语法填空和改错全国卷试题及解析

2014年全国卷I

Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?

In 1969,the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Cleveland, Ohio. It __61____（be）unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it ____62____(actual)caught fire and burned. Now, ears later, this river is one of _63___most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.

But the river wasn’t changed in a few days __64____even a few months. It took years of work__65______(reduce ) the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is___66_____(clean) than ever.

Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you leave a habit __67___is driving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or don’t know how to control your credit card use. When you face such an impossible situation ,don’t you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?

While there are ___68_______(amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the___69_______(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be 70 (patience).

61. 【答案】was

【试题解析】根据本段第一句In 1969,the pollution was terrible可知本段叙述的是过去发生的事情。the Cuyahoga River Cleveland在过去被污染地如此地严重，过去没有人能够想象倒这条河被清理干净。

62. 【答案】actually

【试题解析】本句中使用副词actually做状语修饰谓语动词caught fire，actual是形容词，不能在句中做状语，通常只做定语或者表语修饰名词。

63. 【答案】the

【试题解析】本句横线后面的most是最高级的形式，所以使用the most outstanding的形式。

64. 【答案】or

【试题解析】句义：但是这条河流的改变不是几天或者几个月的事情。本句中的or“或者”表示选择的意思。

65. 【答案】to reduce

【试题解析】考察固定句式：It takes sb some time to do sth做某事花了某人…时间；句中的不定式to reduce he industrial pollution and clean the water是句子真正的主语。前面的it是形式主语。

66. 【答案】cleaner

【试题解析】句义：最后人们的努力得到了回报，现在这条河比以前更干净了。横线后面有than，说明横线上应该使用比较级的形式。

67. 【答案】that/which

【试题解析】本句是一个定语从句，先行词是a habit，定语从句中使用关系动词that/which 指代先行词在句做主语。

68. 【答案】amazing

【试题解析】现在分词转换的形容词常常修饰事物，过去分词转换的形容词常常修饰人或者与人有关的事物。横线后面是名词story，说明应该使用现在分词转换的形容词。

69. 【答案】changes

【试题解析】本句中谓语部分是系动词are，说明主语应该是一个复数形式的名词，所以使用changes。

70. 【答案】Patient

【试题解析】横线前面有系动词be，说明本句是一个祈使句be patient耐心一点。因为很多变化都是逐渐发生的，需要很多努力，我们要耐心一点。

2015年全国卷I

It was raining lightly when I ___61___ (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didn’t care. A few hours ___62___, I’d been at home in Hong Kong, with ___63___(it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.

I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River ___64___ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese ___65___ (painting). Instead, I’d headed straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin, it’s only an hour away ___66___ car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.

Yangshuo ___67___(be) really beautiful. A study of travelers ___68___(conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it ___69___ (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people ___70___ (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong. ()

内容简介：这是一篇游记，主要记录了作者在中国阳朔的所见所闻以及自己的感想。

61. 填 arrived。考查时态的用法。根据主句中的was和后一句中的didn’t可知此处应用一般过去时。

62. 填before / earlier。考查副词的用法。根据句意和I’d been at home的时态可知，此处指的是“几个小时前我待在香港的家里”，所以“待在家里”应该是发生在过去动作arrived 之前，故此处填before或earlier均可。

63. 填 its。考查代词的用法。由于空格被修饰的词smog是名词（意思是“烟雾”），故此处应填容词性物主代词形式，即用 its。

64. 填that / which。考查引导定语从句的关系代词的用法。根据此处的句意以及句子结构，可以看出这是一个定语从句，由于受定语从句修饰的先行词指物，而且关系代词在定语从句中是用作主语，所以该定语从句可用关系代词that或which来引导。

65. 填paintings。考查名词的数判断和用法。由于所填之词受到 so many的修饰，所以要用复数形式。

66. 填 by。考查介词的用法。根据英语习惯，表示乘坐交通工具时，若表示交通工具的名词前没有冠词，则用介词 by 来表示乘坐。

67. 填 is。综合考查时态和主谓一致的用法。根据下文的时态可知，空格处应填一般现在时。另外，由于Yangshuo是单数第三人称名词，故填 is。

68. 填conducted。考查非谓语动词的用法。根据句意和句子结构可知，study和conduct之间为被动关系（同时注意空格后的介词by），所以使用过去分词作定语。

69. 填 regularly。考查形容词派生为副词的用法。由于所填之词是用于修饰动词 arrange 的，故要用副词形式。

70. 填 living。考查非谓语动词的用法。由于 people与live之间为主动关系，故用现在分词形式，在此用作后置定语，相当于一个定语从句 who live。

Yangshuo,China

It was raining lightly when I__61__(arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didn‘t care. A few