短语替换词表
390条短语词汇表
短语390条according to依据；按照across from 在对面action movie 动作影片a couple of 两个；一对；几个after all 毕竟；终归ahead of 在前面a little 一点，少量a little bit 有点；稍微along with连同；除.... 以外还all in all总的说来all year round 全年all of a sudden 突然；猛地all the time 频繁；反复all kinds of各种类型的；各种各样的amusement park n.游乐场an other time其他时间；别的时间a pair of 一双around the world 世界各地as for 至于；关于at birth 出生时at first 首先；最初at least至少；不少于；起码at the begi nning of 在.................... 开始at the same time 同时；一起at the top of在................ 顶部或顶端a set of 一套；一畐U; —组as far as I know 就我所知as long as只要；既然as soon as 一................ 就.... ；尽快ask... for...请求；恳求(给予) be able to能够做某事be born with 天生具有because of 因为be different from 与…...不同；与... 有差异be friends with sb.成为某人的朋友be good at 擅长于be good with •善于应付.... 的；对 ... 有办法be hard on sb.对某人苛刻；对某人要求严厉be harmful to 对..... 有害be in con trol of 掌管；管理be in (great) danger处于(极大的)危险中be interested in 对 ..... 感兴趣be known for 以..... 闻名；为人知晓believe in信任；信赖(be) made of 由制成(be) of medium build 中等身材(be) of medium height 中等身高(be) on time 准时be proud of 为...... 骄傲；感到自豪be ready to 准备好(做某事)；愿意(做某事) be responsible for 对... 有责任；负责任be similar to与……相像的、类似的be strict (with sb.)(对某人)要求严格be sure about确信；对...................... 有把握be tha nkful to sb. 对某人心存感激be thirsty for 渴望；渴求be up to是.... 的职责；由.... 决定be used to习惯于 .. ；适应于...betwee n … and 在...... 禾口 . 之间big deal 重要的事blow out 吹灭board game 棋类游戏boarding school 寄宿学校bread maker 面包机bring back恢复；使想起；归还bring good luck to 给带来好运bring out使显现；使表现出by accident偶然；意外地by bike 骑自行车by mistake错误地；无意中by the end of 在（某时间点）以前by the time 在.................. 以前call （sb.）back （给某人）回电话call in召来；叫来call up打电话给（某人）；征召Can I help you?我能帮您吗？care about关心；在意care for照顾;非常喜欢check out 察看；观察cheer up （使）变得更高兴；振奋起来clean…off把..... 擦掉clean up打扫（或清除）干净clear out 清理；丢掉close to 几乎；接近come on快点儿come true 实现；成为现实come up with 想出；提出（主意、计划、回答等）compare…with比较；对比computer programmer计算机程序设计员; 编程人员connect …with把......和......连接或联系起来costume party化妆舞会country music （也作country）乡村音乐cut dow n 砍倒cut off 切除cut up切碎cut out删除；删去deal with应对；处理depe nd on 依靠；信赖die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐消失dining hall 餐厅divide ... into 扌巴分开do a good job 干得好do （one ' s） homework作业do the dishes 清洗餐具Dragon Boat Festival 端午节dress up装扮；乔装打扮drink tea 喝茶drive sb. crazy/mad 使人发疯/发狂drop by顺便访问；随便进入eat out 出去吃饭either …or… 要么........ 要么...... ;或者... 或者....end up 最终成为；最后处于enjoy reading喜欢阅读even though 即使；虽然ever since 自从every day 每天excuse me劳驾；请原谅fairy tale童话故事fall asleep 进入梦乡；睡着fall in love 爱上；喜欢上fall over 绊倒feed chickens 喂鸡feel free （可以）随便（做某事）feel like给..... 的感觉；感受到find out查明；弄清fire station 消防站first name 名字first of all 首先fly a kite 放风筝follow the rules 遵守规则for example 例女口for sure 无疑；肯定from time to time 时常；有时get a surprise 吃惊get dressed 穿上衣服get in the way of挡... 的路；妨碍get into 陷入；参与get lost 迷路get mad大动肝火；气愤get married 结婚get off 下车get on with和睦相处；关系良好get out of 离开；从 ..... 出来get popular 受欢迎；流行get up 起床；站起get used to 习惯于give ... a lift 捎.... 一程give away 赠送；捐赠give out分发；散发give up 放弃go along （the street）沿着（这条街）走go by （时间）逝去；过去go off （闹钟）发出响声go out夕卜出（娱乐）go out of one ' s WO地 ;格外努力go to the/a doctor 去看医生go to the movies 看电影grow up长大；成熟；成长hand out 分发hang out闲逛；常去某处Happy birthday!生日快乐！hardly ever几乎从不have a cold 感冒have a fever 发烧Have a good time!（表示祝愿）过得愉快！Have a good day!（表示祝愿）过得愉快！have a look 看一看have a point 有道理have a stomachache 胃痛have …in comm on有相同特征；（想法、兴趣等方面）相同have to do with 关于; 与..... 有关系hear from 接到（某人的）信、电话等help out （帮助.............. ）分担工作、解决难题help （sb.） with sth.在某方面帮助（某人）Here you are. 给你。
英语作文中常用高分短语词组词语搭配
英语写作中100个使用频率较高的词语搭配1．随着经济的快速发展with the rapid development of economy2．人民生活水平的显著提高/ 稳步增长the remarkable improvement/ steady growth of people’s living standard3．先进的科学技术advanced science and technology16．双方的论点argument on both sides17．发挥着日益重要的作用play an increasingly important role in…18．对…必不可少be indispensable to …19．正如谚语所说As the proverb goes:20．…也不例外…be no exception21．对…产生有利/不利的影响exert positive/ negative effects on…22．利远远大于弊the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages. 23．导致，引起lead to/ give rise to/ contribute to/ result in24．复杂的社会现象a complicated social phenomenon25．责任感/ 成就感sense of responsibility/ sense of achievement39．致力于/ 投身于be committed / devoted to…40. 应当承认Admittedly,41．不可推卸的义务unshakable duty42. 满足需求satisfy/ meet the needs of…43．可靠的信息源a reliable source of information44．宝贵的自然资源valuable natural resources45．因特网the Internet （一定要由冠词，字母I 大写）46．方便快捷convenient and efficient47．在人类生活的方方面面in all aspects of human life48．环保（的）environmental protection / environmentally friendly61．扬长避短Exploit to the full one’s favorable conditions and avoid unfavorable ones 62．取其精髓，取其糟粕Take the essence and discard the dregs.63．对…有害do harm to / be harmful to/ be detrimental to64．交流思想/ 情感/ 信息exchange ideas/ emotions/ information65．跟上…的最新发展keep pace with / catch up with/ keep abreast withthe latest development of …66．采取有效措施来…take effective measures to do sth. 67．…的健康发展the healthy development of …68．有利有弊Every coin has its two sides.No garden without weeds.80．与…比较compared with…/ in comparison with81. 相反in contrast / on the contrary.82．代替replace/ substitute / take the place of83．经不起推敲cannot bear closer analysis / cannot hold water 84．提供就业机会offer job opportunities85. 社会进步的反映mirror of social progress86．毫无疑问Undoubtedly, / There is no doubt that…87．增进相互了解enhance/ promote mutual understanding 88．充分利用make full use of / take advantage of89．承受更大的工作压力suffer from heavier work pressure动词替换集锦做：do=exercise, practice, perform(做法：behavior=exercise, practice, performance)对…有益处：be good for.=do good to=be beneficial to=be advantageous to=be conducive to 对…有害处：be harmful/bad for=be detrimental to=be disadvantageous toembrace a view that(观点：viewpoint，standpoint，perspective ) 反对：be against=reject, object, oppose=be opposed to=become hostile to支持：support=take sides with=advocate=lend support to=sing high praise of导致：lead to=trigger中性含义：face=be faced with=be possessed of面临，面对：be faced with=be encountered with=be poised on the brink of 破坏：destroy, damage=A decompose, destruct=B endanger, threaten=C impair, decimate, deteriorate=D exercise/practice/perform damage/danger…upon 阻碍：limit=A restrict, restrain, constrict, constrain=B obstacle, barricadeCope with减轻：reduce=A lessen, lighten, lower=B mitigate, alleviate=C decrease, degrade形容词替换集锦难的：difficult=troublesome=burdensome=thorny不可或缺的：necessary=indispensable=inevitable=irreplaceable=unavoidable重要的：important=crucial, critical, essential, vital=be importance=be of cruciality=be of criticality= be of essentiality=be of vitality 巨大的：large=enormous, tremendous, considerable, appreciable=B 更+形容词growingly/increasingly/climbingly=C 更+动词to a larger extent名词替换集锦日常生活：daily lives=day-to-day lives=everyday lives因素：cause, reason=factor, determinant联系：relationship(relate A to B)=connection(connect A to B )=association(associate A to B)优点：advantage=benefit=superiority=meritWRITTEN BY Tian Jixin①【常见开篇句】1) With the rapid improvement in.../growing awareness of..., more and more.../sth....(e.g. With the considerable improvement in building industry, more and more structures are being erected to set the people's minds at ease.)2) Recently, sth./the problem of...has been brought to popular attention/ has become the focus of public concern.(e.g. Recently, the problem of unemployment has been brought to such popular attention that governments at all levels place it on the agenda as the first matter.)3) One of the universal issues we are faced with/that cause increasing concern is that...9) The table/graph shows that there is a(n) declining/increasing trend of ...from...(年份) to...(年份)10) Anyone who takes a closer look at the data in the table/graph can be surprised to find that...11) It is a traditional practice to...in our society.(e.g. It is a traditional practice for young people to be financially dependent on their parents for anything like marriage and housing.)12) It has long been considered only right and proper to...(in China.)(e.g. It has long been considered only right and proper/perfectly justified for the old to assume full responsibility for the growth of the young.)(e.g. In the eyes of the public, official corruption means taking bribes,. ..But such corruption comes in many different forms.)17) No one would deny that... 或Everyone would agree that...(e.g. 见例2)18) When it comes to...(sth.), most people (the public) maintain(s)/contend(s) that...(e.g. When it comes to fake commodities, every consumer has much anger to pour uponthem.)19) Now it is widely believed that...(e.g. Now it is widely believed that examinations are the best possible measure for the selection of the qualified.)20) A public debate has arisen as to/over/concerning...24) Things about...are going on to our advantage, but a long cool look at ...reveals that...(e.g. Things about the reform in state enterprises are not going on to the most workers' advantage....But a long cool look at this move reveals that it will produce some substantial benefits to our nation in a long run.)25) No/Little doubt that...But...(e.g.［There is］Little doubt that the traditional schooling has contributed much to our social development.... But some grave defects in it begin to stand out against the modern times.)26) What does sth. mean?27) How/Why does sth. affect our life?28) What is it like to do...?(e.g. An individual human existence is to the human society what a river is to the ocean, small and busy rushing past rocks at first, but gradually growing wider and quieter until it becomes merged in the ocean in the end.)34) To/For/With most people/sb., sth. is/means...(e.g. To dishonest people, a friend means a target or an object that is of some use to them atpresent or in the future.)35) Sth. is the symbol/mark/equivalent of.../is symbolic of.../is equivalent to...(e.g. If selling one's sex is the mark of degeneration, selling one's power is equivalent to committing crime.)36) Suppose/Imagine that.../Let's suppose/assume/imagine (that)...40) In our life, there often appears such an occasion when.../on which... (或it often happens that..)(e.g. In our daily life, there appears such an occasion when we drink success to our work in one field but, at the same time, begin to do great damage to other fields.)41)“...”That is how one of the great minds/scientists/writers remarked on...(e.g. “Happiness, like an old friend, is inclined to drop in unexpectedly—when you're working hard on something else.”That is how a famous writer once remarked on happiness.)42) One of the great sociologists/psychologists has said:” ... “(e.g. The great classical ballerina Anna Pavlova has said: “No one can arrive from being talented alone. God gives talent; work transforms talent into genius.”In other words...)“Isuspect's spittle in the street blotted it up and ran a DNA test on it which led to the man's arrest for a murder. This case best counts as a practical application of the DNA technique.)47) One day, I happened to witness the incident as follows...(e.g. 略)48) The scientific studies/statistics show/indicate that...(e.g. The latest scientific studies show that, if one's mind catches hold of something and doesnot let it go, it is useless to argue with the mind in this condition. This finding further confirms that a modern man is apt to get anxious and depressed.)49) Every weekend sees sb. go about...(e.g. Every weekend sees Ms Song, my roommate, wolf down her dinner and hurry out with her boy friend.)3) In (the) event (face/case/course/time/view) of... some people usually...(e.g. In the course of human struggle for survival, quite a few people always direct their eyes to its dark side.)4) As is stated (shown/suggested/listed/illustrated) in./According to a recent (the latest) report (survey/questionnaire/study/scientific research), the issue in question really...(there are quite alot of people who...)(e.g. As is shown in a recent questionnaire, there are a large number of people who express greater dissatisfaction than satisfaction at the general mood of society.)5) In our daily life (activities/social contact)/In reality/Actually, man y people respond/react to the issue in question by...11) Awareness of the matter in question is one thing/only the beginning(或the first step), but more important to us is the step/the question of how to (cope with/do with it)…(e.g. Awareness of the harmfulness of superstition is only the first step, but more important to our nation is the step of how to clear it out of our society.)12) There is no easy (perfect/universal/two-bird-one-stone/happiest) method(short-cut/solution/remedy/way) at hand, but...can put us on the right way (in the correct direction) to our final goal/destination (...are/is worth trying out in our work.)(e.g. There is no easy short-cut to removal of superstition, but the followingmeasures/suggestions can put our determination in the right direction.)13) There is no better/sounder time to take steps/measures/action than right now, for norather live a simple life than go along with any others in their evil deeds.)17) To...I might as well cite my own experience.(e.g. To draw out of others more valuable opinions upon the problem, I might as well cite my own experience.)18) If I were thrown/put/involved in (to) the context/background/situation/the state of makingmy choice, I would...(e.g. If I were thrown into the freedom to make my choice among the styles of surviving, I would live like this:)19) Faced with/Hit with...I resolve/propose to...(e.g. Faced with the challenge from the future life, I resolve firmly to perfect myself in the25) The influence/effect/consequence of...has not been confined/limited to...(It also...)(e.g. The influence of our outlook on life has not been confined to any particular aspect of social life. Instead, it has left its mark on every facet of our society.)26) From the analyses of causes for...it is not hard for one to arrive at/cometo/reach/draw/assert/deduce/confirm the conclusion that...(或...to distinguish/see the directionin which...)(e.g. From the analyses of causes for divorces, it is not hard for us to draw the conclusion that the divorce rates will go up steadily under the current circumstances.)27) If one continues to cast an indifferent eye on/to turn a deaf ear to/ to be blind to/to overlook the problem, things are sure to go from bad to worse. 或If one is in real earnest in giving all his)31) Of the two things in question, I prefer/favor/give more weight to/endorse the first (second)/the former (latter). (e.g. 略)32) If it is up to me to make a choice (between both), I would rather choose...over...(e.g. If it were up to me to make a choice between both in the event of betrayal of one's country, I would rather choose death over life.)33) Since neither of the two things can be perfect in.../work effectively / come up to...(the required standard), the best/only/ideal course open to sb. is to...(e.g. Since neither of the two measures can be perfect in the solution to the problem of cheating in exams, the best course open to us is to combine the two measures with other possible solutions.)(e.g. When...in terms of actual results, don't you agree that the latter is a better way of learning?)38) Therefore/In conclusion/To sum up, it is because of the unique/substantial/manifold advantages/superiority offered/held by...that...(e.g. In brief, it is because of the substantial advantages held by the perfection of supervisionthat the public places high hopes on it.)39) As things stand, in fact/substance, nothing can be compared with B in ...although...(e.g. it is not without defects.)(e.g. As things stand, in fact, nothing can be compared with the crackdown o f corrupt officials in arousing the enthusiasm of the masses, although it is not without defects.)(e.g. It is high time that we made our minds open to new, different ideas about it and that we started to take some practical measures so as not to leave it to continue its course until it runs wide.)45) Then/On the basis of the above refutation, how/what...(next)?(e.g. ...how to lift ourselves out of the passive situation?...how to repair the damage man hasdone to the environment?...what can be done about the present trend of blind faith in things foreign.)46) So, I feel strongly that...(e.g. So, I feel strongly that the recent trend of superstition reflects a credibility crisis hanging over the country.)(e.g. I am of the view that China's future is bright but the road to success is not smooth.)52) To my mind/From my point of view/In my opinion, whether...or...depend s on how...(e.g. To my mind, whether money may bring us happiness or evils depends on how we get it and how we use it.)53) Anyway/Anyhow/In any case, whether...or...is a difficult question to answer (remains to beturned over), one thing is certain that...(e.g. In any case, whether cloning is a blessing or a curse remains to be turned over; but one thing is certain that it will make a great difference to our outlook on life.)54) In my eye(s), the wide divergence of opinions as to...does not mean that...(we are at a loss to know how to conduct ourselves). The truth of the matte r (The basic question) is...favorably inclined towards the second (first) one.59) To be frank/To tell the truth, I should second the former (latter) attitude/position in preference to the latter (former).60) Despite the extreme to which the former (latter) viewpoint goes, the fact of the matter, in my opinion, is that...(e.g. ...the fact of the matter, in my opinion, is that more and more people are doing their bit in brightening China's future.)61) For the foregoing reasons, I (have/will) never...(e.g. For the foregoing reasons, I have never wavered in my pursuit of this purpose.)62) Although...nothing has...can...(或I have/will all along...)A(e.g. ...is what steps I should take towards the realization of my aim.)67) To..., however, is/requires/demands...(e.g. To be a successful learner, however, demands a great deal of work.)68) But in reality, the expression of one' reasons in one thing while the accomplishment of his purpose is another thing, which usually needs/is/requires...(So,...)(e.g. ..., which usually needs a greater effort of will.)69) To me, however, the greatest challenge is not the matter/question of...but (thematter/question) of...(e.g. To me, however, the greatest concern/challenge is not the matter of the grounds for my aspiration, but of capacities to be increased for making it a reality.)(e.g. ...from the modern military history of China.)75) Perhaps it will suffice to mention another example/case/story of..., which unfolds as follows:...(e.g. ...of an unbridgeable gap between ideal and reality, which unfolds as follows: A woman was speaking to her friend about her two beaus. “If I could combine their qualities, I'd be thehappiest person in the world. Ronald is rich, handsome and witty but unwilling to propose marriage to me. Tony, compared with t he first, is outshone but he is eager to marry me.”)76) It is only by/through...that...(e.g. It is only by adapting oneself to a new environment that he is more likely than others to survive in it.)nothing comes close to...(e.g. 略)82) To make the better (clearer/easier) best (clearest/easiest), a further/deeper/wiserstep/way/study/method/measure/plan is/should be...(e.g. To make the clearer clearest, a further study should be taken up of how the phenomenon “La Ni a”came into being.)83) If you are.../want to..., it is vital/ideal/important/essential that...(e.g. If you are more at home in associating one thing with others, it is vital that you take full advantage of the divergent thinking.)84) The most important/essential/substantial/critical thing/matter worth pointing out, however, is...(e.g. ...in the mode of reproduction/living.)89) The effect of comparison/contrast between both is heightened most by the difference in...(e.g. ...in size/intelligence/principles/values/outlook on life/abilities to adapt to new environments.)90) Still under/in similar/the same circumstances/conditions/situations, however, the twothings can turn out quite/most differently(或A turns out to be radically/utterly/totally different from B). (e.g. 略)91) But in the other culture/atmosphere/society/scope/field, by contrast, thething(s)/person(s)/subject(s) grow(s)/develop(s)/turn(s) out/act(s) in the opposite/contrary directions.(或a(n) completely/entirely/qualitatively/vastly/strikingly different result comestwo things/from he same thing is...(e.g. Against the same background, however, what stands out between the two peoples is the angles/perspectives from which they see things.)95) Between the two things/subjects/people under comparison, nothing can bring out/present as great/sharp/poignant contrast as...(e.g. ...as poignant contrast as the occasion when both run into danger.)96) As far as...is/are concerned, sth. in question means/signifies/symbolizes...(e.g. As far as a person of bad taste is concerned, life means seeking for physical incentives, of which money is usually counted as No. One.)97) If adopted/used to define/measure/weigh/judge..., sth. in question is often1)Some (people) argue/claim/believe/hold that... But others set (put) forth a different argument about/appositive views on the matter in question.(e.g. Some claim that setting off firecrackers is a good practice of celebrating the Spring Festival. ...But others put forth opposite views on the problem. )2) Some (people) advocate/endorse/favor/are for (或oppose/object to/are against)... Yetothers stick to/hold on to/cling to the opposite views/argument/points.(e.g. Some advocate changes intended to modernize the building code. ...Yet others hold on to the opposite views.)3) To some people's mind/From some people's point of view/In the eye(s) o f some people, the matter in question is/seems/should be/means...But to others' mind/from others' point of④【常见让步法段首句和过渡句】1) It is true/There is no need to deny that...But it does not mean...(e.g. There is no need to deny that recreational services have added variety to our social life. ...But it does not mean leaving them to take their own courses.)2) Although it is widely believed that..., it can not stand close/coldscrutiny/analysis/examination.3) Admittedly/True/Obviously/Indeed, the issue in question... But one basic/vital fact is being left out of our analysis/consideration, namely/that is…(e.g. Admittedly, the official figures and statistics show that much improvement has been made in people's living standards. ... But one vital fact is being left out of our analysis, namely a1) To prevent this phenomenon/trend from worsening/running wide/To guide thematter/situation to the best advantage, it is necessary/important to...(可用于分析建议类、原因分析类等议论文)2) In the face of...some people take the position that.../some people come to believe that..., to which I can't attach/add my consent.(可用于批驳分析类议论文)或In the face of...people retain/take/show/assume different attitudes/position s/standpoints.(可用于各抒己见类议论文)或In the face of...many people have come up with...(可用于对比分析类议论文和知识性说明文等)3) But many people feel puzzled about/perplexed at/over whelmed with...(the)比说明文)9) More insight/inspiration/truth/thought can be deduced from these changes.(可用于知识性说明文)10) This situation/phenomenon/trend/tendency is ratherdistressing/disturbing/depressing/heart-rending, for the opposite of it is just in line with ourwishes/just what is to be expected.(可用于分析建议、批驳分析和原因分析等议论文)12) This is what we are unwilling to see, so some way must be found out to...(可用于分析建议、对比分析、批驳分析类议论文和知识性说明文)13) Fortunately, however, more and more people come/begin to realize that ...(可用于分析建议、对比分析和各抒己见类议论文)批驳分析等议论文和对比说明文及知识性说明文)19) If you push the analysis/study/argument/comparison/exposure further, you will see that...(用于分析建议、对比分析、批驳分析、各抒己见类议论文和对比说明文及知识性说明文)20) The same is true of many cases in life.(用于举例说明文)21) Now, let's see what would happen to...in this case/light(或in differentconditions/circumstances).(用于分析建议类议论文和对比说明文)22) Perhaps, it is ideal/high/ripe time for us to tackle/handle/answer/take up the question in no half-hearted manner.(用于分析建议、原因分析类议论文和知识性说明文)23) To be frank, I have turned the question over and over in my mind, but found no reason to sidestep it; so here are my ways to.../my reasons for...(用于理由陈述类议论文和知识性说明文)30) In that case, however, I prefer to...rather than...(用于理由陈述、比较分析、批驳分析类议论文和知识性说明文)31) (Un)Fortunately, there are still some people who act in the other way around.(用于分析建议和原因分析类议论文)32) Once/If hit/cursed/overwhelmed with such troubles/straits/matters, you'd better/I would(not) do something about them to find your/my way out.(用于知识性说明文)33) I was once caught/stuck in the same situation/context, but I managed to lift myself out of it.(用于知识性说明文)34) When exposed to/subject to the same conditions/challenge/choice, however, different people tend to behave in different ways.(用于各抒己见类议论文)对比性说明文)41) His/Her story is not unusual/rare, it is typical of thousands of people who are followinghis/her lead, so some people have abundant reason to ask how this came into being/how this will affect our future life/what measures should be taken to cope with it. (用于分析建议、原因分析、对比分析、批驳分析类议论文和知识性说明文)42) The results of this survey/questionnaire have aroused/drawn nationwide / publicattention/concern, which is why some great efforts are being made by our government/society. (用于分析各抒己见类议论文和举例、知识性说明文)43) Such a dilemma/problem/condition we often run into in our life, but the basic question is how to cope with it/but all we need to do is how to approach it. (用于分析建议、原因分析、对(用48) When adopted to define different things/people, sth. comes in a variety offlavors/tastes/meanings/values/senses. A(e.g. When/If adopted to describe the people with different intentions, life often comes in various senses.)49) Sth. may be/bear/convey many meanings/values/hints to many/different people/things, but,in all senses/the broadest sense/a real sense, it is/means...A(e.g. Happiness may convey many hints to many families, but, in every sense, it means making more contribution than demand in a family.)50) On the whole/As a whole/All in all/In substance (essence), however, thediverse/different/various meanings/interpretations/concepts/definitions of sth. originate2) Sth., if made the best/the worst of, will bring some distinct advantages/disadvantages to our social development/one's growth.(e.g. Stock markets, if made the best of, will bring some advantages to our social construction.)3) Sth. is expected to do a lot of benefit/threat/harm to sb./sth. else.(e.g. Cloning, as a new-born thing, is expected to do a lot of benefit to the human progress.)4) (Doing) sth. will enrich/endanger/influence one's life in more than one aspect.(e.g. Having one's head in the clouds sometimes can enrich a good teacher's teaching in more than one aspect.)5) Some good/bad/unexpected effects come of what we have done/sth. done in...9) Why has/did/is...? (For one thing/...For another...Perhaps the mostfundamental/adequate/competent reason is...)(e.g. Why is there a growing drift toward power-seeking in society?)10) It is no easy/simple task/job to furnish/identify/find every reason / cause for sth., but/while, on the whole, three/some factors shout louder/weigh heavier than others/stand out fromothers.(e.g. It is no easy job to find every reason for the increase in the number of teenagers who run away from their homes, but, on the whole, two factors shout louder than others.)11) In view of this situation/drift/boom/social disorder/drastic change, people putforward/advance/suggest/propose two countermoves/countermeasures:...a permanent ban against unhealthy recreations and a long -term moral education.)15) When it comes to the comparison between A and B, each has its own advantages and disadvantages.(e.g. When it comes to the comparison between travelling by car and travelling by train, each has advantages and disadvantages of its own.)16) Ideas/Views on the issue in question vary from person to person/vary widely. A(e.g. Ideas on the way of reading vary from person to person.17) As to whether it is a blessing or a curse, however, people take differentviews/positions/attitudes/stands(或people's attitudes are quite opposite to each other.).A (e.g. As to whether birth of various associations on campus is a blessing or a curse, however,seeking/choosing to do sth.)(e.g. There are several reasons for my fondness for the sports.)22) Among the factors that contribute to my achievement/choice/struggle/..., three/a few shout louder/weigh more heavily/stand out.(e.g. Among the factors that contribute to my success in studies, three shout louder.)23) The reasons/factors/causes for my love (of...)/interest (in...)/determination (to do sth.)/objection (to sth.)/...are varied and individual.(e.g. The reasons for my pursuit of the career are varied but individual.)24) A variety of/Quite a few factors have led me to do sth.(e.g. Quite a few factors have led me to form the habit of collecting stamps .)30) This truth/principle/motto/popular saying/way of coping with sth. is/ h olds true for/goes for/can be applied to many/various matters/cases in our actual life.(e.g. The above theory can be applied to a variety of cases in our daily life.)31) There are some/several/a few steps (measures/ways/methods/tricks/less o ns) you/a would-be beginner can follow (take/try/use/learn) to achieve your (his /her) goal/to realizeyour/his dreams/to the best advantage.(e.g. There are some clever tricks a would-be relaxer can learn to keep himself free of worry or stress.)32) When/If sth. in question/you...it is better/advisable/necessary/essential (for you) to follow the instructions/courses/steps/schemes/ways as given/described below.in...(some aspects)(e.g. 略)37) J ust as one can distinguish only by comparing(或Just as there can be no differentiation without contrast), it is necessary/better/worthwhile to see/find out what will come of the contrast/comparison between A and B.(e.g. ...it is worthwhile to find out what comes of the contrast between the Western cultureand the Eastern culture.)38) In/Under/On different/similar situations/conditions/circumstances, how ever, the meanings/connotations/inspirations/lessons/doctrines/experiences/value s/implications/hints derived from (gained in) the same (different) thing(s) are similar/contrary/opposite to one another(或different from one other).second thought is to...(e.g. In view of the above-mentioned negative factors in raising the output, our second thought is to improve the quality of products.)2)To counter/offset/counteract/cancel undesirable/side/ill effects/influence/results of A, B is put forward/proposed/advanced as another better course/ solution to...。
雅思图表题必背短语及词汇
图表题必背短语及词汇开头段改写原题,替换1.Show/ compare/ illustrate2.Proportion/ percentage3.Categories/kinds/types4.The UK/Britain/the United Kingdomrmation/data注意data不能加s6.Males/men females/women7.From年代to年代/between年代and年代/over a period of …years8.Subway system/underground railway system/underground train system9.Store/shop10.The number of+可数名词复数形式/the figure for+可数名词复数形式11.The amount of something+不可数名词/ the figure for+不可数名词主体段上升： go up / increase/rise/grow/show an upward trend/show a downward trend下降： decline/fall/drop/decrease/fall back to 回落到……/fell steadily平稳的下降从...上升或者下降...的介词搭配from…to…/by表幅度波动：fluctuate没有被动形式常见搭配：fluctuate between…and…表示稳定某一水平的短语：remain stable at/level off at后面都要跟具体的数字或百分比经历了某种变化的及物动词：see/experience/witness只要图里存在着时间上的跨度就一定能够用的上例如：see an opposite trend呈现出相反的趋势/experience a sharp rise from到达最高点：peak at/reach its peak at介绍趋势时表示达到...或者位于...的动词：reach达到/stand at位于表示占多少份额的动词：account for/make up/represent/constitute表示对将来预测的动词：expect/predict/project这三个词经常以被动形式出现.而且,尽管是描述未来的数字,be动词仍然用一般现在时be expected to表示变成原来数值的两倍或者三倍的词：double/increase twofold/triple三倍全都是及物动词,但要注意的这几个词都是表达同一个事物在不同时间的倍数关系表示是另一个事物的两倍或者三倍的表达：be twice as high/long/fast/popular asBe three times as……as表示始终高于或者始终低于的句型：be consistently higher/lower than表示原有差距变小或者变大的句型：the gapbetween …and…narrowsnarrowed/widenswidened表示原来少于但后来超过的及物动词：exceed后边跟阿拉伯数字或者百分数Overtake 过去式overtook,后面跟比较对象表示急剧的形容词sharply/rapidly/dramatically表示持续的形容词gradually/consistently/steadysteadily表示显着的.大幅度的形容词：significantly/noticeable去e加ly/considerable去e加ly表示很小幅度的词：slightly表示大约的副词或短语：about/around/approximately/just over/under表示分别得副词：respectively各自的,分别得主体段第一句开头由图可见的写法：it’s clear from the table/graph that等We can see from the….It can be seen from ….The table shows that…流程图词汇At the first stage of the process,…/ first, ../first of all /the process begins with the+名词或者名词短语,不能写主卫结构After this/after that/next/at the following stage of the processThenFinally/eventually。
高中英语写作50组高级替换词+40个高级句型+88个高级词组
高中英语写作50组高级替换词+40个高级句型+88个高级词组150组高级替换词★形容词：1. 贫穷的：poor = needy = impoverished = poverty-stricken2. 富裕的：rich = wealthy = affluent = well-to-do = well-off3. 优秀的：excellent = eminent = top = outstanding4. 积极的，好的：good = conducive = beneficial=advantageous5. 消极的，不良的：bad = detrimental= baneful =undesirable6. 明显的：obvious = apparent = evident =manifest7. 健康的:healthy = robust = sound = wholesome8. 惊人的：surprising = amazing = extraordinary = miraculous 9. 美丽的：beautiful = attractive = gorgeous = eye-catching10. 有活力的：energetic = dynamic = vigorous =animated11. 流行的：popular = prevailing = prevalent= pervasive★动词：1.提高，加强：improve = enhance= promote = strengthen = optimize2. 引起：cause = trigger = endanger3. 解决：solve =resolve =address = tackle =cope with = deal with4. 拆除：destroy = tear down = knock down = eradicate5. 培养:develop = cultivate = foster = nurture6. 激发，鼓励：encourage = motivate = stimulate = spur7. 认为：think = assert= hold = claim = argue8. 完成：complete = fulfill = accomplish= achieve9. 保留：keep = preserve = retain = hold10. 有害于：destroy = impair = undermine = jeopardize11. 减轻:ease = alleviate = relieve = lighten★名词：1. 影响：influence= impact2. 危险：danger = perils =hazard3. 污染：pollution = contamination4. 人类：human beings= mankind = human race5. 老人：old people= the old = the elderly = the aged = senior citizens6. 幸福：happiness = cheerfulness = well-being7. 老师：teachers = instructors = educators = lecturers8. 教育：education = schooling = family parenting = upbringing9. 青少年：young people = youngsters = youths = adolescents10. 优点：advantage = merits = superiority = virtue11. 责任：responsibility = obligation = duty = liability12. 能力：ability = capacity = power = skill13. 职业：job = career = employment = profession14. 娱乐：enjoyment = pastimes = recreation= entertainment15. 孩子：children = offspring = descendant= kid★短语：1. 充满了：be filled with = be awash with = be inundate with = be saturated with2. 努力：struggle for = aspire after = strive for = spare no efforts for3. 从事：embark on = tap = set about = go in for4. 在当代:in contemporary society = in present-day society= in this day and age5. 大量的:a host of = a multitude of = a vast number of = a vast amount of★高级词汇individuals,characters, folks替换(people ,persons)positive, favorable, rosy (美好的)，promising(有希望的)，perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding, superior替换gooddreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill (有害的)替换bad, 如果bad做表语，可以由be less impressive替换(an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of ,a host of, many, if not most)替换many.注：用many, if not most 一定要小心，many后一定要有词。
动词替换
动词替换：1.Improve 提高：Promote、Advance、Enhance2.change 改变：Transform3.Emphasize 强调：Highlight、Stress、Address(这是个9星级用法)4.Develop培养：Agriculture、Cultivate、Nurture5.Break 破坏：Impair、Undermine这两个词指的是抽象意义上的破坏Jeopardize、Devastate这两个词用了就牛X了6.Keep 保存Preserve、Conserve 保护资源用的就是这个词，不要用protect，protect这个词用在保护具体的东西。
7.deal With解决Tackle、Address（这也是高难度用法，很牛）、Resolve8.need 需要Require、necessitate、call for（这也是个很高级的用法，奥巴马就用这个）形容词替换：1.Everywhere 普遍的Widespread、Prevalent、Overflow、Rampant2.Good 好的Beneficial、Advantageous3.Harmful 有害的Inhumane、Detrimental、Baneful4.Rich 富有的Wealthy、Affluent5.Poor 贫穷的Impoverished7.Serious 严重的Severe8.Obvious 明显的Manifest、Apparent、Evident9.cheap 便宜的Economical、Inexpensive名词替换：1.Forefather 祖先Ancestor、Predecessor2.Difference不同Gap（简单但是牛）、Distinction3.Crime 犯罪Delinquency、Criminal Act4.Environment 环境Circumstance、Atmosphere、Surrounding、Ambience 5.Pollution 污染Contamination6.Human 人类The human raceHumanityHumankind7.Danger 危险Peril、Hazard8.In modern society 在当今社会In contemporary societyIn present-day societyIn this day and age（这是最牛的说法）2. Good 这个很囧，good的同义词最多了。
初中英语介词动词重要短语默写
.;.短语、句型 一、about 短语1、确信，对……有把握2、关心，在意3、谈论，讨论，议论4、考虑（是否去做）5、担心，烦恼二、after 短语 1、毕竟，终究 2、课后3、照顾，照看4、后天5、（外貌或行为）像三、as 短语 1、（作为）结果 2、据我所知 3、至于、关于 4、只要，既然 5、一……就…… 6、通常，平常地 7、也，还有 8、和……一样 9、不像，不如 10、把……看作 11、例如，比如12、和……相同，与…….一致四、at 短语 1、到达某地 2、出生时 3、首先4、最后，终于5、至少，最少6、立即，马上7、同时8、敲9、嘲笑，取消10、瞄准，针对，致力于，旨在 11、有时，偶尔 12、在晚上，在夜里 13、增加14、在……的开始 15、此时，现在 16、目前，现在17、擅长于……五、away 短语 1、在远处 2、逃离3、避免……接近，远离4、储存……备用，把……暂时收起来5、立刻，马上6、逃跑，跑掉7、拿走8、扔掉9、赠送，分发六、back 短语1、回复，使想起，归还2、（给某人）回电话3、回来4、回来5、归还，送回6、偿还（借款等）7、顶嘴七、by 短语1、乘飞机（坐公共汽车、火车、轮船）2、骑自行车3、顺便一提，附带说说4、（指时间）过去，消逝5、错误地6、偶然地，意外地7、到……时候，到……之前 8、顺便（或偶然）来访 9、路过，经过八、down 短语 1、砍倒 2、逐渐变弱 3、落下，摔倒 4、看不起，轻视 5、拆下，摧毁 6、记下7、拆除，往下拽，记录 8、把……调低，关小 9、上下，来回10，上下颠倒，倒转 11、写下，记下 12、控制，抑制.;.13、使……失望或沮丧 14、躺下15、停止运转，出故障九、for 短语 1、至于，关于 2、要，要求，请求 3、对……有害 4、迟到5、以……闻名，为人知晓6、用来做……7、渴望，渴求8、关心，关怀，照顾 9、永远 10、例如11、无疑，肯定 12、为……做好准备 13、去散步 14、寻找，寻求15、付……账，付买……的钱 16、为……做准备 17、为……而感谢 18、等候，等待十、from 短语 1、在……对面 2、出生（于），来自 3、与……不同 4、远离5、从今以后，今后6、从那时起7、不时，偶尔8、从……到……9、收到……的来信 10、向……学习……11、避免……接近……，使……远离…… 12、妨碍、防止，预防 13、把……和……分开十一、in 短语 1、总的来说2、有……相同特征，（想法、兴趣等方面）相同3、匆忙，很快地4、总之5、公有（的），共用（的）6、处在危险状态7、面对（问题、困难等） 8、实际上，其实，确切的说 9、在……的前面 10、用英语11、通常，大体上，一般而言 12、身体健康 13、为了14、按……顺序 15、依……看 16、亲身，亲自 17、当众，公开 18、沉默，无声 19、时髦的，流行的 20、一排，一列，一行21、既然那样，在那种情况下 22、在乡下，在农村 23、最后，终于 24、未来，将来25、挡道的，妨碍人的 26、这样，以这种方式 27、总共，合计 28、对……感兴趣 29、信任，信赖 30、报到，登记 31、进来32、在……方面做得好 33、交上，提交，呈送 34、参加，加入 35、及时，来得及 36、让……进来，放进 37、主修，专研 38、偶尔地，间或 39、参加……,参与…… 40、对……感到自豪41、吸入，吞入（体内）十二、into 短语1、转换成，把……变成2、把……分成……3、落入，陷入4、陷入，参与5、与……相撞6、向……里面看去，调查7、把……变成8、走进，不慎陷入.;.十三、on 短语 1、在船上 2、展览陈列 3、值班，值日 4、走路，步行 5、廉价出售，出售6、展出，在上演（上映）7、一方面……另一方面……8、用电话交谈，在通话中9、（在）周末 10、在右边 11、（在）周末 12、准时13、来吧，赶快，加油 14、全神贯注，专心于 15、依靠，相信，信赖 16、视……而定，决定于 17、相处，进展18、和睦相处，关系良好19、继续干某事，不停的干某事 20、等一等（别挂电话） 21、继续（进行）22、以……为主食，靠……为生 23、在度假，在假期中 24、传递25、穿，戴上，上演 26、试穿，试试看 27、打开28,、从事，忙于十四、of 短语 1、在……的开始 2、一种，一类 3、许多，大量 4、一些，许多5、一套，一副，一组6、一双7、两个，一对，几个 8、各种各样的 9、突然，猛地 10、在……前面 11、掌管，管理 12、稍微，有点 13、因为，由于 14、由……制成15、首先16、满是……的，（有）大量的，（有）丰富的 17、离开，从……出来 18、特地，格外努力 19、挡……的路，妨碍 20、听说21、几百，成百上千22、面对（问题、困难等） 23、在……前面 24、代替，而不是 25、大量，许多26、成百万上千万，数以百万计 27、许多28、一（大）碗 29、当然，自然 30、很多的，足够的 31、用尽，耗尽 32、照顾，照看 33、思考，考虑十五、off 短语 1、离开，走开 2、突然中止，中断 3、把……擦掉 4、切除 5、（因病或节假日）休息，不工作，不上学 6、脱下（衣服等），下车 7、发出响声 8、开除某人 9、勿踏，勿踩10、偿清（欠款等） 11、推迟，拖延12、挂断电话，停止讲话 13、跑掉，迅速离开 14、关闭，停止运转 15、送行16、动身，起程，使爆发 17、起飞 18、关掉十六、out 短语1、有压力的，使紧张2、吹来3、（战争、火灾等）突然发生，爆发4、使显现，使表现出来5、查明，结账.;.6、清理，丢掉7、清除，把……打扫干净 8、出版，发表 9、删除，删去 10、出去吃饭11、查明，发现，了解 12、出去，离开13、离开，从……出来 14、分发，发放 15、出去，熄灭 16、特地，格外努力 17、分发，发放 18、（俚语）闲荡，闲逛 19、帮助（某人）解决困难 20、不让……进入 21、摆开，布置22、不包括，不提及，忽略 23、留神，当心24、不时髦的，过时的 25、指出26、扑灭，熄灭（火），关灯 27、用尽，耗尽 28、卖完，售光 29、出发，启程 30、取出 31、倒垃圾 32、选拔，试用33、产生结果，发展，成功十七、over 短语 1、到处，遍及各处 2、绊倒3、仔细检查，复习4、检查5、反复，多次重复6、顺便来访7、克服，恢复，原谅十八、to 短语1、根据，按照，据……所说，视……而定2、把……加到……上3、有能力做某事，会做某事4、害怕去做，不敢去做5、是……的职责，由……决定6、准备做某事7、给……带来好运8、与……相像的，类似的 9、被期望或被要求 10、乐意（做某事） 11、属于12、几乎，接近 13、从……到…… 14、看电影15、不得不，必须16、关于，与……有关系 17、请随便吃点18、继续，坚持，保持 19、为了20、导致，导向 21、借……给…… 22、盼望，期待 23、钦佩，仰慕 24、听……25、紧靠……的旁边，贴近，接近 26、对……注意，留心 27、比起……更喜爱 28、对……大声喊叫 29、坚持，固守 30、跟……说31、幸亏，由于，因为 32、（作插入语）老实说，说实在的 33、令某人感到惊讶的是 34、首先35、太……而不能…… 36、过去常常做某事 37、习惯于（做）某事38、达到（某数量、程度等），至多有，不多于十九、up 短语 1、教育，培养2、打电话给……，号召3、使振奋，使高兴起来4、（把……）打扫干净，（把……）收拾整齐5、想出，提出，提出（主意、计划、回答等）6、切碎7、穿上盛装，装扮8、以……结束，结果为……，最后处于 9、修理，修补 10、起床 11、放弃12、厂长，长大 13、挂断电话.;.14、赶快、快点 15、（在词典、参考书等中）查阅，查找 16、下定决心17、编造，组成，拼凑成，形成，构成 18、混合在一起 19、打开 20、捡起21、张贴，搭建 22、打电话23、建立、创立、开办 24、出席，露面 25、不睡觉，熬夜 26、（尤指为消遣）学着做，开始做，开始从事 27、想出28、开大（声音），到达，来到 29、上上下下，来回 30、用完，用光，耗尽 31，睡醒，醒来二十、with 短语1、赞同，持相同意见2、生……的气，对……感到气愤3、善于应付……，对……有办法4、对……严格要求5、以……开始6、赶上（或超过）7、提出，想出（主意，回答等） 8、与……相连 9、比较，对比 10、处理，应付11、爱上（某人或某物） 12、与……相处 13、与某人想出 14、继续15、放弃，失去，卖掉，与……分开 18、与……保持联系 19、与……交朋友 20、为……提供……二十一、come 短语 1、（偶然）遇见（或发现） 2、（意外地）出现，发生，来到 3、来自 4、进入 5、进来6、出版，发表7、快点儿 8、顺便来访 9、（希望等）实现10、提出，想出（主意、回答等）二十二、give 短语 1、放弃 2、投降3、赠送，分发4、分发，发放5、还给，归还，恢复（健康等）6、生，产生7、捎（某人）一程二十三、look 短语 1、照顾，照看 2、看，朝……看 3、瞧不起 4、盼望，期待 5、寻求 6、看起来像 7、往……外看 8、当心 9、浏览 10、（在词典，参考书等中）查阅，查找 11、钦佩，仰慕 12、看一看二十四、put 短语1、把……暂时收起来，储存……备用2、写下，放下3、推迟，拖延4、穿上，上演5、扑灭，熄灭（火）6、张贴，搭建二十五、take 短语 1、拍照2、淋浴，洗澡3、去度假4、散步5、（在外貌、性格等方面）与（父母等）相像6、对……感兴趣7、拿走8、照看，照顾 9、当心，小心.;.10、取下11、从容，轻松，别紧张 12、做笔记 13、起飞14、呈现，雇佣 15、取出16、参加……，参与…… 17、发生18、对……感到自豪 19、花费（时间）20、占据时间、空间，开始从事，拿起 21、乘地铁22、捎个口信，传话 23、点菜 24、认真对待 25、代替，替换 26、去旅行 27、量体温 28、休息 29、冒险 30、倒垃圾31、吸入，吞入（体内）二十六、how 词组 1、多远（问距离）2、多久，多长时间（问长度）3、多久一次（问频率）4、多久后（问将来时间）5、多少（提问可数名词）6、（价钱）多少（提问不可数名词）7、多大年纪，几岁二十七、be 短语1、有能力做某事，会做某事2、害怕，害怕去做，不敢去做3、生……的气，对……感到气愤4、对……有害5、与……不同6、作为……有名7、因……著名8、喜欢，爱好9、对……友好10、是（某人的）朋友 11、装满了12、擅长，在……方面做得好 13、善于应付……，对……有办法14、意见一致15、处于（极大）危险之中 16、对……感兴趣 17、迟到18、用……材料做成（制成品中看不出原材料） 19、用……材料做成（制成品中看得出原材料） 20、离开，走开 21、受……欢迎 22、对……感到自豪 23、准备好做某事 24、对某事严格 25、对某人严格 26、被期望或被要求 27、对……惊讶28、确信，对……有把握 29、渴望，渴求 30、用来……31、乐意（做某事） 32、习惯于…… 33、中等身高 34、中等身材35、与……相像的，类似的 36、是……的职责，由……决定 38、说实话二十八、其他常见短语 1、尽某人最大的努力 2、相互 3、过得愉快 4、入睡 5、落后6、着凉，感冒7、玩得高兴，过得快乐 8、某人尽力做二十九、特殊句型1、我太累了所以很早就睡了。
雅思常用近义同义词替换表
雅思写作常用近义同义词替代表1. Abandof=aherdof=aflockof 一群2. Arangeof=anarrayof=alistof=acollectionof=aseriesof= asetof一系列3. Accelerate=speedup 加快4. Accomplishment=achievement 成就，达成 Accomplish=achieve（V）达成，达成，成就5. Attend=participatein 参加6. Achieve=obtain=gain=accesstosth 获取、获取7. Adaptto=integrateinto 使适应、融为一体8. Aim(.n)=objective=goal 目的9. Aimat=focuson=concentrateon=emphasizeon集中、重申10. Attempttodo=trytodo=intendtodo试试作，想要作11. Approximately=roughly=about=some=around大概12. Appreciation=interest赏识13. Asaresult=consequently=asaconsequence=hence所以、进而14. Aswellas=and和Aswell=too也15. Associatewith=connectwith=linkwith=relateto=involvein 与⋯⋯有关16. Attachto=connectto=linkto=serve 与⋯⋯相接、附着在⋯⋯上17. Atwill=atrandom ＝bychance=byaccident=accidentally 任意地18. Automaticallyensure=guarantee 保证19. Besimilarto=closelyresembled=havesomethingincommon 相似20. Beusedto=bedevotedto用于21. Beequivalentto=beequalto 等同于22. Betakenaback=besurprised 惊讶23. Briskly=rapidly=swiftly迅速地24. Calculate=measure权衡25. Catchupwith=keeppacewith跟上步伐26. Chief=major=dominant=principle主要的27. Chronic=longterm慢性病的28. Complain=illness病症29. Concernn.=focus关怀的30. Concernv.=about与⋯⋯有关31. Concept=conception=notion=idea=understanding观点、理解32. Condition=regulate调理33. Confront=encounter=inthefaceof面对34. Concern=care关怀35. Consistof=comprise由什么构成36. Concurwithsb=agreewithsb赞同某人37. Contaminate=pollute=poison污染38. Contend=assert=cliam断言39. Contributeto=resultin=leadto=linkto=responsiblefor致使40. Cooperatewith=workwith与协作41. Convertto=turninto转为、转变成42. Cropup=cropout=comeup出现43. Degenerated=underdeveloped退化44. Distractfrom=cannotconcentrate使精力分别45. Deadly=fatal致命的46. Diminish=decrease=shrink减少47. Distortreality=farfromreality=dishonest不真切的48. Distinction=difference=nuance不一样之处49. Distinct=distinguish=different=unique 不一样的50. Distinctvarietyof=differentkindof=separatekindof 不一样的51. Distinguish=tell 鉴识52. Dueto=becauseof 因为53. Drawback=defect=ill弊端54. Eat=feed喂食，进食55. Endanger=threaten威迫56. Engagein=participatein=joinin参加57. Establish=setup成立58. Establish=findout=figureout=workout查明59. Evolvement=development=progress发展、发育60.Emphasize=stress重申（v）61.Embarkupon=start=launch开始62. Enlighten=illuminate=instruct=educate启发、赐予知识63. Entire=whole所有64. Exceptional=extremely特别（特别好）65. Failtodo=failuretodo=cannotto do不可以做66. Farfrom=notatall根本不67. Fault=flaw=defect错误68. Form=shape=mould形成69. Foundation=basis基础70. Finance=sponsor=fund供给资助（金钱）71. Free=release=setfree开释72. Frequently=often常常73. Greatmilestone=impact=effect=influence对拥有很重要的影响力74. Grant=give授与75. Gas=petrol石油76. Hold=harbor=embrace拥有77. Halt=stop=hamper(v.)阻挡、使阻滞78. Hurdle=barrier(n.)阻挡79. Identical=thesame如出一辙80. Imitate=impersonate模拟81. Inclinetodo=tendtodo偏向于做某事82. Indicate=show=suggest=signify=identify表示83. Identify=recognize鉴识84. Inreactionto=respondto对起反响85. Interpret=illustrate解说86. Introduceto=importto引入87.Key(a.)=important=significant=crucial=essential=playavital/animportantpart/rolein重要的，重点的88. Key(n.)=approach=means=method=technique方法89. Likelihood=possibility可能性90. Link-up=connection联系91. Master=grasp掌握92. Matchsthto=assignsthto把和搭配起来93. Misconception=misunderstanding=mistakenview错误的理解94. Modify=change=alter改正、改变95. Manifestation=demonstration显示、表示96. Nature=character=characteristics实质、特色97. Non-toxic=lesspoisonous=safe无毒的、安全的98. Novela.=fresh=new=uptodate新潮的、创新的99. Numerous=anumberof很多100.Owingto=thanksto=contributeto多亏，有赖于101.Pattern=format形式，模式102.Pattern=design图案103.Poreover=study研究104.Poisonous=toxic有毒的105.Portray=describe描绘塑造(v.)106.Portrait=description描绘塑造(n .)107.Preserve=store储藏108.Prevailing=popular=prevalent流行的109.Presentday=modernsociety现代社会、此刻时代110.Prodigiouseffort=enormouseffort重要的努力111.Produce=trigger=generate=spawn=bringabout=result= breed=spawn 激发、产生112.Provide=offer供给113.ProtectAfromB=shelterAfromB使A不受B的伤害114.Questionnaire=survey问卷检查115.Readily=easily=accessible简单地116.Reflect=consider考虑117.Relateto=understand=appreciate理解118. Relyon=dependon 依赖119. Remarkable=extraordinary 特别突出的（好的事物）120. Replace = taketheplaceof 代替121. Residue = remains = relics = relicts = ruins 节余物、废墟122. Resemble = like = as 像123. Show = reflect 表现124. Significance = importance 重要性125. State = Situation = circumstance情况,状态,情况126. Striking = noticeable 值得注意地127. Strugglefor = strivefor 努力地争取128. Substantial = considerable 想当可观的129. Success= achievement = greatoutcome = greatprogress = huge development成功、成就130.Surprising = unexpectedlyuncommon令人惊讶的131.Taketo = beusedto = getusedto对习惯132.Tale= story = fairytale故事133.Talent = gift天分134.Tuition = formalteaching正式的学校教育135.Turnto = consult追求帮助、求援于136.Toxic = poisonous有毒的137.Unbiased = withoutprejudice无立场、不带任何成见的138.Upto = dependon /upon = relyon由决定139.Universal = popular广泛140.Virtue = advantage = strength长处利处141.Workout = figureout = reckon 计算出、作出--------------------------------------------------------------------------------You know ,我是悠悠的切割线君1. Solve = dealwith =copewith = handle = resolve = address =tackle解决2. Damage = hurt = injure = harm = impair = undermine= jeopardize伤害3.给与：Give = offer = render = impart = provide = supply = afford4.培育：Develop = cultivate = foster5.优势：Advantage = merit = virtue = benefit = upside = strength6.缺点：Disadvantage= demeri = drawback = downside = weakness7. 使诱惑：Puzzle = bewilder = perplex = baffle8. Key= crucial = critical = important = significant = vital = substantial = indispensable = imperative 重要的9. Think = believe = insist = maintain = assert = conclude = deem =hold =argue = beconvinced = befirmlyconvinced = befullyconvinced以为10.保护：Protect = conserve = preserve11.保证：Assure = ensure = guarantee = pledge12. 有害的：Bad = banefulevil= harmful = detrimental13.要求：Request = demand = needs = requisition14.Eliminate = clear = remove = clearup = takeaway = smoothaway除去15.Leadto = bringabout = resultin = cause = sparkoff = conduceto= proc ure = induce = generate致使16.So= therefore = thus = hence = consequently = asaconsequence= acc ordingly = asaresult = becauseofthis = asaresultofthis所以17.Growto = riseto = increaseto = goupto = climbto = ascendto = jumpto = s hootto增添至18. Dipto = fallto = declineto = decreaseto = dropto = godownto= reduceto = slumpto = descendto = sinkto = slideto降低至19. 保持稳固：Levelout = donotchange = remainstable = remainstill ，= remainsteady = bestable = maintainthesamelevel = remainunchanged = bestill = remainthesamelevel = stayconstant = keepatthesamelevel = leveloff = stabilize = keepitsstability = evenout 20. 急剧的：Dramatically = drastically = sharply = hugely = enormously ，= steeply = substantially = considerably = significantly = markedly ，= surprisingly = strikingly =radically = remarkably = vastly = noticeably 21. Steadily = smoothly = slightly = slowly = marginally = gradually ，= moderately = mildly 安稳地22.声称：Allege =assert = declare = claim23.发生：Happen = occur = takeplace24.原由：Reason = factor = cause25. 发展：Development= advance = progress26.有利的: Useful = helpful = beneficial = profitable = rewarding ，= advantageous27. 影响：Influence = impact = effect28.Clear =obvious ,evident ,self -evident ,manifest ,apparent ,crystal -clear显然的29. Comprise = takeup = accountfor = constitute= consistof =makeup = occupy = hold = compose占，30. 与对比：Comparedwith = comparedto = incomparisonwith =incomparisonto = by comparison with = bycomparisonto31.对照而言：Bycontrast = incontrast= ontheotherhand，= onthecontrary= conversely32.Show = reveal = illustrate = demonstrate = depict = present = represent = descried展现33. 大概：Approximately = almost = about = around = nearly = roughly34. 颠簸：Fluctuate = goupsanddowns = displayafluctuation ，= demonstrateafluctuation35. 事实上：Practically = inpractice = essentially = inessence = inreality ，= ineffect = infact = asamatteroffact = itisafactthat36.换言之：Namely = thatistosay= inotherwords，= toputitlikethis，= toputitdifferently= toputitfromanotherway= toputitfromanotherangle36.与有关: Concernwith = relateto37.增添：grow = increase = rise38.集中：concentrateon= focuson40.计划做:tendtodosth = planetodosth /wanttodosth41. 与有关系:beassociatedwith = beconnectedwith= belinkedto42.方法：approach = method = way43. 成立：establish = found = setup = establishment= organization44. offersb.sth. = supplysb.withsth. = providesb.withsth.= grant 供给给某人45.争辩：argument = disagreement46.合同，合约： contract = agreement47. 没有：no = without= haveno48.杂乱：chaos = mess49.里程碑：monument = landmark50. 帮助某人：helpsbwith = assistsbindoingsth= reachahandtosb51. competitor = rivalrecognizeas= look / assumeas52.作品：work = masterpiece--------------------------------------------------------------------------------对，没错，我就是切割线君 ^_^★高频短语：1． befilledwith =beinundatewith = besaturated with充满了2．strugglefor = aspireafter = strivefor = sparenoeffortsfor努力3. embarkon = takeup = setabout = goinfor从事4.in present-day society =in contemporary society=inthisdayandage在今世5. ahostof = amultitudeof = avastnumberof= avastamount of大批的6.begoodfor = dogoodto = bebeneficialto = beadvantageousto= becond uciveto对有好处7. harmful /badfor = bedetrimentalto = bedisadvantageousto = beperniciousto对有害处8．focusondevoteoneselfto= dedicateoneselfto= commitoneselfto = engageoneselfin = employoneselfin集中精力于9．think = argue =assert = contend = claim=maintain= holdthe viewpointthat=holdthestandpointthat= holdtheperspectivethat= harbouranidea /opinionthat = embraceaviewthat以为10．beagainst = reject = object = oppose = beopposedto = becomehostileto反对11．support =takesideswith = advocate = lendsupportto= singhighpraiseof支持12. leadto =trigger = resultin = bringabout= contributeto= giveriseto = givebirthto = beresponsiblefor致使13. beascribedto = beattributedto归罪于14.发展(develop )，提升(increase )，改良(improve)= A 及物动词组promote ,advance ,enhance ,reinforce名词 promotion ,advancement ,enhancement ,reinforcement= B 不及物动词 rocket ,boom ,flourish ,prosper15． befacedwith = beencounteredwith = bepoisedonthebrinkof面临，面对16. destroy = damage = decompose= destruct = endanger = impair= decimate = deteriorate损坏17．limit = restrict ,= restrain ,= constrict = constrain = obstacle = barric ade = smother = curb = hinder = impede 阻挡，限制= 18．makeaconclusion= drawaconclusion=reachaconclusion arriveataconclusion = hammeraconclusion =crystallizeaconclusion下结论19.dialect 方言accent 声调20. looklike = resemble近似，像21. chronic长久的,慢性的long -term长久的22. on - line = net = cyber网络23. solely = merely = only独自地，独一地。
英文替换词
★形容词：1. 贫穷的：poor = needy = impoverished = poverty-stricken2. 富裕的：rich = wealthy = affluent = well-to-do = well-off3. 优秀的：excellent = eminent = top = outstanding4. 积极的，好的：good = conducive = beneficial=advantageous5. 消极的，不良的：bad = detrimental= baneful =undesirable6. 明显的：obvious = apparent = evident =manifest7. 健康的: healthy = robust = sound = wholesome8. 惊人的：surprising = amazing = extraordinary = miraculous9. 美丽的：beautiful = attractive = gorgeous = eye-catching10. 有活力的：energetic = dynamic = vigorous =animated11. 流行的：popular = prevailing = prevalent= pervasive1.Everywhere 普遍的Widespread、Prevalent、Overflow、Rampant2.Good 好的Beneficial、Advantageous3.Harmful 有害的Inhumane、Detrimental、Baneful4.Rich 富有的Wealthy、Affluent5.Poor 贫穷的Impoverished7.Serious 严重的Severe8.Obvious 明显的Manifest、Apparent、Evident 9.cheap 便宜的Economical、Inexpensive★动词：1. 提高，加强：improve = enhance= promote = strengthen = optimize2. 引起：cause = trigger = endanger3. 解决：solve =resolve =address = tackle =cope with = deal with4. 拆除：destroy = tear down = knock down = eradicate5. 培养: develop = cultivate = foster = nurture6. 激发，鼓励：encourage = motivate = stimulate = spur7. 认为：think = assert= hold = claim = argue8. 完成：complete = fulfill = accomplish= achieve9. 保留：keep = preserve = retain = hold10. 有害于：destroy = impair = undermine = jeopardize11. 减轻: ease = alleviate = relieve = lighten1.Improve 提高：Promote、Advance、Enhance2.change 改变：Transform3.Emphasize 强调：Highlight、Stress、Address(这是个9星级用法)4.Develop培养：Agriculture、Cultivate、Nurture5.Break 破坏：Impair、Undermine这两个词指的是抽象意义上的破坏Jeopardize、Devastate6.Keep 保存Preserve、Conserve 保护资源7.deal With解决Tackle、Address（这也是高难度用法，很牛）、Resolve 8.need 需要Require、necessitate、call for★名词：1. 影响：influence= impact2. 危险：danger = perils =hazard3. 污染：pollution = contamination4. 人类：human beings= mankind = human race5. 老人：old people= the old = the elderly = the aged = senior citizens6. 幸福：happiness = cheerfulness = well-being7. 老师：teachers = instructors = educators = lecturers8. 教育：education = schooling = family parenting = upbringing9. 青少年：young people = youngsters = youths = adolescents10. 优点：advantage = merits = superiority = virtue11. 责任：responsibility = obligation = duty = liability12. 能力：ability = capacity = power = skill13. 职业：job = career = employment = profession14. 娱乐：enjoyment = pastimes = recreation= entertainment15. 孩子：children = offspring = descendant= kid1.Forefather 祖先Ancestor、Predecessor2.Difference不同Gap（简单但是牛）、Distinction3.Crime 犯罪Delinquency、Criminal Act4.Environment 环境Circumstance、Atmosphere、Surrounding、Ambience5.Pollution 污染Contamination6.Human 人类The human race Humanity Humankind7.Danger 危险Peril、Hazard8.In modern society 在当今社会In contemporary society In present-day society In this day and age★短语：1. 充满了：be filled with = be awash with = be inundate with = be saturated with2. 努力：struggle for = aspire after = strive for = spare no efforts for3. 从事：embark on = take up = set about = go in for4. 在当代: in contemporarysociety = in present-day society= in this day and age5. 大量的: a host of = a multitude of = a vast number of = a vast amount of★插入语1.indeed的确，2.surely无疑，3.however然而，4.obviously显然，5.frankly坦率地说，6.naturally 自然，7.luckily (或happily)for sb.算某人幸运，8.fortunately/luckily幸好，9.honestly真的，10.briefly 简单地说, 11.strange to say说也奇怪，12.needless to say不用说，13.most impor tant of all最为重要是，13.worse still更糟糕的是，14.in a few words(或in sum，in short)简而言之，15.in other words 换句话说，16.in a sense在某种意义上，17.in general一般说来，18.in my view在我看来，19.in conclusion 总之，20.in summary概括地说，21.in fact事实上，22.in the first place首先，23.in addition此外，24.of course当然，25.to my knowledge据我所知，26.for instance(或example)例如，27.as a matter of fact事实上,28.strictly speaking严格地说，29.generally speaking一般地说，30.judging from…根据……判断, 31.to be sure无疑，32.to sum up概括地说，33.to tell the truth老实说, 34.I am sure我可以肯定地说，35.I believe我相信，36.I wonder我不知道，37.that is也就是说，38.it seems看来是，39.as I see it 照我看来，40.what is important (serious)重要(严重)的是1解决: Solve, deal with, cope with, handle, resolve, address, tackle2损害：Damage, hurt, injure, harm, impair, undermine, jeopardize3给与：Give, offer, render, impart, provide, supply, afford4培养：：Develop, cultivate, foster5优势：Advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength6 缺陷：Disadvantage, demerit, drawback, downside, weakness7 使迷惑：Puzzle, bewilder, perplex, baffle8 重要的：Key, crucial, critical, important, significant, vital, substantial, indispensable, imperative9 认为：Think, believe, insist, maintain, assert, conclude, deem, hold, argue, be convinced, be firmly convinced, be fully convinced10 保护：Protect, conserve, preserve11确保：Assure, ensure, guarantee, pledge12 有害的：Bad, baneful evil, harmful, detrimental13 要求：Request, demand, needs, requisition14 消除：Eliminate, clear, remove, clear up, take away, smooth away15 导致：Lead to, bring about, result in, cause, spark off, conduce to, procure, induce, generate16 因此：So, therefore, thus, hence, consequently, as a consequence, accordingly, as a result, because of this, as a result of this17 增长至：Grow to，rise to，increase to，go up to，climb to，ascend to，jump to，shoot to18降低至：Dip to，fall to，decline to，decrease to，drop to，go down to，reduce to，slump to，descend to，sink to，slide to19保持稳定：Level out，do not change，remain stable，remain still，remain steady，be stable，maintain the same level，remain unchanged，be still，remain the same level，stay constant，keep at the same level，level off，stabilize，keep its stability，even out20 急剧地：Dramatically，drastically，sharply，hugely，enormously，steeply，substantially，considerably，significantly，markedly，surprisingly，strikingly，radically，remarkably，vastly，noticeably21平稳地：Steadily，smoothly，slightly，slowly，marginally，gradually，moderately，mildly22 宣称：Allege, assert, declare, claim23 发生：Happen, occur, take place24 原因：Reason, factor, cause25 发展：Development, advance, progress26 有益的：Useful, helpful, beneficial, profitable, rewarding，advantageous27 影响：Influence, impact, effect28明显的：Clear, obvious, evident, self-evident, manifest, apparent, crystal-clear29占：Comprise, take up, account for, constitute, consist of, make up, occupy, hold, compose30与…相比：Compared with，compared to，in comparison with，in comparison to，by comparison with，by comparison to31对比而言：By contrast，in contrast，on the other hand，on the contrary=，conversely32展示：Show, reveal, illustrate, demonstrate, depict, present, represent, describe33 大约：Approximately，almost，about，around，nearly，roughly34波动：Fluctuate，go ups and downs，display a fluctuation，demonstrate a fluctuation35事实上：Practically，in practice，essentially，in essence，in reality，in effect，in fact，as a matter of fact，it is a fact that36换言之：Namely，that is to say，in other words，to put it like this，to put it differently，to put it from another way，to put it from another angle.1.individuals,characters, folks替换people ,persons2: positive, favorable, rosy (美好的)，promising (有希望的)，perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding, superior替换good3:dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill (有害的)替换bad 如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive 替换Eg.An army of college students indulge themselves in playing games, enjoying romance with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms. When it approaches to graduation ,as a result, they find their academic records are less impressive.4.(an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of ,a host of, many, if not most)替换many.注：用many, if not most 一定要小心，many后一定要有词。
四级高级短语词汇替换
词组
开头
Recently,theproblemof … hasarousedpeople ’ sconcern.
最近 , …问题已引起人们的关注 .
Internethasbeenplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinourday-to-daylife.Ithasbrough talotofbenefitsbuthascreatedsomeseriousproblemsaswell.
6:harbortheideathat,taketheattitudethat,holdtheviewthat,itiswidelysharedthat,itisuni versallyacknowledgedthat替) think(因为是书面语，所以要加 that)
7:affair,business,matter替换 thing
4.(anarmyof,anoceanof,aseaof,amultitudeof,ahostof,many,ifnotmo替st)换 many. 注：用 many,ifnotmost一定要小心， many 后一定要有词。 Eg.Manyindividuals,ifnotmost,harbortheideathat 同 理 用 most,ifn…ot．all,替 换 most. 5:asliceof,quietafew,severa替l 换 some
有 belessimpressive替换
Eg.Anarmyofcollegestudentisndulgethemselvesinplayinggames,enjoyingromancewith girls/boysorkillingtimepassivelyintheirdorms.Whenitapproachestograduation,asaresu lt,theyfindtheiracademicrecordsarelessimpressive.
常用单词短语替换
1. A number of --- many/ a lot of2. A great deal of ---a lot of3. A great many --- al lot of4. A great variety of ----- many kinds of5. A variety of --- many kind of6.Abundant -sufficient -ample –enough7. A small sum of– little money8.Adequate --- enough9. A majority of --- most of10.Approximately – almost11.Above all --- the most important thing12.accelerate – increase13.Accuse sb of doin ---- charge sb with doin14.Acquire---gain/ obtain15.Acquaintance ---friend /company16.….are highly condemned ---- people criticize．．Badly17.advocate–call for18.adversity– hardship19.afford to– can pay for20.attribute to– because of21.Assailed by --- troubled by22.Anticipate ---foresee/ predict/foretell23.Appeal to sb ---fascinate sb/ attract sb24.appeal to ---call for25.arise from – originate from26.Attempt to do --- want to do27.At the idea of/ at the mention of/ at the sight of/ at the sound of ---think/talk/see/hear28.at the cost of 以什么为代价29.Astonish –shock / startle /surprise30.authority --- government31.Available ---have free time32.be addicted to– like33.Be/feel obliged to do sth ---- have to do / must do34.better – to make sth better35.be crucial to---be important to36.be confronted with– face with37.Be delighted to do ---happy/glad/ pleased to do38.be fond of – like39.be beneficial to– be good for40.be detrimental to– be harmful for41.be exposed to– encounter42.Be impressed by ----- by shocked by43.be initiated to – start44.Be likely to do --- it’s probably to / it’s possible to/ it’s likely to45.be obsessed with– be attracted by46.be indebted to–appreciate47.be prone to– tend to do48.Be tempted to do sth --- want to do sth49.bring forward --- advocate50.But more often than not ---often51.By comparison --- compared with52.become quite illogical when ----- people become unreasonable when./ people lose control when53.call forth– arose54.carry out –implement55.celebrity– famous people56.cherish– care57.claim --say58.Confirm --- make sure / assure59.conform to – similar toe to be known by ---- became famous amongpare – to --- take sth as62.content – satisfied63.contribute to– result in64.constitute --- make up with65.counter-measure-- solution66.cultivate --- educate67.Demand–ask68.Develop an unshakable faith in sth ----- totally believe in sb69.disastrous– sad70.disturbing– annoying71.distinctive --- special72.do deliberately–mean to73.dote on – excessive care for74.Draw to its close ---- close /end75.drastic measure– tough measure76.Enable us to do sth --- make it possible for sb to do sth77.endure – bear78.endeavor to – try to79.excessive– to much80.Exert a subtle influence on sb---- influence sb81.Exert a peculiar fascination on sb ---- fascinate sb greatly82.Extol --- speak highly83.excel– surpass84.Fail to–didn’t/don’t85.feel so dejected about___ ---- feel sad about___86.fierce– cruel87.frequently/regularly -- often88.For the simple reason that ---- simply because89.foster - cultivate90.fulfill—make dream come true91.Give rise to --- lead to/ result in / cause92.give more thought to-- think it over93.global economic integration --globalization全球一体94.Go into rapture---- very happy about / crazy about95.Go to great length to do sth ---- try their best to do96.go insane– go crazy97.go astray – go into a wrong way98.guarantee – assure99.Have an intention of doing ---want to do sth100.Have the reputation of ---- famous for101.have a passion for– like102.have a great influence on --- affect sth103.heart and soul– with all my heart104.hesitate to – reluctant to105.I am fully convinced that ---- I am sure/ positive that106.I could not help doing ---- I cannot control myself of doin sth107.Industrious --- diligent108.Imagine sth to be a sort of sth --- think of sth as sth/ regard ---as/ refer to ---as109.imperative – necessary110.in possession of ---- own111.In their effort to do sth --- they try to do sth112.In the case of – take --as an example113.induce sb to do--- lead sb to do114.indulged in–immerse sb in115.Invariably --- always116.inseparable – indivisible117.inevitable– unavoidable118.in no time—immediately119.Inferior to ---- worse than120.in support of – support121.in that –because122.in mounting numbers – a great number of123.It’s the normally accepted practice that ---- people believe that …124.It’s disturbing to thi nk that ---- I am so worried about to think that……125.It suddenly dawned on me that--- it suddenly came to/ occurred to/ me that-- / I suddenly realized that…126.It came to a stop ----- it stopped127.It has always been a mystery to me that ….. -------I always want to know that…128.it is inconceivable –it’s hard to imagine / believe –129.it’s vital to–it’s important to130.It’s essential... --- it’s important131.it’s generally agreed upon that—people agreed that132.it’s traditional deal for sb to do---- traditional habit to do-133.It would be unforgivable to do ---- cannot do sthrge sums of money --- lots of moneyy emphasis on --- pay attention to136.Live under the illusion that ---- live in the false idea137.live up to – fulfill138.long for– desire139.lose the reason– lose the head140.Make a name for oneself ---- became famous141.Make a close study of ---- research on142.make use of– take advantage of143.Managed to escape --- escaped successfully144.Most of us have formed an unrealistic picture of life on/in ----we all have a wonderful dream about145.Nor is ---without its beauty –however, it’s also has its advantage146.No creature has received more praise and abuse than sth ----- sth has been praised or abused most147.No one can avoid being influenced by advertisement --- advertisement influenced everyone 148.Now that ….but --- although/ though149.No sooner…than ------ immediately when / as soon as…150.News come to me that----- I heard the news that151.Nuisance– problem/ trouble/headache152.Observe / spot --- see / watch / look153.Obtain– find out/ get/ gain154.obligation –duty155.Occupy---take up156.Occur – happen157.odds– problem158.painstaking– effort159.Prefer to do sth/ prefer sth to sth ------ like doing sth better / like sth better160.preserve– keep161.Perhaps there is an element of truth in ------ perhaps they are all right in a way—162.Place a high value --- praise/speak-- highly163.poverty-stricken area– poor area164.predicament– hardship165.Promptly --- in time166.prominent (men)--- important (men)167.pursue – seek168.Reluctantly --- be unwilling to do / unwillingly169.Refer to sb as sth ---- call sb sth170.Remind sb of ---- make sb remember sth171.renowned – famous172.reckless move– move on an impulse173.resort to doing – adopt/take 采取174.ringleader– main course175.ruin – damage176.run counter to– against177.reverse ---turn –around178.recruit – hire179.they reason that ____------the reason is that ____180.Search/ in search of ----- hunt/look for181.Second to none ---best182.Seek common ground while reserving differences.求同存异183.setback– hardship184.shrink –decrease185.shelter–protect186.solely– only187.spare no effort doing–try best to188.Sth is beyond me ---- I don’t understand sth189.strive to do__ ---try best to do sth190.Superior to ---- better than191.surmount – overcome192.tailor to --- suit/ fit193.Take possession of sth– in charge of sth194.Take ur mind of sth --- don’t think of/about sth195.take sth for granted –think sth naturally196.tend to --- be likely to197.The sad truth is that ---- unfortunately198.The truth is that --- in fact199.The other side of the picture is quite the opposite --- on the other side/ on the other hand, it’s quite different.200.To be of great interest --- to be very interesting201.The virtue of sth--the advantage of sth/ the good of sth202.Tolerate – stand / bear/ withstand203.thorough– completely204.Unfortunate --- unlucky205.undergo—experience206.unrelenting– insistent207.ultimate goal – final goal208.utilize– apply / use209.We should be considerate and understanding. --- we should be thoughtful.210.Would rather…than ----- prefer to do sth211.worship – love212.When it came to pollution problem-----when we talked about pollution problem213.yield to– surrender214.individuals,characters, folks替换people ,persons2: positive, favorable, rosy(美好的)promising (有希望的)perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding, superior替换good 3:dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill (有害的)替换bad如果bad做表语可以有be less impressive替换Eg.An army of college students indulge themselves in playing games, enjoying romance with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms. When it approaches to graduation ,as a result, they find their academic records are less impressive.4.(an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of ,a host of, many, if not most)替换many.注：用many, if not most 一定要小心many后一定要有词.Eg. Many individuals, if not most, harbor the idea that….同理用most, if not all ,替换most.5: a slice of, quiet a few , several替换some6:harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it isuniversally acknowledged that)替think(是书面语要加that)7:affair ,business ,matter 替换thing8: shared 代common9.reap huge fruits 替换get many benefits)10:for my part ,from my own perspective 替换in my opinion11:Increasing(ly),growing 替换more and more( 注意没有growingly这种形式.当修饰名词时用increasing/growing.修饰形容词副词用increasingly.Eg.sth has gained growing popularity.Sth is increasingly popular with the advancement of sth.12.little if anything, 或little or nothing替换hardly13..beneficial, rewarding替换helpful14.shopper,client,consumer,purchaser, 替换customer15.exceedingly,extremely, intensely 替换very16.hardly necessary, hardly inevitable ... 替换unnecessary, avoidable17.sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替换sb take interest in / sb. be interested in18.capture one’s attentio n替换attract one’s attention.19.facet,demension,sphere代aspect20.be indicative of ,be suggestive of ,be fearful of代indicate, suggest ,fear21.give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 替换cause22. There are several reasons behind sth 替换..reasons for sth23.desire 替换want24.pour attention into 替换pay attention to25.bear in mind that 替换remember26. enjoy, possess 替换have(注意process是过程的意思)27. interaction替换communication28.frown on sth替换be against , disagree with sth29.to name only a few, as an example替换for example, for instance30. next to / virtually impossible,替换nearly / almost impossible词组开头Recently, the problem of … has aroused people’s concern.最近,…问题已引起人们的关注.Internet has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. It has brought a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.互联网已在我们的生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色.它给我们带来了许多好处,但也产生了一些严重的问题. Nowadays, (overpopulation) has become a problem we have to face.如今,(人口过剩)已成为我们不得不面对的问题了.It is commonly believed that… / It is a common belief that…人们一般认为…Many people insist that…很多人坚持认为…With the development of science and technology, more and more people believe that…随着科技的发展,越来越多的人认为…A lot of people seem to think that…很多人似乎认为…引出不同观点:People’s views on… vary from person to person. Some hold that… . However, others believe that…. 人们对…的观点因人而异.有些人认为….. 然而其他人却认为．．．People may have different opinions on… 人们对…可能会有不同的见解.Attitudes towards (drugs) vary from person to person. 人们对待吸毒的态度因人而异. There are different opinions among people as to… 关于…. 人们的观点大不相同. Different people hold different attitudes toward (failure). 对(失败)人们的态度各不相同.结尾Taking all these factors into consideration, we naturally come to the conclusion that…把所有这些因素加以考虑,我们自然会得出结论…Taking into account all these factors, we may reasonably come to the co nclusion that…考虑所有这些因素,我们可能会得出合理的结论…Hence/Therefore, we’d better come to the conclusion that…因此,我们最好得出这样的结论…There is no doubt that (job-hopping) has its drawbacks as well as merits.毫无疑问,跳槽有优点也有缺点.All in all, we cannot live without… But at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with the problems that would arise.总之,我们没有…是无法生活的.但同时,我们寻求新的解决办法来对付可能出现的新问题.提出建议:It is high time that we put an end to the (trend). 该是我们停止这一趋势的时候了.It is time to take the advice of … and to put special emphasis on the improvement of …该是采纳…的建议,并对…的进展给予特殊重视的时候了.There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of …毫无疑问,对…问题应予以足够的重视.Obviously,…. If we want to do something… , it is essential that…显然,如果我们想做某事,很重要的是…Only in this way can we… 只有这样,我们才能…It must be realized that… 我们意识到…预示后果:Obviously, if we don’t control the problem, the chances are that… w ill lead us in danger.很明显,如果我们不能控制这一问题,很有可能我们会陷入危险.No doubt, unless we take effective measures, it is very likely that…毫无疑问,除非我们采取有效措施,很可能会…It is urgent that immediate measures should be taken to stop the situation.很紧迫的是,应立即采取措施阻止这一事态的发展.论证From my point of view, it is more reasonable to support the first opinion rather than the second.在我看来,支持第一种观点比支持第二种观点更有道理.I cannot entirely agree with the idea that… 我无法完全同意这一观点….Personally, I am standing on the side of … 就个人而言,我站在…的一边.I sincerely believe that… 我真诚地相信…In my opinion, it is more advisable to do … than to do….在我个人看来,做…比做…更明智. Finally, to speak frankly, there is also a more practical reason why…给出原因:This phenomenon exists for a number of reasons. First, … Second, … Third, …这一现象的存在是有许多原因的., … 第二, … 第三, …Why did… ? For one thing… For another…. Perhaps the primary reason is…为什么会…? 一个原因是… 令一个原因是… 或许其主要原因是….I quite agree with the statement that… the reasons are chiefly as follows.我十分赞同这一论述,即…,其主要原因如下:列出解决办法:Here are some suggestions for handling… 这是如何处理某事的一些建议.The best way to solve the troubles is… 解决这些麻烦的最好办法是…People have figured out many ways to solve this problem. 人们已找出许多办法来解决这个问题.批判错误观点和做法:As far as something is concerned, …. 就某事而言,…It was obvious that… 很显然,….It may be true that…, but it doesn’t mean that… 可能…是对的,但这并不意味着…It is natural to believe that… , but we shouldn’t ignore that…认为….是很自然的,但我们不应忽视….There is no evidence to suggest that… 没有证据表明…如何连接强调still, Indeed, apparently, oddly enough, of course, after all, significantly, interestingly, also, above all, surely, certainly, undoubtedly, in any case, anyway, above all, in fact, especially. Obviously, clearly.比较like, similarly, likewise, in the same way, in the same manner, equally.对比by contrast, on the contrary, while, whereas, on the other hand, unlike, instead, but, conversely, different from, however, nevertheless, otherwise, whereas, unlike, yet, in contrast.列举for example, for instance, such as, take …for example. Except (fo r), to illustrate.时间later, next, then, finally, at last, eventually, meanwhile, from now on, at the same time, for the time being, in the end, immediately, in the meantime, in the meanwhile, recently, soon, now and then, during, nowadays, since, lately, as soon as, afterwards, temporarily, earlier, now, after a while.顺序first, second, third, then, finally, to begin with, first of all, in the first place, last, next, above all, last but not the least, first and most important.可能presumably, probably, perhaps.解释in other words, in fact, as a matter of fact, that is, namely, in simpler terms.递进What is more, in addition, and, besides, also, furthermore, too, moreover, furthermore, as well as, additionally, again.让步although, after all, in spite of…, despite, even if, even though, though, admittedly, whatever may happen.转折however, rather than, instead of, but, yet, on the other hand, unfortunately. whereas原因for this reason, due to, thanks to, because, because of, as, since, owing to.结果as a result, thus, hence, so, therefore, accordingly, consequently, as consequence.总结on the whole, in conclusion, in a word, to sum up, in brief, in summary, to conclude, to summarize, in short.其他Mostly, occasionally, currently, naturally, mainly, exactly, evidently, frankly, commonly, for this purpose, to a large extent（在很大程度上）, for most of us, in many cases, in this case,图表作文常用句型As is shown in the graph… 如图所示…The graph shows that… 图表显示…As can be seen from the table,… 从表格中可以看出…From the chart, we know that… 从这张表中,我们可知…All these data clearl y prove the fact that… 所有这些数据明显证明这一事实,即…The increase of …. In the city has reached to 20%. ….在这个城市的增长已达到20%.In 1985, the number remained the same. 1985年,这个数字保持不变.There was a gradual decline in 1989. 1989年,出现了逐渐下降的情况.。
高中英语高级替换词
高中英语高级替换词一、形容词1. 贫穷的：poor = needy = impoverished = poverty-stricken 2. 富裕的：rich = wealthy = affluent = well-to-do = well-off 3. 优秀的：excellent = eminent = top = outstanding4. 积极的，好的：good = conducive = beneficial=advantageous5. 消极的，不良的：bad = detrimental= baneful =undesirable6. 明显的：obvious = apparent = evident =manifest7. 健康的:healthy = robust = sound = wholesome8. 惊人的：surprising = amazing = extraordinary = miraculous 9. 美丽的：beautiful = attractive = gorgeous = eye-catching 10. 有活力的：energetic = dynamic = vigorous =animated11. 流行的：popular = prevailing = prevalent= pervasive二、动词1.提高，加强：improve = enhance= promote = strengthen = optimize 2. 引起：cause = trigger = endanger3. 解决：solve =resolve =address = tackle =cope with = deal with4. 拆除：destroy = tear down = knock down = eradicate5. 培养:develop = cultivate = foster = nurture6. 激发，鼓励：encourage = motivate = stimulate = spur7. 认为：think = assert= hold = claim = argue8. 完成：complete = fulfill = accomplish= achieve9. 保留：keep = preserve = retain = hold10. 有害于：destroy = impair = undermine = jeopardize 11. 减轻:ease = alleviate = relieve = lighten三、名词1. 影响：influence= impact2. 危险：danger = perils =hazard3. 污染：pollution = contamination4. 人类：human beings= mankind = human race5. 老人：old people= the old = the elderly= the aged = senior citizens6. 幸福：happiness = cheerfulness = well-being7. 老师：teachers = instructors = educators = lecturers8. 教育：education = schooling = family parenting = upbringing 9. 青少年：young people = youngsters = youths = adolescents 10. 优点：advantage = merits = superiority = virtue11. 责任：responsibility = obligation = duty = liability12. 能力：ability = capacity = power = skill13. 职业：job = career = employment = profession14. 娱乐：enjoyment = pastimes = recreation= entertainment 15. 孩子：children = offspring = descendant= kid四、短语1. 充满了：be filled with = be awash with= be inundate with = be saturated with2. 努力：struggle for = aspire after = strive for= spare no efforts for3. 从事：embark on = tap = set about = go in for4. 在当代:in contemporary society = in present-day society= in this day and age5. 大量的:a host of = a multitude of = a vast number of= a vast amount of五、高级词汇1.individuals,characters, folks替换(people ,persons)2.positive, favorable, rosy (美好的)，promising(有希望的)，perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding, superior替换good3.dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill (有害的)替换bad, 如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换(an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of ,a host of, many, if not most)替换many.注：用many, if not most 一定要小心，many后一定要有词。
常用替换词
考研英语写作常用替换词考研英语写作常用替换词2010-12-14 23:12:17| 分类：默认分类| 标签：|字号大中小订阅/nifengfeiyang2009考研英语测试中，写作部分评阅主要关注“错误”与“亮点”。
所谓“错误”是指各类词汇、语法错误，错误越多，分数越低。
而“亮点”则指考生在谴辞造句方面所做的努力，亮点越多，分数也会相应有所增长。
从英语写作教学的实践看，在没有教师为学生批改作文的状况下，学生想要减少作文中的错误几乎没有可能。
加之多数中国学生英语语法水平又非常有限，提高句型档次相当不容易。
但是，考生仍可以通过在短时间改变总是使用常规词汇短语而不能给评阅者留下深刻印象的状况来提高成绩。
为此，我们根据考研英语写作试题题目的特点，为大家挑选一些单词编成这个“替换词汇表”，希望同学们花上一点时间认真记忆，在考试过程中用几个好一点的单词取代经常使用的普通词汇，并尽力使用修饰语，以便在一定程度上提高作文的档次，在“错误”和“亮点”这两个概念中取得有利于自己的平衡。
需要注意的是，既然这些词是在写作中使用的，因此在记忆中希望大家能够注意它们的拼写、词性及搭配形式。
由于篇幅过长，今天先上传前30个词条。
考研英语写作常用替换词（一）1. accelerate: 后面接名词，表示“加速”，中性词，好事坏事都能用。
2. adequate: “足够的”，用来替代经常被使用的enough。
3. advance: 名词，“进步，发展”，用来替代文章开头经常使用的development，progress。
4. advisable / sensible / rational: “合理的”，都可以替代reasonable。
5. cannot afford to: “不应当做”，不是我们说的“负担不起”。
6. be alert to something: “对…保持警惕”，后面接消极概念。
7. alternative: “其他的选择或办法”，比如an alternative is that… 就相当于in addition（除此之外）了。
英文作文十大过渡语以及英语作文高级替换词!-最新范文
英文作文十大过渡语以及英语作文高级替换词！英文作文十大过渡语以及英语作文高级替换词！1、表起始的过渡语有to begin with, according to, so far, as far as等。
例如：e.g.As far as I know, everyone is happy about this new arrangement of things.2、表时间的过渡语有first/firstly, in the meantime, at the same time, for the first time, ever since, while, shortly after, the next moment, nowadays, at present, before long, in the future 等。
例如：e.g.After that I went to No. 8 Middle School of Dalian and graduated this summer.e.g.Firstly, the technology of ... secondly, people’s income has...Thirdly, mobile phones are....3、表空间的过渡语有on the right/ left, to the right/ left of, on one side of... on the other side of ..., at the foot/ top/ end of, in the middle/ center of等。
例如：e.g.On the other side, where the playground used to be now stands another new building—our library.4、表因果的过渡语有thanks to, thus, therefore, as a result(of...), with the help of..., owe ...to...等。
given that的同义短语
given that的同义短语Given that这个短语在英语中的运用非常广泛，特别是在书面语和正式场合下会被广泛使用。
其字面意思指的是“鉴于”、“考虑到”，在后面接着一些前提条件。
这个短语通常用来引出一些假设、前提、事实或条件，来支持说话者的观点或推断。
在英语中，经常用given that这个短语，然而，我们可以替换这个短语，以避免使用频率过高，更丰富多彩的说话方式。
本文将涉及given that的10个同义短语，以及它们的具体用法和例句。
1. Considering thatConsidering that是给定的同义词之一，在表达时，该短语与given that几乎可以互换。
两者的含义是一样的，都表示将某些事实、条件、假设等情况考虑在内。
在使用时，常常与现在时态连用。
例如：Considering that he is only six years old, his drawing is quite amazing.（考虑到他只有六岁，他的画还是很棒的。
）2. In view ofIn view of这个短语的意思是“鉴于”，通常用来指某个情况或问题的解决方案或策略。
例如：In view of his poor health, we decided to cancel the trip.（鉴于他的健康状况不佳，我们决定取消旅行。
）3. GivenGiven作为given that的同义词，可以表示某个已知事实或条件，通常用在句子的开头。
例如：Given the weather forecast, we decided to postpone the picnic.（考虑到天气预报，我们决定把野餐计划推迟。
）4. Taking into accountTaking into account是给定短语的另一个同义词。
该短语表示将某些事实、条件或其他因素考虑进来，用以支持某个观点或者做出决策。
例如：Taking into account the various factors, we have decided to hire the applicant.（考虑到各种因素，我们决定雇用这个申请者。
according to 的同义短语
according to 的同义短语“According to”是一个经常用到的词组，意思是“根据”。
它在日常生活中广泛使用，人们用它来引用资料、得出结论、评估结果等等。
但在写作中，我们也需要使用一些同义的短语来替换“according to”，以避免重复，使文章更有说服力和亮点。
本文将分步骤阐述“according to”的同义短语，方便大家在写作中灵活运用。
1. Based on：这是“according to”最常用的同义短语之一。
在写作中，我们可以用“based on”引用具体的数据、信息或者观点，例如: Based on the research, we can conclude that the newdrug is effective.2. In accordance with：这个短语强调某些事情是按照规则、标准或制度进行的。
例如: In accordance with the company policy, employees are required to complete their work before leaving.3. As stated by：这个短语引用某个声明或说法，表明某个信息或者观点源自某人或某组织。
例如：As stated by the manager,the project will be completed on time.4. According to the findings of：这个短语强调某项研究或调查的结果。
例如：According to the findings of the survey, more than 60% of the respondents prefer online shopping.5. In light of：这个短语表示基于某些因素来做出决定或评估某个情况。
例如：In light of the recent events, the schoolwill increase security measures.6. In view of：这个短语表示考虑到某个问题或情况，给出某个判断或建议。
常用动介式短语词词表
附录：《常用“动介式短语词”词表》常用V在1.站（站在）2.坐（坐在）3.放（放在）4.留（留在）5.住（住在）6.躲（躲在）7.发生（发生在）8.躺（发生在）9.挂（挂在）10.生活（生活在）11.摆（摆在）12.写（写在）13.落（落在）14.呆（呆在）15.倒（倒在）16.走（走在）17.扔（扔在）18.埋（埋在）19.长（长在）20.用（用在）21.藏（藏在）22.加（加在）23.混（混在）24.生（生在）25.照（照在）26.活（活在）27.排（排在）28.集中（集中在）29.停（停在）30.连（连在）31.死（死在）32.出现（出现在）33.表现（表现在）34.挤（挤在）35.插（插在）36.靠（靠在）37.跪（跪在）38.建立（建立在）39.出（出在）40.夹（夹在）41.记（记在）42.建（建在）43.消失（消失在）44.驻（驻在）45.安排（安排在）46.等（等在）47.关（关在）48.冲（冲在）49.握（握在）50.骑（骑在）51.看（看在）52.跑（跑在）53.露（露在）54.洒（洒在）55.贴（贴在）56.存（存在）57.聚集（聚集在）58.出生（出生在）59.盛（盛在）60.合（合在）61.抱（抱在）62.集合（集合在）63.印（印在)常用V到1.回（回到）2.走（走到）3.来（来到）4.赶（赶到）5.转（转到）6.跑（跑到）7.放（放到）8.打（打到）9.送（送到）10.落（落到）11.搬（搬到）12.运（运到）13.发展（发展到）14.带（带到）15.活（活到）16.升（升到）17.写（写到）18.传（传到）19.爬（爬到）20.长（长到）21.换（换到）22.引（引到）23.飞（飞到）24.冲（冲到）25.分（分到）26.说（说到）27.撞（撞到）28.拉（拉到）29.做（做到）30.调（调到）31.站（站到）32.坐 (坐到)33.等（等到）34.推（推到）35.退（退到）36.扔（扔到）37.凑（凑到）38.转移（转移到）39.拖（拖到）40.干（干到）41.开（开到）42.引导（引导到）43.吃（吃到）44.发（发到）45.用（用到）46.找（找到）47.待（待到）48.躲（躲到）49.抬（抬到）50.逼（逼到）51.降（降到）52.追（追到）53.上升（上升到）54.持续（持续到）55.挤（挤到）56.交（交到）57.卖（卖到）58.接（接到）59.停（停到）60.插（插到）61.反映（反映到）62.划（划到）63.分配（分配到）64.扑（扑到）65.绕（绕到）66.伸（伸到）67.贴（贴到）68.涨（涨到）69.忍（忍到）70.抓（抓到）71.流（流到）72.睡（睡到）73.玩（玩到）74.学（学到）75.考（考到）76.端（端到）77.喝（喝到）78.跳（跳到）79.掉（掉到）80.挖（挖到）81.传播（传播到）82.坚持（坚持到）83.介绍（介绍到）常用V给1.交（交给）2.还（还给）3.送（送给）4.发（发给）5.写（写给）6.卖（卖给）7.留（留给）8.说（说给）9.分（分给）10.借（借给）11.递（递给）12.扔（扔给）13.献（献给）14.嫁（嫁给）15.寄（寄给）16.打（打给）17.输（输给）18.介绍（介绍给）19.带（带给）20.传（传给）21.抄（抄给）22.报（报给）23.赠送（赠送给）24.配（配给）25.教（教给）26.奉献（奉献给）27.让（让给）28.指（指给）29.划（划给）30.分配（分配给）31.读（读给）32.丢（丢给）33.哭（哭给）34.拿（拿给）35.念（念给）36.掏（掏给）37.传授（传授给）38.买（买给）39.讲（讲给）40.做（做给）41.当（当给）42.证明（证明给）43.提供（提供给）常用V向1.走（走向）2.转（转向）3.指（指向）4.通（通向）5.投（投向）6.扑（扑向）7.涌（涌向）8.流（流向）9.飞（飞向）10.冲（冲向）11.射（射向）12.迈（迈向）13.开（开向）14.看（看向）15.拉（拉向）16.跑（跑向）17.背（背向）18.跪（跪向）19.摔（摔向）。
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替换词表3
写在前面
这个词表是关于损益（也就是好坏）和高级词汇的替换。
表示损益的替换词
有害的事物：harmful things=contagion
传染病瘟疫epidemic/ pandemic也有流行的意思/pestilence/ plague
疾病：malady
瘴气：miasma比喻意为有害的气氛或者影响
灾患：scourge
不再害怕看到世界中心深处的毒气：unafraid to look deep into the miasma at the heart of the world.
有害的：harmful = deleterious/ detrimental/ noxious/ toxic/ virulent/ monstrous/ murderous
邪恶的：evil/ devil= cruel/ crude/ brutal/ wicked/ vicious/ malicious/ atrocious/ virulent/ venomous / sinister/ hafarious/ vicious/ pernicious/ destructive/ detrimental
致命的：fatal/ lethal前两个并非贬义/ pernicious极其有害的
有益的：形容词：hygienic/ sanitary 广义的卫生的/ salutary/wholesome有益身心的
有害的事物: bane致命的毒药/ blight植物的枯萎病/
损害：harm = blemish/ deface/ disfigure/ eviscerate/ impair减损/main mutilate毁伤肢体/ mar/spoil破坏demolish
有益的事物：antidote 解毒药/ remedy药物：纠错/ panacea 万能良药elixir 炼金药，万能药(有贬义含义)/ boon赐福blessing / tonic 补药
改善：improve = ameliorate/ amend/ 对法律的修改/ rectify/ redress/
毁坏，毁灭：destroy/ annihilate彻底消灭/ exterminate终结/ eliminate/ eradicate/ decimate/ demolish/ dismantle/ raze 彻底摧毁夷为平地/ devastate/ ravage/ wreck遭受重创，严重破坏/ obliterate擦去/ pulverize 磨成粉末状/ subvert 颠覆
可怕的：awful = horrible/ terrible/ tragic/ wretched / dire
复苏，复兴
动词：revive= rejuvenate/ resurrect/ resuscitate/ revive
动荡的，混乱的
形容词：tumultuous/ turbulent/
混乱：名词：chaos/ confusion/ disorder / mayhem/ disarray/ havoc大面积的破坏-混乱pandemonium 撒旦居住的地方，比喻嘈杂，混乱的地方/ shambles废墟/ turmoil 混乱，动荡/ upheaval突发的巨变
灾难：calamity/ cataclysm/ catastrophe
危险
名词：danger/ hazard/ peril
危险的：hazardous/ perilous/ precarious/ treacherous
危及：动词endanger/ compromise/ imperil/ jeopardize
保护：protect = safeguard
普通词汇替换为高级词汇
through－>in term of/via
operate－>manipulate
offspring－>descendant
inevitable－indispensable
detail－>specific
explain－>interpret
obvious－>conspicuous
hurt－>vulnerable
use－>employ/utilize
value－>merit
provide－>lend－>offer
true－>accurate
leading to－>contribute to/ conduce to/result in
more and more－>increasing/growing
hardly－>merely－>barely
well-known－>outstanding
large－>miraculous/marvelous
although－>albeit/notwithstanding
in fact－>actually/virtually
want－>intend to/tend to/be inclined to
because－>in that
may be－>probably
to sum－>to summarize/in conclusion
explain－>interpret/illustrate
change－>alter
chance－>alternative
custom－>convention/tradition
think－>contemplate/muse/meditate/retrospect arouse－>ignite/stimulate/spur/motivate
limit－>stress/hinder/hamper
key－>crucial/vital/consequential
old－>ancient
emphasis－>accentuate
devote to－>dedicate to
character－>trait/individuality/idiosyncrasy/personality expect－>anticipate
join－>participate
delegate－>representative
bias－>prejudice/discriminate/tendency
thrive－>palmy/flourishing/prosperity
clash－>conflict/collision/reencounter
publicize－>propagandize
agree partly－>agree with reserve
proper－>apposite
want to－>desire
big city－>metropolis
lawmaking－>legislation
first－>primarily
but－>nonetheless/nevertheless
child－>juvenile
absorb－>assimilate
hand in－>render
undermine－>sap/enervate/debilitate
get into chaos－>with chaos ensuing
key－>pivot/crux
sway－>vacillate
fanatic patriotism－>jingoism/chauvinism persuasive－>thorough/sound/specific/convincing consider－>take into account
vague－>gratuitous/unwarranted/oversimplified。