大学体验英语综合教程4 - Unit 1
大学体验英语综合教程课后答案解析Unit
Unit 1> Caring for Our EarthPassage A（三）、1.Answer: A tree frog has taken up residence in my studio.Answer: He stopped and turned around and just sat there looking at me.2.Answer: Possibly the tone of my computer sounded to him like other treefrogs.3.Answer: Frogs were dying around the world.Answer: Frogs were being found whose skin was like paper.Answer: Frogs are an “indicator species”.4.Answer: The frogs have a message for us.Answer: We must be the adults for the planet.Answer: There are no boundaries, that there is no more time.（四）、Answer: greenhouse residence communicate wired humming message sensitivity indicator（五）、Answer: 1. d 2. a 3. b 4. e 5. c 1. tone threatening 2. sensitivity smell 3. affected climate 4. tap resources 5. concerns environment（六）、Answer: 1. subtle 2. were overtaken 3. species 4. decades 5. boundaries 6. audio 7. directly 8. focus 9. tone 10. cupped（七）、Answer: 1. at that rate 2. For the sake of 3. come to 4. by hand 5. vice versa （八）、1. 年轻人有时会抱怨无法和父母沟通。
大学体验英语综合教程4课文翻译及课后答案
A无名英雄：职业父亲意味着什么？在我们的孪生女儿出生后的第一次“约会”时，我和丈夫一起去看了一部名为《玩具故事》的电影。
我们很喜欢这部片子，但随后我丈夫问道：“父亲在哪儿呢？”起初我还认为因为一个小小的失误而批评一部很吸引人的家庭影片似乎是太偏狭了。
可后来越想越觉得这一疏忽太严重了。
父亲不仅没有出现，他甚至没有被提到——尽管家中有婴儿，说明他不可能离开太长时间。
影片给人的感觉是，父亲出现与否似乎是个极次要的细节，甚至不需要做任何解释。
新闻媒体倾向于把父亲的边缘化，这只是一个例子，它反映了在美国发生的巨大的社会变化。
大卫?布兰肯霍恩在《无父之国》一书中将这种倾向称之为“无需父亲”观念。
职业母亲（我想这应是与无职业母亲相对而言的）奋斗的故事从媒体上无尽无休地轰击着我们。
与此同时，媒体上绝大多数有关父亲的故事又集中表现暴力的丈夫或没出息的父亲。
看起来似乎父亲惟一值得人们提及的时候是因为他们做家务太少而受到指责的时候（我怀疑这一说法的可靠性，因为“家务”的定义中很少包括打扫屋顶的雨水沟、给汽车换机油或其它一些典型地由男人们做的事），或者是在他们去世的时候。
当布兰肯霍恩先生就“顾家的好男人”一词的词义对父亲们进行调查时，许多父亲都回答这一词语只有在葬礼上听到。
这种“无需父亲”综合症的一个例外是家庭全职父亲所受到的媒体的赞扬。
我并非暗指这些家庭全职父亲作出的承诺不值得人们的支持，我只是想指出在实际生效的双重标准：家庭全职父亲受到人们的赞扬，而家庭全职母亲和养家活口的父亲，所得到文化上的认同却很少，甚至完全得不到。
我们用来讨论父亲角色（即没出息的父亲）的话语本身就显示出人们对大多数男人默默无闻而自豪地履行对家庭承担的责任缺乏赏识。
我们几乎从来没听到“职业父亲”这一说法，在人们呼吁应该考虑给予工作者在工作地点上更大的灵活性时，很少有人认为这种呼吁不但适用于女子，同样也适应于男子。
我们这个社会表现出似乎家庭职责对父亲来说并不象对母亲那么重要——似乎事业上的满足就是男人生活的全部。
大学体验英语综合教程课堂辅导Book 4Unit 1-lead in-交际实战跟踪训练
Mary: Jack, ____ this weekend to take George to the zoo?Jack : I’m sorry, Mary. ____ . But...Mary: Please, Jack, don’t tell me you are busy again this weekend. You are always ____ your work, never-ending work. ____ think about your son and me?Jack : I do. You should know, Mary, what I’m working for. I’m trying my best to____ to support the family. Mary, you know, it’s getting difficult to make ends meet.Mary: Yes, you’re ____ . And I know you’re a very successful manager. But Jack, you have to admit that you are not a devoted father.Jack : That’s... that’s unfair, Mary. It really hurts me when you say that.Mary: It seems to me that all you really care about is your career I mean, you don’t show enough concern for my career or the education of our son.Jack : ____, Mary? I do care about you and our son. But the problem is I...I just don’t have enough time to take care of the family. I feel really awful. To be honest, I’d rather you stay at home to be a full-time house wife, so...Mary: No, no way. I wou ldn’t____ .Jack : All right, all right, let’s talk about it later.Answer:①is it possible for you to spare some time ②I wish I could. ③busy with④Why don’t you⑤earn more money ⑥trying your best⑦What do you mean ⑧give up my career for anythingQuiz for Unit 1I. Fill in the blanks in the following sentences with the phrases or expressions given below. Change the form where necessary.1. Whenever a big company ________ a small one, the product almost always gets worse.2. This article ________ more attention to the problem of cultural interference in foreign language teaching and learning.3. Richard doesn’t think he could ever ________ what is called “free-style”poetry.4. Bob was completely ________ by th e robber’s disguise.5. Without proper lessons, you could ________ a lot of bad habits when playing the piano.6. Please ________ your disgraceful conduct.7. Don’t allow pleasure to ________ duty.8. You must ________ at the airport an hour before your plane leaves.9. Electric power can be ________ the sunwarmed surface waters of the ocean.10. I don’t ________ going for a walk now.II. Choose the best that completes the sentences.1. You ________ our case very convincingly. The jurors were clearly impressed.A. representedB. presentedC. promotedD. probed2. They rented the old house on the ________ that the landlord would paint it.A. assumptionB. impressionC. successionD. suggestion3. The man who murdered his wife was ________ by shooting, according to law.A. punishedB. executedC. arrestedD. captured4. If someone asks for ________, he is asking you for something such as a driving license, passport, or identity card, which proves who you are.A. inclinationB. imitationC. ingredientD. identification5. John makes the plans; Dick ________ them.A. doesB. executesC. carries outD. comes true6. The capital intended to broaden the export base and ________ efficiency gains from international trade was channeled instead into uneconomic import substitution.A. secureB. extendC. defendD. possess7. ________ the storm, the ship would have reached its destination on time.A. But forB. In spite ofC. In case ofD. Because of8．Crime is increasing worldwide, and there is every reason to believe the ________ will continue into the next decade.A. emergencyB. trendC. paceD. schedule9. Don’t let the child play with scissors ________ he cuts himself.A. in caseB. so thatC. now thatD. only if10. You would be ________ a risk to let your child go to school by himself.A. omittingB. attachingC. affordingD. running11. Although a teenager, Fred could resist ________ what to do and what not to do.A. being toldB. tellingC. to be toldD. to tell12. The energy ________ by the chain reaction is transformed into heat.A. transferredB. releasedC. deliveredD. conveyed13. I’ll never forget ________ for the first time.A. to meetB. meetingC. to have metD. having to be meeting14. ________ in a recent science competition, the three students were awarded scholarships totaling $21,000.A. Judged the bestB. Judging the bestC. To be judged the bestD. Having judged the best15. ________ receiving financial support from family, community or the government is allowed, it is never admired.A. AsB. OnceC. AlthoughD. Lest16. So many directors ________, the board meeting had to be put off.A. were absentB. been absentC. had been absentD. being absent17. I was halfway back to the cottage where my mother lived ________ Susan caught up with me.A. sinceB. forC. asD. with18. No one had told Smith about ________ a lecture the following day.A. there beingB. there beC. there would beD. there was19. We hadn’t met for 20 years, but I recognized her ________ I saw her.A. for the momentB. the moment whenC. at the moment whenD. the moment20. Jack wishes that he ________ business instead of history when he was in university.A. had studiedB. studyC. studiedD. had been studyingIII. Answer the following questions with the information from the passage.PASSAGE 1It is hard to get any agreement on the precise meaning of the term“social class”. Ineveryday life, people tend to have a different approach to those they consider higher or lower than themselves in the social scale. Dress, way of speaking, area of residence in a given city or province, education and manners all play a part.In Greece, after the sixth-century B.C., there was a growing conflict between the peasants and the landed aristocrats, and a gradual decrease in the power of the aristocracy when a kind of “middle class”of traders and skilled workers grew up. The population of Athens, for example, was divided into three main classes which were politically and legally distinct. About one-third of the total were slaves, who did not count politically at all. The next main group consisted of resident foreigners, the“metics”, who were freemen, though they too were allowed no share in political life. The third group was the powerful body of “citizens”, who were themselves divided into subclasses.In the later Middle Ages, however, the development of a money economy and the growth of cities and trade led to the rise of another class, the“burghers”or city merchants and mayors. These were the predecessors of the modern middle class. This change affected the towns more than the country areas, where remnants of feudalism lasted much longer.1. List at least three common criteria for telling a person’s social position.2. Slaves in Greece in the sixth century B.C. were not ______ significant.3. The metics, one of the three classes of Greece, consisted mainly of ________.4. What did the development of a money economy and the growth of trade lead to?PASSAGE 2Electronic books could revolutionize reading, but people ought to consider their far-reaching impacts as well. “The e-book promises to wreak a slow havoc on life as we know it,”Jason Ohler, professor of technology assessment, university of Alaska Southeast In Juneau, warned the World Future Society, Bethesda, Md. His assessment weighed the pros and cons (赞成和反对的理由) of e-book technology’s impact on social relationships, the environment, the economy, etc. Before you curl up（蜷曲）with an e-book, consider the disadvantages.They increase eyestrain due to poor screen resolution, replace a relatively cheap commodity with a more expensive one, and displace workers in print book production and traditional publishing. E-books make it easy to share data, thereby threatening copyright agreements and reducing compensation of authors, as well as creating nonbiodegradable（不可生物降解）trash.On the other hand, e-books save paper and trees, reduce the burden of the carrying and storing of printed books, promote self-sufficiency in learning, and make reading a collaborative experience online. They also create new jobs for writers and artists and encourage self-publishing.In final analysis, Ohler points out, e-books should gain society’s approval if a few conditions are met: make them biodegradable and recyclable, solve the problem of eye fatigue, be sure the “have-nots”get the technology, and support e-book training in schools and business.1. What is the author’s purpose of writing the passage?A. To draw people’s attention to the disadvantages of e-booksB. To call on people to reject E-booksC. To criticize schools and business that don’t provide e-booksD. To encourage people to use e-books2. What is Jason Ohler’s attitude towards e-books?A. PositiveB. IndifferentC. CautiousD. Suspicious3. In what sense do e-books exert a negative impact on the environment?A. They are unable to be broken down into harmless products.B. They consume a lot of natural resources.C. They produce harmful gases.D. They are capable of being reused.4. What is e-books’ negative impact on social relationships？A. They create new jobs only for writers.B. Fewer and fewer people have access to new technology.C. They may threaten some traditional trades.D. They isolate people from one another.5. What does Ohler suggest regarding the use of e-books?A. The society should ensure the poor have access to the technology.B. The society should ban the use of e-books if they cannot reduce eye fatigue.C. The society should approve of the use of e-books if they are made recyclable.D. The schools should solve the present problems of e-books.PASSAGE 3When they marry, husbands and wives have well-developed health histories and well-established congenital (天生的) and developmental propensities（嗜好）toward good and ill health. Substantial research suggests that, given the existing health propensity and health condition of an individual at a particular time, his or her probability of better or worse future health is affected by a variety of socially mediated factors that are subject to influence or manipulation by his or her spouse.Spouses can promote each other’s health by ameliorating （改善）psychological stress. A substantial literature develops strong evidence that psychological stress causes illness, increases mortality risk, and serves as an important mechanism that links socioeconomic characteristics to health and mortality. Stress-reducing mechanisms include removal of sources of stress, and management of stress by talking about it to a trusted other person, psychiatric treatment, physical exercise, recreation and other means. A spouse can provide or encourage all of these stress-reducing behaviors.Spouses also can promote each other’s health by providing eac h other with supportive social contact, and they can facilitate or inhibit each other’s social contact with supportive others. Evidence suggests that health is greatly advanced by supportive social contacts, including positive interaction with relatives, friends, coworkers and acquaintances. Recent experimental data shows that persons with more diverse social networks are more resistant to experimentally introduced upper respiratory (呼吸的)viruses than persons with less diverse social networks.Spouses can also promote each other’s health by providing each other with money income, and they can help each other manage money income effectively. Money does not buy health directly, but it can be used to purchase goods and services that make good health more likely. These goods and services include nutritious food, a hygienic and safe environment, medical care, and amenities that reduce psychological stress. Unless estranged or unusually wealthy, husbands and wives almost always share their financial resources and purchases and consume many of these health-promoting goods and services jointly. In short, there are many ways in which spouses can influence each other’s probability of good health.1. What is the passage mainly about?A. How can spouses promote each other’s health.B. The spouse’s probability of future healthC. Effects of spouse’s employment and hours of work on each other’s health.D. Spouses influence each other in various ways.2. According to the author, what is the most effective way for the husband to reduce psychological stress?A. to talk to other person.B. to go to see psychiatrist.C. to enjoy.D. to talk with his wife.3. Which one is the suitable summary of paragraph 1?A. Spouse’s influence is of vital importance to each other’s health.B. Spouse’s influence has nothing to do with health.C. Healthy spouses will remain health after their marriage.D. There are a variety of socially mediated factors.4. How can money make good health?A. Money can buy health directly.B. Spouses can manage money income effectively.C. Money can provide spouses with goods and services, which is likely to make good health.D. Husbands and wives share everything.5. Which of the following is likely to make spouses in ill health?A. Positive interaction with relatives.B. Appropriate physical exercise.C. Few social networks.D. Nutritious food.IV. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.1. Don’t make a fuss about such a small thing bec ause that is the last thing I expected.2. Something shiny in the grass caught my eye.3. If you have not signed a contract, you are under no obligation to pay them any money.4. Will their good intentions become realities or hollow promises?5. The manufacturer will have to repair that watch free of charge - it's still under guarantee.V. Translate the following sentences into English.1. 有些父母选购神童故事给孩子看，希望孩子将来有一天会出人头地。
大学体验英语综合教程第三版第一单元4
Global warming may be the most harmful environmental problem human beings have created, and the most difficult to solve. Our 1)_____________ powered by the fossil fuels that cause global society is largely 2)________ warming. Its growing consequences — ecological disruption, floods, droughts, disease — are convincing more and more people that we greenhouse pollution. must cut down 3)___________
Check up 3rd time
Third time
• Plant a warming tree. Trees “6)_________” dioxide, but only problem as long Global may be the most carbon harmful environmental as they’re living. 1)____________ have created, and the most difficult to solve. Our • Install low-flow shower heads and faucets. You’ll use less than half society is largely 2)________ by the fossil fuels that cause global the water without 7)_____________________. warming. Its growing consequences — ecologicalThen, disruption, floods, • Buy energy-efficient electronics and appliances. turn them off droughts, disease when they’re not— in are use.convincing more and more people that we • Reduce! Reuse! Recycle! Recycling must cut down 3)___________ pollution. a stack of newspapers only 8)______________ will save a good sized tree. Many people global warming a problem too large andyour too • Mount a local view 9)_________ againstas global warming. Educate 4)_______ for anything they to 5)________________. community about how tocan cutdo greenhouse gas pollution. However, Support measures the local that increase energy in reality, thereat are lotsnational of thingsand we can dolevels to stop, or at least to reduce it. efficiency, and that 10)__________ the use of clean, renewable solar and wind technology.
大学体验英语综合教程4 Unit1课文翻译及课后答案
Unit 1无名英雄：职业父亲意味着什么？在我们的孪生女儿出生后的第一次“约会”时，我和丈夫一起去看了一部名为《玩具故事》的电影。
我们很喜欢这部片子，但随后我丈夫问道：“父亲在哪儿呢？”起初我还认为因为一个小小的失误而批评一部很吸引人的家庭影片似乎是太偏狭了。
可后来越想越觉得这一疏忽太严重了。
父亲不仅没有出现，他甚至没有被提到——尽管家中有婴儿，说明他不可能离开太长时间。
影片给人的感觉是，父亲出现与否似乎是个极次要的细节，甚至不需要做任何解释。
新闻媒体倾向于把父亲的边缘化，这只是一个例子，它反映了在美国发生的巨大的社会变化。
大卫?布兰肯霍恩在《无父之国》一书中将这种倾向称之为“无需父亲”观念。
职业母亲（我想这应是与无职业母亲相对而言的）奋斗的故事从媒体上无尽无休地轰击着我们。
与此同时，媒体上绝大多数有关父亲的故事又集中表现暴力的丈夫或没出息的父亲。
看起来似乎父亲惟一值得人们提及的时候是因为他们做家务太少而受到指责的时候（我怀疑这一说法的可靠性，因为“家务”的定义中很少包括打扫屋顶的雨水沟、给汽车换机油或其它一些典型地由男人们做的事），或者是在他们去世的时候。
当布兰肯霍恩先生就“顾家的好男人”一词的词义对父亲们进行调查时，许多父亲都回答这一词语只有在葬礼上听到。
这种“无需父亲”综合症的一个例外是家庭全职父亲所受到的媒体的赞扬。
我并非暗指这些家庭全职父亲作出的承诺不值得人们的支持，我只是想指出在实际生效的双重标准：家庭全职父亲受到人们的赞扬，而家庭全职母亲和养家活口的父亲，所得到文化上的认同却很少，甚至完全得不到。
我们用来讨论父亲角色（即没出息的父亲）的话语本身就显示出人们对大多数男人默默无闻而自豪地履行对家庭承担的责任缺乏赏识。
我们几乎从来没听到“职业父亲”这一说法，在人们呼吁应该考虑给予工作者在工作地点上更大的灵活性时，很少有人认为这种呼吁不但适用于女子，同样也适应于男子。
我们这个社会表现出似乎家庭职责对父亲来说并不象对母亲那么重要——似乎事业上的满足就是男人生活的全部。
大学体验英语综合教程4 U1
• What is the job situation like in China? Is it the same as or A secretary An engineer different from / to the situation mentioned in the passage? A nurse
Check up 3rd time
Third time In Britain, people tend to make jokes about some jobs or professions, or to 1)_______ stereotyped views of them. For example, sailors are 2)__________ to have a “wife” in every port, university professors are often seen as 3)______________ or forgetful. There are a lot of dirty jokes about sales representatives, and they are generally regarded as not particularly 4)___________. Other jobs may be wellpaid or very 5)___________, but the general public think they are funny or rather 6)_______. For instance, in most other European countries 7)______________________________________________. Funnily enough, in Britain engineers are thought of as gloomy rather than cheerful 8)_________________________________________________ __________.
大学体验英语综合教程基础目标上册第四版Unit 1
大学体验英语综合教程基础目标上册第四版Unit 1 Text A我在哈佛的第一周新生迈进哈佛校园的第一天，据说总是令人兴高采烈，激动不已。
这的确也是我来到哈佛第一天的真实写照。
父母陪着我开车驶过主校门进入校园时，那柔和的阳光透过绿树间隙照射在具有历史意义的砖墙建筑物上。
沾满晨露的绿草在阳光下闪闪发光。
我凝视着车窗外面的迷人景色，自忖“最幸运的新生不过如此了！”我们来到了卡纳迪公寓—我的宿舍楼。
我和四个女孩同住在四室一厅的套房里。
这个套房在顶楼，天花板很高，上面有天窗。
从卡纳迪公寓到餐厅和上课的教室，都只需要两分钟的路程。
我很喜欢自己的室友。
我们各自的背景、种族、宗教信仰和兴趣爱好都完全不同。
这也反映出哈佛引以为豪的“多样性”。
第一周，幸亏有这样四个可称为朋友的女孩相伴，帮助我顺利度过了到哈佛后的这段调整适应期。
这一周有许多重要的抉择需要我来做，而没有父母和好友的帮助，有时我会感到十分艰难。
选课是第一步。
在哈佛，新生唯一的必修课是说明文写作。
这一年，我实际上可以选修我想学的任何课程，而且课程的门类出奇地多！我该如何选择呢?庆幸的是哈佛允许新生在“选课周”里到课堂试听。
上课时间和平时一样，我们可以试听任何想选修的课程，多少不限。
如果我最后决定选修某一门课程，我就要完成“选课周”里布置的所有功课。
另外，如果我试听了一门选课表上看似很好的课程，却发现这门课并不适合我，或教授讲课枯燥乏味，我可以决定不选修这门课！同样艰难的是在众多的运动队、出版社团、乐队、戏剧社或俱乐部中做出选择。
到底该参加哪一个呢?在哈佛，就餐肯定也是新生最关注的事情之一。
不仅是一日三餐吃什么——吃的都是美味。
更值得一提的是就餐的环境真的很好。
我们的餐厅更像是一个教堂或博物馆。
桌子、椅子、地板、墙壁，还有高高的天花板都是用华丽的深色木料制作的，油漆得精光锃亮。
而且，大厅里悬挂着枝形吊灯，墙上镶嵌着明亮的彩色玻璃窗，厅里到处可见哈佛历史名人的雕塑和画像。
大学体验英语综合教程4unit
1
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Review
Line 19: The quest for profit stands in opposition to everything that is moral, fair, decent, and charitable.
追求利润就会和任何道德，公平，体面和仁慈的事情背道而驰.
At the meeting, the two sides had a hot debate. The reformers put forward many reforming measures, but conservatives were in opposition to the proposed changes.
Contemporary 当代的Ruthless 冷酷的Downright 明显的Wickedness 邪恶的Portrayal 描述，肖像Immortal 不朽的Utility 利用Compassion 同情Commendable 称赞的Commencement 毕业典礼Testimonial 证明书Derail 毁坏Capture 捕获Quip 妙语
General Reading (Para 9-10)
How do the contemporary media define business?
01
What do Stephen Covery and Tom Peter think of business morality?
02
Get away with
Unit 5
202X
简约营销工作总结
Look at the following pictures and describe: What is happening? Can you describe to your partner any story related to the picture?What do they imply?
大学体验英语综合教程课后答案解析Unit
Unit 1> Caring for Our EarthPassage A（三）、1.Answer: A tree frog has taken up residence in my studio.Answer: He stopped and turned around and just sat there looking at me.2.Answer: Possibly the tone of my computer sounded to him like other treefrogs.3.Answer: Frogs were dying around the world.Answer: Frogs were being found whose skin was like paper.Answer: Frogs are an “indicator species”.4.Answer: The frogs have a message for us.Answer: We must be the adults for the planet.Answer: There are no boundaries, that there is no more time.（四）、Answer: greenhouse residence communicate wired humming message sensitivity indicator（五）、Answer: 1. d 2. a 3. b 4. e 5. c 1. tone threatening 2. sensitivity smell 3. affected climate 4. tap resources 5. concerns environment（六）、Answer: 1. subtle 2. were overtaken 3. species 4. decades 5. boundaries 6. audio 7. directly 8. focus 9. tone 10. cupped（七）、Answer: 1. at that rate 2. For the sake of 3. come to 4. by hand 5. vice versa（八）、1. 年轻人有时会抱怨无法和父母沟通。
大学体验英语综合教程4课后习题答案
翻译Unit 11、随着职务的提升，他担负的责任也更大了。
(take on)With his promotion, he has taken on greater responsibilities.3、闲暇时玛丽喜欢外出购物，也她相反，露西却喜欢待在家里看书。
(as opposed to)Mary likes to go shopping in her spare time, as opposed to Lucy, who prefers to stay at home reading.5、我们已尽全力想说服他，但是却毫无进展。
(strive,make no headway)We have striven to the full to convince him, but we have made no headway.Unit 21、宪法规定公民享有言论自由。
（provide for）The Constitution provides for citizen’s freedom of speech.3、我们早在会阅读之前就已经掌握了一些词汇。
(long before)We have learned some words long before we can read.5、新税法不是要惩罚富人，而是要给穷人以公平和机会。
(rather)The new tax law is not to punish the rich. Rather it is to bring justice and opportunity to the poor.Unit41、我爷爷虽然70岁了，但他的爱好广泛，从下国际象棋到爬山，多种多样。
(range from ... to)My grandfather’s interests range from playing chess to climbing mountains although he is 70 years old.3、他大公无私的精神和天赋使他适合担当大多数学生梦想得到的那项工作。
新标准大学英语综合教程4原文
新标准大学英语综合教程4原文Unit 1。
Text A。
Pre-reading Activities。
First Listening。
First Listening。
1. What do you know about the Chinese New Year?2. What is your favorite festival, and why?3. What do people do to celebrate the Chinese New Year?4. What do you think is the most important festival in China?5. What do you know about the custom of giving red packets during the Chinese New Year?Text A。
The Chinese New Year is the most important festival for the Chinese people and is when all family members get together, just like Christmas in the West. All people living away from home go back, becoming the busiest time for transportation systems of about half a month from the Spring Festival. Airports, railway stations and long-distance bus stations are crowded with home returnees.The New Year's Eve and the first three days of the New Year are the peak time for celebrations. People in northern China eat dumplings, and people in southern China eat rice cakes. People in the north enjoy the tradition of eating dumplings on New Year's Eve. They eat dumplings at midnight, which symbolizes driving away the old and welcoming the new. In the south, people eat rice cakes on the first day of the New Year. Thepronunciation of "cake" in Chinese is the same as that of "height" and "promotion", so eating rice cakes symbolizes growth, progress, and promotion year by year.During the Spring Festival, the most popular activity is the dragon and lion dances. Every morning, people light firecrackers to welcome the New Year. The first day is for the welcoming of the gods of the heavens and earth. People burn incense and paper money to worship their ancestors. The second day is for married daughters to visit their birth parents.The fifth day is called Po Wu, and people stay home to welcome the God of Wealth. The sixth day is for visiting relatives and friends. The seventh day is everyone's birthday. People eat noodles to celebrate, as noodles symbolize longevity. The fifteenth day is the Lantern Festival. People eat yuanxiao, a kind of sweet dumpling made of glutinous rice flour, which symbolizes family unity and prosperity.The Chinese New Year is a time of family reunion. No matter how far away people are, they will come back to their hometown to celebrate the festival. The Chinese New Year is not only a time for family reunion, but also a time for people to rest and relax. It is a time for people to enjoy themselves after a year of hard work. The Chinese New Year is a time for people to look forward to the future, and it is a time for people to make wishes for the coming year.Post-reading Activities。
大学体验英语综合教程4课后习题及答案
Unit 11 .Taxes are an obligation which may fall on everybody.2 .We applauded the authority's decision not to close the hospital.3 .The doctor's instructions must be fulfilled exactly; the sick man's life depends on it.4 .Do these opinion polls really mirror what people are thinking?5 .I prefer to think of memorization as a stepping-stone to flexibility in use of words and phrases.6 .In her office memos she tended to devalue the work done by her staff.7 .The history of railroad transport has partly been a history of striving for greater efficiency and profit8. He took on the new post without having the faintest idea of what it entailed .9 .He is supposedly one of the greatest experts in that field.10. Absolute secrecy is essential. Consequently,the fewer who are aware of the project the better.1 .This period is usually refer to as the postwar period.2 .It would be a setback at best if we were denied the use of their software.3. We make people mentally old by retiring them, and we may even by the same token make them physically old.4. I know that the public at large aren't interested in this issue.5 .My sister was always hold up to me as a model child.1.随着职务的提升，他担负的责任也更大了。
大学体验英语综合教程4（第三版）期末考试练习题
Unit1 1.随着职务的提升，他担负的责任也更大了。
(take on)With his promotion, he has taken on greater responsibilities. 2.他感到没有必要再一次对约翰承担这样的责任了。
(make a commitment)He felt he did not have to make such a commitment to John any more. 3.闲暇时玛丽喜欢外出购物，与她相反，露茜却喜欢待在家里看书。
(as opposed to)Mary likes to go shopping in her spare time, as opposed to Lucy, who prefers to stay at home reading. 4.说得好听一些，可以说他有抱负，用最糟糕的话来说，他是一个没有良心(conscience) 且没有资格的权力追求者。
(at best, at worst)At best he 's ambitious, and at worst a power-seeker without conscience or qualifications. 5.我们已尽全力想说服他，但是却毫无进展。
(strive, make no headway)We have striven to the full to convince him, but we have made no headway. 1. Taxes are a(n)which may fall on everybody. 2. We the authority's decision not to close the hospital.3. The doctor's instructions must be exactly; the sick man's life depends on it.4. Do these opinion polls really what people are thinking?5. I prefer to think of memorization as a stepping-stone to in use of words and phrases. 6. In her office memos she tended to the work done by her staff.7.The history of railroad transport has partly been a history of for greater efficiency and profit.8. He took on the new post without having the faintest idea of what it .9.He is one of the greatest experts in that field.10.Absolute secrecy is essential. , the fewer who are aware of the project the better.Answer: 1. obligation 2. applauded 3. fulfilled 4. mirror 5. flexibility 6. devalue7.striving8. entailed9. supposedly10. Consequently 1. Some people do, and some people do not, believe in of opportunity.2. He bravely a great loss from the death of his father. 3. Police have still found no as to the whereabouts of the missing woman.4. In designing a bridge, one must allow for in hot weather.5. One of the workmen was for his always being drunk.6. When boundaries between countries are not clearly, there is usually trouble.7. Gardening is outside the of my activities.8. She said that the hat made me look silly, but perhaps that was grapes.9. The newspapers are full of such news nowadays as crime, natural disasters, and rising prices.10.The of the world into developed and underdeveloped nations is a gross simplification.Answer: 1. equality 2. sustained 3. clue 4. expansiveness 5. sacked 6. defined7.sphere8. sour9. depressing10. division Unit2 1.宪法规定公民享有言论自由。
大学体验英语综合教程4(第三版)课后习题及答案
Unit 11 。
Taxes are an obligation which may fall on everybody。
2 .We applauded the authority’s decision not to close the hospital。
3 。
The doctor’s instructions must be fulfilled exactly; the sick man's life depends on it。
4 .Do these opinion polls really mirror what people are thinking?5 。
I prefer to think of memorization as a stepping-stone to flexibility in use of words and phrases.6 .In her office memos she tended to devalue the work done by her staff.7 .The history of railroad transport has partly been a history of striving for greater efficiency and profit8。
He took on the new post without having the faintest idea of what it entailed。
9 .He is supposedly one of the greatest experts in that field。
10。
Absolute secrecy is essential。
Consequently，the fewer who are aware of the project the better.1 。
This period is usually refer to as the postwar period.2 .It would be a setback at best if we were denied the use of their software.3. We make people mentally old by retiring them，and we may even by the same token make them physically old.4. I know that the public at large aren’t interested in this issue.5 .My sister was always hold up to me as a model child.1.随着职务的提升，他担负的责任也更大了.With his promotion , he has taken on greater responsibilities。
大学体验英语综合教程4
UNIT11. Taxes are an (obligation 义务，责任) which m ay fall on everybody.2. We (applauded 赞同) the authority's decision not to close the hospital.3. The doctor's instructions m ust be (fulfilled 履行) exactly; the sick m an's life depends on it.4. Do these opinion polls really (m irror 反射) what people are thinking?5. I prefer to think of m em orization as a stepping-stone to (flexibility 灵活性) in use of words and phrases.6. In her office m em os she tended to (devalue 使-贬值) the work done by her staff.7. The history of train transport has partly been a history of (striving 努力) for greater efficiency and profit.8. He took on the new post without having the faintest idea of what it (entailed 使承担) .9. He is (supposedly 可能) one of the greatest experts in this field.10. Absolute secrecy is essential .(Consequently 所以) , the fewer who are aware of the project the better.11. This period is usually (referred to as 把-称作) the post-war period.12. It would be a setback (at best 至多) if we were denied the use of their software.13. We m ake people m entally old by retiring them, and we m ay even (by the sam e token 同样的) make them physically old.14. I know that the public (at large 一般) aren't interested in this issue.15. My sister was always (held up举出) to m e (as 做例子) a m odel child.UNIT21. By the age of 20, Mozart had written som e ten operas and was well prepared for the dem anding audiences that (awaited 等候) him in Vienna.2. After only three years in the Am erican m arket, our US sales there (have overtaken 追上) those in Japan. .3. Earthquakes (pose 造成) such serious danger to the country that Japan has becom e a world leader in earthquake prediction, earthquake-proof construction techniques, and disaster preparedness by both civil defense forces and the general public.4. Am erican artists often took their (cues 暗示) from European literary salons and art schools, and cultured Americans traveled to Europe to becom e educated.5. A series of body explosions (has underm ined 损害) all the hopes for a peaceful solution in the Middle East.6. When he realized the police had (spotted 看出) him, the m an made for the exit as quickly as possible.7.Many of the scientists and engineers are (judged 判断) in terms of how great their achievem ents are.8. A person who m oves to a house on a busy street m ay initially be (distracted 分散) every tim e a loud vehicle drives by but after a m onth he will becom e used to it.9. These publishers all depended on the favor of the English crown for their existence, and so they only published materials that did not (offend 冒犯) royalty.10. They will seek to persuade others that they are m oral in the accepted sense of the term in order to (mask伪装) their m otives to gain the awards.11. This work has (brought out 引出) the best in him even though he is not as good usually.12. He likes all winter sports (with the exception of 除了-之外) skiing because he thinks skiing is too dangerous.13. During the last 20 years, com puting power has doubled about every 18 m onths (thanks to 由于) the creation of faster m icroprocessors, the incorporation of m ultiple m icroprocessor designs, and the developm ent of new storage technologies.14. Don't let yourself be (taken in 被欺骗) by those advertisem ents, which offers false information and mislead you.15. During the years following World War II, the United States and the former Soviet Union engaged in efforts to construct intercontinental ballistic missiles (capable of 能够) traveling thousands of m iles armed with nuclear warheads.UNIT31. Priests thought angrily that the soldiers (violated 违反) the church by using it as a stable.2. We (derive)派生的knowledge not only from books, but also from practice.3. Yesterday I was caught in the rain, so now m y nose is all (blocked 妨碍) up and I can hardly breathe.4. The (default 默认值) system in this lap-top com puter is W indows XP.5. He further (rationalize)找借口his activities by convincing himself that he was actually prom oting environm ental protection.6. The saxophonist (quoted引用) the Kenny G m elody Going Hom e in his solo.7. Through an exciting bid for building the bridge, we won the (exclusive)唯一的contract in the end.8. She immediately called an officer at the Naval Intelligence Service, who in turn (contacted 接触) the FBI.9. After he reported the truth, he received many (anonym ous 匿名的) letters and phone calls.10. --Do they (charge 要价) for the use of the telephone?--Yeah! Half yuan per m inute!11. Whether you go on with your study or not (is up to 由-决定) you.12. Yesterday the heavy fog (resulted in 导致) a car crash on the highway.13. He (was charged with)被控告driving a car while under the influence of alcohol.14. It (was unlikely) 不可能做for him to tell her the truth that her son died in the war, because her husband just left this world last m onth.15. Who are in charge of (handing out 提出 ) these leaflets?UNIT41.It is well-known that photographic paper is highly sensitive 敏感的to light.2.The first part of Law School Admission Test evaluates skills in reading com prehension,in figureclassification 分类and in the evaluation of written m aterial.3.Because they are not sufficiently 十分literate and job-prepared,som e young people can not hold a job for long.4.The boss m anaged to steer 引导the discussion away from the subject of m oney and into the topic of environm ent protection.5.Sam’s familiarity 熟悉with pop m usic is so astonishing that he can sing pop songs.6.His car broke down on the way and consequently 因此he was late for the m eeting.7.One reward 回报of doing this social work is that I can learn to be independent.8.Mary has got all the right qualifications 资格for the job but is temperamentally unsuitable for it.9.As college students,we should have a comm and of the fundam entals 基本原则of not only social sciences but also natural science.10.The personnel m anager said that he could not evaluate 评价 Mike's ability without actually seeing him at work11.Our trip eas a disaster.As for 就-方面the hotel,it was very dirty,wet,and cold.12.All of the participants are trained to focus their minds on聚焦details.13.Students of psychology will benefit greatly from受益于the study of literature as it provides insights into human behavior.UNIT51.I have to question the （m orality 道德）of forcing poor people to pay for their m edical treatment.2.Nothing will stop them in their（quest 追求）for truth.3.I think the way she’s been treated is a(n)（downright 完全的）disgrace.4.He（advocated 主张) taking a m ore long-term view.5.The writer, as well as his（contemporaries 当代的）, was interested in the sam e subjects.6.She says he’ll com e back, but she’s (deceiving 欺骗) herself.7.Som e people think that uncontrolled econom ic growth and environm ental stability are m utually (exclusive 高级的).8.He got ten years in prison for withholding evidence and (obstructing 阻塞) the course of justice.9.Two of the soldiers were killed and the rest were (captured 骗得).10.A guilty (conscience 良心) prevented her from sleeping at night.11. After a few years as a doctor he left the profession and (took to 开始从事) journalism.12. His family (goes back 追溯) to the tim e of Norm an Conquest.13. It is often easier to m ake plans than to (carry)them (out) 执行.14. In defence of his policy, the Minister (pointed to 指出) the sharp decrease in road deaths.UNIT61.There were joyous celebrations all over the country, with parades and the ringing of church bells to honor the great (achievem ent 成就) .2.Your（self-esteem自尊）is your good opinion of yourself o your respect for yourself.3. It is a (prim itive 早期的) instinct to flee a place of danger.4. Later, som e of his findings (aroused 激起) m uch popular interest in his book.5.She （identified 被认可）herself with the campaign against drag abuse.6. The issue has caused great tension between the two countries and could lead to a m ilitary (confrontation 对抗) .7.Your statem ent is in（conflict 冲突）with the rest of evidence.8. Most of the students have already felt the pressure of (soaring 翱翔) inflation.9. Dozens of hom es have had to be (abandoned 丢弃) as the sea has crept farther and farther inland.10.After he won the amateur championship,he return him self to a （professional 专业的）boxer.11. Go ahead with it, and we will stand by you (through thick and thin)同甘共苦 .12. Last Sunday evening we went to the school playground to (root for 支持) the school football team.13. The new evidence (backed up 支持) m y argum ent that they took advantage of the chance. .14. The garden has (belonged to 属于) our fam ily for a long tim e.15. For 12 years, we've sought to (stave off)避开this ultimate threat of disaster.UNIT71. Adams took a (succession) of jobs which have stood him in good stead.2. Is this eye-disease still (prevalent) am ong the population here?3. Older drivers are m ore likely to be seriously injured because of their (fragile) bones.4. The accident in Russia (generated) a lot of public interest in nuclear power issues.5. If we'd all work together, I think we could (accom plish) our goal.6. He was still charming, cheerful, and (graceful) even under pressure.7. The bank has (imposed) very strict conditions on the repaym ent of the loan.8. His m ade-up confident m anner is really just a way of hiding his feeling of (insecurity) .9. With the rapid developm ent of the Internet, a computer becom es a(n) (indispensable) piece of equipment for any office.10. Since it was published in the 1970s, the book has received considerable critical (acclaim) .11. The tension was naturally high for a gam e with so m uch (at stake) .12. She still (clings to) the belief that her son is alive.13. I finished m y work at five, but I'll (hang on) until half past five to m eet you.14. After 50 years of successful operation, he (turned)the business (over) to his youngest son.15. The scientist (referred to) the discovery (as) the m ost exciting new developm ent in this field.UNIT81. Though he caught a cold, he didn't hesitate to jump into the water to (rescue)解救the child from drowning.2. Young people in Asia take quite a (fancy)喜爱to Valentine's Day cards.3. The (potential)潜在的sales of the new air-conditioners are great because of their new design and high technology.4. The (dilemma 困境) the doctor faced was whether he should tell the patient the truth.5. We are (restricted)限制to 30 m iles an hour in built-up areas.6. He is a (descendant)后代of the early settlers in America.7. The intelligent and beautiful girl always becom es the object of the young m an's (affections).8. We can find various (sam ples)样本of subjects for the experim ent.9. Dam ages caused by the flood (were assessed估计) at one m illion dollars, which was a great loss for the local people.10. Com paring the original poem with the Chinese (version 翻译), one m ay find that som e charm of the poem has been lost.11. The leader's idea (has taken root) 生根in minds of his followers so they always observe and carry out his directions of their own will.12. It (turned out) 结果是that he was never there. He went back on his prom ise to be present on the spot on tim e.13. They talked a lot to one another, over the telephone and (in person)亲自his , which was helpful in prom oting their m utual understanding and maintaining their long-lasting friendship.14. He often (ran into)陷入debt, although he has a decent salary. That’s why his wife always com plained of his being able to support the family and finally left him.15. If you let m e choose, I would (prefer)喜欢 a bunch of flowers (to)甚于a Barbie Doll as m y birthday gift. 句子翻译U11.随着职务的提升，他担负的责任也更大了。
大学体验英语综合教程课文翻译
Unit1 蛙的故事最近发生了几桩怪事儿; 我在北威斯康星州的树林中有一座小木屋;是我亲手搭建的,前面还有一间花房;住在里面相当惬意;实际上我是在户外做音频制作和环境方面的工作--作为干这一行的工具,我还装备了一间带电脑的工作室;还有一只树蛙也在我的工作室中住了下来;去年十一月,我第一次惊讶地发现他只是这样称呼罢了,事实上我并不知道该称“他”还是“她”坐在电脑的音箱上;我把他放到花房里去,认为他呆在那儿会更舒服一些;可他又跑回来呆在原地;很快我就习惯了有他做伴,清晨我上网查收邮件和阅读新闻的时候,他也在一旁关注这个世界;可上周,我突然对这个爬上爬下的“小绿人或小灰人”产生了好奇心;于是有一天,我正在工作室里干活,电脑嗡嗡作响;当树蛙从我面前爬过时,我不得不停止工作;他停下了并转过身来,坐在那儿看着我;好吧,我也干脆停下来望着他;五个月了,他一直这样陪着我;我突然有一股强烈的欲望想了解他：为什么他要呆在这儿而不乐意呆在花房里我认为对树蛙来说,花房显然要舒适得多;“你为什么呆在这儿”我情不自禁地问他;我目不转睛地盯着他,他也直视着我;然后我听到一种叮咚声;这种声音似乎一下子就进入了我的大脑中枢,因为它和电脑里发出来的声音十分接近;在那个声音里我听到树蛙对我“说”：“因为我想让你明白”;唷,太不可思议了;“明白什么”我脑海中突然跳出了这个问题;然后经过短暂的体验这种交流之后,我觉得我已经理解了树蛙待在这儿的原因;我开始理解树蛙只是想听到其他同类的叫声并并与之交流;或许他误以为计算机发出的声音就是其他树蛙在呼唤他;真是有趣;我继续工作;我正在写一个关于全球气候变化的故事;有个朋友刚好发过来一份传真,说地球的温度正以每十年度的速度上升;我知道,照这种速度下去,每年春天我都爱去提取树浆的这片枫林,到我孩子的那一代就将不复存在;我的故乡美丽的威斯康星州也会在下一代变成一片草原; 此刻,树蛙从我脚背跳过去站在电脑前的地板上;然后他伸出手来从后面拢起左耳凝神倾听,接着他又站在电脑前伸出右手拢起另一支耳朵;他这样转动着脑袋,聆听那个声音,非常专心致志;他的皮肤起了微妙的变化,呈现出一种亮丽的绿色,然后他就用尽全力跳到电脑上; 我猛然想起去年在收音机里听到的一则关于青蛙的消息,说是全世界的青蛙正在死亡;消息说因为青蛙的皮肤就像是一个内里朝外的肺,所以正在受到污染和全球气候变化的影响;据说已经发现有些青蛙的皮肤已变得像纸一样干瘪;还说青蛙是一个"物种指示器",由于对环境敏感,这个物种会先遭灭顶之灾; 这时我明白了;青蛙向我们传递了一个信息;一些头脑清醒的人士也曾向我们传递过同样的信息,那就是"我们别无选择;"我们已经进入了关键时刻,为了人类的子孙后代,也为青蛙,我们必须对这个星球负起主人的责任;因为我们休戚相关;我还明白了我们之间没有界限,明白了时间的紧迫;为了我们的亲人,我们必须马上行动起来;于是我明白了这只青蛙此行的目的,也知道自己在这儿该做些什么;Unit4 且慢,神奇医生塞韦里诺·安蒂诺里是一个富有的意大利医生,在他名下有一连串治疗不育症的私人诊所;他喜欢观看足球比赛,自称为天主教的忠实信徒,然而梵蒂冈对他的研究却不感兴趣;在他的诊所里,安蒂诺里已能给患者提供天下所有的试管受精治疗,但对某些夫妇,他仍然无能为力;因此,这个被意大利人称作神奇医生的人现在打算克隆患者本人来帮助他们得到迫切想要的孩子;当然这就引起了轩然大波,宗教领袖群起而攻之,认为这是对人类尊严的玷污,同时其他科学家也出来抨击他的克隆计划;尽管在此之前安蒂诺里已多次提到过他的远大志向,但这次不同的是他好像是要动真格的了;与安蒂诺里志趣相投的美国科学家加入了他的克隆冒险试验;上周在罗马举行的一次新闻发布会上,他们宣布已有上百对夫妇自愿成为实验对象;七年前,安蒂诺里由于使用捐赠的卵子帮助高龄妇女成功生育,顿时名声大噪;随后,他率先使用老鼠为生殖力低下的男子培育精子;很显然,他不是一位普通的科学家,而是一个爱出风头的人;他靠论争而成名,并将生殖学推到了极限;为此他便理所当然地被视为危险人物;然而,他利用克隆技术来战胜不育症的想法并不是想象的那样不可理喻;很多人还难以理解利用克隆进行生育的意义,但对某些夫妇而言,他们想要一个携带自己基因的孩子,克隆技术是他们唯一的希望;就这点而言,与安迪诺瑞观点一致的科学家或许是正确的,他们指出我们没有充分的理由来反对作为医疗手段的克隆生育技术;将来我们也许会改变观点并允许在特殊的情况下使用克隆技术.但前提条件是要等到科学发展成熟之后,而这才是问题的实质;克隆羊多利出生五年了,克隆技术却一直见不到曙光;克隆的失败率令人震惊,高达97%,畸形婴儿屡见不鲜;即使克隆成功了,也无人能理解其究竟;所以我们先别去争论复杂的伦理道德;在最基本问题得到澄清之前就开展人体克隆,简直就是浪费时间和精力;这并不是说安蒂诺里定会失败,问题仅仅在于即使他成功了,代价也许会高得让人难以接受;将会浪费大量的卵子和胚胎,很多妇女将经历怀孕的艰难过程,而结果却是流产或堕胎;从现在算起几年以后,技术将会有长足的进步,无谓的损失就会极大地降低;然而,在现阶段要想阻止生育克隆,似乎任何人对此都几乎无能为力;这不仅仅是安蒂诺里和他的团队热衷于这项研究,还有一个叫做雷利安的宗教组织相信克隆是实现永生的关键,并声称已经拥有了必要的卵子捐赠者和自愿接受移植胚胎的人;那末,制定更加严厉的法律又将如何呢虽然目前在很多国家移植克隆的人类胚胎是非法的,但是绝不是所有的地方都会禁止;禁止克隆很有可能会使其转入地下,而不是将其根除;因为秘密研究会引起问题,安蒂诺里和他的团队拒绝透露他们将把哪个国家作为研究基地;不管人们喜欢与否,克隆研究仍将进行下去;迟早我们将要做出抉择：对克隆研究进行规范是否比强行禁止更为有利;当然安蒂诺里会主张对克隆进行规范;他相信人们定会摆脱由克隆生育带来的情感冲突,将其作为另一种试管受精技术,这只是时间上的问题;上周他说道,一旦第一个克隆婴儿呱呱坠地,全世界一定会欢迎他的到来;但是,如果第一个克隆婴儿不健康、畸形,或者只是千百个克隆胎儿中的唯一幸存者,世界绝不会接受他;过早抢先开始克隆实验,神奇医生和他的同事们的确面临着极大的风险;如果他们的直觉出错,对克隆技术乃至对整个科学事业的冲击将是灾难性的;Unit5 无言以对几周前我乘坐出租车,司机通过后视镜看着我说：“对不起,小姐,能帮个忙吗”精明老练的城里人都知道,对诸如“能帮个忙吗”这样的问题,回答永远应该是“那要看是什么忙了;”而我却高声地说：“当然可以;”“谢谢”他说,并向后排座递过来一张黄纸条;我盯着纸条,疑心顿起：难道他在开玩笑抑或是威胁纸条上是手写的工工整整几个小字：proverb,peculiar,idiomatic;“请问,这几个字是什么意思”我沮丧地看着纸条上的字,就好像在晚会上你盯着几个以前曾经见过的面孔,却怎么也想不起他们的名字;ProverbPeculiarIdiomatic我怎么会知道会用一个词是一回事儿,会解释可是另外一回事儿;于是我故意转移话题;“这些字是哪儿来的”司机解释说他是巴基斯坦人,开车时喜欢听收音机,经常把不熟悉的、精彩的词随手记下来,然后向乘客询问他们的意思和拼法;“Peculiar,这个词什么意思”他问;这个我知道;“指奇特、古怪,经常带点儿怀疑的意味,”我说;“谢谢您,小姐;那么,idiomatic呢”我清清嗓子,说：“嗯,它是指,嗯,它是语言的一种独特运用;”我自以为“独特”一词用得很妙,他却一脸的迷惑;这是在提示我,如果对方没有明白,这词儿就不能算用得妙;“啊,这么说吧,idiomatic和idiom有关,而idiom是指一个国家的某一特定地区或一个民族的某一特定人群使用的词,该地区以外的人,不属于这个群体的人一般不用或不明白它的用法;”看着他迷惑不解的样子,我不知用什么恰当的词才好,只好继续解释下去,似乎一千个模糊的词加起来可以等于一个准确的定义;“你能举个例子吗”我绞尽脑汁地想：“围观塞车,”这是个独特的芝加哥惯用语;可这算得上名副其实的惯用语吗我不得而知;我越想惯用语,就越没有把握说清楚惯用语到底是什么“那么proverb呢”我本该当时就告诉这个可怜的人,我的解释也许会误导他对谚语真正含义的理解,但我却说：“我觉得谚语就是一种警语,但又不完全是;”“一种什么”“算了,别管它,谚语是给人们以警示的短小精悍的句子;”“比如说……”当我在脑海里拼命地搜索时,记价器上的数字又跳了20美分;最后我低声说：“欲速则不达”但它算是谚语吗且慢,谚语是否应该是些小故事而并非短语呢我还在掂量谚语可能就是小故事时,他又问：“那惯用语是谚语吗”这我可以回答,但不是在此时;因为此时这一回答至关重要,一个好奇聪明的外国移民以为他所期待的答案会从一个本国人的口中自然而然地脱口而出,就好像十月的树叶会自然地落下来一样;因此我退却了;“你请乘客给你解释词意的时候,他们大多都会给你答案吗”“会的,小姐,很有意思的解释;”直到那时,我一直在为这位司机学习英语的执着而感动,陶醉于能有机会与一个充满好奇心的人一起来满足自己对语言词语的好奇心,却未能充分意识到在这辆出租车上可能犯下的语言欺诈错误;我几乎不敢想象这位司机听到的是什么样的蹩脚英语,因为像我这样的懦夫不敢坦白地承认：“我对自己的母语并不懂;”我只能希望像他这样好奇的人会有一本字典,希望他能明白,不论乘客如何解释,发生围观塞车时,欲速则未必不达;Unit6 开罗的女出租车司机她叫娜格特;我第一次见到她是在开罗机场;一个女出租车司机——在一大群男伙伴中唯一干这一行的女性;你知道在深夜到达一个陌生的城市是一种什么感受吗没有任何人,甚至没有一缕阳光来迎接你;当我步出机场时,迎面而来的是成群的出租车司机——在全世界所有的机场都有众多出租车司机四处转悠;在开罗,出租司机人更多,更喧闹;“出租车”“你要出租车吗”我耳边充斥着这些声音;我感到一只有力的手抓住了我的左臂;“你需要出租车,跟我来”那个女人说;她什么都没有问,只是拉着我穿过人群;我顺从地跟着她;一个旅游者,特别是一个妇女,有些时候就不得不信赖某个人;我们来到一辆破旧的小车前;这辆车的风光已过——如今车身上有不少擦伤,轮胎磨得光秃秃的,挡风玻璃上还有一道裂缝;但它的确是一辆出租车;而且这个女人将亲自开车送我;她把我的包搬进行李箱,上好锁,然后坐在驾驶座上;这时我才松了一口气;“我会开车送你;别担心,”她说;娜格特向我解释说,她每周开几个昼夜的出租车;她另有一份工作,在办公室任职,但语焉不详;这辆破旧的小车不是她的,而是一个老板的;只要有可能,她就向他租来开;自从十来年前她丈夫撒手人寰,留下两个十多岁的孩子和她的双亲之后,她就一直开出租车养家糊口;她熟知开罗的每一个角落——这并非一日之功;开罗迷宫般的大街小巷、居民区、集市所构成的复杂体系,宛如古代说书人编造的迷津;数百座清真寺——其中许多是伊斯兰建筑的精华,紧紧挤在一起的的老街区,郊外巨大的公寓楼群,静静流淌的尼罗河穿城而过——所有这些组成了这座过于拥挤的城市;娜格特熟谙人情,略带幽默;她全权负责我的观光日程安排;每天早上9点正,我都能看见她矮壮的身影准时出现在旅馆大厅外;每当她瞥见我走下楼梯,她圆圆的脸上马上会绽放出灿烂的笑容;几乎每天她都穿着一件土黄色的带风帽的斗蓬;她动作利索,从不浪费任何时间;她做事果断似乎是由于经济条件所迫而养成的习惯,不得不尽可能多做些事情;随着她开车带我从博物馆到金字塔,从城市的一端到另一端,我很快就发现她卓尔不群;每当我们停下来,喝一杯茶小憩或到达一个历史景点--在这些地方的停车场总是男出租车司机云集之处--无论何处,她总是引人注目;男人们走向她的车,脸上充满了疑惑;正如她告诉我的那样,他们首先都会问quot;你是开出租车的吗"经过她简短的解释,我看见那些男人脸色缓和下来,微笑着,尊重而和善地与她聊天;这种场面多次出现;我感觉到,她总是能赢得遇到她的人的友情;娜格特自尊并自立;有一天,我看见她在博物馆外等我的时候,从出租车行李箱里取出备用轮胎--有一个磨秃的轮胎终于瘪了--准备自己换轮胎;几个好奇的旁观者围上来,还有人愿意帮忙--但是不,她不需要任何人帮忙;她麻利而从容地换好了轮胎,用瓶装水洗过手,然后坐进车里,问我："现在去哪儿"如果你有机会去开罗机场,记得到国际迎客厅外去找她;如果你幸运的话,你就有机会通过一个女出租车司机的眼睛去看看开罗;。
大学体验英语综合4_教程习题答案[整理版]
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精简答案大学体验英语-综合教程4 Unit11．随着职务的提升，他担负的责任也更大了。
With his promotion,he has taken on greater responsibilities.2．他感到他没有必要再一次对约翰承担这样的责任了。
He felt he did not have to make such a commitment to John any more.3．闲暇时玛丽喜欢外出购物，与她相反，露西却喜欢呆在家里看书。
Mary likes to go shopping in her spare time, as opposed to Lucy,who prefers to stay at home reading.4．说好听一点,可以说他有抱负，用最糟糕的话来说，他是一个没有良心或没有资格的权力追求者。
At best he’s ambitious,and at worst a power-seeker without conscience or qualifications.5．我们已经尽全力想说服他，但是却毫无进展。
We have striven to the full to convince him ,but we have m ade n o h eadway.大学体验英语-综合教程4 Unit2Read and translate 81．要是他适合当校长，那么哪个学生都可以当。
He is no more fit to be a headmaster than any schoolboy would be.2．至于她的父亲，她不敢肯定他是否会接收她和她的小孩。
As for her father ,she is not sure whether he will accept her and her baby.3．晚睡会损害健康而早睡早起有益于健康。
Staying up late will undermine one’s health while going to bed early and getting up early will benefit it.4．大使亲自向总理转达了总统的问候。
大学体验英语综合教程4_课文原文
Unit1. The Unsung Heroes: What About Working DadsOn our first "date" after our twin daughters were born, my husband and I went to see the movie Toy Story. We enjoyed it, but afterward my husband asked, "Where was the dad" At first, it seemed petty to criticize an entertaining family movie because of one small point. The more I thought about it, however, the more glaring an omission it seemed. Not only was dad not around, he wasn't even mentioned - despite the fact that there was a baby in the family, so dad couldn't have been that long gone. It was as if the presence- or absence - of a father is a minor detail, not even requiring an explanation.This is only one example of the media trend toward marginalizing fathers, which mirrors enormous social changes in the United States. David Blankenhorn, in his book Fatherless America, refers to this trend as the "unnecessary father" concept.We are bombarded by stories about the struggles of working mothers (as opposed to non-working mothers, I suppose). Meanwhile, a high proportion of media stories about fathers focus on abusive husbands or deadbeat dads. It seems that the only time fathers merit attention is when they are criticized for not helping enough with the housework (a claim that I find dubious anyway, because the definition of "housework" rarely includes cleaning the gutters, changing the oil in the car or other jobs typically done by men) or when they die. When Mr. Blankenhorn surveyed fathers about the meaning of the term "good family man," many responded that it was a phrase they only heard at funerals. One exception to the "unnecessary father" syndrome is the glowing media attention that at-home dads have received. I do not mean to imply that at-home dads do not deserve support for making this commitment. I only mean to point out the double standard at work when at-home dads are applauded while at-home mothers and breadwinner fathers are given little, if any, cultural recognition.The very language we use to discuss men's roles ., deadbeat dads) shows a lack of appreciation for the majority of men who quietly yet proudly fulfill their family responsibilities. We almost never hear the term "working father," and it is rare that calls for more workplace flexibility are considered to be for men as much as for women. Our society acts as if family obligations are not as important to fathers as they are to mothers - as if career satisfaction is what a man's life is all about.Even more insulting is the recent media trend of regarding at-home wives as "status symbols" - like an expensive car - flaunted by the supposedly few men who can afford such a luxury. The implication is that men with at-home wives have it easier than those whose wives work outside the home because they have the "luxury" of a full-time housekeeper. In reality, however, the men who are the sole wage earners for their families suffer a lot of stresses. The loss of a job - or even the threat of that happening - is obviously much more difficult when that job is the sole source of income for a family. By the same token, sole wage earners have less flexibility when it comes to leaving unsatisfying careers because of the loss of income such a job change entails. In addition, many husbands work overtime or second jobs to make more needed money for their families. For these men, it is the family that the job supports that makes it all worthwhile. It is the belief that having a mother at home is important to the children, which makes so many men gladly take on the burden of being a sole wage earner.Today, there is widespread agreement among researchers that the absence of fathers from households causes serious problems for children and, consequently, for society at large. Yet, rather than holding up "ordinary" fathers as positive role models for the dads of tomorrow, too often societyhas thrown up its hands and decided that traditional fatherhood is at best obsolete and at worst dangerously reactionary. This has left many men questioning the value of their role as fathers.As a society, we need to realize that fathers are just as important to children as mothers are - not only for financial support, but for emotional support, education and discipline as well. It is not enough for us merely to recognize that fatherlessness is a problem - to stand beside the grave and mourn the loss of the "good family man" and then try to find someone to replace him (ask anyone who has lost a father though death if that is possible). We must acknowledge how we have devalued fatherhood and work to show men how necessary, how important they are in their children's lives.Those fathers who strive to be good family men by being there every day to love and support their families - those unsung heroes - need our recognition and our thanks for all they do. Because they deserve it.Unit2. Why Digital Culture Is Good for YouThe news media, along with social and behavioral scientists, have recently sent out a multitude of warnings about the many dangers that await us out there in cyberspace. The truth of the matter is that the Web is no more inherently dangerous than anything else in the world. It is not someamorphous entity capable of inflicting harmful outcomes on all who enter. In fact, in and of itself, the Web is fairly harmless. It has no special power to overtake its users and alter their very existence. Like the old tale that the vampire cannot harm you unless you invite it to cross your threshold, the Internet cannot corrupt without being invited. And, with the exception of children and the weak-willed, it cannot create what does not already exist...(1) Like alcohol, the Web simply magnifies what is already there: Experts are concerned that the masking that goes on online poses a danger for everyone who is a part of the Digital Culture. Before we know it, the experts tell us, we will all use fake identities, become fragmented, and will no longer be sure of just who we are. Wrong. The only people who feel compelled to mask, and otherwise misrepresent themselves online are the same people who are mysterious and unfrank in "real life"...the Net just gives them one more tool to practice their deceit.As for the rest of us, getting taken in by these people is a low probability. We know who these folks are in the "real world". The Internet does not "cause" people to disguise as something they are not. As for the Digital Culture getting cheated by these dishonest folks, well, there are just as many "cues" online to decipher deception as there are in the "real world". The competent WebHead can recognize many red flags given off by the online behavior of others. Oftentimes the intentions of fellow users is crystal clear, especially over time.When someone is trying to deceive us online, inconsistencies, the essence that they are trying "too hard" or are just plain unbelievable, often come through loud and clear. Likewise, just like in the "real world", a host of other unacceptable tendencies can be readily recognized online. Narcissism (it's all about "meeeee"), those people who have nothing but negativity or unpleasant things to say about others, and those who feel compelled to undermine others and who think they must blow out the other guys' candles in order for their own to shine can be spotted a cybermile away.(2) The Web can bring out the best in people: Gregarious, frank folks in "real life" usually carry these same traits over to their online life. Most are just as fun-loving online if not more so, as they are at a party, at work, or at the local bar. Though admittedly, some are not quite as much fun to be around without a stiff drink.Shy folks have a "safer" environment online than in the "real world" and can learn to express themselves more freely on the Net (you've never seen anyone stutter on e-mail, have you) allowing them to gain confidence and communication skills that can eventually spill over into other aspects of their lives. Helpful people in "real life" are often just as willing to come to someone's assistance online as anywhere else.(3) People are judged differently on the Web: On the Internet people are judged by their personality, beliefs and online actions, NOT by their physical appearance. This is good. It not only gives ugly folks an aid, but causes Beautiful People to have to say something worth listening to in order to get attention.(4) People open up more: Many people are opening up a whole lot more these days since they are not required to use their real name and provide their real identity in the Internet.(5) We're connected: Members of the Digital Culture know full well that there is a wealth of important information and life-changing opportunities out there in cyberspace. The Web has opened doors for many of us that otherwise would never have been an option. Research possibilities and networking are just two such opportunities.(6) We Learn the Power of Words and to be Better Listeners: With no facial expressions, body language, or physical appearance to distract us, members of the Digital Culture have learned thepower of words ... both their own, and others'. We know very well how a simple string of words can harm, hurt and offend, or how they can offer humor, help, support and encouragement. Most experienced members of the online culture have learned to become wordsmiths, carefully crafting the words they use to convey exactly what they mean so as not to be misunderstood.Many of us have also learned to become far better listeners thanks to the Internet. Not only do we choose our words more carefully but we (especially those who communicate via email as opposed to chat rooms) are forced to wait until the other person finishes before we can speak or respond.Unit3. Big Myths About Copyright"If it doesn't have a copyright notice, it's not copyrighted." This was true in the past, but today almost all major nations follow the Berne copyright convention. For example, in the USA, almost everything created privately and originally after April 1, 1989 is copyrighted and protected whether it has anotice or not. The default you should assume for other people's works is that they are copyrighted and may not be copied unless you know otherwise. There are some old works that lost protection without notice, but frankly you should not risk it unless you know for sure.2) "If I don't charge for it, it's not a violation." False. Whether you charge can affect the damages awarded in court, but that's the main difference under the law. It's still a violation if you give it away - and there can still be serious damages if you hurt the commercial value of the property. There is an exception for personal copying of music, which is not a violation, though courts seem to have said that doesn't include wide-scale anonymous personal copying as Napster. If the work has no commercial value, the violation is mostly technical and is unlikely to result in legal action.3) "If it's posted to Usenet it's in the public domain." False. Nothing modern is in the public domain anymore unless the owner explicitly puts it in the public domain. Explicitly, as you have a note from the author/owner saying, "I grant this to the public domain."4) "My posting was just fair use!" The "fair use" exemption to .) copyright law was created to allow things such as commentary, parody, news reporting, research and education about copyrighted works without the permission of the author. That's important so that copyright law doesn't block your freedom to express your own works. Intent and damage to the commercial value of the work are important considerations. Are you reproducing an article from the New York Times because you couldn't find time to write your own story, or didn't want your readers to have to pay for the New York Times web site They aren't "fair use". Fair use is usually a short excerpt.5) "If you don't defend your copyright you lose it." - "Somebody has that name copyrighted!" False. Copyright is effectively never lost these days, unless explicitly given away. You also can't "copyright a name" or anything short like that, such as almost all titles. You may be thinking of trademarks, which apply to names, and can be weakened or lost if not defended. Like an "Apple" computer. Apple Computer "owns" that word applied to computers, even though it is also an ordinary word. Apple Records owns it when applied to music. Neither owns the word on its own, only in context, and owning a mark doesn't mean complete control.6)"If I make up my own stories, but base them on another work, my new work belongs to me." False. . Copyright law is quite explicit that the making of what are called "derivative works" - works based on or derived from another copyrighted work - is the exclusive province of the owner of the original work. This is true even though the making of these new works is a highly creative process. If you write a story using settings or characters from somebody else's work, you need that author's permission. 7)"They can't get me, defendants in court have powerful rights!" Copyright law is mostly civil law. If you violate copyright you would not be charged with a crime, but usually get sued.8) "Oh, so copyright violation isn't a crime or anything" Actually, recently in the USA commercial copyrightviolation involving more than 10 copies and value over $2500 was made a felony. So watch out. On the other hand, this is a fairly new, untested statute. In one case an operator of a pirate BBS that didn't charge was acquitted because he didn't charge, but congress amended the law to cover that. 9) "It doesn't hurt anybody - in fact it's free advertising." It's up to the owners to decide if they want the free ads or not. If they want them, they will be sure to contact you. Don't rationalize whether it hurts the owners or not, ask them. Usually that's not too hard to do. Even if you can't think of how the author or owner gets hurt, think about the fact that piracy on the net hurts everybody who wantsa chance to use this wonderful new technology to do more than read other people's flamewars.10) "They e-mailed me a copy, so I can post it." To have a copy is not to have the copyright. All theE-mail you write is copyrighted. However, E-mail is not unless previously agreed. So you can certainly report on what E-mail you are sent, and reveal what it says. You can even quote parts of it to demonstrate. Frankly, somebody who sues over an ordinary message would almost surely get no damages, because the message has no commercial value, but if you want to stay strictly in the law, you should ask first. On the other hand, don't go nuts if somebody posts E-mail you sent them. If it was an ordinary non-secret personal letter of minimal commercial value with no copyright notice (like % of all E-mail), you probably won't get any damages if you sue them.Unit4The study of literature is not only civilized and civilizing —encompassing, as it does, philosophy, religion, the history of events and the history of ideas — but popular and practical. One-sixth of all those who receive bachelor’s degrees from the College of Arts and Sciences are English majors. These graduates qualify for a surprising range of jobs. Their experience puts the lie to the popular superstition that English majors must choose between journalism and teaching: in fact, English majors also receive excellent preparation for future careers in law, medicine, business, and governmentservice.Undergraduates looking forward to law school or medical school are often advised to follow a strict regimen of courses considered directly relevant to their career choices. Future law-school students are advised to take courses in political science, history, accounting, business administration — even human anatomy, and marriage and family life. Future medical school students are steered into multiple science courses —actually far more science courses than they need for entrance into medical school. Surprisingly, many law schools and medical schools indicate that such specialized preparation is not only unnecessary, but undesirable. There are no "pre-law" courses: the best preparation for law school — and for the practice of law — is that preparation which makes a student capable of critical thinking; of clear, logical self-expression; of sensitive analysis of the motives, the actions, and the thoughts of other human beings. These are skills which the study of English is designed to teach.Entrance into law school, moreover, generally requires a bachelor’s degree from an accredited institution, a minimum grade point average, and an acceptable score on the Law School Admission Test This test has three parts. The first evaluates skills in reading comprehension, in figure classification, and in the evaluation of written material. The second part of the test evaluates control of English grammar and usage, ability to organize written materials, and competence to edit. The third part evaluates the student’s general knowledge of literature, art, music, and the natural and social sciences. Clearly an undergraduate major in English is strong preparation for theAs for medical schools, the main requirement for admission is only thirty-two hours of science courses. This requirement is certainly no impediment to a major in English. Moreover many medical schools require a minimum score on the Medical College Admissions Test, another test which offers an advantage to the well-rounded liberal arts student. The evaluates four areas of competence: skill with synonyms, antonyms, and word association; knowledge of basic mathematics from fractions through solid geometry; general knowledge of literature, philosophy, psychology, music, art, and the social sciences; and familiarity with those fundamentals of biology, chemistry, and physics taught in high school and in introductory college courses. The English major with a solid, basic grounding in science is well prepared for this test and for medical school, where his or her skills in reading, analysis, interpretation, and precise communication will equip him or her to excel. The study and practice of medicine can only benefit from the insights into human behavior provided by the study of literature. Such insights are obviously also valuable to the student who plans a career in commerce. Such students should consider the advantages of an English major with an emphasis in business: this program is designed to provide a liberal education, as well as to direct preparation for a business career. The need for such a program is clear: graduates with merely technical qualifications are finding jobs in business, but often failing to hold them. Both the Wall Street Journal and the Journal of College Placement have reported that increasing numbers of graduates from reputable business schools find themselves drifting from one job or firm to another, unable to hold a position for longer than twelve months. Employers complain that these apparently promising young men and women are simply not competent communicators: because they are not sufficiently literate, they cannot absorb managerial training; they cannot make effective oral presentations; they cannot report progress or problems in their writing; they cannot direct other workers. Skill in analysis and communication is the essence of management.Consequently the English major with an emphasis in business is particularly well prepared for a future in business administration. Nearly four hundred companies in fields ranging from banking andinsurance to communications to manufacturing were asked whether they hired college graduates with degrees in English, even when those graduates lacked special training in the industry: Eighty-five percent of the companies said that they did. College graduates with degrees in English are working successfully in marketing, in systems engineering, in personnel management, in sales, in programming, in project design, and in labor relations.English majors are also at work in the thousand occupations provided by government at all levels. Consider, for example, the federal government—by a very wide margin, America’s biggest employer. In organizations ranging from the Marine Corps to the Bureau of Mines, from the Commerce Department to the National Park Service, the federal government employs a work force of nearly three million men and women. English majors may qualify for many of these jobs. Recently, 51 federal agencies were asked the same question: whether they hired college graduates with English degrees but without special job training, 88 percent of these federal employers said yes. The list of federal positions for which English majors may qualify ranges from Claims Examiner to Foreign Service Officer to Highway Safety Management Specialist. Again, those who seek positions of high reward and responsibility may be asked to take a test —the federal government uses the Professional and Administrative Career Examination, or to evaluate applicants for about 10,000 jobs each year — and again, the test focuses on language skills: comprehension, analysis, interpretation, the ability to see logical relationships between ideas, and the ability to solve problems expressed in words. Not surprisingly, competent English majors often receive very high scores on theIn short, a major in English is neither restricting nor impractical: the study of English is excellent preparation for professional life.Unit5. The Moral AdvantageHow to Succeed in Business by Doing the Right ThingAs for the moral advantage in business, of all places, everyone knows a modicum of ethics is called for in any business - you can't cheat your customers forever and get away with it. But wouldn't it be more advantageous if you actually could get away with it Profits would soar out of sight! Then you would really have an advantage, or so the thinking might go.The notion of seeking the moral advantage is a new way of thinking about ethics and virtue in business, an approach that does not accept the need for trade-offs between ambition and conscience. Far from obstructing the drive for success, a sense of moral purpose can help individuals and companies achieve at the highest - and most profitable - levels.Cynicism dominates our attitudes about what it takes to succeed in business. A common way of thinking about morality in business goes something like this:Ethical conduct is an unpleasant medicine that society forces down business people's throats to protect the public interest from business avarice.Morality gets in the way of the cold, hard actions truly ambitious Skepticism people must take to reach their goals.Moneymaking is inevitably tainted by greed, deceit, and exploitation.The quest for profits stands in opposition to everything that is moral, fair, decent, and charitable. Skepticism about moneymaking goes back a long way. The Bible warns that it's harder for a rich man to enter the kingdom of heaven than for a camel to pass through the eye of a needle. "Behind every great fortune," wrote French novelist Honoréde Balzac in the 1800s, "lies a great crime." British author G. K. Chesterton sounded the same theme in the early 20th century, noting that a businessman "is the only man who is forever apologizing for his occupation."The contemporary media often characterize business as nothing more than a self-serving exercise in greed, carried out in as corrupt and ruthless a manner as possible. In television and movies, moneymaking in business is tainted by avarice, exploitation, or downright villainy. The unflattering portrayals have become even more pointed over time. In 1969, the businessman in Philip Roth's Goodbye, Columbus advises the story's protagonist, "To get by in business, you've got to be a bit of a thief." He seems like a benignly wise, figure compared with Wall Street's 1980s icon, Gordon Gekko, whose immortal words were "Greed is good."Yet some important observers of business see things differently. Widely read gurus such as Stephen Covey and Tom Peters point to the practical utility of moral virtues such as compassion, responsibility, fairness, and honesty. They suggest that virtue is an essential ingredient in the recipe for success, and that moral standards are not merely commendable choices but necessary components of a thriving business career. This is a frequent theme in commencement addresses and other personal testimonials: Virtuous behavior advances a career in the long run by building trust and reputation, whereas ethical shortcomings eventually derail careers. The humorist Dorothy Parker captured this idea in one of her signature quips: "Time wounds all heels.So who's right --- those who believe that morality and business are mutually exclusive, or those who believe they reinforce one another Do nice guys finish last, or are those who advocate doing well by doing good the real winners Is the business world a den of thievery or a haven for upstanding citizens With colleagues Howard Gardner at Harvard University and Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi at Claremont Graduate University, I've examined this question by interviewing 40 top business leaders, such as McDonald's CEO Jack Greenberg and the late Washington Post publisher Katharine Graham, between 1998 and 2000 as part of our joint "Project on Good Work." We found that a strong sense of moral purpose not only promotes a business career but also provides a telling advantage in the quest to build a thriving enterprise. In fact, a sense of moral purpose stands at the center of all successful business innovations. Far from being a constraining force that merely keeps people honest and out of trouble, morality creates a fertile source of business motivation, inspiration, and innovation.This is different from the view of morality you'll encounter in a typical business-ethics course. It's so different that I now speak about moralities, in the plural, when discussing the role of virtue and ethics in business. Morality in business has three distinct faces, each playing its own special role in ensuring business success.Unit6. Is It Healthy to Be a Football SupporterWhy Fans Know the ScoreDie-hard football fans hit the heights when their team wins and reaches the depths of despair when they lose. Scientific studies show the love affair with a team may be as emotionally intense as the real thing, and that team clashes have gladiatorial power.What's going on Why do fervent fans have hormonal surges and other psychological changes while watching games Why does fans' self-esteem soar with victory and plummet in defeat, sometimes affecting their lives long afterwards Why do people feel so drawn to form such deep ties to teams Is avidly rooting for a team good or bad for your health You may find the answers surprising.THE FAN'S PERSONALITYPsychologists often portray die-hard fans as lonely misfits searching for self-esteem by identifying with a team,2 but a study suggests the opposite. It reveals that football fans suffer fewer bouts of。
大学体验英语综合教程1第二版课后答案全
大学体验英语综合教程1第二版课后答案全Unit1 college life学无止终考的最后一天，东部一所的大学里，一群大四的工科生聚集在一幢教学楼的台阶上，谈论着即刻就要开始的考试。
他们脸上都充满自信。
在参加即将到来的毕业典礼和从事未来的工作前，这是他们最后一门考试。
他们有的谈起了已经找到的工作，有的则谈论着要找的工作。
4年的大学学习给了他们全部的自信，使他们觉得自己足以征服世界。
眼前这场考试，不过是小事一桩。
这门课的教授已经说过，除考场上不能交头接耳外，允许他们带任何书或笔记到考场。
考生们依次进入考场，心情轻松而愉快。
当教授把考卷发给在座的考生后，学生们脸上的笑容更加灿烂，因为考卷上只有五道论述题。
她扫视着一张张焦虑的脸问道：“5道题答完的有多少？”没人举手。
“答完4道的有多少？”还是没有人举手。
“完成3道题的？2道题的？”考生们有些坐不住了，不安地动了动。
“那么，有没有写完一道题的？我想总有人做完一道题吧！”考场里还是一片寂静。
教授放下手中的考卷，说：“果真不出我所料。
”“我只是想让你们牢牢记住，即使你们已经学完了4年工科课程，在这个领域里，你们还有很多东西不懂。
在你们今后的日常工作中，类似于今天考卷上你们无法回答的问题很常见。
”接着，她微笑着补充说：“你们都会通过考试，但是请记住，即使你们现在已经毕业了，你们的学习才刚刚开始。
”多年后，这位老师的姓名已经被淡忘，但她的教诲却深深地刻在记忆中。
五、长难句解析1. On the steps of one building, a group of engineering seniors huddled, discussing the exam due to begin in a few minutes. (Para. 1)→解析：engineering seniors指工科专业的第四年级的学生。
discussing 是非谓语结构，引导伴随状语。
2. On their faces was confidence. (Para. 1)→解析：On their face. 英语句子中重点强调的内容多位于句尾，本句强调confidence（自信）所以用倒装形式则非常恰当。
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Where does Thursday come before Wednesday?
I begin with T and end with T, and I am full of T.
What am I?
Unit 1
• Watch the video clip the Male Nanny and then discuss the following questions.
• These unsung heroes
• The more I thought about it, however, the more glaring an omission it seemed.
Paraphrase
The more I thought about the absence of the father in the movie, the more I became aware of the seriousness of the failure to mention the father. 可后来越想越觉得这一疏忽太严重了。
3. What’s the author’s attitude (态度) toward this criticism (批评)?
• She found it dubious (怀疑).
4. In Para 4, what is the double standard at work?
• At-home dads are applauded while at home mothers and breadwinner fathers are given little recognition.
• Petty (adj.) small or trivial; unimportant; insignificant
• 不要担心，这只不过是个小问题。 • Don’t worry. It’s only a petty problem.
批评 炫目的，耀眼的 省略 忽视，边缘化 巨大的，相当多的 轰炸 虐待的，滥用的 游手好闲者 怀疑的 排水沟
• Syndrome • Deserve • Commitment • Applaud • Appreciation • Flexibility • Obligation • Insult • Symbol • Flaunt
Para. 7-9 Emphasis on “necessary father” concept
Para. 3-6 Elaboration on “unnecessary father”
concept
• Criticize • Glaring • Omission • Marginalize • Enormous • Bombard • Abusive • Deadbeat • Dubious • Gutter
• The society has thrown up its hands and decided that traditional fatherhood is at best obsolete (过时) and at worst dangerously reactionary.
7. Those fathers who are there to love and support their families -- _________-- deserve our recognition and thanks.
症状 应得，应受 承诺 赞同，鼓掌喝彩 欣赏 灵活性 义务，责任 侮辱 象征，标志 炫耀
• Supposedly • Luxury • Entail • Burden • Consequently • Obsolete • Reactionary • Mourn • Devalue
可能，按照推测 奢侈品 必需，使承担 负担 因此，结果 陈旧的，老式的 反动的 哀悼 贬值，降低…的价值
• Do you think fathers are as important to children as mothers are? Why or why not?
• What’s the image of a “good family man”?
Para. 1-2 Introduction of “unnecessary acts as if _______is what a man’s life is all about.
• Career satisfaction
6. Why do many men question the value of their role as fathers?
2. The only time fathers get attention in media stories is _____________________________
• When they are criticized for not helping enough with the housework or when they die.
1. Why does the author want to mention the omission of the father in the movie “Toy Story”?
• To show an example of the media trend toward marginalizing fathers in the US.
• Do you think Nanny is an exclusive job for women?
• If so, what jobs do you think are exclusive for women or men?
Why is it so difficult for a girl to find a job?