上海高考英语各类体裁概要写作技巧-word文档

上海高考英语写作技巧和方法

2.尽管被告知许多遍，他仍然重复这个错。 _H_a_v_i_n_g_b_e_e_n__to_l_d______________ many times, he still repeated mistake. 3.除非被邀请发言，你应该在会议上保持沉默。 Unless__i_n_v_it_e_d_______ to speak, you should keep silent at the meeting.
Translate the sentences by using Inverted Sentences
1.他从不说关于他家庭的事。 Never did he speak about his own family. 2.只有我们每个人都意识到水的重要性，我们才能生活得更好。 Only when each of us realizes the importance of water, can we live a better life. 3.只有用这种方式，我们才能有足够的经历好好学习。
He had a high fever and went to see the doctor.
存在问题
（3）I am quite satisfied with the travel agency , the local tour guide John was very enthusiastic and considerate to all tourists, he could concern old man in our group.
总结：如何处理或整理信息
一、按信息内容或逻辑关系分为五大信息块（ w h o , w h a t , w h y, w h e n , w h e re ）；二、一个完整的信息用一个句子来表达；三、信息之间若存在逻辑关系就合并，若无则不能随便合并。四、总体信息和细节信息不能合并；五、要正确使用标点符号避免影响信息的正确表达

高考英语概要写作答题技巧

高考英语概要写作答题技巧概要写作要求读懂所给的阅读材料，用自己的语言高度概括文章的主要内容和观点，有三个步骤：1阅读a.把握文章体裁。

概要写作的前提是要理解原文。

首先，通读原文，把握文章体裁、中心思想和整体结构，根据文章的体裁特点来决定内容的取舍，可以从以下方面的内容(见下表)入手。

▲不同体裁文章的要点b.画出主题句或关键词，主题句一般出现在段首或段尾。

在找到主题句后，要分析主题句的意义，进一步确定衬托主题句的一些关键词（组）如动词、名词等。

c.整合概括大意。

根据阅读时获取的信息、主题句或关键词(组)等，对相关的内容进行整合，理清各层次、要点之间的关系，用自己的语言把词(组)扩展成句，归纳出各段落的大意，也就是表达的要点。

2写作概要写作不是对原文的简单复述，而是在透彻理解原文的基础上，对原文进行高度的概括。

注意以下几点：a.准确。

准确理解原文包括对原文中每个要点及与之相关的“一些重要论据，句子的理解等。

概要写作必须绝对忠实于原文，既不能遗漏任何要点，也不能随意添加内容。

概要写作的时态顺应与原文的时态，顺序一致。

由于概要写作是转述别人的事情或观点，所以，不管原文使用何种人称概要写作一般都要用第三人称。

b.客观。

在进行概要写作时，要依据原文作者的观点，客观地转述文中的要点，不要把自己个人的观点和看法掺杂进去，不要使用“I think”和“I believe”等主观性的词句。

由于概要写作不允许照抄原文中的句子，因此，可采用句型转换、同义词转化、语态互换等手法将原文中的句子进行改头换面，达到“雁过不留痕”的效果。

如可用单个词汇替换具有相同语法功能的单词和词组：用determine代替“make up ones mind”;用therefore和to等表示逻辑意义的连接词代替较长的词组“as a result”和“in order to”等。

c.简洁。

由于概要写作的词数有限，所以，可以采取削“枝”去“叶”的方法来减少词数。

2024年上海市高三英语高考一轮复习考点19 概要写作技巧

考点19 概要写作技巧课前热身练 (1)核心考点梳理 (3)（一）概要写作常考体裁 (3)（二）写作步骤 (3)（三）如何概括主旨大意 (4)（四）如何用自己语言表达原文主旨 (6)当堂知识检测 (10)课后巩固提高 (16)课前热身练Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible.Kangaroos can “talk” to usKangaroos can “talk” to people, according to a new study. The report is the first research of its kind to be done on marsupials—a type of creature whose young get carried in skin pockets on their mother’s body. It suggests kangaroos are cleverer than previously thought.Researchers from the University of Roehampton in the UK and the University of Sydney in Australia tested kangaroos at the Australian Reptile (爬行动物) Park, Wildlife Sydney Zoo and Kangaroo Protection Co-operative. The scientists put food in a box that the kangaroos could not open, and waited to see what the animals would do. Rather than giving up, 10 out of the 11 kangaroos actively looked at the person who had put the food in the box and then looked at the box. The researchers said this could be interpreted as the kangaroos requesting help to open the container.Dr Alexandra Green, a co-author of the study, told The Guardian newspaper that some of the kangaroos actually approached the person and started scratching (挠) and sniffing (嗅) him, then looked back at the box. “So they were really trying to communicate,” Green said. This behaviour is not uncommon in animals. However, it is usually only seen in domesticated animals, such as pets or farm animals. The lead author of the study, Dr Alan McElligott, explained, “Through this study, we were able to see that communication between creatures can be learnt and that the behaviour of looking at humans to access food is not related to domestication. “Indeed, kangaroos showed a very similar pattern of behaviour we have seen in dogs, horses and even goats, when put to the same test,” he added.It is hoped that the study will give people a more positive attitude towards kangaroos, which are sometimes seen as harmful creatures that damage farmers’ crops.____________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________71．In a recent study, kangaroos have proved to be smarter than we thought—they have the ability to communicate with humans. Facing the inaccessible food in the tests, kangaroos which are similar to domesticated animals were found to turn to people using body language. The findings have refreshed the scientists’ understanding of kangaroos’ behaviour, probably improving our perception of them.【导语】本文是一篇说明文。

上海高考英语概要写作解题技巧详解版

高考summary专题答题技巧详解【知识梳理】一. 定义概要写作是对原文的高度浓缩，是阅读者在不改变原文的中心思想、体裁和结构的前提下用简洁、精炼的语言表述一篇文章的主要内容、基本观点或事实。

它主要包括阅读和写作两个过程二. 要点简洁全面准确连贯客观三．写作的技巧1) 删除细节。

只保留主要观点。

2) 把长段的描述变成短小、简单的句子。

如果材料中描述某人或某事用了十个句子，那么你只要把它们变成一两句即可。

3) 避免重复。

在原文中，为了强调某个主题，可能会重复论证说明。

但是这在摘要中是不能使用的。

应该删除那些突出强调的重述句。

4) 压缩长的句子。

如下列两例：“His courage in battle might without exaggeration be called lion-like.”可以概括为：”He was very brave in battle.”“He was hard up for money and was being pressed by his creditor.”可以概括为：“He was in financial difficulties.”5) 你还可以使用词组代替整句或者从句。

请看下面的例子：“Beautiful mountains like Mount Tai, Lushan Mountain, and Mount Huang, were visited by only a few people in the past. Today, better wages, holidays with pay, new hotels on these mountains, and better train and bus services, have brought them within reach of many who never thought of visiting them ten years ago.”可以概括为：”Beautiful mountains like Mount Tai, once visited by only a few people, are today accessible to many, thanks to better wages, paid holidays, new hotels and better transportation services.”6) 使用概括性的名词代替具体的词，比如：“She brought home several Chinese and English novels, a few copies of Time and Newsweek and some textbooks. She intended to read all of them during the winter vocation.”可以概括为：”She brought home a lot of books to read during the vocation.”7）巧妙使用连接词。

(完整版)上海高考英语新题型之概要写作(Summary)

上海高考英语新题型之概要写作澄衷高级中学孙吉从2017年起，上海英语高考试卷的题型将面临许多调整，其中之一便是增加了概要写作（Summary writing），也有许多人将之称为“小作文”。

概要写作分值占据15分，考查的是考生阅读和写作的综合能力。

概要写作所给定的语篇一般在200-250字，内容丰富多样，包含故事、时政、科普等，体裁以记叙文、说明文为主，字数一般要求在50-60字，答案尽量符合“Key points of a summary”的要求。

一．正确认识概要写作1. Definition of summary writing（概要写作的定义）By summary, we mean a brief restatement, in your own words, of the content of a passage, an article, a chapter or a book.2. Key points of a summary（概要写作的要点）Conciseness（简要性）：Omit unnecessary details like examples, explanations and other unimportant information.Length: 1/4-1/3 of the original text.Completeness（完整性）：To include all the main and supporting points delivered in you own words in a condensed manner.Accuracy（准确性）：To give the same attention and stress to the points as the author does.Coherence（连贯性）：Rather than an outline listed as key words and phrases, a summary is a paragraph with necessary transitions and function structures to make it flow.Objectivity（客观性）：Do not include your own ideas or emotions on the topic. The summary should reflect the content of the original passage only.3. Steps to write a summary（概要写作的步骤）1）Skim the text to find out the general theme.2）Analyze the text’s structure to divide it into several sections, find out the main idea of each section and write it out briefly with your own words. (one sentence) 3）Write down the key supporting points for each main idea without involving minor details.4）Organize the main and related supporting points in a logical order with necessary transitions to achieve coherence.5）Proofread for grammatical, spelling and punctuation mistakes.4. Beginning of a summary（概要写作的开头）Begin your summary with:*The author’s name*The article’s or chapter’s name*The author’s thesis statement—a general overview(survey) of the article.The Body:First of all, the author describes……He then points out that……In addition, the author talks about……Finally, the author suggests……Some other introductory phrases:*(The author) states in (this article) that…*(The author), in (this article) shows that…*In (this article), (the author) writes that…*As (the author) says in (this article),…*The main idea of (the author’s article) is…*The author believes (holds; maintains; claims; argues; points out; suggests; proposes) that + clause…*The author talks about (explains; describes; reveals; discusses; focuses on) + n.二．记叙文概要写作要点点拨记叙文体的阅读材料，相比其他文体而言，写概要相对容易。

专题11上海高考英语概要写作(一)

1）叙事性的记叙文(Narration)。
叙事性的记叙文的主要内容的概括主要抓住记叙文的几个要素：时间、地点、人物、事件和影响或后果。
2）写人的记叙文（Description）。
写人的记叙文总结要点主要抓住人物的主要特点或事迹，划出关键词（所谓关键词是文中反复出现的体现主题或关联的词）。
2、议论文（Argumentation）。
►专题11上海高考英语概要写作（一）
______________________________________________________________________________
【考情链接】
定义:
It is a brief, thorough and objective restatement of the main idea and key points of a longer composition.
如果是记叙文，主要信息应包括：人、时、事等。
【要点梳理】
1)提炼
2)语言
3)衔接（照应、替代、省略、连接和词汇衔接）
【典例剖析】
（A）各种文体的写作技巧
1、记叙文(Narration)：找出时间(when),地点(where),什么人(who),做了什么事(what),为什么做(why),结果怎么样(how)六要素。其中,最重要的要点是某人(who)做了何事(what)。若是夹叙夹议的文章,还要加上作者的看法、观点、经验或感悟。
确定体裁，明确主题
Step 2. Divide the passage & summarize the main idea of each part
Step 3. Highlight the key information of each part

万字干货搞定英语一考!上海高考英语9大题型及答题技巧

万字⼲货搞定英语⼀考！上海⾼考英语⼤题型及答题技巧⼀、考试题型和分值占⽐⼆、考试内容和要求听⼒理解语法填空选词填空完形填空阅读理解阅读选概要写作翻译写作三、学习⽅法重视词汇基础，提升阅读⽔平系统掌握语法，注重结合篇章认真对待专题，提⾼复习质量明确⾼考要求，制定复习计划英语⼀考在即，这个时候⼤家要对考试题型、各题型的答题技巧有充分的认知了。

给同学们码了整整1万字的⼲货，看到结尾，你⼀定会有收获的！⼀、考试题型和分值占⽐各题型分值的具体占⽐如下表：⼆、考试内容和要求听⼒理解题型解读：上海⾼考听⼒主要测试考⽣理解⼝头英语的能⼒，要求考⽣能听懂根据《课程标准》中“功能意念项⽬表”和“基本素材”内容范围所选取的⽤标准英⾳或美⾳朗读的听⼒材料，并利⽤所获取的信息，按要求完成相应的任务。

主要考核学⽣以下能⼒：✦能获取并理解话语中的事实信息✦能根据话语中的事实信息进⾏分析判断✦能推断话语中隐含的意思✦能归纳话语的主旨⼤意⾃2017年起⾼考听⼒理解改为由两个部分组成：Section A：10个短对话，每轮对话及对应的1道题⽬，只读1遍，共10题。

Section B：2篇短⽂理解及1个⻓对话。

短⽂理解和⻓对话读两遍，但对应的问题只读1遍共10题。

答题点津：听⼒作为⼀种接受性的语⾔技能，不同于阅读理解可以反复回读⼀句话，听⼒的特点就是听到的句⼦⽴即消失，懂了就懂了，不懂也⽆法再核对⼀遍。

建议在完成听⼒理解部分的答题时可以运⽤如下策略：1. 快速浏览抢读试题，积极进⾏预测提前阅读选项，预测问题所属，从⽽在听时集中精⼒于关健信息。

根据对话听⼒的设题特点，眼睛熟悉的词汇不⼀定⽿朵熟悉，即使⽿熟但是听⼒具有稍纵即逝的特点，故听⼒获取⾼分就必须有“春江⽔暖鸭先知”的意识，即根据四个选项提前预测录⾳中提问题⽬中的关键点。

试卷发下后，考⽣要充分利⽤听⼒试⾳时间、每⼩题的间隙时间以及答题剩余的时间抢读选项，预测内容，带着问题去听，根据选项关键词确定要重点听的内容，最后根据所听内容做出正确的选择。

上海高考英语概要写作

上海高考英语概要写作是一种测试学生英语阅读和写
作能力的题型，通常出现在高考英语试卷中。

概要写作要求学生根据所提供的文章，写出一篇内容简洁、语言准确、逻辑连贯的摘要。

概要写作的基本步骤包括：
1.阅读文章：首先，学生需要仔细阅读所提供的文章，理解文章的主旨和要点。

2.提取关键信息：学生需要从文章中提取关键信息，包括主要观点、重要细节和重要论据等。

3.组织信息：学生需要将提取的关键信息进行整理和组织，按照一定的逻辑顺序进行排列，以便更好地呈现文章的主旨和要点。

4.撰写概要：学生需要使用自己的语言简洁明了地撰写概要，同时要注意语言的准确性和连贯性。

5.检查修改：学生需要仔细检查写好的概要，修改语法错误、拼写错误、标点符号错误等，并完善概要的内容和结构。

在进行概要写作时，学生需要注意以下几点：
1.理解文章主旨和要点：学生需要仔细阅读文章，理解文章的主旨和要点，避免在摘要中出现与原文不相符的内容。

2.用自己的语言撰写概要：学生需要使用自己的语言进行写作，避免直接复制原文的内容。

3.突出重点：学生需要突出文章的重点内容，避免过于冗长和繁复的表述。

4.注意语言的准确性和连贯性：学生需要确保使用的语言准确、连贯，避免出现语法错误、拼写错误、标点符号错误等问题。

5.检查修改：学生需要仔细检查修改写好的概要，完善内容和结构，提高概要的准确性和可读性。

2020届上海高考英语概要写作专题

2020届高考英语概要写作专题2019-06汪敏概要写作专题一. 基本考情（一）高考官方大纲要求学习内容学习水平学习要求记叙文基本结构D分析语篇的基本结构和主要信息，把握记叙文的主旨大意和段落大意；就日常生活中的话题和需要，灵活运用记叙文完成口头或书面的表达主旨大意、段落大意关键词句、隐含意思C 在口头或书面交流中推断语段或语篇的隐含意义说明文说明方法 C掌握举例、分类、比较等各种说明方法；在口头或书面表达中运用恰当的说明方法进行介绍或描述议论文论点与论据C掌握语篇的论点及相关论据；推断论点或论据中关键词句的隐含意思；在口头或书面表达中提出论点，运用恰当的论据支撑论点（二）高考真题及评分标准Directions:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Learning by Rote in the Digital AgeRote learning has become seen as an outdated method of teaching. The dictionary defines learning ‘by rote’ as: ‘from memory, without thought of the meaning; in a mechanical way’.The decline of rote learning has been quickened by technology. No one needs to memorize friends’ phone numbers or email addresses because such data is conveniently stored and accessible electronically. And why remember when and where World War Two broke out when you can find the answer on the internet in about 6 seconds? But now there are voices for a need to return to rote learning.In fact, memorizing key data is essential to learning any skill. Doctoring requires knowledge of medicine and lawyering requires knowledge of cases and laws. Of course, being able to recall things will not further your understanding of those things, but without memorizing these foundation elements, you cannot progress to a deeper understanding of a subject.While the internet and computers have weakened the need for us to remember things, it may well be that mobile learning can help bring this style of learning back to life by making it more convenient and more fun.Drilling yourself-with flashcards or by repetition-is usually hard and boring work, which is why most people need their multiplication tables to be drilled into them by teachers or parents. Rote learning without a willing third party can be a battle of discipline and motivation. But mobile learning can make those flashcards and drills more appropriate to individual study; our digital devices can challenge and inform us at the same time and also keep us motivated, whether through game-like structures or recording our progress.Once you’ve acquired the essentials of a subject by rote learnin g, you will find it easier to go deeper in the application of knowledge which is important.参考答案（仅供阅卷老师参考）Rote learning means mechanical memorization. Although technology makes it less needed, its value is being rediscovered. Rote learning helps people acquire basic knowledge, laying a foundation for further understanding. In fact, technology makes mobile learning possible, which motivates learners in rote learning and makes memorization more interesting and individualized.评分标准:1. 本题总分为10分, 其中内容5分, 语言5分。

高考英语之概要写作技巧完整版

高考英语之概要写作技巧How to write a summary?1 随着2017上海英语高考新增加summary writing版块，大家也越来越多地开始关注“概要写作”，为2018高考做好准备。

今天，我们将从学习和教学的角度来谈谈“概要写作”。

Whatis a summary?通常，Summary 的定义如下：A summary is a written, shortened version of a piece of writing in which you use your wording to express the main ideas. (Lee Brandon, Kelly Brandon, 2014)解读概要写作就是用自己的语言概括原文的主旨大意和核心信息。

其中，关键词是：main ideas, shortened version, your wording，强调用“自己的语言”说出“主旨”。

其实，summary writing 中不仅仅包括主旨，也应该包含文中最主要的核心信息。

How to write a summary?英语强调学习过程，所以summary writing也不例外。

我们可以将summary writing分为两个环节：before you write a summary 以及when you write a summary. 并可以大致细化为以下步骤：●Before you write a summary1. Read the entire text and ask yourself what the author’s purpose is.2. Reread the introductory paragraph(s) and find the thesis statement.3. Reread the rest of the text. In each paragraph, highlight, underline, or circlethe main idea and key points.You can also annotate the important information.● When you write a summary1. Begin by stating the title of the text,the author’s full name(if it’s given), and his or her purpose for writing.2. Use the text you highlighted or annotated to explain theauthor’s thesis and main ideas.3. Remember to:■ keep the summary short (about one-third to one-fourth as long as the original).■include only the original text’s main ideas. Do not include details, examples, information that is not in the original, or your own opinion.■ write the summary mostly in your own words but do not change the author’s ideas. (This is called paraphrasing.)解读1、内容：除了文章的标题和作者之外，主旨和核心信息必不可少。

上海高考英语作文

上海高考英语作文引言高考是中国学生人生中重要的一环，而英语作文作为高考的一部分，对学生的英语写作能力有着重要的考察。

本文将介绍上海高考英语作文的特点和要求，以及给出一些写作技巧和范文，帮助考生顺利应对高考英语作文。

上海高考英语作文的特点和要求1.话题广泛：上海高考英语作文的话题涵盖了社会、文化、教育、科技等各个方面。

2.高度开放：考生可以自由发挥，表达自己的观点和看法。

3.要求条理清晰：作文结构要清晰，包括引言、主体和结论，逻辑严密。

4.表达准确：语法、拼写和词汇使用要准确无误。

5.文章长度：一般要求在800-1000字。

高考英语作文写作技巧1.阅读并理解题目：仔细阅读题目，确定自己要写的内容和观点。

2.列出关键词：将题目中的关键词列出，帮助组织思路。

3.建立提纲：根据题目和关键词，建立作文的提纲，包括引言、主体和结论。

4.合理组织文章结构：保持逻辑清晰，段落过渡自然。

5.使用适当的语法和词汇：注意语法结构的正确运用和适当的词汇选择，使得文章更加准确和流畅。

范文题目：城市交通拥堵问题范文：随着城市人口的不断增加和车辆的不断增多，城市交通拥堵问题变得越来越严重。

尤其是在上海这样的大城市，交通问题给居民的生活和工作带来了很多不便。

因此，我们需要采取一些措施来解决城市交通拥堵问题。

首先，政府可以加大对公共交通的投入，提高公共交通的便利性和覆盖面。

增加地铁线路和公交车数量，增加运营频率，降低票价，让更多的居民选择公共交通出行，减少私家车的使用。

其次，引入新技术对交通拥堵问题进行管理。

例如，推广智能交通灯系统，通过智能调节红绿灯时间和车流量，优化交通流量，减少交通拥堵。

此外，利用智能导航系统提供实时交通信息，帮助司机选择最佳路线，减少行车时间，也能缓解交通拥堵现象。

此外，应该鼓励广大市民使用非机动车出行，骑自行车或步行可以减少短途交通需求，缓解交通拥堵。

政府可以建设更多的自行车道和人行道，并提供相应的便利设施，如停车场等，鼓励市民使用非机动车。

2020届上海高考英语概要写作专题

2020届高考英语概要写作专题2019-06汪敏概要写作专题一. 基本考情（一）高考官方大纲要求学习内容学习水平学习要求记叙文基本结构D分析语篇的基本结构和主要信息，把握记叙文的主旨大意和段落大意；就日常生活中的话题和需要，灵活运用记叙文完成口头或书面的表达主旨大意、段落大意关键词句、隐含意思C 在口头或书面交流中推断语段或语篇的隐含意义说明文说明方法 C掌握举例、分类、比较等各种说明方法；在口头或书面表达中运用恰当的说明方法进行介绍或描述议论文论点与论据C掌握语篇的论点及相关论据；推断论点或论据中关键词句的隐含意思；在口头或书面表达中提出论点，运用恰当的论据支撑论点（二）高考真题及评分标准Directions:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Learning by Rote in the Digital AgeRote learning has become seen as an outdated method of teaching. The dictionary defines learning ‘by rote’ as: ‘from memory, without thought of the meaning; in a mechanical way’.The decline of rote learning has been quickened by technology. No one needs to memorize friends’ phone numbers or email addresses because such data is conveniently stored and accessible electronically. And why remember when and where World War Two broke out when you can find the answer on the internet in about 6 seconds? But now there are voices for a need to return to rote learning.In fact, memorizing key data is essential to learning any skill. Doctoring requires knowledge of medicine and lawyering requires knowledge of cases and laws. Of course, being able to recall things will not further your understanding of those things, but without memorizing these foundation elements, you cannot progress to a deeper understanding of a subject.While the internet and computers have weakened the need for us to remember things, it may well be that mobile learning can help bring this style of learning back to life by making it more convenient and more fun.Drilling yourself-with flashcards or by repetition-is usually hard and boring work, which is why most people need their multiplication tables to be drilled into them by teachers or parents. Rote learning without a willing third party can be a battle of discipline and motivation. But mobile learning can make those flashcards and drills more appropriate to individual study; our digital devices can challenge and inform us at the same time and also keep us motivated, whether through game-like structures or recording our progress.Once you’ve acquired the essentials of a subject by rote learnin g, you will find it easier to go deeper in the application of knowledge which is important.参考答案（仅供阅卷老师参考）Rote learning means mechanical memorization. Although technology makes it less needed, its value is being rediscovered. Rote learning helps people acquire basic knowledge, laying a foundation for further understanding. In fact, technology makes mobile learning possible, which motivates learners in rote learning and makes memorization more interesting and individualized.评分标准:1. 本题总分为10分, 其中内容5分, 语言5分。

高中写作指导-《概要写作》方式及技巧

高中英语写作指导-《概要写作》该题型提供一篇350词以内的短文,要求考生基于该短文写出一篇60词左右的内容概要。

原文以说明文、议论文为主,概要,基本就是段落大意。

每段用一句话概括,或者两段一个大意,最多用两句话概括。

阅卷时主要考虑以下内容：(1)对原文要点的理解和呈现情况(2)应用语法结构和词汇的准确性(3)上下文的连贯性(4)对各要点表达的独立性情况(一)高分要诀1.概要应包括原文中的主要事实,略去不必要的细节。

这就要求考生在写作时要找关键词和主题句,准确理解、分析原文要点,归纳段落大意。

2.各要点的表达既要相对独立,又要有适当的衔接,要用适当的关联词语贯通全文,切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子,但也不要每两句之间都加关联词语,以免显得生硬。

3.所用句型力求简单,安排好篇幅的比例,概要应同原文保持协调,即用较多的文字写重要内容,用较少的文字写次要内容。

4.不排斥用原文的某些词句,但不要照搬原文的句子,如果不能完全用自己的话语表达,至少对原文句子做一些同义词替换,如果结构上也能有一些转换会更好。

此外,在写作时,要尽量使用短句,慎用长难句。

例如,尽量少用关系代词which,who 等引导的定语从句,而采用动词-ing形式和过去分词做定语。

5.多使用概括性词语,少用具体描述性词语。

注意要点之间的衔接。

概要写作中的衔接过渡词汇:列举过渡目的过渡让步过渡承接过渡first of allfirstsecondthirdin the first place initiallyto start with furthermorein addition moreover what’s more finally with the aimoffor the sakeofwith a viewtofor thepurpose ofalthoughit is true...thateven thoughof coursecertainlyadmittedlyindeedtrueas soon asas a matter offactso to speakhoweveras it wereday after dayyear in and yearout举例理由时间总结as an illustration for instance one example for example just asin particular such as namelyto illustratea case in point take...for sinceby virtue ofsogivenas a result ofbecause (of)due toin view ofon account ofowing tothe reason whyin other wordslead tofor this reasonbeforesinceasuntilmeanwhileat the momentwhenwheneveras soon asjust asaccording toall in allto summarizein summaryin conclusionas aconsequencelastlyby and largefinallyconsequentlyto sum uphence总括过渡词表示时间表示强调比较as a ruleas far as I am concernedas for me economically speaking generally speakingin my opinion in my viewin some at timesafterafterwardsfrom then onimmediatelylatermeanwhilenextnowuntilwhilethenabove allafter allin factparticularlythat isanywaychieflyeven worsemore oftenthan thatsimilarlysimilar tothe same asaccordinglyboth...asat the same timein the samemannerin a similar wayin common总括过渡词表示时间表示强调比较respectsobviouslyon a large scale on a personal level practically speaking simplistically speakingto take the idea further mostimportant ofallneedless tosayno doubtto be surein commonequallyimportantfor onething...foranotherlikewise(二)高分三注意(三)成篇三步骤1.阅读(1)认真阅读给定的原文材料,如果一遍不能理解,就多读两遍;阅读次数越多,你对原文的理解就越深刻。

上海高考英语概要写作理论及范文

上海高考英语概要写作理论及范文-CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN上海高考英语题型训练：概要写作概要写作是在正确理解文章的基础上，在不改变原文的中心思想，体裁和结构的前提下，省去细节，用简明、精炼的语句高度浓缩地概况文章的主要内容和观点。

注意只需要用不同语言复述原文主旨，不能加入自己的观点。

I helped an old man in rags who lost his way,Main point: I helped an old man. Details: in rags, who lost his way.概要写作是阅读理解和书面表达的沟通桥梁，考查的是学生在实现自由的思维表达之前，对他人的信息在理解的基础上进行概括表达的能力。

选材上，提供一篇350词以内的短文，题材不限，一般以议论文说明文或者记叙文为主，要求考生写出一篇60词以内的内容概要。

完成一篇概要写作，需要经过下列步骤。

1，读原文，找出全文中心思想和段落主题句。

注重全文第一句，每段首尾句。

碰上细节句，比如具体数字、举例等可以跳过不读。

2，组织语言，对主题句和中心思想同义替换表达。

在转换改写中，注重语言表达的准确性、高级性，不照抄原文句子，同时注意篇幅的比例安排，用较多的文字表达重要的内容。

转换方式：（1）常用词替换：比如be able to 替代can, have the ability；a great many 替换a lot of; convincing替换persuasive等。

（2）改变词性，比如successful变成succeed in doing; happy变成happily;adapt替换adaptive, reproduction替换reproduce、reproductive等。

（3）改变句式，比如把原文两个句子变成主从复合句，把原文的从句变成非谓语动词，普通句改成it is句式等。

高三英语作文各种文体注意事项.doc

高三英语作文各种文体本卷须知导语：通过对各种文体的练习,使学生在头脑中形成不同文体写作的清晰思路。

下面是为大家的高三英语各种文体本卷须知，希望对大家有所帮助。

更多相关的知识，请关注FLA学习网!记叙文1.命题形式：提纲式，图画式。

2.人称：第一人称(写自己的经历);第三人称(写他人的经理)3.时态：过去时为主(记叙的事情发生在过去)。

说明文1.命题形式：图表式，图画式，提纲式。

2.人称：第三人称3.时态：一般现在时为主议论文1.题形式：表格式，提纲式。

2.人称：第三人称、第一人称3.时态：一般现在时为主4.通常以三段式的形式来议论，如：一些同学认为……,另一些同学认为……;你的观点…..。

某事物的优点……;某事物的缺点……;你的看法……。

应用文(一) 普通书信1.人称：第一人称2.时态：一般现在时为主3.称呼：自成一行，顶格写，Dear……,正文：与Dear后第一个词对齐，去信开头语：I’m glad to learn that….. ,/I’m writing to tell you that……,回信开头语How nice to hear from you./ Thank you for your last letter about asking……完毕语：I’m looking forward to your reply./Thanks and all the best./Wishing you a pleasant journey.Yours sincerely/truly…Sincerely yours…(二)求职信1.人称：第一人称2.时态：一般现在时3.内容应包括三局部：(1)目的：直截了当在信的开头提出(I’m quite interested in ……,/I’m glad to learn that …,/I’e read the advertisement in the newspaper that…)(2)自我介绍：(不要过谦)(3)提出期望：I’m looking forward to your reply.(三)日记1.格式：左上角：日期，星期几，右上角：天气情况：sunny/fine/rainy/windy/cloudy/snowy/2.时态:：一般过去时(发表议论或感想时可用现在时)3.人称:：第一人称(四)通知1.书面通知格式：NoticeThe Students Union2.口头通知格式Boys and girls, /Ladies and gentlemen,May I have your attention please? I have an announcement to make.That’s all. Thanks for listening.使用过渡词语1.表递进besides, what’s more, let alone, worse still, moreover, even, furthermore, to make matters worse, on one hand…,on the other hand .2.表解释、说明that is(to say), in other words, or, for, actually, in fact, in this case.3.表转折however, but, yet, although, otherwise, instead, on the contrary, while, at the same time4.表列举firstly…secondly…finally, for example/instance, such as, take…for example, as follows, and so on, like.5.表因果because, since, therefore, thus, because of, as a result, as a result of, thanks to, due to, one reason is that…, another reason is that… .6.表让步though, although, in spite of, despite, even if, even though, what/who/when/whereever, no matterwhat/who/when/where7.表顺序first…next…and then…finally; first…then…after that…finally.8.表并列and, or, also, as well as, too, neither…nor…; either…or…;not only…but also…; not…but… .9. 表时间afterwards, soon, later, the moment, hardly…when…; no sooner…than…; first, then, later, in the end; finally, at last, since then, immediately, suddenly, soon.10. 表总结in conclusion, in a word, to sum up, in short, in brief, on the whole, in general speaking, as I have shown, as has been stated11. 表见解in my opinion, personally speaking, as far as I’m concerned12. 表条件if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that… .13. 表目的for this reason, for this purpose, so that.14.表比拟in the same way, just like, just as.使用高级词汇1.20年前，唐山发生一场可怕的地震。

上海高考英语各类体裁概要写作技巧-word文档

上海高考英语概要写作技巧Rubrics for summary writing (2019-9-14)评分标准:1. 本题总分为15分, 其中内容10分, 语言5分。

（这部分还有待最终确认，可能是5+5）2. 评分时应注意的主要方面: 内容要点、信息呈现的连贯性和准确性。

3. 词数超过60，酌情扣分。

各档次给分要求:内容部分A. 能准确、全面地概括文章主旨大意，并涵盖主要信息。

B. 能准确概括文章主旨大意，但遗漏个别主要信息。

C. 能概括文章主旨大意，但遗漏部分主要信息。

D. 未能准确概括文章主旨大意，遗漏较多主要信息或留有过多细节信息。

E. 几乎不能概括文章的主旨大意，未涉及文中有意义的相关信息。

F. 完全未作答或作答与本题无关。

语言部分A. 能用自己的语言连贯、正确地表述。

B. 能用自己的语言较连贯、正确地表述，但有个别语言错误。

C. 基本能用自己的语言连贯、正确地表述，但连贯性较差，且有少量不影响表意的语言错误。

D. 基本能用自己的语言表述，但连贯性较差，且严重语言错误较多。

E. 几乎不能用自己的语言连贯、正确地表述。

F. 完全未作答或作答与本题无关。

把握文体特点记叙文：what who when where why how议论文：opinion/ idea+ argument (supporting ideas / reasons)说明文：phenomenon/ problem + reason + solution (cause and effect), introduction of an object (how it is made, how it is used, how it may change, what makes it new or significant)新闻：a focus on the first paragraph, and the first or last sentence of the other paragraphs样题解读DirtGetting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thing. However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in.A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of England in 1546. Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way. Henry IV, King of France, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman should not go out.Though the belief in the merit of dirt was long-lived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18 century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War II. Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea: clothes need to be whiter than white, cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine.Has the hate for dirt, however, gone too far?Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease. On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, an American immunologist (免疫学家), encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system. And the latter position is gaining some ground. （299W）解析：Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thing. However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in.A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of England in 1546. Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way. Henry IV, King of France, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman should not go out.Though the belief in the merit of dirt was long-lived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18 century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War II. Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea: clothes need to be whiter than white, cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt, however, gone too far?Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease. On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, an American immunologist (免疫学家), encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system. And the latter position is gaining some ground.One possible version：People have mixed opinions towards dirt on our skin. (要点 1 ) For a long time in history, people of some European countries, such as France, believed that dirt protected people from getting ill. (要点 2 ) However, people began to change their attitudes to dirt about 200 years ago. People have been told that washing dirt off our body can keep us healthy. (要点 3) However/ Nevertheless, some scientists believe that exposure to some dirt may help our immune system. (要点 4)观点表达型议论文:1. 文章第一段就是本篇文章的主题句，亮明了总的观点：However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt. 换句话说：Different people have different attitudes towards dirt. 再结合下文谈到的主题可知Different people have different attitudes towards dirt on the skin. 范文中的要点1“People have mixed opinions towards dirt on our skin.”概括非常精炼。

上海高考英语作文分文体写作方法

学科老师辅导讲义学员编号：年级：高三课时数：学员姓名：辅导科目：英语学科教师：授课主题作文写作思路教学目标不同文体作文的写作技巧授课日期及时段教学内容课前回顾：1．上节课作业批改；错题讲解2．上节课知识点回顾3．高频词汇默写知识梳理知识点1：作文1、思维导图形式呈现整体框架2、重难点高级词汇及短语的恰当应用：表达内容的清晰与条例性；句型的丰富性与多样性；3、不同体裁考点解读（注意相关模板句子、连接词和高级句型、词汇）Exercise One 议论类现在高中学生申请出国的现象非常普遍。

人们对此看法不一。

请谈谈你对此事的看法。

参考范文：Nowadays, it is very common for high school students to apply to foreign universities for admission. The phenomenon has aroused heated discussion among students and opinions on it vary from individual to individual. Some people are in favor of the practice, saying it helps broaden their horizons, while others are strongly opposed to it. They argue that it is purely a waste of money. As for me, there are both merits and demerits lying in the debatable problem.On one hand, the expense of learning abroad is beyond what an average family can afford. Many parents will probably be overburdened cover all the expense. Worse still, many students cannot discipline themselves without their parents around. Chances are that faced with temptations, they may pick up some bad habits and return eventually fruitless.On the other hand, we cannot deny the fact that learning abroad helps to cultivate children’s spirit of independence and enables them to be more sociable. In addition, being exposed to a totally difference, environment will definitely enrich their experience, which has a far-reaching effect on their future development.As a saying goes, each coin has two sides. Therefore, there is no need to be lost in the argument. What we should bear in mind is that wherever we learn, we should make full use of all the resources available and become a responsible learner.Exercise Two 图片类下面的一幅漫画描写了当前社会的教育状况，请结合自己的感受谈谈你对这种状况的看法。