汽车专业英语2
汽车专业英语(第二版)[111页]
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DEVELOPMENT OF THE AUTOMOBILE(1)
基本要求
(1)熟记课文中的生词和词组用，重点词汇造句 (2)能正确阅读课文 (3)能正确翻译课文内容
DEVELOPMENT OF THE AUTOMOBILE(1)
教学活动设计
★ New Words and Expressions ★ Text Lecture ★ Sentence Reference
2020/5/2
DEVELOPMENT OF THE AUTOMOBILE(1)
Sentence Reference
1…..has been invented …..现在完成时的被动语态。 2. so ……that …… 如此……以至于，结果状语从 句
2020/5/2
UNIT TWO DEVELOPMENT OF THE AUTOMOBILE(2)
2020/5/2
UNIT EIGHT UNIT NINE UNIT TEN UNIT ELEVEN UNIT TWELVE
CHASSIS TRANSMISSION SYSTEM SUSPENSION SYSTEM STEERING SYSTEM BRAKE SYSTEM
2020/5/2
UNIT ONE DEVELOPMENT OF THE AUTOMOBILE(1)
2020/5/2
TYPES OF AUTO
基本要求
(1)熟记课文中的生词和词组用，重点词汇造句 (2)能正确阅读课文 (3)能正确翻译课文内容OF AUTO
New Words and Expressions
2020/5/2
TYPES OF AUTO
Text Lecture
2020/5/2
汽车专业英语 (2)
UNIT 2 AUTOMOTIVE ENGINE
3 . Basic Engine Systems
A spark-ignition engine requires four basic systems to run. Diesel engines require three of these systems.
There are two types of piston engines-spark ignition (SI) and compression ignition (CI) .
Spark-ignition engines use an electric ignition system with spark plugs. Electric sparks at the spark plugs ignite, or set fire, the fuel in the engine cylinders.
UNIT 2 AUTOMOTIVE ENGINE
3 . 3 Lubricating system
The lubricating system has an oil pan at the bottom of the engine which holds several quarts [liters] of oil.
This is called a mid-engine arrangement. Other cars have been built with the engine mounted at
the rear, in back of rear seat. The Volkswagen“ beetle” is an example of rear.
A movable piston in the cylinder is forced down by the expanding gases of combustion.
汽车专业英语(二)共68页
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26、要使整个人生都过得舒适、愉快，这是不可能的，因为人类必须具备一种能应付逆境的态度。——卢梭
汽车专业英语（二）
36、“不可能”这个字(法语是一个字 )，只 在愚人 的字典 中找得 到。--拿 破仑。 37、不要生气要争气，不要看破要突 破，不 要嫉妒 要欣赏 ，不要 托延要 积极， 不要心 动要行 动。 38、勤奋，机会，乐观是成功的三要 素。(注 意：传 统观念 认为勤 奋和机 会是成 功的要 素，但 是经过 统计学 和成功 人士的 分析得 出，乐 观是成 功的第 三要素 。
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27、只有把抱怨环境的心情，化为上进的力量，才是成功的保证。——罗曼·罗兰
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28、知之者不如好之者，好之者不如乐之者。——孔子
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29、勇猛、大胆和坚定的决心能够抵得上武器的精良。——达·芬奇
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30、意志是一个强壮的盲人，倚靠在明眼的跛子肩上。——叔本华
谢谢！
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汽车专业英语第二章
Fig2-1 A Typical combination car instrument panel
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Fig2-2 On-Board Computer of BMW
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2.1 Toyota Corolla Repair Manual
2.1.4 Temperature Gauge
This shows the temperature of the engine's coolant. During normal operation, the pointer should rise from the bottom blue mark to about the middle of the gauge.
Traditional instruments widely use the combination analog displaying instruments, and various measuring instruments are fixed on the dashboard in front of the driver's seat. (Figure 2-1)
Inspect Tachometer – 1. Connect a tune-up test tachometer, and start the engine. 2. Compare the test with tachometer indications.
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2.1 Toyota Corolla Repair l
2.1.3 Fuel Gauge
The fuel gauge displays approximately how much fuel you have in the fuel tank.
汽车专业英语 two
2.1 Main Types of New Energy Automobile
New energy vehicles include hybrid electric vehicles, pure electric vehicles (including solar cars), fuel cell electric vehicles, hydrogen engine cars and other new energy vehicles, etc.
2.2 The Development of New Energy Vehicle History
The definition of new energy vehicles, electric vehicles is a kind of new energy vehicles. The types of new energy vehicles from the original pure electric vehicles to several kinds of new energy vehicles today has experienced a long process, in world history, the invention of the electric car than internal combustion engine car. Therefore, new energy vehicles is one of the most ancient car. The development of new energy vehicles has the following several major stages.
Text Lead In
According to the definition of the national development and reform commission announced in our country, new energy vehicles refers to the use of unconventional vehicle fuel as power source (or use conventional vehicle fuel, using new vehicle power unit), integrated vehicle dynamics control and drive in terms of advanced technology, advanced technology principle of forming, with new technology, new structure of cars. New energy vehicles include the five types of ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱybrid electric vehicle (HEV), pure electric vehicle (BEV, including solar cars), fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) and other new energy (such as super capacitor, flywheel efficient accumulator) cars, etc. Among them, the unconventional vehicle fuel means in addition to gasoline, diesel oil, natural gas (NG), liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) (EG), ethanol gasoline, methanol, dimethyl ether fuel.
汽车专业英语第二章解析
• bearing [‘bəriŋ]n.轴承 • journal[‘ʤə:nəl]n.轴颈 • throw [rou]n.& v.投掷，扔；n.投掷距离，
偏心距离，摆幅；（pl.）曲柄 • attach [ə‘tæt∫]v.附着，连接，固定（to） • reciprocating [ri'siprəkeitiŋ]a.往复的
• 气缸体是发动机的基体。发动机其它的部件 都安装在缸体内或固定在缸体上，它包容了 气缸、水套和油道，以及固定在缸体底部的 曲轴等。
• 2.2.2 Cylinder sleeve:
• The dry sleeve can be cast in or pressed into a new block or used to recondition badly worn damaged cylinders that cannot easily be rebored.
• 2.3.2 Piston assembly:
• Most pistons are made from cast aluminum. The piston, through the connecting rod, transfers to the crankshaft the force created by the burning fuel mixture. This force turns the crankshaft.
• 润滑系的机油泵从油底壳抽出机油，并把 机油输送给发动机的所有工作部件。机油 从油底壳流进流出。因而在油底壳和发动 机的工作部件之间有机油定向循环流动。
2.3 piston, Connecting rod and crankshaft
journal ['dʒə:nl; 'dʒə:nəl ] n. 日志，日记， 期刊
汽车专业英语 Unit2(发动机部分)
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活塞反复运动两次，曲轴转动两周， 四个冲程完成一个工作循环。
四冲程发动机
Four stroke engine
stroke
[strəʊk]
n. 冲程，行程；
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水箱，通过水泵作用，水 通过水道流通整个汽缸体， 进行降温。
水冷却式发动机
Water coolet engine
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风冷，通过空气气流与风扇 作用，空气/风通过发动机整 个汽缸体，进行降温。
进气系统
Cooling system
Intake system Exhaust system
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排气系统
There are four basic components of the automobile : engine , chassis , body and electrical system . 译：汽车有四个基本组成部分，发动机， 底盘，车身和电气系统。 Engine system includes ： ignition system，lubrication system, cooling system, starting system. 译：发动机系统包括：点火系，润滑系， 冷却系，起动系。
1.发动机
electrical system
图示：The basic components of an automobile
4.电气系统
4
•例句分析：
• There are four basic components of the automobile : engine , chassis , body and electrical system . • 中文：basic component --- 基本组成； engine 发动机 • 问题：汽车共四个组成部分：_________、 chassis 底盘 body 车身 __________ 、_________ electrical system电气系统 ___________________ 。
汽车专业英语课件Unit 2 Automobile Basics
➢ Words Building
Task III. Match the following English terms with the equivalent Chinese
items.
A Байду номын сангаас--front and rear suspensions 1. ( )左右后侧围板，简称车身板
B --- rear axles
D. Yes, you can.
2. A. Don’t worry about it.
B. Why not.
C. Here you are.
D. Of course, please.
3. A. No, you needn’t.
B. No, you can’t.
C. I can’t believe it.
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➢ Words Building Task I. Choose the best answer from the four choices A, B, C and D. ( ) 1. These streams of functionality can ________into vertical slices of the application. A. be divided B. divide C. to divided D. divided ( ) 2. The American young are well-meaning but misguided, and must not themselves be taken _______guides A. for B. with C. as D. to ( ) 3. Regardless of the type of business you own, your work will be composed ____ ___those three items. A. as B. of C. with D. for ( ) 4. The scientists are still working on ___ ____ new methods of reaching outer space. A. invention B. inventor C. invent D. inventing ( ) 5. To my ________, no researchers have come close to doing this. A. know B. knowing C. known D. knowledge
汽车专业英语unit2 Automobile Brands
Listening and Speaking
Listen again and answer the questions. 1.Are they visiting an auto show ? 2.What does Li Hua like ? 3.How many brands does he like best? 4. What car brands does Li Hua like best?
Words and expressions
auto ['ɔ:təʊ] n. <美>汽车 international [ˌɪntə'næʃnəl] adj. 国际的 domestic [dəˈmɛstɪk] adj. 国内的 brand [brænd] n. 品牌 sedan [sɪ'dæn] n.轿车 Audi [‘audi] 奥迪 Ford [fɔ:d] 福特 Lincoln [' lɪŋkən] 林肯 Hyundai 现代 Volkswagen [' vo:lks va:gen] 群众汽车 Lamborghini 兰博基尼 Ferrari 法拉利
Listening and Speaking
Listen to the dialogue and repeat.
(Xiao Ming and Li Hua are visiting an auto show.) Xiao Ming: Look, Li Hua , there are many nice autos. They are very cool. Do you think so? Li Hua: Yes, I think so. Oh, look, this is the international brand car. And that is the domestic brand car. Xiao Ming: Yes, you are right. Which brand car do you like better?. Li Hua: I like the international brand car. They are very beautiful. Xiao Ming: Ok, good. How many do you know? Li Hua: I know a lot of them, but I like 5 brand cars best. Xiao Ming: What are they? Li Hua: They are Audi , Ford, BMW, Lincoln, Hyundai and Volkswagen.
汽车专业英语Unit 2
控制器局域网CAN总线技术
现代汽车中所使用的电子控制系统 和通讯系统越来越多，如发动机电 控系统、 自动变速器控制系统、 防抱死制动系统(ABS)、自动巡航 系统(ACC)和车载多媒体系统等， 这些系统之间。系统和汽车的显示 仪表之间，系统和汽车故障诊断系 统之间均需要进行数据交换，如此 巨大的数据交换量，如仍然采用传 统数据交换的方法，即用导线进行 点对点的连接的传输方式将是难以 想象的，据统计，如采用普通线索， 一个中级轿车就需要线索插头300 个左右，插针总数将达到2000个 左右，线索总长超过1. 6Km，不但 装配复杂而且故障率会很高。因此， 用串行数据传输系统取而代之就成 为必然的选择
TCS 牵引力控制系统
TCS是英文Traction Control System 三个字的简写，中文为「循迹控制系 统」就是防止轮胎打滑空转控制系统。 即牵引力控制系统。汽车在光滑路面 制动时，车轮会打滑，甚至使方向失 控。同样，汽车在起步或急加速时， 驱动轮也有可能打滑，在冰雪等光滑 路面上还会使方向失控而出危险。 TCS就是针对此问题而设计的。TCS 依靠传感器探测到从动轮速度低于驱 动轮时（这是打滑的特征），就会发 出一个信号，调节点火时间、减小气 门开度、减小油门、降挡或制动车轮， 从而使车轮不再打滑。防止车辆失控 甩尾。 TCS可以提高汽车行驶稳定 性，提高加速性，提高爬坡能力。原 来只是豪华轿车上才安装TCS，现在 许多普通轿车上也有。TCS如果和 ABS相互配合使用，将进一步增强汽 车的安全性能。
汽车的几种表示法
car [kɑ:] n.车辆,(小)汽车, 电车
auto ['ɔ:təu] n.汽车
automobile [ɔ:təmə‘bi:l] n.汽车;机动车
汽车专业英语2
Fig.1.4-13 Timing Gears and the Important Words
manifold retainer cam gallery pivot rotation
mechanism lifter hydraulic clearance lobe idler
Sensors, ECU and Injectors
New Words
combustible sensor contaminant impurity electromagnet diaphragm load solenoid
emission pulsation maximum strainer plunger ratio oxygen circuit
ACL ECM RPM ECU MAP
Assign the Homework
Recite the professional words,phases and abbreviations of the EFI.
Main Components in the Air Induction System
♣ air cleaner ♣ air flow meter ♣ throttle valve ♣ air intake chamber ♣ intake manifold runner ♣ intake valve
Phrases and Expressions
fuel delivery system
air induction system
electronic control system throttle valve
intake manifold runner
air intake chamber
汽车专业英语2版参考译文 - 第1章 一般信息
第1章一般信息1.1汽车的基本组成今天的一般汽车有15000多个必须相互配合才能工作的单个零件。
这些零件可分为四类：发动机、车身、底盘和电气设备，见图1-1.图1-1 汽车的基本组成发动机用作动力装置，有两种类型：汽油机（也叫做点燃式发动机）和柴油机（也叫做压燃式发动机）。
所有的发动机都有燃料供给系统、排气系统、冷却系统和润滑系统。
汽油机还有点火系统。
点火系统的作用是提供点燃缸内空气-燃油混合气所需要的电火花。
燃料供给系统的作用是存储液态燃料并将其供入发动机。
在化油器内，在进气歧管内或者在气缸内，燃料与空气混合，从而形成可燃混合气。
冷却系统的作用是从发动机上除去多余的热量。
利用空气和冷却液将热量带走。
润滑系统对于保持发动机平稳运转非常重要。
发动机油是润滑系统使用的润滑剂。
1.1.1 车身汽车车身（图1-2）对发动机、乘客和货物起保护作用。
车身的设计应保持乘客安全而舒适。
车身的造型应为车辆一个极具吸引力、鲜艳的、时髦的外表。
车身被制成流线型，以便减小空气阻力，并防止高速时汽车摆动。
图1-2 汽车车身1.1.3 底盘底盘包括传动系统、悬架系统、转向系统和制动系统。
传动系统包括离合器、变速器、传动轴、后桥与差速器以及驱动轮。
离合器或液力变矩器的任务是切断和连接发动机与汽车驱动轮之间的动力传递。
变速器的主要作用是在发动机与驱动轮之间提供一个传动比选择，从而使车辆在所有的行驶条件下都能够满意地工作。
档位的选择可以由驾驶员手动进行，或者靠液压系统自动选择。
传动轴的作用是将动力从变速器传递给后桥-差速器总成的输入轴。
柔性接头允许后桥和后轮上下运动，却不会影响工作。
后桥-差速器总成将发动机旋转动力的传递方向改变90度，从传动轴传到后桥，再到后轮。
它的另一个作用是让每个驱动轮以不同的转速转动。
第三个作用是引入一个传动比，对转矩进行放大。
悬架系统的基本作用是吸收路面凹凸不平所引起的冲击（否则的话，这些冲击将会传递给车辆及其乘客），因此，不管道路条件怎样恶劣，有助于将车辆保持在可控制的笔直的路线上。
汽车专业英语 2 Internal combustion engine
2.3 Piston, Connecting rod and Crankshaft
Piston ring 活塞环
Piston pin 活塞销
Connecting rod 连杆
Shell bearing 轴瓦
Cap 连杆盖
Piston (crown＼skirt) 活塞（头部＼裙部）
Small-end 连杆小头 Big-end 连杆大头 Flywheel 飞轮
点火系
• Starting system
起动系
• Lubrication system 润滑系
• Exhaust system
排气系统
2.2 Engine block and cylinder head
The engine block is the basic frame of the engine. All other engine parts either fit inside it or fasten to it. It holds the cylinders, water jackets, and oil galleries. The engine block also holds the crankshaft, which fastens to the bottom of the block. The camshaft also fits inside the block, except on overhead-cam engines (OHC). In most cars, this block is made of gray iron, or an alloy (mixture) of gray iron and other metals, such as nickel or chromium. Engine blocks are castings.
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UNIT TWO P18An automobile probably has about 7,000 different parts in it. Some of them make it more comfortable or better looking, but most of them are to make it run.一台车可能有７０００多个不同的零件。
一些使它更舒适或外观更好看。
但大部分是使它能运转的。
The three basic components of the automobile are the engine, chassis and body.汽车基本三大组成部分是发动机，底盘和车身．The engine converts the fuel energy into mechanical power. An internal combustion engine powers our modern automobile. The engine burns its fuel within the engine proper, as compared to a steam engine where the fuel is burned externally. The gasoline and air mixture of the internal combustion engine is compressed by a piston inside an airtight cylinder and ignited by a spark. The trapped air-fuel mixture burns fiercely, causing tremendous heat which expands the trapped gases and pushes the piston down. This is the motive power of the automobile. The automobile engine is essentially a heat engine. It requires fuel to burn, a spark to ignite, lubrication to minimize friction, and a cooling system to dissipate unwanted heat.发动机把燃油的能量转化成机械能．内燃机给现代的汽车提供动力。
发动机在其内部燃烧油料，相比蒸汽机是在外部燃烧燃料。
内燃机汽油和空气的混合物通过密封汽缸内的活塞压缩，由火花塞点燃。
被密封的空气燃料混合物剧烈燃烧，产生很高的热量，使压缩气体膨胀并推动活塞下降。
这就是汽车的原动力。
汽车发动机实质上是个热能发动机。
它需要燃料燃烧，火花塞点燃，润滑剂减小摩擦，还要有冷却系统来驱散多余的热量。
The fuel system takes a correctly proportioned mixture of gasoline and air to burn and develop the power needed to push the piston down the cylinder. To store, mix, and deliver this air-fuel mixture is the duty of the fuel system.燃油系统吸取适量比例的汽油空气混合物进行燃烧并传递能量，推动汽缸向下运动．储存，混合和传递空气燃油混合物是燃油系统的工作．When the explosive mixture of air and gasoline is compressed tightly, a spark is sent through the mixture, setting it on fire, which results in the heat and expansion used to push the piston down the cylinder. The ignition system furnishes a spark to each spark plug when its cylinder is full of the compressed air-fuel mixture.当空气和汽油的爆炸性混合物被压紧，火花塞通过混合物，点燃气体。
产生的热量和膨胀力推动活塞在汽缸内下降。
当其内部充满空气燃油混合物时，燃油系统给每个火花塞提供火星．The lubrication system provides a constant flow of filtered oil to all moving parts of the engine. The system consists of an oil pan to store the oil, a pump to circulate it, a filter to remove solid abrasive particles, and an oil gauge or light in the driver’s compartment for checking purposes.润滑系统连续不断地给发动机所有运动部件提供过滤油脂．此系统包括储存油的油底壳，循环油的油泵，带走固体腐蚀颗粒的过滤器，以及在司机舱内用于测量的油压表或灯．The engine derives its power from burning fuel. Unfortunately, not all of this heat can be used, and, if allowed to remain in the engine, it would soon destroy it. The temperature of the burning air/fuel mixture About 4500°F. Compare this with the boiling point of water, 212°F, and the melting point of iron, 2500°F. If this unused heat were not removed, the engine would soon melt. 发动机的动力来自燃烧的燃油，然而不是所有的热量都被使用，而且如果让这些热量留在发动机内，它会很快损毁发动机的。
空气燃料混合物燃烧时温度达到约4500°F．与水的沸点212°F和钢铁的熔点2500°F相比，如果这些剩余的热量不被带走的话，发动机会很快熔化的．The coolant of the cooling system picks up the excess combustion heat as it is circulated throughthe block and heads by a centrifugal-type pump, delivered to the radiator where it is cooled, and then returned to the water pump for recirculation.冷却系统的冷却液由离心泵推动在缸体和缸盖间循环，带走多余的内燃热量。
传递给散热器冷却，然后回到水泵进行再循环。
The chassis comprises the drive line, running gear (undercarriage) and control mechanism.底盘由传动系，齿轮和控制装置组成。
The drive line consists of mechanisms and units which transmit torque from the engine to the drive wheels and change torque and rpm in magnitude and direction. Among these mechanisms and units are the clutch, transmission (gear box), propeller shaft, and final drive comprising differential and axle shaft.传动系由传递发动机扭距给驱动轮，并转换扭距和转速大小和方向的机构和单元组成。
这些机构和单元包含离合，变速箱，传动轴，主减速器包含差速器和桥轴．The clutch is a friction device used to connect and disconnect a driving force from a driven member. It is used in conjunction with an engine flywheel to provide smooth engagement and disengagement of the engine and manual transmission. Since an internal combustion engine develops little power or torque at low rpm, it must gain speed before it will move the vehicle. However, if a rapidly rotating engine is suddenly connected to the drive line of a stationary vehicle, a violent shock will result.离合器是个摩擦装置用于连接和解除其他传动装置的力矩．它用于连接发动机飞轮，使得发动机和手动变速箱可以自由连接和解除．由于内燃机发动机在低转速下产生很小的力量，所以在发动车辆的之前必须先加速．然而，如果一个快速运转的发动机突然连接到静止状态的传动系，必然会导致强烈的振动．A transmission is a speed and power changing device installed at some point between the engine and driving wheels of the vehicle. It provides a means for changing the ratio between engine rpm and driving wheel rpm to best meet each particular driving situation. It converts torque in magnitude and the direction, allows the automobile to move forth and back and the engine to be disconnected from the drive line for a longer period of time.变速箱是安装在发动机和驱动轮之间的速度和动力改变装置．它提供改变发动机和驱动轮转速比率拉一适应各种行使条件的方法。