-英语文体学
英语文体学Chapter1Introduction
❖Aristotle: Rhetoric is "the faculty of discovering in any particular case all of the available means of persuasion."
(Qian Yuan)
第十三页,共43页。
1.2 Emergence of Stylistics as an Interdisciplinary Field of Study
❖English Stylistics is often regarded as a discipline that is “both old and young”.
第十五页,共43页。
1.2 Emergence of Stylistics as an Interdisciplinary Field of Study
❖Dating back to 5 B.C., Greek orators and sophists regarded rhetoric as oratory.
❖The second revolution is the one in literary criticism.
❖Ivor Armstrong Richards ❖Practical Criticism ❖He called for a more objective
approach to literary texts, and established an approach to poetry which depended on close reading of the text.
“英语文体学”课程教学大纲
“英语文体学”课程教学大纲一、课程基本信息开课单位:翻译学院课程名称:英语文体学课程编号:224118英文名称:English Stylistics课程类型:专业拓展课总学时:36 理论学时:34 实验学时:2学分:2开设专业:翻译专业;商务英语专业先修课程:英语语言学;英美文学二、课程任务目标(一)课程任务本课程是面向英语专业、翻译专业和商务英语专业开设的一门专业任选课,属于专业理论与及其应用类课程,一般在四年级开设。
本课程的任务是使学生在了解文体学的相关理论以及文体分析的方法和步骤的基础上,学会在语言学理论的指导下分析文学和非文学语篇的文体特征及其文体功能,从而提高其分析、欣赏和批评文学和非文学语篇的能力。
(二)课程目标在学完本课程之后,学生能够:1.掌握文体学的基本原理与文体分析的方法和步骤;2.从文学和非文学语篇中识别相关文体特征,并分析其文体功能;3.了解语言学理论与文体分析之间的关系,提高研究意识,学习研究性学习方法;4.提高借助语言学理论分析问题和解决问题的能力,尤其是分析、欣赏和批评文学和非文学语篇的能力。
三、教学内容和要求Chapter 1 Introduction本章是整个课程的导入部分,目的是让学生了解文体学的定义及其产生背景和过程、理论假设以及文体学研究的目标和文体分析的基本步骤,并了解文体学的基本特征。
具体内容如下:Defining stylistics;Naissance of stylistics as an interdisciplinary field of study;Two important assumptions of stylistics;Goals, components and procedure of stylistic inquiry;Nature of stylistic analysis。
Chapter 2 On style本章在介绍文体学界的三种典型文体观的基础上,列举文体的分类特征,讨论多种英语变体的基本特征,并分析文体的正式程度及其语言表现形式。
英语文体学知识在大学英语教学中的应用
英语文体学知识在大学英语教学中的应用【摘要】英语文体学是一门研究不同文体特点和风格的学科,在大学英语教学中发挥着重要作用。
本文首先介绍了英语文体学的基本概念,包括其分类和特点,然后探讨了在语言教学中应用英语文体学的方法。
接着介绍了英语文体学在写作教学中的实践,并讨论了其对口语表达的影响。
文章最后总结了英语文体学在大学英语教学中的重要性,并展望了其未来的发展。
同时提出了关于英语文体学教学的改进建议,以期更好地推动大学英语教学的发展和提高学生的语言表达能力。
通过本文的内容,读者可以更全面地了解英语文体学在大学英语教学中的应用价值,以及未来的发展方向和应该改进的地方。
【关键词】英语文体学、大学英语教学、应用、基本概念、分类、特点、语言教学、写作教学、口语表达、重要性、未来发展、改进建议。
1. 引言1.1 英语文体学知识在大学英语教学中的应用English genre studies is a significant aspect of language education as it provides valuable insights into the different styles and structures of written and spoken communication. In the context of university English teaching, the application of genreknowledge can greatly enhance students' language skills and understanding of various text types.2. 正文2.1 了解英语文体学的基本概念英语文体学是研究英文各种文体的学科,通过对不同文体的特点、结构和语言运用规律的分析,帮助学习者更好地理解和运用英语。
了解英语文体学的基本概念需要明确文体的定义和范畴。
英语文体学 2
Chapter 2 The Need for Stylistic StudyReview●STYLE是使用语言的一种方式,它属于言语(parole),而不属于语言(langue)。
●STYLE体现在语言运用的各个层面,体现在语音、书写、词汇、句法结构乃至语篇类型的选择上。
●任何类型的语篇都具有特定的文体特征;任何一个语篇也都具有特定的文体特征。
●STYLE的涵义颇多,既可指“文体”,“语体”,也可指“风格”或“文风”。
广义的文体学成为普通文体学或语体学,狭义的文体研究称作文学文体学。
●不论是从事广义的文体研究,还是进行狭义的文体研究,我们都需要借助于相关学科的理论和知识、尤其是修辞学、语用学、余篇分析和文学批评领域的知识。
What is context?Definition:Context refers to the conditions in which something exists or occurs. Linguistically, this is the part of a discourse surrounding a word or passage that helps make its meaning clear.语境是人们运用语言进行言语交际的言语环境。
言语交际有成效的进行(即说话人恰当地表达话语的意义和听话人准确地理解话语意义)必须依赖言语环境。
Classifications:Classification 1:1)内部语境(lingual/ linguistic context)Rules concerning the language itself such as grammar2)外部语境(extra-lingual/non-linguistic context)The speaker‟s and the audience‟s mood, age, position, occupation, cultural background, etc.Classification 2:1) 指语篇内部的上下文(co-text; linguistic context)2) 指言语事件发生时的社会情境特征(socio-situational features)以及交际双方的社会历史文化和风俗习惯,乃至价值观念等。
51-英语文体学
中国海洋大学本科生课程大纲课程属性:公共基础/通识教育/学科基础/专业知识/工作技能,课程性质:必修、选修一、课程介绍1.课程描述:英语文体学是运用文体学理论对现实中各种英语语篇进行描述、分析、进而发现并形成关于某一语篇文体特征、进而提高学生的鉴别和赏析能力的科学。
本课程针对高年级英语专业学生开设,课程包括文体学的若干基本内容:文体、文体学、常规、偏离、选择、前景化、普通文体学、文学文体学等。
通过课程学习,要求学生掌握文体学的若干基本理论和方法,能够利用这些理论方法并借助语料库技术对英语语篇进行分析和求解,进而提升对英语文体的理解。
2.设计思路:本课程引导高年级英语专业学生通过文体学来探讨和理解由英语语篇所驱动的英语学习、进一步提高学生在英语文体学理论和应用两方面的发展途径。
课程内容的选取基于掌握较高的英语水平,基本具备英语语法能力,在听、说、读、写等方面达到了中高等水平,能够不借助工具书阅读英语报刊、期刊、网络中文学、文化、日常生活、科普等文章并理解其主旨、大意,能够听懂VOA 和BBC的一般话题的新闻报道、社论或特写等,基本能够看懂原版影视作品,已经了解英语常用修辞手法等。
课程内容包括三个模块:术语解析、片段文本分析和语篇层面的赏析,涉及文体学的基本概- 1 -念、皇家英语、小说英语、新闻英语、法律英语等,能够体现文体学的基本特征。
术语解析部分主要分析讨论文体学中的基本概念,包括不同学者的定义、分类、例证等。
片段文本分析主要涉及高校英语专业硕士研究生入学试题中的文体学试题的分析,包括解题思路、参考答案、得分要点等。
语篇层面的赏析包括不同语篇文体风格的研究、专家学者针对某一文体特征进行的学术研究以及对文体学的应用的观点等。
在讲解过程中,以《实用英语文体学》(钱瑗著)为蓝本,但不拘泥于一种教材,并根据文体学研究的发展和成果,博采众长,适量取舍和补充。
3. 课程与其他课程的关系:先修课程:与英语听、说、读、写等水平有关的听力、会话、精读、泛读、写作等基础课程。
1-英语文体学
Today we have naming of parts. Yesterday, We had daily cleaning. And tomorrow morning, We shall have what to do after firing. But today, Today we have naming of parts. Japonica Glistens like coral in all of the neighboring gardens, And today we have naming of parts. This is the lower sling swivel. And this Is the upper sling swivel, whose use you will see, When you are given your slings. And this is the piling swivel, Which in your case you have not got. The branches Hold in the gardens their silent, eloquent gestures, Which in our case we have not got.
An Introduction to Stylistics for Students of Language and Literature
英语文体学
What is style? What is stylistics?
Is the writing distinctive,and how?
华夏河山,可以是尸横遍野的疆场,也可以是 车来船往的乐土;可以一任封建权势者们把生命 之火燃亮和熄灭,也可以庇佑诗人们的生命伟力 纵横驰骋。可怜的白帝城多么劳累,清晨,刚刚 送走了李白们的轻舟,夜晚,还得迎接刘备们的 马蹄。只是,时间一长,这片山河对诗人们的庇 佑力日渐减弱,他们的船楫时时搁浅,他们的衣 带经常熏焦,他们由高迈走向苦吟,由苦吟走向 无声。中国,还留下几个诗人?
英语文体学基础(语篇结构)
• 3)问题回答型,也称问题解决型。 这里的问题可以是直接提问的问题, 也可以是某种情况下发生的问题。 回答可以是对所提问题的应答,也 可以是对存在问题的解决办法。其 语篇图式特征为: • Question→ answer/ problem →solution;
• 4) 原因结果型:其常用语篇指示 词有:as a result, consequently, thus, because, according to, therefore, since, for, so, hence等。
主张—反应模式也叫做主张—反 Situation 主张模式(claim— response/counterclaim pattern)。 I have in my possession a copy of a press release from 其宏观结构包括“情景”,“主 Sir Aaron Klug, the president of the张”, “反应”三部分。 Royal Society dated Claim
问题—解决模式是英语中极为常见的语篇模式,经常用于 说明文、广告、科技文章、实验报告、新闻报道以及故事、 小说等文学作品中。 positive
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一般—特殊模式又可称作概括—具体模式,其宏观结构由三个成分组成: 概括陈述、具体陈述和总结陈述。其表现形式有两种:先概括再举例; 先整体后细节。 Knowledge often results only after persistent investigation. Albert Einstein, after a lengthy examinationGeneralcharacteristics of the statement General statement of matter and energy, formulated his famous Theory of Relativity, which now acts as a basis for further research in nuclear physics. Using plaster casts of1footprints, fingerprints, and stray stands of hair, Specific statement Specific statement a detective pertinaciously pursues the criminal. After years of work, Annie Jump Cannon perfected the classification of the spectra 0f some 350,000 stars. Investigations into the causes of polio Specific statement 2 Even and cure of have provided us with the means for preventionmore specific this dreaded disease only after many years of research. As students, we too are determined in our investigation to find, retain, and Even more specific contribute to the store of human knowledge. Specific statement 3 这一模式在宣传材料、自然科学、社会科学的论说文 General statement 中,在文学作品、百科全书中很常见。 General statement
英语文体学1
Concepts of Style
2. Some or all of the language habits shared by a group of people at one time, or over a period of time. e.g. Elizabethan style the style of legal document the style of news reporting
I. Style and Stylistics
“When I was a gal, they made a hole in each end and sucked.”
I. Style and Stylistics
1) When his dad died, Peter had to get
another job. 2) After his father’s death, Peter had to change his job. 3) On the decease of his father, Mr Brown was obliged to seek alternative employment.
(2) Stylistics study helps cultivate a sense
of appropriateness. (grammar: correctness; stylistics: appropriateness);
• Who speaks what language to whom and when
General stylistics
Genres: news reports, advertisements, public speeches, scientific treatises, legal documents and other practical styles… Attitudes: formal and informal language Media of communication: spoken English, written English, e-discourse Regions: British English, American English and other regional dialects Social groups: standard and non-standard language ( varieties of language)
第5讲_英语文体学
Session 5 Varieties of Language
黄新祥, 湖北经济学院外国语学院 , 2010年春季学期
Lectures on Stylistics
Contents 5.1 Two kinds of Varieties 5.2 Dialects 5.3 Registers 5.4 The Mutual Dependence Between Register
We have pointed out that when language is used, it is always used in a context. What gets said and how it gets said is always dictated by a variety of situations. Some situations seem to depend generally and fairly consistently on some regular sets of language features, so that distinctive varieties of language occur. These sets of features are historically formed and are changing overtime; but they remain relatively stable at a certain period of history governing people's language activity. As a study of the linguistic features that characterize the main varieties of a language, stylistics needs to define its variety categories. Since the 196o's, hopefully, studies in this area have made considerable progress. Modern linguistics has worked out a system of variety categories to help isolate these consistent relationships between particular features
《英语文体学》1-7总结
《英语文体学》1-7总结-CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN第一章文体学相关研究内容文体学分为普通文体学和文学文体学,二者有重叠部分,但在此我们所研究的是普通文体学,文体学研究的是语言风格,对语言,人们的理解有很多种,但不管哪种说法,无可否认,语言都是人类表达思想、互相交流的手段,并且有很多具不同意旨的言语事件;风格是与说话人的语言习惯、时代背景相关的,是人门特有的表达方式,因人而异,对语言起到一定修饰作用并且关系到语言表达的有效性。
因此,文体学研究会涉及各种语言变体及相关特征、功用。
文体学对提高理解力和鉴赏水平有很大帮助。
此外,文体学还与语言学、修辞学及文学评论等相关联。
接下来的章节中将具体阐述相关内容。
第二章文体学研究的必要性学习文体学可以提高我们语言使用的精确性,犹如不能在婚礼上穿牛仔装一样,语言使用要合乎当时、当地的具体环境,这就涉及文体学中的言语事件;学习文体学有利于提高我们对文学作品的理解与鉴赏水平,因为文学创作中,作者不可避免会对作品的语言、风格做选择,在文学评论三部曲(描述、解读、评估)中会涉及相关内容;文体学对满足翻译适应性有很大帮助,翻译很难做到完全对应,但基本原则一致是必须的,如作品基调、作品体裁等一致。
以上文体学内容中都有涉及。
第三章语言变体在不同的社交场合,有不同的约定俗成的语体。
根据特定场合的语言习惯及其中特定说话人的语言使用,语言变体可以分为两种:方言变体和语域变体。
方言变体与不同的语言使用者相关,分为个人方言、时间方言、地域方言、社会方言和标准方言;语域变体与不同社交场合相关,其构成要素是语场、语式和语旨。
两种变体并非独立存在而是有一定的相关性,比如,在同一种族、同一领域或同一社会地位,为了增进了解,说话人可能会选择这一具某种共同特征人群的行内语言。
此外,从语言变体中,我们还可以获知说话人的某些相关信息,如职业、国家和说话意旨等。
英语文体学-第1-4讲
Lectures on Stylistics
• General stylistics concentrates solely on the general features of various types of language use. It studies the stylistic features of the main varieties of language, covering the functional varieties from the dimension of fields of discourse (different social activities), formal vs informal varieties from the dimension of tenors of discourse (different addresser-addressee relationships), and the spoken vs written varieties from the dimension of modes of discourse (different mediums).
Lectures on Stylistics
or writing), the setting (private or public), the relationship with the addressee (in terms of the degree of intimacy or social distance), the subject matter (technical or nontechnical), and the purpose (to inform, to persuade, etc.)”.
《英语文体学》总结
第一章文体学相关研究内容文体学分为普通文体学和文学文体学,二者有重叠部分,但在此我们所研究的是普通文体学,文体学研究的是语言风格,对语言,人们的理解有很多种,但不管哪种说法,无可否认,语言都是人类表达思想、互相交流的手段,并且有很多具不同意旨的言语事件;风格是与说话人的语言习惯、时代背景相关的,是人门特有的表达方式,因人而异,对语言起到一定修饰作用并且关系到语言表达的有效性。
因此,文体学研究会涉及各种语言变体及相关特征、功用。
文体学对提高理解力和鉴赏水平有很大帮助。
此外,文体学还与语言学、修辞学及文学评论等相关联。
接下来的章节中将具体阐述相关内容。
第二章文体学研究的必要性学习文体学可以提高我们语言使用的精确性,犹如不能在婚礼上穿牛仔装一样,语言使用要合乎当时、当地的具体环境,这就涉及文体学中的言语事件;学习文体学有利于提高我们对文学作品的理解与鉴赏水平,因为文学创作中,作者不可避免会对作品的语言、风格做选择,在文学评论三部曲(描述、解读、评估)中会涉及相关内容;文体学对满足翻译适应性有很大帮助,翻译很难做到完全对应,但基本原则一致是必须的,如作品基调、作品体裁等一致。
以上文体学内容中都有涉及。
第三章语言变体在不同的社交场合,有不同的约定俗成的语体。
根据特定场合的语言习惯及其中特定说话人的语言使用,语言变体可以分为两种:方言变体和语域变体。
方言变体与不同的语言使用者相关,分为个人方言、时间方言、地域方言、社会方言和标准方言;语域变体与不同社交场合相关,其构成要素是语场、语式和语旨。
两种变体并非独立存在而是有一定的相关性,比如,在同一种族、同一领域或同一社会地位,为了增进了解,说话人可能会选择这一具某种共同特征人群的行内语言。
此外,从语言变体中,我们还可以获知说话人的某些相关信息,如职业、国家和说话意旨等。
第四章语言描述了解了语言变体,本章节探讨各种语言变体的具体表述问题,即具体语言表述。
在这个层面上,文体学提供了一种系统的分析方法,使我们对付各种文章轻而易举。
《英语文体学》1-7总结
第一章文体学相关研究内容文体学分为普通文体学和文学文体学,二者有重叠部分,但在此我们所研究的是普通文体学,文体学研究的是语言风格,对语言,人们的理解有很多种,但不管哪种说法,无可否认,语言都是人类表达思想、互相交流的手段,并且有很多具不同意旨的言语事件;风格是与说话人的语言习惯、时代背景相关的,是人门特有的表达方式,因人而异,对语言起到一定修饰作用并且关系到语言表达的有效性。
因此,文体学研究会涉及各种语言变体及相关特征、功用。
文体学对提高理解力和鉴赏水平有很大帮助。
此外,文体学还与语言学、修辞学及文学评论等相关联。
接下来的章节中将具体阐述相关内容。
第二章文体学研究的必要性学习文体学可以提高我们语言使用的精确性,犹如不能在婚礼上穿牛仔装一样,语言使用要合乎当时、当地的具体环境,这就涉及文体学中的言语事件;学习文体学有利于提高我们对文学作品的理解与鉴赏水平,因为文学创作中,作者不可避免会对作品的语言、风格做选择,在文学评论三部曲(描述、解读、评估)中会涉及相关内容;文体学对满足翻译适应性有很大帮助,翻译很难做到完全对应,但基本原则一致是必须的,如作品基调、作品体裁等一致。
以上文体学内容中都有涉及。
第三章语言变体在不同的社交场合,有不同的约定俗成的语体。
根据特定场合的语言习惯及其中特定说话人的语言使用,语言变体可以分为两种:方言变体和语域变体。
方言变体与不同的语言使用者相关,分为个人方言、时间方言、地域方言、社会方言和标准方言;语域变体与不同社交场合相关,其构成要素是语场、语式和语旨。
两种变体并非独立存在而是有一定的相关性,比如,在同一种族、同一领域或同一社会地位,为了增进了解,说话人可能会选择这一具某种共同特征人群的行内语言。
此外,从语言变体中,我们还可以获知说话人的某些相关信息,如职业、国家和说话意旨等。
第四章语言描述了解了语言变体,本章节探讨各种语言变体的具体表述问题,即具体语言表述。
在这个层面上,文体学提供了一种系统的分析方法,使我们对付各种文章轻而易举。
《英语文体学》教学大纲
《英语文体学》教学大纲一、基本信息二、教学目标及任务本课程要求学生识记文体、文体学的定义,文体学的流派,文体学在国内外的发展情况,了解并学会使用分析不同文体篇章的方法和步骤,帮助学生学会观察和描述若干主要文体的语言风格,即它们各自的语音、词汇、句法与篇章的特点,以便更好地了解它们所表达的内容和在恰当场合使用它们。
三、学时分配四、教学内容及教学要求第一章绪论:文体及文体学定义习题要点:文体学的定义本单元重点、难点:文体学的广义及狭义定义本单元教学要求:使学生了解文体有广狭两义。
狭义的文体指文学文体,包括个别作家的风格;广义的文体指一种语言中的各类文体,例如口语体、书面体,而这两者之中,又有若干文体。
理解文体学的任务不在于若干文体的名目,而在观察和描述若干主要文体的语言风格,即它们各自的语音、词汇、句法与篇章的特点,其目的在于使学习者更好地了解它们所表达的内容和在恰当场合使用它们。
第二章文体学的历史沿革和流派习题要点:文体学的分类、文体学的流派、文体学在国内外的发展情况本单元重点、难点:文体学的沿革本单元教学要求:使学生了解文体学的沿革,文体学研究的主要流派。
理解文体学可分为普通文体学、文学文体学、理论文体学等。
第三章文体分析的方法和步骤习题要点:文体分析的方法和步骤本单元重点、难点:对文体进行分析的三个步骤本单元教学要求:讲授、并使学生了解文体分析的三个步骤:(1)linguistic description(2)textual analysis(3)contextual factors analysis第四章英语公共演讲的文体特征习题要点:英语公共演讲的文体功能分析本单元重点、难点:词汇的文体功能本单元教学要求:熟悉与词汇手段相关的文体标志。
通过对公共演讲的实例分析,理解文体与选词的关系,各类词语的文体特征,词的意义,词的涵义,建立在词汇层面上的修辞手法等。
第五章英语新闻的文体特征习题要点:英语新闻报道的文体功能分析本单元重点、难点:句式的选择与表达效果之间的关系本单元教学要求:熟悉与句法手段相关的文体标志。
英语文体学教学大纲
《英语文体学》课程教学大纲课程编号:ENGL3002课程类别:专业选修课授课对象:英语、英语师范专业开课学期:秋(第7学期)学分:2主讲教师:王军指定教材:《新编英语文体学教程》,董启明主编,外语教学与研究出版社,2008年。
教学目的:英语文体学是一门实用性非常强的学科,对阅读、翻译、文章分析、文章欣赏以及得体地使用英语都有很大的帮助,此外,英语文体学也是英语语言学研究重要的基础性学科之一。
作为一门课程,英语文体学主要由两部分构成:其一为文体学研究主要内容介绍,包括文体类型、文体特征、文体价值等方面,其次为具体文体分析方法介绍。
第一课Introduction to Stylistics课时:第一周,共2课时教学内容:What is stylistics and how is it associated with other linguistic studies?第一节:The position of stylistics in general linguistics.The importance of studying stylistics.第二节:What is stylistics?The major contents of this study.Issues that need to be born in mind.思考题:1.How to do stylistics in the framework of literature or translation?2.What do you expect to learn from this course?第二课Style and Stylistics课时:第二周,共2课时教学内容:The development and scope of stylistics第一节:The definition of style and stylistics.The relationship between appreciation and research.第二节:The development of stylistics.The scope of stylistics.思考题:1.What are the major differences between style and stylistics?2.What areas in society can the knowledge of stylistics be applied to?第三课Procedure of stylistic analysis (1)课时:第三周,共2课时教学内容:Linguistic description第一节:Linguistic description: methods and procedures.第一节:A checklist of linguistic description.The functions of each one.思考题:1.Why do we need linguistic description?2.Think about the significance of conducting linguistic description.第四课Procedure of stylistic analysis (2)课时:第四周,共2课时教学内容:Textual analysis and contextual factors analysis第一节:What is textual analysis?How to conduct textual analysis?第二节:A classification of contextual factors.How to analyze contextual factors?思考题:1.How do you understand the relationship between understanding and textual analysis?2.Are there other ways to classify contextual factors?第五课Stylistic functions of linguistic items课时:第五周,共2课时教学内容:Stylistic functions as defined at different levels第一节:Stylistic functions of speech sounds.Stylistic functions of graphological items.第二节:Stylistic functions of lexical items.Stylistic functions of syntactic/grammatical items.思考题:1.How do you evaluate the different kinds of stylistic functions?2.What is the significance of studying stylistic function?第六课Varieties in relation to regions课时:第六周,共2课时教学内容:Regional English第一节:A brief introduction to British English.The appearance of American English.第二节:Differences between British English and American English.British and American regional dialects.思考题:1.What are the major causes for the differences between British English and American English?2.How to deal with the use of the two regional English in actual learning or dailycommunication?第七课Varieties in relation to media课时:第七周,共2课时教学内容:Spoken English and written English第一节:Major features of spoken English and written English.What are the standards of using spoken English or written English?第二节:Electronic English.思考题:1.What is the situation like if one is only skilled in using spoken English or written English?2.What is the role of electronic English in the course of learning English?第八课Varieties in relation to attitude课时:第八周,共2课时教学内容:Attitude-related styles第一节:Degree of formality.Politeness.第二节:Impersonality.Accessibility.思考题:1.Think about the relationship between meaning and emotion expressions.2.What do you think of the relationship between formality and politeness?第九课Varieties in relation to social factors课时:第九周,共2课时教学内容:Social factors and their constraints on language第一节:Women’s English.Black English.第二节:Taboo and euphemism.Cultural factors involved in social factors.思考题:1.What are the reasons that maintain the existence of women’s English?2.How do you understand the status of black’s English and the black’s social status?第十课Review of the past lessons课时:第十周,共2课时教学内容:A summary and comment of the past lessons第一节:The watershed of the whole course.Recall what have been learned.第二节:What are the sections that interest you the most?Is there possibility for you to conduct further research?第十一课The English of conversation课时:第十一周,共2课时教学内容:Conversational English第一节:A general introduction to what to learn in the latter half of the term.About conversation.Phonological features.第二节:Lexical features.Syntactic/grammatical features.Semantic features.Sample analysis of a student.思考题:1.How do you understand conversation in terms of direct speech and indirect speech?2.Is conversational English always informal?第十二课The English of public speaking课时:第十二周,共2课时教学内容:Public speech and its features第一节:What is public speech?Public speeches’ phonological features.Lexical features.第二节:Syntactic/grammatical features.Semantic features.Sample analysis of a student.思考题:1.What are the major differences between public speaking and conversation?2.What are the major differences between public speech and written English?第十三课The English of news reporting (1)课时:第十三周,共2课时教学内容:General knowledge about news reporting第一节:What are news reports?Different kinds of newspapers and magazines.第二节:The make-up of news reports.A sample analysis of a piece of newspaper (New York Times/China Daily)思考题:1.Is there any difference between formal news report and informal news release?2.Specify the make-up of some pages of newspaper, both English and Chinese.第十四课The English of news reporting (2)课时:第十四周,共2课时教学内容:Stylistic features of news reporting第一节:Graphological features.Lexical features.第二节:Syntactic/grammatical features.Semantic features.Sample analysis of a student.思考题:1.What are the functions of each group of stylistic features in news reporting?2.What are the stylistic features that distinguish news reporting from other textual styles?第十五课The English of Advertising课时:第十五周,共2课时教学内容:The language styles in advertising English第一节:Something about advertisements.Graphological features.第二节:Lexical features.Syntactic/grammatical features.Semantic features.Sample analysis of a student.思考题:1.What are the major purposes of advertisements?2.Give some advertising examples that show the violation of some basic language rules inadvertising.第十六课Literary English课时:第十六周,共2课时教学内容:Literary English: novel and poetry第一节:Some basic facts about the novel.Aspects for the analysis of the novel.General stylistic features of the novel.第二节:Some basic facts about the poetry.Prosody.General stylistic features of poetry.思考题:1.Between fiction and reality, what kinds of stylistic features are most suitable for the novel?2.What effects does it have on appreciation to analyze the novel’s stylistic features?3.How to balance meaning expression and poetic features in poetry?4.What are the common stylistic features between poetry and novel?第十七课:The English of science and technology课时:第十七周,共2课时教学内容:Technical English第一节:Graphological features.Lexical features第二节:Syntactic/grammatical features.Semantic features.思考题:1.How to handle formality and politeness issues in technical English?2.How is objectivity achieved in technical English?第十八课:Review and answer questions课时:第十八周,共2课时教学内容:Review and answer questions第一节:Review.第二节:Answer questions.参考书目:1.王守元.《英语文体学要略》.济南:山东大学出版社,2000.2.徐有志.《英语文体学教程》.北京:高等教育出版社,2005.3.Thornborrow,J. Patterns in Language: Stylistics for Students of Language and Literature.Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 2000.4.Wright, L. Stylistics: A Practical Coursebook. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching andResearch Press, 2000.。
英语文体学课程教学大纲
英语文体学课程教学大纲英语文体学教学大纲课程名称:英语文体学:72分:3分英语文体学课程教学大纲为指导英语专业四年制现代英语文体学课程的教学,特制定本教学大纲。
教学大纲的规定是组织教学、使用教材和检查教学质量的基础。
一、教学目标本教学大纲的教学对象是高校英语专业(四年制)的高年级学生。
他们已经基本掌握或掌握了大约5000个基本词汇和语音、语法、词汇、写作等方面的基本知识。
二。
教学安排本课程为四年制课程的第七和第八学期提供。
第七学期主要致力于语音、语法、词汇、写作和其他与现代英语文体学相关的方面的教学。
第八学期主要致力于各种英语文体的教学,不同文体的特点,使用的场合,各种材料的分析方法等。
三。
教学任务和目标现代英语文体学课程的教学任务和目标是:讲授文体学理论和语言描述方法的概貌,系统地理解个别英语的特点,提高正确使用英语的交际能力,逐渐熟悉不同主题的文学作品的语言风格,加深对文学作品的理解和欣赏。
四、教学内容在第七学期,我将主要学习“第一部分语言要素的文体功能”。
教学内容主要分为:绪论;第一部分介绍语言元素的文体功能。
文体学的性质和内容1.文体学的关注2。
文体研究的需要第一部分语言要素的文体效果第一章语音学重音、音高、音域、停顿、速度、长度等的意义和文体功能。
第二章词汇词的分类、词的意义、词的意义、同义词的意义及其文体效果;词汇修辞的定义及其文体效果第三章句法圆周句、省略句和倒装句的定义和构成二元句、平行句、重复句和反问句的定义、句子的长度、句法变异的意义和文体功能第四章语篇结构参考手段和文体句群及段落语篇模式在第八学期,我主要学习了“第二部分全方位英语”。
第二部分是英语第六章日常会话,即席口译,公开演讲日常会话会话英语自发公共演讲英语即兴解释公共演讲英语第七章新闻报道,广告新闻报道的英语广告的定义广告的四大基本功能成功广告的重要特征报纸广告第八章科学文章、法律文件和官方文件科技法律文件英语法律文件英语官方文件英语第十章文体文学英语。
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Assonance
Rhyming of vowels in a line
How sad and bad and mad it was – But then, how it was sweet!
About Metre (Rhythm)
Six basic metrical feet: iamb x / trochee / x anapest x x / dactyle / x x spondee / / pyrrhic x x
My Heart's In The Highlands
Robert Burns (1759 -1796)
My heart's in the Highlands, my heart is not here, My heart's in the Highlands a-chasing the deer – A-chasing the wild deer, and following the roe; My heart's in the Highlands, wherever I go.
Exposure
Wilfred Owen (1893 -1918)
关于一战,我们了解多少?
Our brains ache, in the merciless iced east winds that knive us... Wearied we keep awake because the night is silent... Low, drooping flares confuse our memory of the salient... Worried by silence, sentries whisper, curious, nervous, But nothing happens.
I must down to the seas again, for the call of the running tide Is a wild call and a clear call that may not be denied; And all I ask is a windy day with the white clouds flying, And the flung spray and the blown spume, and the seagulls crying.
My heart‘s in the Highlands, my heart is not here, My heart’s in the Highlands a-chasing the deer Chasing the wild deer, and following the roe; My heart‘s in the Highlands, wherever I go.
I must down to the seas again to the vagrant gypsy life. To the gull's way and the whale's way where the wind's like a whetted knife; And all I ask is a merry yarn from a laughing fellow-rover, And quiet sleep and a sweet dream when the long trick's over.
I breathed a song into the air, It fell to earth, I knew not where; For who has sight so keen and strong, That it can follow the flight of song?
Long, long afterward, in an oak I found the arrow, still unbroke; And the song, from begining to end, I found again in the heart of a friend.
About Rhymes
End rhymes: masculine, feminine, consonance, pararhyme Internal rhymes: alliteration, assonance
Masculine rhyme
Also called full rhyme: rhyming one stressed syllable Thy voice is on the rolling air; I hear thee where the waters run; Thou standest in the rising sun And in the setting thou art fair.
Internal rhymes
• Alliteration 头韵 • Assonance 元音韵
SEA-FEVER
John Masefield (1878-1967)
I must down to the seas again, to the lonely sea and the sky, And all I ask is a tall ship and a star to steer her by, And the wheel's kick and the wind's song and the white sail's shaking, And a grey mist on the sea's face and a grey dawn breaking.
Pyrrhic / Pyrrhic
x / x x / x the top / of the / morning
Eight kinds of metrical patterns
monometer:
Thus I Pass by And die As one, Unknown And gone. Robert Herrick’s “Upon his Departure Hence”
I shot an arrow into the air
Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, 1807-1882
I shot an arrow into the air, It fell to earth, I knew not where; For, so swiftly it flew, the sight Could not follow it in its flight.
Dimeter
Most good, most fair, Or things as rare, To call you’s lost; For all the cost Words can bestow So poorly show, …
Dactyle / Dactylic
/ x x / x x / x x / x Just for a / handful of / silver he / left us / x x / x x / x x / Just for a / riband to / stick to his / coat – / x x / x x / x x / x Found the one / gift of which / fortune be/reft us, / x x / x x / x x / Lost all the / others she / lets us de/vote.
Anapest / Anapestic
x x / x / x x / x x / Not a drum / was heard /, not a fu/neral note, x x / x x / x x / x As his corpse / to the ram/part we hur/ried;
Farewell to the Highlands, farewell to the North The birth place of Valour, the country of Worth; Wherever I wander, wherever I rove, The hills of the Highlands for ever I love.
Farewell to the mountains high cover'd with snow; Farewell to the straths and green valleys below; Farewell to the forests and wild-hanging woods; Farwell to the torrents and loud-pouring floods.
Iamb / Iambic
x / x / x / x / If all /the world/ and love/ were young, x / x / x / x / And truth/ in ev/’ry she/pherd’s tongue.
Trochee / Trochaic
/ x / x / x / Swinging / slow with / sullen / roar
Sound and metre in poetry
What is rhyme? What is metre (rhythm)?
Mrs. White Had a fright In the middle of the night Saw a ghost Eating toast Half way up a lamppost More children’s songs at /~srcpc/songs/ /ec/ParentingIdeas/So ngbook.pdf
Spondee / Spondaic