顾家北雅思词伙
写作从4.5到6的过程——献给顾家北老师
写作从4.5到6的过程——献给顾家北⽼师关于雅思写作，是⼤部分学⽣是不太擅长的⼀项，也是⽐较难提⾼分数的⼀项，⾄于雅思写作的要求我就不做⼀⼀介绍了，我相信⼤部分烤鸭已经不只是⼀次两次的战⽃了。
那就直奔主题吧——认识顾家北⽼师从写作4.5到6的过程。
刚接触顾家北⽼师是微博上⽆意中看到的，看到这位⽼师教出来的学⽣基本都是写作在7分以上，这⼀点让我相信了顾⽼师⽼师，由于是⽹络授课（第⼀次接触）于是就揣着忐忑的⼼报了顾⽼师的⼩班，本⼈基础不好， 2013年2⽉23⽇参加雅思考试，写作考了4.5，⼝语也是4.5，可想⽽知，不管从我的词汇和语法是有多糟糕，所以⼩班给我带来的好处就是让我的语法有了突飞猛进的转变，2013年3⽉9⽇再⼀次参加考试写作到了6，⼝语也到了6。
这期间⼤概只有10多天的时间。
不管你信或者不信，以下我想声明⼏点：⾸先，我不是学霸，不会⼀天花上⼏个⼩时来看英语，最多也就2到3个⼩时，再加上基础不好，就从未想过要突破什么7分之类的，这10⼏天，也就是上了顾家北⽼师的⼩班+词伙班，且不说有多神奇，⾄少我只想⽤事实说话。
第⼆，我不是托，我不需要讨好什么⽼师来花这么长的时间来写这段话。
第三，不管你是有⼏分的基础，我相信只要按照顾家北⽼师的⽅法，就单单写作来讲，算得上是百尺竿头更近⼀步。
关于⼩班顾⽼师的⼩班⼤概在40多个⼈左右，每次课都有语法部分的安排，基础不太好的我，上课前会提前预习⽼师的课件，以⾄于上课时不会跟不上课程的节奏，毕竟这个不是⼀对⼀。
但是你若有任何问题，顾⽼师都会耐⼼的解答。
所以这点你不必担⼼你会跟不⾛。
截⽌到2⽉23⽇，我是已经上了⼩班3节课，明显感觉到⾃⼰的语法部分有了很⼤的提升，虽然可能有部分同学认为，雅思考试语法不重要，可我个⼈认为这是⼀个很重要的环节，不然我的⼝语也不会从4.5提升到6，这期间仅仅只有10多天（2013年3⽉9⽇，再⼀次参加雅思考试⼝语6），各位烤鸭不管你信或者不信语法这东西是否重要，语法这东西不是⽩学的，它的作⽤是助你从中端冲⼊⾼端，尽管在初级阶段的确看起来作⽤不⼤。
(完整版)顾家北词伙整理
词伙Worst-affected countryAt the international level Diplomatic rowFinancial resources Multinational enterprises Multinational companies Across boundariesGlobal financial centre Business hubsEnhance social integration The domestic market Implications for the economy 最受影响的国家在国际范围内外交争吵资金The adequacy of…跨国企业跨越国界全球金融中心商业中心加强社会融合国内市场经济影响The gap between the haves and the贫富差距Widen…have-notsCompetitive job marketSeek employmentPotential recruitsSuffer stressSuffer from more pressureUrban sprawlUrban expansionProspective citizensNon-English speaking migrants Indigenous peopleLocal residentsCitizenshipGovernment/Public funds Public expenditure(on) Government investment(in) Budget constraintsPolitical leadershipGive priority to…Enforce 竞争激烈的劳动力市场求职潜在的应聘人感到压力城市扩张申请入籍的人母语非英语的移民本土人国籍公共资金、开支预算限制政府领导力把…放在首位制定法律…has profound implication s for the economyFormulateEnact+lawsImprove citizens’living standards Health service 提高居民生活水平医疗服务Social stabilityProduce a better societyReduce traffic congestion Trigger conflictsTechnological devices Massive technological change 社会稳定减少交通堵塞引发冲突技术设备大规模技术变化Online activityE-communicationSocial networking websites Education contentBroaden one’s horizonsWiden our visionExpand knowledgeIncrease/broaden/widen knowledge 上网网络交流社交网站教育性内容enable users to acquire knowledge 开阔眼界扩宽知识Exercise different options Powerful functioning applications Present informationProvide different options Brainstorm ideasEmbrace creative ideasPut ideas into practiceStifleUse Fire Capture creativity imaginationBiotech industry 强大的功能应用提供信息提供不同选项集思广益拥抱创意把想法付诸实践抑制运用创造力促进想象力激发生物技术领域Vulnerable to an attack by online criminalsThe whole ecosystemGlobal environmental problemsGlobal environmental degradation/ destructionStain on environmentAt environment’s expenseHuman activities(Would)suffer sooner or laterGlobal warmingGlaciers MeltingSea level riseRelease/discharge pollutantsCarbon footprintAir pollution/contamination Greenhouse effectAcid trainThe increase of litter/garbage Radioactive waste disposalWater shortageThe shortage of water recoursesD eforestationOvergrazingLower fertilityFood supply problemFamineDeplete nature recoursesNon-renewable resourcesFossil fuelsRenewable resourcesAlternative energy 容易受到网络罪犯的攻击整个生态系统环境问题环境恶化环境压力环境代价人类活动早晚都要遭报应全球变暖冰川融化海平面上升淡水减少汽车尾气排放排放污染物碳足迹Leave carbon footprint大气污染温室效应酸雨污染物增加垃圾增多废水增多放射物的污染处理水资源短缺森林减少过度放牧土地生产力下降食品供应不足饥荒耗尽自然资源不可再生资源化石燃料可再生资源可替代资源Hydro powerWind powerSolar powerTidal powerHydride powerDroughtsFloodsSand stormsViolent stormsMitigate the environmental impact Tackle pollutionSustain the environment Sustainable development世界Global cooperationAchieve/reach the agreementSet international standards for environmentalprotection/conservation/preservation 政府Enforce environmental lawsForbid/curb Unenvironmental behaviourTax disposable packagingLow-carbon economyContain pollutionImprove air qualityTreat wasteff ctivelyInvest in and research…Exploit…Environmental friendly technology Energy-saving technology Renewable green energyLess polluting or fuel-efficient cars/ vehiclesHi-tech solutions企业Conserve energyEnvironmental friendly products 水电风能太阳能潮汐能氢能干旱洪灾沙尘暴雷暴减少对环境的影响减少、处理污染保护环境可持续发展全球合作达成共识制定环境保护的国际标准制定环保政策禁止破坏环境的行为给一次性包装收税鼓励低碳经济发展Encourage Low-carbon控制污染改善空气质量有效地处理垃圾投资研发……大力发展……环保科技节能科技可再生的清洁能源燃油高效性汽车高科技的解决方法节约资源推出环保产品→见可再生资源economyPromote environmental friendly productsGreen consuming habits引导大众绿色消费习惯Lead/guide the public to enter green consuming habits 个人Make a conscious effort to…有意识地Take采取行动icgthiot nagainst climate change抵制气候变化Raise green/environmental awareness提升环保意识Conservation activities保护活动Low-carbon lifestyle倡导低碳生活方式Appeal low-carbon life styleTake public transport,carpool or ride abicycle乘坐公共交通工具、拼车或骑自行车T hrowaway products避免使用一次性产品Avoid using throwaway productsEco-friendly alternatives/substitution使用生态友好型替代品Use eco-friendly alternatives/substitutionSort daily garbage生活垃圾分类Consume less and recycle more少消耗多回收Culture exchange文化交流Inactive lifestyle不同的生活方式The erosion of(some)traditional valuesBe economically better ofBecome financially well-offBecome more affluentMaterial wealthOverworkingWork OvertimeLead a hectic lifePerform poorlyEnjoy the company of familyLuxury goods,such asGrand housesFancy/luxury cars 传统文化价值的缺失经济条件宽裕物质财富pay closer attention to material wealth,注重物质财富but fail to attach importance to family life.忽略家庭生活工作过度加班工作过着忙碌的生活表现很差享受家庭生活奢侈品(房、车、物件)Be able to afford…/Hi-tech gadgetsGet a foot on the property ladder ShopaholicEveryday expenditure Necessities of modern lifeNon-essential itemsResist the temptation toA housing crisisShortage of houses(Unlimited)private car ownership Private car useRestrict the private car use Restrict the use of private car Limit the number of cars Involve fuel consumption Create exhaust fumes Deteriorate air qualitySuffer from respiratory diseases Hospital admission(will)increaseGenetically modified cropsPoor dietF ast foodJunk foodStaple foodLean meatEpidemic of obesityF at contentPhysical degenerationFall sickLose weightGo on a dietDetox dietRegular exerciseImprove individuals’well-being 买自己的房子购物狂日常消费现实生活的必需品不必要的物品克制欲望房屋紧缺私家车的使用限制私家车的使用消耗燃油排放废气破坏大气质量(As)air quality deteriorates,…随着空气质量的破坏遭受呼吸系统疾病入院人数增加转基因农产品不好的饮食垃圾食品主食瘦肉肥胖蔓延脂肪比重体质下降生病减肥节食排毒减肥餐经常锻炼(regular=usual)加强身体健康Travelling overseas Leisure activities 出境游休闲活动Meet admission requirementsMeet entry requirementsMeet entrance standardsSecondary educationReceive a college educationuniversitytertiaryCore coursesOptional coursesIncrease knowledgeConduct academic studies Theoretical knowledgeImprove/enhance students’intellectual skillsBroaden one’s mindKeep abreast of the latest development Gain more knowledge and experience Seize opportunitiesCareer prospectEmployment prospectJob outlookPromising futureJob outlook is brightLeave schoolGraduate 符合入学要求中等教育接受大学教育主课选修curriculum 增加知识做学术研究大学职能理论知识提高学习能力扩宽视野获得更多知识和经验把握机会职业前景好的前景毕业Graduate unemployment毕业生失业率Private fostering收养孩子Guardianship监护权Close family member近亲Birth parents亲生父母Responsible adult靠谱的成年人Fertility watching生育监管机构Target针对小孩Affect consumers’shopping habits and product preferencesCustomer-focusedBoost one’s confidence in(products) Satisfy one’s needPerform important functionsPress baronsMedia exposureThe right to free speech and a free pressThe illegal useViolent crimesRace violenceGun controlGun violenceCriminal offenceBreak the lawDisobey the lawDo something outside the law DelinquencyCrimesCommit suicideReduce crimeCombat crimeCurbDeter Curb Deter +crime+drink driving消费习惯产品偏好以顾客为导向的提高对产品的信心满足需求执行重要功能媒体业巨头媒体曝光言论自由和媒体自由非法使用暴力犯罪种族暴力枪支管制枪支暴力刑事犯罪违法自杀减少犯罪打击犯罪抑制犯罪抑制酒驾Animals which face extinction Be threatened with extinction Endangered speciesKeep these species aliveHuman-caused disturbances Pose a threat to nature habitats 面临灭绝的动物面临灭绝濒危物种保持物种存活人为干扰对自然栖息地构成威胁破坏食物链Destroy/Keep the ecological balance破坏/维持生态平衡Intensive farming密集种植Restrict mobility限制行动Be locked up in cages被关在笼子里Natural behaviour本能Hunting instinct狩猎本能Professional zookeepers专业饲养员Captive breeding programmes圈养繁殖计划Reintroduced to natural habitats重回自然栖息地Preserve biodiversity保护物种多样性Funding for conservation动物保护基金Male-dominated word Fulfil oneself 男人占主导位置的世界(男人支配)实现抱负Rear a child(alone)抚养小孩The focus of public concern Central questionThe inescapable fact is that…Open to discussionThe former/latterTradeofide withSupportersPros and consOutline the cause(of) Propose solutionsTacklandle+the problems Deal withTake measuresto 公众关注焦点核心问题无法回避的问题是值得商榷前者or后者折中条件支持支持者优缺点The pros and cons of…will be discussed below概括原因提出解决方法处理问题采取措施There are many measures we can take to solve this problem,我们可以采取很多措施解决这一问题Deserve immediate attentionPose a threat toPose a potential menaceMake concerted efforts to齐心协力Everything go on as usualLay a foundation forHave a lifelong impact on…Non-essential…The proliferation of…The adequacy of…应立即得到注意and some of them deserve immediate attention.立即引起我们的重视对…造成威胁People from different countries should make concerted efforts to solve this problem.一切照常为…奠定基础一生的影响不必要的……的扩散充足的Be crucial to…至关重要Recognize the value of…认识到…的价值In a wayIn generalAs a general ruleIn many casesMore often than notIn most casesNot surprisingly UndoubtedlyIt is undeniable that…There is no denying that…It is generally accepted that…LikewiseMeanwhileBesidesIn additionWhat’s more 在某种情况下一般而言照例通常通常，多半在绝大多数情况下无可置疑的是众所周知的是同样地、也口语其中一些必须Moreover FurthermoreLet aloneLast but not leastIn extreme casesHoweverNonethelessNeverthelessConverselyMeanwhileOn the other handAt the other extremeOn the negative sideOn the positive/plus sideOn the downsideUnder exceptional circumstances Despite these benefits,it is argued that…AlternativelyInsteadRatherConverselyIn compar ison withBy compar isonBy contrastIn contrastThereforeAs suchFor this reasonHenceThusGiven thisIn view of thisThe consequence is that…For exampleFor instanceIn briefIn a wordPut simply 更不必说最后但并不是最不重要的(不要放在段落开头)在极端情况下然而(轻微转折)虽然如此，但是(重度转折)相反地At the same time but in other places另一方面重度转折，引出相反观点的中心句页11To summariseIn conclusionT o sum upIncrease one’s self-confidence=Boost one’s self-confidenceHave a(adj.)impact on(negative=adverse)Mental arithmetic心算能力Spelling out列举P139Refute否定Means mode/form of travel旅行方式Sightseeing观光Imposing tax penalties加税Boosted振兴P143Brought to the forefront放到了最前沿页12。
07-雅思培训-顾家北-词汇-196掌门大大100句翻译89-100-011
翻译89：事实是，一些工作已经被砍掉，因为机械化的原因89.The fact is that some jobs have been cut down,because of the mechanization.正确的句子：The fact is that some jobs have been made redundant because of mechanization.句子结构：表语从句，主语（The fact），that引导的从句作is的表语mechanization不可数词伙：redundant jobs 多余的工作Cut down trees砍树cut down the budget削减（开支）cut off some jobs/workIn fact事实上翻译:90：确实如此，现在很多人选择走向环保和减少能源的使用。
90.It is true that a large number of poeple chooose to go green and reduce the use of energy.正确的句子：It is true that many people today have chosen to go green and cut down on the use of energy.句子结构：主语从句，it是形式宾语词伙：cut down（on可省略）/reduce /limit the use of energy 减少能源的使用go green 环保翻译91：判刑对年轻人是有伤害，因为这么一个事实：犯罪的记录会给他们职业留下阴影。
91.It’s harmful for the youth to be sentenced ,for this fact,the criminal record may cast along shadow on their career.正确的句子：A prison sentence can be damaging to young people, due to the fact that the criminal r ecord can cast a long shadow on their career.句子结构：the criminal record can cast a long shadow on their career是Fact的同位语，criminal record（可数）不能裸奔，可加the ，profession和career不要混用有区别词伙：damage 有害，have a damaging impact on sth 有毁坏性的影响a prison sentence 判刑cast a long shadow on（over） their career给职业留下阴影the criminal record（可数）翻译92我相信快餐广告和肥胖的普遍有直接的关系92.I believe that fast food adversiments direct link with obesity.正确的句子：I believe that there is a direct link between fast food advertisements and rising levels o f obesity.句子结构：宾语从句relationship表示人与人之间的关系词伙：fast food adversiments快餐广告levels of obesity肥胖（obesity不可数overweight（adj.）connect sth to sth翻译93.政府的资金也可以用于污染清理工作，这可以创造一个舒适的环境ernment funding could be used to cleanup pollution,this can creat a comfortable environment.正确的句子：Money can be used for clean-up operation, which can helpcreate a pleasant environment.句子结构：主语（Money）+谓语（be used，被动态）+补语（for clean-up operation）词伙：clean-up operation清理工作a pleasant environment 舒服的环境Be used for sth./be used to do sth.Disposal of waste垃圾处理（waste不可数）翻译94 很必要加强管制一些广告，这些广告鼓励消费者买一些自己不需要的东西94.It’s necessary to regulatory mandates some advertisements which encourage consumers by something they don’t need.正确的句子：It is necessary to censor some advertisements which encourage people to buy more than they need.句子结构：形式主语（it）+系动词（is）+表语（necessary）+真正的主语（to do 不定式）Which引导限制性定语从句，先行词是advertisements，充当从句encourage的主语词伙：censor some advertisements 监管广告（censor比较极端，通常指控制杜绝）put /impose restrictions on 替代censor 监管，管制翻译95这会有助于提高空气质量，这也降低了一些健康问题的风险，比如呼吸道疾病95.It’s benefical to improving air quality and also can reduce the risk of health problems ,such as respiratory diseases.正确的句子：This can help to improve air quality, which can reduce the risk of suffering health problems such as respiratory diseases.句子结构：主语（this）+谓语（help）+宾语（to do不定式）+宾补（air quality）Which引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整句话词伙：Quality 作品质可数如leadership qualities领导能力，领导品质air quality前面不要加theSuffer既可以作及物动词也可以做不及物动词，suffer+N 经历...suffer an unpleasant experience,suffer a problem 经历suffer from loneliness and isolation 感受到孤独翻译96当局应该控制这些夸张报道社会问题的新闻94.Authorities should control those news which exaggerated report social problems.正确的句子：Authorities should censor those news reports which give an exaggerated account of so me social problems.句子结构：主语（Authorities）+谓语（censor）+宾语（news reports）Which引导定语从句，先行词是news reports词伙：Authorities有政治行政权力的政府Give an exaggerated account of = sensationalise不要用control 用regulate 或者censor翻译97媒体喜欢报道暴力犯罪，因为可以吸引观众97.Media prefer to reports violent crimes ,which can attract audiences.正确的句子：The media prefer to report violent crimes, which can help attract viewers.句子结构：主语（The media）+谓语（prefer）+宾语（to do不定式）+宾补（violent crimes）Which引导定语从句，先行词是violent crimes，充当从句can help的主语词伙：media是复数名词medium单数名词，media前一定要加The news media新闻媒体The mass media大众媒体Receive media attention得到媒体关注Audience是个集体名词，谓语用复数，常指看电影，看剧的观众violent crimes暴力犯罪翻译96当局应该控制这些夸张报道社会问题的新闻98.It’s the reason why clerical workers always unhealthy in nowadays.正确的句子：It is the reason why many clerical workers today suffer health problems.句子结构：主语（It）+系动词（is）+表语（the reason）Why（=for which）引导定语从句，先行词是the reason，充当从句for的宾语词伙：white-collar workers 白领clerical workers文员desk jobs 办公室工作Suffer loss/damage/injury/painSuffer from+疾病更多Suffer health problems翻译99：许多员工愿意在那些可以获得晋升机会(promotional opportunities)的公司工作。
顾家北雅思 复盘
顾家北6月20日22:00Mobile phones have made life easier: anyone can use a mobile phone to answer/make work calls or home calls at any place 7 days a week. Do you think this development has more positive effects or negative effects on the individual and society?A 使用手机B 方便C 增加效率improve efficiency solve problems face-to-face communication qualitytime , activities for leisureA B 在家里工作C 可以担负更多家庭责任New communication technology working peopledomestic responsibilities.do household choresjuggle work and family responsibilitieshigher levels of job satisfaction.A B 私人时间会被影响C 压力大after normal working hourspersonal liferelieve pressureworking lifepoor healthhold back development不看范文，自己思考拓展方法写，可以使用词伙，也可以不使用大家对上课的方式有什么建议和意见也可以提。
希望提高词伙，练习ABC和口语拓展的同学，可以参加25日开始的预测班。
顾家北6月21日15:58复盘的要求：1 不看范文，可以使用词伙，也可以不使用，自己写出来2 要写ABC，还有确定至少两种拓展方法（按照我上课的方式）3 规定时间（大概8分钟一段）这样的复盘才有意义和感觉！005同学，大概是6.5分大家写的时候记得不要看范文，一定要自己写，才有感觉Over the past decades, mobile devices have become convenient for us to commute with colleagues, friends and families. I believe that the effect of using mobile phones is positive.Using mobile phone can improve efficiency. People could keep in touch with others whenever they want. It makes our life easier and saves our time. People exchange the information by using phones, instead of go to somewhere to have a face-to-face communication. It is beneficial for the person who is afraid of talking to others in person.This new communication technology also enables working people take on more family responsibilities. People can work from home and commute with office by the phone. This work pattern has made it easierfor the people who have to do household chores and look after babies. Particularly for the working mothers who intend to juggle work and family responsibilities （这个不是句子）.On the other hand, mobile phone can put people under pressures. They have to answer the phone calls after normal working hours and standby all the time, which can have a negative effect on their personal life. They do not have enough time to rest and relieve stress. It will lead to a bad result of their health （没有这个表达）.In conclusion, I believe that mobile phone paly a positive role in modern life. Although it still cause some pressure problems （这是个从句，不是主句）.。
(精华)顾家北手把手词伙整理和总结
再分配
income redistribution
经济过热
economic overheating
隔阂感
a feeling of isolation
主流学生
mainstream students
积极和自律
motivation and self discipline
学习效果
learning outcomes
养成好的生活习惯maintain a healthy lifestyle
符合社会要求 adhere to code of condect
好的动手能力 first-hand knowledge
文化差异
culture specific
有意义和成功的人meaningful and fulfilling life
出于公共安全考虑on the grounds of public safety
与普遍观念不同 contract to popular belief
合理的决定
well-informed decisions
免费入场
free admission
随意地
as they please
跨越国界
across boundaries
急需
in desperate need of
用积极地眼光 in a positive light
消除语言障碍 bridge the language gap
政府赞助
government sponsorship
家庭背景不好的 of low socio-economic status
背景好的
of higher socio-economic status
顾家北词伙书如何使用
顾家北词伙书如何使用
1.确定学习目标：在使用顾家北词伙书之前，需要明确自己的学习目标，比如是为了扩大词汇量，提高语言表达能力，还是为了备考英语考试等。
2. 熟悉词汇分类：顾家北词伙书按照词汇的不同分类方式，将单词分为了不同的词汇类型，包括名词、动词、形容词、副词等，熟悉这些分类可以帮助我们更好地理解和记忆单词。
3. 制定学习计划：根据自己的学习目标和时间安排，制定合理的学习计划，比如每天学习一定数量的单词，或者每周安排一定的学习时间等。
4. 结合实际场景学习：顾家北词伙书提供了很多实际场景下常用的单词和短语，我们可以结合自己的实际情况进行学习，比如学习商务英语或者旅游英语等。
5. 多种方式记忆单词：为了更好地记忆单词，我们可以采用多种方式，比如背诵、默写、造句等，还可以结合图片、音频等多媒体资源进行学习。
6. 坚持学习和复习：学习英语需要坚持和持之以恒，不仅要定期进行复习，还要不断地积累和拓展自己的词汇量，才能够取得显著的进步。
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顾家北最新雅思写作课程
何琼01.10听力技巧班链接:/s/1kTyTN19密码:53cr技巧班F71446ECE401A35DFD5818FE5C7CB71C5FE09B25F0CAD80F26何琼0208精听链接:/s/1o6FIVe6密码:s2752月最新多素材/s/1gdFrrsJ 密码: ofbm教主1.23听力预测班链接:/s/1sjlkyk9密码:ledf 老龚1.24阅读预测班链接:/s/1bncP0QV密码:pi2t乐静1.4精读班链接:/s/1gdDVeVL密码:8d91顾家北0106精品班链接:/s/1pJjmuqZ密码:xpsk0115词伙班链接:/s/1hqn45X6密码:m9tt我预测/s/148Zbh 密码: 8pnz梅晗12.1期雅思词汇速记班（词霸营）：链接:/s/1hqJrZ5E密码:dyiq顾12月链接:/s/1pGc5E密码:5mdy顾家北写作精品班链接: /s/1im0Y4密码:y8lb顾家北词伙班链接: /s/1b0Sbz密码:9nkn顾家北链接:/s/1uuUG5密码:78af施正南链接:/s/15kqmN 密码:67i5Frank 结构/share/link?shareid=3307952678&uk=253641 3184密码:a3lb乐静阅读强化班链接:/share/link?shareid=2971998998&uk=3912698421 提取密码:appc钱多多/share/link?shareid=599383427&uk=2536413184密码:kljyfrank黄瀚生9月口语预测班/share/link?shareid=3646640594&uk=691022789密码:dwwg王陆8.18期听力高分班链接:/share/link?shareid=3303720425&uk=2805054812 密码:g1wq刘洪波阅读高分真经班链接:/share/link?shareid=3087556391&uk=1630537046密码:wjtp李慧芳听力链接:/s/165WOP密码:qhwy资料杂/share/link?shareid=948196463&uk=3728210677 密码:55oa2个链接雅思网资料下载链接和密码链接:/share/link?shareid=3251491465&uk=2669818586 密码:calp。
顾家北最新雅思写作课程5篇
顾家北最新雅思写作课程5篇第一篇：顾家北最新雅思写作课程技巧班F71446ECE401A35DFD5818FE5C7CB71C5FE09B25F0CAD80F26 教主1.23听力预测班链接:老龚1.24阅读预测班链接:码: pi2t顾家北0106精品班链接:码: xpsk我预测梅晗12.1期雅思词汇速记班（词霸营）：链接:顾12月链接:顾家北施正南Frank 结构乐静阅读强化班钱多多frank黄瀚生9月口语预测班王陆8.18期听力高分班链刘洪波阅读高分真经班链密码:wjtp李慧芳听力资料杂2个链接雅思网资料下载链接和密码第二篇：Shrhqa雅思写作课程教案Time will pierce the surface or youth, will be on the beautyof the ditch dug a shallow groove;Jane will eat rare!A born beauty, anything to escape his sickle sweep.--ShakespeareIELTS Writing雅思写作课程教案Foreign Language Teaching and Research DepartmentHeilongjiang University第三篇：雅思写作School teachers used to be the source of information.However，some people argue that teachers are not as important as before because there is an increasing variety of information resources.What is your opinion?(08年4月24日考题)要对上面的句子进行重新描述，最简单的就是用同义词替换，请看下表：Know: recognizecomprehendgraspunderstandrealize 3.使用短语进行替换Some say that building more roads will help reduce the traffic congestion in big cities.Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this.Do you support or oppose this statement? 在这一段话里，可以替换的短语如下所示:英特网对我们的日常生活带来很大的影响。
顾家北手把手教你雅思写作(5 0版)
读书笔记模板
01 思维导图
目录分析 05 读书笔记
目录
02 内容摘要 04 作者介绍 06 精彩摘录
思维导图
本书关键字分析思维导图
雅思
剑
版
学习
写作
书信
范文
写作
作文
范文 作文
第章
雅思
雅思
考试
图表
评分标准
书信
攻略
内容摘要
纸质版已经更新至6.0版本，本书可以作为6.0的预备学习内容。全书包括四章和四个附录，适合所有参加雅 思考试的学生。第1章主要讲述雅思写作及学习方法。第2章为雅思大作文（Task 2）攻略。本章从评分标准入手， 通过分析考官范文加以理论印证。以此为依据，介绍大作文（Task 2）的学习要点和本书使用方法。通过22篇高 分范文的精炼过程，完整覆盖了雅思写作题库，并将雅思写作高分应对策略结合实战详细阐述。在后面的章节里 总结了雅思大作文常见语法错误；提供了丰富的句子翻译练习。并总结了雅思大作文考生常问问题和误区。在第3 章里依然紧扣评分标准、分析考官范文，并概括了雅思普通图表作文的写作要点和顺序，详细覆盖所有题型和整 个题库。总结了图表作文学生常问问题以及流程图写作攻略。在第4章书信写作攻略里，仍然用评分标准和考官范 围为起点，讲述信件完成的步骤，各种书信写法，并提供了15篇范文。总结了书信的常用语。附录为词伙一览表、 顾家北老师考场范文、分图表作文范文和分书信作文范文。扫描本书二维码，可以获得配套音频和补充学习资料。
4.3《剑10》考官范 文的分析
4.4雅思普通图表作 文的写作要点和顺序
4.5图表作文其他学 生常问问题的讲解
4.6图表作文常见错 误汇总
07.(精华)顾家北手把手词伙整理和总结
合理的决定
well-informed decisions
免费入场
free admission
随意地
as they please
跨越国界
across boundaries
减少环境压力 reduce the strain on environment
最前沿
brought to the forefront
改造方法
correctional method
改造计划
rehabilitation programs
重犯
habitual offenders
潜在的罪犯
prospective offenders
惯犯
repeat criminals
连环杀人犯
serial killers
重新回到社会 reintegrate into society
主流学生
mainstream students
积极和自律
motivation and self discipline
学习效果
learning outcomes
技术革新
technological innovation
疏远感
sense of alienation
习惯于
be accustomed to
充分利用
惯犯
repeat offenders
同伴的压力
peer pressure
一时冲动
on the spur of the moment
造成严重的伤亡 cause serious injury or death
有震慑力
has deterrent effects
严厉刑罚
顾家北词伙(1000多个,各个类别全)
在幼儿园/在托儿所
112 start primary school
开始上小学
113 provide rich language experiences
提供丰富的语言交流机会
114 feel like outsiders
感觉像外人
115 have a bilingual ability
双语能力
116 speak a mixture of two languages
在科技进步的强大推进力
156 come with an environmental price-tag 有环境的代价
157 the environmental cost
11 serve as decoration
作为装饰
12 afford spiritual enrichment
丰富的精神生活
13 means of artistic expression
艺术表现形式
14 camera images
相机中的图像
15 handmade creations
手工创作
16 handmade works of art
81 exact definition
确切的定义
82 achieve standards
达到标准
83 meet targets and deadlines
满足目标和期限
84 progress in my career
在我职业生涯的进步
85 a sense of achievement
成就感
86 exceptional abilities
让就业前景更光明
107 monolingual schoolmates
小绿书5.0版全文翻译的词伙提示(完整版)_顾家北手把手教你雅思写作5.0
小绿书5.0版全文翻译的词伙提示（完整版）小绿书5.0版全文翻译1的词伙提示句1词伙提示：obey different rules/follow rules句2词伙提示：strict discipline, have an adverse impaction/limit the development of, problem-solving abilities句3词伙提示：hold somebody accountable for/be responsible for, develop good behavior patterns/exhibit good behavior, from a young age句4词伙提示：be aware of/be conscious of, bad behavior, set rules, behave in a socially acceptable way/behavioral norms句5词伙提示：greet others, make polite requests, show table manners句6词伙提示：forbid inappropriate behaviors, use profanity/speak rudely, interrupt teachers句7词伙提示：have a positive influence on/have a positive impact on, establish the strict rules, give priority to句8词伙提示：rely heavily on, solve problems/tackle problems句9词伙提示：manage time, cope with demands/meet requirements句10词伙提示：have a fulfilling career, achieve succession, succeed in句11词伙提示：stifle one’s creativity/limit imagination句12词伙提示：put one’s ideas into practice, disobey rules/fail to comply with rules句13词伙提示：write essays, express one’s ideas/thoughts句14词伙提示：in the real world/in the workplace, use imagination小绿书5.0版全文翻译2的词伙提示句1词伙提示：technological advances, technological development, accumulate wealth, become better off, life expectancy, live longerlives句2词伙提示：senior citizens, older people, contribute significantly to society, demographic change, cause problems, problems arise from句3词伙提示：population ageing, an ageing population, medical costs, impose a burden/add a burden句4词伙提示：medical needs, medical costs,medical expenses, in the last years of life, in later decades句5词伙提示：care for/look after, vitalservices, essential services, underfunded/ short of money句6词伙提示：slow pace of work, seniorworkers, workers in their 50s句7词伙提示：with age, as people age,absorb information/knowledge, complete work, perform tasks句8词伙提示：delay retirement, put offretirement, younger employees, junior staff句9词伙提示：extend working life, a valuableasset, a productive asset句10词伙提示：live healthier lives, healthyeating, healthy diet句11词伙提示：impart knowledge, pass onskills to, share knowledge with句12词伙提示：manage a company, run abusiness, provide good services, high quality services句13词伙提示：extension of life expectancy,increase in life expectancy, put strains on, put pressure on, reduceproductivity句14词伙提示：economic development/economicgrowth, make good use of, make optimal use of小绿书5.0版全文翻译3的词伙提示句1词伙提示：watch television, educational programmes/informative programmes, an effective method of learning/learning method, audio-visual information, attract students’attention/grab attention, engage their interest句2词伙提示：TV programmes, educational value, increase screen time句3词伙提示：television viewing, interfere with children’s studies句4词伙提示：get distracted easily, without adults’ supervision/presence/guidance句5词伙提示：watch television frequently, concentrate on learning tasks, poor grades/poor academic performance句6词伙提示：attend interactive activities, promote brain development/improve intelligence句7词伙提示：long screen time, havean adverse impact/effect on, social development句8词伙提示：sit in front of TV, play games句9词伙提示：express their views/opinions, understand thoughts/read emotions句10词伙提示：good communication skills, acquire/gain knowledge, draw upon the ideas of, achieve academic success/succeed academically 句11词伙提示：expose children to a world of knowledge句12词伙提示：educational programmes, gain an insight into句13词伙提示：historical events, foreign language channel, acquire foreign languages/learn foreign languages句14词伙提示：complement句15词伙提示：impose restrictions on/restrict, television viewing, endorse this habit句16词伙提示：havean adverse impact on/affect …adversely, improve academic performance/ improveschool grades小绿书5.0版全文翻译4的词伙提示句1词伙提示：for a long time/for along period of time句2词伙提示：throw-away culture, reverse this trend句3词伙提示：increase wealth/accumulate wealth, afford products句4词伙提示：technologicalinnovations/technological progress, mass production, reduce the cost ofproduction, improve the productivity of the workforce/give productivity a boost句5词伙提示：electronic products/devices, at low prices/at a discount,fix broken items句6词伙提示：thelatest/ the newest generation of, up-to-date features句7词伙提示：lack environmentalawareness/not environmentally conscious句8词伙提示：waysof life/lifestyle choices, energy consumption, cause waste/ create waste句9词伙提示：householdappliances/equipment, end up in landfill sites, non-biodegradable products, hasa destructive effect on the environment/cause environmental destruction句10词伙提示:lifestyles sustainable/ go green句11词伙提示：overconsumption ofconsumer goods, take some measures/take action, mitigate this problem句12词伙提示：raisingenvironmental awareness, dispose of products句13词伙提示：environmentalgroups, disseminate the knowledge of, recycle/reuse disposable goods, householdappliances/electrical equipment 句14词伙提示：enforcesome laws/enact laws, deter…from…, throw away goods句15词伙提示：taxpenalty, disposable products, plastic bags, eco-friendly shopping bags句16词伙提示：disposableincome, excessive/relentless consumption of, disposable items句17词伙提示：toaddress/tackle this problem, the top priority, raise people’s awareness ofenvironmental protection, change lifestyles.小绿书5.0版全文翻译5的词伙提示句1词伙提示：rural areas, migrate to cities/move to cities句2词伙提示：find employment/find jobs, enjoy a better quality of life, the movement ofpopulation, urban areas/urban centres,句3词伙提示：flock to cities/live in cities句4词伙提示：job opportunities/employment opportunities, earn more money句5词伙提示：living standards/the standards of living, consumer goods/consumer products句6词伙提示：employment opportunities, underdeveloped industries, buying power/purchasing power句7词伙提示：citydwellers, have access to, public services, health care/medical care, enjoy better standards of living句8词伙提示：send somebody to good schools/receive a good education, break the cycle of poverty句9词伙提示：urban dwellers, put huge pressure on housing and facilities句10词伙提示：accommodate a large population, the shortage of land/land scarce句11词伙提示：end up living in slums, endure poor living conditions, afford home ownership句12词伙提示：poor health, urban facilities, meet the growing demand, clean water, dispose of household waste, manage sewage 句13词伙提示：associated with/related to, a rural-to-urban shift, rural-urban income disparity/regional divergence句14词伙提示：educational and employment opportunities句15词伙提示：the shortage of labour, rural communities, revitalise the local economy/economic regeneration句16词伙提示：commit crimes, the widening gap between rich and poor句17词伙提示：employment prospects, sluggish local economies, the population shift句18词伙提示：a worrying trend小绿书5.0版全文翻译6的词伙提示句1词伙提示：low-cost air travel, travel across borders/travel abroad句2词伙提示：cheap flights/cheap airlines, benefit the masses/benefit the public, unnecessary journeys句3词伙提示：travel to different countries, have a better understanding of, career opportunities/job prospects句4词伙提示：visit other countries, find jobs/find employment, earn higher salaries/earn higher incomes句5词伙提示：discover business opportunities/find business opportunities, earn profits/make money, exporting or importing products 句6词伙提示：miss out on these opportunities, the cost of flights句7词伙提示：raising airfares, reduce the environmental impact, the airlineindustry句8词伙提示：discourage...from, travel great distances/travel a long distance句9词伙提示：greenhouse gases, air flights句10词伙提示：the aviation sector, noise pollution, the environmental destruction句11词伙提示：air services, potential passengers, an affordable holiday句12词伙提示：working people/working adults, lead a hectic life, feel stressed句13词伙提示：air tickets, exotic locations句14词伙提示：tropical countries，sample local food句15词伙提示：impose restrictions on, air travel, cheap airlines句16词伙提示：air companies, technological innovations, reduce the strain of小绿书5.0版全文翻译7的词伙提示句1词伙提示：impose rules on,句2词伙提示：play an important role in, regulate one’s behaviour, strict laws, restrict one’s freedom,句3词伙提示：in chaos, the economy collapses,句4词伙提示：obey traffic regulations, traffic accidents/road accidents, traffic congestion/traffic jams,句5词伙提示：fake products/counterfeit goods, shopping on the internet/shopping online, suffer economically/economy suffers,句6词伙提示：follow moral principles/the code of ethics,conform to social norms/societal norms,develop a relationship/form strong bonds,句7词伙提示：be motivated by self-interest,be harmful to others/do something harmful to others/hurt others,句8词伙提示：betray the trust of friends,work together/cooperate with,be under threat,句9词伙提示：fulfill one’s promises/keep one’s words/abide by one’s words, conduct business,reduce productivity,句10词伙提示：restrain one’s freedom,hamper/hinder/obstruct social progres,句11词伙提示：have restrictions on,the business world,the business activity,句12词伙提示：high income earners,be subject to,high income tax rates,lack motivation to/lack enthusiasm,make greater efforts to,increase one’s income/earnings,句13词伙提示：relax regulations/rules,foster innovations,句14词伙提示：operate well without laws and rules,句15词伙提示：act at will/act freely/do anything as they please,create a society,live in harmony小绿书5.0版全文翻译8的词伙提示第1句词伙提示the advent of the internet,live one’s lives,complete work,work patterns第2句词伙提示a growing number of,an increasing number of ,distance education,complete a degree第3句词伙提示distance learning,traditional college educationreceive education,educational opportunities第5句词伙提示attend lectures,take classes,watch videos第6句词伙提示digest information,click the pause button,replay the video,understand the content/absorb information第7句词伙提示lead a hectic life,live a busy life,have internet access,access to the internet第8句词伙提示online education,communicate with/interact with第9句词伙提示use interactive communication tools,in virtual classes第10句词伙提示get lecturers’ guidance,complete courses第11句词伙提示top universities,prestigious universities第12句词伙提示improve social skills/interpersonal skills/soft skills,group assignments第13句词伙提示complete one’s degree,make friends with/make acquainted with第14句词伙提示build up a network of contacts/enlarge the circle of friends, have a negative impact on,career development/advancement第15句词伙提示distance learning,university education/higher education/college education第16句词伙提示achieve learning outcomes小绿书5.0版全文翻译9的词伙提示第1句词伙提示a financial burden,disposable income第2句词伙提示pay tax,tax revenue第3句词伙提示public facilities,receive funds/get financial support第4句词伙提示a public transport system,travel to and from work,traffic congestion/traffic jams,reduce work efficiency/reduce productivity第5句词伙提示public schools,educational opportunities, gain/acquire knowledge, economic growth/development第6句词伙提示the private sector,the low profit margin第7句词伙提示achieve the goal/objective,income redistribution/wealth redistribution第8句词伙提示the high income group,pay high tax,the low income group,get assistance/receive support第9句词伙提示levy taxes/impose taxes,regulate one’s behaviour第10句词伙提示show self-restraint,change habits/break habits第11句词伙提示the heavy tax on,discourage people from第12句词伙提示improve the well-being of people,ease the pressure/alleviate the pressure,the medical system第13句词伙提示have the incentive to,set up a business/start a business第14句词伙提示improve/raise living standards,gain a sense of accomplishment,have a sense of achievement第15句词伙提示show one’s talents,the welfare system第16句词伙提示the lifeblood of the economy,high taxes,have an adverse effect on,economic growth小绿书5.0版全文翻译10的词伙提示第1词伙提示the next generation/the younger generation,increase knowledge/gain new knowledge,improve employability/acquire job skills第2词伙提示academic subjects,career achievement,the difference/distinctions between right and wrong,working lives/professional life第3词伙提示concentrate on/focus their minds on,core subjects,enter university/attend university第4词伙提示academic courses,a firm grounding,find decent jobs第5词伙提示acquire mathematical skills,build models,analyse data,financial analysts第6词伙提示key disciplines,moral principles,behaviour norms/the code of conduct第7词伙提示impart important virtues into,moral values,motivate the next generation,make good use of/make the most of,contribute positively to第8词伙提示confidential documents第9词伙提示social responsibilities,socially responsible,design safe products,第10词伙提示perform well in exams/ good performance at school,have a moral compass,achieve success第11词伙提示distinguish right from wrong/boundaries of behaviour/differences between acceptable and unacceptable behaviour, the younger generation第12词伙提示learn politeness,social rules/social norms,get along well with,develop a strong working relationship第13词伙提示fast food/junk food,cause obesity第14词伙提示interfere with studies,career achievement小绿书5.0版全文翻译11的词伙提示第1句词伙提示government funding,struggle with,budget deficits/budget constraints第2句词伙提示give priority to,have a budget surplus,fund the arts,support the arts financially第3句词伙提示public funds,artistic appeal,visually attractive/spectacularpublic places/public spaces第5句词伙提示the art industry,architectural styles,enjoy urban life第6句词伙提示exposure to artworks,reduce the pressure/reduce stress,put somebody in a good mood第7句词伙提示public money,public funds第8句词伙提示water and electricity supply networks, living standards,the standard of living第9句词伙提示good sanitation,improve public health,reduce diseases,disseminate knowledge,improve job prospects第10句词伙提示luxury items/lavish goods,tangible benefits第11句词伙提示promote economy development，grow the economy第12句词伙提示the transport system,improve productivity,daily commuting,high-speed railway systems,deliver cargo第13句词伙提示attract investment/lure investment, experience an improvement in the standard of living 第14句词伙提示create returns/generate an immediate financial payoff,in a short time第15句词伙提示the wellbeing of the general public,artistic projects小绿书5.0版全文翻译12的词伙提示volunteer work,unpaid work第2句词伙提示unpaid work,be of great value第3句词伙提示community service,develop positive qualities第4句词伙提示be confronted with challenges,voluntary services第5句词伙提示raise funds,organise events,communicate with benefactors第6句词伙提示boost one’s confidence/improve one’s confidence, improve one’s problem-solving abilities第7句词伙提示the younger generation,learn responsibility,develop a sense of responsibility,find enjoyment,serve the community第8句词伙提示a sense of community,make a positive difference to第9句词伙提示Receive a good education,make a fair and happy society,promote fairness第10句词伙提示create a closely-knit community第11句词伙提示rule out the possibility,a wasteful use第12句词伙提示volunteer work programmes,a rewarding experience,educational value第13句词伙提示devote time to do/spend time on doing第14句词伙提示take away one’s study time,interfere with one’s study/interrupt one’s study第15句词伙提示take away one’s study time,interfere with one’s study/interrupt one’s study第16句词伙提示sharpen skills,improve job prospects,improve social progress第17句词伙提示suit one’needs/satisfy one’s needs小绿书5.0版全文翻译13的词伙提示第1句词伙提示impose sentences,commit offence/commit serious crime,a correctional method第2句词伙提示reform offenders/rehabilitate offenders第3句词伙提示stiff sentences,have a deterrent effect on/act as a deterrent,prospective offenders,habitual offenders/repeat offenders第4句词伙提示violate laws/break lows,lose freedom,take a consequence第5句词伙提示the criminal record/criminal history第6句词伙提示commit crimes第7句词伙提示a prison term,fight crime/combat crime,community service第8句词伙提示minor crimes/petty crimes,law-abiding citizens第9句词伙提示be sentenced to prison,pose a threat to/pose risks to第10句词伙提示educational opportunities,vocational training,interpersonal skills/soft skills,job skills/practical skills第11句词伙提示juvenile offenders/young criminals,first-time offenders,break the law/violate the law,social experience,low socio-economic status/socially disadvantaged第12句词伙提示find work/find employment,understand legal responsibilities第13句词伙提示isolate criminals from society,acquire practical skills,reintegrate into society第14句词伙提示the harsh penalty/severe punishment,deter crime第15句词伙提示rehabilitation programs,build a happy and stable society小绿书5.0版全文翻译14的词伙提示第1句词伙提示university students/college students,share a flat/share accommodation,university accommodation第2句词伙提示a rite of passage,maintain day-to-day contact with,keep in touch with第3句词伙提示live an independent life第4句词伙提示develop life skills,do housekeeping/do house chores,manage finances,get along with flatmates/roommates第5句词伙提示handle matters/conduct tasks,in the workplace第6句词伙提示keep everything organized,clean/tidy one’s bedrooms第7句词伙提示college students,enjoy freedom,social life,make friends/initiate new friendships第8句词伙提示do a wide range of activities/take part in some activities第9句词伙提示go to the gym,attend lectures,do assignments,do part-time work第10句词伙提示improve social skills,draw upon personal resources第11句词伙提示the emotional tie/the emotional bonds第12句词伙提示keep up to date with the news第13句词伙提示feel helpless,solve problems第14句词伙提示the attitude towards family life第15句词伙提示family relationship小绿书5.0版全文翻译15的词伙提示第1句词伙提示frequent fast-food restaurants/outlets,the fast pace of life,irregular working hours第2句词伙提示pose a threat to，traditional cuisine/means of food preparation，put emphasis on，arise from第3句词伙提示a health issue/health problem，overweight people/obesity epidemic第4句词伙提示be high in fat，sugar，salt and calories，in large portions第5句词伙提示suffer from obesity，contract heart diseases/have cardiovascular disease，normal-weight people第6句词伙提示pour money in/invest money in，the medical system，have an adverse/a negative effect on，the economic development/hold back the economy第7句词伙提示affect one’s ways of life，dietary habits第8句词伙提示food preparation，cooking styles，traditional dishes第9句词伙提示fast food chains，fried chicken第10句词伙提示traditional recipes第11句词伙提示family relationship/family bonds，family meals，family gatherings/get-togethers第12句词伙提示improve mutual understanding第13句词伙提示eat outside，keep up to date with，family issues，emotional needs第14句词伙提示become dispersed，feel lonely and helpless，in daily lives第15句词伙提示fast food/convenient food/pre-prepared meal第16句词伙提示cuisine culture，social relationships小绿书5.0版全文翻译16的词伙提示第1句词伙提示have different views about/mixed feelings about/ people are divided over, theoretical knowledge,第2句词伙提示due to the fact that,a considerable number of,receive a university education,achieve success in careers第3句词伙提示a fulfilling career第4句词伙提示gain a full understanding of/ have a good grasp of,build expertise第5句词伙提示identify therapies/medical treatment,mental health problems第6句词伙提示empirical knowledge,practical implications,good prospects,earn a fortune,advance innovations/push innovation forward第7句词伙提示learn theories,improve problem-solving abilities,exercise creative potential/show creativity第8句词伙提示improve research skills,collect information,different subject matters第9句词伙提示theoretical knowledge,broaden people’s minds,improve critical thinking skills,push forward the boundaries of knowledge第10句词伙提示go to university/college,receive practical training,deal with general problems,in the face of unusual problems第11句词伙提示the only determinant of success/element in success/ a key factor in success. 第12句词伙提示第13句词伙提示overcome difficulties,cooperate/collaborate with others,achieve success第14句词伙提示social network/a network of frriends,receive information/gain information,draw upon ideas,gain access to resources第15句词伙提示maintain a good relationship with第16句词伙提示higher education,handle problems,acquire knowledge第17句词伙提示social relationships/personal resources小绿书5.0版全文翻译17的词伙提示第1句词伙提示receive a university education/college education,find work/employment第2句词伙提示increase the investment in/spending on,high tuition/cost of learning第3句词伙提示pay tuition,students from disadvantaged backgrounds/from less well-off backgrounds, financial help/support第4句词伙提示study hard,cherish this valuable/precious opportunity第5句词伙提示finish assignments,pass exams,obtain the degree/gain qualifications.第6句词伙提示bear the cost,provide free tuition,take it for granted,fail exams.第7句词伙提示lighten/reduce the burden onallocate/divert resources to,middle or primary education,reduce/eliminate illiteracy,attend university第9句词伙提示postgraduate courses,provide subsidies,technological advances/ development,promote technological innovation第10句词伙提示low income families,exempt from tuition,第11句词伙提示attend university/college,improve skills,acquire skills,increase knowledge第12句词伙提示close the wealth gap,economic divide,create a fair/equitable society第13句词伙提示drop out of university,explore/reach potential.第14句词伙提示educational opportunities,have access to education第15句词伙提示disadvantaged students/students from poor homes,abolish tuition小绿书5.0版全文翻译18的词伙提示第1句词伙提示are exposed to advertisements,in the modern world/in today’s world第2句词伙提示video games第3句词伙提示advertisements aimed at children/directed at children.第4句词伙提示advertisement campaigns directed at children,pester/nag parents to do sth.第5句词伙提示satisfy/fill/meet sb’s needs第6句词伙提示be obsessed with,fashionable clothes/stylish clothes第7句词伙提示put low income families under pressure,be bombarded with advertisements/overwhelmed with第8句词伙提示be responsible for,behavioural problems,lifestyle issues第9句词伙提示be overwhelmed by,fast food advertisements第10句词伙提示lose temper easily/ bad-tempered,violent electronic games,advertising firms第11句词伙提示pose a threat to health,pose health risks,endanger one’s health第12句词伙提示recognise the advantages第13句词伙提示disseminate information about,nourishing food第14句词伙提示sth. of educational value第15句词伙提示purchase the best products,make the best purchases第16句词伙提示the tight control over,tight regulation on第17句词伙提示promote good products小绿书5.0版全文翻译19的词伙提示第1句词伙提示the world is globalised,the exchange of commodities,across the border,at an astounding rate第2句词伙提示living standards,improvements in the standard of living第3句词伙提示goods imported from overseas/imported goods,competitively priced/at a highly affordable cost第4句词伙提示export goods,reduce the cost of production/manufacturing cost,affordable products第5句词伙提示textile products,many parts of the world第6句词伙提示imported goods,challenge domestic manufacturers’ dominance/break monopoly,intensify competition/encourage competition,cut prices/lower prices第7句词伙提示domestic customers,the cost of living/living expenses第8句词伙提示have diverse options/alternatives第9句词伙提示alleviate the food shortage,abnormal weather/unpredictable weather第10句词伙提示excessive reliance on,underdevelopment of some domestic industries/homegrown companies第11句词伙提示go bankrupt,go out of business第12句词伙提示be harmful/detrimental to,a self-contained economy小绿书5.0版全文翻译20的词伙提示句1 词伙提示： at the present time/in modern times, aglobal language/an international language句2 词伙提示：itis worth mentioning that…, its negative effect句3 词伙提示：be viewed in a positive light句4 词伙提示：the extensive use of English,promote international cooperation, a universal language, overcome languagebarriers, in the global setting句5 词伙提示：conduct business together, set upa company/a business, import products,native languages/mother tongue languages句6 词伙提示：the main language/common language,international conferences, academic groups句7 词伙提示： share knowledge and ideas/exchange ideas,complete projects句8 词伙提示：it would be no exaggeration to saythat, the dominance of English, expand knowledge/increase knowledge, broadenhorizons句9 词伙提示： publish articles in English, master thislanguage, on the web/on the Internet, learn about the world句10 词伙提示: have proficiency in twolanguages, travel in different parts of the world with ease, deepen sb’sunderstanding of句 11 词伙提示：themain culprit of/the primary cause of, the loss of language diversity句12 词伙提示：the idea lies in the fact that…,make an effort to do sth., mother tongue/native language句13 词伙提示：the favorite language forinternational media; English-speaking countries;句 14 词伙提示：cultural diversity/rich culture句15 词伙提示：traditional therapies, religiouspractices, traditional ceremonies /rituals句16 词伙提示：play a vital role in/ play a keyrole in句17 词伙提示： endanger some minoritylanguages, not supported with evidence小绿书5.0版全文翻译21的词伙提示句1 词伙提示：(the)healthy lifestyle, has a directbearing on, dignity and well-being句2 词伙提示：lifestylechoices, personalmatter, adopt a healthy lifestyle, the government intervenes句3 词伙提示：how to livetheir lives句4 词伙提示：develop andmaintain healthy habits, bring enjoyment to their lives句5 词伙提示：pay attentionto, fruit and vegetables, keep fit, increase someone’s confidence, in work andsocial lives句6 词伙提示：live underenormous pressure, be obsessed with, follow the government’s lifestyleguideline句7 词伙提示：tighten regulation on somebehaviours, be proven to be damaging to health句8 词伙提示：lack discipline句9 词伙提示：it is commonknowledge that, endanger their health句10 词伙提示: impose thetobacco tax, forbid sb. to do sth., smoke publicly句11 词伙提示：educate the public, offer guidance句12 词伙提示：bewell-informed, ways of life句13 词伙提示：office workers,exercise regularly, launch campaigns, convey the messagethat, a sedentary job,affect health adversely, reduce life expectancy句14 词伙提示：awarenesscampaigns, health problems, eat fast food, healtheating, the nutritionalinformation on food packaging小绿书5.0版全文翻译22的词伙提示句1 词伙提示： in this rapidly changing world/fast-changing world, have a permanent job/stay in the same job forever句2 词伙提示：be dismissed/laid off, take action to, cope with, job security句3 词伙提示：unpredictable factors, the business world, go bankrupt/go out of business句4 词伙提示：in times of economic recession/in tough economic times, lay off some employees/cut jobs, reduce the running cost, lose their jobs 句5 词伙提示：upgrade their skills, meet the requirements of their employers句6 词伙提示：lose employment, the newest generation of software/latest software, keep pace with, the changes in the workplace句7 词伙提示：a varied career, switch jobs, from time to time/every now and then句8 词伙提示：discover talents/where their talents lie, fulfill sb’s potential/reach potential句9 词伙提示：improve skills, increase earnings/earn a higher salary句10 词伙提示: work for start-ups, be trusted with more responsibilities句11 词伙提示：the uncertainty about job prospects, working adults/people in the workforce句12 词伙提示：sharpen our skills, receive education, adapt to an ever-changing world/constantly changing world.句13 词伙提示：acquire/learn a second language, in a globalised world句14 词伙提示：cope with all financial matters/endure economic hardships。
41-雅思培训-顾家北-词汇-026cy课时4-047
课时四38. Some employees are encouraged to break rules正确的句子：Some employees are encouraged to break the mould.词伙：Break rules违法打破常规：break the mould Think creatively/innovativelyAdopt a creative approach Think out of the boxmunting time has became longer because of traffic jams正确的句子：Commuting time has been prolonged because of traffic congestion.词伙：Commuting time上下班时间Commuters 通勤族，上班族Daily commuters Commute to/from/between上下班travel to and from workProlong: to make something last longer延长会话prolong the conversationLengthen: to make something last longer than the usual timeLengthen the timeTraffic congestion/jamsHeavy traffic 交通拥堵(Traffic是不可数名词)交通费congestion charge减少交通reduce/cut traffic避开交通高峰期avoid/miss the traffic堵车了be stuck/caught in the traffic40. Computer skills can be used in study and life正确的句子：Computer skills can be applied in their studies as well as their working lives.Be used into 被用在XX方面电脑知识/素养computer literacyin their studies as well as their working lives.在学习生活中41.Most of environment damaged is attributed to human activities正确的句子：Most of environmental degradation is attributed to human activities.词伙：environmental degradation环境破坏（degradation是不可数名词）human activities人类活动~behavior人类暂时性行为be attributed to sth/d o 归咎于damage破坏（身体/心理）due to=because ofMost of + 加名词的时候要加不可数名词；或者有限定词的可数名词复数(特指的可数名词复数) most of the shopsMost+可数名词复数most people42.many chil dren contact violent content everyday正确的句子：Many children are exposed to violent content every day. 词伙：violent content暴力行为are exposed to接触/暴露在some women are exposed to domestic violence 有些妇女被家暴了Sb exposes him/herself to the sun 晒太阳，自己主动晒everyday（adj.）+n every day(副词做时间状语.)contact 联系，触碰（=touch）43.Family environments are regarded as the most important influence on chil dren’s development.正确的句子：The family environment is widely thought/believed to be/have the most important influence on chil dren’s development.词伙：Be widely thought/believed to be 普遍认为Be recognized as被认为（多为官方认为）have +a/an+adj+impact/influence on 对XX有影响44.With more and more the young participating in volunteer work，community cohesion will be enhanced.正确的句子：With an increasing number of young peopl e participating in volunteer work, community cohesion will be enhanced.词伙：community cohesion社会凝聚力participating in voluntary/volunteer work参加志愿者活动45. Immigration are sometimes regarded as a threat to social cohesion.正确的句子：Immigrants are sometimes recognized/regarded(美式)/recognised（英式）as a threat to social cohesion.词伙：social cohesion社会凝聚力Immigrant是移民的人，immigration是移民这件事情46.The young without tertiary education can just find low-skilled work正确的句子：Young people without tertiary education qualifications normally end up working in low-skilled jobs.词伙：low-skilled work低技术工作end up with sth以XX为结局end up doing sth 结果变成find a job找工作=find employmenta few 有一些few很少tertiary education qualifications 大学教育文凭Qualification [,kwɒlɪfɪ'keɪʃ(ə)n] 是文凭Certificate [sɚˈtɪfɪkɪt]是证书Degree [dɪ'griː]是学位47. Some people are opposed to genetically modified food.正确的句子：Some people disapprove of genetically modified food.词伙：GEfood genetic engineering food 基因工程食品sb disapprove of sth XX反对XX名词修饰名词的例子：News reportsSports starsTourist attractionsGovernment funds48. Tourist sites are trying their best to cater for tourists’ needs and tastes正确的句子：Tourist spots endeavor to cater for tourists' tastes and needs.词伙：旅游景点Tourist spots /attraction/ destinationscenic spot places of interestendeavor to 努力去做XX49. In a highly competitive society, people who have jobs care about the career development正确的句子：In a highly competitive society, working adults usually focus on career advancement.词伙：highly competitive society高竞争社会career advancement.职业前景50. Perception of beauty differs from culture to culture.正确的句子：Perception of beauty differs from culture to culture.词伙：the sense of beauty美感Perception（不可数）of beauty审美观from culture to culture文化差异from generation to generation代代相传。
顾家北雅思写作词伙收集
顾家北雅思写作词伙收集2.4.2老龄化社会Life expectancyPersonal wealthContribute extraordinarily to societyDemographic change人口变化An aging populationHealth care costImpose a burden on taxpayerMedical needsIn the last years of lifeEssential serviceFinancial supportSlow pace of workSenior workersA conservative attitude towardsAdopt cutting-edge technology(前沿科技)Delay retirementProductivityBe a valuable asset to societyImpart their knowledge and skills（传授他们的知识技巧）Draw upon the expertise of older people（借鉴专业知识）Considerable extension of life expectancy寿命的急剧延长2.4.3看电视学习Informative televisionMethod of learningAudio-visual informationEngage their interestsEducational valueIncreasing screen timeInterfere with children’s studiesGet distractedInteractive activitiesPromote brain developmentSit in front of a screenSuffer obesity , poor eyesight and fatigueExpose children to a world of knowledgeCope with the demand ofEducational programmesHistorical eventsAcquire foreign languageImprove their academic performance2.4.4消费社会报告类Throw-away cultureReverse(反转、颠倒) this trend Technological innovationsMass productionReduce the cost ofElectronic productsAt low pricesUp-to-date featuresEnvironmental awarenessEnergy consumptionHousehold appliancesEnd up in landfill sitesNon-biodegradable不可消解的Have a destructive effect onMake lifestyle more sustainableReuse productsConsume goodsPervasive=generalMitigate the problemEnvironmental groupsDisseminate the knowledgeRecycle disposable goods (一次性用品) Enforce some laws to deter consumer from..Tax penaltyDisposable incomeTo address this problem successfully Excessive consumption2.4.5城乡转移Migrate to cities入住城市Find employment and enjoy a better quality of life The movement of populationDensely populatedJob opportunitiesEarn more moneyImproving living standardConsumer goodsBuying powerCity dwellersPublic serviceBreak the cycle of povertyAccommodate a large populationThe shortage of landPoor living conditionsAfford home ownershipBe prone to poor healthMeet the growing demand ofDipose of household wasteA rural-to-urban shiftIncome disparityEducational and employment opportunitiesShortage of labourRevitalize(振兴) the locao economyCommit crimes实施犯罪Widening gapPoor employment prospectsSluggish local economyWorrying tend2.4.6廉价航空服务Across borders跨国界Unnecessary journeys不要的旅行Travel all over the world 周游世界Experience different cultures体验不同文化Broaden one’s horizon扩展某人眼界Earn higher salaries获得更高收入Discover business opportunities发现商机Earn profits获利Raising airfares机票上涨Reduce the environmental impact of减少…对环境的影响The airline industry航空行业Travel great distances to other places去较远的地方旅行Aviation sector航空部门Noise pollution噪音污染Environmental destruction环境破坏Mitigate消除Lead a hectic life生活繁忙Air tickets机票Exotic locations奇异的、吸引人的地方Tropical countriees热带国家Sample local food 品尝当地美食Air companies航空公司Reduce the strain on the environment减小环境压力2.4.7法律和社会Regulate your behaviorRestrict our freedomMaintain order and embrace more opportunitiesTraffic regulationsTraffic accidentTraffic congestionFake productsLawless societyA sense of securityHave a negative impact onIn a peaceful ,closely-kint societyFollow rules and behave in a responsible waySocial normsLive in harmonyBe conscious of business etiquetteKeep voice down when talking on the phone in the workplaceThis also applies to the whole societyLimit freedom and stifle creativityBuilding a prosperous societyHigh income earnersBe subject to high tax ratesLack the information to make greater efforts increase their income Relax regulations to foster innovationsContribute to social progressFrom what has been discussedIt is reasonable to argue that a society cannot operate well Alternatively要不然Be too restrictive…。
顾家北微信推送词伙 2014年10月
顾家北微信推送词伙2014年10月[10.26]Some experts believe thatit is better for children begin learning a foreign language at primary school rather than secondary school. Do the advantages of this outweigh the disadvantages?观点类文章开头段Traditionally, children have begun studying foreign languages at secondary school, but introducing them earlier is recommended by some educationalists. This policy has been adopted by some educational authorities or individual schools, with both positive and negative outcomes.学习点1：这个开头段是两句话，和我们上课说的一样。
背景句的写法是描述一个趋势，也是我们的路数。
学习点2：这个开头段没有表明立场，只是说了正面和负面的影响都有。
也回应了很多同学的问题：“观点类文章要不要给出立场？”学习点3：一些词伙：at secondary school, 在中学educational authorities，政府教育部门[10.25]今天推送的是part3的一个思路和答案，大家是不是发现这个题目的词伙和观点可以用在今天的作文考题？What sorts of jobs are most popular with young people in your country？观点1：在国有企业工作state-owned enterprises原因：稳定的收入steady income结果：生活不错enjoy a high quality of life观点2：在小公司工作small-to-medium enterprises原因：更大的空间发展more opportunities for self-actualisation结果：有成就感a sense of fulfillment观点1：many young people may choose to work for state-owned enterprises or government departments.原因：because these jobs can offer them steady income结果：so they can enjoy a high quality of life观点2：on the other hand, more and more young people may also prefer to work for small-to-medium enterprises in the private sector原因：these companies give them more opportunities for self-actualisation, for example, giving them participating in the decision making process about how to develop new products.结果：they will have a sense of fulfillment[10.24]开头段The pie charts compare the proportions of people falling into three distinct age groups inYemen and Italy in two different years.学习点1：题目是the ages of the populations of Yemen and Italy, 而Simon 的改写是“the proportions of people falling into….”学习点2：其他部分的改写，譬如说pie charts，而不是题目的charts，其实都是很简单的。
顾家北手把手词伙整理和总结
经济过热 隔阂感 三思 行为异常 学习能力 文化水平 虚荣心驱动 接触广告 消费方式 情感健康 民意 专业 时间的限制 不足为奇 归属感 获得好处 榜样 暴力手段 课外活动 全面的发展 因有能力而出名 依靠经验知识 劳动力年龄结构 的变化 寿命
economic overheating a feeling of isolation think twice deviant behaviour intellectual competence literacy skills motivated by vanity advertising exposure consumption habits emotional wellbeing public opinion area of specialism time constraint it comes as no surprise that sense of belonging reap benefits role model violent means extra-‐curricular activities all-‐round development known for the ability to rely on rules of thumb a shift in the age structure of the workforce life expectancy
手把手词伙
environmental degradation 环境恶化 join forces 合力 on a global scale 世界范围的 environmentally friendly 环保 take the initiative 主动 resource commitment 资源的投入 at an astounding rate 以惊人的速度 in desperate need of 急需 in a positive light 用积极地眼光 bridge the language gap 消除语言障碍 government sponsorship 政府赞助 家庭背景不好的 of low socio-‐economic status of higher socio-‐economic status 背景好的 带来不确定因素 add uncertainty to access to education 接受教育 high income earners 高收入人群 freedom of speech 言论自由 act at will 随心所欲 emerging economies 新兴经济 national wealth 国家财富 ever-‐increasing 不断提高的 class conflict 阶级矛盾 以牺牲环境为代价 at environment`s expense at affordable price 更便宜地 access to clean water 干净的水源 buying power 消费力 law enforcement 执法机关 income redistribution 再分配 mainstream students 主流学生 motivation and self discipline 积极和自律 learning outcomes 学习效果 technological innovation 技术革新 sense of alienation 疏远感 be accustomed to 习惯于 take full advantage of 充分利用 food poisoning 食物中毒 spell out 列举 self-‐expresion 自我表达 matter of concern 关注的事情 出于公共安全考虑 on the grounds of public saБайду номын сангаасety 与普遍观念不同 contract to popular belief well-‐informed decisions 合理的决定 free admission 免费入场 as they please 随意地 across boundaries 跨越国界 reduce the strain on environment 减少环境压力 brought to the forefront 最前沿 central question is 核心的问题 trade-‐off 折中条件 soil erosion 水土流失 time conscious 时间观念 nuclear family 核心家庭
顾家北词伙整理 (3)
1、城市化main shopping street商业街in the town centre市中心traffic diverted疏导交通clogs up the main street堵塞主要的街道bring a problem to light曝光问题contract a town planner联系城市规划师a pedestrian street步行街improve the quality of life提高生活标准with outdoor seating室外有座位pleasant place好的地方have a positive knock-on effect好的连锁反应car park停车场on the edge of the pedestrianised zone在步行区的边缘park and ride scheme停行方案pedestrian shopping street步行购物街a series of interconnected avenues一系列相互连通的大街delivery truck货运卡节street-cleaning vehicle街道清洁车pedestrian mall步行街in one's infancy在......的初期阶段/......的雏形be surfaced with cobblestones表面铺有鹅卵石Housing expansion房地产开发Construction of homes房屋建造Residential housing/residential homes住宅An increasing menace日益严重的间题Unintended consequence预料不到的后果Wooded areas林区Factors Contribute to this trend导致这个趋势的因素Hardest hit area受害最严重的地区Fire squads消防队员Fight fires/battle blazes灭火Dry summers干燥的夏天Have significantly below normal precipitation正常降雨量之下Concrete jungles混凝土森林Historic landmarks有历史意义的地标建筑Historic building历史建筑Places of historical interest有历史意义的地方Ancient buildings/heritage buildings古老建筑A built heritage建筑的遗产Preservation of historic sites历史遗址的保存Renovate/repair old buildings翻新老房子Carry out restoration work做维修的工作Tear down/demolish old buildings拆房子Architectural wonders建筑奇观Traditional building skills传统的建筑技能A transport system交通系统Road networks道路系统Public infrastructure公共设施Transport costs交通费用Outer suburbs城市外围的街区Inner suburbs靠近市中心的街区Change the nature of the city改变城市独特特点The explosion in demand for accommodation房子需求的增长Keep pace with urban sprawl跟上城市发展步伐Live at greater distances住得离市中心远Commuting time出行的时间Increase wealth财富增加Viable transport唯一存在的出行方式Bicycle-friendly cities适合骑车的城市High levels of Bicycle usage单车使用率很高preserve the original architecture and landscape保持原来的建筑和景观maintain historic landscape保持历史景观maintain the original culture保持原来的文化remain in the original condition保持原来的状态Overlook the town俯瞰小镇face a river面向河流a unique building style独特的建筑方式architectural monuments建筑史上的丰碑maintain wooden residences保持木建筑unaltered buildings不变的建筑historic homes古屋tiled-roofed顶thatched-roof homes茅屋elegant squares设计优雅的广场open to the public给公众开放dense forest茂密的森林in a mountainous region山区rugged mountains崎岖的山峰forested mountains长满树的山峰steep slopes很陡的山坡rice fields粮田grazed hills放牧的山important sites and monuments重要的遗址和纪念碑in favour of支持；赞成depend on state subsidies依靠国家补贴a shortsighted view一个短视的观点historical and cultural attractions历史文化胜地promote the nation's cultural heritage推广国家的文化遗产insufficient funding资金不足the maintenance of important buildings重要建筑的维护shop owners店主rapid industrialization飞速的工业化进程kept awake被吵醒a quieter environment—个安静的环境cut the volume降低音量make loud noise制造吵闹的噪音received an increasing number of noisecomplaints收到越来越多的噪音投诉toughen regulations加强法规measures will be the toughest空前严厉的法规regulations are more lenient法规相对更宽松puts the economy ahead of everything else将经济置于首位a rise in economic activity经济活动增长a developing economy发展中的经济体the property market boom房地产事业繁荣发展a residential building construction site—个住宅区逢筑工地construction project建筑工程uninhabited mountains无人居住的山脉crammed with shops开满了商店shoe stores鞋店dumpling eateries汤圆馆set off firecrackers放鞭炮renovators装修工人remodel重新装修noise-makers噪音制造者noisy neighbours吵闹的邻居Loud music嘈杂的音乐a source of distress—种困扰endure noisy neighbours容忍着吵闹的邻居play loud music大声播放音乐confront their neighbour和邻居正面冲突embark on a major poster campaign发起一个以海报宣传的运动an effective deterrent—个有效的遏制措施at unsociable hours在休息时间loud parties喧闹的派对feel distress让人烦躁physically ill身体不适burglar alarms going off防盗报警器的响声barking dogs狗吠声late night parties午夜派对the main source of noise complaints噪音投拆的主要问题social problems社会问题improvements in life expectancy平均寿命提高poor housing and homelessness住房条件差和无家可归persistent impact持续的影响tangible impacts明显的影响reduce inequality消除不平等tackle our housing crisis解决我们的住房危机build a better quality of life带来更好的生活质重gain greater independence享受更大程度上的独立health effects对健康产生的影响increases the risks of增加患…病的几率live isolated lives独居Poor energy efficiency能源利用率低fuel costs燃料价格heat their homes使用家庭供暖fuel poverty燃料匮乏a significant contributor to罪魁涡首live in overcrowded homes生活在过度拥挤的家庭里private rented houses个人租借房屋Owner-occupied homes房主自有房have damp受潮reduce demand on traditional health and careservices减少对传统医疗保健服务的需求2、青少年犯罪teenage delinquency青少年犯罪getting into trouble惹麻烦take drugs吸食毒品join gangs加入帮派get into fights斗殴going off the rails(i)误入歧途a detrimental impact不利的影响teenage parents十几岁就有孩子的父母Youth activities青少年活动in a group setting在团队的环境下develop better social and emotional skills培养更好的社交和情绪技能constructive after-school activities有用的课后活动on a voluntary basis在自愿的基础上build a friendship with与…建立友谊3、工作类A fulfilling job很充实的工作A high-powered job很重要的工作A demanding job要求很高的工作Apply for a job申请工作A permanent job永久的工作Take on work承担工作Embark on a career/start a career开始一个职业A career takesoff事业开始爆发A promising career有前景的职业A brilliant career非常辉煌的事业Wreck/ruin one's career毁了人的事业Climb the career ladder职业步步髙升At the height/peak of one’s career在事业的顶峰A stimulating working environment一个很刺激的工作环境Generous benefits员工福利很好A close team一个团结的团队Work closely/Cooperate well with others和人紧密合作Vacancy is filled职位有人顶上social networking giant社交网络巨头touch a nerve说话触及(别人的）神经run the world领导世界get college degrees拥有大学文凭downplay accomplishments将自己的成就淡化fight the instinct to hold back战胜畏缩的天性at the top到了公司高层get a date受邀去约会self-doubt resides deep inside自我怀疑深深根植于内心attribute one's success to将成功归因于in anticipation of having a family预期会有孩子core skills核心能力aim high目标高远seek challenges追求挑战destined for success注定能取得成功a little known start-up—个不出名的新公司make a career decision做一个职业生涯的决定have a full career拥有一个圆满的事业a full life at home一个圆满的家庭elite women女性精英negotiate for raises要求加薪sit at the boardroom table参与董事会议maintain rapid growth保持快速増长second in command二把手get a charmed life生活很成功Increase visibility让大家都看的到Maximise the impact of....将效果发挥到极致Well-suited to teamwork适合团队工作Manage/run a small business经意一个小生意External goals硬指标Impose goals下指标Under adverse conditions在困难的环境下Employee group员工群体Mobile workers流动性很高的员工(经常换工作）Fill a managerial post做管理的职位Clerical workers文员Production workers生产线的员工High achievers表现很好的人（员工，或者学生)Internally motivated积极性很高的Reduce the effort减少努力Personalize rewards将奖励个人化Performance bonuses绩效奖励Place different levels of importance on不同程度上重视4、环境类Habitat loss栖息地消失rising temperatures and habitat degradation气温升高和栖息地退化animal and plant species动植物种类stem the decline in Britain's wildlife遏制英国野生物种的灭绝vulnerable species濒危物种halt and reverse declines遏制和逆转物种消失under threat of extinction濒临灭绝native species本地物种marine species海洋物种Conservationists自然资源保护主义者conservation groups环境保护组织adapt to the country's changing environment适应这个国家的环境变化for generations to come属于后面的世世代代wildlife-friendly farmers关爱野生物种的农民take practical actions釆取实际行动redress that balance恢复平衡offer dues to为…提供线索target conservation actions to把保护环境作为目标来…flowering plants开花植物underwater tunnel水下隧道below the river surface在河流表面之下underneath a navigable river在通航河道之下civil engineering土木工程initial estimates最初估计a major tourist destination一个主要的旅游目的地in recognition of以承认…modern lifestyles现代的生活方式lined with trees成行的绿树create a peaceful,aesthetically pleasingenvironment产生安静、美不胜收的环境increase our quality of life提高生活质量bringing natural elements into urban settings在城市环境増加自然元素gather under the cool shade在凉爽的树荫下聚集historic landmarks历史建筑物a great source of town pride城市的自豪感deflect the sunlight让阳光折射provide oxygen提供氧气improve air quality改善空气质量preserve soil保护土壤fight erosion防止腐蚀hold soil固土absorb and store rainwater吸收和储存雨水reduce runoff减少流失prevent flooding预防水灾enrich soil,使土地肥沃disperse seeds散播种子support wildlife供养野生动物fallen leaves落叶remove dust除尘filter air净化空气absorb pollutants吸收有害物质provide a screen from harsh wind阻挡大风shield us from the downfall of rain为我们遮雨lower air temperature降低气温living creatures生物No two are alike.没有一个是相同的throughout the course of the year在一年时间里as the seasons change随着季节变化with a pleasant,relaxed,comfortable feeling有一种很好很舒适的感觉living memorials of life-changing events纪念人生重要事件的东西make an emotional connection with有情感联系historic trees古树strong bonds很强的联系sentimental value情感的价值Natural resources are running out自然资源正被耗尽Restrict economic growth限制经济发展Accelerate economic growth加快经济发展Slow down economic growth减缓经济发展Release of greenhouse gases温室气体的排放Carbon dioxide emissions二氧化碳的排放Temperature increase温度上升Environmental standards are declining环境标准正在下降Scientific funding科学资助Environmental groups环境保护组织A green organization—个环保组织Bad news坏消息Overstate their arguments夸大他们的论点Exaggerate claims夸大其实Lead to Distortions of perceptions导致错误的观念Wreck tourism破坏旅游业Heating costs暖气费用Run out of places to dispose of waste没有地方弃置垃圾A costly problem_个代价高的间题More pressing problem更为迫切的间题Become seriously ill病重Take a pessimistic view of the world对世界持悲观看法Meet expectations达到期望Mislead readers误导读者Starving people饥饿的人environmental challenges对环境的压力sheer=absolute绝对地drive an increased demand for推动…需求增长boost pressure增添压力double whammy双重打击come with an environmental price-tag有环境的代价the environmental cost环境的代价long-term environmental changes长期环境变化ecological footprint人类的用地urban population is expanding城市人口在増长live a rural life在乡村生活move from the countryside to the city从乡村搬到城市massive migration from areas of low agriculturalproductivity to coastal cities从生产力很落后的乡村迁居到沿海城市urban smog城市的雾霾trash pile up on a street corner街头垃圾堆积fertilizer running from farmland农田肥料排放物Litter on beaches海滩上的垃圾threatened visitors'safety威胁到游客的安全items of rubbish垃圾pieces of litter垃圾碎片it's disheartening that令人沮丧的是there was a strong likelihood that很有可能washed up from the sea从海里冲上岸sensationalised blanket statements哗众取宠的言论reflect the reality of the situation反应现状a true reflection一个真实写照unique geological conditions独特的地质情况total global lava output全球溶岩流出总量high concentration of volcanic activity火山活动高密度区a volcanic hotspot火山频发点sit astride the boundary between横跨…的边界wholly submerged submarine volcanoes完全浸没的海底火山newly formed volcanic islands新形成的火山岛Mid-Atlantic Ridge大西洋中脊Eurasian and North American Plates欧亚和北美板块Greater efficiency in water use节约用水Meet the growing demands满足不断增长的需求Water consumption/water usage用水On an upward trend上升趋势Practiceable ways可行的解决方法Conservation measures节约（资源）的方法Conserve water resources节约水资源Industrial production工业生产Simple changes轻微的变化Industrial processes工业生产A largely untrained rural workforce没有受过很好锻炼的农村劳动力Vast amounts of大量的Water intensive用水很多的Price increases涨价Impose water charges收取水费Charge higher prices for water收取更高的水费Water-saving processes节水方法The oil industry石油行业Bridge the gapbetween water supply anddemand解决水资源的供不应求Cut back on water consumption减少水资源的消耗Drippingtaps不关水龙头Water supply infrastructure水供应的基础设施Interference with the ecosystem破坏生态系统Have a severe effect有严重的影响Large-scale deforestation大规模的破坏森林Forest clearings砍伐树林Renew groundwater补充地下水Sea levels rise海平面上升Water deficit缺水Longer term measures长远的做法Agricultural yield农业的产量Recycle water=utilize used water循环用水Spend heavily on花大量的钱reductions in pollution levels污染程度下降faster flows水流很快improved pollution control污染控制增加improving habitat quality提高动物栖息地的质量clean up pollution from sewage清理污水的污染protect rivers against pollution保护河流免受污染5、教育类parenting/parental style育儿方式a balance of warmth and discipline慈愛和管教并重的家庭教育方式a laissez-faire upbringing自由放任式的养育方式a disengaged upbringing放手不管的养育方式an authoritarian upbringing家长专制的养育方式consistent discipline—贯的约束develop self-regulation自我约束employed a"tough love"approach采用严格的家教skillful parents掌握育儿技巧的家长in pre-school years学龄前shape characteristics塑造性格特点develop the key characteristics养成优良品质show s traits有这样的品质disengaged parents不关注孩子的家长future success日后的成功school curriculum学校课程household materials日常材料essential skills必备技能it's unlikely that做…是不太可能的in one's own time在某人自己的时间provide technical instruction提供技术指导core subjects核心课程help children in later life在日后的人生中帮到孩子们enter the job market进入职场feel the need to感到有…的需求make significant changes to对…做出重大改变push sb.to adapt促使某人适应acquire new knowledge掌握新知识add to one's skill set增加技能a break with与…告别/了断boring and predictable枯燥乏味、早有预料physical and mental health身心健康Exam technique考试技巧get more homework有更多作业the social gap社会差异widen the gap加大差距urban middle classes城市中产阶级Longer homework hours更长的做作业时间top performer出类拔萃的学生homework burden is greater家庭作业压力更大finish their homework完成家庭作业exam pressure考试压力develop character and qualities培养个性和能力challenge the common misconception挑战常见的误解home tutoring家庭辅导well-being is being damaged缺失幸福developing minds正在成长的大脑concentrated sales techniques有针对的销售技巧create a generation产生出一代人chasing unattainable lifestyles追求不可企及的生活shield children from the real world避免孩子接触真实的世界create a culture of material competitiveness形成了攀比物质的氛围promotes acquisitive individualism推崇个人所得主义at the expense of the principles of community以社会道德退化为代价violent video games暴力电子游戏spend more than they can afford入不敷出junk food advertising垃圾食品广告commercial pressures商业化的压力damaging psychological effects有害的心理打击are preoccupied with possessions为物质所困self esteem was being damaged自尊受到伤害negative portrayal of their age group他们年龄段的负面形象curtailing children's freedom剥夺孩子的自由Have a high IQ高的智商Talents are exhausted江郎才尽Go unrecognized and unrewarded默默无闻和没有回报Intellectual development智力发育Musical development音乐能力发展Musicians of genius有天赋的音乐人Artistic development艺术能力发展Methods of upbringing父母培养孩子的方法Members of the priviledged特权阶层There is a thin line between genius and madness 天才和疯子只有一线之差Display courage展现勇气Pay a price in terms of perseverance因为坚持而付出的代价Worth the high personal cost值得付出代价Develop greatness through difficulties宝剑锋从磨砺出Achieve greatness获得极大的成功Natural leaders天生就是领导Genius is inherited/genius runs in families天赋是遗传的Hard to live with很难相处Genius will always reveal itself金子总会发光under incresed pressure压力变大Boarding schools寄宿制学校independent schools私立学校boarding house宿舍girl boarders寄宿的女生attend day schools上走读学校at the height of the banking crisis银行危机影响最恶劣的时候with the best record for university entry有着最好的大学入学率competitive entry to竞争激烈的入学考试poor performing stateschools教学成果差的公立学校sit entrance tests参加入学考试aspirational,pragmatic children有志向的务实的学生achieve good qualifications取得优秀的资质bigger burden on the family purse越来越重的家庭负担luxurious facilities高端设施wider extra-curricular activities更丰富的课余活动gifted academically学习上有天赋smaller class sizes小班教学distinctive factor特点reach exceptional levels of achievements出类拔萃的成绩learning can be personalized制定个性化学习demonstrate their potential展现他们的潜能develop their interests培养他们的兴趣keep discipline维护秩序badly behavioured children表现差的学生made a significant financial investment做出了可观的投资attend a live session直播课watch the recording看录播constrained by time or physical location受时间和地点限制stay self-motivated保持热情Setting own learning goals设定学习目标time commitment时间投入social media tools社交媒体工具course content课程内容high achieving girls成绩很好的女孩mix naturally with the opposite sex与异性自然相处highly motivated girls学习很积极的女孩social skills社交技能unrealistic and even sexist attitudes不切实际甚至男性至上的态度correct any misconceptions纠正错误的想法functioning relationship with a teenage girl与一个十几岁的女孩交好my firm belief is that我坚信deliver better exam results有更好的考试成绩concentrate on academics专心学习as simply friends,not merely potential“dates”看作是普通朋友，而不是潛在“约会对象”Tough exams有难度的考试traditional exams传统考试difficult exams有难度的考试tests are rigorousLearning facts by rote死记硬背知识memorising large amounts of facts and concepts记忆大量事例和概念build memory形成记忆understand context理解背景知识school experience学习生活in a secondary school setting在中学里solidify knowledge巩固知识hard-wired to seek out challenges天性喜欢接受挑战clearing a hurdle扫清障碍display greater creativity更具创造力investment of thought and effort付出思考和努力ethnic minority children can be under-marked少数民族的学生评分较低overcome prejudice and advance equality克服偏见促进平等drawn fierce opposition from引起强烈反对happiness comes from earned success幸福来自于努力所得的with a historical context在历史背景下Maths skills数学技能good at maths擅长数学Maths lessons数学课educational achievement教育的成就the maths curriculum数学课程calculation of fractions计算分数ban calculators from national maths tests数学考试不能用计算器mastering the basics in maths掌握数学的基础raising standards in arithmetic提高算术的要求和标准Educational environment教育环境The quality of the educational backup教育支持的层次Domestic background家庭环境Socially disadvantaged children贫穷的孩子Close relatives关系最亲的家庭成员Verbal interactions with parents和父母的言语交流Reach a high standard达到一个高的标准High examination results很高的考试成绩Outstanding performance出色的表现Reach a high level of expertise达到一个很高的专业水准Intellectual skills学习能力Life successes人生成绩Average ability pupils能力平平的小孩High achievers成绩很好的人High achieving children成就很好的人Low-achievers成绩一般的人Deal with unfamiliar tasks处理不熟悉的人物External regulation外部的约束和纪律Increase self-regulation提高自主学习的能力Diminish learning autonomy减少学习自主性Internal regulation自律Given guidance/direction from teachers老师的指导Demonstrate talent展现天赋Make adjustments in the methods of learning and teaching在教学和学习方法上做出调整Learning strategies学习方法School experience学校的经历/学习生涯Greater demands of effort and time对时间和精力的投入要求更多Positive emotions好的情绪Negative emotions不好的情绪Channel feelings调节情绪Energy is channeled into writing精力放在写作上Facilitate learning促进学习Improve learning efficiency提高学习效率Motivate problem solving behavior激发学生主动解决问题Inhibit learning打消学习积极性Limit the development of curiosity影响学习兴趣和好奇心的发展Increase learning resources增加学习材料A strong force in scientific advance是科学进步的强大推进力at mainstream school在主流学校bad behavior由于不良行为excluded from mainstream education不能接受普通教肓turn around some youngsters'prospects扭转了一些年轻人的前途learning-difficulties学习障碍return to education重返学校kicked out of school被勒令退学thrown out of school被学校退学insult teachers辱骂他的老师argue with teachers和老师顶嘴in the early years在孩子成长早期academic skills学习的技能Formalize learning将学习正式化（就是在正规学校学习）hamper success阻碍成功“teacher-led”education老师主导型教育the desire to learn学习的欲望become the dominant force成为主导力量truly play-based approach注重于和孩子玩耍的教育方法throughout their school life贯穿他们整个学习生涯greater focus on更加重视structured learning系统地学习Students from low income backgrounds来自低收入家庭背景的学生keep pupils interested让学生感兴趣engage pupils使学生投入future is hanging in the balance未来悬而未决there are fears that有人担心one-to-one tuition一对一教学cuts to government spending政府开支的削减reduce the national deficit减少国家财政赤字encourage good communication促进良好沟通a well-rounded education—种全面的教育in school life在校园生活中open their eyes开拓眼界school experience will become increasingly narrow 校园生活将变得越来越单调academic success学术成就school achievement学校的成就buckles down to schoolwork全力以赴投入学业put more effort into their schooling在他们的学业上付出更多努力attended school meetings参加家长会parental influences父母给孩子带来的影响self-starting individuals特别主动的人disciplinary methods管束孩子的方法a perfect circle良性循环Family background家庭背景parental socio-economic background父母的社会经济背景from a more privileged background来自相对更优越的家庭背景improving parental effort增加父母督促其子女学习的努力parenting classes育儿课relationship breakdowns家庭关系破裂stable relationships稳定的家庭关系balance between work and childcare工作和照看孩子间的平衡relationship breaks down家庭关系破裂give tax-breaks免税in the driving seat about...控制/主导parenting skills育儿技巧draw up their own families policy制定自己家庭的规则Family relationship problems家庭关系问题experience difficulties有问题family structure家庭结构Parental conflict父母间的冲突take an increasing role in发挥越发重要的作用greater instability更加不稳定innovative thinkers有创意的人breakthrough innovations突破性创新a long time friend一位老朋友incorporate human behaviour into design将人的行为举止纳入设计infuse the thinking into将思想灌输于unorthodox approach不同寻常的方法wild ideas大胆的创意expand brand拓展品牌ingenious solution聪明的解决方法shape the future勾勒未来students from all disciplines来自不同科目的学生suffer from deadly cancer身患致命的癌症In the first two years of life人生头两年In the rest of their lives余生A child’s early years最早的几年Born with a natural curiosity天生好奇Overcome educational underachievement克服学习不好的问题Pre-school institutions儿童早期教育的机构Succeed in school学校里成功Score highly成绩很好Single parent families单亲家庭Two-parent families双父母家庭Foster intellectual development提高学习能力Intellectual skills学习能力Interfere with development影响发展Educational development学习进步Make greater strides进步更快Verbal ability说话能力Language ability语言能力More advanced in language development语言提高更快Perpetuate this disadvantage让这个问题持续Young people from poorer socio-economic backgrounds来自贫穷背景的年轻人Socio-economic disadvantages社会背景的短板Overcome educational inequity克服教育的不公平Offer subjects提供课程University courses大学课程Take courses选课Art degrees艺术学位Career progression职业发展An improved quality of life生活水准提高Cover knowledge and skill gaps弥补知识和技能的不足Greater prosperity更加富裕preferred area of study学习的领域Areas of knowledge知识的领域Creative thinking skills创造力Practical or technical skills实践或者技术能力Video violence影视暴力The increased rate of bullying霸凌越来越普遍Feel unworthy觉得自己没用In extreme cases在最糟糕的情况下Experience difficulties with interpersonalrelationships个人关系上有问题Physically violent容易打人Anti-social offences破坏社会和治安的行为Clear policy明确的制度Explicit guidelines明确的指引Disseminate policies宣传政策Employ sanctions施加惩罚A common refrain说来说去的话A key step关键的一步Tackle/reduce bullying减少霸凌现象成功的一些素质①责任感/学校和工作都要承担各种责任/敢于做艰难的决定/并且要为自己的决策负责Shoulder responsibilities/make hard choices/accountable for decisions②不懈/不达目的不放弃/一直付出努力Strong willpower/stay focused on goals/consistent in efforts③耐心/敢于接受冒险/能够接受失败和挫折/懂得从失败中学习/喜欢挑战/不喜欢一蹴而就/在乎过程甚于结果Show patience/take risks/overcome setbacks/learn from failures/ignoreget-rich-quick-schemes/more excited about thejourney than the payout④正直/获得别人的尊重Integrity/earn respect⑤热情/有积极的人生态度/不满足做固定的工作Have passion for jobs/a positive outlook on life/do more after completing mandatory tasks⑥踏实/目标实际/发挥自己的长处/规避短板Keep both feet on the ground/set obtainablegoals/avoid weaknesses⑦好学/不安于现状/能够迅速适应市场的变化/获得新的技能Lifelong learners/push themselves out ofcomfort zones/adjust to changes in themarketplace⑧创新/喜欢创造新的东西Come up with new ideas/build sustainablecareers through creativity6、科技、人工智能popular gadgets流行的小玩意cope with the noise/hustle能够忍受噪音/拥挤packed with shops and supermarkets开满了各式商店和超市consumer electronics消费类电子产品sought out cheaper brands寻找更便宜的品牌see things very differently有不同的看法copycat phone山寨手机selling well-known brands出售知名品牌的产品fiercely protective of its intellectual property全力保护其知识产权cavernous building有着许多隔间的建筑scraps of farmland小片农田industrial developers工业开发商sophisticated telecoms equipment先进电信设备Electronics Street电子商品街teeming masses熙熙攘攘的人群demanding consumers高要求的消费者traffic choked intersection交通堵塞十字路口maintain the country's competitive edge保持这个国家的竟争优势industrial robots工业机器人white collar jobs白领工作perform the job完成这个工作human workers工人the age of...has been anticipated…时代早就被预见household help家庭的帮助computerised brains计算机化的大脑compete for jobs为工作竞争robotic kiosks自助售票sales clerks售货员surrend to E-commerce向电子商务投降Routine/middle-skilled jobs日常/中等技能工作structured tasks比较规范化的工作heavily automated warehouses高度自动化合库filll the order完成订单preprogrammed预排程序的bar codes条形码the apparel industry服装产业ferry meals to将食物传递到supplement nurses弥补护士的人手不足adapt to technological change适应变化the beginning of a new era新时代的开端destroy jobs影响工作jobs are eliminated工种被淘汰move jobs offshore去海外工作pace is accelerating加快步伐respond to human speech回应人类的话gather intelligence收集情报fight wars打仗used in real practical applications用于实际应用robot computers机器人电脑influential companies有影响力的公司market capitalisation市值battery-powered cars电池self-driving cars无人驾驶汽车funded by venture capital由风险资本出资flagship product龙头产品automation tidal wave自动化的浪潮the new wave of automation自动化的新浪潮a new start-up新公司a potential market worth...一个值…的潜在市场become self-aware有自知的challenge authority挑战权威one hallmark is that一个特点是I project that我预测it brings to mind想起not surprisingly毫不奇怪that took me by surprise让我大吃一惊to make that concrete具体来说in a manner of speaking在某种程度上说talks in quite a human voice像人一样讲话Manipulating small objects操控小的物件manual dexterity手的灵巧jobs are being automated工作变为自动化perform a much wider range of tasks胜任更多的工作manual labour体力劳动cognitive labour脑力劳动do repetitive jobs做重复性工作white-collar jobs白领工作junior staff初级职工an artificial intelligence program人工智能程序copy intelligent humanbehaviour模仿人类的智能行为a good division of labour很好的分工cognitive skills脑力技能7、电子产品的影响improve behaviour改善行为skipping ropes跳绳learning about sharing学会分享waiting for their turn等轮到他们on-screen games电子游戏learn computer skills学习电脑技能Overlook the importance of忽视…的重要性an adverse effect on对…有不利的影响the drawbacks outweigh the benefits弊大于利transport into virtual worlds传送到虚拟世界real-life pastimes现实生活的消遣logical thinking逻辑思维computer simulation games计算机模拟游戏motor skills操作技能highly addictive极易上瘾的ranging from...to...从…到……console[原]操纵台[引]游戏控制手柄the rise in obesity肥胖率上升in part在某种程度上sedentary lifestyle久坐不动的生活方式potential dangers潜在危险practice vocabulary练习词汇studious pursuits学习的追求essential emotional and intellectual skills基本的情感和智力技能academic achievement学业成绩achieve goals完成目标teamwork abilities团队工作能力hone their communication and interpersonal skills磨练他们沟通和人际交往能力pro-social behaviors有助社交的行为positive social skills积极的社交技能high self-esteem自尊心强peer relationships同伴关系interactive experiences互动体验relieve stress缓解压力therapeutic effects有助健康的效果mental or emotional problems精神或情绪问题tune out the stresses of everyday life anddecompress撇开日常生活中的压力来减压emotional and mental well-being情绪和精神健康boosts memory增强记忆力basic technical skills基础的技术技能coding principles编号原理motivate struggling students激励差生Low-performing students表现差的同学often disengaged from常常脱离make stronger efforts to succeed更加努力来获得成功a happy,meaningful life幸福有意义的生活a building block of…的根基breeds courage培养勇气reduces prejudice and racism减少偏见和种族歧视explore complex ethical and moral problems探究复杂的道德伦理问题grapple with sensitive issues处理敏感问题free from social pressure不受社会压力an individualized learning plan个性化的学习计划learn at their own pace without constant parental oversight按照自己的节奏学习不用受父母持续的监督verbal repetition言语上的重复receive the personal attention and feedback获得个人的关注和反馈digital games数字化游戏8、全球化（学习外语、旅游等）an outbreak of Ebola埃博拉疫情爆发claim dozens of lives夺去了数十人的生命neighbouring countries邻国invisible to the naked eye规看不见left a permanent mark留下了永久的痕迹intimate social interaction亲密的社交互动care for the sick照顾受感染患者vulnerable to the disease容易受到病毒感染worst affected countries疫情最严重的国家Traditional burial ceremonies传统的丧葬仪式At the height of the outbreak在疫情爆发最严重的时候deep-seated human traditions人们根深蒂固的传统deadly virus致命的病毒shut their schools停课succumbed to the disease死于这种疾病a public health emergency公共紧急健康事件dedicated fund for emergencies专项应急资金untested drugs未试验的疫苗public health organizations公共卫生组织drug companies药品公司experimental medicines实验性药品withstand storms可承受风暴difficult settings艰难的环境go house-to-house挨家挨户地上门serve free food in a soup kitchen在流动厨房施舍免费食物on one's doorstep在某人的家门口have an obligation to有义务去做national borders国界curable diseases可治愈的疾病change their everyday lives改变他们的日常生活Since the beginning of time人类历史一开始Throughout the course of history整个人类历史Travel great distances长距离旅行Travel for pleasure旅行是为了娱乐Seaside resorts海边度假胜地Avoid the summer heat避暑For compelling motivations出于某些动机Mass tourism平民化的旅游The rise of the middle class中产阶级的增力口The commercial airline industry商业航空A means of earning foreign exchange赚取外汇的。
顾家北词伙集合-1014top-list
A 自由选择 B 适合自己的身体条件（physical conditions） C 对健康更加好
举例：运动适量还是激烈（light or strenuous exercise），提升身体健康（boost fitness）
In my opinion, people should choose lifestyles according to their physical conditions, which differs from person to person.(中心句) For example, light or strenuous exercise is suitable for people of different ages.(拓展)
A 男女在体力力气方面不同
B 男和女比男力气更大
C 男比女更适合做体力活
A 男女相互吸引 B 工作起来更有动力 C 工作效率提高
A 按照自己的兴趣找工作
B 激发自己的潜能
C 实现自己的理想，实现人生价值
Some people think the governments should act to decide how people live in order to make a healthier life. Others think individual should decide their own lifestyle. Discuss both views and give your opinion. 政府
A 有竞争意识 B 人们想着自己的利益（obsessed with self-interest），为了成功牺牲朋友 （at the cost of friendship）C 社会缺乏凝聚力（society is fragmented）
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177个词伙祝大家下次考试都上7！！！！！！！！词伙来源于北北微信：1.low-cost flights 经济航班2.no frills airlines 廉价航空公司3.carbon dioxide emissions 温室气体排放4.meet its targets(for) 实现目标5.reduce gas emissions 减排6.reduce carbon emissions 减少碳排放7.the aviation industry 航空业8.the absence of fuel duty 没有燃油税9.subsidy 补助10.the vast majority of flights 大部分航班11.domestic flights 国内航班12.emit carbon dioxide 二氧化碳排放13.assess different countries'responsibilities 评估不同国家的责任14.the issue will be addressed 问题得到解决15.be regarded as a form of environmental compensation 作为对环境补偿的一种形式16.civil aviation pollution 民航污染17.environmentally friendly aircraft 环保飞机18.household and industrial rubbish 工业生活垃圾19.living organisms 活体，生物体20.litter on the ground 地面的垃圾ndfill sites 垃圾填埋场22.household items 家居用品23.toxic chemicals 有毒化学物质24.industrial waste is also discharged 工业废料也被排出25.be washed from the land into rivers 从地面冲入河流26.oil spills 石油泄漏27.harmful substances 有害物质28.aquatic invertebrate animals 水生无脊椎动物29.aquatic ecosystems 水生生态系统30.harm hunman health 危害人们健康31.escape the sounds and stresses of modern life 远离现代生活的压力和噪音32.heavy traffic 拥挤的交通33.noisy leisure activities 闹哄哄的休闲活动34.a tranquil environment 一个安静的环境35.a motorway's roar 高速公路的轰鸣36.background music 背景音乐37.peaceful retreat 和平撤退38.attract boisterous crowds 吸引噪杂的人群39.sound insulated rooms 隔音房间40.harmful drinking habits 有害的饮食习惯41.physical activities 体育活动42.in the spotlight 处于公众注意的中心43.health experts 健康专家44.lifestyle factors 生活习惯因素45.raise the risk of ill-health 加大不健康的风险46.binge drinking,low fruit and vegetable consumption 酗酒，水果蔬菜低摄入47.bail us out 拯救我们48.have an original insight 有独特的见解49.stand out from the crowd 脱颖而出50.unleash your creative side 发挥你的创造力e up with innovative solutions 提出创新的方案52.aspects of your daily routine 日常生活的各个方面53.with a fresh perspective 用一个新的视角54.alter your daily routine 改变你的日常生活55.childcare advice 照顾孩子的建议56.credit with reducing infant mortality 降低婴儿死亡率（credit with 把…记入贷方）57.character building 品格培养58.at a young age 在小时候59.own instincts and common sense 自己的直觉和常识60.verbal aggression or hostile behaviours 言语侵犯或敌对行为61.adopt a dress code 采取着装要求62.stifle creativity 扼杀创造力63.a thing of the past 成为过去64.level out inequality 平衡不平等65.over a school lifetime 学生生涯66.higher-end uniform suppliers 高端制服供应商67.job strain 职业紧张68.lower skilled jobs 低技能工作69.tough workloads 很大的工作量70.high strain jobs 高压力的工作71.have an unhealthy diet 有不健康的饮食习惯72.high stress jobs 高压力的工作73.face-to-face communication 面对面交流74.remote communication 远距离通讯75.digital technologies 数字技术76.word choice 词汇选择77.a particular social group 特定的社会团体（wyers,doctors,young people)78.children in particular 特别是小孩79.have a harmful impact 有不好的影响80.virtual worlds 虚拟世界81.real-life pastimes 现实生活中的消遣82.from an educational perspective 从一个教育意义的角度来说83.encourage imagination and creativity 鼓励创新和想象力84.logical thinking 逻辑思维85.motor skills 运动技巧86.real-world tasks 真实世界的任务87.progress through the levels of a game 通过游戏升级来进步88.on the computer or console 在电脑或操控台上89.the sedentary lifestyle 静态（久坐的）生活方式90.accompany gaming addiction 伴随着游戏上瘾91.cut stress levels 降低压力水平92.reduce high stress levels 降低压力水平93.the most worldly of language 最全球化的语言94.central component of 核心组成部分95.basic skills 基本技能96.audio visual materials 视听资料97.expected outcomes 预期结果nguage learning 语言学习99.cope with the discouraging setbacks 处理沮丧和挫折100.learning curve 学习曲线101.highly visual websites 高度可视化网站102.interactive games 互动游戏103.written text 文本104.musical styles 音乐风格105.traditional music 传统音乐106.international music 国际音乐107.means of learning 学习的方式108.life stories 生平事迹109.(music)both expresses and arouses emotions 表达激发情感110.a commercial product 商品111.connect us to the past 连接我们的过去112.form part of our cultural identity 形成文化身份（认同）的一部分113.part of human existence 人生的一部分114.natural disasters 自然灾害115.improve living conditions 提高生活环境116.family breakdown 家庭破碎117.drug addiction 药物成瘾118.narrow the gap between the poorest and average earners 减少穷人和平均赚钱水平的差距119.distract attention 转移注意力120.fake goods 假货121.genuine products 正版产品122.at a bargain price 便宜的价格123.toxic smog 有毒烟雾124.tax breaks 税收减免125.put a squeeze on 对…施加压榨（eg.subjects)126.time pressure 时间压力127.core subjects 主科128.at the expense of 以…为代价129.exhaust fumes 尾气130.energy consumption 能源消耗131.clean energy 清洁能源132.electric cars 电子汽车133.air pollution 空气污染134.at a speed dating event 在一个闪电相亲节目上135.make an impression 让人眼前一亮136.make a good judgment 有好的判断力137.target country 目标国家138.identify a possible gap 确定一个可能的差距139.a learning experience 学习经验140.real sense of accomplishment 成就感141.deliver presentation 介绍142.mine data on 对…的数据挖掘143.local scandals 当地的丑闻144.bring...into line 使一致145.repeat offenders 重犯者146.sensitive topics 敏感话题147.strictly controlled 严格控制148.raise questions about 提出…问题149.walk a fine line 折衷的方法150.outpace the global average 超过世界平均水平bat poverty 减少贫困152.over-fussy consumers 过度挑剔的消费者153.end up in the bin 最后放入回收站中154.a growing population 增长的人口155.scarce land 稀缺的土地156.aid agencies 援助机构pletely unfair advantage 压倒性的竞争优势158.lower tax burdens 低的税收负担159.make tailor-made products 量身定做的产品160.high precision equipment 精密设备161.be short-lived 寿命短促162.safety guidelines 安全指引163.oppose to nuclear power 反对核能164.inflate trade deficit 膨胀（扩大）贸易赤字165.reflect a healthy lifestyle 体现出健康的生活方式166.the blood flow 血流量167.chemical composition 化学成分168.lift the ban 取消禁令169.online social networks 在线社交网络170.express their feelings 表达感情171.a grass roots movement 基层运动172.show their support 表示支持173.public backing 公众的支持174.on the grounds that 由于175.noise pollution 噪音污染176.public transport 公共交通177.restrict parking zones 限制停车区域。