人教新目标英语八年级下册总复习资料

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初中英语总复习资料——八年级下(人教版)

初中英语总复习资料——八年级下(人教版)一．知识网络【重点内容概要】1．应答与邀请2．简单句的五种根本句型3．情态动词can，may，must的用法4．When，before，after等连词引导的时间状语从句和if引导的条件状语从句5．Have to的用法6．系动词7．不定式作宾语的用法8．不定代词的用法9．表示容量的词和食品名称连用，以说明食品的数量10．交际工程：1〕问路和指路2〕制止和警告3〕看病11．理解并运用并列句12．形容词和副词的比拟级，以及它们之间等级的转换13．冠词的用法14．过去进展时用法15．表示祝贺、祝愿、劝告和建议的交际用语，以及表示“确信〞的根本句型常考题型：选择题、句型转换及用所给词的适当形式填空【句型、词组精讲】1. Could you ask him to call me, please? 请你让他给我回好吗？ask sb. to do sth. 请某人做某事，ask sb. not to do sth.请某人不要做某事。

不定式在句中作宾语补足语。

适用于该句型的动词还有want, tell, like, would like, teach等。

如：The teacher asked Sam not to be late. 教师叫萨姆不要迟到。

Liu Ying told me to wait for her at home. 刘英让我在家里等她。

Mr. Zhang often teaches his Japanese friends to cook Chinese food. 张先生常常教他的日本朋友做中国菜。

2. But there were not enough people to pick them. 但是他们没有足够多的人来摘苹果。

enough在此是形容词，意为“足够的〞，它修饰名词时，通常放在名词之前，有时放在名词之后。

enough作副词修饰形容词和副词时，放在它们的后面。

英语人教版新目标八年级下册知识整理Unit4

【英语】八年级||下册教材全梳理(Unit4 He said I was hard -working )知识·巧学生词巧解【词析】音析:元音字母a读［］.形析:形近词sad(忧愁的;悲哀的)义析:angry and crazy【典句】He was mad with joy.他欣喜假设狂.【拓展】固定搭配：be mad at/with =be angry with/at 生……的气【词析】音析:元音字母a发［ｅ］,ore在词尾读作［］.形析:any(任何) +more(更多)义析:any longer,from now on【典句】He doesn ,t come here anymore.他再也不到这儿来了.【拓展】可构成not...anymore词组,也可写成no more .表达"不再〞的词组还有not...any longer/no longer,no more 和no longer用于句末.【辨析】not...anymore/no more与not...any longer/no longernot...anymore/no more指做某事次数不再增加,多与瞬间动词连用;not...any longer/no longer指时间上不再延续,多与持续性动词连用.first of all 首||先【词析】形析:first(第|一) +of +all(所有)义析:at first,the beginning【典句】First of all,you should think,and then speak.你应该先考虑,后开口.【拓展】first of all的同义词为at first,反义词为at last,in the end,finally等.【词析】音析:元音字母e发［e］,a发［I］.形析:mess(混乱) +age(年龄)义析:information,news sent to sb.in writing or speech【典句】Will you take this message to your brother?把这个便条捎给你哥哥好吗?【拓展】与message有关的词组有:give sb. a message 给……传个口信take a message for sb. 为……捎个口信leave a message 留言pass on 传递【词析】义析:take sth.to different places【典句】Let us now pass on to the next subject.现在让我们看看下一个题目.【拓展】后接宾语时可以构成pass on sth. to sb./pass on sb. sth.,当宾语为代词时只能用前一种.【词析】音析:重读开音节词,u读作［］,元音字母o发本音［］.形析:sup(超) +pose(姿态)义析:think about sth.that is not real now【典句】Let ,s suppose (that) the news is true.让我们假定这消息是真的 .【拓展】固定搭配:be supposed to被期望或被要求do well in 在……方面做得好【典句】I do well in drawing.我擅长画画.【拓展】be good at 相当于do well in,意思为"擅长……〞.be good at 的比较级||为be better at,do well in 的比较级||为do better in .be in good health 身体健康【词析】形析:be +in(在……状态下) +good(好的) +health(健康)义析:keep healthy,keep fit【典句】I hope you are in good health.我希望你身体健康.【拓展】表示身体健康的其他短语有:be healthy 健康的stay/keep healthy 保持健康【词析】形析:er读作[],ou读作［］.形析:nerv(e)(神经的) + -ous(形容词后缀)义析:not relaxed,not comfortable【典句】I felt very nervous when I went into his office.当我走进他的办公室时,我感到很紧张.【拓展】固定搭配：be nervous about对……感到紧张【词析】音析:重读闭音节词,字母u读作[],i和y读作［I］.形析:lucky(幸运的)变y为i + -ly(副词后缀)义析:fortunately【典句】Luckily,the police came right away.很幸运,警察马上就来了.【拓展】1)同根词：luck n.运气;lucky adj.幸运的2)反义词：unluckily【词析】音析:元音字母u读作［］,词尾的e不发音.形析:形近词blue(蓝色)义析:right,not against【典句】Is it true that you are rich?你很富有是真的吗?【拓展】同根词：truth n.真理；truly adv.真实地【词析】音析:ow读作［］.形析:形近词town(城镇)义析:belong to oneself【典句】She makes her own clothes.她自己做衣服.【拓展】own作为形容词意为"自己的〞,常用在表示所有格的词后起强调作用.作为动词意为"拥有〞,名词为owner(主人) .轻轻告诉你Every heart has its own sorrow.各人有各人的苦恼.get over 克服;恢复;原谅【词析】形析:get(得到) +over(在上面)义析:recover,forgive sb.【典句】Can we get over this difficulty?我们能克服这个困难吗?【拓展】与get有关的词组有:get to 到达get on 上车get off 下车get ready for 为……作准备get up 起床【词析】音析:第|一个a读作［］,第二个a读作[I] .义析:person who finish the study in a college【典句】Two thirds of the graduates find jobs.三分之二的毕业生找到了工作.【拓展】作为动词意为"毕业〞可构成graduate from "毕业于……〞.【词析】音析:闭音节词,字母i读作\I\] .形析:形近词than(比)义析:not dense or concentrated【典句】The air there is very thin.那里的空气很稀薄.【拓展】作"稀薄的〞讲时反义词为thick,作"瘦的〞讲时反义词为fat .【词析】音析:字母e和i均读作［I］,sion读作［］.形析:deci(de)(决定) +sion(名词后缀)义析:something you must make a choice at one time【典句】She could not make a decision about the dresses.她对(买不买)这衣服下不了决心.【拓展】make a decision to do sth. =decide to do sth.(决定做某事)【词析】音析:ar读作［］.形析:star(星星) +t义析:begin【典句】If you are ready,you may start your work.如果你准备好了,你可以开始工作了.【拓展】start作为动词"开始〞时与begin同义,其后可接动名词或动词不定式.【辨析】begin与start一般情况下,这两个词都可接动名词或动词不定式,二者用法相同.以下两种情况下只能用start,而不用begin .1)当机器"开动、发动〞时.2)作为"旅途〞开始时.care for 照顾,照料【词析】形析:care(关心) +for(为了……)义析:take care of,look after【典句】The boy is too young to care for himself.这个男孩太小,不能照顾自己.【词析】音析:元音字母a发本音［eI］,字母组合er发［］.形析:d +anger (愤怒)义析:risk;a source or an instance of risk or peril【典句】In war,life is full of danger for everyone.在战争中,每个人的生活都充满了危险.【拓展】1)与danger有关的词组有:in danger 在危险中out of danger 出险;脱险2)danger的形容词形式：dangerous例句精讲Section ALana thinks she ,s coming to my house to study.拉娜以为她要到我家来学习.【巧解句构】这是一个含有宾语从句的主从复合句,主句为一般现在时态,从句是用趋向性动词come的现在分词表将来.【拓展延伸】宾语从句的时态必须与主句照应:当主句中谓语是现在或将来时态,从句谓语不受主句谓语时态的影响,可以按需要使用任何时态,例如:She says that she has never been to Mount Tai.1)当主句谓语为过去时态,从句中的时态一般为过去的某种时态.例如:He said he had finished his homework.2)当从句表达的是某一客观真理(事实)时,主句无论是何种时态,从句那么用一般现在时.例如:He said that light travels much faster than sound.误区警示假设宾语从句跟在动词think,believe,suppose,expect等表示"要,认为〞等的动词后时,句子的否认表达在主句上,这就是"否认转移〞现象.例如:I don ,t think you are right.我认为你不正确.I don ,t believe he has finished his work.我相信他还没有完成他的工作.Section B 3a1.I was sorry to hear that he had a cold last week.我听说他上周感冒了觉得很难过.【巧解句构】这是一句包含宾语从句的主从复合句.主句是过去时态,从句也用过去时态.本句中that变为了宾语从句he had a cold last week的引导词.【要点剖析】I was sorry to hear that...是表示遗憾的常用语,意为"我听到……很遗憾〞.have a cold意为"患感冒〞还可以写成catch a cold .类似的词组还有:have a cough 咳嗽have a fever 发烧have a headache 头疼2.I had a really hard time with science this semester,and I wasn ,t surprised to find that my worst report was from my science(科学)teacher.这学期我的科学课学得确实很吃力,所以当我看到最||糟糕的评价来自于科学课老师时,我毫不吃惊.【巧解句构】这是一句由and连接的并列句.前一个分句是简单句,后一个分句是包含宾语从句的主从复合句,主句I wasn ,t surprised to find "我毫不吃惊地发现……〞,不定式的动词find后面带一个由that引导的宾语从句.【要点剖析】词组have a hard time with sth.意为"应付某事很费力〞;be surprised to意为"对……感到吃惊〞,不定式后接动词的原形.surprised为形容词,surprise为名词构成to one ,s surprise(使……惊奇的是)词组.【辨析比较】surprised 和surprising1)当人作主语或修饰与人有关的词时用以ed结尾的形容词.2)当物作主语或修饰与物有关的词时用以ing结尾的形容词.例如:We are surprised to hear the surprising news.我们听到那条令人惊讶的新闻感到非常吃惊.3.The good news is that my math teacher said I was hard -working.好消息是数学老师说我很用功 .【巧解句构】这是一句包含表语从句的主从复合句 .主句the good news is使用的是一般现在时,表示目前的情况.由that引导的从句my math teacher said I was hard working在句中充当表语,使用的是一般过去时,陈述过去.其中又包含一个从句I was hard working,作said的宾语.【拓展延伸】表语从句于主句中的系动词之后,主要有四类:1)由连词who,what,which 等引导的表语从句.这些词不但可以起连接作用,还可以在句中作主语、宾语和表语.例如:China is not what she was yesterday.中|国已不再是以前的那个中|国了.2)由不充当任何句子成分的连词that,whether引起的表语从句.例如:What I mean is that we should help each other.我的意思是我们应该互相帮助.The problem is whether we can finish the work on time.问题是我们能不能按时完成工作.3)由连接副词when,where,why,how 引导的表语从句 .例如:This is when I really get to know Americans.我这时才开始认识美|国人.4)由连词as,because,as if,as though 引导的表语从句.例如:It looks as if it is going to rain tonight.看起来好似今晚要下雨.Self Check 2Last week in school we had a big fight,and she didn ,t talk to me.上周在学校我们大吵了一架,她不和我说话了 .【巧解句构】这是一个and连接的前后均是一般过去时态的并列句.【要点剖析】1)短语have a fight意为"吵架〞,后面接宾语时要加上介词with,即have a fight with等同于fight with sb.(此时的fight为动词) .2)短语talk to sb.意为"与……谈话/交谈〞,to也可以被with替换 .如果talk后面接的是"某事〞那么介词用about即talk about sth. .She said helping others changed her life.1.Teaching high school students in a poor mountain village in Gansu Province may not sound like fun to you.在甘肃省一个贫困山村教中学生,在你听来也许并不有趣 .【巧解句构】该句是个简单句.这句话的主语很长,一个动名词短语(teaching high school students "教中学生〞)加上两个地点状语(in a poor mountain village "贫困山村〞和in Gansu Province "甘肃省〞)构成了本句的主语.谓语局部那么使用了sound like短语,表示"听来并不有趣〞.【要点剖析】短语sound like 意为"听起来像……〞,sound是一个系动词,类似的词还有:feel,smell,taste,look,get,turn等.2.She said that both she and her husband thought this was a good idea.她和她丈夫都认为这是一件很好的事.【巧解句构】该句是个复合句,said后面的that引导的是宾语从句,是said的内容;句中的thought后面也是一个宾语从句,但省略了引导词that .通常宾语从句由that引导时,常可省去that,但said后的that常保存.【要点剖析】词组both...and...意为"(两者)都〞是并列连词可以连接两个人或物一起作主语.反义词为neither...nor...,它们的用法不同:neither...nor...引导的词作主语时谓语动词与nor 后的词保持一致即就近原那么;both...and...无此用法 .3.There is no difference between you and them.你和他们之间没有不同.【巧解句构】该句是一个there be句型,名词difference作句子的真正主语,no相当于not any .There is no difference between...and...意为"在……和……之间没有区别〞 .如果表示"有区别〞,那么使用There is a difference between...and...或者There are differencesbetween...and... .【要点剖析】词组between...and...表示"在……之间〞,between只用于二者之间.【拓展延伸】there be句型的一些用法:1)主谓一致谓语动词要采取就近一致原那么,和靠近be的主语一致.例如:There is a pen,two rulers in the box.盒子里有一只钢笔,两把尺子.There are two boys and a teacher at the school gate.门口有两个男孩,一个老师.2)主语后的动词形式在there be 句型中,主语与动词是主动关系时用现在分词;是被动关系时用过去分词.例如: There is a purse lying on the ground.地上有一个钱包.There are five minutes left now.现在还有5分钟.3)反意疑问句反意疑问句应与there be对应,而不是依据主语.例如:There is a radio on the table,isn ,t there?桌子上有一台收音机,是吧?There are more than fifty classes in your school,aren ,t there?你们学校有50个班,是吧?4)there be 与have的替换there be表示所属时可与have替换.There is nothing but a book in my bag. =I have nothing but a book in my bag.在我包里只有一本书.记忆要诀there be 句型的谓语歌诀there be句型可译"有〞,be 动词跟着名词走.名词单数不可数,当用is记清楚.如果名词是复数,用are一定要记住.出现并列主语特殊记, "就近原那么〞用仔细.4.I can open up my students , eyes to the outside world and give them a good start in life.我能为我的学生翻开眼界看外面的世|界,并且给他们的生活一个好的开始 .【巧解句构】该句是一个含有情态动词的一般现在时态的简单句,and连接前后两个并列谓语.【要点剖析】1)短语open up one ,s eyes 意为"使……开眼界〞.2)动词give有两种用法:give sb. sth.和give sth. to sb. .5.When her year was over,she said that she would return to the area after finishing her studies.一年期满时她说:毕业后她会回到这个地方.【巧解句构】该句是个包含时间状语从句和宾语从句的主从复合句.时间状语从句when her year was over意为"当她的一年(支教)期结束时……〞.主句是一个间接引语,that...studies作said的宾语从句,时态为过去将来时,说明是在"当时〞要离开的时候,杨蕾承诺"将来〞要回到这个地方;在这个宾语从句中after finishing her studies作为一个时间状语,点明了她将要回来的时间为"完成学业后〞.【要点剖析】1)短语be over意为"结束〞.2)return to...意为"返回……〞.语法解读直接引语和间接引语引述或转述别人的话称为"引语〞.直接引用别人的原话,两边用引号"〞标出,叫做直接引语;用自己的语言转述别人的话,不需要引号,叫做间接引语,实际上间接引语大都是宾语从句,其中由祈使句转换的间接引语除外,其转换后是不定式.那么直接引语为陈述句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句和祈使句,转换为间接引语时,句子的结构,人称、时态、时间状语和地点状语等都要有变化,如何变化呢?一、人称的转变下面有一句顺口溜"一随主,二随宾,第三人称不更新〞可以帮助我们记忆."一随主〞是指在直接引语变间接引语时,如果从句中的主语是第|一人称或被第|一人称所修饰,从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化.例如:He said, "I am very happy.〞He said that he was very happy."二随宾〞是指直接引语变间接引语时,假设从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人称所修饰,从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致.如果引号外的主句没有宾语,也可以用第|一人称,例如:She said to her son, "I ,ll check your homework tonight.〞She said to her son that she would check his homework that night."You should be more careful next time,〞my grandfather said.My grandfather said that I should be more careful the next time."第三人称不更新〞是指直接引语变间接引语时,如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰,从句中的人称一般不需要变化.例如:Mr.Smith said, "Jack is a good student.〞→ Mr.Smith said Jack was a good student.总之,人称的转换不是固定的,具体情况、具体对待,要符合逻辑.二、时态的转换直接引语改为间接引语时,主句中的谓语动词如果是过去时,从句(即间接引语局部)的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化,变成过去时范畴的各种时态(实际也是宾语从句的时态要求),变化如下:一般现在时→一般过去时现在进行时→过去进行时现在完成时→过去完成时一般将来时→过去将来时一般过去时→过去完成时过去完成时→不变过去进行时→不变例如:1. "I am very glad to visit the Great Wall ,〞she said.→She said she was very glad to visit the Great Wall.2.Jim said, "We are listening to the music.〞→Jim said that they were listening to the music.3.Mother asked, "Have you finished your homework before nine o ,clock?〞→Mother asked me whether I had finished my homework before nine o ,clock.4.He asked the policeman, "Where shall I find the nearest bookshop?〞→He asked the policeman where he would find the nearest bookshop.5. "Why did she go there?〞the teacher asked.→The teacher asked why she had gone there.6.Mother asked me, "Had you finished your homework before supper?〞→Mother asked me whether I had finished my homework before supper.7.Tom said, "We were having a football match this time yesterday.〞→Tom said that they were having a football match that time the day before.三、结构的转换1.陈述句.用连词that引导,that在口语中常省略.主句的谓语动词可用直接引语中的said,也可用told来代替,注意,可以说said that,said to sb. that,told sb. that,不可直接说told that .例如:He said, "I have been to the West Lake.〞He said to us that he had been to the West Lake.He said, "I ,ll give you an exam next week.〞He told us that he would give us an exam the next week.(不可说told that)此外主句中的谓语还常用repeat,answer,reply,explain,think等.例如:He said, "I ,m late because of the heavy snow.〞He explained to us that he was late because of the heavy snow.2.直接引语为一般疑问句,也称是否疑问句,间接引语用连词whether或if引导,原主句中谓语动词said要改为asked(me/him/us等),语序是陈述句的语序,这一点非常重要.例如：He said, "Do you have any difficulty with this work?〞He asked (me) whether/if I had any difficulty with this work.3.直接引语为特殊疑问句,改成间接引语时,原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词,主句的谓语动词用ask(sb.)来表达,语序改为陈述句语序.例如:He asked me, "How many classrooms have been built in your school?〞He asked me how many classrooms had been built in our school.4.直接引语为祈使句时,改为间接引语,用带to的不定式表达,谓语动词常是ask,advise,tell,warn,order,request等.如ask sb.to do,(由肯定祈使句变成)ask sb.not to do(由否认祈使句转变),并且在不定式短语中的时间状语、地点状语、人称及时态都作相应的变化.例如:He said, "Be quiet,please.〞He asked us to be quiet."Don ,t touch anything in the lab,〞the teacher said.The teacher warned the students not to touch anything in the lab.四、时间状语和地点状语的转换在直接引语中在间接引语中指示代词this thatthose表示时间的词now thenthat daythat week(month,etc.)the day beforethe week(month,etc.)beforethree days (a year ,etc.)beforethe next (following) daythe next (following)week (month,etc.)表地点的词动词there take go但要注意在以下几种情况,直接引语变为间接引语时,时态一般不变化:1.直接引语是客观真理."The earth moves around the sun ,〞the teacher told me.→The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun.2.直接引语如果是一般现在时,表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作.例如:He said, "I get up at seven every morning.〞→He said he gets up at seven every morning.3.如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式(例如:had better,used to)和已经是过去时的形式时,(例如:could,should,would,might)不再变.例如:Peter said, "You had better come have today.〞→Peter said I had better go there that day.听说速递1.表达观点I think you are...我想你是……I think you are right.Thank you.I think you are good at English.I think you are lazy.I think you are hard working.2.表达问候How ,s it going?一切都顺利吗?Does everything go well?Is everything going well?How are you?Fine,thanks.Best wishes to you.3.表达遗憾I ,m sorry to hear that...我听到……很遗憾.What a pity!I ,m sorry.It ,s unfair for you.4.表达希望I hope that...我希望……I hope that you are better now.I hope you are happy.Have a good time!Have a good trip.读写指导如何写好限制性作文【点石成金】1.仔细审题,明确要求.对题目所提供的信息要认真分析,明确要求,做到心中有数.要对所提供的信息加以分析、整理,使之更加具体化、条理化,为开始动笔作好前期准备工作.还要搞清这那么题目的要求是写短文、日记、信件还是便条等,以便根据不同的题材、体裁,写出不同格式、风格各异的文章.此外,也应注意所要求的人称、时间、地点、人物等信息,防止用错.2.抓住重点,寻求思路.根据题目所提供的信息,草拟一个提纲,寻求逻辑次序,确定从何下手,再围绕这一次序,周密选词、选句,以便更加贴近主题;否那么,语无伦次的文章将不会被人接受.3.用词恰当,表达流畅.在写作过程中,万一哪个词想不起来了,千万不能空着或不写,最||好找一个同义词或用其同义句、同义词组(短语)代替.表达中不写没有把握的句子,尽可能用自己熟悉的词和句子来表达意思.表达中,尽可能采用一些简单句,并使前后句、上下文过渡自然.正确使用and,or,but,because,so等词以便使行文自然流畅,使人读后不至||于有"死水一潭〞之感觉.还应注意各种时态、语态和各种句式的交替使用,使文章显得得体、大方、错落有致.4.成文之后全面检查全文.着重看是否存在以下问题:格式、拼写、标点、扣题、不标准英文、时态、语态、主谓一致、冠词、介词、单复数、比较级||别、顺序、大小写、代词等用法错误或使用不当.【常用词汇】ever,mad,anymore,pass on,suppose,do well in,in good health,nervous,worst,lucky,hers,own,get over,meter,ate,decision,open up,start,care for,danger 【常用句型】1)What did...say?……说什么了?2)He said I could...他说我能……3)He told me he would...他告诉我他将……4)Mary said she would...玛丽说她将……5)I think you are... 我想你是……6)How ,s it going?一切都顺利吗?7)I ,m sorry to hear that... 我听到……很遗憾.8)I hope that... 我希望……9)Really?You ,re lucky.真的?你真幸运 .典题·热题例1 (2021福建福州模拟) -Do you know _________?-She came by bus.A.when she got to schoolB.why she was late for classC.how she came to school this morningD.how many times she was late for class思路解析:此题考查宾语从句的用法.主句为一般现在时态,从句可以根据表达的需要选择任何时态.根据答语可知,从句应用一般过去时态.由"by bus〞可知,对于交通工具提问只能用"how〞.答案:C误区警示此题有两处误区：一是时态,主句为一般现在时态,从句往往会误用一般现在时态；二是语序,忽略宾语从句需用陈述句语序.例2 (2021浙江杭州模拟) -Why didn ,t Alice come to the party last night?-I don ,t know _________.A.why didn ,t sheB.why she didn ,tC.why did sheD.why she did思路解析:宾语从句应用陈述句语序,故A、C项错,由题意可知,是"我不知道她为什么不来〞应用否认句,故D项错.答案:B例3 (2021湖北黄冈模拟) -Can you see ___________?-No,let ,s go and have a look.Maybe we can help them.A.what was happening thereB.what are they doing thereC.what are they talking aboutD.what is happening there思路解析:此题考查的是宾语从句的用法.当问及"你能看见……〞时,可知事情正在进行,因此应该用现在进行时态,故A不对.宾语从句应按陈述句语序排列,故B、C两项不对.D项中的what作主语,故D项是正确的.答案:D例4 (2021南通模拟) When you are sleeping,you had better _______ all your windows closed.,t keep B.not keepC.not to keepD.not keeping思路解析:此题考查had better的用法 .had better无论是用在肯定句还是在否认句中,后面都只能接动词原形.因此,C、D项均错.而had better的否认形式为had better not,故A错.答案:B误区警示better为形容词good和副词well的比较级||,这使人常常会想起"be +adj. +to do〞这种结构,会误以为had better to do sth.是正确搭配,从而错选C项 .深化升华记牢"had better(not) +动词原形〞这种结构.例5 (2021南京模拟)Susan is always the best in different exams in our class because she is a ___________ girl.-working思路解析:此题考查词的用法.此句意为"苏珊在我们班的不同的考试中总是最||好的〞,而helpful意为"有帮助的〞,polite意为"有礼貌的〞proud意为"自豪的〞,hard -working意为"努力的〞,只有hard -working与题意相符.答案:D误区警示多数形容词都可作定语修饰名词,如果不能理解词义,很容易出现误选.深化升华多动口,多动手,勤读读,多练练,掌握词的音、形、义就一路畅通了.例6 完形填空(2021河北模拟)Big schoolbags have been a serious problem for students for a long time.Maybe your schoolbags is too 1 to carry,and it troubles you a lot 2 you want to find a book out to read.Now an e -textbook will 3 you.It is said that e -textbooks are going to be 4in Chinese middle schools.An e -textbook,in fact,is a small 5 for students.It is much 6 than a usual schoolbag and easy to carry.Though it is as small as a book,it can 7all the materials(材料) for study.The students can read the text page by page on the 8,take notes with the pointer(屏写笔),or even "9〞their homework to their teachers by sending e mails.All they have to do is to press a button.Some people say e -textbooks are good,but some say they may be 10for thestudents , eyes.What do you think of it?D.understandD.practice9.A.find out B.hand inC.get backD.give back思路分析:此题为完形填空题,是模拟必考题之一也是一道综合题.应从四方面入手:1.认真阅读短文,从句意词义入手,选择适当的词填空.2.从词的用法入手,看考查的是哪个词,它有什么用法.3.从固定搭配入手,包括介词的用法.4.从时态入手,根据时态的不同选用不同的动词形式 .在正确理解句意的前提下,抓住关键句,找到突破口.运用学过的词,词组或语法对空下"药〞.希望能在不断的练习中提高自己的综合语言运用能力,提高自身的素质.答案:1~5 BDCAD6~10 BACBD深化升华1.由"Big schoolbags have been a serious problem for students for a long time.〞可以判断出.2.由句意可知此句为"当你想找出一本书来读时,他会麻烦很多〞因此只能由when来引导时间状语从句.3.由句意可知"现在一本e -textbook将帮助你〞.4.比照各选项的词义可判断出,这里指"被使用〞.5.通读全文我们可以知道既可以用屏写笔在上写也可以读,可以判断出只能是台电脑.6.因为本文是对学生们的书包越来越重深表担忧,因此e textbook肯定更轻,因此lighter 符合题意.意为"保持,保存〞,build意为"建筑,建造〞,discover意为"发现〞,practice意为"练习,实践〞.根据词义只有hold符合题意.8.这是一种电子书因此只能有screen(荧屏) .9.根据选项的词义以及句意只有hand in(上交)与作业有关.表转折,因此前面说好(good)后面一定与此相反(bad) .例7任务型阅读(2021福建福州模拟)。

人教新目标版八年级下册英语复习讲义全册

新目标八年级下册讲义班级：__________ 姓名：__________一单元重点必背一单元单词讲解1.will –过去式------ ___________. 2 . everything + adj此结构叫____________+ adj3. robotrobrobber4. paper ‖____________‖不可数名词―一些纸”_____________________“一张纸”______________________________‖两张纸‖___________________________paper 作‖试卷，文件，报纸,论文‖讲时是可数名词papers5. Could you please give me _____?A. paperB. some pieces of papersC. any paperD. some paper6. on the paper ―在纸上‖in the paper ―在报上”7. fewer + 可数复数―_________________________ ―few + 可数复数―_______________________ ―表示否定。

8 . pollution 名词“_________________ ”pollute 动词“_________________________”polluted 形容词“污染的‖9. on the tree (是树本身长的) “________________________”in the tree （不是树上本身的）10. build ---- _________________----- __________________ “__________________”buildingbuildereg: The _________________are ________________ a ________________．（build）11. in space不可数, 前不用冠词―_________‖而‖在太空站‖用___________________12. fly -- ________________－___________________ ―_______________________―fly to…. ―___________‖13. take --- _____________ - ______________ ― ______________________”take…..to…―___________________________―14. fall --_______________－__________________ ―落下‖还有―秋天‖之意feel-- _________________ -_________________ ― ___________________ ―15. . alone = by oneself ―_____________________________________‖lonely ―____________________________________‖16.probably 17. suit 18. ableprobable a suit of unable19. dress +sb20. even + 形容词/ 副词的比较级___________________e.g.: even _____________________ (bad )21. teach oneself = learn …by oneself ____________22.sound + adjsound like + n23. pleasure . n “高兴，愉快”unpleasant 的反义词____________________ (指物)pleased ( 指人) “高兴的，愉快的”be pleased with …..be pleased to do sth24. ―已经‖already ( )yet ( ) 都用于现在完成时have/has + PP25. make- _____________– _______________+ V26. simple = easy27. everywhere= here and there28. so + adj + a/ an + 名词单数= such a / an + adj +名词单数但是修饰名词和不可数名词只用such, so 常+ 形容词Eg: It‘s ____ weather , I‘ll go out for a picnic .A. so a fineB. such a fineC. such fine aD. such fine29. scientistscience30. possiblepossibly31.seem + adjseem like + nseem to do sth = It seems/seemed that 从句e.g.: He ______ （_______ _________ ）happy= It _________ that he ________happy. 他似乎很高兴。

人教版八年级下册英语复习资料(人教版)

人教版新目标八年级下册英语复习资料Unit 11。

People will have robots in their homes。

人们家里将会有机器人。

will助动词，表单纯的未来。

用于陈述句表“将……，会……”.e.g. I will (I’ll）be 15 next month。

下个月我就15岁了.Mr。

Green will be back soon。

否定句：won't = will not eg. He won't be back before 10.will用于疑问句意为“会……吗?”e。

g。

Will you be free on Friday evening？Will people have robots?2. There will only be one country.将会只有一个国家。

There will be 是there be句型的将来时.e。

g. There won’t be any paper money. （否定）Will there be less pollution? （疑问) Yes, there will。

/ No, there won't.There will be more people. （肯定）※常见错误:there will have…3. I think there will be more / less pollution. 我认为将会有更多/更少的污染。

fewer 与less及more表数量的用法。

（1）few(形容词)“几乎没有，很少的”，修饰可数名词。

其比较级、最高级为规则变化：few－fewer－fewest。

“a few”表示“一些”,“few”带否定含义,“几乎没有”。

例：a few days ago, for a few weeks，He has few friends here。

There will be fewer trees.(2）little（形容词）“很少的，几乎没有的”（“小的,幼小的”），修饰不可数名词。

人教版八年级下册各单元英语语法解析知识重点总结

新目标英语八年级(下)重点短语及句型总Unit 1 Will people have robots？1. fewer people 更少的人（fewer 修饰名词复数，表示否定）2. less free time 更少的空闲时间（less 修饰不可数名词，表示否定）3. in ten years 10年后（in 的时间短语用于将来时，提问用 How soon）4. fall in love with … 爱上……例：When I met Mr. Xu for the first time, I fell inlove with him at once.当我第一次见到许老师，我立刻爱上他。

5. live alone 单独居住6. feel lonely 感到孤独（比较：live alone/ go alone 等）The girl walked alone along the street, but shedidn't feel lonely.那女孩独自沿着街道走，但她并不感到孤独。

7. keep/ feed a pet pig 养一头宠物猪8. fly to the moon 飞上月球9. hundreds of + 复数数百/几百（概数，类似还有 thousands of;millions of）10. the same as 和……相同11. A be different from B A与B不同(= There is a difference/ Thgere aredifferences between A and B)12. wake up 醒来(wake sb. up 表示“唤醒某人”)13. get bored 变得厌倦（get/ become 是连系动词，后跟形容词如 tired/angry/ excited 等）14. go skating 去滑冰（类似还有 go hiking/ fishing /skating/ bike riding 等）15. lots of/ a lot of 许多（修饰可数名词、不可数名词都可以）16. at the weekends 在周末17. study at home on computers 在家通过电脑学习18. agree with sb. 同意某人(的意见)19. I don't agree. = I disagree. 我不同意。

新目标人教版初中英语八年级下册课文复习全套资料

新目标人教版初中英语八年级下册课文复习全套资料Unit 1 Making a difference- Lesson 1 We need to protect animals- Lesson 2 I must ask him to give up smoking- Lesson 3 Ann’s decision- Lesson 4 Making a differenceUnit 2 It’s a mystery- Lesson 1 Everything is made of atoms- Lesson 2 What’s the matter?- Lesson 3 Detective stories- Lesson 4 The mystery of the human brainUnit 3 Travel journal- Lesson 1 A trip to Australia- Lesson 2 Beijing is bigger than London- Lesson 3 A trip to Mount Tai- Lesson 4 A river tripUnit 4 Music- Lesson 1 Sounds of music- Lesson 2 We’re trying to find a boy band- Lesson 3 A famous orchestra- Lesson 4 Music in our heartsUnit 5 Amazing stories- Lesson 1 A greener future- Lesson 2 I used to be afraid of the dark- Lesson 3 Pygmalion- Lesson 4 Amazing sports storiesUnit 6 Films and TV programmes- Lesson 1 TV programmes- Lesson 2 What’s on?- Lesson 3 Jurassic Park- Lesson 4 Harry Potter and the Philosopher's StoneUnit 7 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes- Lesson 1 Children should be allowed to grow up freely- Lesson 2 Uniforms or casual clothes?- Lesson 3 Different styles- Lesson 4 Fashion and societyUnit 8 Helping others- Lesson 1 Offering help- Lesson 2 First aid- Lesson 3 Volunteers- Lesson 4 A charity show这份全套资料包含了新目标人教版初中英语八年级下册的每个单元以及它们各自包含的四节课。

八年级下册 Units 1～2-2023中考英语四轮总复习(人教新目标版)(教师版)

课时10.八年级下册Units 1～2【答案】一．重点单词1．matter 2.throat 3.fever 4.rest 5.cough 6.break7．passenger8.off9.onto10.trouble11.knee 12．climber13.risk14.situation15.rock16.blood17．control18.spirit19.nurse20.volunteer 21．sign22.notice23.several24.joy25.journey26.raise27.broken28.wheel29.letter30．disabled 31.blind32.deaf33.carry34.change二．词形百变1．stomachs stomachache 2.feet y lain lying4．teeth toothache 5.headache 6.hurt7．hit hitting 8.sickness9.breathe10.climber11．knives12.meant13.importance unimportant14．decision15.death dead dying16.cheerful17．stronger strongest18.satisfied satisfaction19．imagination20.difficulty 21.carried22．training trainer23.kindness24．cleverer cleverest25.understood26.fix三．核心短语1．have a cold/stomachache/fever 2.lie down3．take one's temperature 4.take breaks/a break5．get off 6.to one'ssurprise7.right away8.get into9．be used to used to10.take risks/a risk11．run out (of)12.cut off13.get out of14．be in control of15.give up16.clean up17．cheer up18.give e up with20．put off 21.hand out22.call up23.care for24．try out25.fix up26.give away27.take after28．set up29.make a difference四．核心句型1．What's matter 2.What should3．Should should shouldn't 4.help to 5.to help 高频考点突破考点1What's the matter with Judy？朱迪怎么了？(1)询问病情常用语(2)自述病情常用语①have/get a＋病症名词，表示“患了……病”。

新目标人教版初中英语八年级下册总复习全套资料

初中英语总复习新目标人教版初中英语八年级下册第 1 讲 Units 1---2课标要求：五级要求知识梳理： 1.重点单词 : Units 1---2 课标中所要求掌握的所有单词。

2．重点短语：hundreds of⋯ ; in 100 years; live to be⋯ ; study on computers; flyrockets to the moon; keep a pet dog; in the future; fall in love with;live alone; be able to do come true; space station; go skating; getbored; keep out; argue with⋯ ;out of style; in style; call sb.up; aticket to⋯; pay f o r⋯ ; surprise sb.; talk about⋯ on the phone; asksb. for sth.; buy sb.sth/buy sth. for sb.; part—time job; get a tutor;bethe same as⋯;tell sb. to do sth.; find out; leave sth. sp.; fail sth.; geton ⋯ ;have a fight with sb.; give sb. some advice; not⋯until ⋯;under pressure; take part in⋯;all kinds of ⋯;on the one hand, on theother hand;3．重点句子：What do you think life will be like in 100 years?Will kids go to school?There will be fewer trees.Will people use money in 100 years?-----No,they won’.t.What should I do?They shouldn’targue.You could write him a letter.What’swrong?/What’s the matter?4.语法：一般将来时态 (unit1)情态动词（ unit2）重点讲练：★重点词汇讲解及用法拓展：1． f ree(adj.):People won’tuse money . Everything will be free.（课文原句重现）(1)空闲的： When will you be free?(2)自由的： Please make the bird free.(3):免费的： free meal2．.in +段时间用于一般将来时中表示“在⋯ .时间之后”:Will people use money in 100years? （课文原句重现）3.too (adv.) “太”,用来修饰形容词或副词, “非常”. My brother plays his CDs tooloud. （课文原句重现）(1)too. “也”,用于肯定句 ,否定句用“either.”He has a dictionary, too.He didn’tgo there, either.(2)too much 太多 ,后接不可数名词 .There is too much noise in the street.(3)much too “太”,后接形容词或是副词 .That book is much too dear.(4)too⋯to⋯太⋯而不能⋯That girl is too young to go to school.4.keep V. I might even keep a pet parrot! （课文原句重现）keep 用法 :(1) keep doing sth.一直不断做某事Why do you keep laughing all the time?(2)keep sb. doing sth让.某人老是保持做某事 Sorry, I kept you waiting so long.(3)keep a diary 记日记5.enoughI don’t have enough money.（课文原句重现）用法 (1)修饰名词 .放在它所修饰的词之前 ,意为“足够的 ;充足的”e.g.: I have enough money for the book.(2)修饰形容词或副词 ,放在形容词或副词之后 ,意为“足够地 ;十分地” Is itgood enough?(4)enough to⋯足够⋯⋯可以⋯⋯The girl is old enough to go to school.6.joinJim could join a club. （课文原句重现）用法 (1)连接 ;结合 ;相连e.g.: join one thing to another(2)join sb.in sth./in doing sth.与某人一起做某事(加入到某人当中去)e.g.:Will you join me in a walk?提示 : join 是非延续性动词用转化为 be in⋯ /be a member⋯7． get.:get a tutor(书中短语 )用法 : (1) get a letter 收到来信生气,不能与一段时间连用在现在完成时态中,若要使(2) get off下车(3)get home到家(4) get angry(5) get ready 准备好(6) get married结婚8.surprise （课文原句重现）I don’twant to surprise him.用法 :(1)be surprised 感到吃惊 We are surprised at the news.(2)in surprise 惊奇地Rose looked at her mother in surprise.(3)to one’s surprise 使某人吃惊的是 To my surprise, the door was unlocked.(4) take ⋯by surprise 使感到意外His answer took us by surprise.12..leaveYou left your homework at home. （课文原句重现）用法： (1)遗忘 ;丢下 She left the umbrella in the train.(2)离开 He left home at 7:00.(3)留下 ;剩下 There are ten minutes left.(4)使⋯⋯处于某种状态She used to leave the door open while sleeping.(5)动身去⋯⋯ leave for⋯ I am leaving for Beijing tomorrow.▲短语讲解：1．pay for 为⋯⋯付款 I need to get some money to pay for summer camp.Pay 用法 :可作为动词 :(1)pay the bill (2) pay a visit to sb.=pay sb. a visit可作为名词“工资、薪水”I get my pay every Friday.2．get on with sb.=get along with sb.3.fight with sb.=have a fight with sb.4.the sameHis clothes are the same as mine.用法：（1）同一的；同样的We came on the same day.(2)all the same 仍然Thank you all the same.■句型讲解：t here be 句型 :Do you think there will be robots in p eople’s homes?There be 句型的时态变化：（1）一般现在时态： There is/are(2)一般将来时： There will be/There is/are going tobe ⋯(3)一般过去时： Therewas/were⋯提示：一般现在时中的临近原则。

人教版八年级下册英语重点复习资料总结.doc

人教版八年级下册英语重点复习资料总结，，xx距离期末考试已经不远了，在这个关键的阶段，八年级同学应该做好英语复习准备。

下面就让我给大家分享几篇人教版八年级下册英语重点复习资料吧，希望能对你有帮助!人教版八年级下册英语重点复习资料篇一一、be from 来自于=come fromI am fromChina. = I come fromChina.我来自中国。

He is fromChina. = He comes fromChina.他来自中国。

My pen pal is fromChina. = My pen pal comes fromChina. 我的笔友来自中国。

1. 把上面三组句子改为否定句①含有be 动词的，直接在be 动词后加not②含有实义动词的，要借助动词do 的否定形式构成否定句，即在实义动词前加don't。

如果是第三人称单数则加doesn't，如果是过去式加didn't，动词要还原。

以上三组句子的否定句为：I am not fromChina. = I don't come fromChina.He isn't fromChina. = He doesn't come fromChina.My pen pal isn't fromChina. = My pen pal doesn't comefrom China. 我的笔友不是来自中国。

2. 以上三组句子的一般疑问句及其回答为：①把be动词提到句首，是第一人称的要改为第二人称。

Are you fromChina? Yes, I am. / No, I am not.Is he fromChina? Yes, he is. / No, he isn't.Is you pen pal fromChina? Yes, he she is ./ No, he she is.②含实义动词的，借助动词do完成，第三人称单数用does.Do you come fromChina? Yes, I do. / No, I don't.Doeshe come fromChina? Yes, he does. / No, hedoesn't.Does your pen pal come fromChina? Yes, he she does. / No, he she doesn't.3. 就以上三组陈述句画线部分China提问即写出三组特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+一般疑问句语序China 为地名，所以特殊疑问词用“Where”Where are you from? = Whre do you come from?Where is he from? = Where does he come from?Where is your pen pal from? = Where does your pen palfrom?你的笔友来自哪里?二、live 居住实义动词，表示居住在某地，其后面要加介词in. 如：I live in China.我住在中国。

人教新目标八年级英语下册Unit 2 知识点总结

梅花香自苦寒来Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks.【重点单词】clean up 打扫（清除）干净cheer [tʃiə] v. 欢呼cheer up 变得更高兴，振奋起来give out 分发，散发volunteer [ˌvɔlənˈtiə] n. & v. 志愿者；义务做come up with 想出，提出put off 推迟sign [saɪn] n. 标记，符号，标牌notice [ˈnəʊtɪs] n. & v. 通知，公告；注意到hand out 分发call up 打电话给…某人，征召used to do sth. 过去常常做某事lonely ['ləʊnlɪ] adj. 孤独的，寂寞的care for 照顾，非常喜欢several [ˈsevrəl] prep. 几个，数个，一些strong [strɒŋ] adj. 强壮的，强烈的feeling [ˈfi:lɪŋ] n. 感觉，感触satisfaction [ˌsætɪs'fækʃn] n. 满足，满意joy [dʒɔɪ] n. 高兴，愉快owner [ˈəʊnə(r)] n. 所有者，物主try out 参加…选拔，试用journey ['dʒɜ:nɪ] n. （尤指长途）旅行，行程raise [reɪz] v. 抬起，举起，筹集，征集alone [əˈləun] adv. 独自地，孤独地repair [riˈpɛə] v. 修理，修补fix [fiks] v. 修理，安装fix up 修理，修补give away 赠送，捐赠take after （外貌或行为）像broken ['brəʊkən] adj. 破损的，残缺的wheel [wi:l] n. & v. 轮子，车轮；旋转letter [ˈletə] n. 信件，字母Miss [mɪs] n. 小姐set up 建立，设立disabled [disˈeibəld] adj. 有残疾的，丧失能力的make a difference 影响，有作用blind [blaɪnd] adj. 盲的，盲目的，失明的deaf [def] adj. 聋的imagine [ɪˈmædʒɪn] v. 想象，设想difficulty ['dɪfɪkəltɪ] n. 困难open [ˈəʊpən] v. 打开door [dɔ:] n. 门carry ['kærɪ] v. 携带，搬运train [treɪn] v. 训练，培养training [ˈtreɪnɪŋ] n. 训练，培训excited [ɪkˈsaɪtɪd] adj. 激动的，兴奋的kindness [ˈkaɪndnəs] n. 仁慈，善良，亲切，善意clever [ˈklevə] adj. 聪明的，机灵的understand [ˌʌndəˈstænd] v. 懂，理解change [tʃeɪndʒ] n. & v. 改变interest ['ɪntrəst] n. & v. 感兴趣；兴趣sir [sɜ:(r)] n. 先生madam ['mædəm] n. 夫人，女士【重点短语】1.Clean-Up Day 清洁日2. an old people’s home 养老院3. help out with sth. 帮助解决困难4. used to 过去常常......5. care for 关心;照顾6. the look of joy 快乐的表情7. at the age of 在......岁时8.clean up 打扫(或清除)干净9. cheer up (使)变得更高兴;振奋10. give out 分发;散发11. come up with 想出；提出12. make a plan 制订计划13. make some notices 做些公告牌14. try out 试用;试行15. work for 为…工作；为…. 效力16. put up 建造;举起;张贴17. hand out 分发;散发;发给18. call up 打电话;召集19. put off 推迟;延迟20. for example 比如；例如21. raise money 筹钱;募捐22. take after 与......相像;像23. give away 赠送;捐赠24. fix up 修理;修补;解决25. be similar to 与……相似26. set up 建立;设立27. disabled people 残疾人28. make a difference 影响;有作用29. be able to 能够30. after-school reading program 课外阅读项目【重点句型】1. The boy could give out food at the food bank. 这个男孩可以在食品救济站分发食物。

人教版新目标八年级英语下期末复习资料

Module1收集（v）收集(n)整理、收拾、干净的收拾娃娃扇子；狂热爱好者邮票不整洁的，零乱的最少的，最小的占用一直，总是对……感兴趣采访，会见；面试噢如同山地自行车运动排球驾驶帆船有创造力的懒惰的有用的发展，发达，进步技能，技巧营地，野营；帐篷并且，还活动；行动比如讨论会职业的，专业的想象，设想高中十几岁十几岁的青少年出版结果，效果结果快乐，享受成功，胜利应该，将要友谊，友好拿，举，持，拥有（不挂断电话）等一下现在是否；如果是否是否（短语）个人的；私人的同班同学事实上公共的，公众的几个；两个亲戚亲近的；近的关外国人觉得顺便说礼物，赠品初中遥远的孤独的害怕的害怕做……和……交朋友任何人大笑（v）笑，笑声（n）担心，焦虑，苦恼（v）担心通常的，平常的在那时通过，经过；传递触摸，碰明亮的一天天地有关系，要紧（v）事件，问题（n）认为，相信（v）开始小心赢，获胜新闻，播报员报道（v）报道（n）新闻记者（n）成绩，分数（n）得分（v）每个人提及不客气准备（进球）得分憎恨嘘向下看解释，说明声音看起来，似乎要……收听者，听众停止播音；关闭每周的周刊（n）（报纸上的）文章麦克风玻璃；玻璃杯声音（n）听起来（v）检查按按钮；纽扣介绍录像录像机复制，复印（v）备份；一本（n）内存；记忆打开爱尔兰的借出录音机第二；秒录音重放赶快女士先生咬挽救某人的生命盘子；（一道）菜出现隐藏冷静的；凉爽的胸膛刺痛；伤害失常的；错误的药物建议，提出关上文本；课文（n）输入文字信息（v）手机电子贺卡机会能够能，会打，打败惋惜的事，遗憾羞耻憾事拒绝，谢绝警告，注意一起独奏在……结束时宁愿，宁可最后的，最终的练习惩罚，处罚如此，这样考试，测验事实；真理证明，证实诚实的，正直的在……上面卸掉/拿走/拔极坏的，可怕的至少零用钱不管怎样，毕竟帮助某人做某事认识到，了解，明白病毒修理，改良赶快不诚实的架子，搁板偷钥匙；键精力，充沛的不收报酬的；未付款的（无线电、电视的）广播付钱的Module6在……之中醒着的困乏的，欲睡的太，过于，也烦恼的，焦虑的与……打仗；打架；打击（v）打，打架（n）海盗航行船今晚表演；扮演；行动角色；性格可信的丢失的；迷路的脸面对面的动作；行动战斗，打斗扮演；玩；踢/打/弹……场景浪漫的有趣的，好笑的虽然，尽管意见，观点，主张以某人的观点，某人看来除了……之外建议，劝告我们自己评论，意见富足；充足许多获胜者，赢家不工作，休息；离开几乎不交通通过所有的，完整的打电话（v）电话（n）我自己岩石，石头士兵范围，地区叫醒；醒来（v）叫醒帐篷缆车景色，风景顶端，顶部小路，小径瀑布植物拉，拖，拔庆祝劳动季节假期，休假当……的时候劳动节（五一节）一……就……结尾，结局开始遍布依靠倒数聚会决心，决定列表；名单；目录一列，一栏帮……克服困难保证；发誓零母亲节目的是避免勇敢的借口（n）原谅（v）想法独自，自己出现，发生重写打赌军队加拿大（n）加拿大人（n）医学的治疗（v）治疗（n）医生；博士献身于前线受伤的战争第一次世界大战发明，创造工具，用具，设备地方的，当地的动手术手术尽管……最后照顾完美的，理想的登（机、船等）航班；飞行；航程登机门，门傻里傻气的户外的如此……以致……商业，生意空的胃烧，烧焦；燃烧足够的，充足的每件事物，一切大学，学院从某种程度上讲上大学生活的简单的适当地，正确地，得体地一点也不……送别设法做到闹钟响，呜；打电话话题，主题介绍，入门属于招收；招募分享，共有程度，范围。

八年级英语人教版(新目标)(最新版)下学期期末复习一

掌握本部分的单词、短语和句型学会谈论故事和季节重点单词：begin, western, weak, fit, cheat, shine, inside短语：a little bit, fall in love with, can’t stop doing, be born句型：（1）But unless he can hide his tail, he cannot turn himself into a person.（2）The new couple were so happy that they couldn’t stop smiling when they got married.难点u nless, so…that引导的状语从句begin v. 开始western adj. 西方的weak adj. 虚弱；无力的fit v. 适合；合身cheat v. 欺骗；蒙骗shine v. 发光；照耀lead v. 带路；领路二、重点单词【单词复习】1. begin v. 开始其过去式为began。

后面跟名词、动名词或动词不定式，接动名词和不定式无意义区别。

同义词是start。

When did he begin learning English? =When did he begin to learn English?他什么时候开始学英语的？begin with 以……开始beginning n. 开始，可构成短语：at the beginning of 在……之初Let’s begin the meeting with a happy song.让我们以一首欢快的歌曲开始会议。

At the beginning of this term, we made plans to study hard.在这学期之初，我们就制定了计划要努力学习。

My mother ____________ cooking half an hour ago.A. startsB. startingC. beginsD. began答案：D思路分析：根据half an hour ago可知时态用一般过去时。

八年级下册 Units 3～4-2023中考英语四轮总复习(人教新目标版)(学生版)

课时11.八年级下册Units 3～4高频考点突破考点1For one week, she did not do any housework and neither did I. 整整一个星期，她没做家务，我也没做。

考点2Could you lend me some money? 你能借给我点钱吗？考点3My parents don't allow me to hang out with my friends. 我的父母不允许我和朋友们闲逛。

考点4Why don't you go to sleep earlier this evening? 为什么今晚不早点睡呢？考点5Instead he watches whatever he wants until late at night. 相反，他想看什么就看什么，一直到深夜。

考点6You should explain that you don't mind him watching TV all the time.你应该解释下你并不介意他一直看电视。

考点7And they are always comparing them with other children.而且他们总是把自己的孩子和其他孩子对比。

随堂练习1．Mr. Li is ________(explain) to us how to organize our ideas according to the type of writing.2.With the ________(develop) of the science and technology, more and more people can pay the money by mobile phone.3.In many cases, we can not achieve anything if there is only ________(compete) and no cooperation.4．It's too hard for me to learn it. Can you show me how ________(throw) the ball?5．In order to win the first prize in the sports meeting, you should run as ________(quick) as you can.6．There is an ________(argue) between Ann and Emily because they have different opinions about this problem. 7．If you describe someone as ________(usual), you think that they are interesting and different from other people. 8．A hobby is ________(compare) to a special friend that you can choose for yourself.随堂精练一．单项选择1．I'm cooking breakfast for my ________ mother. She's ________ in hospital now.A．sick; sick B．ill; illC．ill; sick D．sickness; ill2．—When will he leave for Shanghai?—As soon as he ________ his work.A．finished B．will finishC．is finishing D．finishes3．—Did you watch TV last night?—No. I read a book instead of ________ TV.A．watching B．watchC．watched D．to watch4．—Could I smoke here?—Sorry. I am afraid you ________. Look at the sign “No smoking”！A．shouldn't B．couldn'tC．can't D．won't5．—In the past five years, China has played an important role in the Belt and Road.—It has ________ many nations a great chance to communicate.A．offered B．supportedC．included D．directed6．Their parents don't allow them ________ in the river because it's really dangerous.A．swim B．swimmingC．to swim D．swam7．The fallen ________ on the ground made the street more beautiful.A．leafs B．leavesC．leaf D．leave8．If you want to know more about space, please ________ the book A Brief History of Time.A．look through B．look aroundC．look after D．look down upon9．________ of the old days, I always feel sad and have tears filled with my eyes.A．To think B．ThinkC．Thinking D．Thought10．Tina was always the first student ________ her English exercises in our class.A．to finish B．finishedC．finishing D．finishes二．完形填空Once upon a time, there was a lazy poor man living in a small house with spider webs (蜘蛛网) on the walls and mice running around. People __1__ coming into such a dirty place and the poor man was lonely and sad every day. He thought it was poverty (贫困) that __2__ his unhappy life. One day, the poor man dropped in on a wise old man and asked him for __3__ about changing his life. The old man gave him a beautiful vase (花瓶) and said, “This is a magic vase that will bring you __4__.” The poor man looked at the vase __5__. Why would he need a vase in his poor house? However, he didn't want to __6__ such a beautiful vase, so he brought it home and put it on the table. “It's not right for something so beautiful to be __7__.” the poor man looked at the vase and thought. Then he picked some wild flowers and put them into it, making it even more beautiful. __8__ he was still not satisfied. “It is not good for such a beautiful thing to stand next to a spider web.” At this, he started to do somecleaning in the house and paint the walls. His house turned into a __9__ place immediately. The poor man __10__. He suddenly realized that in the past it was his laziness that made him poor and unhappy. From then on, he worked hard and his life got better and better.1．A.enjoyed B．avoidedC．forgot D．considered2．A.led to B．connected toC．made up D．set up3．A.service B．knowledgeC．advice D．care4．A.peace B．happinessC．mess D．regret5．A.sadly B．nervouslyC．proudly D．surprisedly6．A.throw away B．give outC．pay for D．keep off7．A.ugly B．full C．empty D．dirty8．A.Although B．ButC．So D．Because9．rge B．darkC．strange D．comfortable10．A.cheered up B．rang upC．sped up D．stayed up三．阅读理解AKent Wilson's alarm clock rings at 5：30 am every morning. Kent is a dog walker. People pay him to take their dogs for a walk. Kent picks up five dogs from their homes. He takes them to the park in his van. The dogs run around together and Kent throws balls and Frisbees for them. Sometimes he takes them to the beach. The dogs love to play in the water. After an hour, Kent puts the dogs back in his van. He takes each dog home. Then Kent picks up another five dogs. Kent takes fifteen dogs for a walk every day. “This job is very hard work, but I love it，” says Kent. “I love dogs and I take good care of them.” Kent takes dogs for walks in the rain and in the snow. He dries each dog with a towel before he takes it home. He feeds each dog when they arrive home. He stays with the dog until it finishes eating. Then he leaves. Kent also feeds people's pets when they are away. “I take care of all kinds of pets, cats, rabbits, mice and fish，” says Kent. “But I don't have any pets of my own. I don't have time to look after them！”1．Does Kent get money from people for walking their dogs?A．Yes, he does.B．No, he doesn't.C．Sometimes.D．It's not mentioned.2．Kent takes each dog for a walk for ________.A．30 minutes B．45 minutesC．an hour D．one and a half hours3．Which is NOT TRUE according to the passage?A．Kent takes dogs to the park and the beach to play.B．Kent takes 15 dogs a day for a walk.C．Kent also takes care of different kinds of pets.D．It's too hard for Kent to take dogs for a walk.BTony, a nine－year－old kid, is sitting at his desk when suddenly he wets (尿湿) his pants. He thinks his heart is going to stop because he can't possibly know how this has happened. It has never happened before. He knows the after－effect (后果)—When the boys find out, he will never hear the end of it. When the girls find out, they'll never speak to him again as long as he lives.Tony puts his head down and says to himself, “Oh, no. What can I do? I need help now！”He looks up and notices the teacher coming, with a look in her eyes that says he has been discovered.As the teacher is walking to him, a classmate named Emily is carrying a glass that is full of water. Emily falls down in front of the teacher and drops the glass of water in Tony's pants. Tony seems to be angry, but all the while he is saying to himself, “Thank you, dear! Thank you, dear！”Now all of a sudden, instead of being the person that everyone laughs at, Tony is the person of sympathy (同情). The person that everyone laughs at should be him, but now it is Emily.She tries to help, but they tell her, “You've done enough, you stupid！”At the end of the day, as they are waiting for the bus, Tony walks over to Emily and says in a low voice, “You did that on purpose, didn't you？”Emily says back in a quiet voice, “I wet my pants once, too.”4．What does Tony think the other boys will do if they find out the fact?A．They'll all laugh at him.B．They'll tell the teacher about it.C．They'll try to help him.D．They'll never speak to him again.5．Which is right according to the passage?A．Emily drops the water on purpose.B．Tony is really angry with Emily.C．Tony and Emily don't go home by bus.D．Tony and Emily aren't classmates.6．We know that Emily is a ________ girl from the passage?A．careless and lazy B．quiet and brightC．stupid and helpless D．kind and smart四．短文填空Once, there was a little girl named Meredith. Meredith enjoyed spending __1__ free time with her friends, but there was something different about Meredith. She was always __2__ in things like chemistry and history. Meredith never wanted to __3__ about these interests because she was afraid she would be judged (评头论足). She always learned more about these topics __4__ she was by herself, so no one could find out about this.One day, a new girl, Josie, joined her sixth－grade class, and the new girl was __5__ to make a self－introduction in front of the class and say three things about herself. Josie stood up and __6__ to talk about her hobbies. First of all, she said she enjoyed reading and writing stories in her free time. Second, she said she liked history. Third, she said she loved chemistry because she could do some amazing experiments in the lab. Meredith's eyes lit up __7__ joy. Finally, she had found someone who had common interests as her.Later that day, Meredith found Josie on the playground and ran over to talk to her. They immediately became __8__ and started to play at each other's houses on weekends.五．书面表达朋友在人的一生中非常重要，有的人总是可以交到很多不同类型的朋友，并且和朋友相处得很融洽，可以使其成为一生的挚友。

人教版八年级英语下册全面复习资料

人教版八年级英语下册全面复习资料第一单元：What's the matter?
1. 核心单词
2. 重点短语
3. 语法点
一般现在时
1. 肯定句结构：主语 + 动词原形/动词三单 + 其它.
2. 否定句结构：主语 + don't/doesn't/aren't/aren't + 动词原形/动词三单 + 其它.
3. 一般疑问句结构：Do/Does/Are + 主语 + 动词原形/动词三单+ 其它?
4. 回答一般现在时的一般疑问句时，主语 I/We 用肯定回答，其它主语用否定回答.
祈使句
祈使句是用来告诉别人做什么或者不做什么的句子。

其结构通常为：动词原形/动词不定式 + 其它.
第二单元：Do you want to watch the game?
1. 核心单词
2. 重点短语
3. 语法点
一般现在时
1. 肯定句结构：主语 + 动词原形/动词三单 + 其它.
2. 否定句结构：主语 + don't/doesn't/aren't/aren't + 动词原形/动词三单 + 其它.
3. 一般疑问句结构：Do/Does/Are + 主语 + 动词原形/动词三单+ 其它?
4. 回答一般现在时的一般疑问句时，主语 I/We 用肯定回答，其它主语用否定回答.
祈使句
祈使句是用来告诉别人做什么或者不做什么的句子。

其结构通常为：动词原形/动词不定式 + 其它.。

人教版新目标初二英语下册期末复习资料

一. 短语句子使用某物做某事 use sth. to do sth.被使用做什么 be used to do习惯于 be used to doing sth过去常常 used to do sth在家通过电脑学习活到200岁live to be 200 years old在一百年以后in 100 years更少的空闲时间less free time将会有更多 / 更少的污染。

住在一所公寓里live in an apartment作为一名记者as a reporter独自生活 live alone一个寂寞的人 a lonely person/man养一只宠物鹦鹉 keep a pet parrot去滑冰 go skating看上去很精神look smart做着玩 do for fun在一些科幻小说电影中在未来in the future如今，今后in future成百的hundreds of与…做一样的do the same things as…尽力做某事 try to do sth.试着做某事try doing sth使某人做某事make sb. do sth.看起来更像…look more like…做简单的工作 do simple jobs一遍又一遍 over and over again厌倦 get / be bored许多不同的形状many different shapes一些…, 其他… some…, others…不让…进入 keep out过时的,落伍的be out of style时髦的,流行的 be in style给某人写信某物使某人感到惊讶sth. surprise sb. = sb. be surprised at sth. 电话谈论此事talk about it on the phone付款pay for sth.挣钱get some money找一份兼职工get a part-time job把某物借给某lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb. 向某人索要某物 ask sb. for sth.青少年论坛teen talk为某人买某物buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb. 请家教 get a tutor与…一样the same as…不昂贵be inexpensive需要帮助 need help发现,查明find out其他的每个人everyone else心烦, 沮丧be upset知道该做什么把某物忘在某地 leave sth.+地点邀请某人做某事invite sb. to do sth.考试不及格 fail the test通过考试pass the test与某人一样年龄be the same age as sb. = be as old as sb. 与某人相处(融洽/不好)足够…adj. + enough从…到… from…to…直到…才… not…until…是到做某事的时候了.it’s time for sth. / it’s time to do sth. 格林一家the greens尽可能多地填满孩子们的生活参加课外活动小组好象要做某事 seem to do sth.看到某人做某事see sb. do / doing sth.一位三个孩子的母亲a mother of three把…送到…去send … to …各种各样的…all kinds of…发现/认为做某事很…find / think + it + adj. + to do sth.为某人计划某事 plan sth. for sb.在一方面 on the one hand在另一方面 on the other hand需要时间和自由来放松need time and freedom to relax自己做事情do things by oneselfunit 3在…的(外部)前面in front of …在…的(内部)前面in the front of …在理发店in the barber shop睡懒觉 sleep late电话聊天talk on the phone从…出来get out of …航天博物馆 the museum of flight在某地降落 land + 地点起飞 take off有一次不寻常的经历某人感到惊讶sb. be surprised在上个星期天早晨9点你在开玩笑! you’re kidding!朝某人喊叫 shout to sb.(外来物)在树上in the tree(本身长)在树上on the tree骑自行车 ride a bike在车站外 outside the station想到做某事think about doing sth.往外看 look outside某人发生某事 sth. happen to sb.起床get out of bed = get up飞往…的航班a flight to …在汤姆家 at tom’s生病住院 be ill in hospital在历史上in history最重要的事件之一one of the most important events在美国现代历史上在这天 on this day听说 hear about40多岁 over / more than 40 years old在操场上 in / on the playground叫某人(不要)做某事ask / tell sb. (not ) to do sth.对某人来说有了意义 have meaning to sb.不是所有的…not all…成为太空中第一位中国宇航员绕地球的飞行(n.)the flight around the earth 绕地球飞行(v.) fly around the earth民族英雄 a national hero1. 为某人开一个惊喜聚会have a surprise party for sb.2. 生某人的气3. 不再 not……… anymore = no more4. 带一些饮料和零食5. 说三种语言speak three languages7. 首先 first of all9. 把某物传给某人pass sb sth = pass sth. to sb.10. 带口信给某人 give sb a message11. 为某人捎口信 take a message for sb12. 把某物(连续)传递给某人pass on sth. to sb. = pass sth. on to sb.13. 我设想(不…)i (don’t) suppose that +从句14. 被期望, 被认为…be supposed to do sth16. 在某方面做得好= be good at sth. / doing sth. ( be better at )18. 很遗憾于做某事 be sorry to do sth.20. 期末考试end-of-year exams22. 变得紧张 get nervous23. 别紧张. don’t be nervous.24. 做得还行 do ok25. 在…方面过得艰难27. 这学期 this semester28. 某人做某事感到惊讶sb. be surprised to do sth.30. 真实的 be true31. 一个令人失望的结果a disappointing result32. 对某人来说做某事是不对的.it’s not right for sb to do sth36. 养成一个坏习惯 start a bad habit37. 克服它 (某事) get over it(sth)39. 对某人来说听起来像是有意思的事 sound like fun to sb.北大毕业生the peking university graduate = a graduate from peking university41. 当一名志愿者 as a volunteer42. 在一个为期一年的项目中 on a one-year program44. 对某人来说是一种新的经历45. 海拔2000米以上2,000 meters above sea level46. 使某人做某事 make sb. do sth.48. …和… both … and …49. 经历不同的事情50. 在…和…之间没有不同点52. 开阔某人在…方面的眼界open up one’s eyes to …54. 给某人生活一个良好的开端give sb. a good start in life55. 给某人的生活一个好的影响56. 某事结束 sth. be over58. 在做某事之后 after doing sth.60. 做完某事 finish doing sth.62. 处于危险中 in dangerunit 51.过得开心 have a great time2. 组织聚会活动 organize the party games3. 让某人进入 let sb. in4. 不让某人进入 keep sb. out6. 为聚会制定的规则the rules for the party8. 从其他学校带朋友来9. 叫他们离开 ask them to leave10. 在聚会期间 during the party14. 挣许多钱 make a lot of money15. 因…而出名 be famous for…16. 作为….而出名 be famous as…18. 成为一名职业运动员19. 似乎像… seem like…21. 靠做某事)谋生 make a living by doing sth. = do sth. for a living22. 做你爱做的事情 do sth. you love27. 靠体育运动来谋生ports for a living = make a living by playing sports28. 一份危险的工作a dangerous job29. 受伤 get injured32. 与….对抗, 反对 be / play against…35. 移动电话 mobile phone39. 嘲笑某人 laugh at sb.重点句子：踢足球 play football为了… in order to do sth.提高英语 improve englishunit 6你滑了多长时间？我滑了五个小时。

人教版新目标英语八年级下册知识点全归纳

Unit 1Will people have robots?II. Grammar:·一般将来时·there will be ·few，a few，little，a little，much，many语法小结：一、一般将来时1．用be doing表示将来：主要意义是表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作，常用于位置转移的动词。

如：go，come，leave，arrive等，也可用于其他动作动词。

We are having fish for dinner.We are moving to a different hotel the day after tomorrow.这种用法通常带有表示将来的时间状语，如果不带时间状语，则根据上下文可表示最近即将发生的动作。

A: Where are you going? B: I am going for a walk. Are you coming with me?A: Yes，I am just coming. Wait for me.2．用be going to do表示将来：主要意义，一是表示―意图‖，即打算在最近的将来或将来进行某事。

Are you going to post that letter?How long is he going to stay here?I am going to book a ticket.另一意义是表示―预见‖，即现在已有迹象表明将要发生或即将发生某种情况。

It’s going to rain.George is putting on weight; he is going to be quite fat.3. 用will/ shall do表示将来：主要意义，一是表示预见。

You will feel better after taking this medicine.Do you think it will rain?二是表示意图.I will not lend the book to you.Take it easy，I will not do it any longer.基本结构：She will come to have class tomorrow.Will she come to have class tomorrow?She won’t come to have class tomorrow.What will she do tomorrow?二、There be结构1. there be结构中的be是可以运用各种时态的。

【资料】人教版新目标八年级英语下期末复习资料

【关键字】资料8年级下期末复习一、语法I 一般将来时( ) 1. He says he _______ us around his factory in two days.A. showsB. is showingC. will showsD. will show( ) 2. There _______ a map and some pictures on the desk.A. areB. isC. haveD. has( ) 3. _______ I return the book to the library soon ?A. WillB. DoC. AmD. Shall( ) 4. A new university ___________ in our city next year.A. will foundB. will findC. will be foundedD. will be found( ) 5. Do you know when ___________ us a talk ?A. will he giveB. he’ll giveC. he givesD. he is giving( ) 6. Don’t worry ! It ________ us half an hour to fi x the machine.A. shall takeB. takeC. takesD. will take( ) 7. We _________ you as soon as he _________ back.A. will call, will comeB. will call, comesC. call, will comeD. call, comes( ) 8. They ________ back until Joy ______ back to life.A. won’t go, comesB. won’t go, will comeC. don’t go, comesD. don’t go, comes ( ) 9. If it __________ , our family _____________ boating tomorrow.A. don’t rain, will goB. isn’t rain, is going to goC. doesn’t rain, will goD. doesn’t rain, shall go1. What ______ you ______________ (do) the day after tomorrow ?2. There ________ (be) an important meeting in two days.3. Jack says he ___________(not be) free until tomorrow.3. Both of us __________________(spend) our holiday in Beijing next year.II过去进行时用动词的适当形式填空。

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新目标英语八年级（初二）下册预习（复习）资料◆unit 1 Will people have robots?知识点：1．形容词，副词的比较等级考查热点透视：a)表示A与B在程度上相同时，“as+形容词或副词的原级+as”结构。

表示A不如B 时，可用“not as/so+形容词或副词的原级+as”结构。

b)表示A比B在程度上“更…..”时，可用“形容词或副词的比较级+than”结构c)表示三者或三者以上的比较，其中一个在程度上“最…..”时，常用“the+形容词或副词的最高级”结构，后面可带“of/in的短语”来说明比较的范围。

（注意：副词的最高级在句中常省略“the”.）d)在形容词或副词的比较级前，可以用“a little, even, far, much,still”的等词语来修饰，以加强语气。

e)表示“越来越….”时，常用“形容词或副词的比较级+and+形容词或副词的比较级”结构，但要注意，对于多音节和部分双音节形容词，副词而言，若要表达此意时，要用“more and more+形容词或副词的原级“结构。

f)在表示“其中最….之一“的含义时，常使用“one of+the+形容词最高级形式+名词复数”结构，其中的定冠词the不可以省略。

g)如果强调“两者中比较…的（一个）”的意思时，可使用“the+形容词比较级+其它”结构。

h)表示“越….越….”, 可使用“the+形容词或副词的比较级，the+形容词或副词的比较级”结构。

2 .一般将来时a)一般将来时的构成：由助动词shall或will加动词原形构成，shall用于第一人称。

在口语中，will在名词或代词后常简略为’ll，will not常简略为won’t。

这个时态的肯定，否定和疑问结构可表示如下：肯定句否定句疑问句I (We)shall(will) go. You(He, She, They) will go. I(We)shall(will) notgo.You(He, She,They)will not go.Shall I(we) go?Will you (he, she,they) go?用”be going to +动词原形”也可表示将来时，表示将要发生的事，打算或决定要做的事。

b)一般将来时的用法：1）表示将要发生的动作或情况；2）不以人的意志为转移，肯定要发生的事情。

The day after tomorrow will be National Day.后天是国庆日。

3. in/after:in是指以现在时间为起点的“在一段时间以后”。

也可以表示“在将来多少时间之内”，句子中的谓语动词要用一般将来时态；after常指以过去时间为起点的“一段时间之后”，所以它与过去时态连用。

当after指某个特定的未来时刻或日期之后，或指以将来某一时间为起点的若干时间之后时，它可以与将来时态连用。

4.more, less, fewer的用法区别：more为many, much的比较级，意为“更多”，可修饰可数与不可数名词。

Less是little的比较级，意为“更好，较少”，修饰不可数名词。

Fewer是few 的比较级，意为“更少”，修饰可数名词复数。

【注意】few, little表示否定“几乎没有”。

a few, a little表示肯定“一点，几个”。

5.would like sth意思为“想要某物“；would like to do意思为”想要做某事“。

回答would like 句型的一般疑问句时，其肯定回答为“Yes, please.”;否定回答“No, thanks”或“I’d like /love to, but….”6. Such作形容词，意思是“如此的”“这样的”，修饰各种名词。

Such这样的。

如It is such bad weather.天气如此恶劣。

Such常和as搭配，表示一种类别。

如We enjoy such a voice as hers.我们喜欢象她那样的嗓子。

Such常和表示结果的that从句搭配，表示“如此….以至于…”如It was such a hot day that we all had to stay at home.Such…that…和so…that…都可用来引出一个结果状语从句。

由于such是形容词，所以that从句前有一个受such修饰的名词；而so 是副词，用以修饰形容词或副词，因此that 从句前一般不出现名词。

如They are such kind-hearted teachers that people in the village all respect them.The exam was so difficult that many students failed to pass it.a)如果名词是可数名词的单数形式，such和so的位置不同：such+a/an+形容词+单数名词so+形容词+a/an+单数名词b)如果名词是不可数名词或名词复数，只可用such,不能用so.:such+形容词+不可数名词或复数名词c)如果被修饰的不可数名词被much, little, 或复数名词被many, few等表示量的形容词修饰时，用so，不用such.d)当little表示“年纪小的”时，可用such+little+名词。

7．be able to 为“能，会”，表示能力，在这个意义上与can的意思相同，一般情况下两者可以互换，但can只有现在式和过去式（could）而be able to则用于更多的时态，主要体现在be的变化。

两者在用法上有一些差异：can （could）表示主观能力不表示意愿，它的将来时用will be able to而be able to表示主观意愿强调克服困难做某事。

◆unit 2 What should I do?知识点：1..loud是形容词,loud-louder-loudest意思是“响亮的”；作副词时，常与talk, sing, laugh 等词连用，如speak loud; loudly “大声地”带有喧闹的意味，常用来修饰shout, cry, call, knock等动词，通常没有比较级和最高级，作状语；aloud 副词，出声地，大声地，仅指发出声音（以使能被听得见）。

2．Enough为形容词，意思是“足够的”；enough +n.修饰名词enough money; adj/adv+enough 修饰形容词或副词；enough to do 足够做某事3．present, gift礼物：gift带有一定的感情色彩，通常指昂贵的“礼物”，强调送礼人的诚意，有时有“捐赠”之意，多用于正式场合；present指为表达情谊，敬意或出于礼节，在某特定时刻或场合赠送的“礼物”，此礼物价值不一定高。

make sb a present of把…作为礼物送给4．borrow, lend: borrow“借入，借给”即说话人向他人借东西borrow sth from sb.;lend-lent-lent“借出，借给”即说话人把自己的东西借给他人lend sb sth= lend sth to sb5 except，besides除…之外: except除了…都，besides强调“除了…之外还有…”在no one, nobody, nothing等词后加介词but也表示“除了”。

6．find out, find, look for: find out“找出，发现，查明”多指通过调查，询问，打听，研究之后搞清楚，弄明白或指找出较难找到的，无形的抽象的东西；find“找到，发现”通常指找到或发现有形的东西也可指偶然发现某物的某种情况，强调找的结果；look for“寻找”强调动作。

7．talk about谈到，谈论；talk of谈到，说到；have a talk with与..谈谈，做报告；talk to sb 对…谈话；talk with sb与…交谈；talk to sb和talk with sb 均表示“和某人谈话”，“讲话”。

talk to sb比较常用，侧重一方谈，一方听；talk with sb侧重双方交谈；talk about sb则表示“谈论某人”8．miss 和lose:miss意思为“发现丢失”“觉得不在”；lose意思为“丢失”“失去”。

在本质上，miss是一种主观感觉，而lose是一种客观结果。

9．be used to doing习惯于做某事；used to do过去常常，暗含与现在明显的不同，只用于过去时；be used to do是use的被动语态，意思是….被用来做某事。

10．own 与have: own强调的是拥有，占有某物为自己的财产，但所占有的东西目前不一定是由人使用，强调所有权；have为普通动词，表示的所有关系。

own +n. egWho owns the dog? ；own +宾语+宾补eg. He owns himself wrong.；own+从句eg. He owns that he is wrong. ；of one’s own完全属于某人自己的；on one’s own独立地，自愿地；with one’s own ears亲耳11. attend, join, take part in: attend“出席，参加，上学”attend school 上学，attend meeting出席会议；take part in 参加，是指参与某项活动take an active part in积极参加；join 参加，当join用于加入某个团体或组织，成为其中的一员，后面直接跟名词，当join表示参加某项活动时后面跟介词in .◆unit 3 What were you doing when the UFO arrived?知识点：1．过去进行时a)过去进行时由“was/were+动词ing形式”构成。

以动词work为列，其肯定式，否定式，疑问式以及简略答语见下表：肯定式：I/He/She/It was working. We/You/ They were working.否定式：I/He/She/It was not working. We/You/They were not working.疑问式和简略答语：Was I working? Yes, you were.Was he working? No, he wasn’t.【注意】was not常简略为wasn’t; were not常简略为weren’tb)过去进行时的用法：过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。