1998年9月英语中级口译真题答案及听力原文
历年中级口译考题翻译部分_97.3~09.3_
97年3月英译中The shape of the world is changing almost as dramatically as this city's skyline. Today the cold war is over. The risk of the global nuclear conflict has been greatly reduced and the free flow of goods and ideas is bringing to life the concept of a global village. But just as all nations can benefit from the promise of this new world, no nation is immune to its perils. W e all have a stake in building peace and prosperity, and in confronting threats that respects no borders—terrorism and drug trafficking, disease and environmental destruction. To meet these challenges most effectively, China and the United States must act in concert. Some argue that with the Cold W ar's end, the strategic importance of the US-China relationship has diminished. I believe they have it exactly backwards. As a new century begins, the importance of strengthening the ties between the United States and China will grow even greater.【参考译文】世界的面貌正在发生引人注目的变化，其变化之快几乎就象这座城市的空中轮廓。
中级口译真题+参考答案
9月中级口译真题+参考答案(4)Questions 16-20We are moving inexorably into the age of automation. Our aim is not to devise a mechanism which can perform a thousand different actions of any individual man but, on the contrary, one which could by a single action replace a thousand men.Industrial automation has moved along three lines. First there is the conveyor belt system of continuous production whereby separate operations are linked into a single sequence. The goods produced by this well-established method are untouched by the worker, and the machine replaces both unskilled and semiskilled. Secondly, there is automation with feedback control of the quality of the product: here mechanisms are built into the system which can compare the output with a norm, that is, the actual product with what it is supposed to be, and then correct any shortcomings. The entire cycle of operations dispenses with human control except in so far as monitors are concerned. One or two examples of this type of automation will illustrate its immense possibilities. There is a factory in the U.S.A. which makes 1,000 million electric light bulbs a year, and the factory employs three hundred people. If the preautomation techniques were to be employed, the labour force required would leap to 25,000. A motor manufacturing company with 45,000 spare parts regulates their entire supply entirely by computer. Computers can be entrusted with most of the supervision of industrial installations, such as chemical plants or oil refineries. Thirdly, there is computer automation, for banks, accounting departments, insurance companies and the like. Here the essential features are the recording, storing, sorting and retrieval of information.The principal merit of modern computing machines is the achievement of theirvastly greater speed of operation by comparison with unaided human effort; a task which otherwise might take years, if attempted at all, now takes days or hours.One of the most urgent problems of industrial societies rapidly introducing automation is how to fill the time that will be made free by the machines which will take over the tasks of the workers. The question is not simply of filling empty time but also of utilizing the surplus human energy that will be released. We are already seeing straws in the wind: destructive outbursts on the part of youth whose work no longer demands muscular strength. While automation will undoubtedly do away with a large number of tedious jobs, are we sure that it will not put others which are equally tedious in their place? For an enormous amount of sheer monitoring will be required. A man in an automated plant may have to sit for hours on and watching dials and taking decisive action when some signal informs him that all is not well. What meaning will his occupation bear for the worker? How will he devote his free time after a four or five hour stint of labour? Moreover, what, indeed, will be the significance for him of his leisure? If industry of the future could be purged of its monotony and meaninglessness, man would then be better equipped to use his leisure time constructively.16. The main purpose of automation is _________.（A）to devise the machine which could replace the semi-skilled（B）to process information as fast as possible（C）to develop an efficient labor-saving mechanism（D）to make an individual man perform many different actions17. The chief benefit of computing machines is ________.（A）their greater speed of operation（B）their control of the product quality（C）their conveyor belt system of continuous production（D）their supervision of industrial installations18. One of the problems brought about by automation in industrial societies is _________.（A）plenty of information（B）surplus human energy（C）destructive outbursts（D）less leisure time19. Which of the following best explains the use of ‘stint’ （para.4）?（A）Effort.（B）Force.（C）Excess.（D）Period.20. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?（A）There is no automation with feedback control of the quality of the product.（B）Computers are reliable in any supervision of industrial installations.（C）The essential features for banks are the recording and sorting of information.（D）Automation will undoubtedly eliminate numerous tedious jobs.Questions 21-25The city water pipes in Rome were usually of baked clay or lead; copper was sometimes used and also hollowed stone. For the large supply conduits leading to the city the Romans used covered channels with free water surfaces, rather than pipes. Perhaps this choice was a matter of economics, for apparently they could make lead pipes up to 15 inches in diameter. While pipes can follow the profile of undulatingground, with the pressure increasing in the lower areas, channels cannot. They must slope continuously downwards, because water in channels does not normally flow uphill; and the grade must be flat, from 1 in 60 in small channels to perhaps 1 in 3,000 in large ones, to keep the water speed down to a few feet per second. Thus the main supply channels or aqueducts had long lengths of flat grade and where they crossed depressions or valleys they were carried on elevated stone bridges in the form of tiered arches. At the beginning of the Christian era there were over 30 miles of these raised aqueducts in the 250 miles of channels and tunnels bringing water to Rome. The channels were up to 6 feet wide and 5 to 8 feet high. Sometimes channels were later added on the tops of existing ones. The remains of some of these aqueducts still grace the skyline on the outskirts of Rome and elsewhere in Europe similar ruins are found.Brick and stone drains were constructed in various parts of Rome. The oldest existing one is the Cloaca Maxima which follows the course of an old stream. It dates back at least to the third century B.C. Later the drains were used for sewage, flushed by water from the public baths and fountains, as well as street storm run-off.The truly surprising aspect of the achievements of all the ancient hydraulic artisans is the lack of theoretical knowledge behind their designs. Apart from the hydrostatics of Archimedes, there was no sound understanding of the most elementary principles of fluid behaviour. Sextus Frontinus, Rome’s water commissioner around A.D. 100, did not fully realize that in order to calculate the volume rate of flow in a channel it is necessary to allow for the speed of the flow as well as the area of cross-section. The Romans’ flow standard was the rate at which water would flow through a bronze pipe roughly 4/3 inch in diameter and 9 inches long. When this pipe was connected to the side of a water-supply pipe or channel as a delivery outlet, it was assumed that theoutflow was at the standard rate. In fact, the amount of water delivered depended not only on the cross-sectional area of the outlet pipe but also on the speed of water flowing through it and this speed depended on the pressure in the supply pipe.21. The Romans used all of the following to make water pipes EXCEPT _________.（A）earth （B）wood （C）copper （D）stone22. Covered channels were used instead of pipes to supply large quantities of water probably because _________.（A）the Romans could build them more cheaply（B）these channels could follow uneven ground more easily（C）the Romans could not build large pipes（D）these channels avoided rapid changes of pressure23. The use of ‘grace’ in line 15 suggests that the aqueducts today are _________.（A）hideous （B）divine （C）useful （D）attractive24. In order to calculate the volume of water flowing through a pipe, it is important to know its speed and ________.（A）the area across the end of the pipe （B）the length of the pipe（C）the water pressure in the pipe （D）the level from which the water falls25. The main subject of the passage is concerned essentially with __________.（A）the classical scientific achievements（B）the theoretical Greek hydrostatics（C）the ancient Roman hydraulic system（D）the early European architectural designingQuestions 26-30Every day of our lives we are in danger of instant death from small high-speed missiles from space-the lumps of rocky or metallic debris which continuously bombard the Earth. The chances of anyone actually being hit, however, are very low, although there are recorded instances of ‘stones from the sky’ hurting people, and numerous accounts of damage to buildings and other objects. At night this extraterrestrial material can be seen as ‘fireballs’ or ‘shooting stars’, burning their way through our atmosphere. Most, on reaching our atmosphere, become completely vaporised.The height above ground at which these objects become sufficiently heated to be visible is estimated to be about 60-100 miles. Meteorites that have fallen on buildings have sometimes ended their long lonely space voyage incongruously under beds, inside flower pots or even, in the case of one that landed on a hotel in North Wales, within a chamber pot. Before the era of space exploration it was confidently predicted that neither men nor space vehicles would survive for long outside the protective blanket of the Earth’s atmosphere. It was thought that once in space they would be seriously damaged as a result of the incessant downpour of meteorites falling towards our planet at the rate of many millions every day. Even the first satellites showed that the danger from meteorites had been greatly overestimated by the pessimists, but although it has not happened yet, it is certain that one day a spacecraft will be badly damaged by a meteorite.The greatest single potential danger to life on Earth undoubtedly comes from outside our planet. Collision with another astronomical body of any size or with a ‘black hole’ could completely destroy the Earth almost instantly. Near misses of bodies larger than or comparable in size to our own planet could be equally disastrous tomankind as they might still result in total or partial disruption. If the velocity of impact were high, collision with even quite small extraterrestrial bodies might cause catastrophic damage to the Earth’s atmosphere, oceans and outer crust and thus produce results inimical to life as we know it. The probability of collision with a large astronomical body from outside our Solar System is extremely low, possibly less than once in the lifetime of an average star. We know, however, that our galaxy contains great interstellar dust clouds and some astronomers have suggested that there might also be immense streams of meteorite matter in space that the Solar system may occasionally encounter. Even if we disregard this possibility, our own Solar system itself contains a great number of small astronomical bodies, such as the minor planets or asteroids and the comets, some with eccentric orbits that occasionally bring them close to the Earth’s path.26. According to the writer, the Earth is being continuously bombarded by _________.（A）big bright stars from space（B）man-made space vehicles（C）great interstellar dust clouds（D）small high-speed pieces of rock from space27. The word “vaporised” （para.1）means _________.（A）turned from stones into missiles（B）turned from a fireball into black（C）turned from a solid into a gas（D）turned from meteors into shooting stars28. Why was it once thought that no spacecraft would survive for very long inspace?（A）People believed that spacecraft would be destroyed in a black hole.（B）People believed that spacecraft would be misguided by missiles.（C）People believed that spacecraft would be collided with a star.（D）People believed that spacecraft would be damaged by meteorites.29. What is the greatest danger to life on Earth?（A）Collision with small high-speed missiles.（B）Collision with an astronomical body.（C）Collision with stones from the sky.（D）Collision with spacecrafts.30. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?（A）Our galaxy contains great interstellar dust clouds.（B）Near misses of bodies smaller than our own planet could be disastrous.（C）The probability of collision with a large astronomical body is very high.（D）The chances of anyone actually being hit by missiles are very high.。
98年英语真题答案与解析
98年英语真题答案与解析是很多考研学子复习备战的重点，因为这套真题的难度相对较高，涵盖了各个知识点，能够有效的检验学生的综合能力。
本文将对答案进行解析，并探讨备考的一些技巧和注意事项。
首先，我们来看看的题型组成。
该套试卷共分为两部分，第一部分为阅读理解，包括长篇阅读和短篇阅读两部分，共计两篇长篇阅读和四篇短篇阅读；第二部分为完形填空和语法填空两个部分。
这些题型的组合涵盖了对学生的阅读理解能力、词汇掌握能力和语法运用能力的全面考察。
在解答试题时，首先要做的是仔细阅读题目和选项。
对于阅读理解题，我们可以通过先读问题，再进行原文定位的方式来提高答题效率。
此外，要注意题目的命题思路和选项的干扰性。
有时候，正确答案并不在原文中以明显的方式呈现，而是通过一些暗示和引导进行判断。
因此，细心阅读和思考是解答这类题目的关键。
在完形填空和语法填空部分，对于生词和短语的理解至关重要。
我们可以通过上下文的语境进行推测，还可以利用词根、前缀和后缀等方法进行词义的分析。
同时，要记住一些常见的词汇和短语，这对于理解和解答题目非常有帮助。
除了对题目本身的解答，我们还需要注重解析和总结。
每次答完一道题，应该及时查看答案和解析，并思考自己的解题思路是否正确。
若出现错误，要找出原因并进行纠正。
此外，还可以将一些常见的解题方法和技巧进行总结和归纳，以便在接触到类似题目时能够更加得心应手。
在备考过程中，除了做题，还要注重阅读和听力的练习。
通过大量的阅读和听力材料，可以提高自己的语感和语言应用能力，培养自己的解题思维和快速阅读的能力。
同时，还可以通过参加模拟考试和刷题来熟悉考试的节奏和要求，增加自己的应试经验。
总之，是考研备考的重点和难点，但通过有计划和系统的备考，我们完全可以应对这个挑战。
关键在于对题目的深入理解和解析，并通过多方面的练习和总结来提高解题的准确性和效率。
希望广大考生能够在备考中发挥出自己的潜力，顺利实现自己的考研目标。
9月口译标准答案公布与阅卷即时分析
9月口译标准答案公布与阅卷即时分析中高级口译翻译部分：中级口译原文：进入耶鲁大学的校园，看到莘莘学子青春洋溢的脸庞，呼吸着书香浓郁的空气，我不由回想起40年前我在北京清华大学时的美好时光，老师们对我的教诲，同学们给我的启发，我至今仍受用不尽。
耶鲁大学以悠久的发展历史、独特的办学风格、卓著的学术成就闻名于世。
如果时光能够倒流几十年，我真希望成为你们中的一员。
耶鲁大学校训强调追求光明和真理，这符合人类进步的法则，也符合每个有志青年的心愿。
译文：ing to the yale campus, with its distinctive academic flavor, and looking at the eager young faces in the audience, i cannot but recall my great experience studying at qinghua university in bei ___g 40 years ago. i stillbenefit greatly from the instruction and my interaction with other students.yale is renowned for its long history, unique way of teaching and excellence in academic pursuit. if time could go back several decades, i would really like to be a student of yale just like you. yale's motto “light and truth,” which is a calling for human progress, represents the aspiration of every motivated young man and woman.高级口译原文：中华文明历来注重亲仁善邻，讲求和睦相处。
9月中级口译真题+参考答案(5)
9月中级口译真题+参考答案(5)SECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST （1）（30 minutes）Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.The culture of any society is usually thought to be of two kinds: material and nonmaterial. Material culture includes the man-made phenomena which have physical properties such as height, breadth, and weight. A boat, a machine, a house-all these objects are part of the material culture. The nonmaterial culture is that portion of the environment which surrounds man and which has an impact on his behavior but which lacks these material properties: values, beliefs, traditions, and all the other habits and ideas invented and acquired by man as a member of society.Contemporary sociological theory tends to assign primary importance to the nonmaterial culture in choosing problems for study. It assumes, for example, that boats, planes, automobiles, and so forth, are not nearly so important as the traditions we have developed which make their manufacture possible-indeed, which prescribe how we are to use them. The emphasis of contemporary sociology is to insist that the material culture would not exist had not the nonmaterial culture first been available to suggest the ideas which are embodied in the inventions of material culture.SECTION 4: TRANSLATION TEST （2）（30 minutes）Directions: Translate the following passage into English and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.进入耶鲁大学的校园，看到莘莘学子青春洋溢的脸庞，呼吸着书香浓郁的空气，我不由回想起40年前在北京清华大学度过的美好时光。
年9月中级口译考试真题,答案与解析
年9月中级口译考试真题,答案与解析Spot Dictation:We all have problems and barriers that block our progress or prevent us from moving into new areas. Our problems might include the fear of speaking in front of a group anxiety about math problemsor the reluctance to sound silly trying to speak a foreign language. It's natural to have problems and barriersbut sometimes they limit our experience so muchwe get bored with life. When that happensconsider the following three ways of dealing with the problem or barrier.One way is to pretend it doesn't exist. Avoid itdeny itand lie about it. It's like turning your head the other wayputting on a fake grinand saying"Seethere's really no problem at all. Everything is fine."In addition to looking foolishthis approach leaves the barrier intactand we keep bumping into it. Soa second approach is to fight the barrierto struggle against it. This usually makes the barrier grow. It increases the barrier's magnitude. A person who is obsessed with weight might constantly worry about being fat. He might struggle with it every daytrying diet after diet. And the more he strugglesthe bigger the problem gets.The third alternative is to love the barrier. Accept it. T otally experience it. Tell the truth about it. Describe it in detail.Applying this process is easier if you remember o ideas. First loving a problem is not necessarily the same as enjoying it. Love in this sense means total and unconditional acceptance. Secondunconditional acceptance is not the same as unconditional surrender. Accepting a problem is different than giving up or escaping from it. Ratherthis process involves escaping into the problemdiving into it headfirstand getting to know it in detail.Often the most effective solutions ewhen we face a problem squarelywith eyes wide openthen we can move through the probleminstead of around it. When you are willing to love your problemsyou drain them of much of their energy.【评析】本文选自Dave Ellis 的著作Being a Master Student其中的一个章节：Love your problems and experience your barriers，本文主要介绍了解决问题的三种办法，第一种是直接无视它，就当不存在；第二种是正视它，挑战它，第三种则是爱上困难，充分体验。
1998.9上海市英语中级口译笔试答案
1998.9上海市英语中级口译资格证书第一阶段考试参考答案:SECTION1: LISTENING TESTPart A: Spot Dictation1. go on stage2. unkind thing3. restless and nervous4. superstitious people5. stage fright6. friends and colleagues7. wishing 8. it is hopes9. also consider 10. good luck11. from all directions 12. in the theatre13. at rehearsal 14. yellow15. traditional fears 16. 1artistic personality17. performing live 18. unstable profession19. lose his confidence 20. always expectPart B: Listening Comprehension1-5 C B D C D 6-10 C B C A C11-15 C C A D B 16-20 C D A B A21-25 C D B B A 26-30 C C A D APart C: Listening and TranslationⅠ.Sentence Translation1.公司正在考虑招聘额外工作人员以应付日益增长的需要。
2.那家超市经理，其背景我很熟悉，绝对/百分之百的诚实。
3.我承认/同意，它们很相似，但是假如你确实仔细观察的话，你会发现它们并不是一样的。
4.我认为应该迫使所有的教师到外部世界生活，而不是从教室走向大学，然后再回到教室。
5.社会学家发现很多妇女希望自己生来就是男人，据说这数字在发达国家高达百分之六十。
Ⅱ.Passage Translation1. “全包/一揽子/包办度假”越来越流行。
中级口译真题+参考答案
9月中级口译真题+参考答案(1)Part A: Spot DictationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE.British people are far more sophisticated about beverages than they were 50 years ago. Witness the Starbucks revolution and you’ll know where ___________ （1）goes. However, spurred on by recent studies suggesting that it can cut the risk of ___________ （2）and retard the aging process, tea is enjoying a ___________ （3）.Although tea is available in more places than ever, it remains to be _____________ （4）of a typical British family.If you are invited to an English home, _____________ （5）in the morning you get a cup of tea. It is either brought in by a heartily _____________ （6）or an almost malevolently silent maid. When you are _____________ （7）in your sweetest morning sleep you must not say: ‘Go away, you _____________ （8）.’ On the contrary, you have to declare with your best five o’clock smile: ‘Thank you very much. I _____________ （9）a cup of tea, especially in the morning.’ If they leave you alone with the liquid you may pour it _____________ （10）!Then you have ___________ （11）; then you have tea at 11 o’clock in the morning; _____________ （12）; then you have tea for tea; then after supper; and again at eleven o’clock _____________ （13）.You must not refuse any additional cups of tea under the _____________ （14）: if it is hot; if it is cold; if you are _____________ （15）; if you are nervous; if you arewatching TV; _____________ （16）; if you have just returned home; if you feel like it; if you do not feel like it; if you have had no tea ______________ （17）; if you have just had a cup.You definitely must not ______________ （18）. I sleep at five o’clock in the morning; I have coffee for breakfast; I drink innumerable _____________ （19）during the day; I have the _____________ （20）even at tea-time!Part B: Listening Comprehension1. StatementsDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear several short statements. These statements will be spoken ONLY ONCE, and you will not find them written on the paper; so you must listen carefully. When you hear a statement, read the answer choices and decide which one is closest in meaning to the statement you have heard. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.1. （A）The program on Channel Eight reminds me of TV commercials.（B）The product advertised in the TV commercial cannot help cure my illness.（C）I don’t watch TV that much, because of the omnipresent advertis ements.（D）I have to sit on the sofa, because I am too sick to stand in front of the television.2. （A）The plane arrived at 7:30.（B）The plane arrived at 8:00.（C）The plane arrived at 9:00.（D）The plane arrived at 10:00.3. （A）I’ll ask someone else to read and check this agreement for errors.（B）I’ll think more about the agreement before making a decision.（C）It’s obvious that I’ll discuss the agreement with my assistant first.（D）It’s out of question that I shou ld get into any agreement with you.4. （A）The better members decided to cancel the meeting.（B）Less than half of the committee was away on business trips.（C）It’d be better if no one had attended this morning’s committee meeting……（D）The meeting was cancelled because of low attendance.5. （A）Supermarkets in the inner city and the suburbs are usually owned by the same company.（B）Products in grocery stores are more expensive than those in supermarkets.（C）There is a price difference for the same product even in shops run by the same company.（D）People prefer to shop in supermarkets, which are mostly located in the suburbs, with free parking space.6. （A）Many Americans cannot afford higher education because of the soaring college tuition fees and expenses.（B）Sending their children to college is no longer a bigger challenge for millions of Americans.（C）The American government has set the goal that it will eventually stop funding higher education institutions.（D）Nowadays, American parents have to pay more to send their children to college.7. （A）For many university graduates, the jobs they take will not be related to their academic achievements.（B）Because of economic recession, the number of university students majoring in liberal arts is declining.（C）University students who are interested in liberal arts will have more job opportunities upon graduation.（D）With high unemployment rate, many university students will have to opt for transferring to other majors.8. （A）Good business negotiators will never repeat what other people have already restated.（B）Restating by good business negotiators is not an effective way to check the information.（C）Good business negotiators are sometimes curious about other people’s restatements.（D）Restating what others have said is a good strategy for confirming understanding.9. （A）We cannot reach an agreement, let alone a spoken promise.（B）We’d better draft and then sign a written agreement.（C）We generally keep our promises in business transactions.（D）We hope you understand why we are unable to keep our promises.10. （A）I don’t think you have more to say on that topic.（B）I think we’d better talk about that in detail sometime later.（C）I am truly appreciative if you can elaborate on that topic after lunch.（D）I am busy right now, so we might as well discuss it over lunch today.2. Talks and ConversationsDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear several short talks andconversations After each of these, you will hear a few questions. Listen carefully because you will hear the talk or conversation and questions ONLY ONCE. When you hear a question, read the four choices and choose the best answer to that question. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 11-1411. （A）Two （B）Three （C）Four （D）Five12. （A）A profit-making private school.（B）A non-profit-making independent school.（C）A state school that is funded by non-governmental sources.（D）A secondary school that is open to the majority of British students.13. （A）Many children are no longer placed in schools according to their academic abilities.（B）Many children can afford to study in private schools, as they become part of the state system.（C）Children from wealthy families no longer choose to go and study in public schools.（D）Cleverer children will be sent to the best private schools in the country for a better development.14. （A）Clever and less bright children will mix well with each other.（B）School authorities will receive more funds from the government.（C）Most students will do well in their entrance examination for the higher education.（D）Every child will have an equal opportunity to go on to higher education.。
年9月中级口译段落听译原文和答案
年9月中级口译段落听译原文和答案Passage 1Man is closely connected to the environment. Our environment provides us with fresh air to breatheclean water to drinkand various vegetables to eat. Howeverour environment is faced with many dangers. It is seriously polluted by chemical wastes from factories and garbage in cities. Trees are being cut down. Large areas of forests are being destroyed. And various animals are being hunted and killed. As a resultmany kinds of plants and animals are disappearing from the earth.人与环境紧密相连。
我们的环境提供了新鲜的空气、干净的水和各种蔬菜，让我们呼吸、饮用。
但我们的环境却正在面临许多危险。
它被工厂的化学废物、城市里的垃圾所污染。
树木被砍伐、大片的森林被破坏、多种动物遭到猎杀。
由此，地球上许多种类的植物和动物，正在走向灭绝。
解析这一段难度较低，注意一下逻辑词，如Howeveras a result在笔记中迅速地使用符号记录下来。
出现了两次、占全文字数三分之一的并列平行结构也是文中的一大重点。
理解上不会造成障碍，关键是信息记录完整。
Passage 2In 1979trade beeen the United States and China stood at roughly $ 5 billion. Todayit tops over $ 400 billion each year. The merce affects our people’s life in so many ways. America imports from C hina many of the puter parts we usethe clothes we wear. And we export to China machinery that helps power your industry. This trade could create even more jobs on both sides of the Pacificwhile allowing our people to enjoy a better quality of life.1979年，美中贸易保持在50亿美元上下。
中级口译笔试试题及答案
中级口译笔试试题及答案一、听力理解（共20分）1. 听下面一段对话，选择正确的答案。
A. 去图书馆B. 去电影院C. 去公园D. 去超市对话内容：（此处假设有一段对话内容）答案：C2. 听下面一段对话，选择正确的答案。
A. 他喜欢看书B. 他喜欢听音乐C. 他喜欢画画D. 他喜欢运动对话内容：（此处假设有一段对话内容）答案：A二、阅读理解（共30分）1. 阅读以下短文，选择正确的答案。
短文内容：（此处假设有一段短文内容）A. 短文主要讲述了...B. 短文主要讲述了...C. 短文主要讲述了...D. 短文主要讲述了...答案：B2. 阅读以下短文，选择正确的答案。
短文内容：（此处假设有一段短文内容）A. 短文主要讲述了...B. 短文主要讲述了...C. 短文主要讲述了...D. 短文主要讲述了...答案：D三、翻译（共30分）1. 将以下句子从英语翻译成中文。
英文：The weather is getting warmer, so I will take off my coat.中文：天气变暖了，所以我将脱掉我的外套。
答案：正确2. 将以下句子从中文翻译成英语。
中文：他每天早晨都会去公园跑步。
英文：He goes running in the park every morning.答案：正确四、写作（共20分）1. 根据以下提示写一篇短文。
提示：描述你最喜欢的季节，并解释为什么。
答案：（此处假设有一篇短文内容）评分标准：- 内容相关性：5分 - 语言准确性：5分 - 组织结构：5分 - 语法和拼写：5分总分：20分。
9月中级口译真题+参考答案
9月中级口译真题+参考答案(2)Questions 15-1815. （A）One that is unabridged with detailed definitions.（B）One that contains fewer words and emphasizes on special words.（C）One that contains a broad range of words in common usage.（D）One that spans several volumes and has extensive word histories16. （A）The New Oxford Picture Dictionary（B）The American Heritage Dictionary（C）The Dictionary of Legal Terms（D）The Drinking Water Dictionary17. （A）It lists abbreviations, proper nouns, and tables of measures.（B）It is an unabridged edition providing as many as 500,000 entries.（C）It was randomly compiled and contains as many foreign words as possible.（D）It provides detailed information of famous people and places.18. （A）A school dictionary. （B）A college dictionary.（C）A general dictionary. （D）A specialized dictionary.Questions 19-2219. （A）He’s bought his wife a present. （B）He’s missed an important phone call.（C）He’s dismissed his new sec retary. （D）He’s popped out shopping.20. （A）Talking about the latest fashion.（B）Offering special reductions.（C）Giving bigger discounts to female customers.（D）Pressing on the customer to make a decision.21. （A）Upside down and inside out. （B）Inside out and back to front. （C）With its sleeves as trouser legs. （D）With its pattern upside down.22. （A）A V-necked pullover with short sleeves.（B）A high-necked pullover with long sleeves.（C）A white pullover with a pattern.（D）A blue pullover with a high neck.Questions 23-2623. （A）That of a creator. （B）That of a re-creator.（C）That of a receiver. （D）That of a performer.24. （A）Because we need to concentrate for our quiet thought.（B）Because we want to give full attention to the driving.（C）Because we try to avoid being caught by the patrolling police.（D）Because we intend to be as casual as possible in the driving.25. （A）In the elevator. （B）In the car.（C）In the bathroom. （D）In the church.26. （A）By perceptive and analytical listening.（B）By taking a sonic bath.（C）By attending classical concerts.（D）By listening to an emotional piece of music.Questions 27-3027. （A）His grandfather’s house. （B）His parents’ remarks.（C）A magazine. （D）A coursebook.28. （A）Enjoying visiting zoos. （B）Driving a car.（C）Making money. （D）Taking kids to a museum.29. （A）It died a few years ago. （B）It killed several tourists.（C）It is only a legend. （D）It is a living dinosaur.30. （A）No one has provided an accurate description of the animal.（B）No dead bodies of the animal have ever been found.（C）There are only 500 species living in Loch Ness.（D）The lake is not deep enough for such a huge animal.Part C: Listening and Translation1. Sentence TranslationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 5 sentences in English. You will hear the sentences ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each sentence, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.（1）（2）（3）（4）（5）2. Passage TranslationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. You will hear the passages ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each passage, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. You may take notes while you are listening.（1）（2）。
1998年英语试题及答案
1998年英语试题及答案Part I Structure and VocabularySections ADirections:Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices markedA),B),C)andD).Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET I by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (5 points) Example:I have been to the Great Wall three times _____ 1979.A)fromB)afterC)forD)sinceThe sentence should read,"I have been to the Great Wall three times since 1979."Therefore, you should choose D).I worked so late in the office last night that I hardly had time _____ the last bus .A)to have caughtB)to catchC)catchingD)having caughtAs it turned out to be a small house party, we _____ so formally.A)needn't dress upB)did not need have dressed upC)did not need dress upD)needn't have dressed upI apologize if I _____ you, but I assure you it was unintentional .A)offendB)had offendedC)should have offendedD)might have offendedAlthough a teenager, Fred could resist _____ what to do and what not to do .A)to be toldB)having been toldC)being toldD)to have been toldGreater efforts to increase agricultural production must be made if food shortage _____ avoided .A)is to beB)can beC)will beD)has beenDoing your homework is a sure way to improve your test scores, and this is especially true _____ it comes to classroom tests .A)beforeB)asC)sinceD)whenThere are over 100 night schools in the city, making it possible for a professional to be re-educated no matter _____ he does .A)howB)whereC)whatD)whenI've kept up a friendship with a girl whom I was at school _____ twenty years ago .A)aboutB)sinceC)tillD)withHe wasn't asked to take on the chairmanship of the society, _____ insufficiently popular with all members .A)being considerdB)consideringC)to be consideredD)having considered_____ for the timely investment from the general public,our company would not be so thriving as it is .A)Had it not beenB)Were it notC)Be it notD)Should it not beSection BDirections:Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A),B),C)and D). Identify the part of the sentence that is incorrect and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET I by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (5 points)Example:A number of A) foreign visitors were taken B) to the industrial exhibition which C) they saw D) manynew products.Part C) is wrong. The sentence should read, “A number of foreign visitors were taken to the industrial exhib ition where they saw many new products.” So you should choose C).According to Darwin,randon changes that enhance a species' A) ability for surviving B) are C) naturally selected and passed on to succeeding D) generations.Neither rain nor snow keeps A) the postman from delivering our letters which B)we so much C) look forward to receive D) .If they will not accept A) a check, we shall have B)to pay the cash C) , though it would be D) much trouble for both sides .Having been A) robbed off B)economic importance,those states are not C) likely to count for very much D) in international political terms.The message will be A) that B)neither the market nor the government is capable of dealing with all of their C) uncontrollable practices D) .The logic of scientific development is such A) that separates B)groups of men working on C) the same problem in far-scattered D) laboratories are likely to arrive at the same answer at the same time.Yet not all of these races are intellectual inferior to A) the European races, and B)some may even have a C) freshness and vitality that can renew the energies D) of more advanced races.The A) more than 50,000 nuclear weapons in the hands of various nations today are more than B)ample destroying C) every city in the world several times over D) .The universe works in a way so far remove A) from what common sense would B)allow that C) words of any kind must necessarily be inadequate to explain it D) .The integration of independent states could best be A) brought about by first B)creaing a central organization with authorities C) over technical D) economic tasks.Sections CDirections:Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D). Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET I by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points)The lost car of the Lees was found _____ in the woods off the highway.A)vanishedB)scattered C)abandonedD)rejectedT he sentence should read, “The lost car of the Lees was found abandoned in the woods off the highway.” Therefore, you should choose C).The machine needs a complete _____ since it has been in use for over ten years .A)amendingB)fittingC)mendingD)renovatingThere were many people present and he appeared only for a few seconds, so I only caught a_____ of him .A)glanceB)glimpseC)lookD)sightI don't think it's wise of you to _____ your greater knowledge in front of the director, for it may offend him .A)show upB)show outC)show inD)show offThe returns in the short _____ may be small,but over a number of years the investment will be well repaid .A)intervalB)rangeC)spanD)termA thorough study of biology requires _____ with the properties of trees and plants,and the habit of birds and beasts .A)acquisitionB)discriminationC)curiosityD)familiarityShe worked hard at her task before she felt sure that the results would _____ her long effort .A)justifyC)rectifyD)verifyI'm very glad to know that my boss has generously agreed to _____ my debt in return for certain services .A)take awayB)cut outC)write offD)clear upSome journalists often overstate the situation so that their news may create a great _____ .A)explosionB)sensationC)exaggerationD)stimulationAccording to what you have just said,am I to understand that his new post _____ no responsibility with it at all? .A)shouldersB)possessesC)carriesD)sharesSometimes the student may be asked to write about his _____ to a certain book or article that has some bearing on the subject being studied .A)commentB)reactionC)impressionD)comprehensionPlease _____ yourself from smoking and spitting in public places,since the law fotbids them .A)restrainB)hinderC)restrictD)prohibitWithout telephone it would be impossible to carry on the functions of _____ every business operation in the whole country .A)practicallyB)preferablyC)preciselyD)presumablyPreliminary estimation puts the figure at around $110 billion, _____ the $160 billion the President is struggling to get through the Congress .A)in proportion toB)in reply toC)in relation toD)in contrast toHe is planning another tour abroad,yet his passport will _____ at the end of this month .A)expireB)exceedC)terminateD)ceaseAll the off-shore oil explorers were in high spirits as they read _____ letters from their families .A)sentimentalB)affectionateC)intimateD)sensitiveSeveral international events in the early 1990s seem likely to _____ ,or at least weaken,the trends that emerged in the 1980s .A)revoltB)revolveC)reverseD)reviveI was unaware of the critical points involved,so my choice was quite _____ .A)arbitraryB)rationalC)mechanicalD)unpredictableThe local people were joyfully surprised to find the price of vegetables no longer _____ according to the weather .A)alteredB)convertedC)fluctuatedD)modifiedThe pursuit of leisure on the part of the employees will certainly not _____ their prospect of promotion .A)spurB)furtherC)induceD)reinforceIn what _____ to a last minute stay of execution,a council announced that emergency funding would keep alive two aging satellites .A)appliesB)accountsC)attachesD)amountsPart II Cloze TestDirections:For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A),B),C),D). Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET I by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points)Until recently most histroians spoke very critically of the Industrial Revolution. They 41 that in the long run industrialization greatly raised the standard of living for the 42 man. But they insisted that its 43 results during the period from 1750 to 1850 were widespread poverty and misery for the 44 of the English population. 45 contrast, they saw in the preceding hundred years from 1650 to 1750, when England was still a 46 agricultural country, a period of great abundance and prosperity.This view, 47 ,is generally thought to be wrong. Specialists 48 history and economics, have 49 two things:that the period from 1650 to 1750 was 50 by great poverty, and that industrialization certainly did not worsen and may have actually improved the conditions for the majority of the populace.41.A)admitted B)believed C)claimed D)predicted42.A)plain B)average C)mean D)normal43.A)momentary B)prompt C)instant D)immediate44.A)bulk B)host C)gross D)magnitude45.A)On B)With C)For D)By46.A)broadly B)thoroughly C)generally D)completely47.A)however B)meanwhile C)therefore D)moreover48.A)at B)in C)about D)for49.A)manifested B)approved C)shown D)speculated50.A)noted B)impressed C)labeled D)markedPart III Reading ComprehensionDirections:Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each question there are four answers marked A),B),C) and D). Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Then mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET I by blackening thecorresponding letter in the brackets. (40 points)Passage 1Few creations of big technology capture the imagination like giant dams. Perhaps it is humankind's long suffering at the mercy of flood and drought that makes the ideal of forcing the waters to do our bidding so fascination. But to be fascinated is also, sometimes, to be blind. Several giant dam projects threaten to do more harm than good.The lesson from dams is that big is not always beautiful. It doesn't help that building a big, powerful dam has become a symbol of achievement for nations and people striving to assert themselves. Egypt's leadership in the Arab world was cemented by the Aswan High Dam. Turkey's bid for First World status includes the giant Ataturk Dam.But big dams tend not to work as intended. The Aswan Dam, for example stopped the Nile flooding but deprived Egypt of the fertile silt that floods left - all in return for a giant reservoir of disease which is now so full of silt that it barely generates electricity.And yet, the myth of controlling the waters persists. This week, in the heart of civilized Europe, Slovaks and Hungarians stopped just short of sending in the troops in their contention over a dam on the Danube. The huge complex will probably have all the usual problems of big dams. But Slovakia is bidding for independence from the Czechs, and now needs a dam to prove itself.Meanwhile, in India, the World Bank has given the go ahead to the even more wrong headed Narmada Dam. And the bank has done this even though its advisors say the dam will cause hardship for the powerless and environmental destruction. The benefits are for the powerful, but they are far from guaranteed.Proper, scientific study of the impacts of dams and of the cost and benefits of controlling water can help to resolve these conflicts. Hydroelectric power and flood control and irrigation are possible without building monster dams. But when you are dealing with myths, it is hard to be either proper, or scientific. It is time that the world learned the lessons of Aswan. You don't need a dam to be saved.The third sentence of paragraph 1 implies that _____ .A)people would be happy if they shut their eyes to realityB)the blind could be happier than the sightedC) over excited people tend to neglect vital things.D)fascination makes people lose their eyesightIn paragraph 5, “the powerless” probably refers to _____ .A)areas short of electricityB)dams without power stationsC)poor counrtries around IndiaD)common people in the Narmada Dam areaWhat is the myth concerning giant dams?A)They bring in more fertile soil.B)They help defend the country.C)They strengthen international ties.D)They have univeral control of the waters.What the author tries to suggest may best be interpreted as _____ .A)“It's no use crying over spilt milk”B)“More haste, less speed”C) “Look before you leap”D)“He who laughs last laughs best”Passage 2Well, no gain without pain, they say. But what about pain without gain? Everywhere you go in America, you hear tales of corporate revival. What is harder to establish is whether the productivity revolution that businessmen assume they are presiding over is for real.The official statistics are mildly discouraging. They show that, if you lump manufacturing and services together, productivity has grown on average by 1.2% since 1987. That is somewhat faster than the average during the previous decade. And since 1991, productivity has increased by about 2% a year, which is more than twice the 1978 87 average. The trouble is that part of the recent acceleration is due to the usual rebound that occurs at this point in a business cycle, and so is not conclusive evidence of a revival in the underlying trend. There is, as Robert Rubin, the treasury secretary, says, a “disjunction” between the mass of business anecdote that points to a leap in productivity and the picture reflected by the statistics.Some of this can be easily explanied. New ways of organizing the workplace all that re engineering and downsizing - are only one contribution to the overalll productivity of an economy, which is driven by many other factors such as joint investment in equipment and machinery, new technology, and investment in education and training. Moreover, most of the changes that companies make are intended to keep them profitable, and this need not always mean increasing productivity:switching to new markets or improving quality can matter just as much.Two other explanations are more speculative. First, some of the business restructuring of recent years may have been ineptly done. Second, even if it was well done, it may have spread much less widely than people suppose.Leonard Schlesinger, a Harvard academic and former chief executive of Au Bong Pain, a rapidly growing chain of bakery cafes, says that much “re engineering” has been crude. In many cases, he believes, the loss of revenue has been greater than the reductions in cost. His colleague, Michael Beer, says that far too many companies have applied re engineering in a mechanistic fashion, chopping out costs without giving sufficent thought to long term profitability. BBDO's Al Rosenshine is blunter. He dismisses a lot of the work of re engineering consultants as mere rubbish - “the worst sort of ambulance cashing.”According to the author, the American economic situation is _____ .A)not as good as it seemsB)at its turning pointC)much better than it seemsD)near to complete recoveryThe official statistics on productivity growth _____ .A)exclude the usual rebound in a business cycleB)fall short of businessmen's anticipationC)meet the expectation of business peopleD)fail to reflect the true state of economyThe author raises the question “what about pain without gain?” because _____ .A)he questions the truth of “no gain without pain”B)he does not think the productivity revolution worksC)he wonders if the official statistics are misleadingD)he has conclusive evidence for the revival of businessesWhich of the following statements is NOT mentioned in the passage?A)Radical reforms are essential for the increase of productivity.B)New ways of organizing workplaces may help to increase productivity.C)The reduction of costs is not a sure way to gain long term profitability.D)The consultants are a bunch of good for nothigns.Passage 3Science has long had an uneasy relationship with other aspects of culture. Think of Gallileo's 17th century trial for his rebelling belief before the Catholic Church or poet William Blake's harsh remarks against the mechanistic worldview of Isaac Newton. The schism between sceience and the humanities has, if anything, deepened in this century.Until recently, the seientific community was so powerful that it could affort to ignore its critics - but no longer. As funding for science has declined, scie ntists have attacked “antiscience” in several books, notably Higher Superstition, by Paul R.Gross, a biologist at the University of Verginia, and Norman Levitt, a mathematician at Rutgers University; and The Demon Haunted World, by Car Sagan of Cornell University.Defenders of science have also voiced their concerns at meetings such as “The Flight from Science and Reason,” held in New York City in 1995, and “Science in the Age of(Mis)information,”which assembled last June near Buffalo.Antiscience clearly means different things to different people. Gross and Levitt find fault primarily with sociologists, philosophers and other academics who have questioned science's objectivity. Sagan is more concerned with those who believe in ghosts, creationism and other phenomena that contradict the scientific worldview.A survey of news stories in 1996 reveals that the antiscience tag has been attached to many other groups as well, from authorities who advocated the elimination of the last remaining stocks of smallpox virus to Republicans who advocated decreased funding for basic research.Few would dispute that the term applies to the Unabomber, those manifesto, published in 1995, scorns science and longs for return to a pretechnological utopia. But surely that does not mean environmentalists concerned about uncontrolled industrial growth are antiscience, as an essay in US News & World Report last May seemed to suggest.The environmentalists, inevitably, respond to such critics. The true enemies of science, argues Paul Ehrlich of Stanford University, a pioneer of environmental studies, are those who question the evidence supporting global warming, the depletion of the ozone layer and other consequences of industrial growth.Indeed, some observers fear that the antiscience epithet is in danger of becoming meaningless. “The term 'antiscience' can lump together too many, quite different things,” notes Harvard University philosopher Gerald Holton in his 1993 work Science and Anti Science. “Theyhave in common only one thing that they tend to annoy or threaten those who regard themselves as more enlightened. ”The word “schism”(Line 4, Paragraph 1) in the context probably means _____ .A)confrontationB)dissatisfactionC)separationD)contemptParagraphs 2 and 3 are written to _____ .A)discuss the cause of the decline of science's powerB)show the author's symphathy with scientistsC)explain the way in which science developsD)exemplify the division of science and the humanitiesWhich of the following is true according to the passage?A)Environmentalists were blamed for antiscience in an essay.B)Politicans are not subject to the labeling of antiscience.C)The “more enlightened” tend to tag others as antiscienceD)Tagging environmentalists as “antiscience” is justifiableThe author's attitude toward the issue of “science vs. antiscience” is _____ .A)impartialB)subjectiveC)biasedD)puzzlingPassage 4Emerging from the 1980 census is the picture of a nation developing more and more regional competition, as population growth in the Northeast and Midwest reaches a near standstill.This development - and its strong implications for US politics and economy in years ahead - has enthroned the South as America's most densely populated region for the first time in the history of the nation's head counting.Altogether, the US population rose in the 1970s by 23.2 million people - numerically the third largest growth ever recorded in a single decade. Even so, that gain adds up to only 11.4 percent, lowest in American annual records except for the Depression years.Americans have been migrating south and west in larger number since World War II, and the pattern still prevails.Three sun belt states - Florida, Texas and California - together had nearly 10 million more people in 1980 than a decade earlier. Among large cities, San Diego moved from 14th to 8th and San Antonio from 15th to 10th - with Cleveland and Washington.DC,dropping out of the top 10.Not all that shift can be attributed to the movement out of the snow belt, census officials say, Nonstop waves of immigrants played a role, too - and so did bigger crops of babies as yesterday's “baby boom” generation reached its child bearing years.Moreover, demographers see the continuing shift south and west as joined by a related but newer phenomenon: More and more, Americans apparently are looking not just for places with more jobs but with fewer people, too. Some instances-●Regionally, the Rocky Mountain states reported the most rapid growth rate - 37.1 percent since 1970 in a vast area with only 5 percent of the US population.●Among states, Nevada and Arizona grew fastest of all: 63.5 and 53.1 percent respectively. Except fro Florida and Texas, the top 10 in rate of growth is composed of Western states with 7.5 million people - about 9 per square mile.The flight from overcrowdedness affects the migration from snow belt to morebearable climates.Nowhere do 1980 census statistics dramatize more the American search for spacious living than in the Far West. There, California added 3.7 million to its population in the 1970s, more than any other state.In that decade, however, large numbers also migrated from California, mostly to other parts of the West. Often they chose - and still are choosing - somewhat colder climates such as Oregon, Idaho and Alaska in order to escape smog, crime and other plagues of urbanization in the Golden State.As a result, California's growth rate dropped during the 1970s, to 18.5 percent - little more than two thirds the 1960s growth figure and considerably below that of other Western states.Discerned from the perplexing picture of population growth the 1980 census provided, America in 1970s _____ .A)enjoyed the lowest net growth of population in historyB)witnessed a southwestern shift of populationC)underwent an unparalleled period of population growthD)brought to a standstill its pattern of migration since World dWar IIThe census distinguished itself from previous studies on population movement in that _____ .A)it stresses the climatic influence on population distributionB)it highlights the contribution of continuous waves of immigrantsC)it reveals the Americans' new persuit of spacious livingD)it elaborates the delayed effects of yesterday's “baby boom”We can see from the available statistics that _____ .A)California was once the most thinly populated area in the whole USB)the top 10 states in growth rate of population were all located in the WestC)cities with better climates benefited unanimously from migrationD)Arizona ranked second of all states in its growth rate of populationThe word “demographers” (Line 1, Paragraph 8) mos t probably means _____ .A)people infavor of the trend of democracyB)advocates of migration between statesC)scientists engaged in the studey of populationD)conservatives clinging to old patterns of lifePassage 5Scattered around the globe are more than 100 small regions of isolated volcanic activity known to geologists as hot spots. Unlike most of the world's volcanoes, they are not always found at the boundaries of the great drifting plates that make up the earth's surface; on the contrary, many of them lie deep in the interior of a plate. Most of the hot spots move only slowly, and in some cases the movement of the plates past them has left trails of dead volcanoes. The hot spots and their volcanic trails are milestones that mark the passage of the plates.That the plates are moving is not beyond dispute. Africa and South America, for example, are moving away from eath other as new material is injected into the sea floor between them. The complementary coastlines and certain geological features that seem to span the ocean are reminders of where the two continents were once joined. The relative motion of the plates carrying these continents has been constructed in detail, but the motion of one plate with respect to another cannot readily be translated into motion with respect to the earth's interior. It is not possible to determine whether both continents are moving in opposite direcitons or whether one continent is stationary and the other is drifting away from it. Hot spots,anchored in the deeper layers of the earth, provide the measuring instruments needed to resolve the quesiton. From an analysis of the hot spot popultion it appears that the African plate is stationary and that it has not moved during the past 30 million years.The significance of hot spots is not confined to their role as a frame of reference. It now appears that they also have an important influence on the geophysical processes that propel the plates across the globe. When a continental plate come to rest over a hot spot, the material rising from deeper layer creates a broad dome. As the dome grows, it develops seed fissures(cracks); in at least a few cases the continent may break entirely along some of these fissures, so that the hot spot initiates the formation of a new ocean. Thus just as earlier theories have explanied the mobility of the continents, so hot spots may explain their mutability(inconstance).The author believes that _____ .A)the motion of the plates corresponds to that of the earth's interiorB)the geological theory about drifting plates has been proved to be trueC)the hot spots and the plates move slowly in opposite directionsD)the movement of hot spots proves the continents are moving apartThat Africa and South America were once joined can be deduced from the fact that _____ .A)the two continents are still moving in opposite direcitonsB)they have been found to share certain geological featuresC)the African plates has been stable for 30 million yearsD)over 100 hot spots are scattered all around the globeThe hot spot theory may prove useful in explaining _____ .A)the structure of the African platesB)the revival of dead volcanoesC)the mobility of the continentsD)the formation of new oceansThe passage is mainly about _____ .A)the features of volcanic activitiesB)the importance of the theory about drifting platesC)the significance of hot spots in geophysical studiesD)the process of the formation of volcanoesPart IV English Chinese TranslationDirections:Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese. Your translation must be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET II. (15 points).They were, by far, the largest and most distant objects that scientists had ever decteded: a strip of enourmous cosmic clouds some 15 billion light years from earth. 71) But even more important, it was the farthest that scientists had been able to look into the past, for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago. That was just about the moment that the universe was born. What the researchers found was at once both amazing and expected; the US National Aeronautics and Space Administratin's Cosmic Background Explorer satellite -Cobe-had disvocered landmark evidence that the universe did in fact begin with the primeval explosion that has become known as the Big Bang(the theory that the universe originated in an explosion from a single mass of energy).72) The existence of the giant clouds was virtually required for the Big Bang, first put forward in the 1920s, to maintain its reign as the dominant explanation of the cosmos. According the the theory, the universe burst into being as a submicroscopic, unimaginable dense knot of pure energy that flew outward in all directions, emitting radiation as it went, condensing into particles and then into atoms of gas. Over billions of years, the gas was compressed by gravity into galaxies, stars, plants and eventully, even humans.Cobe is designed to see just the biggest structures, but astronomers would like to see much smaller hot spots as well, the seeds of local objects like clusters and superclusters of galaxies. They shouldn't have long to wait. 73) Astrophysicists working with ground based detectors at the South Pole and balloon borne instruments are closing in on such structures, and may report their findings soon.74) If the small hot spots look as expected, that will be a triumph for yet another scientific idea, a refinement of the Big Bang called the inflationary universe theory. Inflation says that very early on, the unverse expanded in size by more than a trillion trillion trillion trillionfold in much less than a second, propelled by a sort of antigravity. 75) Odd though it sounds, cosmic inflation is a scientifically plausible consequence of some respected ideas in elementary particle physics, and many astrophysicists have been conviced for the better part of a decade that it is true.71._____________________________________________________________.72._____________________________________________________________.73._____________________________________________________________.74._____________________________________________________________.75._____________________________________________________________.Part V Writing (15 points)Directions:A.Study the following cartoon carefully and write an essay in no less than 150words.。
9月中级口译听力部分passagetranslation答案+评析-口译笔译考试.doc
9月中级口译听力部分passagetranslation答案+评析-口译笔译考试.doc9月中级口译听力部分passage translation 答案+评析-口译笔译考试2011年9月中高级口译考试已经结束，下面为9月中级口译听力部分passage translation答案+评析。
Passage 1Most people in Britain like drinking tea. Britons drink a quarter of all the tea grown in the world each year. They are the world’s greatest tea drinkers. Many of them drink it on at least 8 different occasions during the day. They drink it between meals and at meals. They drink early morning tea in bed. Some morning tea drinkers have automatic tea-making machines connected to their alarm clocks. They also drink afternoon tea in their sitting room or in their gardens.大多数英国人喜欢喝茶。
英国人每年可以喝掉世界上生产的四分之一的茶叶。
他们是世界上茶叶最大的消费人群。
许多英国人一天至少喝茶8次。
他们在饭前饭后喝茶，早上刚起床就喝茶。
一些早上起床喝茶的人们甚至把自己的制茶机和闹钟设定在一起。
他们在起居室，或者自己的花园里，也喜欢喝下午茶。
评析：这篇听译中，考生要注意对数字的记忆和理解。
难点在后面的3个喝茶时间(tea between meals, morning tea, afternoon tea 的信息捕捉和分析。
1998年考研英语真题答案及精析
根据英语语法，该条件句可简略为“Had it not been...”，故 A 正确答案。B、D 分 别是现在虚拟条件句和将来虚拟条件句的省略表达形式。C 不是虚拟形式。 【举例】If you had finished your work yesterday, you would be free all right now.
B. did not need have dressed up
C. did not need dress up
D. needn’t have dressed up
1
红宝书 网址：
通用网址：红宝书
【句意】原来那只不过是一个小小的家庭聚会，我们真没有必要穿戴得那么正式。
女孩”。这才符合句子的意思，应该选 D。 【举例】The little house which we used to go to has disappeared.
She is the woman whom I talked to yesterday.
3红宝书 网址：Fra bibliotek【答案】D
【考核知识点】介词用法
【解析】根据句子的意思可知，定语从句“whom I was at school”只有加上一个介词后才能 完整；如果用“about”、“since”或“till”，则句子的时态不对，意思也不完整；只有
用“with”与“whom I was at school”一起构成定语从句，表示“和我同校学习的那名
表示某事已经做了；根据“it turned out to be(原来是)”可知，我们已经参加了那个 聚会，所以 A、C 不对；B 的表达方式明显不对，应该为“did not need to have dressed up”。即选 D。
1998年专八真题+解析+听力原文
Part Ⅰ Listening Comprehension (40 min)In Sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONL Y. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct response to each question on your Coloured Answer Sheet.SECTION A TALKQuestions 1 to 5 refer to the talk in this section. At the end of the talk you w ill be given 15 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the talk.1. The technology to make machines quieter ___.A. has been in use since the 1930‟sB. has accelerated industrial productionC. has just been in commercial useD. has been invented to remove all noises2. The modern electronic anti-noise devices ___.A. are an update version of the traditional methodsB. share similarities with the traditional methodsC. are as inefficient as the traditional methodsD. are based on an entirely new working principle3. The French company is working on anti-noise techniques to be used in all EXCEPT ___.A. streetsB. factoriesC. aircraftD. cars4. Accordi ng to the talk, workers in “zones of quiet” can ___.A. be more affected by noiseB. hear talk from outside the zoneC. work more efficientlyD. be heard outside the zone5. The main theme of the talk is about ___.A. noise-control technologyB. noise in factoriesC. noise-control regulationsD. noise-related effectsSECTION B INTERVIEWQuestions 6 to 10 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 15 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview.6. Employees in the US are paid for their time. This means that they are supposed to ___.A. work hard while their boss is aroundB. come to work when there is work to be doneC. work with initiative and willingnessD. work through their lunch break7. One of the advantages of flexible working hours is that ___.A. pressure from work can be reducedB. working women can have more time at homeC. traffic and commuting problems can be solvedD. personal relationships in offices can be improved8. On the issue of working contracts in the US, which statement is NOT correct?A. Performance at work matters more than anything else.B. There are laws protecting employees‟ working rights.C. Good reasons must be provided in order to fire workers.D. Working contracts in the US are mostly short-term ones.9. We can be assumed from the interview that an informal atmosphere might be found in ___.A. small firmsB. major banksC. big corporationsD. law offices10. The interview is mainly about ___ in the USA.A. office hierarchiesB. office conditionsC. office rolesD. office lifeSECTION C NEWS BROADCASTQuestion 11 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.11. Senator Bob Dole‟s attitude towards Clinton‟s anti-crime policy is that of ___.A. oppositionB. supportC. ambiguityD. indifferenceQuestions 12 and 13 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 30 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the news.12. Japan and the United States are now ___.A. negotiating about photographic materialB. negotiating an automobile agreementC. facing serious problems in tradeD. on the verge of a large-scale trade war13. The news item seems to indicate that the agreement ___.A. will end all other related trade conflictsB. is unlikely to solve the dispute once and for allC. is linked to other trade agreementsD. is the last of its kind to be reachedQuestions 14 and 15 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 30 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the news.14. According to the news, the ice from Greenland provides information about ___.A. oxygenB. ancient weatherC. carbon dioxideD. temperature15. Which of the following statements is CORRECT?A. Drastic changes in the weather have been common since ancient times.B. The change in weather from very cold to very hot lasted over a century.C. The scientists have been studying ice to forecast weather in the future.D. The past 10,000 years have seen minor changes in the weather.SECTION D NOTE-TAKING AND GAP-FILLINGFill in each of the gaps with ONE word. You may refer to your notes. Make sure the word you fill in is both grammatically and semantically acceptable.At present companies and industries like to sponsor sports events. Two reasons are put forward to explain this phenomenon. The first reason is that they get (1) ___ throughout the world.1.___The second reason is that companies and industries (2) ___ money, 2.___ as they get reductions in the tax they owe if they sponsor sports or arts activities.As sponsorship is (3) ___, careful thinking is required in deciding 3.___ which events to sponsor.It is important that the event to be sponsored (4) ___ the product (s) 4.___ to be promoted. That is, the right (5) ___ and maximum product coverage 5.___ must be guaranteed in the event.Points to be considered in sports sponsorship. Popularity of the eventInternational sports events are big (6) ___ events, which get extensive 6.___ coverage on TV and in the press.Smaller events attract fewer people. Identification of the potential audienceAiming at the right audience is most important for smaller events.The right audience would attract manufacturers of other related products like (7) ___, etc.7.___ Advantages of sponsorshipAdvantages are longer-term.People are expected to respond (8) ___ to the products promoted. 8.___ And be more likely to buy them.Advertising is (9) ___ the mind. 9.___Sponsorship is better than straight advertising: a) less (10) ___ 10.___b) tax-freePart Ⅱ Proofreading and Error Correction (15 min)The following passage contains TEN errors. Each line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way. For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line. For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “∧” sign and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of the line. For an unnecessary word cross out the unnecessary word with a slash “/‟ and put the word in the blank provided at the end of the line.ExampleWhen∧art museum wants a new exhibit, (1) anit never／buys things in finished form and hangs (2) neverthem on the wall. When a natural history museumwants an exhibition, it must often build it. (3) exhibitThe hunter-gatherer tribes that today live as our prehistoric 1.___human ancestors consume primarily a vegetable diet supplementing 2.___with animal foods. An analysis of 58 societies of modem hunter-gatherers, including the Kung of southern Africa, revealed that onehalf emphasize gathering plant foods, one-third concentrate on fishingand only one-sixth are primarily hunters. Overall, two-thirdsand more of the hunter-gatherer‟s calories come from plants. Detailed 3.___studies of the Kung by the food scientists at the University ofLondon, showed that gathering is a more productive source of foodthan is hunting. An hour of hunting yields in average about 100 4.___edible calories, as an hour of gathering produces 240. 5.___Plant foods provide for 60 percent to 80 percent of the Kung 6.___diet, and no one goes hungry when the hunt fails. Interestingly, ifthey escape fatal infections or accidents, these contemporaryaborigines live to old ages despite of the absence of medical care. 7.___They experience no obesity, no middle-aged spread, little dentaldecay, no high blood pressure, on heart disease, and their bloodcholesterol levels are very low ( about half of the average American 8.___adult), if no one is suggesting what we return to an aboriginal life 9.___style, we certainly could use their eating habits as a model for 10.___healthier diet.Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 min)SECTION A READING COMPREHENSION (30 min)In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of fifteen multiple-choice questions. Read the passages carefully and then mark your answers on your Coloured Answer Sheet.TEXT ARicci‟s “Operation Columbus”Ricci, 45, is now striking out on perhaps his boldest venture yet. He plan s to market an English language edition of his elegant monthly art magazine, FMR, in the United States. Once again the skeptics are murmuring that the successful Ricci has headed for a big fall. And once again Ricci intends to prove them wrong.Ricci is so confident that he has christened his qu est “Operation Columbu s” and has set his sights on discovering an American readership of 300,000. That goal may not be too far-fetched. The Italian edition of FMR —the initials, of course, stand for Franco Maria Ricci-is only 18 months old. But it is already the second largest art magazine in the world, with a circulation of 65,000 and a profit margin of US $ 500,000. The American edition will be patterned after theItalian version, with each 160-page issue carrying only 40 pages of ads and no more than five articles. But the contents will often differ. The English-language edition will include more American works, Ricci says, to help Americans get o ver “an inferiority complex about their art.” He also hopes that the magazine will become a vehicle for a two -way cultural exchange — what he likes to think of as a marriage of brains, culture and taste from both sides of the Atlantic.To realize this vision, Ricci is mounting one of the most lavish, enterprising —and expensive-promotional campaigns in magazine —publishing history. Between November and January, eight jumbo jets will fly 8 million copies of a sample 16-page edition of FMR across the Atlantic. From a warehouse in Michigan, 6.5 million copies will be mailed to American subscribers of various cultural, art and business magazines. Some of the remaining copies will circulate as a special Sunday supplement in the New York Times. The cost of launching Operation Columbus is a staggering US $ 5 million, but Ricci is hoping that 60% of the price tag will be financed by Italian corporations.“ To land in America Columbus had to use Spanish sponsors,” reads one sentence in his promotional pamphlet. “We would like Italians.”Like Columbus, Ricci cannot know what his reception will be on foreign shores. In Italy he gambled — and won — on a simple concept: it is more important to show art than to write about it. Hence, one issue of FMR might feature 32 full-colour pages of 17th-century tapestries, followed by 14 pages of outrageous e yeglasses. He is gambling that the concept is exportable. “I don‟t expect that more than 30% of my reader... will actually r ead FMR,” he says. “The magazine is such a visual delight that they don‟t have to.” Still, he is lining up an impressive stable of writers and professors for the American edition, including Noam Chomsky, Anthony Burgess, Eric Jong and Norman Mailer. In addition, he seems to be pursuing his won eclectic vision without giving a moment‟s thought to such es tablished competitors as Connoisseur and Horizon. “The Americans can do almost everythi ng better than we can,” says Ri c ci, “But we (the Italians) have a 2,000 year edge on them in art.”16. Ricci intends his American edition of FMR to carry more American art works in order to___.A. boost Americans‟ confidence in their artB. follow the pattern set by his Italian editionC. help Italians understand American art betterD. expand the readership of his magazine17. Ricci is compared to Columbus in the passage mainly because___.A. they both benefited from Italian sponsorsB. they were explorers in their own waysC. they obtained overseas sponsorshipD. they got a warm reception in America18. We get the impression that the American edition of FMR will probably ___.A. carry many academic articles of high standardB. follow the style of some famous existing magazinesC. be mad by one third of American magazine readersD. pursue a distinctive editorial style of its ownTEXT BMy mother‟s relations were very different from the Mitfords. Her brother, Uncle Geoff, who often came to stay at Swimbrook, was a small spare man with thoughtful blue eyes and a rather silent manner. Compared to Uncle Tommy, he was a n intellectual of the highest order, and indeed his satirical pen belied his mil d demeanor. He spent most of his waking hours composing letters to The Times and other publications in which he outlined his own particular theory of the develo pment of English history. In Uncle Geoff‟s view, the greatness of England had risen and waned over the centuries in direct proportion to the use of natural manure in fertilizing the soil. The Black Death of 1348 was caused by gradual loss of the humus fertility found under forest trees. The rise of the Elizabethans two centuries later was attributable to the widespread use of sheep manure.Many of Uncle Geoff‟s letters-to-the-editor have fortunately been preserved in a privately printed volume called Writings of a Rebel. Of the collection, one letter best sums up his views on the relationship between manure and freedom.He wrote:Collating old records shows that our greatness rises and falls with the living fertility of our soil. And now, many years of exhausted and chemically murdered soil, and of devitalized food from it, has softened our bodies and still worse, softened our national character. It is an actual fact that character is largely a product of the soil. Many years of murdered food from deadened soil has m ade us too tame. Chemicals have had their poisonous day. It is now the worm‟s t urn to reform the manhood of England. The only way to regain our punch, our character, our lost virtues, and with them the freedom natural to islanders, is to compost our land so as to allow moulds, bacteria and earthworms to remake living s oil to nourish Englishmen‟s bodies and spirits.The law requiring pasteurization of milk in England was a particular targe t of Uncle Geoff‟s. Fond of al literation, he dubbed it “Murdered Milk Measure”, and established the Liberty Restoration League, with headquarters at his house in London, for the specific purpose of organizing a counteroffensive. “Freedom no t Doctordom” was the League‟s proud slogan. A subsidiary, but nevertheless important, activity of the League was advocacy of a return to the “unsplit, slowly smoked fish” and bread made with “English stone-ground flour, yeast, milk, sea s alt and raw cane-sugar.”19. According to Uncle Geoff, national strength could only be regained by ___.A. reforming the manhood of EnglandB. using natural manure as fertilizerC. eating more bacteria-free foodD. granting more freedom to Englishmen20. The tone of the passage can most probably be described as___.A. facetiousB. seriousC. nostalgicD. factualTEXT CInterviewSo what have they taught you at college about interviews? Some courses go t o town on it,others do very little. You may get conflicting advice. Only one thing is certain: the key to success is preparation.There follow some useful suggestions from a teacher training course coordinator, a head of department and a headteacher. As they appear to be in complete harmony with one another despite never having met, we may take their advice seriously.Oxford Brookes University‟s approach to the b usiness of application and interview focuses on research and rehearsal. Training course coordinator Brenda St evens speaks of the value of getting students “to deconstruct the advertisement, see what they can offer to that school, and that situation, and then write the letter, do their CVs and criticize each other‟s.” Finally, they role play interviewer and interviewee.This is sterling stuff, and Brookes students spend a couple of weeks on it. “The better pr epared students won‟t be thrown by nerves on the day,”says Ms St evens. “They‟ll have their strategies and questions worked out.” She also says, a trifle disconcertingly, “the better the student, the worse the interviewee.” She believes the most capable students are less able to put themselves forward. Even if this were tree, says Ms Stevens, you must still make your own case.“Beware of infernality,” she advises. One as pirant teacher, now a head of department at a smart secondary school, failed his first job interview because he took his jacket off while waiting for his appointment. It was hot and everyone in the staffroom was in shirtsleeves but at the end of the day they criticized h is casual attitude, which they had deduced from the fact that he took his jacket off in the staffroom, even though he put it back on for the interview.Incidentally, men really do have to wear a suit to the interview and women really cannot wear jeans, even if men never wear the suit again and women teach most days in jeans. Panels respond instantly to these indicators. But beware: it will not please them any better if you are too smart.Find out about the people who will talk to you. In the early meetings they are likely to be heads of departments or heads of year. Often they may be concerned with pastoral matters. It makes sense to know their priorities and let them hear the things about you that they want to hear.During preliminary meetings you may be seen in groups with two or three other applicants and you must demonstrate that you know your stuff without putting your companions down. The interviewers will be watching how you work with a team. But remember the warning about informality: however friendly and co-operative the other participants are, do not give way to the idea that you are there just to be friends.Routine questions can be rehearsed, but “don‟t go on too long,” advises th e department head. They may well ask: “What have been your worst/best moments w h en teaching?”, or want you to “talk about some good teach ing you have done.”The experts agree you should recognize your weaknesses and offer a strategy for over coming them. “I know I‟ve got to work on classro om management — I would hope fo r some help,” perhaps. No one expects a new teac her to know it all, but they hope for an objective appraisal of capabilities.Be warned against inexpert questioning. You may be asked questions in such a way that it seems impossible to present your best features. Some questions may be plain silly, asked perhaps by people on the panel who are from outside the situation. Do not be thrown, have ways of circumnavigating it, and never, ever le t them see that you think they have said something foolish.You will almost certainly be asked how you see the future and it is import ant to have a good answer prepared. Some people are put off by being asked what they expect to be doing in five or ten years‟ tim e. On your preliminary visit, says the department head, be sure to give them a bit ofan interview of your own, to see the direction the department is going and what you could contribute to it.The headteacher offers his thoughts in a nine-point plan. Iron the application form! Then it stands out from everyone else‟s, which have been folded and battered in the post. It gives an initial impression which may get your application to the top of the pile. Ensure that your application is tailored to the particular school. Make the head feel you are writing directly to him or her. Put yourself at ease before you meet the interviewing panel: if you are nervous, you will talk too quickly. Before you enter the room remember that the people are human beings too; take away the mystique of their roles. Listen. There is a danger of not hearing accurately what is being said. Make eye contact with the speakers, and with everyone in the room. Allow your warmth and humanity to be seen. A sense of humour is very important.Have a portfolio of your work that can link theory to practice. Many schools want you to show work. For a primary appointment, give examples from the range of the curriculum, not just art. (For this reason, taking pictures on your teaching practice is important. ) Prepare yourself in case you are asked to give a talk. Have prompt cards ready, and don‟t waffle.Your speech must be clear and articulate, with correct grammar. This is important: they want to hear you and they want to hear how well you can communicate wit h children. Believe in yourself and have confidence.Some of the people asking the questions don‟t know much about what you do. Be ready to help them.Thus armed, you should have no difficulty at all. Good luck and keep your jacket on!21. Ms. Brenda Stevens suggests that before applying job applicants should ___.A. go through each other‟s CVsB. rehearse their answers to questionsC. understand thoroughly the situationsD. go to town to attend training course22. Is it wise to admit some of your weaknesses relating to work?A. Yes, but you should have ideas for improvement in the future.B. Yes, because it is natural to be weak in certain aspects.C. No, admitting weaknesses may put you at a disadvantage.D. No, it will only prompt the interviewees to reject you.23. The best way to deal with odd questions from the interviewers is to ___.A. remain smiling and kindly point out the inaccuraciesB. keep calm and try to be tactful in your answersC. say frankly what you think about the issues raisedD. suggest something else to get over your nervousness24. The suggestions offered by the headteacher are ___.A. originalB. ambiguousC. practicalD. controversialTEXT DFamily MattersThis month Singapore passed a bill that would give legal teeth to the moral obligation to support one‟s parents. Called the Maintenance of Parents Bill, i t received the backing of the Singapore Government.That does not mean it hasn‟t generated discu ssion. Several members of the Parliament opposed the measure as un-Asian. Others who acknowledged the problem o f the elderly poor believed it a disproportionate response. Still others believe it will subvert relations within the family: cynics dubbed it the “Sue Your So n” law.Those who say that the bill does not promote filial responsibility, of course, are right. It has nothing to do with filial responsibility. It kicks in where filial responsibility fails. The law cannot legislate filial responsibility any more than it can legislate love. All the law can do is to provide a safety net where this morality proves insufficient. Singapore needs this bill not to replace morality, but to provide incentives to shore it up.Like many other developed nations, Singapore faces the problems of an increasing proportion of people over 60 years of age. Demography is inexorable. In 19 80, 7.2% of the population was in this bracket. By the end of the century that figure will grow to 11%. By 2030, the proportion is projected to be 26%. The problem is not old age per se. It is that the ratio of economically active people to economically inactive people will decline.But no amount of government exhortation or paternalism will completely eliminate the problem of old people who have insufficient means to make ends meet. Some people will fall through the holes in any safety net.Traditionally, a person‟s insurance against poverty in his old age was his family, lifts is not a re volutionary concept. Nor is it uniquely Asian. Care an d support for one‟s parents is a universal value shared by all civilized societies.The problem in Singapore is that the moral obligation to look after one‟s parents is unenforceable. A father can be compelled by law to maintain his children. A husband can be forced to support his wife. But, until now, a son or daughter had no legal obligation to support his or her parents.In 1989, an Advisory Council was set up to look into the problems of the aged. Its report stated with a tinge of complacency that 95% of those who did not have their own income were receiving cash contributions from relations. But what about the 5% who aren‟t getting relatives‟support? They have several options: (a) get a job and work until they die; (b) apply for public assistance (you have to be destitute to apply); or (c) starve quietly. None of these options is socially acceptable. And what if this 5% figure grows, as it is likely to do, as society ages?The Maintenance of Parents Bill was put forth to encourage the traditional virtues that have so far kept Asian nations from some of the breakdowns encountered in other affluent societies. This legislation will allow a person to apply t o the court for maintenance from any or all of his children. The court would have the discretion to refuse to make an order if it is unjust.Those who deride the proposal for opening up the courts to family lawsuits miss the point. Only in extreme cases would any parent take his child to court. If it does indeed become law, the bill‟s effect would be far more subtle.First, it will reaffirm the notion that it is each individual‟s—not soci ety‟s—responsibility to look after his parents. Singapore is still conservative enough that most people will not object to this idea. It reinforces the tradit ional values and it doesn‟t hurt a society now and then to reminditself of its core values.Second, and more important, it will make those who are inclined to shirk their responsibilities think twice. Until now, if a person asked family elders, clergymen or the Ministry of Community Development to help get financial support from his children, the most they could do was to mediate. But mediators have no teeth, and a child could simply ignore their pleas.But to be s ued by one‟s parents would be a massive loss of face. It would be a public disgrace. Few people would be so thick-skinned as to say, “Sue and be damned”. The hand of the conciliator would be immeasurably strengthened. It is far more likely that some sort of amicable settlement would be reached if the recalcitrant son or daughter knows that the alternative is a public trial.It would be nice to think Singapore doesn‟t need this kind of law. But that belief ignores the clear demographic trends and the effect of affluence itself on traditional bends. Those of us who pushed for the bill will consider ourselves most successful if it acts as an incentive not to have it invoked in the firs t place.25. The Maintenance of Parents Bill ___.A. received unanimous support in the Singapore ParliamentB. was believed to solve all the problems of the elderly poorC. was intended to substitute for traditional values in SingaporeD. was passed to make the young more responsible to the old26. By quoting the growing percentage points of the aged in the population, the author seems to imply that ___.A. the country will face mounting problems of the old in futureB. the social welfare system would be under great pressureC. young people should be given more moral educationD. the old should be provided with means of livelihood27. Which of the following statements is CORRECT?A. Filial responsibility in Singapore is enforced by law.B. Fathers have legal obligations to look after their children.C. It is an acceptable practice for the old to continue working.D. The Advisory Council was dissatisfied with the problems of the old.28. The author seems to suggest that traditional values ___.A. play an insignificant role in solving social problemsB. are helpful to the elderly when they sue their childrenC. are very important in preserving Asian uniquenessD. are significant in helping the Bill get approved29. The author thinks that if the Bill becomes law, its effect would be ___.A. indirectB. unnoticedC. apparentD. straightforward30. At the end of the passage, the author seems to imply that success of the Bill depends upon ___.。
199809高译答案及听力原文
1998.9上海市英语高级口译资格证书第一阶段考试参考答案:SECTION 1: LISTENING TESTPart A: Spot Dictation1. one-sixth /1/62. the ocean’s tides3. the occurrence of earthquakes4. affect our behavior5. moon’s phases6. easier or harder to catch7. famous astronomer 8. has an effect9. strange and unpredictable 10. really a connection11. police and fire 12. crime an unusual behavior13. car accidents 14. welfare checks15. is convinced 16. very hard to prove17. 1984 18. crime rates and the full moon19. deal directly with 20. specify exactlyPart B: Listening Comprehension1-5 C C B A D 6-10 B A A A B11-15 C B C D D 16-20 C A A C ?SECTION 2: READING TEST1-5 D C C B A 6-10 B D B A C11-15 B A B D D 6-20 D C B C CSECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST英语是一种多么崇高的工具！我们每写下一页，都不可能不对祖国语言的丰富多彩、灵便精深产生一种赞同的喜悦。
如果某个英国作家不能用英语，不能用简明的英语说出自己必须说的话，那么这样的话也许就不值得说。
英语没有更广泛地得到学习是何等憾事。
1998年考研英语试题及答案
1998年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Structure and VocabularyPart ADirections:Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (5 points)Example:I have been to the Great Wall three times ________ 1979.[A] from[B] after[C] for[D] sinceThe sentence should read, “I have been to the Great Wall three t imes since 1979.” Therefore, you should choose [D].1. I worked so late in the office last night that I hardly had time________ the last bus.[A] to have caught[B] to catch[C] catching[D] having caught2. As it turned out to be a small house party, we ________ so formally.[A] needn’t dress up[B] did not need have dressed up[C] did not need dress up[D] needn’t have dressed up3. I apologize if I ________ you, but I assure you it was unintentional.[A] offend[B] had offended[C] should have offended[D] might have offended4. Although a teenager, Fred could resist ________ what to do and whatnot to do.[A] to be told[B] having been told[C] being told[D] to have been told5. Greater efforts to increase agricultural production must be madeif food shortage ________ avoided.[A] is to be[B] can be[C] will be[D] has been6. Doing your homework is a sure way to improve your test scores, andthis is especially true ________ it comes to classroom tests.[A] before[B] as[C] since[D] when7. There are over 100 night schools in the city, making it possiblefor a professional to be reeducated no matter ________ he does.[A] how[B] where[C] what[D] when8. I’ve kept up a friendship with a girl whom I was at school ________twenty years ago.[A] about[B] since[C] till[D] with9. He wasn’t asked to take on the chairmanship of the society,________ insufficiently popular with all members.[A] being considered[B] considering[C] to be considered[D] having considered10. ________ for the timely investment from the general public, ourcompany would not be so thriving as it is.[A] Had it not been[B] Were it not[C] Be it not[D] Should it not bePart BDirections:Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Identify the part of the sentence that is incorrect and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (5 points)Example:A number of [A] foreign visitors were taken [B] to the industrial exhibition, which [C] they saw [D] many new products.Part [C] is wrong. The sentence should read, “A number of foreign visitors were taken to the industrial exhibition, where they saw many new products.” So you should choose [C].11. According to Darwin, random changes that enhance a species’Aability for survivingB areCnaturally selected and passed onto succeedingDgenerations.12. Neither rain nor snow keepsAthe postman from delivering our letterswhich B we so muchClook forward to receiveD.13. If they will not acceptA a check, we shall haveBto pay the cashC,though it would beDmuch trouble for both sides.14. Having beenA robbed offBeconomic importance, those states are notClikely to count for very muchDin international political terms.15. The message will beA thatBneither the market nor the government iscapable of dealing with all of theirC uncontrollable practicesD.16. The logic of scientific development is suchA that separatesBgroupsof men working onC the same problem in far-scatteredDlaboratoriesare likely to arrive at the same answer at the same time.17. Yet not all of these races are intellectual inferior toAtheEuropean races, andB some may even have aCfreshness and vitalitythat can renew the energiesDof more advanced races.18. TheAmore than 50,000 nuclear weapons in the hands of variousnations today are more thanB ample destroyingCevery city in theworld several times overD.19. The universe works in a way so far removeAfrom what common sensewould B allow thatCwords of any kind must necessarily be inadequateto explain itD.20. The integration of independent states could best beAbrought aboutby firstB creating a central organization with authoritiesCovertechnicalDeconomic tasks.Part CDirections:Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points)Example:The lost car of the Lees was found ________ in the woods off the highway.[A] vanished[B] scattered[C] abandoned[D] rejectedThe sentence should read, “The lost car of the Lees was found abandoned in the woods off the highway.” Therefore, you should choose [C].21. The machine needs a complete ________ since it has been in use forover ten years.[A] amending[B] fitting[C] mending[D] renovating22. There were many people present and he appeared only for a fewseconds, so I only caught a ________ of him.[A] glance[B] glimpse[C] look[D] sight23. I don’t think it’s wise of you to ________ your greater knowledgein front of the director, for it may offend him.[A] show up[B] show out[C] show in[D] show off24. The returns in the short ________ may be small, but over a numberof years the investment will be well repaid.[A] interval[B] range[C] span[D] term25. A thorough study of biology requires ________ with the propertiesof trees and plants, and the habit of birds and beasts.[A] acquisition[B] discrimination[C] curiosity[D] familiarity26. She worked hard at her task before she felt sure that the resultswould ________ her long effort.[A] justify[B] testify[C] rectify[D] verify27. I’m very glad to know that my boss has generously agreed to________ my debt in return for certain services.[A] take away[B] cut out[C] write off[D] clear up28. Some journalists often overstate the situation so that their newsmay create a great ________.[A] explosion[B] sensation[C] exaggeration[D] stimulation29. According to what you have just said, am I to understand that hisnew post ________ no responsibility with it at all?[A] shoulders[B] possesses[C] carries[D] shares30. Sometimes the student may be asked to write about his ________ toa certain book or article that has some bearing on the subjectbeing studied.[A] comment[B] reaction[C] impression[D] comprehension31.Please ________ yourself from smoking and spitting in public places,since the law forbids them.[A] restrain[B] hinder[C] restrict[D] prohibit32. Without telephone it would be impossible to carry on the functionsof ________ every business operation in the whole country.[A] practically[B] preferably[C] precisely[D] presumably33. Preliminary estimation puts the figure at around $110 billion,________ the $160 billion the President is struggling to get through the Congress.[A] in proportion to[B] in reply to[C] in relation to[D] in contrast to34. He is planning another tour abroad, yet his passport will ________at the end of this month.[A] expire[B] exceed[C] terminate[D] cease35. All the off-shore oil explorers were in high spirits as they read________ letters from their families.[A] sentimental[B] affectionate[C] intimate[D] sensitive36. Several international events in the early 1990s seem likely to________, or at least weaken, the trends that emerged in the 1980s.[A] revolt[B] revolve[C] reverse[D] revive37. I was unaware of the critical points involved, so my choice wasquite ________.[A] arbitrary[B] rational[C] mechanical[D] unpredictable38. The local people were joyfully surprised to find the price ofvegetables no longer ________ according to the weather.[A] altered[B] converted[C] fluctuated[D] modified39. The pursuit of leisure on the part of the employees will certainlynot ________ their prospect of promotion.[A] spur[B] further[C] induce[D] reinforce40. In what ________ to a last minute stay of execution, a councilannounced that emergency funding would keep alive two aging satellites.[A] applies[B] accounts[C] attaches[D] amountsSection II Cloze TestDirections:For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C], and [D]. Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points)Until recently most historians spoke very critically of theIndustrial Revolution. They 41 that in the long runindustrialization greatly raised the standard of living for the42 man. But they insisted that its 43 results during theperiod from 1750 to 1850 were widespread poverty and misery for the44 of the English population. 45 contrast, they saw in thepreceding hundred years from 1650 to 1750, when England was still a46 agricultural country, a period of great abundance andprosperity.This view, 47, is generally thought to be wrong. Specialists48 history and economics, have 49 two things: that the period from 1650 to 1750 was 50 by great poverty, and thatindustrialization certainly did not worsen and may have actually improved the conditions for the majority of the populace.41. [A] admitted[B] believed[C] claimed[D] predicted42. [A] plain[B] average[C] mean[D] normal43. [A] momentary[B] prompt[C] instant[D] immediate44. [A] bulk[B] host[C] gross[D] magnitude45. [A] On[B] With[C] For[D] By46. [A] broadly[B] thoroughly[C] generally[D] completely47. [A] however[B] meanwhile[C] therefore[D] moreover48. [A] at[B] in[C] about[D] for49. [A] manifested[B] approved[C] shown[D] speculated50. [A] noted[B] impressed[C] labeled[D] markedSection III Reading ComprehensionDirections:Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each question there are four answers marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Then mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET 1by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (40 points)Text 1Few creations of big technology capture the imagination like giant dams. Perhaps it is humankind’s long suffering at the mercy of flood and drought that makes the idea of forcing the waters to do our bidding so fascinating. But to be fascinated is also, sometimes, to be blind. Several giant dam projects threaten to do more harm than good.The lesson from dams is that big is not always beautiful. It doesn’t help that bu ilding a big, powerful dam has become a symbol of achievement for nations and people striving to assert themselves. Egypt’s leadership in the Arab world was cemented by the Aswan High Dam. Turkey’s bid for First World status includes the giant Ataturk Dam.But big dams tend not to work as intended. The Aswan Dam, for example, stopped the Nile flooding but deprived Egypt of the fertile silt that floods left -- all in return for a giant reservoir of disease which is now so full of silt that it barely generates electricity.And yet, the myth of controlling the waters persists. This week, in the heart of civilized Europe, Slovaks and Hungarians stopped just short of sending in the troops in their contention over a dam on the Danube. The huge complex will probably have all the usual problems of big dams. But Slovakia is bidding for independence from the Czechs, and now needs a dam to prove itself.Meanwhile, in India, the World Bank has given the go-ahead to the even more wrong-headed Narmada Dam. And the bank has done this even though its advisors say the dam will cause hardship for the powerless and environmental destruction. The benefits are for the powerful, but they are far from guaranteed.Proper, scientific study of the impacts of dams and of the cost and benefits of controlling water can help to resolve these conflicts. Hydroelectric power and flood control and irrigation are possiblewithout building monster dams. But when you are dealing with myths, it is hard to be either proper, or scientific. It is time that the world learned the lessons of Aswan. You don’t need a dam to be saved.51. The third sentence of Paragraph 1 implies that ________.[A] people would be happy if they shut their eyes to reality[B] the blind could be happier than the sighted[C] over-excited people tend to neglect vital things[D] fascination makes people lose their eyesight52. In P aragraph 5, “the powerless” probably refers to ________.[A] areas short of electricity[B] dams without power stations[C] poor countries around India[D] common people in the Narmada Dam area53. What is the myth concerning giant dams?[A] They bring in more fertile soil.[B] They help defend the country.[C] They strengthen international ties.[D] They have universal control of the waters.54.What the author tries to suggest may best be interpreted as ________.[A] “It’s no use crying over spilt milk”[B] “More haste, less speed”[C] “Look before you leap”[D] “He who laughs last laughs best”Text 2Well, no gain without pain, they say. But what about pain without gain? Everywhere you go in America, you hear tales of corporate revival. What is harder to establish is whether the productivity revolution that businessmen assume they are presiding over is for real.The official statistics are mildly discouraging. They show that, if you lump manufacturing and services together, productivity has grown on average by 1.2% since 1987. That is somewhat faster than the average during the previous decade. And since 1991, productivity has increased by about 2% a year, which is more than twice the 1978-87 average. The trouble is that part of the recent acceleration is due to the usualrebound that occurs at this point in a business cycle, and so is not conclusive evidence of a revival in the underlying trend. There is, as Robert Rubin, the treasury secretary, says, a “disjunction” between the mass of business anecdote that points to a leap in productivity and the picture reflected by the statistics.Some of this can be easily explained. New ways of organizing the workplace -- all that re-engineering and downsizing -- are only one contribution to the overall productivity of an economy, which is driven by many other factors such as joint investment in equipment and machinery, new technology, and investment in education and training. Moreover, most of the changes that companies make are intended to keep them profitable, and this need not always mean increasing productivity: switching to new markets or improving quality can matter just as much.Two other explanations are more speculative. First, some of the business restructuring of recent years may have been ineptly done. Second, even if it was well done, it may have spread much less widely than people suppose.Leonard Schlesinger, a Harvard academic and former chief executive of Au Bong Pain, a rapidly growing chain of bakery cafes, says that much “re-engineering” has been crude. In many cases, he believes, the loss of revenue has been greater than the reductions in cost. His colleague, Michael Beer, says that far too many companies have applied re-engineering in a mechanistic fashion, chopping out costs without giving sufficient thought to long-term profitability. BBDO’s Al Rosenshine is blunter. He dismisses a lot of the work of re-engineering consultants as mere rubbish -- “the worst sort of ambulance c h asing.”55. According to the author, the American economic situation is________.[A] not as good as it seems[B] at its turning point[C] much better than it seems[D] near to complete recovery56. The official statistics on productivity growth ________.[A] exclude the usual rebound in a business cycle[B] fall short of businessmen’s anticipation[C] meet the expectation of business people[D] fail to reflect the true state of economy57. The author raises the question “what about pain without gain?”because ________.[A] he questions the truth of “no gain without pain”[B] he does not think the productivity revolution works[C] he wonders if the official statistics are misleading[D] he has conclusive evidence for the revival of businesses58. Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned in the passage?[A] Radical reforms are essential for the increase of productivity.[B] New ways of organizing workplaces may help to increaseproductivity.[C] The reduction of costs is not a sure way to gain long-termprofitability.[D] The consultants are a bunch of good-for-nothings.Text 3Science has long had an uneasy relationship with other aspects of culture. Think of Gallileo’s17th-century trial for his rebelling belief before the Catholic Church or poet William Blake’s harsh remarks against the mechanistic worldview of Isaac Newton. The schism between science and the humanities has, if anything, deepened in this century.Until recently, the scientific community was so powerful that it could afford to ignore its critics -- but no longer. As funding for science has declined, scientists have attacked “anti-science” in several books, notably Higher Superstition, by Paul R. Gross, a biologist at the University of Virginia, and Norman Levitt, a mathematician at Rutgers University; and The Demon-Haunted World, by Carl Sagan of Cornell University.Defenders of science have also voiced their concerns at meetings such as “The Flight from Science and Reason,” held in New York City in 1995, and “Science in the Age of (Mis) information,” which assembled last June near Buffalo.Anti-science clearly means different things to different people. Gross and Levitt find fault primarily with sociologists, philosophers an d other academics who have questioned science’s objectivity. Sagan is more concerned with those who believe in ghosts, creationism and other phenomena that contradict the scientific worldview.A survey of news stories in 1996 reveals that the anti-science tag has been attached to many other groups as well, from authorities who advocated the elimination of the last remaining stocks of smallpox virus to Republicans who advocated decreased funding for basic research.Few would dispute that the term applies to the Unabomber, whose manifesto, published in 1995, scorns science and longs for return to a pre-technological utopia. But surely that does not mean environmentalists concerned about uncontrolled industrial growth are anti-science, as an essay in US News & World Report last May seemed to suggest.The environmentalists, inevitably, respond to such critics. The true enemies of science, argues Paul Ehrlich of Stanford University, a pioneer of environmental studies, are those who question the evidence supporting global warming, the depletion of the ozone layer and other consequences of industrial growth.Indeed, some observers fear that the anti-science epithet is in danger of becoming meaningless. “The term ‘anti-science’ can lump together too many, quite differ ent things,” notes Harvard University philosopher Gerald Holton in his 1993 work Science and Anti-Science. “They have in common only one thing that they tend to annoy or threaten those who regard themselves as more enlightened.”59. The word “schism” (Line 4, Paragraph 1) in the context probablymeans ________.[A] confrontation[B] dissatisfaction[C] separation[D] contempt60. Paragraphs 2 and 3 are written to ________.[A] discuss the cause of the decline of science’s power[B] show the author’s symp athy with scientists[C] explain the way in which science develops[D] exemplify the division of science and the humanities61. Which of the following is true according to the passage?[A] Environmentalists were blamed for anti-science in an essay.[B] Politicians are not subject to the labeling of anti-science.[C] The “more enlightened” tend to tag others as anti-science.[D] Tagging environmentalists as “anti-science” is justifiable.62. The author’s attitude toward the issue of “science vs. anti-science” is ________.[A] impartial[B] subjective[C] biased[D] puzzlingText 4Emerging from the 1980 census is the picture of a nation developing more and more regional competition, as population growth in the Northeast and Midwest reaches a near standstill.This development -- and its strong implications for US politics and economy in years ahead -- has enthroned the South as America’s most densely populated region for the first time in the history of the nation’s head counting.Altogether, the US population rose in the 1970s by 23.2 million people -- numerically the third-largest growth ever recorded in a single decade. Even so, that gain adds up to only 11.4 percent, lowest in American annual records except for the Depression years.Americans have been migrating south and west in larger numbers since World War II, and the pattern still prevails.Three sun-belt states -- Florida, Texas and California -- together had nearly 10 million more people in 1980 than a decade earlier. Among large cities, San Diego moved from 14th to 8th and San Antonio from 15th to 10th -- with Cleveland and Washington. D. C., dropping out of the top 10.Not all that shift can be attributed to the movement out of the snow belt, census officials say. Nonstop waves of immigrants played a role, too -- and so did bigger crops of babies as yesterday’s “baby boom” generation reached its child-bearing years.Moreover, demographers see the continuing shift south and west as joined by a related but newer phenomenon: More and more, Americans apparently are looking not just for places with more jobs but with fewer people, too. Some instances—■Regionally, the Rocky Mountain states reported the most rapid growth rate -- 37.1 percent since 1970 in a vast area with only 5 percent of the US population.■Among states, Nevada and Arizona grew fastest of all: 63.5 and 53.1 percent respectively. Except for Florida and Texas, the top 10 in rate of growth is composed of Western states with 7.5 million people -- about 9 per square mile.The flight from overcrowdedness affects the migration from snow belt to more bearable climates.Nowhere do 1980 census statistics dramatize more the Americansearch for spacious living than in the Far West. There, California added 3.7 million to its population in the 1970s, more than any other state.In that decade, however, large numbers also migrated from California, mostly to other parts of the West. Often they chose -- and still are choosing -- somewhat colder climates such as Oregon, Idaho and Alaska in order to escape smog, crime and other plagues of urbanization in the Golden State.As a result, California’s growth rate dropped during the 1970s, to 18.5 percent -- little more than two thirds the 1960s’ growth figure and considerably below that of other Western states.63. Discerned from the perplexing picture of population growth the 1980census provided, America in 1970s ________.[A] enjoyed the lowest net growth of population in history[B] witnessed a southwestern shift of population[C] underwent an unparalleled period of population growth[D] brought to a standstill its pattern of migration since WorldWar II64. The census distinguished itself from previous studies on populationmovement in that ________.[A] it stresses the climatic influence on population distribution[B] it highlights the contribution of continuous waves ofimmigrants[C] it reveals the Americans’ new pursuit of spacious living[D] it elaborates the delayed effects of yesterday’s “baby boom”65. We can see from the available statistics that ________.[A] California was once the most thinly populated area in the wholeUS[B] the top 10 states in growth rate of population were all locatedin the West[C] cities with better climates benefited unanimously frommigration[D] Arizona ranked second of all states in its growth rate ofpopulation66. The word “demographers” (Line 1, Paragraph 8) most probably means________.[A] people in favor of the trend of democracy[B] advocates of migration between states[C] scientists engaged in the study of population[D] conservatives clinging to old patterns of lifeText 5Scattered around the globe are more than 100 small regions of isolated volcanic activity known to geologists as hot spots. Unlike most of the world’s volcanoes, they a re not always found at the boundaries of the great drifting plates that make up the earth’s surface; on the contrary, many of them lie deep in the interior of a plate. Most of the hot spots move only slowly, and in some cases the movement of the plates past them has left trails of dead volcanoes. The hot spots and their volcanic trails are milestones that mark the passage of the plates.That the plates are moving is now beyond dispute. Africa and South America, for example, are moving away from each other as new material is injected into the sea floor between them. The complementary coastlines and certain geological features that seem to span the ocean are reminders of where the two continents were once joined. The relative motion of the plates carrying these continents has been constructed in detail, but the motion of one plate with respect to another cannot readily be translated into motion with respect to the earth’s interior. It is not possible to determine whether both continents are moving in opposite directions or whether one continent is stationary and the other is drifting away from it. Hot spots, anchored in the deeper layers of the earth, provide the measuring instruments needed to resolve the question. From an analysis of the hot-spot population it appears that the African plate is stationary and that it has not moved during the past 30 million years.The significance of hot spots is not confined to their role as a frame of reference. It now appears that they also have an important influence on the geophysical processes that propel the plates across the globe. When a continental plate come to rest over a hot spot, the material rising from deeper layers creates a broad dome. As the dome grows, it develops deep fissures (cracks); in at least a few cases the continent may break entirely along some of these fissures, so that the hot spot initiates the formation of a new ocean. Thus just as earlier theories have explained the mobility of the continents, so hot spots may explain their mutability (inconstancy).67. The author believes that ________.。
高口试卷1998.9
1998.9上海市英语高级口译资格证书第一阶段考试SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST (30 minutes)Part A: Spot dictationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your NASWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage only once.The earth's moon, which has always been an object of worship and mystery to people of all cultures and religions, is located an average of 239,000 miles from the earth. It has a diameter of 2,136 miles, and its gravity is _________ (1) that of the earth's. Scientists know that the moon, as well as the sun, affects _________ (2). It is also possible that the moon is related to _________ (3). But today we are going to discuss another fascinating question with respect to the moon. Does it _________ (4)?To begin with, many observers say that the _________ (5) definitely affect the behaviour of animals. For example, fishermen know that fish are _________ (6), depending on that stage the moon is in. But what about people? Carl Sagan, the _________ (7), says, “I have no doubt the moon _________ (8) on human behaviour.”There are stories in almost every society about people who do _________ (9) things during the time of the full moon, which comes approximately every twenty-nine days. Is there _________ (10)?In Los Angeles, some members of the _________ (11) departments agree that the full moon is associated with more _________ (12). According to the fire department, the highest number of _________ (13) occurs on two occasions: when _________ (14) are distributed and when the moon is full.A Los Angeles police sergeant named Bob Kenney _________ (15) that the full moon has some effects on people, though he agrees that is _________ (16). Still, according to the Los Angeles Times of January 20, _________ (17), he says that most of the police officers he knows believe that there is a connection between _________ (18).Many airline pilots, waitresses, bartenders, and newspaper reporters, all of whom _________(19) the public, agree that people behave oddly during periods of the full moon, though they can't _________ (20) how or why it happens.Part B: Listening ComprehensionDirections: In this part of the test there will be some short talks and conversations. After each one, you will be asked some questions. The talks, conversations and questions will be spoken only once. Now listen care fully and choose the right answer to each question you have heardand write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following conversation.1. (A) Advertising an apartment in a newspaper.(B) The furnishing of an apartment.(C) The renting of an apartment.(D) The renovating of an apartment.2. (A) Two. (B) Three. (C) Four. (D) Five.3. (A) More then 500 dollars. (B) A bit more than 400 dollars.(C) 35 to 40 dollars. (D) Around 50 dollars.4. (A) Around five-thirty this afternoon.(B) Tomorrow morning.(C) Sometime next week.(D) It's not mentioned in the talk.5. (A) The apartment rent includes heat and electricity.(B) There is an elevator in the apartment building.(C) The building is just behind the shopping centre.(D) Tenants are not allowed to keep pets.Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following news.6. (A) Because Palestine is not happy about the peace deal proposed by the US.(B) Because Israel has refused to accept the U.S. deal.(C) Because a fresh explosion of violence has broken out in Middle East.(D) Because the Israeli government is under severe criticism from the Opposition.7. (A) To disrupt a meeting of world trade leaders.(B) To protest against the free trade policy of the government.(C) To defend themselves against police violence.(D) To demand that the arrested protester be released.8. (A) More than 3.3. billion U.S. dollars.(B) Around 1.3 billion U.S. dollars.(C) 70 million U.S. dollars.(D) 80 million U.S. dollars.9. (A) The present mayor of Paris. (B) The former Paris mayor.(C) A former Paris City Hall employee. (D) President Jacques Chirac.10. (A) Two paintings by Cezanne.(B) Three paintings by impressionist masters.(C) Four valuable ancient pictures by unknown painters.(D) Five paintings by Van Gogh.Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following interview.11. (A) The manager of a well-known theatrical company.(B) A British Council staff member.(C) One of the singers touring abroad.(D) One member of the airport security staff.12. (A) Rome. (B) Katmandu. (C) Dehli. (D) Tokyo.13. (A) One of the singers was lost a Delhi.(B) Their travelling documents were missing at Cairo.(C) The flight case was sent to the wrong place.(D) Their luggage was partially damaged at Heathrow Airport.14. (A) It had been stolen.(B) It had been kept at Heathrow Airport.(C) It had been dispatched to Bangkok.(D) It had been sent to Tokyo.15. (A) They decided to wait for the equipment to arrive.(B) They postponed the whole schedule.(C) They cancelled the first concert.(D) They borrowed musical instruments and costumes.Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following talk.16. (A) 6 to 9 hours. (B) no more than 9 hours.(C) 12 to 18 hours. (D) Over 20 hours.17. (A) Science majors stay longer hours in the classroom.(B) Science majors do more reading and writing.(C) Science majors pay more money for their education.(D) Science majors take more difficult examinations.18. (A) Two.(B) Three.(C) Four.(D) The number varies from subject to subject.19. (A) A research paper can substitute for an exam.(B) Many exams are take-home projects.(C) Most exams consist of both objective and essay questions.(D) Some exams have additional questions for outstanding students.20. (A) To ask his professor in class.(B) To seek help from a student affairs consultant.(C) To visit his instructor only during regular office hours.(D) To make an appointment to see his teacher immediately.SECTION 2: READING TEXT (30 minutes)Directions: In this section you will read several passages. Each one is followed by severalquestions about it. You are to choose ONE best answer, (A), (B), (C) or (D), to each question. Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 1～5A surprise delay in slapping extra tax on cigarettes could cost the Exchequer a packet —of more than &600m in lost revenues.But Customs and Excise said yesterday that the decision to stall for more than seven months the extra 21p duty and tax on 20 cigarettes was a “hangover”from the old November Budgets, when Kenneth Clarks had increased tobacco duty from 1 December.Similarly, Cordon Brown, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, had held back the increase in drink—a penny on a pint of beer and 4p on a bottle of wine —until New Year's Day, 1999.That timing had been settled by Mr. Clarks in his November Budget because he had not wished to be dubbed a “Scrooge”for putting extra duties on drink in time for Christmas.But the distinction between the immediate, overnight increase in petrol duty, and the extra “holiday”for tobacco, will disturb the health lobby.December's increase in duty amounts to 5 per cent in real terms —over and above inflation —because “the Government maintains its commitment to protecting health”.Last year's July Budget increase was also stalled until December, and it was estimated that in addition to “lost”revenue of &300m, the Chancellor had handed the manufacturers ample time to maximise production and profits in advance of the tax hike.A spokesman for Customs and Excise yesterday played down any suggestion of lost revenue. Treasury calculations show a remorselessly steady increase in the tax “take”from tobacco; up from &8bn in 1996-97 to &8.9bn in the coming year.But the yield from next December's increase in duty will be &25m for the rest of the new financial year —compared with a full year yield of &710m in 1999-2000.As for any suggestion of profiteering on the back of the delayed increase, Customs and Excise said that there was always stockpiling of cigarettes and tobacco in advance of a tax increase. “That is what happens every year, anyway,”the spokesman said. “That is a fact of life.”But John Carlisle, the former Conservative MP who now works for the Tobacco Manufacturers' Association, told The Independent that the delayed increase in duty was “a sort of crumb of comfort for me and my industry, and the poor smoker”“Like last year, it seems to be creating a precedent as to the time the duty goes up, but from our point of view it won't make any difference to the basic problem; that the smuggler will be delighted by the news that the price is going up by that amount in the future.”He said there were limits on how much the manufacturers could produce and stockpile. “Yes, there is always stockpiling by retailers, but they have to pay the full price, and therefore cannot do all that much.”There was also a certain amount of stockpiling by smokers, too.But he added: “Probably it pushes consumption up a bit because people tend to store stuffand if it's there, they are tempted to smoke it.”(This article was published in March, 1998.)1. Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the passage?(A) The relationship between production and consumption of tobacco.(B) The significance of the timing of tobacco tax increase.(C) The relationship between lost revenues and the delay of tobacco tax increase.(D) The effects of the delaying of tobacco tax increase.2. The phrase “played down”in the sentence “A spokesman for Customs and Excise yesterday played down any suggestion of lost revenue.”(para. 8) can be replaced by _________. (A) laid emphasis on (B) paid no attention to(C) reduced the significance of (D) spoke highly of3. The spokesman's statement “That is a fact of life.”(para. 10) means which of the following?(A) People smoke more cigarettes in advance of a tax increase.(B) Smugglers are pleased with the news of tobacco tax increase.(C) People store more cigarettes and tobacco before a tax increase.(D) Manufacturers produce more cigarettes and tobacco before tax is increased.4. It can concluded from the passage that John Carlisle _________.(A) fully supports the delayed increase in tobacco tax(B) thinks the news of delayed increase in tax is welcome(C) is against the decision to delay tax increase(D) is indifferent to the timing of tax increase5. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?(A) The rate of tax increase for tobacco, drink and petrol will be the same.(B) The delayed increase in tobacco tax will cost the government a huge loss of revenue.(C) The timing to tobacco and drink tax increase can be more sensitive than that of petrol taxincrease.(D) The decision to delay the increase of tobacco tax will arouse much concern among somepeople.Questions 6～10Positive effects of the Government's welfare-to-work policies could be “swamped”by worsening poverty among people who remain dependent on benefits, ministers are today warned.A report for the Joseph Rowntree Foundation says that pensioners, lone parents with preschool children and some long-term sick and disabled people will grow relatively poorer if the Government continues to raise benefits only in line with prices.The report, by John Hills of the London School of Economics, updates the 1995 findings of an inquiry into income and wealth, set up by the foundation.Professor Hills says the income gap between rich and poor, which had widened greatly during the 1980s, started to narrow under the premiership of John Major. But it could widenagain if the real value of earnings accelerated away from the real value of prices-linked benefits.In terms of the numbers living with low incomes relative to the average, this effect could swamp all of the positive effects of the other initiatives.“In some sense, what we may see is a race between the positive effects of measures to increase incomes from work at the bottom, including lower unemployment, and the negative effects of falling relative incomes for those remaining largely dependent on benefits.”The report throws into stark relief how the growth of income inequality in the 1980s —when the poorest tenth of the population suffered a net cut in real income —contrasts with trends both before and since.During the 1960s and 1970s, and again after 1992, the poorest groups fared best. The reversion to this pattern under Mr. Major is attributed to tax changes and the fact that economic growth fed into falling unemployment rather than higher real earnings.But the gap between rich and poor which opened in the 1980s had so far narrowed only marginally. “Even if we continue that rate of progress, it will take more than a decade to get back to where we were in the 1970s.”Moreover, a resumption of rapid growth in real earnings would set back even the slight progress that had been made —unless benefits were raised by more than prices.The report was written before the Budget, which included an extra increase in benefit rates for families with young children. Ministers have also promised future real increases in benefits for severely disabled people.But the phasing out of benefit premiums for lone parents is hitting one of the biggest groups of people relying on social security.Sir Peter Barclays, the foundation's chairman, said it was vital that the Government took advantage of the “breathing space”created by the halt in the growth of inequality. Ministers were acting on many of the original inquiry's recommendations, particularly in terms of helping working families.“But it remains to be seen whether the Government will follow through with other initiatives to help other low-income groups, including pensioners.”Six Peter said.Professor Hills, who is head of the LSE's center for analysis of social exclusion, is calling on the Government to set explicit targets for tackling poverty in addition to the 32 indicators proposed in last week's welfare reform green paper. “Given that so much of the emphasis of government policy is towards the reduction of poverty, it would be useful if the Government was to nail its colours to the mast and set itself some kind of target.”The foundation has commissioned the New Policy Institute to develop a model poverty audit. A report is due in the autumn.6. The word “swamped”used in the first paragraph can be replaced by which of the following?(A) greatly heightened (B) much weakened(C) largely consolidated (D) totally counteracted7. According to the passage, the income gap between rich and poor could widen again as _________.(A) the unemployment rate is lowered(B) the increase of benefits is independent of price increase(C) the income tax rate is increasing(D) the increase of benefits is only based on prices8. The expression “fared best”in the sentence “During the 1960s and 1970s, and again after 1992, the poorest groups fared best.”(para. 8) can be paraphrased by which of the following?(A) obtained higher income (B) lived a better life(C) enjoyed more equality (D) paid lower income tax9. The expression “phasing-out”in the sentence “But the phasing-out of benefit premiums for lone parents is hitting one of the biggest groups of people relying on social security.”(para.12) can best be replaced by _________.(A) gradual withdrawal (B) slow continuation(C) large increase (D) sudden stoppage10. Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the passage?(A) The extra increase in benefit rates for families with young children is more important thanother issues.(B) To reduce poverty, the most important thing is to lower unemployment.(C) To narrow the gap between rich and poor, the benefit rates should be raised higher thaninflation rate.(D) The government's welfare reform programme has met strong criticism and opposition.Questions 11～15Astronomers have witnessed the biggest bang since the big bang —the moment about 15 billion years ago when the universe was created in a massive explosion.The huge burst of energy from the edge of the universe is estimated to the second only to the moment of creation in its explosive fore, releasing more energy in two seconds than the sun will give out in its lifetime.Scientists hope the explosion —known as a gamma-ray burst because it emits energy in the form of gamma radiation —will shed light on the earliest stages in the evolution of the stars and galaxies.Gamma-ray bursts cannot be seen by the human eye but if they could the sky would light up like a camera flash each time they occurred. They are by far the most energetic events in the universe and, until now, have remained largely a mystery.The latest gamma-ray burst to be detected accurately occurred last December. Using a network of telescopes and satellites, the astronomers were able to calculate its distance from earth at about 15 billion light years. This means it must have happened soon after the big bang itself, while the intensity of the radiation revealed it to be the biggest bang recorded by man. Scientists from the American National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the California Institute of Technology are to announce details of their analysis this week.The huge distance between the source of the explosion and the Earth suggests gamma-raybursts are up to 10 times larger than previously thought, said Jonathan Katz, professor of physics at Washington University in St Louis.“Gamma-ray bursts may be the most distant things we will ever see and as such will act as beacons to probe into the very distant regions of the universe when stars and galaxies were first formed.”American spy satellites looking for the radiation released from Soviet nuclear tests first detected gamma-ray bursts in 1967 but the details were kept classified until 1973.For nearly 25 years scientists were hampered in their efforts to find an explanation for the huge explosions because they lasted no longer than a few seconds.The inability to explain them led to speculation that gamma-ray bursts were the remnants of nuclear battles between alien civilisations, or even the exhaust energy of extraterrestrial spaceships going into warp drive.Two satellite, the American Compton gamma-ray observatory and the Italian-Dutch Bepposax satellite, have now been able to locate the precise direction of gamma-ray bursts within seconds of them occurring.John Quenby, professor of physics at Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine in London, said the most likely explanation for gamma-ray bursts is that they result from the enormous energy released when two very dense objects—called neutron stars —collide.(This article was published in May, 1998.)11. According to the passage, “the big bang”is used to express all of the following EXCEPT _________.(A) the huge energy burst which created the universe(B) the energy burst which took place in the center of the universe(C) the explosion which took place in the form of gamma radiation(D) the explosion which happened about 15 billion years ago.12. According to the passage gamma-ray bursts _________.(A) were detected accidentally(B) were first detected by Soviet unclear experts(C) were made known to the public after 1973(D) were soon given clear and detailed explanation13. It can be concluded from the passage that the study of the big bang will probably _________.(A) lead to the discovery of earliest human civilisations(B) tell how and when the universe was formed(C) display the intensity of nuclear radiation(D) make it possible to communicate with other civilisations14. Which of the following is NOT directly stated but can be inferred from the passage?(A) Gamma-ray explosion is very, very far away from the Earth.(B) Scientists believe that the universe was formed out of the big bang.(C) Gamma-ray bursts lasted only a very short period of time.(D) Scientists are still working hard to find more plausible explanations for the big bang.15. Which of the following can be used as the best title of the passage?(A) Gamma-ray bursts and nuclear wars between alien civilisations.(B) Astronomy and the creation of universe.(C) Big bang theory explains the mystery of universe.(D) Big bang II sheds light on evolution of universe.Questions 16～20Lloyds TSB, the UK's biggest high street bank, is being forced to withdraw a memo which orders its branch staff not to switch customers into accounts that would pay them higher rates of interest.The bank will today write to every one of its 2,600 branches to “clarify”the contents of an internal memo, which tells staff it is “unacceptable”to inform current account customers that they could make better returns by shifting spare cash into accounts with higher returns.The average balance in a Lloyds TSB account is understood to be 2,000 and if half of every balance was moved into an alternative instant access account operated by Lloyds the bank would have to pay an estimated &160 million in additional interest in a year.Lloyds, which has 7 million customers and last year made more than &3 billion profit, pays 0.3 per cent interest on its current account. its instant access account offers 3.4 per cent.The memo told staff they could lose out on incentive scheme rewards —including cash bonuses and foreign holidays —if they were caught switching cash out of low interest accounts.A spokeswoman for Lloyds TSB said the memo, entitled Key Sales and Service Objectives, was designed to improve service levels and had been “quoted out of context”.It was written by Mike Mitchell, the bank's national sales manager, and circulated in January. It was designed to stop its staff opening new accounts merely to receive incentive scheme points.Staff are allowed, however, to make other suggestions to customers, including selling them financial services such as unit trust investments and private health insurance, which generate substantial profits for the bank.Branch workers who successfully sell such products receive incentive scheme rewards, directly related to how much profit the bank makes from them.The bank's spokeswoman said: “The spirit of this memo, of putting customers first, has been obfuscated by sentences which are meant to say one thing but may be interpreted as saying another.”In some cases, she claimed, those with high sums to invest can get better returns from their existing current accounts because the interest rate rises as the balance goes up.But she admitted that the memo tells staff that all current account switches “must be initiated by the customer”, and that staff are not allowed to advise customers their money might earn better returns in alternative accounts.The only time such suggestions can be made, says the memo, is in a formal one-to-oneinterview with the customer.The bank insisted that the memo was designed to improve customer service, but it has angered branch staff, who believe they are being ordered not to operate in the customers' best interests.The Lloyds' spokeswoman added; “We agree that this memo may be misinterpreted.”The bank's deputy chief executive. Michael Fairley, has intervened and will be rewriting the memo.16. According to the passage, Lloyds TSB is going to withdraw its internal memo circulated in January because _________.(A) it has been made known to the general public(B) it has been opposed by its customers(C) it is misinterpreted by its branch staff(D) it is considered against customers' best interests17. The spokeswoman for Lloyds TSB's comment that the memo had been “quoted out ofcontext”could be considered _________.(A) a confession of the bank's malpractice(B) a guarantee of improvement of the bank's service(C) a response to criticisms of the memo(D) a him to withdraw and rewrite the memo18. It can be concluded from the passage that according to the memo, the branch staff _________.(A) will get no cash bonuses if they sell private health insurance to customers(B) will receive no incentive scheme rewards if found shifting customers cash into higherinterest accounts(C) cannot make any suggestions in a formal one-to-one interview with customers(D) shall never tell customers the interest rates of different accounts19. The word “obfuscated”used in paragraph 10 can be replaced by which of the following?(A) clarified (B) strengthened(C) obscured (D) weakened20. According to the passage, all of the following are true EXCEPT that _________.(A) the interest rate of an instant access account is higher than that of a current account(B) the interest rate can rise as the balance in an account goes up to a certain level(C) the memo does not allow account switches initiated by customers(D) the memo encourages bank workers to sell more financial services to customersSECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST (30 minutes)Directions:Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.What a noble medium the English language is. It is not possible to write a page without experiencing positive pleasure at the richness and variety, the flexibility and the profoundness ofour mother-tongue. If an English writer cannot say what he has to say in English, and in simple English, it is probably not worth saying. What a pity that English is not more generally studied. I am not going to attack classical education. No one who has the slightest pretension to literary tastes can be insensible to its attraction. But I confess our present educational system excites in my mind grave misgivings, which I cannot believe is the best or even reasonable, a system that thrusts upon reluctant and uncompehending multitudes treasures which can only be appreciated by the previleged and gifted few. To the vast majority of children who attend our public schools, classical subjects are the best preparation for the study of English, I reply that by far this preparatory stage is incomplete and without deriving any of the benefits which are promised as its result.SECTION 4: LISTENING TEST (30 minutes)Part A: Note-taking and Gap-fillingDirections: In this part of the test you will hear a short talk. You will hear the talk only once. While listening to the talk, you may take notes on the important points so that you can have enough information to complete a gap-filling task on a separate ANSWER BOOKLET. You are required to write ONE word or figure only in each in each blank. You will not get your Answer Booklet until after you have listened to the talk.The American work force is changing. The most important change is from a _________ (1) economy to a _________ (2) economy. Generally, service jobs are divided into _________ (3) types. One, transportation and _________ (4) companies, like the phone company. Two, _________ (5) companies. Three, _________ (6) companies. Four, finance, _________ (7) and real estate companies. And finally, five, _________ (8) services, such as hotels, car repair, _________ (9) and medicine. Economists predict that by the year 2000 _________ (10)% of the work force will be part of the service economy.Then what are the causes for such a change? First, American manufacturing industries are not _________ (11) because they are faced with _________ (12) from other parts of the world.Secondly, because of technological advances, _________ (13), accounting and other business services have become important.Thirdly, more _________ (14) are now having jobs and this has increased the need for _________ (15) and day-care centres. And finally, the number of _________ (16) people has grown, so have _________ (17) services.But, according to some economists, the service job explosion may create problems. The standard of living might _________ (18) because half of the service jobs pay _________ (19) wages.The other problem is that some service jobs give a worker very little _________ (20).Part B: Listening and TranslationⅠ. Sentence TranslationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 5 English sentences. You will hear the sentences。
9月中级口译真题+参考答案
9月中级口译真题+参考答案(2)Questions 15-1815. （A）One that is unabridged with detailed definitions.（B）One that contains fewer words and emphasizes on special words.（C）One that contains a broad range of words in common usage.（D）One that spans several volumes and has extensive word histories16. （A）The New Oxford Picture Dictionary（B）The American Heritage Dictionary（C）The Dictionary of Legal Terms（D）The Drinking Water Dictionary17. （A）It lists abbreviations, proper nouns, and tables of measures.（B）It is an unabridged edition providing as many as 500,000 entries.（C）It was randomly compiled and contains as many foreign words as possible.（D）It provides detailed information of famous people and places.18. （A）A school dictionary. （B）A college dictionary.（C）A general dictionary. （D）A specialized dictionary.Questions 19-2219. （A）He’s bought his wife a present. （B）He’s missed an important phone call.（C）He’s dismissed his new sec retary. （D）He’s popped out shopping.20. （A）Talking about the latest fashion.（B）Offering special reductions.（C）Giving bigger discounts to female customers.（D）Pressing on the customer to make a decision.21. （A）Upside down and inside out. （B）Inside out and back to front. （C）With its sleeves as trouser legs. （D）With its pattern upside down.22. （A）A V-necked pullover with short sleeves.（B）A high-necked pullover with long sleeves.（C）A white pullover with a pattern.（D）A blue pullover with a high neck.Questions 23-2623. （A）That of a creator. （B）That of a re-creator.（C）That of a receiver. （D）That of a performer.24. （A）Because we need to concentrate for our quiet thought.（B）Because we want to give full attention to the driving.（C）Because we try to avoid being caught by the patrolling police.（D）Because we intend to be as casual as possible in the driving.25. （A）In the elevator. （B）In the car.（C）In the bathroom. （D）In the church.26. （A）By perceptive and analytical listening.（B）By taking a sonic bath.（C）By attending classical concerts.（D）By listening to an emotional piece of music.Questions 27-3027. （A）His grandfather’s house. （B）His parents’ remarks.（C）A magazine. （D）A coursebook.28. （A）Enjoying visiting zoos. （B）Driving a car.（C）Making money. （D）Taking kids to a museum.29. （A）It died a few years ago. （B）It killed several tourists.（C）It is only a legend. （D）It is a living dinosaur.30. （A）No one has provided an accurate description of the animal.（B）No dead bodies of the animal have ever been found.（C）There are only 500 species living in Loch Ness.（D）The lake is not deep enough for such a huge animal.Part C: Listening and Translation1. Sentence TranslationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 5 sentences in English. You will hear the sentences ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each sentence, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.（1）（2）（3）（4）（5）2. Passage TranslationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. You will hear the passages ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each passage, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. You may take notes while you are listening.（1）（2）。
1998年考研英语真题
1998年考研英语真题In 1998, the Graduate Entrance Examination (GEE) in English posed a significant challenge to candidates. The exam aimed to assess the students' language proficiency and critical thinking skills. This article will provide a comprehensive analysis of the 1998 GEE English exam and offer strategies to improve performance in similar exams.I. Listening ComprehensionThe listening comprehension section was a crucial part of the 1998 GEE English exam. Candidates faced a series of audio clips and had to answer corresponding questions. To excel in this section, it was crucial to enhance listening skills through diligent practice. Regularly listening to English audio materials, such as podcasts or news broadcasts, can significantly improve comprehension.II. Vocabulary and GrammarThe vocabulary and grammar section assessed candidates' understanding of word usage, synonyms, and sentence structure. It was advisable to develop a solid foundation in vocabulary by reading extensively and keeping a vocabulary notebook. Additionally, practicing grammar exercises, such as sentence restructuring or completing cloze tests, would enhance grammar proficiency.III. Cloze TestThe cloze test evaluated candidates' ability to comprehend and fill in the gaps in a passage. To excel in this section, one should focus on contextualunderstanding. Reading extensively in various genres, such as literature, newspapers, and academic journals, can sharpen this skill. Furthermore, practice completing cloze tests regularly to familiarize oneself with the format.IV. Reading ComprehensionThe reading comprehension section contained multiple passages followed by questions. It was essential to read the questions before diving into the passages to identify the information being sought. Additionally, engaging in active reading, wherein one highlights important points and takes notes, can significantly enhance comprehension. Regularly practicing past reading comprehension papers can also improve reading speed and accuracy.V. TranslationThe translation section required candidates to translate English sentences into Chinese and Chinese sentences into English. To excel in this section, one should strengthen both English and Chinese language skills. Regularly practicing translation exercises, such as translating newspaper articles or short stories, can help improve accuracy and fluency.VI. WritingThe writing section demanded candidates to write an essay on a given topic. It was essential to organize thoughts coherently and present arguments effectively. A well-structured essay typically includes an introduction, body paragraphs with supporting evidence, and a conclusion. Practicing writingessays on various topics and seeking feedback from teachers or peers can significantly enhance writing skills.VII. Oral TestThe oral test required candidates to engage in a conversation with the examiner. This section aimed to assess communication skills, pronunciation, and fluency. To excel in the oral test, practicing speaking English regularly is crucial. Engaging in conversations with native speakers or language partners can improve pronunciation and boost confidence when communicating in English.In conclusion, the 1998 GEE English exam comprised various sections that tested candidates' language proficiency and critical thinking abilities. By focusing on improving listening, vocabulary, grammar, reading comprehension, translation, writing, and oral skills, candidates can enhance their performance in similar exams. Diligent practice and exposure to English in various forms will undoubtedly lead to success.。
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1998.9上海市英语中级口译资格证书第一阶段考试参考答案:SECTION1: LISTENING TESTPart A: Spot Dictation1. go on stage2. unkind thing3. restless and nervous4. superstitious people5. stage fright6. friends and colleagues7. wishing 8. it is hopes9. also consider 10. good luck11. from all directions 12. in the theatre13. at rehearsal 14. yellow15. traditional fears 16. 1artistic personality17. performing live 18. unstable profession19. lose his confidence 20. always expectPart B: Listening Comprehension1-5 C B D C D 6-10 C B C A C11-15 C C A D B 16-20 C D A B A21-25 C D B B A 26-30 C C A D APart C: Listening and TranslationⅠ.Sentence Translation1.公司正在考虑招聘额外工作人员以应付日益增长的需要。
2.那家超市经理，其背景我很熟悉，绝对/百分之百的诚实。
3.我承认/同意，它们很相似，但是假如你确实仔细观察的话，你会发现它们并不是一样的。
4.我认为应该迫使所有的教师到外部世界生活，而不是从教室走向大学，然后再回到教室。
5.社会学家发现很多妇女希望自己生来就是男人，据说这数字在发达国家高达百分之六十。
Ⅱ.Passage Translation1. “全包/一揽子/包办度假”越来越流行。
旅行社为度假者安排交通和旅馆，甚至饮食。
那就是为什么称为包办度假。
这类度假通常非常便宜。
那可能是为什么包办度假在工薪阶层和养老金领取者中那么流行的缘故。
2. 关于家长/父母方面，我最恼火的是他们不会说/不知道怎么说“不”。
他们很少花时间去向他们的孩子解释为什么某种行为是错的，结果是，孩子们被允许自己决定做什么以及什么时候去做。
他们被允许熬夜，看不适合他们的电视，并且拥有过多的新玩具。
他们并不需要糖果或玩具。
他们需要的是父母的时间，而这似乎是越来越少/老是不够。
SECTION2: STUDY SKILLS1-5 D D B C A6-10 D C D A B11-15 C B C D B16-20 C B B D D21-25 C C B A B26-30 D B D C ASECTION3: TRANSLATION(1)英国广播公司国际广播电台是世界上最大的广播网，在全球拥有1.4亿听众，可以通过短波、中波、调频和卫星收听以44种语言广播的节目。
我们有一项雄心勃勃的计划，即明年起使用全新的卫星数码技术进行广播。
国际互联网的出现使我们（广播人）措手不及。
国际互联网可以使位于世界任何一个地方的广播电台以很小的投资便可成为一家国际广播站。
虽然互联网广播的音质远非完善，但却胜于短波。
互联网电台的出现不仅意味着竞争，同时也提供了机会。
英国广播公司非成认真地对待互联网广播一事。
因为互联网广播的确是一条耗资少但可以将音质不劣的信号传送到短波都无法达到的地区。
最近，我们开通了一条包括24小时新闻联播在内的英国广播公司（BBC）联网（频道）。
用户可以收听到汉语、阿拉伯语、西班牙语和俄罗斯语的广播节目。
SECTION4: TRANSLATION(2)As the nation’s earliest established special economic zone, Shenzhen has very close economic contacts with the innerland provinces. Especially after the returning of Hongkong to the motherland, the number of passengers coming and leaving Shenzhen is increasing rapidly. Shenzhen Airport claims to be one of the ten largest airports in the country. Because Shenzhen is located in the subtropical zone, there exists quite big temperature difference between the city and northern areas in China. So the passengers from the north are always anxious to take off their overdressed warm clothes for the first important thing to do after landing in order to adapt themselves to the local temperature.For the convenience of the passengers, Shenzhen Airport Administration set up 4 well-furnished changerooms. The passengers can change their clothes, tidy themselves up in the easy and pleasant surroundings, so as to leave a good first impression on the relatives and friends who come to meet them at the airport.听力测试题录音文字稿:SECTION 1: LISTENING TESTPart A: Spot DictationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of’ the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage only once. Now let’s begin Part A with Spot Dictation.The usual good-luck wish to a theatre actor who is about to go on stage or to be engaged in a performance Is to say “Break a leg”. This may seem to be a rather unkind thing to say to someone who is probably already quite impatient, restless and nervous. But most theatre actors and actresses are, by tradition, very superstitious people. And they would do everything to avoid slipping or throwing themselves into “stage fr ight”.Among many actors and actresses, it is thought that wishing for good luck from their friends and colleagues will have the opposite effect. Consequently, by wishing for bad luck, it is hoped that the actor or actress will in fact have good luck.Actors and actresses also consider noisy, squeaking shoes to be a sign of good luck, and it is also good luck to have a theatre cat. On the other hand, bad luck can come from all directions; it comes from the audience’s whistling in the theatre, from the actor’s repeating the last line of the play at rehearsal and from certain shades of the colour yellow in the background of the stage.Where do these traditional fears or worries come from? Some people believe them to be the result of an actor’s artistic personality. The real reason, although, may have more to do with simply being frightened about performing live in front of a large audience and making silly, laughable mistakes. After all, acting is a very unstable profession. If an actor performs badly, it is very likely that he would gradually lose his confidence and eventually his job and livelihood. Under such adverse and frightful conditions, it is not surprising that actors and actresses always expect bad things to happen.Part B: Listening ComprehensionI StatementsDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear several short statements. These statements will be spoken only once, and you will not find them written on the paper; so you .lust listen carefully. When you hear a statement, read the answer choices and decide which one is closest in meaning to the statement you have heard. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Question No. 1. We weren’t planning on seeing three factories, but we did.Question No. 2. There used to be a school there, but now it’s a shopping center.Question No. 3. We have at least ninety guests coming to the dinner party, so this room is fartoo small.Question No. 4. In the long run, Joyce proved herself a successful businesswoman.Question No. 5. Except’ for the colors, the painting on the right would be perfect on our loungeroom wall.Question No. 6. It’s always hotter and stuffier in the city than in the suburbs.Question No. 7. Anyone who missed more than one-third of the classes deserves to fail.Question No. 8. Those instructions are so complicated. I don’t see how anyone could ever figurethem out.Question No. 9. You should keep a journal to have a record of what you’ve done every day.Question No. 10. Peter’d never be studying mathematics if it weren’t required.ⅡTalks and ConversationsDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear several short talks and conversations. After each of these, you will hear a few questions. Listen carefully, because you will hear the talk or conversation and questions only once. When you hear a question, read the four answer choices and choose the best answer to that question. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Questions 11 to 14 are based on the following description of an apartment.The next apartment that I’d like to show you is one of the larger apartments that we have for rent. This is a three-bedroom apartment. As you can see, one of the bedroom is larger, and two of the bedrooms are smaller.The kitchen area is large. Because of those windows, it is also very sunny. The stove and refrigerator that you see there are included in the rent. The living room is not very large, but it does have a fireplace and some nice built-in bookshelves.This apartment is unfurnished, so you will need furniture. If you have your own furniture already, that’s great. If you don’t have any furniture of your own, I can show you where you can rent some.Do you have any questions?Question No. 11. Who is probably talking?Question No. 12. How many bedrooms are there in the apartment?Question No. 13. What is TRUE about the kitchen?Question No. 14. Which of the following is NOT included in the rent?Questions 15 to 18 are based on the following conversation.Woman: Do you know where I can get a bicycle? It doesn’t have to be a new bicycle, but it does have to be rather cheap.Man: Why do you need a bicycle’?Woman: I just found a great apartment, but it’s a little bit far from school. I really want to take this apartment, but I have to find some transportation. A bicycle would be great!Man: How far away from school is the apartment?Woman: Just a little over two miles, so I definitely could walk if I had to. But it would save so much time if I had a bicycle. My problem is that I can’t afford a really new, expensive bicycle.Man: Well, you happen to be in luck today. I have a friend who wants to sell his old bicycle because he just bought a new one, and I think you can get it cheap. Do you wahl to go see the bicycle? Woman: Thanks. That sounds great. Let’s go there now.Question No. 15. What does the woman want to get?Question No. 16. Approximately how far away from school is the woman’s apartment?Question No. 17. Why is the man’s friend selling his old bicycle?Question No. 18. What will the man and woman probably do next?Questions 19 to 22 are based on the following talk by a business professor.Henry Ford’s Mode T automobile is a great example of the benefits of mass production. Henry Ford introduced the Model T in 1908. These first model T cars were not mass produced. They were sold for a price of $ 8.50 each. The Model T cars were very popular, and many people wanted to own them. To meet this high demand, Henry Ford designed the first major assembly line. With this assembly line, cars could be produced more quickly, efficiently, and cheaply. Using the assembly-line method of production, the company was able to produce 1,000 identical cars a day. The price of the Model T dropped from $ 850 to $ 440 per car by 1924. This example clearly demonstrates the effect that mass production can have on prices.Question No. 19. What is the model T?Question No. 20. When was the model T introduced?Question No. 21. Which of the following is NOT true about the assembly-line productionintroduced, by Ford?Question No. 22. What happened to the price of the model T over time?Questions 23 to 26 are based on the following interview.(I=INTERVIEWER; W=WOMAN)I: What are your views about continuing education?W: I suppose it’s a good thing. I’ve been taking some classes myself at night, trying to get in control of my life, trying to learn some things that I need to know.I: I see. I see. So...W: ... to take care of myself and my family.I: So, you are using continuing education right now past the.., high school kind of level or...W: Yes, I’ve got a high school diploma and now I’m taking classes in... auto repair and...I: Ah ... auto repair! Is that ... uh ... a necessary thing for you to have, do you feel?W: I think it is. I’m single. I’ve got children and I need to know how to do things myself andI have no one else to rely on. So I think it’s an important skill for me to have.I: Uh-huh. Uh... Is there anything else that you’re.., uh... studying or using continuing education for?W: Nothing else right now. I’m hoping next term to take some courses in plumbing or electrical repair, something like that.I: So, you are using continuing education to broaden your capabilities with in your own life.W. Right. On the practical aspect, rather than abstract courses that really won’t help me on a day-to-day basis.Question No. 23. According to the woman, why did she take night classes?Question No. 24. Which of the following is TRUE about the women?Question No. 25. According to the woman, which course would she NOT take in usingcontinuing education ?Question No. 26. What is the woman’s attitude towards continuing education?Questions 27 to 30 are based on the following conversation.Woman: Why do you think people travel so much nowadays? What’s this modern craze fortravel all about? The travel agencies are doing a roaring trade.Man: Well, you know, people travel for all sorts of reasons. Travelling for pleasure is only one of them. People travel on business, to get to work, for adventure, even for education. Travelis supposed to broaden the mind, you know. There’s more leisureand money about, so travel has become available to many people.Woman: In the old days, I suppose, people travelled very little because travel was so slow and difficult. It used to take a fortnight to travel from London to Edinburgh by coach.Now you can travel many times round the world in that time!Man: And travel to the moon and back in a week!Woman: I know, isn’t it amazing! And to think that the next generation will take it all or granted.Man: Think of what Columbus and his contemporaries would have thought. Crossing theAtlantic seemed miraculous to them. Distances have dwindled to nothing in this space age of ours.Travelling to far away places has become a common activity.Woman: Yes, but travelling on this planet is quite enough for me. You won’t ever catch metravelling to the moon in one of those space-ships, thank you very much!Question No. 27. Which of the following is NOT a reason for people to travel, according to theconversation?Question No. 28. Why did people travel less in the old days?Question No. 29. How long did it use to take to travel from London to Edinburgh by coach?Question No. 30. What will the next generation think about travelling to the moon?Part C. Listening and TranslationI. Sentence TranslationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 5 English sentences. You will hear the sentences only once. After you have heard each sentence, translate it into Chinese and write 3,our version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Now let’s begin Sentence Translation with Sentence No. 1.Sentence No. 1. The company is thinking of taking on extra staff to cope with the increasingdemand.Sentence No. 2. The manager of the supermarket, whose background I know quite well, is100% honest.Sentence No. 3. They are quite similar, I agree, but if you look really carefully, you’ll see they are not quite the same.Sentence No. 4. I think all teachers should be forced to live in the outside world, rather than go from the classroom to the university and back to the classroom a again.Sentence No. 5. Sociologists have found that a large number of women wish that they had been born men, and the number is said to be as high as 60 % in developed countries.ⅡPassage TranslationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages. You will hear the passages only once. After you have heard each passage, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLE? You may take notes while you are listening.Now, let’s begin Passage Translation with the first passage.Passage 1:“Package holidays”are becoming more and more popular. The travel agency will arrange for the holiday-makers the transportation and the hotel accommodation and even order the food. That is why it is called a package holiday. Such holidays are usually very cheap. That is probably why they are so popular among wage-owners and pensioners.Passage 2:What annoyed me most about parents is their inability to say No. Few take the time to explain to their children why certain behaviour is wrong, and as a result children are allowed to decide for themselves what they want to do and when to do it. They are allowed to stay up too late. Watch unsuitable TV and have too many new toys. They don’t need candies or toys. What they need is their parents’ time, which seems to be in increasingly short supply.。