Unit 12 Biodiversity

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七年级下册unit12知识点总结

七年级下册unit12知识点总结七年级下册Unit 12知识点总结Unit 12是七年级下册的最后一个单元，主要涉及到的内容是动物和环境保护。

在这个单元学习过程中，我们学到了很多动物和环境保护方面的知识，并且掌握了很多新的单词和短语。

在本篇文章中，我们将对Unit 12的重点知识点进行一个总结，以帮助大家更好地复习和掌握这些知识。

一、动物的分类在本单元的学习中，我们学习了生物的分类法。

把有机体按照其生物学的特征分为一定级别的系统，称为生物分类法。

下面是生物分类法中的一些重要概念：1. 门（Phylum）门是生物分类法中的第一个大分类单位，以生物学的共同特征为依据划分。

在本单元中，我们学习了脊椎动物门（Chordata）和节肢动物门（Arthropoda）。

2. 纲（Class）纲是生物分类法中的第二个大分类单位，以生物学的共同特征为依据划分。

在本单元中，我们学习了哺乳动物纲（Mammalia）和昆虫纲（Insecta）。

3. 种（Species）种是生物分类法中的最小分类单位，是指可以互相交配、生育出后代的自然种群。

在本单元中，我们学习了一些常见的哺乳动物和昆虫的种类，例如：哺乳动物：猫、狗、猴子、大熊猫等。

昆虫：蚊子、苍蝇、蚂蚁、蜜蜂等。

二、动物的保护在本单元的学习中，我们学习了动物的保护问题。

下面是一些重要的知识点：1. 为什么需要保护动物？①动物是生态系统中不可或缺的一部分，如果动物数量减少，生态系统就会失去平衡；②保护动物可以维护人类的饮食、药品等需求；③保护动物可以维护人类的文化和历史遗产；④保护动物是人类责任。

2. 什么是濒危动物？濒危动物是指某些物种数量逐渐减少，可能会灭绝的动物。

在本单元中，我们学习了一些濒危动物的例子，例如：大熊猫、长颈鹿、非洲象等。

3. 怎样保护动物？保护动物的方法有很多，例如：①法律保护：许多国家都有相关的法律来保护濒危动物的生存环境；②保护栖息地：动物需要合适的栖息环境，保护栖息地可以帮助动物生存；③减少猎杀：很多濒危动物是由于过度猎杀导致种群数量锐减的；④科学研究：了解动物习性和习惯可以帮助制定科学的保护计划。

Unit12Innovation知识清单及检测复习一-高中英语北师大版选择性

选四Unit12复习一背诵版一.必背词汇1. wellbeing n. 健康，幸福，舒适2. vitamin n. 维生素3. entertainment n. 娱乐节目4. innovation n. 新发明，新方法，新观念；革新，创新5. gifted adj. 有天赋的，有才华的6. laboursaving adj. 节省劳力的7. productive adj. 多产的；丰饶的；富有成效的8. garbage n. 垃圾9. device n. 设备，装置；修辞手段10. scientific adj. 科学（上）的11. microscope n. 显微镜12. donate vi. &vt. 捐献（器官），献（血）；捐赠，捐献13. correspond vi. 通信14. instant adj. 立刻的，马上的15. launch vt.发射；发动，发起，开始从事16. satellite n. 人造卫星；卫星17. orbit n. 轨道vi. &vt. 沿轨道运行18. split vi. &vt. 分割，把……分开；分成（不同部分）19. particle n. 粒子，质点20. premier adj. 最好的；最重要的21. outspoken adj. 坦率的，直言不讳的22. subsequently adv. 后来，随后23. relativity n. 相对性24. constant adj. 恒久不变的；持续不断的，经常发生的n. 常量，恒量25. finding n. 研究的结果；发现26. biologist n. 生物学家27. mould n. 霉，霉菌28. penicillin n. 青霉素，盘尼西林29. perceive vt. 察觉，注意到，发觉30. million num. 百万31. humble adj. 谦虚的，谦卑的32. oute n. 结果，后果33. navy n. 海军34. accuracy n. 准确性；精准度；正确，准确35. missile n. 导弹，飞弹二.必背短语1. have a gift for... 在......方面有天赋be gifted in... 在......方面有天赋2. every once in a while 不时; 偶尔3. donate sth. to sb. 向某人捐赠某物4. correspond with sb 和某人通信correspond to/with sth. 与某物相一致5.in an instant 立刻；马上the instant/moment +从句一......就......for instance 例如6.make joint efforts to do sth. 共同努力做某事7.be mitted to dong sth.致力于做某事8.not to mention更不用说(提)9.figure out 算出；能清楚；理解10.range from... to...在......范围内变化11.nothing like 一点也不像nothing but除了…什么也没有，只有anything but 根本不；一点也不12.turn to 转向；转而从事；求助于三.语法填空必背派生词1.Innovation n.→innovate v.创新，革新innovative adj.创新的2.productive adj.→productivity n.生产力；生产率→produce vt..生产n.农产品→production n.生产→product n.制成品3.scientific adj.→scientifically adv.科学地→science n.科学→scientist n.科学家4.donate v.→donation n.捐赠；捐赠物；赠品donor n.捐赠者5.correspond v.→correspondence n.通信;一致,相符6.orbit→orbited →orbited →orbiting7.split →split →split →splitting8.relativity n.→relative adj.相对的，比较而言的；有关系的n.亲戚→relate v.叙述；使有联系；→relation n.关系‘联系；→relationship n.关系9.biologist n.→biology n.生物→biological adj.10.accuracy n. →accurate adj. 精确的；准确的四.必背句子1.Without my English teacher's help, I wouldn't have made such rapid progress. （虚拟语气）如果没有英语老师的帮助,我就不会取得这么快的进步。

2019北师大版高中英语选修四UNIT 12 INNOVATION 知识清单(学生版)

I.阅读单词认读01.vitamin n.bour-saving adj.03.microscope n.04.correspond vi.05.satellite n.06.orbit n. vi. & vt.07.particle n.08.premier adj.09.subsequently adv.10.relativity n.11.mould n.12.penicillin n.13.navy n.14.missile n.15.physicist n.16.tube n.17.circuit n.18.coincidence n.19.incubation n.20.PhD (Doctor of Philosophy) n.21.cosmology n.22.kettle n.23.revolution n.24.fibre n.25.mechanical adj.II.重点单词识记01.n. 健康, 幸福, 舒适02.n. 垃圾03.n. 设备, 装置; 修辞手段04.adj. 立刻的, 马上的05.vt. 发射; 发动, 发起, 开始从事06.vi. & vt. 分割, 把……分开; 分成(不同部分)07.adj. 坦率的, 直言不讳的08.adj. 恒久不变的; 持续不断的, 经常发生的n. 常量, 恒量09.n. 研究的结果; 发现10.n. 生物学家11.vt. 察觉, 注意到, 发觉12.num. 百万13.adj. 谦虚的, 谦卑的14.n. 结果, 后果15.adj. 联合的, 共同的, 共有的16.vi. 出现, 浮现17.vt. 克服(困难), 控制(感情); 征服, 战胜18.vi. 减少, 降低19.adj. 宏伟的, 壮丽的, 隆重的20.n. 意外收获, 额外的好处; 奖金; 红利21.n. 重力, 引力22.n. 水蒸气; 蒸汽动力III.核心词汇拓展01.__________ n. 娱乐活动, 娱乐节目→__________ v. 招待; 使快乐; 娱乐→__________ adj. 有趣的02.__________ adj. 有天赋的, 有才华的→__________ n. 天赋, 天才, 才能; 礼物03.__________ adj. 多产的; 丰饶的; 富有成效的→__________ v. 生产n. 农产品→__________ n. 产品; 产物→__________ n. 生产; 产量04.__________ adj. 科学(上)的→__________ n. 科学→__________ n. 科学家05.__________ vi. & vt. 捐献(器官), 献(血); 捐赠, 捐献→__________ n. 捐赠, 捐献→__________ n.捐赠者06.__________ n. 准确性; 精准度; 正确, 准确→__________ adj. 正确的, 准确的→__________ adv.准确地07.__________ adv. 有效率地, 高效能地→__________ adj. 高效的→__________ adj. 效率低的→__________ n. 效率08.__________ vt. 提出(某观点、方法等) →__________ n. 提议; 建议; 求婚09.__________ adj. 一窍不通的, 一无所知的→__________ n. 线索; 提示10.__________ n. 评价, 评估→__________ v. 评价, 评估11.__________ adj. 理论的→__________ n. 理论; 学说12.__________ vi. & vt. (使)沸腾, 煮沸; (用开水)煮n. 沸腾→__________ adj. 炎热的; 炽热的→__________ adj. 煮沸的, 煮熟的13.__________ n. 改善, 改进; 改进之处→__________ v. 改善; 提高14.__________ n. 可能性→__________ adj. 可利用的; 可得到的15.__________ vi. & vt. (使)爆炸; 急剧增长→__________ n. 爆炸→__________ adj. (易)爆炸的16.__________ n. 大量, 大宗; 质量adj. 大量的→__________ adj. 巨大的; 非常严重的17.__________ n. 水手, 海员→__________ v. 航行, 起航→__________ n. 帆船运动; 航行18.__________ vt. 说明, 阐明; 给(书籍、文章等)加插图→__________ n. 说明, 阐明19.__________ vt. 控制, 管理→__________ n. 规则; 规章; 管理20.__________ vt. 保存(食物), 腌制; 维护, 保护n. 腌菜, 果酱→__________ n. 维护; 保存21.__________ adv. 特定地, 专门地→__________ adj. 特别的; 具体的; 明确的22.__________ adj. 用电的, 带电的, 电动的→__________ adj. 电的, 与电有关的→__________ adj.电子的→__________ n. 电; 电能IV.核心短语速记01.虽然; 不顾; 尽管……(仍……)02.have sth on one’s hands03.更不用说……04.范围从……到……05.算出; 弄懂; 弄清楚06.挑选; 挑出07.向某人求助08.在共同努力下09.熄灭10.致力于; 献身于11.预计会做某事12.减少到13.仔细考虑, 反省01.policy n. 政策02.polish vt. 磨光; 修改; 润色03.portable adj. 手提的, 便携式的04.positive adj. 积极的05.possibility n. 可能, 可能性06.primitive adj. 原始的; 远古的; 简陋的07.principle n. 原理; 原则; 信条08.process n. 过程vt. 加工09.prohibit vt. 阻止; 禁止10.promote vt. 促进; 提升01.If you had to choose the single most important discovery of the 20th century, you would have a realproblem on your hands. (if 引导的虚拟条件句)如果你必须在20世纪重大发现中选出最重要的一项, 这可不是件容易的事。

Unit12翻译

对水的净化已经发展为一种精制而复杂的技术。

然而，从对水污染本质的一般理解，常用的净化方法应该是简单易懂，在有些情况下应是显而易见的。

水中的杂质分为悬浮态的、胶体状的和溶解态的，悬浮颗粒的粒度较大，可以沉淀或被过滤。

而胶体状和溶解态的杂质较难去除。

有一种可能的方法是，使这些小的粒子聚集到一起变成大的悬浮颗粒而被去除。

另一种可能是，将它们转变成气体，使其从水相挥发到大气中。

无论采取上述那种方法，必须记住，提升水或用泵将水输送通过过滤池都需要能量。

知道这些原因后，来看看用于净化城市废水的过程。

第一步是污水收集系统，来自家庭、医院和学校的废水中含有食物的残渣、人类的排泄物、纸、肥皂、洗涤剂、污垢、碎布及其它各种有机残渣，当然亦含有细菌。

这样的混合物被称之为“污水”或“生活污水”（这里用sanitary（即环境卫生的）一词来描述污水的状态是很不合适的，因为它通常是指那些废物已被清除的场所）。

这些废水常常和商业废水及雨水径流一起流入污水管网。

有一些排水系统是将雨水分开的，而有些是合在一起的。

合流的管道系统造价较低，在晴天是足够的，而在雨天其总的流量很可能超过污水处理厂的处理能力，所以，允许部分废水通过溢流直接进入水体。

一级处理污水被送入处理厂后，将首先通过一系列的过程装置除去大块的物体如老鼠、柚子等等，然后废水通过一碾磨机使其中的残余物体粒度降低，以保证后续工序的有效进行。

接下来的步骤是废水经过一系列的沉淀池，首先去除比重较大的粒子，比如由雨水从马路上带下来的砂砾等；然后逐步去除其它的悬浮颗粒，包括那些在一小时左右即可沉降下来的有机营养物质。

至此，被称之为一级处理的整个过程相对来说耗费还不大，但处理效果还是有限的。

二级处理随后的这一系列步骤是通过强化的生物降解工艺，来大幅度降低水中的溶解性或细小的悬浮有机物。

在这步降解中，需要氧、微生物以及使氧和微生物与营养物质相接触的环境。

实现这一目的的一种装置叫做“滴滤器”（相当于生物滤池）。

高二英语下学期unit12-words

现在该到西头来，看人所熟知的不列颠博物院了。考古学的收藏，名人文件，抄本和印本书籍，都数一数二；顾恺之《女史箴》卷子和敦煌卷子便在此院中。瓷器也不少，中国的，土耳其的，欧洲各国的都有；中国的不用说，土耳其的青花，浑厚朴拙，比欧洲金的蓝的或刻镂的好。考古学方面，埃及王拉米塞斯第二（约公元前１２５０）巨大的花岗石像，几乎有自然史院大爬虫那么高，足为我们扬眉吐气；也有坐像。坐立像都僵直而四方，大有虽地动山摇不倒之势。这些像的石质尺寸和形状，表示统治者永久的超人的权力。还有贝叶的《死者的书》，用象形字和俗字两体写成。罗塞他石，用埃及两体字和希腊文刻着诏书一通（公元前１９５），一七九八年出土；从这块石头上，学者比对希腊文，才读通了埃及文字。所有代理bbin平台的网址
希腊巴昔农庙（Ｐａｒｔｈｅｎｏｎ）各件雕刻，是该院最足以自豪的。这个庙在雅典，奉祀女神雅典巴昔奴；配利克里斯（Ｐｅｒｉｃｌｅｓ）时代，教成千带万的艺术家，用最美的大理石，重物阜民丰，费了二十年工夫，到了公元前四三五年，才造成。庙是长方形，有门无窗；或单行或双行的石柱围绕着，像女神的马队一般。短的两头，柱上承着三角形的楣；这上面都雕着像。庙墙外上部，是著名的刻壁。庙在一六八七年让威尼斯人炸毁了一部分；一八○一年，爱而近伯爵从雅典人手里将三角楣上的像，刻壁，和些别的买回英国，费了七万镑，约合百多万元；后来转卖给这博物院，却只要一半价钱。院中特设了一间爱而近室陈列那些艺术品，并参考巴黎国家图书馆所藏的巴昔农庙诸图，做成庙的模型，巍巍然立在石山上。

高中英语一轮复习语基默写选择性必修第四册UNIT 12INNOVATION(解析版)

选择性必修第四册UNIT 12INNOVATION(限时：20分钟)Ⅰ.单词拼写一、阅读单词——知其意bour－saving adj.节省劳力的2.microscope n.显微镜3.correspond v i.通信4.satellite n.人造卫星；卫星5.premier adj.最好的；最重要的6.subsequently ad v.后来，随后7.biologist n.生物学家8.navy n.海军9.missile n.导弹，飞弹10.physicist n.物理学家11.coincidence n.运气；巧合12.kettle n.水壶，壶13.revolution n.彻底变革，革命14.fibre n.(木材、碳等天然材料的)纤维二、核心单词——写其形1.well－being n.健康，幸福，舒适2.garbage n.垃圾3.split v i. & v t.分割，把……分开；分成(不同部分)4.outspoken adj.坦率的，直言不讳的5.finding n.研究的结果；发现6.humble adj.谦虚的，谦卑的7.grand adj.宏伟的，壮丽的，隆重的8.gravity n.重力，引力9.steam n.水蒸气；蒸汽动力■结合语境运用单词10.The electronic devices (设备) need to be installed by a professional and we’d better leave them alone.11.It’s not entirely clear why, but it probably comes down to how the brain perceives (察觉) these signals.lions (百万) of dollars were spent in dealing with water pollution.13.All of these outcomes (后果) are linked to a lack of physical exercise.14.Suddenly a terrible idea emerged (出现) in his mind that he had fallen into a trap.15.It was by overcoming (克服) many difficulties that the four men came to their destination.三、拓展单词——通其变1.science n.科学→scientific adj.科学(上)的→scientist n.科学家2.accurate adj.正确无误的；精确的；准确的→accuracy n.准确性；精准度；正确，准确3.join v t.参加；加入→joint adj.联合的，共同的，共有的→jointly ad v.共同地；联合地4.clue n.线索；提示→clueless adj.一窍不通的，一无所知的5.evaluate v t.评价；评估→evaluation n.评价，评估6.theory n.理论；学说→theoretical adj.理论的7.available adj.可利用的；可获得的→availability n.可能性8.explode v i. & v t.(使)爆炸；急剧增长→explosion n.爆炸→explosive adj.易爆炸的9.illustrate v t.说明，阐明；给(书籍、文章等)加插图→illustration n.图表；图解；实例，示例10.specific adj.特有的；具体的；明确的→specifically ad v.特定地，专门地11.electric adj.用电的，带电的，电动的→electrical adj.电的；用电→electronic adj.电子的→electricity n.电；电能■利用语境串记单词12.The children in the mountain village have no entertainment，so their teachers often tell entertaining stories to entertain them after class.(entertain)13.Brian has a gift for music and he wants to be a gifted musician like Beethoven.(gift)14.The rice they grow this year is productive and they hope that the production will be twice as much as that of last year.(product)15.The donor generously donated food and money to the poor family and his donation helped them go through the hard time.(donate)16.As an efficient secretary，she can organize various jobs efficiently and improve her efficiency.(efficient)17.After months of learning，his English has improved a lot，and his parents are also pleased with the improvement.(improve)18.The government has issued a set of regulations to regulate the car rental market.(regulate)19.Though he likes sailing/to sail very much，he doesn’t want to be a sailor who sails all the year round.(sail)20.As we try our best to preserve pandas，we should also pay attention to the preservation of their habitats.(preserve)Ⅱ.短语填空1.in spite of 虽然；不顾；尽管……(仍……)2.not to mention 更不用说3.range from...to... 从……到……不等4.figure out 弄懂；弄清楚5.single out 挑选6.turn to 求助于；转向7.go out 熄灭8.be dedicated to 致力于；献给9.be reduced to 减少到10.reflect on 考虑，回想■根据语境选词填空11.I turned to him for help, but he turned his back on me.12.I wonder whether you have figured out how much the trip will cost.13.There is much we can learn by reflecting on the stories heard when we were children.14.I have difficulty singling out proper clothes for the evening party, so could you help me?15.I was in the middle of packing up my things when suddenly the light went out in the room.Ⅲ.句式仿写1.句型公式：with＋宾语＋done试卷上交以后，学生们走出了教室。

Ecosystems and Biodiversity

October 2007]
071024
Compiled by Shaymaa Ali
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Books:
Adams, S. Marshall, ed. Biological Indicators of Aquatic Ecosystem Stress. Bethesda, MD: American Fisheries Society, 2002. BA Call Number: 577.627 (B1) Attwood, Claire. Putting into Practice the Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2005. BA Call Number: 639.3 A886 (F2 -- FAO) Begon, Michael, John L. Harper, and Colin R. Townsend. Ecology: From Individuals to Ecosystems. 4th ed. Oxford: Blackwell, 2006. BA Call Number: 577 B4178 2006 (B1) Belgrano, Andrea, et al., eds. Aquatic Food Webs: An Ecosystem Approach. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005. BA Call Number: 577.6 A656f (B1) Biological Management of Soil Ecosystems for Sustainable Agriculture: Report of the International Technical Workshop Organized by EMBRAPA-Soybean and FAO, Londrina, Brazil, 24 to 27 June 2002. World Soil Resources Reports 101. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2003. BA Call Number: 631.4 B6155m (F2 -- FAO) Botkin , Daniel, et al. Forces of Change: A New View of Nature. Washington, DC: National Geographic Society, 2000. BA Call Number: 508 F697 (B1) Brown, Claire, et al. Marine and Coastal Ecosystems and Human Well-Being: Synthesis. Nairobi, Kenya: United Nations Environment Programme, 2006. BA Call Number: 333.95 M3381 (F2 -- UNEP) Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. Biodiversity and the Ecosystem Approach in Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries. Rome, Italy: FAO InterDepartmental Working Group on Biological Diversity for Food and Agriculture, 2003. BA Call Number: 631.58 G3281 (F2 -- FAO) Jørgensen, Sven E., Robert Costanza, and Fu-Liu Xu, eds. Handbook of Ecological Indicators for Assessment of Ecosystem Health. Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis, 2005. BA Call Number: 577.27 H23617 (B1) Ecosystems and Human Well-Being: Our Human Planet: Summary for DecisionMakers. The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment Series 5. Washington, DC: Island Press, 2005. BA Call Number: 333.95 E1991o (B2)

Unit 12 单元学习导航(人教版高二英语下册教案教学设计)

学习目标本单元以谈论“科学与幻想”为话题，使学生了解科学与幻想的区别，认识到学习科学的重要性；同时通过对法国科学幻想和冒险小学家儒勒凡尔纳（Jules Verne）及其作品的介绍，激发学生探索宇宙奥秘的兴趣。

学习英语构词法。

在练习写幻想短文“创造一个类似人类的生物”的实践中，培养书面表达能力，同时拓展学生创造性思维。

单元要点Word study1.fantasy2.league3.distance4.ballon5.fiction6.servant7.whale8.hunter9.collision 10.permanent 11.guest 12.voyage 13.aboard14.prisoner 15.gentle 16.marble 17.paraphrase 18.matter 19.phenomena 20.attention bour 22.hesitate 23.butcher 24.curtain 25.lip 1.幻想作品；想象的产物 2.联盟；里格（旧时长度单位） 3.距离 4.气球 5.小说；虚构的事 6.仆人；公务员 7.鲸；巨大的人或事 8.猎人；搜索者9.碰撞；冲突 10.永久的；固定不变的 11.客人；客座教授 12.航海；航空 13.在船（飞机、车）上 14.俘虏；犯人 15.温柔的；有礼貌的 16.大理石 17.意译；释义 18.事情；物质 19.现象；奇迹 20.注意力；留心 21.努力；劳动果实 22.犹豫；踌躇 23.屠夫；买肉者 24.窗帘；幕 25.嘴唇；唇状物Usefulexpressions 1.make a sketch 2.science fiction 3.in the far future e true 5.to make a living y the foundation 7.sea monster 8.set out to do sth. 9.turn out 10.from that day on 11.begin with… 12.extinct volcano 13.instead of 14.search for 15.dream of 16.throw light upon 17.attract one’s attention 18.slow down 19.in height 20.cut up 1.简单描述；列提纲 2.科幻小说 3.在遥远的未来 4.实现 5.谋生 6.奠定基础 7.海生怪物 8.着手做某事 9.结果是 10.自从那天起 11.以……为开始 12.死火山 13.而不是14.找寻 15.梦到 16.阐明某事；使某事显得非常清楚 17.引起某人注意 18.使减速慢行 19.在高度上 20.切碎Sentencepatterns &CommunicativeEnglish 1.Jules spent many years in Paris libraries studying geology, physics and many other subjects.2.Many of the instruments in his novels will remind the reader of Dr.Benjamin Franklin’s experiments with electricity.3.By taking the scientific developments of his day one step further, Jules Verne laid the foundation of modern science fiction.4.He also suggested how inventions could be used in the future to allow man to do things that were considered impossible in his own time.5.In their efforts to survive, they find themselves on the surface of the monster itself, which turns out to be a submarine.6.Dressed in diving suits, they walk around in this magic world, lighted by the lamps of the ship.7.Passing through layers of coal and marble they go deeper and deeper.8.But I found all that was taught at university very disappointing and decided that I would pioneer a new way, explore unknown powers, and unfold to the world the deepest mysteries of nature.9.While unfinished, he was ugly, but now he was a living horror.10.Under water travel and space travel have many things in common.Grammar Word-formationTopics &Writing Write a short passage about man’s great dream of creating life.语言点讲解1. The French writer Jules Verne wrote famous books, such as 20, 000 Leagues Under the Sea and Around the World in 80 days.法国作家儒勒凡尔纳写了很多著名书籍，比如《海底两万里》和《八十天环游地球》。

Unit12Innovation单词讲义-2022-2023学年高中英语北师大版选择性

Unit12单词讲义vitamin词性：名词中文意思：维生素英文释义：A substance that is essential for normal growth and nutrition in animals and plants, and is required in small amounts in the diet.词源：来自拉丁语vita（生命）和amine（胺），意为“生命的胺”。

例句：Vitamin C is an important nutrient for human health.固定搭配：vitamin deficiency（维生素缺乏）、vitamin supplements（维生素补充剂）近义词：nutrient, micronutriententertainment词性：名词中文意思：娱乐，消遣英文释义：The activity of providing enjoyment or amusement, especially to an audience.词源：来自拉丁语entertainere（招待，款待），意为“招待，款待”。

例句：Watching movies is a popular form of entertainment.固定搭配：entertainment industry（娱乐产业）、live entertainment（现场娱乐）近义词：amusement, recreationinnovation词性：名词中文意思：创新，革新英文释义：The introduction of new ideas, methods, or products.词源：来自拉丁语innovare（更新，革新），意为“更新，革新”。

例句：Technology has led to many innovations in our daily lives.固定搭配：technological innovation（技术创新）、innovation strategy（创新战略）近义词：creativity, invention, improvementgifted词性：形容词中文意思：有天赋的，有才能的英文释义：Having natural ability or talent.词源：来自古英语giftan（给予），意为“赋予才能”。

全新版大学英语（第二版）听说教程3讲义Unit12Biodiversity

Unit 12 BiodiversityPart APre-listening TaskQuestions for Discussion1.Do you know anything about biological diversity or biodiversity?2.Where can we enjoy the beauty of biodiversity?3.Is biodiversity important? Why?4.What is meant by “endangered species”? Can you name some species that are endangered?5.What are the main causes that lead some animals and plants to decline in number or evendisappear completely?6.What can we do to save species from extinction?Demo:1. Do you know anything about biological diversity or biodiversity?The term “biodiversity”comes from “biological diversity”. It is the variation of life forms within a given ecosystem on the entire Earth. Biodiversity is often used as a measure of the health of biological systems. The biodiversity found on Earth today consists of many millions of distinct biological species. The year 2010 has been declared as the International Year of Biodiversity. Today there is concern that the period since the emergence of humans is part of a mass reduction in biodiversity, caused primarily by the impact humans are having on the environment, particularly the destruction of plant and animal habitats.Additional Question for DiscussionA famous conservationist once said, “Animal conservation is a war to save the human race from committing suicide.” Do you agree?Demo:Y es, I do. As members of the earth’s ecosystem, animals play a major part in maintaining the balance and harmony of the earth’s environment. To a great extent, the human race and other animals rely on one another for survival. The extinction of one species would eventually lead to the extinction of another. If human beings did not protect animals, their own survival would soon be endangered. Therefore, a wise policy for the human race is “live and let live”.Language FocusHere are some sentences and structures that you may find useful in discussing the above questions.●Biodiversity refers to the diversity of living things on Earth and the environments in whichthey live.●Biodiversity is everywhere around us.●We can enjoy the beauty of biodiversity when we are close to nature.●Different species of flowers, trees, birds, animals show us the rich diversity of the livingworld.●All species that share the same natural environment depend on / interact with each other.●All species require a small / minimal amount of habitat for survival.●Biodiversity is important because all the species that share the same environment, or habitat,rely on one another for survival.●Every species, no matter how small, has an important role to play.●It is this combination that enables the ecosystem to prevent and recover from a variety ofdisasters.●Biodiversity is obviously useful for mankind as a larger number of plant species means agreater variety of crops.● A larger number of animal species ensure that the ecosystem is naturally sustained.●At least 40 per cent of the world’s economy and 80 per cent of the needs of the poor arederived from biological resources.●The richer the diversity of life, the greater the opportunity for medical discoveries, economicdevelopment, and adaptive responses to such new challenges as climate change.●Many species are endangered / threatened. Among these are the panda, the tiger, the sea turtle,the blue whale, the gray wolf, and the bald eagle.●Human activities and pollution are important causes of the extinction of species.●Governments / International organizations / Industries / Individuals should make great effortsto save endangered species / preserve biodiversity.●The protection of endangered species and habitats should be a top priority.●We must find solutions that benefit both humans and non-human species.Part BListening TasksPassage 1Why Is Biodiversity Important?Word Bankbiodiversity n. variety of living things 生物多样性philosophical a. of or related to philosophy 哲学的spiritual a. of the spirit, rather than the body 精神的；心灵的ecosystem n. all the plants and animals that live in a particular area and the complexrelationship that exists between them and their environment 生态系统species n. a class of animals or plants whose members are so similar that they canbreed with each other （动植物的）物种（单、复数形式相同）keystone n. basis 基石organism n. a living thing 生物；有机体regulate v. to control控制；制约recycle v. to convert (waste) to reusable material 回收利用pest n. an insect or other animal that harms food supplies or crops 害虫；有害动物（如老鼠等）raw a. not yet treated for use 未加工过的medicinal a. of healing 医疗的Script:The importance of biodiversity seems obvious to us. We enjoy the beauty of biodiversity when we take a walk in the park, take a trip to the zoo or a wild area, read books or watch TV shows about strange creatures in foreign lands. Some people believe that biodiversity is important simply because it is so wonderful. Some think there are philosophical or spiritual reasons for biodiversity. But there are other reasons why it is so important.The loss of biodiversity will change the balance of life on Earth. If an ecosystem is destroyed, many species adapted to that ecosystem may very likely be destroyed as well. If that species is what scientists call “keystone”, a whole ecosystem may depend on it. Biodiversity is also important in its direct benefits to people. Plants give us the air we breathe; animals and plants supply us with the food we eat; and organisms and microorganisms clean the air, regulate floods, recycle waste, and control pests.Biodiversity also has economic and health benefits. Both industry and agriculture depend on it for raw material and other things. And medicine is even more dependent on biodiversity. In China, more than 5,000 species of plants are used for medicinal purposes. Many species which were thought “useless” at first are found to be valuable. And this is a further threat from the loss of biodiversity.Language and Culture Notes1. Background informationBiodiversity, or biological diversity, refers to the sum total of the different species of animals, plants, and organisms living on Earth and the variety of habitats in which they live. This very broad term is essentially a synonym of “life on Earth”. Scientists estimate that more than 10 million species exist on our planet, but so far only 1.75 million species have been discovered and named. And only a very small number of those have been examined for their value in medicine, agriculture, or industry. In the meantime, we are losing much of Earth’s biodiversity. Most biologists agree that we are facing the most serious extinction of species since the disappearance of dinosaurs 65 million years ago.2. loss of biodiversityThe loss of biological diversity may take many forms but at its most fundamental and irreversible it involves the extinction of species. At present species are disappearing at an alarming rate. According to the estimate of the American biologist Edward O. Wilson, we are losing 27,000 species every year. His estimate is accepted by most biologists. Human activities are largely blamed for this. However, as more and more people realize the importance of biodiversity, positive steps have been taken to protect endangered species and to preserve biodiversity. In 1992, at the Convention on Biological Diversity, held in Rio de Janeiro, an agreement was reached by 160 countries, which called on governments to take action to protect plant and animal species.Exercise 1Listen to the recording and decide whether the following statements are true or false. If a statement is true, write T in the brackets. If it is false, write F in the brackets and the correct version in the blank.1. You can see biodiversity in the park. (T)2. You cannot enjoy the beauty of biodiversity in a foreign country if you don’t go there. (F)You can enjoy it through reading books and watching TV shows about foreign lands.3. Biodiversity is a term used to refer to the variety of living things in the world. (T)4. Scientists think that the importance of biodiversity lies in its presenting us with a wonderful world to enjoy. (F)Some people think so, but scientists believe that biodiversity is important to us because it is essential to our survival.5. The loss of a keystone species may destroy some of the living creatures in the natural world. (F) It may destroy an entire ecosystem.6. In China, over 7,000 species of plants are used for medicinal purposes. (F)More than 5,000 species of plants are used for medicinal purposes in China.Exercise 2Listen again and fill in the following blanks with the missing information.Biodiversity is everywhere around us. Without doubt, it is important to our life. Why? Below are some of the reasons:1. Biodiversity gives people a wonderful world to live in.2. The loss of any one kind of biodiversity will change the balance of life on Earth.3. Biodiversity brings direct benefits to people. For example, plants give the air we breathe.4. Biodiversity also has economic and health benefits. It provides industry and agriculture with raw material and other things. It is essential to medicine.5. Many species were thought useless at first but were later discovered valuable. This is a further threat from the loss of biodiversity.Passage 2How Many Species Are There?Word Bankgalaxy n. one of the large groups of stars in the universe 星系database n. a very large collection of related data arranged for convenient access, generally ina computer 数据库mammal n. a type of animal in which the female gives birth to babies, not eggs, and feeds them on milk from her body 哺乳动物microbe n. a living thing that is so small that it can’t be seen without a microscope 微生物；细菌Panama a country in Central America 巴拿马（中美洲国家）Script:Isn’t it surprising that scientists have a better understanding of how many stars there are in the galaxy than how many species there are on Earth? Their estimates of global species diversity vary from 2 to 100 million species. Most people agree on an estimate of somewhere near 10million and yet only 1.5 million have actually been named. Current knowledge of species diversity is limited. This problem becomes more serious because there is a lack of a central database or list of the world’s species.New species are still being discovered —even new birds and mammals. On average, about three new species of birds are found each year, and since 1990, 10 new species of monkeys have been discovered. Other groups are still far from being completely described; an estimated 40 percent of freshwater fishes in South America have not yet been classified.Scientists were startled in 1980 by the discovery of a huge diversity of insects in tropical forests. In one study of just 19 trees in Panama, 960 new species of beetles were discovered.As scientists begin investigating other little-known ecosystems, like the soil and the deep sea, “surprising”discoveries of species become commonplace. There is nothing strange about this, though, since as many as a million undescribed species are believed to live in the deep sea. And one gram of a small-sized piece of land might hold 90 million bacteria and other microbes. How many species these communities contain is still anyone’s guess.Language and Culture Notes1.Background informationWe humans have shared our planet with millions of creatures, yet we know very little of our neighbors. It is estimated that there exist 5 to 100 million species on Earth. But according to the latest counts, scientists have so far only described over 1.5 million species of animals, plants and algae. Among those are mammals (5,416), birds (9,956), reptiles (8,240), amphibians (6,199), insects (950,000), flowering plants (258,650), conifers (980), and mushrooms (16,000). The greatest diversity exists among insects, which account for nearly a million of the planet’s species. Mammals make up one of the smallest groups, with just 5,416 members.2. central databasea database that stores all the related information (about species)3. “surprising” discoveries of species become commonplacediscovering new species (in the soil and the deep sea) becomes quite ordinary4. anyone’s guesssomething that no one knows for sureExercise 1Listen to the passage and choose the right answers to the questions you hear.1. Which of the following is true?a. Scientists don’t know much about the number of stars in the galaxy.b. Scientists have a sound knowledge about the diversity of species.c. Scientists don’t agree on the number of species in the world.d. Scientists show more interest in stars in the galaxy than in species on Earth.2. How many species are there on Earth according to most scientists?a. About 10 million.b. 2 million.c. 100 million.d. 1.5 million.3. In which of the following groups is the discovery of new species not mentioned in the passage?a. Birds.b. Monkeys.c. Trees.d. Freshwater fish.4. What can you learn from the passage?a. The soil and the deep sea belong to communities that haven’t been fully explored.b. It is surprising news whenever new species are discovered in the deep sea.c. A million species in the deep sea have been discovered and named.d. About 90 million species are believed to live in the deep sea.5. Which of the following best reveals the main idea of the passage?a. Scientists differ greatly in their estimates of global species diversity.b. Knowledge of global species diversity is still limited.c. The mystery of the deep sea and the soil remains to be uncovered.d. Surprising discoveries of new species are commonplace.Exercise 2Listen to the passage again and then give a simple answer to each of the following questions.1. Which do scientists know better, the number of stars in the galaxy or the number of species on Earth?The number of stars in the galaxy.2. What is the percentage of freshwater fishes in South America that have been described?About 60%.3. How were 960 species of beetles discovered?In one study of 19 trees in Panama.4. What other little-known ecosystems are scientists investigating?The soil and the deep sea.5. How many species live in these little-known ecosystems?No one knows for sure.Speaking T asksPair WorkDebating — Arguments for or against the view that urban expansions should be stoppedbecause they cause the loss of biodiversityA SampleNowadays, some people think that urban expansions in coastal cities should be stopped because they cause the loss of biodiversity. Are you for or against this view? Express and defend your views from the perspectives given in the card below.Possible Arguments (for reference)From the perspective of an environmental conservationist (positive)Nowadays because of economic development and the increase of population in coastal cities, commercial centers, new houses and tall apartment buildings are being built in outskirts which used to be the habitats of various kinds of animals, birds, insects and plants. With the rise of blocks of buildings and people moving into them, gradually the number of species has dwindled and some species have even disappeared completely.The loss of biodiversity will certainly change the balance of life on Earth. Therefore I think urban expansion projects should be stopped. We should encourage people to go and live in inland cities. If the population can be evenly distributed, urban expansions will become quite unnecessary and the loss of biodiversity can be at least partially avoided.From the perspective of a developer (negative)I don’t think we should stop urban expansions simply because some species are disappearing. Urban expansion is an inevitable trend. With the rapid development of the economy, more businesses are set up in coastal cities, which attract a large number of investors and university graduates from home and abroad. Hence, skyscrapers, high-rises, new residential areas need to be built to accommodate companies and their staff. As the space within coastal cities is quite limited, expansion into the outskirts is naturally the first choice. It is true that with people settling in, some species may have to move out or even disappear. However, it is unwise to give a sudden stop to urban expansion projects in coastal cities because it will result in a threat to the development of human society. I think a better way is to balance the preservation of biodiversity and human development. For example, we can set up parks as habitats for various kinds of species before building projects begin. In this way we can avoid the danger of the loss of biodiversity.Now use the above sample as your model and carry on similar activities with your partner.Some Ideas for ReferenceThe Argument (positive)1.We humans are the master of nature.2.We build shelters to protect ourselves from the natural elements.3.We can grow vegetables in greenhouses all year round despite the change of seasons innature.4.Nothing can stop us in our progress, not even high mountains or surging rivers. We can buildroads through mountains and bridges over rivers.5.We have invented automobiles, planes, boats and spaceships to reach almost everywhere.6.We discover cures for a great many illnesses and diseases.7.We build reservoirs to prevent floods and generate electricity at the same time.8.We can make artificial rainfall in drought-stricken regions and turn desert into farmland.The Counter-argument (negative)1.It’s true that we humans have kept acting like a master and doing whatever we want withnature for thousands of years. However, as a consequence of this “leadership”, now we are confronted with problems that are far beyond our control.2.We have asked too much from nature and have been punished again and again.3.We cut down too many trees and destroy forests and vegetation. As a result floods frequentlytake place.4.Irresponsible development of the economy has caused serious pollution of both air and water.And diseases, caused by pollution, are increasing at an alarming rate.5.Carbon dioxide emission from cars and other sources has caused global warming.6.The holes of the ozone layer make the earth less suitable to live for some creatures includinghuman beings.7.We humans, therefore, cannot ignore the counterattack of nature.8.Treat nature nicely and we human beings can doubtlessly live harmoniously with it.Part CTest Your ListeningA PassageListen to the passage and choose the right answers to the questions you hear.1. What does this passage mainly tell us?a. A special kind of tomato.b. A newly created tomato.c. A new kind of tomato that can grow on water.d. A kind of tomato created by some Canadian scientists.2. What is the significance of the new technology?a. It can help solve the problem of feeding the world’s growing population.b. It can meet the needs of the world development.c. It can help the land of poor countries to be productive.d. It can solve the problem of the world’s growing population.3. What will happen by 2025 according to the passage?a. About 214,000 babies will be born each day.b. About 247 million acres of land will be lost to agriculture.c. The land will have become too salty.d. The world’s population will amount to over 9 billion.Script:Scientists have created a tomato that can grow on salty water. The plant is the first crop of its kind ever produced in the world. Its significance cannot be overestimated. The new technology can help mankind solve the problem of feeding its ever-expanding population. It is estimated that by 2025 the world population will amount to more than 9 billion, an increase of 3 billion over 2,000. Each day 240,000 more people are born, ready to be fed like the rest of us.Unfortunately, not all the land on Earth can be used to grow crops for humans. About 24.7 million acres of land is lost to agriculture each year because the land has become too salty. The main cause of the problem is irrigation (灌溉). When farmers water their crops, salts in the wateralso enter the soil. Over time, salts such as sodium (钠) and calcium build up to such a point that they severely harm the growth of crops. Salts destroy most plants’ability to draw up water through their roots.But, the new variety of tomato produced by American and Canadian scientists can store salts in its leaves so that the fruit doesn’t taste salty. Researchers hope this technology will enable areas of poor quality land to become productive. And they can feed some of the world’s growing population.Part DTime to TalkLook at these pictures and describe them one by one. If possible, try also to find something relevant to talk about.Hints:1. A: American redwood trees, the tallest tree in the world, over 100 metres tall, 9 metres in diameter (直径), hollow at the base, so wide a truck can drive through, as old as over 2000 years, living witnesses to the human historyB: honey bees (蜜蜂), tiny compared with the redwood trees, close to a flower, very busy, the idiom “as busy as a bee” (像蜜蜂一样忙碌), social animals, amazing organizational ability2.koala (树袋熊), lovely animal, gray coat, round eyes, big black nose, a funny-looking animal,kangaroo (袋鼠), little pocket on its belly, its young grow up there, hope to go to Australia, take a picture of the lovely animal3.tiger, seem calm and peaceful, perhaps just had a meal, he lives in the wild, no cage, blackand yellow stripes, beautiful, though he is called “king of the mountains”, the number of tigers is shrinking, take measures to protect them, disappear from the world foreverDemo:1. A: This is a picture of the American redwood trees. Redwood trees are the tallest livingtrees in the world. They can grow to be over 100 meters tall and 9 meters in diameter. Some giant redwood trees have a hollow at the base, wide enough to allow a truck to drive through.Some of the oldest trees in the Redwood National Park are as old as over 2000 years. They are living witnesses to the human history.B: The picture on the right shows a little honey bee. It’s tiny compared with the redwood trees. It’s flying close to a flower. Bees are hard-working, thus we have the idiom “as busy asa bee”. They are social animals and have an amazing organizational ability. These twopictures show how diverse living things can be on the earth.2. This picture shows a lovely little animal, koala. It has a gray coat, round eyes, a big blacknose, and a short little tail. Funny-looking, isn’t it? It lives on a special kind of tree leaves.Like the kangaroo, it has a little pocket on its belly, and baby koalas live there until they growup. Koalas are found only in Australia, just as pandas are found only in China. I certainly hopeI can go to Australia one day and take a picture of lovely koalas.3. The tiger in the picture seems calm and peaceful. Maybe he’s just had a meal. He livesin the wild, as we cannot see a cage. Look at the black and yellow stripes on its body and his face. The patterns look very beautiful. Despite the fact that he is sometimes called “king of the mountains”, the number of tigers in the world is shrinking and there are fewer tigers in the wild. If no measures are taken to protect them, tigers may disappear from the world forever.Movie TimeWord BankPandora 潘多拉，希腊神话人名，电影中指虚构的一个星球名hemisphere n.半球orbit v.环绕轨道运行Saturn n.土星toxic a.有毒的uninhabitable a.不适合居住的tropical a.热带的the Amazon Basin 亚马逊盆地bioluminescent a.生物体发出冷光的trait n.特征emit v.发射ecology n.生态symbiotic a.共生的Navi 纳美人，电影中Pandora星球上的居民namesake n.同名savage a.未开化的terrain n.地带bewitching a.令人着迷的Script:Pandora, a world of wonder and mystery, incredible danger and strange beauty. From earth’s southern hemisphere, you can see the solar system where Pandora is located. Pandora is one of the many moons orbiting the planet Polyphemus. A gas giant planet the size of Saturn. Pandora’s toxic atmosphere makes it uninhabitable by humans. Tropical rain forest covers a large part of each of the continents. These rain forests are similar to those that once covered the Amazon Basin, but on a scale several times the size of anything on earth.A wide variety of animals can be found throughout Pandora, all inspiring and dangerous. But there is beauty even in the most frightening things. Every living organism on Pandora has bioluminescent qualities that set the night aglow. Plants, animals and marine organisms shared the same trait, emitting light in breathtaking patterns.From what scientists can tell, the Pandoran ecology works and communicates like a nervoussystem, suggesting a symbiotic relationship between all things on Pandora. The tree of souls. The tree is sacred to the Navi, and believed to be the heart of the deep connection of all life.Pandora. One can only think of its namesake in Greek Mythology. The box has been opened. Amidst the savage terrain and fierce creatures, we must assume the strange bewitching place might hold something inside itself for us all. Hope for our race, for our planet, and for the future of all living things.Exercise AFill in the blanks with the information you’ve got from the movie clip.Pandora, a world of wonder and mystery, incredible danger and strange beauty. From earth’s southern hemisphere, you can see the solar system (1) ____________________________. Pandora is one of the many moons orbiting the planet Polyphemus. A gas giant planet the size of Saturn. Pandora’s toxic atmosphere makes it uninhabitable by humans. Tropical rain forest covers a large part of each of the continents. These rain forests are similar to those that once covered the Amazon Basin, but on a scale (2) ____________________________________.A wide variety of animals can be found throughout Pandora, all inspiring and dangerous. But there is (3) ____________________________________. Every living organism on Pandora has bioluminescent qualities that set the night aglow. Plants, animals and marine organisms shared the same trait, emitting light in breathtaking patterns.From what scientists can tell, the Pandoran ecology (4) ____________________________________, suggesting a symbiotic relationship between all things on Pandora. The tree of souls. The tree is sacred to the Navi, and believed to be (5) ________________________________.Pandora. One can only think of its namesake in Greek Mythology. The box has been opened. Amidst the savage terrain and fierce creatures, we must assume the strange bewitching place might hold something inside itself for us all. (6) ____________________________, for (7) __________________, and for (8) _______________________.Keys:1. where Pandora is located2. several times the size of anything on earth3. beauty even in the most frightening things4. works and communicates like a nervous system5. the heart of the deep connection of all life6. Hope for our race7. our planet8. the future of all living thingsExercise BAnswer the following questions.1.Do you think that there are aliens (E.T.) living on other planets like Pandora? Give yourreasons.2.In the future, do you think human beings will colonize other planets which can support life?。

Unit 12 单词和词组

Unit 12 The Future of Medicine1.P. 94 Box A Words2.cloning 克隆3.regenerative medicine 再生医学4.living donors 活体供者，活体捐献者an replacement 器官替代6.donated organs 捐献的器官7.recipient’s tissue接受者的组织8.trachea transplant 气管移植9.hollow organs 空腔脏器10.life expectancy 预期寿命11.revolutionize drug delivery systems 革命药物运送系统12.advances in genetic research 基因研究的进步13.bird flu (H5N1) 禽流感14.implications of mapping the human genome 人类基因组图谱的影响15.The Human Genome Project 人类基因组项目16.base pairs 碱基对17.living organism 生物体18.in technical terms 从技术角度来说19.the laboratory techniques 实验技术20.data processing 数据处理21. a new scientific discipline of bioinformatics 新兴科学学科——生物信息学22.debates on the ethics of commercializing genome research有关基因组研究商业化伦理的辩论23.human genome sequence 人类基因组排序24. a specific biological function 特别生物功能25.correlate variations in DNA 协调DNA的变化26.medical interventions 医学干预27.DNA profile 基因图28.tackle future pandemics 应付未来流行疾病29.stem cell technologies 干细胞技术30.ownership of genetic information 基因信息的所有权31.license genomic data 给基因组数据发许可证32.genetic makeup of individuals 个人的基因组成。

人教版九年级英语unit 12阅读讲义

人教版九年级英语unit 12阅读讲义本篇阅读讲义主要介绍了人教版九年级英语教材中的第十二单元内容。

该单元主要包括课文阅读和相关练，旨在帮助学生提高英语阅读能力。

课文阅读Text 1: Life in the Future本文通过描绘未来的生活给我们展示了科技进步的惊人成果。

未来的家庭将拥有智能家居，可以通过人工智能完成各种任务。

汽车将变得更加智能，可以自动驾驶。

人们还可以通过虚拟现实技术参观各种国家和地方。

总之，未来的生活将更加便捷、舒适和有趣。

Text 2: Amazing Inventions本文介绍了几项令人惊叹的发明。

其中包括智能手表、智能眼镜和智能翻译机。

智能手表可以跟踪我们的健康状况，智能眼镜可以提供增强现实体验，智能翻译机可以帮助我们在不同语言之间进行交流。

这些发明将极大地改变我们的生活方式和交流方式。

Text 3: Future Jobs本文介绍了一些未来可能出现的职业。

随着科技的发展，许多新职业将诞生。

例如，无人机驾驶员、虚拟现实设计师和机器人工程师等。

这些职业将需要不同的技能和知识，年轻人应该努力研究和适应这些新的职业需求。

阅读练1. 根据Text 1的内容回答问题：未来的生活将会变得怎样？2. 根据Text 2的内容选择正确的描述：智能翻译机可以做什么？- A. 跟踪健康状况- B. 提供增强现实体验- C. 帮助在不同语言之间交流3. 根据Text 3的内容回答问题：未来可能出现的职业有哪些？请根据你的教材进行阅读和练，以提高你的英语阅读能力。

公开课教案biodiversity

公开课教案Biodiversity一、教学目标1. 让学生了解生物多样性的概念、内涵和价值。

2. 让学生掌握生物多样性的三个层次：遗传多样性、物种多样性和生态系统多样性。

3. 培养学生关爱生物，保护生物多样性的意识。

二、教学内容1. 生物多样性的概念与内涵2. 生物多样性的价值3. 生物多样性的三个层次4. 保护生物多样性的措施5. 学生实践活动：制作生物多样性保护宣传海报三、教学重点与难点1. 教学重点：生物多样性的概念、内涵、价值及保护措施。

2. 教学难点：生物多样性的三个层次的理解和应用。

四、教学方法1. 采用问题驱动法，引导学生思考生物多样性的重要性。

2. 运用案例分析法，让学生了解生物多样性的实际意义。

3. 利用小组讨论法，培养学生的团队协作能力和口头表达能力。

4. 采用实践活动法，提高学生的动手操作能力。

五、教学过程1. 导入：通过展示一组图片，让学生感受生物多样性的魅力，引出本课主题。

2. 讲解：介绍生物多样性的概念、内涵和价值，讲解生物多样性的三个层次。

3. 案例分析：分析具体案例，让学生了解生物多样性的实际意义。

4. 小组讨论：让学生分组讨论保护生物多样性的措施，培养学生的团队协作能力和口头表达能力。

5. 实践活动：让学生制作生物多样性保护宣传海报，提高学生的动手操作能力。

6. 总结：对本课内容进行总结，强调保护生物多样性的重要性。

六、教学评价1. 评价学生对生物多样性概念、内涵和价值的理解。

2. 评价学生对生物多样性三个层次的掌握情况。

3. 评价学生关爱生物，保护生物多样性的意识。

4. 评价学生制作生物多样性保护宣传海报的创意和动手能力。

七、教学资源1. 图片素材：展示各种生物多样性的实例图片。

2. 案例资料：提供有关生物多样性保护的成功案例。

3. 海报制作材料：彩纸、彩笔、剪刀等。

4. 网络资源：为学生提供更多有关生物多样性的相关信息。

八、教学进度安排1. 第1周：介绍生物多样性的概念、内涵和价值。

2第二周Unit12早读任务内容

高三一轮复习英语早读任务二一、阅读障碍词汇（识读）Unit12核心单词练通1.garbage n.垃圾2.device n.设备，装置；修辞手段3.correspond vi.通信4.satellite n.人造卫星；卫星5.biologist n.生物学家lion num.百万7.navy n.海军8.physicist n.物理学家9.emerge vi.出现，浮现10.bonus n.意外收获，额外的好处；奖金；红利11.steam n.水蒸气；蒸汽动力12.boil vi. & vt.（使）沸腾，煮沸；（用开水）煮；n.沸腾13.preserve vt. 保存（食物），腌制；维护，保护；n.腌菜，果酱Unit 1阅读单词知意1.secondary adj.中等教育；中级的；次要的2.dynamic adj.充满活力的；精力充沛的3.campus n.校园petence n.能力，胜任5.chapter n.一段时期；章节6.apartment n.公寓套房7.leisure n.空闲，闲暇，业余时间8.lifestyle n.生活方式9.teen n.少年，十几岁的孩子ptop n.笔记本电脑，便携式电脑11.digital adj.数字的，数码的12.hardware n.（计算机）硬件13.necessity n.必需品14.revise vi.& vt.复习itary n.军队，武装力量16.certificate n.合格证书ughter n.笑；笑声18.gym n.体育馆，健身房19.presentation n.报告；陈述，说明20.slide n.幻灯片21.digestion n.消化22.recreation n.娱乐，消遣23.rural adj.农村的，乡村的，田园的核心单词练通1.shift n.（工厂、医院等轮班制的）当班时间2.chat vi.& n.闲谈，聊天3.definitely adv.确切地，肯定地4.native n.本地人5.range n.一系列；范围6.actually adv.实际上，事实上7.drag vt.拖，拉8.goal n.目标，目的9.aim n.目的，意图vi.力求达到10.target n.目标11.update vt.更新12.meanwhile adv.与此同时13.saying n.格言，谚语14.downtown adv.向/在城镇商业中心区15.expert n.专家，行家16.entirely adv.完全地，彻底地17.absolutely adv.正是，当然18.tension n.紧张；焦虑19.tough adj.困难的，难办的20.flash vi.& vt.闪现，闪过n.照相机闪光灯21.besides prep.除……之外22.charity n.慈善机构，慈善团体Unit1分组识练短语第一组1.all in all总而言之，总的来说2.from time to time有时；偶尔；间或3.according to按……所说，根据4.in person亲自5.tend to do sth易于做某事6.get ahead取得进步，获得成功7.suffer from（身体或精神上）遭受……（痛苦）8.to be frank坦白说，坦率地说9.due to因为10.in other words换句话说第二组1.graduate from从……毕业2.all sorts of各种各样的3.give up放弃4.deal with对付，应付，处理5.be responsible for对……负责6.as well as ……以及……7.adapt to sth适应某事8.at the moment此刻，目前，眼下9.look forward to （doing）sth期待，盼望1.ABC式过去式、过去分词变化①arise→arose→arisen②drive→drove→driven③ride→rode→ridden④rise→rose→risen⑤write→wrote→written⑥sing→sang→sung2.后缀－ation高频名词集锦①expectation 期待；预料②consideration 考虑；深思③celebration 庆祝；庆典④appreciation 欣赏；感激⑤inspiration 鼓舞；灵感⑥graduation 毕业3.all相关短语大全①all in all 总的说来②above all 首先；最重要的是③in all 全部；合计④at all 一点也不；到底；究竟⑤first of all 首先；第一⑥after all 毕竟；究竟二、词性转换（背诵）Unit1210.subsequent adj.随后的；紧接的→subsequently adv.后来，随后11.constant adj.恒久不变的；持续不断的，经常发生的n.常量，恒量→constantly adv.不断地；时常地12.efficient adj.有效率的，高效能的→efficiently adv.有效率地，高效能地→efficiency n.效率13.propose vt.提出（某观点、方法等）→proposal n.建议，提议14.improve vi.& vt.提高，改善→improvement n.改善，改进；改进之处15.available adj.可以利用的→availability n.可能性16.sail vi.& vt.航行→sailor n.水手，海员17.regulate vt.控制，管理→regulation n.规章，规则→regular adj.规则的；有规律的→irregular adj.不整齐的；不规则的18.illustrate vt.说明，阐明；给（书籍、文章等）加插图→illustration n.插图；说明19.mechanical adj.机械的→mechanically adv.机械地20.specifical adj.特定的，专门的→specifically adv.特定地，专门地21.accurate adj.正确的，准确的→accurately adv.准确地→accuracy n.准确性；精准度；正确，准确Unit 1拓展单词用活1.stress n.压力；忧虑；紧张v.强调；着重→stressful adj.充满压力的，紧张的→stressed adj.焦虑不安的；重读的2.challenge n.挑战；具有挑战性的事物vt.向……挑战→challenging adj.富有挑战性的3.differ vi.不同，不一样，有区别→different adj.不同的→difference n.差异；不同4.expect vt.期待；预料，预期→expectation n.期待；预料，预期5.confident adj.自信的→confidence n.自信，信心；信赖6.press v.压，按；挤，推→pressure n.压力7.recover vi.恢复健康，康复→recovery n.康复8.injure vt.损伤；伤害；使受伤→injury n.伤，损害→injured adj.受伤的；有伤的9.fortune n.财富；运气→fortunate adj.幸运的；吉利的→fortunately adv.幸运地→unfortunately adv.不幸地；令人遗憾地10.volunteer vi.& vt.自愿；志愿n.志愿者→voluntary adj.志愿的；服务的；自愿的11.vary v.（使）变化，改变→various adj.各种各样的；多种（类型）的→variety n.种类；多样性；变化12.convenient adj.方便的，便利的→convenience n.方便，便利→inconvenience n.不便13.addict n.对……着迷的人→addicted adj.入了迷的；上了瘾的→addictive adj.使人上瘾的→addiction n.沉溺；嗜好14.distance n.距离，间距→distant adj.遥远的；疏远的15.suffer vi.& vt.遭受（痛苦）→suffering n.痛苦；苦难；折磨16.reduce vt.减少；降低；缩小→reduction n.减少；降低17.graduate vi.毕业n.毕业生→graduation n.毕业18.inspire vt.鼓励，激励→inspired adj.受到激励的→inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的；启发灵感的→inspiration n.灵感19.apply vi.申请；请求→application n.申请；应用→applicant n.申请人20.independent adj.独立的→independently adv.独立地，自立地→independence n.独立21.power n.电，电力；力量→powerful adj.强大的；强有力的22.responsible adj.负责的；有责任心的→responsibility n.责任23.attract vt.吸引→attractive adj.有吸引力的；好看的，美观的→attraction n.吸引力；有吸引力的特征（或品质、人）anise vt.组织，筹划→organised adj.有组织的；有条理的→organisation n.组织，团体，机构25. contribute vi.& vt.贡献；捐献；投稿→contribution n.贡献26.intend vt.计划，打算，想要→intention n.目的，意图；打算27.adapt vi.（使）适应→adaptation n.适应；改编本三、经典句式（背诵）1.（2022·全国乙卷）Because of their lack of self－discipline，they re more easily addicted to chatting online or playing games.由于缺乏自律，他们更容易沉迷于网上聊天或玩游戏。

Unit+12+Innovation+复习知识清单二- 高中英语北师大版(2019)选择性必修第四册

选四Unit12复习二背诵版一.必背词汇36. physicist n. 物理学家37. joint adj. 联合的，共同的，共有的38. tube n. 圆管，管子；电视显像管，阴极射线管39. circuit n. 电路，线路；环形道路40. efficiently adv. 有效率地，高效能地41. propose vt. 提出（某观点、方法等）42. emerge vi. 出现，浮现43. coincidence n. 运气；巧合44. clueless adj. 一无所知的，一窍不通的45. incubation n. 孵化46. evaluation n. 评估，评价47. theoretical adj. 理论的48. overcome vt. 克服（困难），控制（感情）；征服，战胜49. PhD (Doctor of Philosophy) n. 博士学位50. cosmology n. 宇宙论，宇宙学51. grand adj. 宏伟的，壮丽的，隆重的52. decline vi. 减少，降低;谢绝，委婉拒绝53. in spite of 虽然；不顾；尽管……（仍……）54. bonus n. 意外收获，额外的好处；奖金；红利55. gravity n. 重力，引力56. steam n. 水蒸气；蒸汽动力57. kettle n. 水壶，壶58. boil vi. &vt. （使）沸腾，煮沸；（用开水）煮n. 沸腾59. improvement n. 改善，改进；改进之处60. revolution n. 彻底变革，革命61. availability n. 可能性62. fibre n. （木材、碳等天然材料的）纤维63. explode vi. &vt. （使）爆炸；急剧增长64. mass n. 大量，大宗adj. 大量的65. sailor n. 水手，海员66. illustrate vt. 说明，阐明；给（书籍、文章等）加插图67. regulate vt. 控制，管理68. mechanical adj. 机械的69. preserve vt. 保存（食物），腌制；维护，保护n. 腌菜，果酱70. specifically adv. 特定地，专门地71. accurate adj. 正确的，准确的72. electric adj. 用电的，带电的，电动的二.、必背短语1. with our joint efforts 在我们的共同努力下2.propose doing sth.提议/建议做某事propose to do sth. 打算/计划做某事3.by coincidence 碰巧；巧合4.in spite of =despite虽然，尽管5. a mass of 大量的.....6.be overcome with joy/fear/...非常高兴/害怕/.....三．语法填空必背派生词1.physicist n.→physics n.物理→physical adj.身体的；物理的；实体的（physician n.内科医生）2.efficiently adv.→efficient adj. 高效的→efficiency n.效率；功率3.emerge vi.→emergence n.出现；兴起4. coincidence n.→coincide v.同时发生；相符；相一致;5.clueless adj.→clue n. 线索，提示;提示语；vt.为…提供线索6. theoretical adj.→theoretically adv.理论上；从理论上说→theory n.理论7. availability n.→available 可获得的；可利用的；有空的；8. explode v.→explosion n.爆炸（声）；激增→explosive adj.爆炸性的；迅猛的;突然爆发的9. regulate vt →regulation 调节；控制;管理；控制;规章；规定10. electric adj.用电的，带电的，电动的electrical adj.电的；电气的（与电学有关的）electronic adj.电子的;电子学的四.必背句子1.On the one hand, clearly realizing that she shouldn’t quarrel with her mother, she felt so guilty that she wanted to apologize.一方面，她清楚地意识到自己不应该和母亲吵架，她感到非常内疚，想道歉。

贵州贵阳清华中学初中英语九年级全册Unit 12知识点(培优提高)

一、选择题1．—Don’t cut in line, Wang Ming.— Sorry, I will wait ________ others.A．in front of B．far away from C．in line with C解析：C【详解】句意：——王明，别插队。

——对不起，我会和其他人排队等候。

考查介词短语。

in front of在……前面；far away from远离；wait in line with和……排队；根据句意理解可知，这里指的是“排队”，也就是要和其他人一致，只有C选项符合题意，故选C。

2．Miss Lee likes _________. She tells everyone that she has got a new car.A．coming out B．showing off C．turning out D．taking off B解析：B【详解】句意：李小姐喜欢炫耀。

她告诉每个人她有一辆新车。

考查动词短语辨析。

A. 出来；B. 炫耀；C.转身；D. 起飞。

根据She tells everyone that she has got a new car.可知show off符合句意，故选B。

3．As far as I know, the robot that can sweep the floor ________ in the 1980s.A．is invented B．invented C．was invented D．has invented C解析：C【解析】【详解】句意：据我所知，能扫地的机器人是在20世纪80年代发明的。

考查一般过去时的被动语态。

A. is invented一般现在时的被动语态；B. invented过去式或过去分词；C. was invented一般过去时的被动语态；D. has invented现在完成时。

根据题干可知，句子的主语the robot是谓语动词invent的承受者，构成被动关系，所以用被动语态；由时间状语in the 1980s可知句子时态用一般过去时；一般过去时的被动语态构成为was/were+动词的过去分词；主语the robot是第三人称单数，所以用was，故答案选C。

高二英语SBII-Unit-12(3)

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[单选,A1型题]临产的主要标志是（）A.不规则宫缩B.见红C.规律性宫缩，阴道流血D.规律性宫缩，宫颈口扩张E.规律性宫缩渐强+宫口扩张+先露下降 [单选,A1型题]当创伤事件的片段如同黑白影片中的一个个画面一样在当事人的脑中反复闪现时，当事人出现的创伤后反应是（）A.焦虑B.抑郁C.精神病性症状D.解离E.创伤后应激障碍 [填空题]城市普通中小学设卫生室，按学生人数（）比１的比例配备专职卫生技术人员。 [单选]制作胶版前要检查（）上的文字是否有错误、是否符合规范要求等问题。A.稿纸B.轮廓C.小版样D.大版样 [单选]编制利润表主要是根据()。A.资产、负债及所有者权益各账户的本期发生额B.资产、负债及所有者权益各账户的期末余额C.损益类各账户的本期发生额D.损益类各账户的期末余额 [单选,A2型题,A1/A2型题]2级高血压，血压水平为（）A.收缩压140～149mmHg，舒张压90～99mmHgB.收缩压160～179mmHg，舒张压100～109mmHgC.收缩压150～159mmHg，舒张压90～109mmHgD.收缩压170～189mmHg，舒张压90～109mmHgE.收缩压160～179mmHg，舒张压109～119mmHg [多选]《建设工程工程量清单计价规范》附录是编制分部分项工程量清单的依据，其中附录C中包括的安装专业工程有（）。A.构筑物工程B.炉窑砌筑工程C.工艺金属结构制作安装工程D.消防工程 [单选,A3型题]患儿，女，4个月，因惊厥5分钟来院就诊，患儿牛乳喂养，未添加辅食。1日来好哭闹，流涕，无发热、咳嗽、吐泻。查体：T37.8℃，双眼凝视，面肌颤动，面色发绀，四肢抖动，双肺有痰鸣，心腹（﹣），前囟平软2cm×2cm，脑膜刺激征（﹣），枕部有乒乓球感。首选的急救措 [问答题,简答题]药品监督管理部门按照规定对经认证合格的药品生产企业认证后应如何管理？ [单选,A2型题,A1/A2型题]梅毒引起的鼻中隔穿孔多位于（）。A.Little区B.鼻中隔前上部C.鼻中隔前下部D.鼻中隔骨部E.鼻中隔软骨部 [单选]某计算机研究所接受上级单位下达的任务开发了一套财务管理的软件，双方事前对该软件的著作权归属未作约定。该软件的著作权应属于（）。A.计算机研究所B.上级单位C.软件开发者D.计算机研究所和上级单位 [单选]湿陷性黄土一般呈黄色或黄褐色，其中粉土含量常占()以上。A．50%B．60%C．70%D．80% [单选,A1型题]以下除哪项外，均是攻下药的适应证（）A.饮食积滞B.虚寒泻痢C.血热妄行D.冷积便秘E.大肠燥热 [单选,A2型题,A1/A2型题]分化是指肿瘤细胞生长成熟的程度（）A.分化程度越高则恶性程度越高B.分化程度越低则恶化程度越低C.未分化细胞越少则恶性程度越高D.分化程度越低则越接近其相应的发源组织E.未分化细胞越少则越接近其相应的发源组织 [单选]Inmarsat通信系统中，地面站的工作波段为（）。A、L波段B、C波段C、S波段D、X波段 [问答题,简答题]发电机强励值是多少？ [单选]通过传播媒介，交易者能够及时了解期货市场的交易情况和价格变化，这反映了期货价格的（）。A．公开性B．预期性C．连续性D．权威性 [单选]关于承诺的正确表述为（）。A.受要约人超过承诺期限发出承诺的，除要约人及时通知受要约人该承诺有效的以外，为新要约B.受要约人超过承诺期限发出承诺的，除要约人及时通知受要约人该承诺失效的以外，为有效C.承诺可以撤销，撤销承诺的通知应当在承诺通知到达要约人之前或者 [单选]在一般智能建筑系统中，应优先考虑使用的火灾探测器为（）。A.感烟火灾探测器B.感光火灾探测器C.感温火灾探测器D.气体火灾探测器 [单选]阻塞性肺气肿的治疗目的是（）A.止咳平喘B.改善呼吸功能C.控制感染D.使桶状胸消失E.防止发生肺心病 [单选,A1型题]排尿过程中突然尿流中断，疼痛剧烈，改变体位后又可排尿的是（）A.肾结石B.输尿管结石C.膀胱结石D.后尿道结石E.前尿道结石 [单选]（）能使员工完成任务的内容、形式和手段发生变化。A.建立工作小组B.工作丰富化C.工作扩大化D.岗位轮换 [单选]绒毛膜癌病人的处理原则为（）A.进行放疗B.同位素治疗C.子宫切除D.以化疗为主E.子宫及附件切除 [问答题,简答题]主变型号？ [单选,B1型题]内源性维生素D是（）A.麦角骨化醇B.胆骨化醇C.维生素DD.25-（OH）DE.1，25-（OH）D [单选]在腰肌劳损的治疗方法中，不正确的是（）A.注意休息，防止再发病B.加强功能锻炼，练习弯腰持物的力量C.疼痛部位进行理疗D.疼痛剧烈，痛点可注射肾上腺皮质类固醇E.疼痛严重可口服止痛药物 [单选]声卡是多媒体计算机不可缺少的硬件设备，以下（1）采样频率是其不支持的，（2）功能也是声卡不支持的。空白（2）处应选择（）A.录制声音B.MIDI合成CD播放D.语音识别 [单选]扬声器的纸盆口径一般采用（）作单位。A、寸B、尺C、英寸D、米 [填空题]合适的入浮煤浆浓度取决于（）和（），尤其是（）。 [多选]7月份，大豆现货价格为5030元／吨，期货市场上10月份大豆期货合约价格为5050元／吨。9月份，大豆现货价格降为5010元／吨，期货合约价格相应降为5020元／吨。则下列说法不正确的有（）。A．此市场上进行卖出套期保值交易，则现货市场上每吨亏损20元B．此市场上进行买入套期保 [判断题]浮选加药顺序一般为：先加抑制剂或调整剂，再加捕收剂，最后加起泡剂。如煤泥中有相当部分自然疏水性颗粒粘附气泡而优先浮起时，可先加起泡剂，再加捕收剂。A.正确B.错误 [单选]冠状动脉瘤表现为管腔的局限性扩张，其管径超过该血管最大径线的（）A.1倍B.1.2倍C.1.5倍D.1.6倍E.1.8倍 [多选]护面墙的类型有()。A.实体式B.窗孔式C.衡重式D.锚杆式E.拱式 [单选,A2型题,A1/A2型题]急性粟粒型肺结核治疗方案中可选（）A.异烟肼、卡那霉素、吡嗪酰胺B.异烟肼、链霉素、卷曲霉素C.氨硫脲、乙胺丁醇、对氨基水杨酸D.利福平、异烟肼、丙硫异烟胺E.异烟肼、利福平、链霉素、对氨基水杨酸 [单选]关于阴道壁，下述哪项是错误的？（）A.阴道黏膜为复层鳞状上皮B.阴道壁富有静脉丛，局部损伤易形成血肿C.阴道黏膜受卵巢激素的影响有周期性变化D.阴道上皮富有腺体，故妇女常有白带多的症状E.阴道有很多横纹皱襞，外覆有弹力纤维，故有很大的伸展力 [单选]下列哪种农药属于杀虫剂（）A、乐果B、大隆C、百菌清D、2.4-滴 [单选]溃疡性结肠炎病变多位于()A．回盲部B．末段回肠C．升结肠D．直肠和乙状结肠E．肛门 [问答题,简答题]原始宗教产生的原因及其实质？ [名词解释]地球化学异常 [多选]下面哪些协议是数据链路层协议（）A.PPPB.HDLCC.IPXD.IEEE802.3

司马中学unit12的诵读材料英语范文

司马中学unit12的诵读材料英语范文
【原创版】
目录
1.介绍司马中学的 unit12 诵读材料
2.阐述英语范文的重要性
3.分析英语范文的特点
4.如何利用英语范文提高英语水平
5.结论
正文
司马中学 unit12 的诵读材料英语范文是一篇高质量的英语文章，它旨在帮助学生通过阅读和模仿优秀的英语写作，提高自己的英语写作水平。

英语范文在英语学习中具有重要的地位。

它能够帮助学生了解英语的表达方式和语法结构，引导学生如何正确地使用英语表达自己的思想和观点。

司马中学 unit12 的诵读材料英语范文就是一篇典型的英语范文，它结构清晰，语言流畅，表达准确，是学生学习英语写作的优秀范本。

这篇英语范文有以下几个特点。

首先，它有一个明确的主题，即“保护环境”，并且围绕这个主题进行了深入的探讨。

其次，它的篇章结构清晰，每个段落都有明确的主题句，支持句和结论句，使得读者能够清楚地理解文章的观点和逻辑。

再次，它的语言表达准确，词汇丰富，句式多样，使得文章读起来既有趣味性，又有知识性。

那么，如何利用这篇英语范文提高我们的英语水平呢？首先，我们要认真阅读这篇范文，理解它的主题，结构和语言表达。

其次，我们要模仿这篇范文的写作方式，进行英语写作练习。

再次，我们要通过阅读和模仿更多的英语范文，不断提高我们的英语写作能力。

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Unit 12 Biodiversity
Part B
Passage 1
Exercise 1
1. (T)
2. (F)
3. (T)
4. (F)
5. (F)
6. (F)
Exercise 2
1. Biodiversity gives people a wonderful world to live in.
2. The loss of any one kind of biodiversity will change the balance of life on Earth.
3. Biodiversity brings direct benefits to people. For example, plants give the air we breathe.
4. Biodiversity also has economic and health benefits. It provides industry and agriculture with raw material and other things. It is essential to medicine.
5. Many species were thought useless at first but were later discovered valuable. This is a further threat from the loss of biodiversity.
Passage 2
Exercise 1
1. Which of the following is true?-----C
2. How many species are there on Earth according to most scientists?----A
3. In which of the following groups is the discovery of new species not mentioned in the passage?---C
4. What can you learn from the passage?---A
5. Which of the following best reveals the main idea of the passage?---B
Exercise 2
1. The number of stars in the galaxy.
2. About 60%.
3. In one study of 19 trees in Panama.
4. The soil and the deep sea.
5. No one knows for sure.
Part C
1. What does this passage mainly tell us?----B
2. What is the significance of the new technology?----A
3. What will happen by 2025 according to the passage?----D
1。