardly understand why young people so adulate film stars.年轻人为什么如此过分赞赏影星,真让人费解.10. Or are you drawn somehow to this strange clown , perhaps because he acts out your wildest fantasies ?a. draw : atteact 吸引.如:Some mutual interests draw us together .一些共同的兴趣把我们吸引到一块了.b. somehow : in some way not specified or known 不知什么缘故.如:Somehow I don't like this novel though it is so popular .这本小说虽然很流行,但不知什么原因我却不喜欢它.c. fantasy : imagination , esp. when it is let free and not held back(自由奔放的)想象,幻想,狂想.wildest fantasies ,最为狂妄的奇想.11. These aren't idle questions .idle : of no real worth or purpose 无聊的.如:idle rumor无聊的谎言.12. Horwitz sees the rock music arena as a sort of debating forum ,a place where ideas clash and crash .a. see ... as ... : consider ... as ...把......看作......b. forum : a meeting place of discussion of matters of public interest论坛.c. a place 是a sort of debating forum的同位语,后面由 where引导的句子是定语从句,修饰 a place.'' ideas chash and crash ''意为"各种思想冲撞".13. '' The redefinition , '' Horowitz says '' is a task uniquely performed by the young...'''' uniquely performed by the young '' 是过去分词短语,用于修饰前面的''a task''.14. It is they alone who combine invention and exaggeration , ...a.it is .. who ( that ) 是强调句式.b.alone : ( after a noun or pronoun ) only(在名词或代词后面)仅,只.His name alone was enough to draw a large audience .仅仅他的名字就足以吸引一大批观众.15. '' Rock music ,'' he says '' is really a sociological expression rather than a musical force . ''rather than : instead of 而不是(肯定前者,否定后者.)比如:He is a poet rather than a novelist .与其说他是小说家,不如说他是诗人.这里介绍另一个短语or rather,意为 more exactly更为确切地说".如:late last night , or rather early this morning昨天深夜,更为确切地说,是今天清晨.16. It's just that Elvis managed to embody the frustrated teenage spirit of the 1950s .a. 句中的it有 the reason的意思, that = be cause .b. embody : give a definite form to具体体现如:The statue embodies the sentiment of the sculptor .这尊塑像表现了雕像家的感情.The latest model of the lorry embodies many improvements .卡车的最新式样体现了许多改进的地方.17. TV network banned him .a. network : a group of radio or television stations linked by wire or microwaves (广播,电视)广播网b. ban : prohibit , forbid 禁止.如: Students are banned from reading dirty books .禁止学生阅读色情书刊.18. Most of the older viewers frowned , while most of the younger viewers applauded .a. frown: to wrinkle the forehead , such as when one is displeased or in deep thought皱眉.如:听到我说错了答案,他便皱起了眉头.短语frown on ( upon )表示"不赞同".如: He frowned upon my plan .他不赞同我的计划.b. applaud : to clap the hands together in approval or appreciation 鼓掌喝彩;称赞.如: The audience applauded wildly .观众热烈鼓掌.c. 连接词while在这里表示对照,再如: I like books while my brother loves sports .我喜欢书,而我的兄弟则热衷于体育.19. The Rolling Stones , arrogant street-fighting men , demanded revolution .arrogant : acting as if one were more important than others傲慢的;妄自尊大的.如; He was just too arrogant to his subordinates .他对他的部下太傲慢了.20. Feelings , always a part of any musical statement , were a major subject .这里always a part of any musical statement 是feelings的同位语.21. The Beatles showed there were a range of emotions between love and hate .range : a number of different things of the same general sort or type (变动的,可供选择的)范围;幅度.如:a range of colors to choose from可以选择的一系列颜色;a range of prices from 5 yuan to 50 yuan 从5元到50元不等的各种价格.22. This country element , Horowitz feels , helped its audience express an urge to '' get away from it all , '' ...urge : an instincitve drive .冲动.如: I felt an urge to further my studies in Europe .我有一种去欧洲深造的冲动.23. ...these rock musicians mirror feelings...mirror : reflect 反映.如: The election result reflects their opinions.选举结果反映了他们的观点.24. ... where it's heading ?head ( for ) : move toward (朝某一方向)前进.如: They were heading for the deep jungle for hunting .他们去丛林深处打猎.Lesson Two Four Choices for Young People1.Jim Binns...wrote me about some of his misgivings. misgiving:worry,concern(常用复数)(对未来之事)疑虑不安,怀疑.如:I like your scheme in principle;my only misgiving is that it may require too large a sum of money.我原则上喜欢你的计划,唯一担心的是花销可能太大.2...our generation views the adult world with great skepticism... skepticism:doubt,suspicion怀疑(态度);怀疑主义be skeptical about:对......持怀疑太度;不相信.如:He is skeptical about everything .他对一切事物都抱怀疑态度.with a skeptical expression带着怀疑的表情。