Whitman_惠特曼_作品_介绍_英文版
草叶集 英文版
草叶集英文版In the literary annals of the United States, the "Leaves of Grass" by Walt Whitman stands as a monumental work, a collection of poems that revolutionized American poetry. Its influence extends far beyond the borders of the United States, reaching global audiences through its various translations, including the English edition. The English version of "Leaves of Grass" not only preserves the essence of Whitman's original work but also introduces a new dimension of understanding and appreciation to international readers.The essence of Whitman's poetry lies in its celebration of life, nature, and the individual. His poems are a testament to the resilience and diversity of American culture, reflecting the spirit of the frontier and the promise of a new nation. The English translation of "Leaves of Grass" captures these themes, making them accessible to a wider audience. The language is vivid and evocative, transporting readers to the vast landscapes and rich cultural tapestry of Whitman's vision.The translation of "Leaves of Grass" into English was a momentous occasion, marking a significant milestone in the history of literary translation. It was not just alinguistic exercise; it was an act of cultural exchange and understanding. The English edition introduced Whitman's unique voice and perspective to a global audience, sparking interest and debate among scholars and readers alike.The impact of the English version of "Leaves of Grass" is felt in various ways. It has influenced generations of writers and poets, inspiring them to explore new themes and techniques. The work's emphasis on individuality and self-expression has resonated with readers seeking to express their own identities and experiences. The poetry's celebration of nature and the beauty of the world has also been a source of inspiration for environmentalists and conservationists.The English edition of "Leaves of Grass" has also contributed to the global dissemination of American literature. Its popularity abroad has helped shape the perception of American culture and values in international forums. The work's themes and images have become part ofthe global literary canon, influencing writers and thinkers across the globe.In conclusion, the English version of "Leaves of Grass" is not just a translation; it is a bridge between cultures, a medium for understanding and appreciation. It preservesthe essence of Whitman's original work while introducingnew dimensions of meaning and significance to international readers. The influence of this translation is felt in the realm of literature, culture, and global understanding, making it a vital part of the literary landscape.**《草叶集》：英文版之魅力与传播**在美国文学史上，沃尔特·惠特曼的《草叶集》是一部具有里程碑意义的作品，这部诗集革命性地改变了美国诗歌的面貌。
惠特曼的草叶集简介(英文)
Leaves of Grass: Subjects and Style
Whitman's poetry is democratic in both its subject matter and its language. We see Whitman breaking new ground in both subject matter and diction. Subjects: the new America; himself The stated mission of his poetry was, in his words, to make "[a]n attempt to put a Person, a human being (myself, in the latter half of the 19th century, in America) freely, fully, and truly on record."
Leaves of Grass
The critical and popular response to Leaves of Grass was mixed and bewildered. The majority of the readers who happened to have come upon the book seem to have been simply indifferent.
Leaves of Grass: Subjects and Style
Whitman's great subject was America, but he wrote on an expansive variety of smaller subjects to accomplish the task of capturing the essence of this country. Some of his many subjects included slavery, democracy, the various occupations and types of work, the American landscape, the sea, the natural world, the Civil War, education, aging, death and immortality, poverty, romantic love, spirituality, and social change.
草叶集(中英对照版)第三卷歌唱自我(第四十二节)
Leaves of Grass Book 3. Song of Myself(42)byWalt Whitman草叶集第三卷歌唱自我(第四十二节)沃尔特·惠特曼著飘在风中的人译LEAVES OF GRASS草之叶Come, said my soul,来吧，我的灵魂说道，Such verses for my Body let us write, (for we are one,)为了我的肉体，让我们写下这些诗，（因为我们是密不可分的整体）That should I after return,这样如果以后我将归来，Or, long, long hence, in other spheres,也许，在很久，很久以后，在另外的星体或空间，There to some group of mates the chants resuming,在那里朝着某一群伙伴，我将把这些颂歌重新颂唱，(Tallyi ng Earth’s soil, trees, winds, tumultuous waves,)（把地球的土壤、树木、风儿和汹涌波浪逐一地清点）Ever with pleas’d smile I may keep on,我会带着喜悦的微笑永不放弃，Ever and ever yet the verses owning—as, first, I here and now永永远远地把这些诗篇拥有——就像此时此刻的我一样，首先，Signing for Soul and Body, set to them my name,为了灵魂和肉体而签下名字，把我的名字嵌在它们上面。
Walt Whitman沃尔特·惠特曼BOOK III第三卷S ONG OF M YSELF (42)歌唱自我(第四十二节)42A call in the midst of the crowd,这是从人丛的中央传出一声呼唤，My own voice, orotund sweeping and final.它是发自我自己的声音，宏大，横扫一切，决定了一切。
《我自己的歌》沃尔特·惠特曼（WaltWhitman）
《我自己的歌》沃尔特·惠特曼（WaltWhitman）1819年，惠特曼生于现今长岛，南亨亭顿附近的一个农舍中，他在九个兄弟姐妹中排行第二。
1823年，惠特曼一家移居到纽约布鲁克林区。
惠特曼只上了6年学，然后开始做印刷厂学徒。
惠特曼基本上是自学的，他特别喜欢读霍默、但丁和莎士比亚的作品。
在做了两年学徒以后，惠特曼搬到纽约市，并开始在不同的印刷厂工作。
1835年，他返回长岛，在一所乡村沃尔特·惠特曼学校执教。
1838年至1839年期间，他在他的家乡办了一份叫做《长岛人》的报纸。
他一直教书直到1841年，之后他回到纽约并当了一名记者。
他也在一些主流杂志上担任自由撰稿人，或发表政治演讲。
惠特曼的政治演讲引起了坦慕尼协会的注意，他们让他担任一些报纸的编辑，但是没有一个工作做的长久。
在他担任有影响力的报纸《布鲁克林之鹰》的两年间，民主党内部的分裂使得支持自由国土党的他离开了工作。
在他尝试为自由国土办报纸的努力失败后，他开始在不同的工作间漂浮。
1841年到1859年间，他共在新奥尔良编辑过1份报纸、纽约2份报纸和长岛四份报纸。
在新奥尔良的时候，他亲眼目睹了奴隶拍卖——当时很普遍的事情。
这时，惠特曼开始着力写诗。
19世纪40年代是惠特曼长期工作的第一个收获期：1841年他出版了一些短篇故事，一年后他在纽约出版了小说《富兰克林·埃文斯》（Franklin Evans）。
第一版的草叶集是他自己付费出版的，出版于1855年，也是他父亲去世的那年。
但是他的诗集由12篇长篇无标题的诗组成。
一年后，在草叶集的第二版，连同爱默生的祝贺信一同被出版。
第二版有20组诗。
爱默生一直企盼着一名新的美国诗人，现在他在《草叶集》中找到了。
在美国内战后，惠特曼在内政部当职员，但是当当时的内政部部长詹姆士·哈兰发现他是“讨厌”的《草叶集》的作者后，他把惠特曼解雇了。
到了1881年的第七版时，由于不断上升的知名度，这版诗集得以畅销。
惠特曼的诗歌英文作文
惠特曼的诗歌英文作文英文：Walt Whitman, one of the most influential poets in American literature, is known for his unique style and themes in his poetry. His works often celebrate the beauty of nature, the value of individualism, and the importance of democracy. Whitman's poetry is characterized by free verse, which is a form of poetry that does not follow a specific rhyme or meter. This allows for a more natural and conversational tone in his writing.One of Whitman's most famous works is "Song of Myself," which is a long and complex poem that explores themes of identity, spirituality, and the interconnectedness of all things. In this poem, Whitman uses vivid imagery and unconventional language to convey his ideas. For example, he often uses metaphors and similes to describe the world around him, such as when he describes himself as "a vast similitude interlocks all" (section 1).Another notable aspect of Whitman's poetry is his use of repetition and lists. He often repeats phrases or words to emphasize their importance and create a sense of rhythm in his writing. For example, in "Song of Myself," he repeats the phrase "I celebrate myself" several times throughout the poem (sections 1, 20, and 52). He also uses lists to create a sense of abundance and inclusivity. In section 6 of the same poem, he lists a variety of people and professions, stating that "the butcher-boy puts off his killing-clothes" and "the young fellow drives the express-wagon."Overall, Whitman's poetry is a celebration of life and humanity. His unique style and themes continue to influence poets and writers today.中文：沃尔特·惠特曼是美国文学中最具影响力的诗人之一，以其独特的风格和主题而闻名。
Whitman-惠特曼-作品-介绍-英文版
• Contemporary American poetry, whatever school or form, bears witness to his great influence.
• During the Civil War ,Whitman worked as a volunteer nurse.
Life
• Whitman died in 1892 because of his bad health ,he was buried in Harleigh(哈利公 墓).
Life
Contribution
• One of the great innovators in American literature.
• He gave America its first genuine epic poem: Leaves of Grass.
• He created the “ Free verse ” : the verse that does not follow a fixed metrical pattern, the verse without a fixed beat or regular rhyme scheme.
3. Special features
>>. The poem is composed of three octaves, that is, four long lines and four short ones, the latter being used as a refrain.
>>. The meter is iambic and the rhyming scheme is roughly represented as aabb cded.
高中英语Unit10 American literature文章 惠特曼 Walt Whitman人
Walt Whitman (1819 - 1892)Walt Whitman was born on May 31, 1819, on the West Hills of Long Island, New York. His mother, Louisa Van Velsor, of Dutch descent and Quaker faith, whom he adored, was barely literate. She never read his poetry, but gave him unconditional love. His father of English lineage, was a carpenter and builder of houses, and a stern disciplinarian. His main claim to fame was his friendship with Tom Paine, whose pamphlet mon Sense (1776), urging the colonists to throw off English domination was in his sparse library. It is doubtful that his father read any of his son's poetry, or would have understood it if he had. The senior Walt was too burdened with the struggle to support his ever-growing family of nine children, four of whom were handicapped.Young Walt, the second of nine, was withdrawn from public school at the age of eleven to help support the family. At the age of twelve he started to learn the printer's trade, and fell in love with the written and printed word. He was mainly self-taught. He read voraciously, and became acquainted with Homer, Dante, Shakespeare and Scott early in life. He knew the Bible thoroughly, and as a God-intoxicated poet, desired to inaugurate a religion uniting all of humanity in bonds of friendship.In 1836, at the age of 17, he began his career as an innovative teacher in the one-room school houses of Long Island. He permitted his students to call him by his first name, and devised learning games for them in arithmetic and spelling. He continued to teach school until 1841, when he turned to journalism as a full-time career. He soon became editor for a number of Brooklyn and New York papers. From 1846 to 1847 Whitman was the editor of the Brooklyn Daily Eagle. Whitman went to NewOrleans in 1848, where he was editor for a brief time of the "New Orleans Crescent". In that city he had bee fascinated with the French language. Many of his poems contain words of French derivation. It was in New Orleans that he experienced at first hand the viciousness of slavery in the slave markets of that city.On his return to Brooklyn in the fall of 1848, he founded a "free soil" newspaper, the "Brooklyn Freeman". Between 1848 and 1855 he developed the style of poetry that so astonished Ralph Waldo Emerson. When the poet's Leaves Of Grass reached him as a gift in July, 1855, the Dean of American Letters thanked him for "the wonderful gift" and said that he rubbed his eyes a little "to see if the sunbeam was no illusion." Walt Whitman had been unknown to Emerson prior to that occasion. The "sunbeam" that illuminated a great deal of Whitman's poetry was Music. It was one of the major sources of his inspiration. Many of his four hundred poems contain musical terms, names of instruments, and names of posers. He insisted that music was "greater than wealth, greater than buildings, ships, religions, paintings." In his final essay written one year before his death in 1891, he sums up his struggles of thirty years to write Leaves of Grass. The opening paragraph of his self-evaluation "A Backward Glance O'er Travel'd Road," begins with his reminiscences of "the best of songs heard." His concluding ments again return to thoughts about music, saying that "the strongest and sweetest songs remain yet to be sung.""When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloomed" and "O Captain! My Captain!" (1866) are two of his more famous poems. A poet who was ardently singing on life and himself, Whitman is today claimed as one of the few truly great American men of letters.。
诗人惠特曼的简介
诗人惠特曼的简介沃尔特;惠特曼被称为“诗歌之父”，他在诗歌上的造诣非常深厚，惠特曼是美国文坛中最伟大的诗人之一，有自由诗之父的美誉。
他的文作在当时实具争议性，尤其是他的著名诗集《草叶集》，曾因其对性的大胆描述而被归为淫秽。
下面是搜集整理的诗人惠特曼的简介，希望对你有帮助。
沃尔特;惠特曼(英语：Walt Whitman，1819年5月31日-1892年3月26日)，美国诗人、散文家、新闻工作者及人文主义者。
他身处于超验主义与现实主义间的变革时期，著作兼并了二者的文风。
1819年，惠特曼生于现今长岛，南亨亭顿附近的一个农舍中，他在九个兄弟姐妹中排行第二。
1823年，惠特曼一家移居到纽约布鲁克林区。
惠特曼只上了6年学，然后开始做印刷厂学徒。
惠特曼基本上是自学的，他特别喜欢读霍默、但丁和莎士比亚的作品。
在做了两年学徒以后，惠特曼搬到纽约市，并开始在不同的印刷厂工作。
1835年，他返回长岛，在一所乡村学校执教。
1838年至1839年期间，他在他的家乡办了一份叫做《长岛人》的报纸。
他一直教书直到1841年，之后他回到纽约并当了一名记者。
他也在一些主流杂志上担任自由撰稿人，或发表政治演讲。
惠特曼的政治演讲引起了坦慕尼协会的注意，他们让他担任一些报纸的编辑，但是没有一个工作做的长久。
在他担任有影响力的报纸《布鲁克林之鹰》的两年间，民主党内部的分裂使得支持自由国土党的他离开了工作。
在他尝试为自由国土办报纸的努力失败后，他开始在不同的工作间漂浮。
1841年到1859年间，他共在新奥尔良编辑过1份报纸、纽约2份报纸和长岛四份报纸。
在新奥尔良的时候，他亲眼目睹了奴隶拍卖;;当时很普遍的事情。
这时，惠特曼开始着力写诗。
19世纪40年代是惠特曼长期工作的第一个收获期：1841年他出版了一些短篇故事，一年后他在纽约出版了小说《富兰克林;埃文斯》(Franklin Evans)。
第一版的草叶集是他自己付费出版的，出版于1855年，也是他父亲去世的那年。
walt whitman典型的日子作品介绍
Walt Whitman典型的日子作品介绍一、概述Walt Whitman（华尔特·惠特曼）被誉为美国文学史上最伟大的诗人之一，他的诗歌以其自由、宏大、激昂的风格著称于世。
而他的典型作品《日子》更是被誉为美国文学的代表作之一，被广泛认为是惠特曼的杰作之一，具有极高的文学价值。
下面将对《日子》的主要内容、风格特点以及对文学的影响进行介绍。
二、《日子》的主要内容1. 《日子》的成书经历《日子》是惠特曼于1855年首次出版的一部作品，这部诗集中包含了惠特曼个人十多年来的创作成果。
他在《日子》中用自由诗的形式，描写了美国普通人的生活、工作和情感。
这部作品被誉为是惠特曼对美国的赞颂和歌颂，是他对自由与民主的理想的呈现。
2. 《日子》的主题和内涵《日子》以自由、平等、爱和民主为主题，体现了惠特曼对人类生活的无尽关怀和热爱。
他以通俗易懂的语言，描绘了美国的自然风光、城市的繁华、以及普通人的生活，其中融入了他对社会的观察、对人类的关怀和对美国理想的追求。
在诗集中，他大胆地表现了个体的尊严和平等，赞美了人类的伟大和生命的活力。
三、《日子》的风格特点1. 自由诗的创新在《日子》中，惠特曼采用了自由诗的写作形式，放弃了传统的韵律和格律，采用了自由的、长短不一的行间式结构。
这种诗歌形式体现了他对言语的自由运用，表达了他的创新精神和实验精神。
2. 大胆赞美的风格惠特曼的诗歌语言大胆、豪放，充满了激情和力量。
他通过生动的描绘和丰富的想象，赞美了美国的自然景观、社会风俗和人民生活。
他的诗歌语言磅礴雄浑，让人们仿佛置身于一个广袤舞台，感受着生命的壮丽与伟大。
3. 民主性的表现在《日子》中，惠特曼表现出了对美国民主理想的坚定信仰，他赞美了美国的自由、平等和民主。
将普通人的生活与国家的命运通联在一起，彰显了他对美国人民的无尽敬意和深厚情感。
四、《日子》对文学的影响1. 对美国诗歌的影响《日子》对美国诗歌产生了深远的影响，它开启了现代美国诗歌的先河，为后来的美国诗人们树立了一个充满激情和豪情的榜样。
惠特曼的草叶集简介(英文)PPT课件
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9
Leaves of Grass: Subjects and Style
Whitman's great subject was America, but he wrote on an expansive variety of smaller subjects to accomplish the task of capturing the essence of this country.
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1
ves of Grass
On July 4, 2005, we celebrated the 150th anniversary of what is possibly the greatest book of American poetry ever written. in 1855, Walt Whitman published his first edition of Leaves of Grass, a slim volume consisting of twelve untitled poems and a preface.
Some of his many subjects included slavery, democracy, the various occupations and types of work, the American landscape, the sea, the natural world, the Civil War, education, aging, death and immortality, poverty, romantic love, spirituality, and social change.
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8
Leaves of Grass
惠特曼
我听见美国在歌唱
我听见美国在歌唱，我听见各种各样的歌， 那些机械工人的歌，每个人都唱着他那理所当然地快乐而又 雄伟的歌， 木匠一面衡量着他的木板或房梁，一面唱着他的歌， 泥水匠在准备开始工作或离开工作的时候唱着他的歌， 船夫在他的船上唱着属于他的歌，舱面水手在汽船甲板上唱 歌， 鞋匠坐在他的凳子上唱歌，做帽子的人站着唱歌， 伐木者的砍，牵引耕畜的孩子在早晨、午休或日落时走在路 上唱的歌，
草叶集
《草叶集》是惠特曼一生创作的唯一一部诗集， 是他一生经验的结晶。整部诗集是一个独立的有 机体，它随着诗人的成长而成长，随着合众国的 发展而发展。诗集的篇幅从首版的14首，增加到 临终版的近400首为止。
《草叶集》既是惠特曼自我心灵发展的史诗，又 是美利坚民族发展、成长的史诗。 《草叶集》涉及的领域十分广泛，思想十分丰 富、庞杂，但其基本的主题可大致归结为：自我、 创造和民主。
1830年，开始自谋生路，在一个小单位当 小职员。 1832年，转到长岛到《爱国者》报社当记 者，后来又当了印刷工人。 此后，他一面在长岛的几所乡村小学教书， 一面给当地的报纸写稿。
1838年，他在亨廷顿办了一份周报《长岛人》。 1839年，他又成为长岛《民主论坛》的撰稿人。 此后的几年中，他先后在纽约的几家报社如《奥罗 拉》、《闲谈》、《民主论坛》等担任记者和编辑。
1846年，他成为布鲁克林《鹰》报的编辑， 此时它已在新闻界同行中颇有声望。 1848年，或许是出于冒险的目的，他离开 了纽约到新奥尔良《新月报》，在新奥尔 良的时候，他亲眼目睹了奴隶拍卖——当 时很普遍的事情。这时，惠特曼开始着力 写诗。
“这是一种感情或野心，想要以文学诗 歌的形式，把处在这个时代以及现代 美国的重要事实，我自己的肉体、情 感、道德、思想以及美感上的个性忠 实地表露出来”。
惠特曼 啊,船长!我的船长!
Oh, Captain! My Captain!---By Walt Whitman
• Captain! my Captain! our fearful trip is done, The ship has weather'd every rack, the prize we sought is worn, The port is near, the bells I hear, the people all exulting, While follow eyes the steady keel, the vessel grim and daring; But O heart! heart! heart! O the bleeding drops of red! 翻译 ： Where on the deck my Captain lies, 啊，船长！我的船长！可怕的航程已经终了， Fallen cold and dead. 我们的船经受了种种考验，追求的目标已经达到，
By Walt Whitman
生平简介
惠特曼（1819～1892），19世纪美国杰出的民主主义诗人、 出生在纽约附近长岛的一个贫苦农民家庭。迫于生活很早 就出外谋生，当过杂役、木匠、排字工人、新闻工作者和 编辑等，他只受过几年初等教育，后来靠自学阅读了大量 世界文学名著，但哺育他成长为时代歌手的，主要还是美 国沸腾的社会生活。他的主要作品有《为了你，民主》、 《大路之歌》、《今天的军营静悄悄》、《起义之歌》、 《啊，法国之星》和散文《民主展望》等。这些诗歌都编 在《草叶集》中，这部优秀诗集成为美国近代文学史上一 座光辉的里程碑，是美国民族文学的典范。 作者在创作过程中，在艺术上进行大胆革新；打破长期以 来诗歌因袭的格律，首创后来称为“自由体”的新诗形式， 即以短句作为韵律的基础，大量采用重叠句、平行句和夸 张的形象语言，并吸收了一部分劳动人民的语汇和少量外 来语，大大提高了诗歌的表现力
美国诗人惠特曼简介及作品赏析
Fallen cold and dead. Oh Captain! my Captain! rise up and hear the bells; Rise up -for you the flag is flung -for you the bugle trills, For you bouquets and ribbon'd wreaths-for you the shores crowding, For you they call, the swaying mass, their eager faces turning; Here, Captain! dear father! This arm beneath your head; It is some dream that on the deck
节选诗歌（英）
Oh Captain！My Captain Oh Captain! My Captain! Our fearful trip is done, The ship has weather'd every rack, the prize we sought is won, The port is near, the bells I hear, the people all exulting, While follow eyes the steady keel, the vessel grim and daring; But Oh heart! heart! heart! Oh the bleeding drops of red!
1841年他出版了一些短篇故事。一年后他在 纽约出版了小说《富兰克林·埃文斯》。 1855年，也是他父亲去世的那年。第一版的 草叶集由惠特曼自己付费出版一年后，草叶 集的第二版，连同爱默生的祝贺信一同出版 1881年的第七版草叶集出版，不断上升的知 名度使这版诗集得以畅销。 1885年 为纪念林肯逝世20周年，作诗《献给 那个被钉在十字架上的人》，后收入《草叶 集》。 1892年3月26日惠特曼逝世，他被安葬在哈 利公墓，在他自己设计的墓碑下面。
惠特曼的草叶集简介(英文)
Leaves of Grass: Subjects and Style
Whitman's poetry is democratic in both its subject matter and its language. We see Whitman breaking new ground in both subject matter and diction. Subjects: the new America; himself The stated mission of his poetry was, in his words, to make "[a]n attempt to put a Person, a human being (myself, in the latter half of the 19th century, in America) freely, fully, and truly on record."
Leaves of Grass: Subjects and Style
Trochaic: a foot consisting of an accented and unaccented syllable. Longfellow's Hiawatha uses this meter, which can quickly become singsong (the accented syllable is italicized): "By the shores of GitcheGumee By the shining Big-Sea-water." The three witches' speech in Macbeth uses it: "Double, double, toil and trouble."
惠特曼传记(英文版)
Walt(er) Whitman (1819-1892)American poet, journalist and essayist, best known for LEAVES OF GRASS (1855), which was occasionally banned, and the poems 'I Sing the Body Electric' and 'Song of Myself.' Whitman incorporated natural speech rhythms into poetry. He disregarded metre, but the overall effect has a melodic character. Harold Bloom has stated in The Western Canon (1994) that "no Western poet, in the past century and half, not even Browning, or Leopardi or Baudelaire, overshadows Walt Whitman or Emily Dickinson.""Swiftly arose and spread around me the peace and joy and----knowledge that pass all the art and argument of the earth;And I know that the hand of God is the elderhand of my own,And I know that the spirit of God is the eldest brother of my own,And that all men ever born are also my brothers... and the----women my sisters and lovers."(from 'Song of Myself')Walt Whitman was born in Long Island, New York, the son of a Quaker carpenter. Whitman's mother was descended from Dutch farmers. In Whitman's childhood there were slaves employed on the farm. Whitman was early on filled with a love of nature. He read classics in his youth and was inspired by writers such as Goethe, Hegel, Carlyle and Emerson. He left school early to become a printer's apprentice. He also in 1835 worked as a teacher and journeyman printer. After that he held a great variety of jobs while writing and editing for several periodicals, The Brooklyn Eagle from 1846 to 1848 and The Brooklyn Times from 1857 to 1858. In between he spent three months on a New Orleans paper, working for his father, and earning his living from undistinguished hack-work.In New York Whitman witnessed the rapid growth of the city and wanted to write a new kind of poetry in tune with mankind's new faith, hopeful expectations and energy of his days. Another theme in 'Song of Myself' is suffering and death - he identified with Jesus and his fate: "In vain were nails driven through my hands. / I remember my crucifixion and bloody coronation / I remember the mockers and the buffeting insults / The sepulchre and the white linen have yielded me up / I am alive in New York and San Francisco, / Again I tread the streets after two thouand years." (from an early draft) The first edition of Leaves of Grass appeared in July 1855 at Whitman's own expense - he also personally had set the type for it - and the poem was about the writer himself. In the same year there also appeared Longfellow's The Song of Hiawatha, another great American epic. The third edition of Leaves was published during Whitman's wandering years in 1860. It was greeted with warm appreciation, although at first his work was not hugely popular. Ralph Waldo Emerson was among his early admirers and wrote in 1855: "I am very happy in reading it, as great power makes us happy."When Whitman wrote the first edition, he knew little or nothing about Indian philosophy, but later critics have recognized Indian ideas expressed in the poems - words from the Sanskrit are used correctly in some of the poems written after 1858. Leaves of Grass also includes a group of poems entitled 'Calamus', which has been taken as reflection of the poet's homosexuality, althoughaccording to Whitman they celebrated the 'beautiful and sane affection of man for man'. According to some sources, Whitman had only one abortive attempt at a sexual relationship, presumably homosexual, in the winter of 1859-60.During the Civil War Whitman worked as a clerk in Washington. When his brother was wounded at Fredericksburg, Whitman went there to care for him and also for other Union and Confederate soldiers. The Civil War had its effect on the writer, which is shown in his prose MEMORANDA DURING THE W AR (1875) and in the poems published under the title of DRUM-TAPS in 1865. In SEQUEL TO DRUM.TAPS (1865-66) appeared the great elegy on President Abraham Lincoln, 'When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd'. Another famous poem published about the death of Lincoln is 'O Captain! My Captain!'."Exult O shores, and ring O bells!But I with mournful tread,Walk the deck my Captain lies,Fallen cold and dead."(from 'O Captain, My Captain')On the basis of his services Whitman was given a clerkship in the Department of the Interior. He transferred then to the attorney general's office, when his chief labelled Leaves of Grass an indecent book. "I wear my hat as I please indoors or out. I find no sweeter fat than sticks to my own bones. I am the man, I suffered, I was there. Do I contradict myself? V ery well then I contradict myself. Passage to India. I sound my barbaric yawp over the roofs of the world. A woman waits for me. When I give I give myself. The long brown path before me leading wherever I choose. The never-ending audacity of elected persons. Pioneers! o Pioneers!" In England Whitman's work was better received - among his admirers were Alfred Tennyson and Dante Gabriel Rossetti. A paralytic attack in 1873 forced Whitman to give up his work. At the age of sixty-four he settled in a little house on Mickle Street in Camden, New Jersey, where he spent almost the rest of his life. He was taken care of by a widow he had befriended. His reputation, which was shadowed by his outspokenness on sexual matters, began to rise after recognition in England by Swinburne, Mrs Gilchrist, and E. Carpenter.A story of Whitman's later years, told by a publisher, reveals that the author did not lose his self-esteem during his last years. Whitman had entered with his ruffled beard and sombrero the lobby of the Hotel Albert in New York and every man in it raised his newspaper to hide his face from the author. He turned and went out. The publisher, for some reason, followed him and asked who he was. The man said: "I am Walt Whitman. If you'll lend me a dollar, you will be helping immortality to stumble on." (from The March of Literature by Ford Madox Ford, 1938) Jorge Luis Borges has seen Whitman as the hero of his epic, a character he yearned to be: "Thus, on one page of the work, Whitman is born on Long Island; on others, in the South. Thus, in one of the mostly authentic sections of "Song of Myself," he relates a heroic episode of the Mexican War and says he heard the story told in Texas, a place he never went." (from The Total Library, 1999)In 1881 there appeared a newly augmented edition of Leaves of Grass. The following year Whitman published SPECIMEN DAYS AND COLLECT, and in 1888 a collection of hisnewspaper pieces, NOVEMBER BOUGHS, was published. His final volume was the 'Deathbed' edition of Leaves of Grass, which he prepared in 1891-92. It concludes with the prose piece 'A Backward Glance O'er Travel'd Roads', in which he attempts to explain his life and work. Whitman died on March 26, 1892, in Camden.Whitman's wavelike verse and his fresh use of language helped to liberate American poetry. He wanted to be a national bard, his prophetic note echoed, among other books, the Bible, but his erotic candor separated him from conventionally romantic poets. He also boasted that he was 'non-literary and non-decorous' - which perhaps was not really true. When he urged the Muse to forget the matter of Troy and develop new themes, he knew what the matter of Troy was.Leaves of Grass was first presented as a group of 12 poems, and followed by five revised and three reissued editions during the author's lifetime. Whitman maintained that a poet's style should be simple and natural, without orthodox meter or rhyme. The poems were written to be spoken, but they have great variety in rhythm and tonal volume. The central theme arises from Whitman's pantheistic view of life, from symbolic identification of regeneration in nature. - Whitman's use of free verse had a deep influence on poetry. He was a great inspiring example for the beat-generation (Ginsberg, Kerouac etc.) .In the introduction of the work Whitman wrote: "The art of art, the glory of expression and the sunshine of the light of letters is simplicity. Nothing is better than simplicity... nothing can make up for excess or for the lack of definiteness. To carry on the heave of impulse and pierce intellectual depths and give all subjects their articulations are powers neither common nor very uncommon. But to speak in literature with the perfect rectitude and insouciance of the movements of animals and the unimpeachableness of the sentiment of trees in the woods and grass by the roadside is the flawless triumph of art."For further reading: Reader's Guide by G.W. Allen (1970); Critical Essays on Walt Whitman, ed. by J. Woodress (1983); Language and Style by C.C.Hollis (1983); Walt Whitman by James E. Miller Jr., Helen Regenstein (1990); From Noon to Starry Night: A Life of Walt Whitman by Philip Callow (1992); Masculine Landscapes by Byrne R.S. Fone (1992); The Growth of Leaves of Grass by M. Jimmie Killingsworth (1993); Walt Whitman; The Centennial Essays, ed. by Ed Folsom (1994); The Cambridge Companion to Walt Whitman, ed. by Ezra Greenspan (1995); Walt Whitman by Catherine Reef (1995); Walt Whitman & the World, ed. by Gay Wilson Allen, Ed Folsom (1995); Walt Whitman: A Gay Life by Gary Schmidgall (1997); Walt Whitman: An Encyclopedia, ed. by J.R. Lemaster, Donald D. Kummings (1998); Walt Whitman: A Comprehensive Research and Study Guide, ed. by Harold Bloom (1999); A Historical Guide to Walt Whitman, ed. by David S. Reynolds (1999); Walt Whitman, ed. by Jim Perlman (1999); Walt Whitman by Jerome Loving (1999) - other studies among others by J. Kaplan (1980); H. Aspiz (1980); W.H. Eitner (1981); P. Zweig (1984); D. Cavitch (1985); M.W. Thomas (1987) - Museums: Walt Whitman's birthplace, 246 Old Whitman Road, Huntington Station, Suffolk - Note: Edgar Lee Masters, who wrote Spoon River Anthology, published a biography of Walt Whitmanin in 1937.Selected works:FRANKLIN EV ANS, 1842LEAVES OF GRASS, 1855 (first edition) - Ruohoa, suom. Arvo Turtiainen SEQUEL TO DRUM.TAPS, 1865DEMOCRATIC VISTAS, 1871MEMORANDA DURING THE W AR, 1875SPECIMEN DAYS & COLLECT, 1882-83NOVEMBER BOUGHS, 1888COMPLETE WRITINGS, 10 vol., 1902CORRESPONDENCE, 1961-69 (4 vols., ed. by E.H. Miller)PROSE WORKS, 1963-64 (2 vols., ed. by F. Stoval)DAYBOOKS AND NOTEBOOKS, 1978WALT WHITMAN: POETRY AND PROSE, 1982 (ed. by Justin Kaplan) CORRESPONDENCE 1886-1889, 1989CORRESPONDENCE 1890-1892, 1989THE JOURNALISM: 1834-1846, 1998。
Walt Whitman 惠特曼 英文PPT
Major works
• Leaves of Grass 草叶集 • Drum-Taps 桴鼓集
• Song of Myself 自我之歌 • I sit and look out 坐观世间 • O captain, my caption • When lilacs last in the dooryard bloom’d
• Grass—the most common thing with the greatest vitality, as a common of rising American
The title “Leaves of Grass”
1. A symbol of Whitman’s poems
2. A manifestation of Whitman’s democratic ideas
• (“noxious weeds;” • With appearance of the “ p o e t r y o f 5th edition, Whitman barbarism;” “a b e g a n r e c e i v e d m a s s o f s t u p i d recognition in America f i l t h;” Wh i tt i e r and England. throw it into
• Supporting slavery abolishing
• Severed as volunteer nurse during civil war
• Unmarried all his life
Whitman’s Poetry
Franklin Evans (1842) 《弗兰克林 • 埃文斯》 Memoranda During the War《战争回忆录》 Specimen Days (1882)《典型的日子》
walt whitman惠特曼及作品简介
O Captain! My Captain!
• O Captain! my Captain! rise up and hear the bells; • Rise up--for you the flag is flung--for you the bugle trills, • For you bouquets and ribbon‟d wreaths--for you the shores a
Free verse
• “自我”& “个性”
--- The distinctions in this brief poem are:
• One's-Self/En-Masse, • separate person/Democratic • physiognomy/brain • Female/Male • laws divine/Modern
• 3. What does Whitman mean by the term of "the Modern
Man"? • He means that a man should be free from any prejudice and pride, totally different from the traditional one, that is full of bias.
crowding, • For you they call, the swaying mass, their eager faces turning; • Here Captain! dear father! • This arm beneath your head! • It is some dream that on the deck • You've fallen cold and dead.
惠特曼英文简介(优秀3篇)
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Life
Contribution
• One of the great innovators in American literature.
• He gave America its first genuine epic poem: Leaves of Grass.
• He created the “ Free verse ” : the verse that does not follow a fixed metrical pattern, the verse without a fixed beat or regular rhyme scheme.
The Themes in his poetry
• Equality • Divinity • Multiplicity • Self-reliant spirit • Death ,beauty of death • Expansion of America • Brotherhood and social solidarity • Pursuit of love and happiness
2. Themes
This poem eulogizes Lincoln’s monumental contributions and expresses the poet’s mourning for Lincoln’s death with the background of the victory of the Civil War.
3. Special features
>>. The poem is composed of three octaves, that is, four long lines and four short ones, the latter being used as a refrain.
>>. The meter is iambic and the rhyming scheme is roughly represented as aabb cded.
Walt Whitman
1819－1892
英本五班 张丹 1003150120
Walt Whitman
• Life • Contribution • Influence • Works
Life
• Walter Whitman was born in 1819 in Long Island ,the second son of a house-builder.
O Captain! My Captain!
Analysis of O Captain! My Captain!
1.Background
2.Theme
3.Special Features
4.My Understanding
1. Background
At the end of the Civil War in 1865, Abraham Lincoln, the symbol of democracy and progress, was assassinated by the obstinate slave owners of the south states. Lincoln’s death shocked the whole country. The democratic poet Walt Whitman wrote the poetry collection Elegy Collect (including O Captain! My Captain! and When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom’d) to eulogize the beloved president, to confide his own sorrow at the death of the president. The abolishment of slavery is not only the progress of the American, but of the humankind. Then Lincoln’s death is not only the sorrow of the American, but of the humankind. Therefore, Whitman revealed the grief of his own, of the American, of all the humankind.
Influence
• Through him, American poets finally freed themselves from the old English traditions.
• His best work has become part of the common property of Western culture.
>>. Oral English is also applied in his free verse to make it an effective way to express freely the feelings of common people.
4.My Understanding
O Captain！My Captain！ O Captain！My Captain！Our fearful trip is done. The ship has weathered every rack, the prize we sought is won, The port is near， the bells I hear， the people all exulting， While follow eyes the steady keel， the vessel grim and daring;
• He has been compared to a mountain in American literary history.
• Contemporary American poetry, whatever school or form, bears witness to his great influence.
Envelop structure :
Often in Whitman’s poetry , the first line begins with the subject ,and then more and more lines list modifiers till the verb appears in the last line of the stanza .This is like enclosing a whole list of ideas in an envelop .
>>. Phonetic recurrence is the main feature of the poem, i.e., the systematic repetition of words and phrases at the beginning of the line, in the middle or at the end.
• Largely self-taught, he read voraciously, becoming acquainted with the works of Homer, Dante, Shakespeare, and the B fall of 1848, he founded a “Free Soil" newspaper, the Brooklyn Freeman, and continued to develop the unique style of poetry.
In the poem Walt Whitman uses writing skills of symbol, imagery, and repetition to get a wonderful effect of art. This makes readers enjoy a unique beauty of art from vision，hearing, language and metre.
Leaves of Grass
Free verse :
A kind of poetry that does not conform to consistent meter patterns ,rhyme (The line is the rhythmical unit as in the poetry of English bible).
Works
• Mainly works • Leaves of Grass • O Captain! My Captain!
Mainly works
• Leaves of Grass • Song of Myself • I hear America singing • Out of the Cradle Endlessly Rocking • Drum Taps • O Captain! My Captain!
• In 1855, Whitman took out a copyright on the first edition of Leaves of Grass.
• During the Civil War ,Whitman worked as a volunteer nurse.
Life
• Whitman died in 1892 because of his bad health ,he was buried in Harleigh(哈利公 墓).
This arm beneath your head; It is some dream that on the deck,