雅思小作文写作教学提纲

雅思小作文写作

Writing Notes

Date: July, 9th, 2017

Task I

1.Three Types

i.Data: Bar Chart, Line Graph, Table, Pie Chart

◆图表类型：动态图、静态图

◆动态图：有两个或以上时间

◆重点

●趋势

●特殊值：起点、重点、最高点、最低点、交叉点

◆静态图：只有一个或者没有时间

●比较描述对象：使用倍数、比较级

ii.Process: Flow Chart

iii.Map

◆Describe the change

◆Eg: Hospital is located to the west of car park

2.评分标准

i.Task Achievement/ Task Response

◆Cover the Requirements of the task

◆No off topics

◆不能添加主观想法，只能描述

ii.Coherence and Cohesive

◆使用路标性词汇：顺承和转折

iii.Lexical Resource

◆使用非高频词汇

◆Use words and phrases naturally and appropriately

◆Vocabulary diversity

◆Accurate spelling words

iv.Grammatical Range and Accuracy

◆Accurate grammar of sentences

◆Use different ranges of sentences, structures to achiever grammatical

3.写作方法

i.开头段

◆图表词改写

●The chart : bar chart, line chart, pie chart, table, diagram

◆动词shows改写

●注意时态

●Shows: illustrates, gives information about, compares, indicates, demonstrates

◆关键词（一定要改写）

●数量改写

⏹The number of + 可数

⏹The amount of + 不可数

⏹The quantity of + 可/不可数

⏹The figure for +可/不可数

●百分比改写

⏹The percentage of : the proportion of

●句式变化

⏹Compares + 不同事物 + in terms of + 相同事物

●名词变化

⏹Expending : expenditure

◆地点（可以不改写）

◆时间可以改写

●From 1980 to 2000: between 1980 and 2000, during the period from 1980 to

2000, over the period of 20 years, over a 20-year period

◆EG: The bar charts compares three types of telephone calls in terms of the

amount of time spent in the UK between 1995 and 2002.

ii.主段写法

◆第一段: 起点数值对比 + 部分趋势

◆第二段：剩下趋势 + 终点值对比

◆数字三种表述方法

●数值放在句首

⏹EG: 60 million tonnes of goods were transported by road in the UK.

●数值放在句末

⏹Stand at = be; stood at = was = totalled

⏹EG: The amount of goods transported by road in the UK was 60

million tonnes.

●There Be 句型

⏹EG: There were 60 billion tonnes of goods transported by road in the

UK.

◆比较句的写法 Comparisons

●“ compared to”, “ compared with”, “ in comparison with” + 短语

⏹EG: 6% of single aged person lived in poverty, compared to only 4% of

aged couple

●“while”, “ whereas” + 句子

⏹EG：6% of single aged person lived in poverty, while the proportion of

aged couple living in poverty was 4%.

◆3个数值的对比写法

●第一个数值 the percentage at the start

●第二个数值 add a comparison

●第三个数值 the figure for

●EG: 1999, 35% of British people went abroad for their holidays, compared

to 28% of Australians spent their holidays in a different country. The

figure for the USA stood at 31%.

●若有3个以上的数值，可以用the figure for 数值C and 数值D were X and X

respectively.

◆趋势的写法

●时间过渡短语

⏹Over the following ____ years

●动态图词汇