考研英语长难句精析(三)
考研英语的长难句
考研英语的长难句考研英语的长难句篇1一、逆序法逆序法即倒置法。
有些英语长句的表达次序与汉语习惯不同，甚至语序完全相反，这就必须从原文的后面译起，逆着原文的顺序翻译。
例如：“There was little hope of continuing my inquiries after dark to any useful purpose in a neighborhood that was strange to me.”该句可分为三部分①“There was little hope”;②“continuing my inquiries after dark to any useful purpose”;③“in a neighborhood that was strange to me.”前两层表结果，第三层表原因。
这句英语长句的叙述层次与汉语逻辑相反，因此要打破原句的结构，按照汉语造句的规律重新加以安排。
译为：这一带我不熟悉，天黑以后继续进行调查，取得结果的希望不大。
二、顺序法有些英语长句按逻辑关系安排，与汉语的表达方式比较一致，或者叙述的一连串动作按发生的时间先后安排，这类句子可按原文顺序译出，相比较要容易一些，大家可以按照正常的思维翻译即可。
三、分译法有些英语长句的主句与从句或主句与修饰语间的关系并不十分密切，为使意思连贯，建议考生们可把长句中的从句或短语化为句子分开来叙述，有时还可适当增加词语。
例如：“He became deaf at five after an attack of typhoid fever.”该句有两个介词短语，代表两层意思。
因此，按照分译法，打破原句的结构翻译成：他五岁的时候，生了一场伤寒病，变成了聋子。
四、综合法另有一些英语长句用前三种翻译方法翻译时都有困难，需要用综合法。
即或按时间先后，或按逻辑先后，或按逻辑顺序，有顺有逆地进行综合处理。
例如：“The phenomenon y in which light physically scatters when it passes through particles in the earth’s atmosphere that are1/10 in diameter of the color of the light.”该句可以分解为四个部分①“The phenomenon describes the way”;②“in which light physically scatters”;③“when it passes through particles in the earth‘s atmosphere”;④“that are1/10in diameter of the color of the light.”其中，第一、二和三、四部分之间是修饰与被修饰的关系。
考研英语长难句总结
考研英语长难句总结一、定语从句1.The people who’ve been hurt the worst are those who’ve stayed too long.2.I can’t think of a single search I’ve done where a board has not instructed me to look at sittingCEOs first.3.In addition, the computer programs a company uses to estimate relationships may be patentedand not subject to peer review or outside evaluation.4.But recently, many historians have begun to focus on the roles slavery played in the lives ofthe founding generation.5.The kinds of interpersonal violence that women are exposed to tend to be in domesticsituations, by, unfortunately, parents or other family members, and they tend not to be one-shot deals.二、名词性从句1.Unhappy parents rarely are provoked to wonder if they shouldn’t have had kids, but unhappychildless folks are bothered with the message that children are the single most important thing in the world: obviously their misery must be a direct result of the gaping baby-size holes in their lives.2.The same dramatic technological changes that have provided marketers with more (and morediverse) communications choices have also increased the risk that passionate consumers will voice their opinions in quicker, more visible, and much more damaging ways.3.What researchers such as Ransom Myers and Boris Worm have shown is just how fast thingsare changing.4.But it’s obvious that a majority of the president’s advisers still don’t take global warmingseriously.三、状语从句1.Even though the day-to-day experience of raising kids can be soul-crushingly hard, Seniorwrites that ―the ve ry things that in the moment dampen our moods can later be sources ofintense gratification and delight.‖2.But in some cases, one marketer’s owned media become another marketer’s paid media – forinstance, when an e-commerce retailer sells ad space on its Web site.3.We define such sold media as owned media whose traffic is so strong that other organizationsplace their content or e-commerce engines within that environment.四、后置定语1.According to several studies concluding that parents are less happy than childless couples,single parents are the least happy of all.2.Consumers passionate about a product may create ―earned‖ media by willingly promoting itto friends, and a company may leverage ―owned‖ media by sending e-mail alerts about products and sales to customers registered with its Web site.3.The decision to quit a senior position to look for a better one is unconventional.4.The widespread availability of such recordings has thus brought about a crisis in theinstitution of the traditional classical concert.5.Databases used by some companies don't rely on data collected systematically but rather lumptogether information from different research projects.6.It’s not obvious how the capacity to visualize objects and to figure out numerical patterns suitsone to answer questions that have eluded some of the best poets and philosophers.7.Such standardized tests may not assess all the important elements necessary to succeed inschool and in life, argues Robert J. Sternberg.五、伴随状语1.If that happens, passionate consumers would try to persuade others to boycott products,putting the reputation of the target company at risk.2.But in keeping with our examination of southern intellectual life, we may consider theoriginal Puritans as carriers of European culture, adjusting to New World circumstances.3.Not long ago, with the country entering a recession and Japan at its pre-bubble peak, the U.S.workforce was derided as poorly educated and one of the primary causes of the poor U.S.economic performance.4.More recently, while examining housing construction, the researchers discovered that illiterate,non-English-speaking Mexican workers in Houston, Texas, consistently met best-practice labor productivity standards despite the complexity of the building industry's work.5.But particularl y when viewed against America’s turbulent past, today’s social indices hardlysuggest a dark and deteriorating social environment.六、形式主语1.But it’s interesting to wonder if the images we see every week of stress-free,happiness-enhancing parenthood aren’t in some small, subconscious way contributing to our own dissatisfactions with the actual experience.2.To be sure, he performs an impressive variety of interesting compositions, but it is notnecessary for me to visit Avery Fisher Hall, or anywhere else, to hear interesting orchestral music.3.It is critical that our nation and the world base important policies on the best judgments thatscience can provide concerning the future consequences of present actions.4.It’s OK to keep pouring fumes into the air until w e know for sure.5.Surely it should be obvious to the dimmest executive that trust, that most valuable ofeconomic assets, is easily destroyed and hugely expensive to restore – and that few things are more likely to destroy trust than a company letting sensitive personal data get into the wrong hands.七、形式宾语1.The financial crisis has made it more acceptable to be between jobs or to leave a bad one.2.At the start of the first year in infant school, teachers seat pupils alphabetically from the front,to make it easier to remember their names.八、长主语1.The decision of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next music director hasbeen the talk of the classical-music world ever since the sudden announcement of his appointment in 2009.2.The most thoroughly studied intellectuals in the history of the New World are the ministersand political leaders of seventeenth-century New England.3.The relationship between formal education and economic growth in poor countries is widelymisunderstood by economists and politicians alike.4.The magazine cover showing an attractive mother holding a cute baby is hardly the onlyMadonna-and-child image on newsstands this week.九、同位语1.Hunting for a job late last year, lawyer Gant Redmon stumbled across CareerBuilder, a jobdatabase on the Internet.2.But as diet and health improved, children and adolescents have, on average, increased inheight by about an inch and a half every 20 years, a pattern known as the secular trend in height.3.Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide, the Court ineffect supported the medical principle of ―double effect‖, a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action having two effects — a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen — is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect.4.Sternberg notes that traditional test best assess analytical and verbal skills but fail to measurecreativity and practical knowledge, components also critical to problem solving and life success.十、并列结构1.Besides generating income, the presence of other marketers makes the site seem objective,gives companies opportunities to learn valuable information about the appeal of other companies’ marketing, and may help expand user traffic for all companies con cerned.2.Alex Ross, a classical-music critic, has described him as a man who is capable of turning thePhilharmonic into ―a markedly different, more vibrant organization.‖3.For the time, attention, and money of the art-loving public, classical instrumentalists mustcompete not only with opera houses, dance troupes, theater companies, and museums, but also with the recorded performances of the great classical musicians of the 20th century.4.Progress in both areas is undoubtedly necessary for the social, political and intellectualdevelopment of these and all other societies.5.This increasingly high level of education is probably a necessary, but not a sufficient,condition for the complex political systems required by advanced economic performance.十一、插入语1.One of the reasons why the appointment came as such a surprise, however, is that Gilbert iscomparatively little known.2.The details may be unknowable, but the independence of standard-setters, essential to theproper functioning of capital markets, is being compromised.3.Washington, who had begun to believe that all men were created equal after observing thebravery of the black soldiers during the Revolutionary War, overcame the strong opposition of his relatives to grant his slaves their freedom in his will.4.The Internet –and pressure from funding agencies, who are questioning why commercialpublishers are making money from government-funded research by restricting access to it – is making access to scientific results a reality.5.I shall define him as an individual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life theactivity of thinking in a Socratic (苏格拉底) way about moral problems.十二、比较1.From the middle-class family perspective, much of this, understandably, looks far less like anopportunity to exercise more financial responsibility, and a good deal more like a frightening acceleration of the wholesale shift of financial risk onto their already overburdened shoulders.2.Rather, it involves setting specific goals, obtaining immediate feedback and concentrating asmuch on technique as on outcome.3.In fact, the more new things we try — the more we step outside our comfort zone — the moreinherently creative we become, both in the workplace and in our personal lives.4.So it seems paradoxical to talk about habits in the same context as creativity and innovation.5.Rather than dismissing ourselves as unchangeable creatures of habit, we can instead direct ourown change by consciously developing new habits.6.Instead of intimate shops catering to a knowledgeable elite,‖ these were stores ―anyone couldenter, regardless of class or background.十三、倒装1.According to the standard history of American philosophy, nowhere else in colonial Americawas ―s o much importance attached to intellectual pursuits.‖2.Only when humanity began to get its food in a more productive way was there time for otherthings.3.Adding to a woman’s increased dose of stress chemicals are her increased ―opportunities‖ forstress.4.Among the firms making the biggest splash in this new world is Straitford, Inc., a privateintelligence-analysis firm based in Austin, Texas.十四、强调句1.It was the Federal Circuit itself that introduced such patents with its 1998 decision.2.It is the playgoers, the RSC contends, who bring in much of the town’s revenue because theyspend the night (some of them four or five nights) pouring cash into the hotels and restaurants.十五、That1.As a description of the next music director of an orchestra that has hitherto been led bymusicians like Gustav Mahler and Pierre Boulez, that seems likely to have struck at least some Times readers as faint praise.2.When the competitive environment pushed our ancestors to achieve that potential, they couldin turn afford more education.。
考研英语(一)长难句解析系列——2015年Text3
考研英语（一）长难句解析系列——2015年Text3这篇文章的原文题目为Science joins push to screen statistics in papers(35题的正确答案)，选自英国著名的《Nature》杂志，这一杂志致力于报道和评论全球科技领域里最重要的突破。
试卷上的文章完整地节选了原文的前6段，意义连贯，并没有给考生在理解上造成太大的障碍。
文章主要讲述的是继各大期刊支持数据分析标准化后，新政策也紧随其后出台。
全文共423字，共17句话，平均每句约25词，从长难句角度来讲，难度正常：简单句、并列句、复合句分别有4句、1句、7句，其余的5句则为并列复合句。
下面就其中的典型例句进行详解：【典型例句1】The policy follows similar efforts from other journals, after widespread concern that basic mistakes in data analysis are contributing to the irreproducibility of many published research findings.【例句分析】这句话以逗号为界，主干是The policy follows similar efforts from other journals，after widespread concern是状语，that basic mistakes in data analysis are contributing to the irreproducibility of many published research findings是同位语从句，解释说明concern。
【难点点拨】contribute to意为“……是(造成某情况) 的一个原因”。
【例句释义】目前，广泛担忧数据分析方面的错误造成许多已经出版的研究成果的不可复制性。
考研英语 长难句解析10年阅读Text3
本文选自2007年2月Harvard Business Review上一篇名为The Accidental Influentials的文章，主要讨论了影响社会流行潮的主要因素：人们普遍认为社会流行潮的出现主要是由少数有影响力的名人推动的，但新研究表明其关键因素却是大部分的直接受影响者能够积极有效地参与传播过程。
全文中在长难句方面，难度居中。
作为2010年考研英语试卷的第三篇阅读，句子难度必然会较前面题型有所提升，尤其是后半部分难度增加，再加上文中的一些难词，这必然会给考生造成理解上的障碍，以致最终影响做题得分。
下面就其中的典型例句进行分析：【典型例句1】：In their recent work, however, some researchers have come up with the finding that influentials have far less impact on social epidemics than is generally supposed.【例句解析】：本句中主干成分为some researchers have come up with the finding。
that influentials have far less impact on social epidemics than is generally supposed是同位语从句，解释说明finding;而从句中又含有一个than引导的比较状语从句，采用省略主语的结构。
【难点点拨】：influential：有影响力的人;social epidemic：社会流行潮【例句释义】：然而，在近期研究中，一些研究者已经发现：有影响力的人对于社会流行潮的影响要比通常认为的小得多。
【典型例句2】：Yet it is precisely these noncelebrity influentials who, according to the two-step-flow theory, are supposed to drive social epidemics, by influencing their friends and colleagues directly.【例句解析】：本句包含一个强调句型，即it is precisely…..who…..，用来强调主语，句子主干成分为these noncelebrity influentials are supposed to drive social epidemics。
考研英语典型长难句及解析之三
考研英语典型长难句及解析之三1. We assumed that there were forces of attraction between molecules which varied rapidly with the distance so that the attraction between molecules that were more than a few ten millionths of a millimeter apart was very small but became considerable when the molecules approached more closely.结构分析:句子的框架是We assumed that there were forces of attraction…。
that引导宾语从句。
此宾语从句中套嵌一个由which引导的定语从句修饰先行词forces of attraction; so that the attraction between molecules…是so that结构引导的结果状语从句;在此状语从句中，除人生中最幸福的就是身体健康主干结构the attraction…was very small but became considerable…，又有that were more than a few ten-millionths of a millimeter apart做定语从句修饰先行词molecules和when the molecules approached more closely做状语从句，修饰…but became considerable。
considerable译为“相当大（或多的）”。
译文：我们曾经假定，分子之间存在着引力，这种引力随着分子之间距离的不同而有显著的变化，因而，在间距为千万分之几毫米的分子之间的引力是很小的，但是分子靠得很近时，这种引力会变得相当大。
考研英语历年真题阅读长难句100句精析
考研英语历年真题阅读长难句100句精析1、While warnings are often appropriate and necessary —the dangers of drug interactions,for example—and many are required by state or federal regulations,it isn't clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured、【译文】尽管警告常常就是适当而且必须得——比如对于药物相互作用得危险提出警告——许多警告还就是按州或联邦政府规定要求给出得，然而(我们) 并不清楚，如果顾客受到伤害时，这些警告就是不就是确实可以使得生产者与销售者豁免责任。
【分析】在这个主从复合句中，it isn't clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured就是主句。
主句用了一个形式主语it，真正得主语就是that引导得从句，而that从句之后就是一个if引导得条件从句。
从句由两个部分组成，中间用and连接。
破折号之间得部分就是举例说明warnings得内容。
注意：many are required by state or federal regulations中得many就是指many warnings。
2、Additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements—themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport 、【译文】由于人口猛增或大量人口流动(现代交通工具使大量人口流动变得相对容易) 所引起得各种问题也会对社会造成新得压力。
考研英语：学生最爱问的长难句三例
考研英语：学生最爱问的长难句三例考研网在这里把最近大家问的比较多的一些长难句和大家分享一下，希望对此有问题的你也可以此受益。
真题链接1Many of life’s problems which were solved by asking family members, friends or colleagues are beyond the capacity of the extended family to resolve.(1995 text)要想理解句子的含义必须缕清句式，抓主干，去枝叶。
那在捋顺的这个过程中，划分意群就显得特别重要。
本句话Many of life’s problems是主语部分，后面出现which从句到那结束呢?如果没有and等连词出现的情况下，第二个动词即为主句的谓语动词，所以are 是主干的谓语动词，are后面是beyond引导的介宾短语部分。
那回头看一下which引导的是什么从句，经分析which指代前面problems，所以，为定语从句。
这样结构就照清楚了。
接下来就可以直接翻译为：许多过去曾经可以通过询问家庭成员，朋友和同事可以解决的生活问题，现在已经超出了大家庭可以解决的范围。
(大家一定要切记汉语没有时态，但是英语是有时态的，所以，翻译过程中一定要把握到位) 真题链接2But, for a small group of students, professional training might be the right way to go since well developed skills, all other factors being equal, can be the difference between having a job or not.(1999 text3)划分句子时，要注意几大标志，如连词，介宾短语，标点符号，非谓语动词等等，这些因素都可以有效的帮助我们划分句子。
考研英语长难句解析
考研英语长难句解析考研英语作为考研大纲中的一部分，对于众多考生而言是一块难以逾越的高山。
其中，长难句作为考研英语中的重点难点之一，无疑是考生们的心头之患。
本文将从长难句的定义、结构、解读以及应对策略等方面进行详细解析，帮助考生加深对长难句的理解，提高对长难句的分析能力。
1. 长难句的定义长难句，顾名思义，即指句子结构复杂，句子成分繁多，句子长度较长的句子。
在考研英语中，长难句常常在阅读理解和完型填空等题型中出现，要求考生准确理解句子的结构和含义，把握句子之间的逻辑关系。
2. 长难句的结构特点长难句的结构一般包含主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语等多种成分，这些成分通常通过关联词（如关系代词、连接副词等）连接起来，形成一个复杂的句子结构。
此外，长难句中常常包含一些从句，例如定语从句、关系副词从句等，进一步增加了句子的复杂性。
3. 长难句的解读方法解读长难句需要考生充分理解句子的结构和含义，可以采用以下方法进行解析：a) 分析句子成分：首先确定长难句的主干部分（即主语和谓语），并明确其他成分的修饰关系。
b) 识别从句：寻找从句并确定从句的类型（定语从句、状语从句等），理解从句与主句之间的逻辑关系。
c) 理清语义关系：通过词义、上下文等手段理解词语之间的逻辑关系，把握全文的主旨。
4. 应对长难句的解析策略面对长难句，考生可以采取以下策略，提高解析长难句的能力：a) 学习句子结构：了解常见的句子结构和成分，并通过阅读和练习来熟悉不同类型的长难句结构。
b) 积累关键词汇：长难句中的关键词汇往往能够帮助考生理解句子的意思，因此积累和记忆关键词汇是非常重要的。
c) 阅读原文素材：通过阅读经典文献、科技期刊等学术资料，提高对长难句的解读能力和理解能力。
总结：长难句作为考研英语的重点内容之一，对考生来说是一个难题，但只要善于分析句子结构，采用科学的解析策略，相信考生一定能够在考试中得心应手。
因此，考生们在备考过程中一定要加强对长难句的学习和练习，提高自己的解析能力，以应对考试的挑战。
[3-插入语]考研英语绝杀长难句课程讲义
![[3-插入语]考研英语绝杀长难句课程讲义](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/d1545adb7cd184254a35351d.png)
第三节插入语插入语指插在句子中间，对句子起补充或附加的说明的成分。
通常与句中其它成分没有语法上的关系，若将其去掉，句子结构仍然完整。
例如：You,indeed,is a good friend.副词可以充当插入语。
例1：Facebook,therefore,is a self-enhancer’s paradise.(英二2014T2）因此，Facebook就成为了自我拉抬者的乐园。
例2：The French measures,however,rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture..... (英一2016T1）然而，法国的措施过于依赖严厉惩罚来改变一种文化。
介词短语可以充当插入语。
例3：Guilt,in other words,can help hold a cooperative species together.（英二2019T1）换言之，内疚感有助于将一个合作性物种凝聚在一起。
例4：The Olympic bidders,by contrast,wanted to get more people doing sports and to produce more elite athletes.（英二2017T1）相比之下，奥运会申办者则希望让更多人参与运动且产生更多的精英运动员。
例5：The reason,in fact,may be just the opposite:there is too much happiness in the world today.（英一2006T4）事实上，原因可能正好相反，如今的世界上有太多的快乐。
例6：Many people talked of the288,000new jobs the Labor Department reported for June,along with the drop in the unemployment rate to6.1percent,as good news.（英二2015T4）许多人将劳工部六月所公布的“就业岗位新增28.8万，且失业率降至6.1%”视为福音大加谈论。
考研英语历年真题阅读长难句句精析
考研英语历年真题阅读长难句句精析————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期:ﻩ考研英语历年真题阅读长难句10０句精析１.Ｗhｉｌe warningｓaｒe often apprｏｐrｉａte and necｅsｓary —tｈe ｄan ｇｅrs of drug intｅrａcｔions,fｏr example—aｎd many are requirｅｄby sｔａte or fedｅral rｅguｌations,it ｉsn't cleａr that tｈey acｔualｌｙproｔｅｃtｔhe manｕfactｕrｅrｓand sｅllers frｏmｌiabilｉtｙif a cusｔomer ｉｓｉnjurｅd.【译文】尽管警告常常是适当而且必须的——比如对于药物相互作用的危险提出警告——许多警告还是按州或联邦政府规定要求给出的,然而(我们）并不清楚，如果顾客受到伤害时,这些警告是不是确实可以使得生产者和销售者豁免责任。
【分析】在这个主从复合句中,ｉt isn'ｔcｌear that thｅyａctｕalｌyｐroｔeｃt tｈe ｍanufａcturerｓaｎd ｓｅllers from lｉabｉlity if a customer ｉs inｊured是主句。
主句用了一个形式主语ｉt,真正的主语是that引导的从句，而that从句之后是一个ｉf 引导的条件从句。
从句由两个部分组成,中间用and连接。
破折号之间的部分是举例说明warnings的内容。
注意：ｍａnｙaｒｅrｅquｉrｅｄby sｔaｔe ｏrｆederａl regulaｔions中的many是指mａny warnings。
２.Aｄdｉtioｎal social stｒesses may ａlso occｕr becａｕsｅoｆthe populａtion eｘpｌoｓion ｏｒproblems aｒiｓiｎｇfrom masｓmigｒaｔｉon mｏvｅｍent ｓ—ｔheｍsｅlves made relａtivｅlｙeasy noｗadａys bｙｍoｄｅｒn mｅans ｏf tr ａｎsporｔ.【译文】由于人口猛增或大量人口流动（现代交通工具使大量人口流动变得相对容易) 所引起的各种问题也会对社会造成新的压力。
英语翻译中的长难句结构分析（3）
76. Certainly people do not seem less interested in success and itssignsnow than formerly. Summer homes,European travel, BMWs--the locations, placenames and name brands may change, butsuch items do not seem less in demandtoday than a decade or two years ago.[参考译⽂]当然，⼈们现在对成功及其各种标志的兴趣似乎并不亚于先前。
消夏别墅、欧陆旅⾏、宝马车--地点、地名以及品牌或许会有变化，但这类事物在今天被⼈渴求的程度也似乎不会亚于⼀⼆⼗年前。
77. Instead, we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles, which nowmorethan ever seem in ample supply: thecritic of American materialism with aSouthampton summer home; the publisherof radical books who takes his meals inthree-star restaurants; the journalistadvocating participatory democracy inall phases of life, whose own childrenare enrolled in private schools.[参考译⽂]相反，我们被款待看到这样⼀些虚伪的壮观景象，他们似乎⽐以前的任何时候都更供应充⾜：美国式物质主义的批判者却拥有位于南安普顿的避暑⼭庄：激进书籍的出版商却在三餐厅享⽤⼀⽇三餐；倡导在⼈⽣各个阶段的参与民主制的记者，他的⼦⼥却就读于私⽴学校。
刘晓燕考研英语语法长难句笔记整理
一、ｗhat ｉs 简单句?二、简单句得分类(一)主谓结构（二）主谓宾(三)主谓表(四)主谓双宾(五）主谓宾宾补三、句子得成分(词性得问题)(一)谓语（二)主语(三）宾语(四)表语一、wｈat is 简单句?英语必须具备主谓结构,并且主语一定就是谓语动作得发出者,如果有宾语，宾语一定就是谓语动作得承受者。
试译:我得英语说得很好I speaｋ Enｇlish weｌl、我要去剪头A ｂaｒber ｗｉlｌ cut my hａir、二、简单句得分类(一）主谓结构he dieｄ; wｅlauｇh(eｄ)(二)主谓宾谓语:实意动词（三)主谓表谓语：系动词系动词:１、be２、感官动词:ｌooｋsmell tａste ｓｏｕnd feｅl3、变化:ｂee get４、保持：keｅp sｔａy remaiｎ（四)主谓双宾(五)主谓宾宾补I bought hiｍ a dog(双宾)It ｍakeｓhiｍ hapｐｙ(宾补)判断双宾还就是宾补:二者就是否有关系,无关双宾有关宾补;加ｉs就是否通顺,通顺为宾补不通为双宾三、句子得成分(词性得问题)(一）谓语有时态得实意动词或系动词充当谓语1、谓语得成分谓语只能就是动词,动词只能做谓语，所以我们需要把一句话中所有不做谓语得动词变成不就是动词(１)+ing主动（２)+eｄ被动（3)+ｔｏ目得2、动词能不能多？绝对不能,一句话中只能有一个动词得存在，并且充当谓语，多余得动词全部变成非谓语动词,所以英语中有了独立主格与分词作状语Ｂeａt you is my fａult、→Beatｉnｇ yｏu is my fault、I ｅｎjｏy watcｈ TV、→I ｅnjoｙｗaｔchinｇ TV、Ｍｙ dｒeam ｉs wａtch TV、→My dream is ｗatcｈing TＶ、My dream is bee a teacheｒ、→My dreaｍ is bｅiｎg a teacｈer、试译:她拍了拍我得肩膀,一句话都没说就离开了Hｅｂｅａt my shoｕlder, ｓaying nothing, ｄeｐarted、我爱您，您爱我I loｖinｇ you，ｙｏu lｏvｅｍｅ、 (独立主格)（能分清主次,留主要得为谓语；分不清留后面得为谓语)把几句话写成一句话得方法:●独立主格（分词作状语）:把多个句子用逗号连接写成一个句子,留一个为谓语,其她变为非谓语动词●并列句:在几句话中加连词●复合句:把最重要得句子留下,其她变为从句冬天来了，春天就不远了Wｉnter approaching, ｓpｒiｎｇｗiｌl be ａroｕnd thｅcorner、我就是一个老师,我喜欢唱歌Ｉ be a tｅacｈeｒ, Ｉ eｎjｏy ｓinｇｉnｇ、(独立主格)主语一致省略一个主语Be a teacher， I eｎjoy ｓingｉng、（分词作状语)３、动词能不能少？绝对不能,当一句话中需要动词而没有动词时,永远都加ｂe动词,并且ｂe动词没有意思Yoｕｒ mother musｔveｒy beａｕtiｆul、→Ｙｏｕr mother muｓt ｂe very bｅａutｉfｕl、I ａgainｓt you、→I ａｍａgainst（介词） yｏu、谓语总结:一句话中有且只有一个有时态得实意动词或者系动词得存在,并且充当谓语。
2020考研英语：经典长难句剖析三
2020考研英语：经典长难句剖析三考研英语有许多题目组成，方便大家及时了解，下面由小编为你精心准备了“2020考研英语：经典长难句剖析三”，持续关注本站将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯!2020考研英语：经典长难句剖析三【典型难句一】But science does provide us with the best available guide to the future, and it is critical that our nation and the world base important policies on the best judgments that science can provide concerning the future consequences of present actions.【结构剖析】主干为science does provide us with guide and it is critical that ....our nation and the world base important policies on the best judgments 为主语从句，it指代的内容。
that science can provide concerning the future consequences of present actions.为定语从句修饰judgments.【猜词技巧】critical是多义词，既可以表示批判的，也可以表示评论的，重要的。
因为and 前后连接两个并列的分句，前面的分句里does对谓语动词进行了强调，所以critical在这里处理为“重要的”。
【翻译点拔】由于critical表示“重要的”，那么它后面的从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气，base前把should省略掉了，翻译的时候一定要进行处理，把should进行还原。
【参考译文】但是科学确实为我们提供了涉及未来的最佳指导，对于现在的行为之于未来的结果，科学能提供最好的评判，我们的国家和世界应该把重要的政策机遇这种判断之上，这一点非常重要。
考研英语长难句刘晓燕基础班笔记
考研英语长难句刘晓燕基础班笔记-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1第一节、句子的成分（词性）1谓语1)谓语的成分 Your mother must （be）very beautiful情态动词不能做谓语一定要具备时态有时态的实意动词（主谓宾结构）或系动词（主系表结构）充当谓语。
2)一句话当中能不能多？绝对不能，一句话当中只能有一个动词的存在，并且充当谓语，多余的动词全部都要变成非谓语动词。
独立主格（主语不一致）-分词作状语（）谓语只能是动词；动词只能做谓语，所以，我们需要把一句话当中所有不做谓语的动词全部变成不是动词，把动词变成不是动词，在动词后加v-ing主动，v-ed被动，to do目的，这三个有一个共同的名字叫非谓语动词，非谓语动词可以在句子中充当所有成分，除了谓语一句话当中有多个动词，选意思最重要的那个动词充当句子的谓语一句话当中只能有一个动词充当谓语，其他动词要变成非谓语动词3)一句话当中动词能不能少（句子必须具备主谓）绝对不能，当一句话当中需要动词而又没有动词的时候，永远都加be动词，并且be动词没有意思。
非谓语动词充当主语时谓语动词用单数谓语的总结：一句话当中有且只能有一个有时太的实意动词或系动词的存在，并且充当谓语。
2主语1）主语的成分名词、代词（只替代名词的出现）、非谓语动词、从句（引导词加句子）2）主语能不能少3）绝对不能，那一句话没有主语时应该怎么办呢？A.加it作为主语：必须和天气温度时间有关系哦B.There be“有”be=exist，remain，seem-有C.被动作文中所有用人称代词打头的句子，都可以考虑写成被动。
以下三种情况没有被动：a)当动词的后面有介词的时候，这个动词没有被动b)所有的系动词都没有被动c)当have翻译成有的时候，have没有被动D.人称代词不到万不得已千万不要用人称代词I、You、We如果有梦想，就应该会成功If there seems a dream,glories are supposed to be attained3宾语1)宾语的成分名词、代词、非谓语动词、从句4表语1）表语的成分名词、代词、非谓语动词、从句、形容词、介词短语四、简单句在写作中的使用1.所有写不来的单词都可以写成自己会的词汇，反正老师也不知道我想表达的意思2.所有不来的长难句暂时先写成简单句，一定要保证语法正确越来越多的大学生自杀，这个事实表明我们应该关注这个话题了An increasing amount of university students killed themselves ，so weshould care about the problem作业：第一章全部看一遍，15个练习题做完第一章练习题的后面第二节并列句一、什么是并列句二、并列句：就是在两个句子中间加个连词三、常见的连词1.平行关系：and、not only…but alsoSimilarly、equally、likewise、 at the same time2.转折关系：but、yet、while、whereasHowever、nevertheless、conversely、unfortunately、by contrast、on the contrary3.递进（顺承）关系：thenBesides、furthermore、moreover、additionally、subsequently4.因果关系：for；soThus、therefore、as a result、consequently5.选择关系：orAlternatively四、并列句在写作中的使用：写作中只要上下句之间有逻辑关系就一定要用逻辑关系词逻辑关系词：连词、副词、介词短语“，”不能连接两个句子，当使用副词，介词短语不能连接两个句子连词和其他的逻辑关系词的区别在于：连词的前面有没有“。
考研英语长难句
考研英语长难句（经典版）编制人：__________________审核人：__________________审批人：__________________编制单位：__________________编制时间：____年____月____日序言下载提示：该文档是本店铺精心编制而成的，希望大家下载后，能够帮助大家解决实际问题。
文档下载后可定制修改，请根据实际需要进行调整和使用，谢谢!并且，本店铺为大家提供各种类型的经典范文，如工作总结、策划书、条据书信、主持稿、合同协议、规章制度、职业规划、心得体会、教学资料、其他范文等等，想了解不同范文格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by this editor. I hope that after you download it, it can help you solve practical problems. The document can be customized and modified after downloading, please adjust and use it according to actual needs, thank you!Moreover, our store provides various types of classic sample essays, such as work summaries, planning books, policy letters, hosting drafts, contract agreements, rules and regulations, career plans, insights, teaching materials, other sample essays, and more. If you would like to learn about different sample formats and writing methods, please stay tuned!考研英语长难句考研英语长难句【通用】考研英语长难句11、If it did， it would open up its diversity program， now focused narrowly on race and gender， and look for reporters who differ broadly by outlook， values， education， and class.[译文]如果新闻界真的注意到了问题的关键，它就应该进一步开放其多样化项目，这个项目现在还只单纯考虑招收不同种族和性别的员工，而进一步寻找那些世界观、价值观、教育水平和社会阶层大相径庭的各种记者。
2020考研英语：阅读长难句辨析(3)
2020考研英语：阅读长难句辨析(3) 考研英语有许多题目组成，方便大家及时了解，下面由出国留学网小编为你精心准备了“2020考研英语：阅读长难句辨析(3)”，持续关注本站将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯! 2020考研英语：阅读长难句辨析(3) “There is one and only one social responsibility of business” wrote Milton Friedman, a Nobel Prize-winning economist “That is, to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits.” But even if you accept Friedman’s premise and regard corporate social responsibility(CSR) policies as a waste of shareholders’s money, things may not be absolutely clear-act. New research suggests that CSR may create monetary value for companies at least when they are prosecuted for corruption. 在这三句话之中，第一句其实并不难，就是一个“插入语+倒装”的结构。
含义也比较清楚——一位曾经获得诺贝尔奖的经济学家密尔顿·弗里德曼曾经写道：“企业有且只有一个社会责任，那就是利用它的资源从事旨在增加企业利润的活动”。
第二句前面是“even if”引导的条件状语从句，后面是主句，主句部分结构是“主系表”。
第二句的含义是：但即使你接受弗里德曼的观点，并且把企业社会责任看作是浪费股东的钱，但事情可能不是非常清楚的。
考研英语长难句
produce these treatments进行这些治疗
vaccines疫苗
【翻译】即使今日，在工业化生活中，与其他的物质产出相比，某些勤俭的价值观以及各种人们交往的知识和情感反应几乎没有受到关注，而在这些交往之中世人的活动才得以延续。【讲词】
in our industrial life在工业化生活中
certain values of industriousness and thrift某些勤俭的价值观
subscribers订阅者
freely available免费使用
例3（2003年阅读理解）To those who are unaware that animal research was needed to produce these treatments, as well as new treatments and vaccines, animal resnd cruel at worst.
up earner(usually Mom)who could go into the workplace if the primary earner got laid off or fell sick.
【成分】As a result, they主语have lost谓语the parachute宾语they once had in times定语从句of financial setback定语从句--a back up earner(usually Mom)同位语who could go into the 状语从句workplace if the primary earner got laid off or fell sick.状语从句
考研英语历年真题阅读长难句100句精析-精选.pdf
考研英语历年真题阅读长难句100句精析1. While warnings are often appropriate and necessary — the dangers of drug interactions,for example—and many are required by state or federal regulations,itisn't clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liabilityif a customer is injured.【译文】尽管警告常常是适当而且必须的——比如对于药物相互作用的危险提出警告——许多警告还是按州或联邦政府规定要求给出的，然而(我们) 并不清楚，如果顾客受到伤害时，这些警告是不是确实可以使得生产者和销售者豁免责任。
【分析】在这个主从复合句中，it isn't clear that they actually protect themanufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured是主句。
主句用了一个形式主语it，真正的主语是that引导的从句，而that从句之后是一个if引导的条件从句。
从句由两个部分组成，中间用and连接。
破折号之间的部分是举例说明warnings 的内容。
注意：many are required by state or federal regulations中的many是指many warnings。
2. Additional social stresses may a lso occur because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements—themselves made r elatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport .【译文】由于人口猛增或大量人口流动(现代交通工具使大量人口流动变得相对容易) 所引起的各种问题也会对社会造成新的压力。
2023考研英语真题长难句解析结构分析含译文
考研英语真题长难句解析结构分析含译文The first shiploads of immigrants bound for the territory which is now the United States crossed the Atlantic more than a hundred years after the 15th-and-16th-century explorations of North America.词汇突破:shipload [ˈʃɪpləʊd]n. 船货；船舶运载量territory [ˈterətri]n. 领土，领域；范围；地域；版图结构分析:本句的主干是The first shiploads of immigrants crossed the Atlantic，主语为The first shiploads of immigrants，谓语为crossed，宾语为the Atlantic。
bound for the territory 为形容词短语作后置定语，修饰The first shiploads of immigrants，which is now the United States 为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the territory，more than a hundred years after the 15th-and-16th-century explorations of North America 为时间状语。
参考译文:在15世纪和16世纪的北美探险一百多年后，第一批满载移民的船只横渡大西洋前往现在的美国。
They should start by discarding California’s lame argument that exploring the contents of a smartphone—a vast storehouse of digital information—is similar to, say, rifling through a suspect’s purse.词汇突破:discard [dɪˈskɑːd]v. 抛弃；放弃；丢弃n. 抛弃；被丢弃的东西或人lame [leɪm]adj. 跛足的；僵痛的；不完全的；无说服力的；差劲的，蹩脚的v. 变跛，使跛；使成残废rifle [ˈraɪfl]n. 步枪；来复枪v. 用步枪射击；抢夺；偷走结构分析:本句的主干是They should start by discarding California’s lame argument。
新东方考研英语长难句分析
考研英语长难句分析技巧及实战70例长难句在考研阅读、完型填空和翻译中的出现频率很高，无论句子有多长、结构有多复杂，它都由一些基本的成分组成的。
从结构来说，英语句子中，除了谓语之外，其它的成分均可以由从句或者非谓语动词来充当。
从句子本身是一个完整的句子，因此，从句与从句之间的关系可能包孕、套嵌，也可能并列，平行。
从功能来说，英语有三大复合句，即:①名词性从句，包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句;②形容词性从句，即我们平常所说的定语从句;③状语从句。
非谓语动词可以有自己的时态和语态（过去分词除外），也可以跟自己的逻辑主语、宾语、状语等成分，构成一个非谓语动词结构。
由于非谓语动词和从句的这些特点，使英语句子从理论上讲可以无限延长。
英语长句的分析方法：去枝叶，留主干。
1）划出句子中的定语从句和状语从句;2）划出所有介词短语（位于be动词后的除外）；3）名词性从句看作一个整体,找出句中所有的谓语结构、非谓语结构、介词短语和从句的引导词;4）非谓语动词结构看作一个整体；5）找出全句的主语、谓语和宾语，即句子的主干；6）分析从句的结构和非谓语动词的内部结构。
长难句分析的步骤举例：经典例题（2001年考研完型填空第二段）In a significant tightening of legal controls over the press, Lord Irvine, the Lord Chancellor, will introduce a draft bill that will propose making payments to witnesses illegal and will strictly control the amount of publicity that can be given to a case before a trial begins.分析:第一，划出定语从句和状语从句: that will propose making payments to witnesses illegal and will strictly control the amount of publicity /that can be given to a case /before a trial begins.第二，划出介词短语：In a significant tightening of legal controls over the press第三，句子的结构分析:（1）主干结构是主语（Lord Irvine含同位语the Lord Chancellor）+将来时谓语（will introduce）+宾语（a draft bill）；（2）that引导的定语从句修饰draft bill,其中，will propose 是第一个谓语，making payments to witnesses illegal是一个动名词短语做宾语，在动名词短语内部，payments to witnesses做making的宾语，illegal是宾补；第二个谓语是will strictly control, the amount of publicity是它的宾语。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
12．Dependence is marked first by an increased tolerance, with more and more of the substance required to produce the desired effect, and then by the appearance of unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the substance is discontinued.
[句子主干] Dependence is marke d first by…, with…, and then by…
[语法难点] 有并列从句和省略。
With引导的是伴随结构作状语，修饰的是整个第一分句描述的状态。
and引导的分句省略了谓语动词marked ，所以要注意其实该分句并不隶属于第
一分句，而是与之并列的结构。
[句子翻译] 依赖的最初表现为耐受力增强，用量越来越大才能达到预期效果，一旦停用就
会产生不舒服的症状。
[翻译技巧] 有些同学遇上伴随结构就不知道如何翻译了，其实只要按照原来的语序顺次翻
译就是。
13．But he talked a s well about the “balanced struggle” between creative freedom and social responsibility, and he announced that the company would launch a drive to develop standards for distribution and labeling of potentially objectionable
music.
[句子主干]But he talked as we ll about …, and he announced that…
[语法难点] 该句没有从句结构，而是由and连接的两个并列成分构成。
用would是因为表
达了某人的主观态度和意愿。
[句子翻译] 但他也谈到了创作自由与社会责任之间要“努力保持均衡”这一问题。
他宣布公司将尽力对可能招致大众反对的音乐制定各种发行和标识的标准[翻译技巧]虽然没有从句结构，但是由于句子太长，有众多的修饰成分，所以建议还是拆为两句较好。
14．Average inflation in the big seven industrial economies fell to a mere 2.3% last year, close to its lowest level in 30 years, before rising slightly to 2.5%
this July.
[句子主干] Average inflation…fell to a mere…, close to its…, before
[语法难点] 有省略。
close to分句是非限定性定语从句，省略了which was。
Before后面的成分是对全句的补充说明，是状语成分。
状语成分可以置句首，也可以置句末，并无定
规。
之所以用rising，是因为这里需要一个名次性的结构the inflation which was，这
样显得简洁得多。
[句子翻译] 七大工业国家的通货膨胀率去年下降到了2.3%，接近30年来最低水平，今年7月才小幅上涨到2.5%，比许多国家70年代和80年代两位数低了很多。
[翻译技巧] the big seven industrial economies是指西方七大工业国。
close to是靠
近的意思。
fall to是“跌落至……”的意思。
15．Economists have been particularly surprised by favorable inflation figures in Britain and the United States, since conventional measures suggest that both economies, and especially America's, have little productive slack.
[句子主干] Economists have been…surprised by…and…, since…,and especially…,
have …
[语法难点] 主句用现在完成时have been…是因为经济学家长时间以来关注，现在也在关注，是一个从过去持续到现在的动作。
Since引导的是表原因的状语从句。
[句子翻译] 特别让经济学家感到诧异的是，英美两国的通货膨胀带来的是良性的结果，因为传统的分析方法表明，两国尤其是美国的经济生产几乎没有出现滑坡。
[翻译技巧] favorable表示的是“非常好的”，不是“非常喜欢的”，与个人取向没有关系。
productive slack是“生产滑坡”的意思。
16．Actually, it isn't, because it assumesthat there is an agreed account of human rights, which is somethingthe world does not have.
[句子主干] Actually it isn’ t, because it assumes that…, which is…
[语法难点] 有套合从句。
本句为主从复合句。
主句很简单，而because引导的原因状语从句中，又有一个that引导的宾语从句。
这个从句中，主语an agreed account of human rights 由一个which引导的飞行定性定语从句修饰，而这个非限定性定语从句中又有一个限定性定语从句the world does not have来修饰something。
[句子翻译] 事实并非如此，因为这种问法是以人们对人的权利有共同的认识为基础的，而
这种共同认识并不存在。
[翻译技巧] agree为“约定的”意思，agreed account直译为“约定的看法”，意译为“共同的认识”。
可见翻译中一定要结合汉语的语言习惯灵活转换。
an agreed account of human rights不可译为“有同意的人权记录”。
此外，将不定代词具体化，也更符合汉语习惯。
17．Some philosophers argue that rights exist only within a social contract, as part of an exchange of duties and entitlements.
[句子主干] Some philosopher s argue that…, as part of an exchange of…
[语法难点] 该句仍为主从复合句That引导的宾语从句中，as part of an exchange of duties and entitlements充当了补充语的角色。
[句子翻译] 有些哲学家论证说，权利只存在社会契约中，是责任与利益相交换的一部分。
[翻译技巧] 要正确选择contract的词义，不要译成从此“收缩，缩小”Argue不要译成“争
论”，而要灵活处理成“论证说”。
18．It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset: it invites you to think that animals should be treated either with the consideration humans extend to other humans, or with no consideration at all.
[句子主干] It leads the discussion…: it invites you to think that…, or with…
[语法难点] 有并列从句和省略。
冒号把句子分成两部分，后一部分对前面部分作进一步解释说明。
前面部分是简单句。
后面部分是复合句。
that引导的宾语从句中，主语是animals，谓语是should be treated，either… or…引导两个介词短语作状语，either引导的介词短语中，humans extend to other humans是一个省略引导词that的定语从句。
[句子翻译]
这种说法从一开始就将讨论引向两个极端，它使人们认为应这样对待动物：要么像对人类
自身一样关切体谅，要么完全冷漠无情。
[翻译技巧] it 的所指要明确。
leads thediscussion to extremes译成“将讨论引向两个极端”，at the outset译成“从一开始”。
注意把被动句译为主动句，更合乎汉语习惯。