古希腊罗马神话欣赏 课程教学大纲及样题
希腊罗马神话课程(王磊)lecture2
2.2 The Creation and Re-creation of Man (4)
2.2.1 Man’s alienation from the divinity and nature • Trick played on Zeus (white bones of ox covered with glistening fat v.s. meat, entrails and fat covered with tripe 肚肠) → white bones burned on smoky altars fire withheld from mortal men • Fire stolen in a hollowed fennel (茴香) stalk • Pandora as a tempting snare to men • fashioned by Hephaestus with gifts from various gods and goddesses → animals killed and (unnaturally) cooked before they are consumed; Pandora to preside
• Cronus and Rhea have 6 sons, afraid of being overthrown by prophesy, he swallows kids
• Cronus = human stupidity, jealousy; Rhea = protective, maternal • Rhea gets advice from Gaia, tricks Cronus into eating rock and has son Zeus raised on Crete by Amalthea, goat nurse → cornucopia
高校--《希腊罗马神话》课程教学大纲
《希腊罗马神话》课程教学大纲课程名称：希腊罗马神话课程类别：选修课适用专业：非英语专业考核方式：考查总学时、学分：68学时4学分其中实践学时：学时一、课程教学目的本课程融故事欣赏与文化解读为一体，通过系统完整的内容介绍，旨在提高学生的英语阅读能力和文学文化鉴赏水平，增进学生对西方文化精神的解读，帮助学生逐渐形成批判性思维习惯，并使之对宇宙自然世界和人类本我达到新的认知。
二、课程教学要求1. To enable the learners, through reading the myths and having fun with them, to gainexposure to some of the major Greco-Roman myths which have shaped western culture and the way western people think;2. To increase intellectual maturation and clarification of learners’ own values throughthe study of ideas and attitudes manifested in western myths and through a comparative study with those of our own nation and epoch;3. To help cultivate in learners a cultural receptivity by encouraging their criticalthinking and cultural reading;4. To help learners better understand the enigma we call life through discussing andevaluating the ways myths shape human consciousness and behavior.三、先修课程大学英语三四册四、课程教学重、难点重点介绍神话的定义和主要阅读方法，以及希腊罗马生简史，旨在帮助学生建立正确的神话观，激发学生学习的兴趣和积极性。
Unit 2-希腊罗马神话提纲
Unit 2 Beginning of the World1. The basic elements common to most creation myths.Common FeaturesChaos/ Darkness as the primal cosmos●Movement (wind, dance)●Female Mother (mostly, early) as the creator●Single-sex production/parthenogenesis 单性繁殖●Incestuous production 近亲繁殖●The universal egg as the original form/container of life●Man as the last creation and coming after NatureDifferences@ reflection of matrilineal order in the old version, the transition to patriarchal order in the later versions@ emphasis of natural elements (wind/ snake/egg hatching/Eros) in the old2. What is the scientific explanation of Chaos and beginning of the universe? For instance, can you relate the different versions to the Big Bang theory?●Substance (basic chemical elements) existent to make up life forms;●Movement engenders life;●Evolution from disorder to order, from movement to comparative stability; from formlessness toa specific shape or structure (binary, quarterly);●Gradual evolution and/or sudden change of form: change of amount/quantity to change of form(Big Bang theory and Darwin’s Evolution theory)3. What revelation do we get from the animalistic element in the myths? How do we see snakes, doves, dogs, bees, etc. in our real life?●Western and eastern snake or dragon myths: etiological explanation of our relation with Nature●The commonalities human beings share with animals●Regional or racial totem 图腾and pets (forest, mountain and seaside) deified神化4. What psychoanalytical motifs can you find in the myths? Discuss the meanings of “Chaos” and “Eros” according to Freudian theories of the unconscious and sexuality.Chaos: formless, void, indefinite, unknown and unknowable, yet very much alive with particles of life---the human unconsciousEros:●original god: Libido as the primal drive of human activity; stimulant & ultimate goal●As the god of order:---the essence of human life is love---positive love and negativegreed---relative relationship of life(Also read p.365-367 Psyche and Eros)4.In terms of structure, what makes up the order of the universe/world? What dualities or binary oppositions are firstconstructed in the creation myths?1→2→ 4disorder→/vs. orderearth→/vs. heavenfemale→/vs. malematriarchal→/vs. patriarchalunion→/vs. separationdarkness→/vs. lightcentre→/vs. edge5.In many versions, the universe began with a goddess, but in some the first being was a (He-)God.Explain this from a historical and cultural perspective, or in accordance with the development of human history.●Matriarchal to patriarchal●Survival upon natural product to survival of the fittest●Worship of life productivity to that of goods productivity●Natural and free grouping to the cultural, ordered communityQuestions for Unit 3:1.What picture of historical development do you get from the account of the Five Ages? Do you agreewith Hesiod? Why?2.What role did Prometheus play in the primal history of mankind? What cultural value does thePromethean fire have in the history of human civilization?3.How do you like the mythical account that Prometheus was unbound and restored to Olympus? Andwhy?4.What is the traditional understanding of Pandora? In what way is she the “lovely evil”?5.Pandora is often regarded as Eve, the first woman in the Bible. How does she resemble Eve? How doyou defend her from the feminist point of view?6.What does it mean that “hope”alone remains in Pandora’s jar/box? What is the significance of“hope”?7.How do you interpret the accounts of human creation by Prometheus and Deucalion and Pyrrha?What scientific proof can you find to support them?8.What similarities can you find in the different accounts of creation of man given here as well as inthe Supplementary Reading?9.From the ending paragraph of the Flood passage, what have you learnt as essential to life? And whatis the nature of life formation after the flood？10.W hat was the most outrageous sin or crime man committed that brought gods’anger andpunishment? (Refer to Supplementary Reading)。
希腊罗马神话问题及答案
Greco-RomanMythol ogy StudyGuide, part 1Part 1.1. Who are the Twelve Olympi an Gods, and what are theirpowers?Zeus. He is lord of the sky.Hera.protector of marria g e, famili ar with magic.Poseid on.God of the sea, horses, and of earthqu akesAres. He is the god of war.Athena.She is the goddes s of the city, handic rafts, and agricu lture.Apollo.He is the god of music,Artemi s. the goddes s of chasti tyHephae stus.Lame god of fire and the forge.Aphrodite.Goddes s of love, romanc e, and beauty.Demete r.Goddes s of agricu ltureHestia.Calm goddes s of home and homeli fe,Hermes. He is the god of thieves and the god of commer ce.2. Who was Promet heus? Why was he import ant to the humanrace?He was one of the Titans.Becaus e he brough t down fire to man.3. What happen ed when Pandor a's box was opened?All the painsthat mightplague mankin d such as Old Age,Labor,sickne ss.Insani ty,Vice,and Passio n flew in a cloud,stung Epimeth eusand Pandor a in everypart of theirbodies,and then attack ed the race of mortal s.4. What were the Five Ages of Man, and what happen ed afterthem?The Golden Age,the Silver Age,the Bronze Age,the Age of Heroes,the Iron Age5. What did King Midaswish for, and what proble ms did his wish bringhim?He asked that whatev er he might touchshould be change d into gold.He turned food into gold so he couldn’t eat,starvation seemed to await him.6. How does the storyof Persep honeexplai n the differ enceof the season s?7. What is Tartar us, and who is its king?Tartaru s is the deeper of the Underw orld,the prison of the Sons of the Earth.Hades is its king.Part 2.8. How did Hippom eneswin his race agains t Atalan taWith the help of Venus.9. Why did Daphne become a laurel tree?She asked h er father to change he form to protec t her from beingpursui ng.10. Why did Cupidfall in love with Psyche?Cupid was surpri sed by Psyche’s wonderful beauty that wounde d him with his own arrow,consequentl y,instea d of making Psyche fall in love with some ragged beggar,himsel f fell in love with Psyche.11. Why did Venus/Aphrod ite advise Adonis not to attack wild animal s?12. What did Hera do to Echo when she foundout that Echo was lyingto her, and what happen ed to Echo when Narcis sus died?She passed senten ce upon Echo in words.13. What was the name of the statue that Pygmal ion fell in love with?Galate a14. What object was the direct causeof the tragic end of Pyramu s and Thisbe?Part 3.15. Who was Perseu s's father?Zeus16. Why did Acrisi us put Perseu s and his mother in a coffin and throwthem into the sea?He was alarme d by an oracle which h ad told him that Perseu s wouldbe the instru m entof his death.17. Who was Medusa?She was a terrib l e monste r who had laid waste the countr y18. Why did Polydi ctessend Perseu s to kill Medusa?For an easy access to Danae.19. How did Perseu s save Androm eda from the sea monste rHe killed the sea monste r20. Why did Jasonwant the Golden Fleece?He was requir ed to attemp t what was though t to be an impossi bledeed to satisf y the demands ofa hard-hearte d taskmaster.21. What was the name of the ship the Argona uts sailed on?The Argo.22. Who were two of the Argona uts?Argos,Tiphys23. How did Medeahelp Jasonwhen he fought the crop of armedmen?She instru cted him that he should throw stones into their midst so that they wouldattack each otherrather than Jason himself.24. How did Medeaget her father's ship to stop chasin g the Argona uts?She murder ed her younge r brother Apsyrt os and cut him up into smallpieces whichshe threwover the side of the ship.Aeetes stoppe d to pick up the pieces,and so the Argo made good her escape.25. What was Hercul es famous for?He was famous for his streng th and courag e and for his legend ary adventu res.26. Why did Hercul es have to comple te twelve labors?He was told to serve Eurysth eus f or twelve yearsand win immort ality by performing the labors the king impose d upon him27. Name six of the twelve labors of Hercul esThe Nemean Lion,the Hydra,the Ceryni tian Hind,the Eryman thian Boar,the Stymph alian Birds ,the Augean Stable s28. How did Hercul es demons trate his streng th in his infanc y?29. How did Hercul es kill the Hydra?He dipped his arrows in the Hydra’s bloodor venomand so made them poison ous30. What caused the deathof Hercul es?The poison of Hydra.。
希腊罗马神话——考试样卷
A Mid-term Examination inGreek and Roman MythologyName:__________ Class:_________ Score:_________I. Match the gods/goddesses and their roles in mythology. (10%)( ) 1. Diana A. goddess of grain( ) 2. Poseidon B. goddess of hunting, the moon( ) 3. Hades C. god of the sea( ) 4. Hera D. queen of Olympus; goddess of marriageand childbirth( ) 5. Ceres E. goddess of arts and crafts and defensivewar; goddess of wisdom( ) 6. Athena F. goddess of beauty and sexual desire ( ) 7. Aphrodite G.. god of war( ) 8. Mars H. metal smith of the gods( ) 9. Hermes I. ruler of the Underworld; lord of the dead( ) 10. Hephaestus J. Zeus’messenger, guardian of travelers,merchants and thievesK. one of the Fates who determine thelength of each mortal’s lifeII. Choose a word/phrase from the following list to fill in each of the blanks with, changing their forms if necessary. (20%)1.The report presented by the scientist to the government was extremely _______ - no one could understand it.2.He was ________ by her beauty, but lacked the courage to speak to her.3.Another round of negotiations were conducted on the Middle East under the _______ of the UN.4.Seeing the ________ expression on his father’s face, the boy immediately knew what was awaiting him.5.While the president was casually chatting with his supporters, his body-guards were _______, looking for any single sign of danger.6.The scientist spent all his life researching the ____________ of his hometown.7.Showing disrespect to gods according to many cultures is to invite ______.8.The young man had about him a(n) _______ of youth and health.9. When the theater caught fire, there was a great______.10. The desk was a ______ of papers and unopened letters.III. Multiple Choice Questions (10%)( )1. The Iliad and the Odyssey were both written by _______.A. VirgilB. OvidC. HesiodD. Homer( )2. Many transformation stories can be found in _________, a collection of poems written by ____.A. Metamorphosis; OvidB. Theogony, HesiodC. Persians, AeschylusD. Aeneid, Virgil( )3.The spinners of the thread of human destiny were __________.A. the MusesB. the GracesC. the FatesD. the Furies( )4.Zeus changed Io a _______ hide her from Hera.A. bearB. heiferC. snakeD. bull( )5.Leda and the Swan was supposedly painted by __________.A. Peter Paul RubensB. Gustave MoreauC. Sandro BotticelliD. Leonardo da Vinci( )6.Pandora replaced the lid of her box, with only one thing left at the bottom - _______.A. warB. famineC. hopeD. disease( )7.Arachne was a _____, who was punished by ______.A. hunter; DianaB. titan; ZeusC. weaver; MinervaD. king; Hera( )8.When we say someone has Midas’ ears, we are commenting on his ________.A. wealthB. poor judgmentC. prideD. avarice( )9.The gods who ruled the heavens, the ocean and the Underworld, respectively, were ______.A. Jupiter, Pluto and SaturnB. Jupiter, Apollo and Neptune D. Jupiter, Neptune andPluto( )10.If you throw a sop to Cerberus, you are trying to _______.A. kill someoneB. bribe someoneC. avoid being killed by someoneD. enjoy a blissful afterlife.IV. Read each literary excerpt carefully and do the following: (a) underline all the mythological allusions, and (b) explain their meanings according to the context of the excerpt. (20%)1. We feasted that evening as on nectar and ambrosia. (Charlotte Brontë, Jane Eyre, 1847)____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 2.There was, as I have said, a Minerva fully armed. (Marilynne Robinson, Mother Country, 1889) ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________3.Trinity College had undertaken the Sisyphean task of repairing all of its historic Front Square.(John Brady, A Stone of the Heart, 1988)____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________4.Antoine and Francoise with their children, but without ever knowing why, joined the refugees for the sake of their vision of elysium and because of Don Emmanuel ’s enthusiasm. (Louis De Berni res, The War of Don Emmanuel ’s Nether Parts , 1990)____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________5.It was hard to imagine H.E. sniffing after some other country woman, or being discovered mounting one of the milking girls. H.E., even when he was twenty-seven, would not have made a credible farmyard satyr. (Thomas Keneally, The Playmaker , 1987)____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________V . Look at the following paintings and tell briefly the mythological stories depicted therein. (20%)1. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________3. ____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________VI. Essay question: (A) choose ONE from the list of questions and answer the question you’ve chosen, and (B) tell what you have learned from this course. You should write at least 150 words. (20%)1.What is the significance of the story of Proserpine?2.What are the different character traits between Apollo and Bacchus?3.What is the relationship between hubris and nemesis (cite at least one mythological story as an example)?4.What aspect does the Pandora myth show about the ancient Greek society?Your question：_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________。
Unit 3-希腊罗马神话提纲
Unit 3 Five Ages of Man---Human Alienation from the DivineHome Assignment:Comment on human creation myths (Deucalion, Chinese , Indian, Hopi).Prepare the questions 1-4, 6, and 9 on page 54.Five Ages of Mankind1.Golden Age黄金时代(c. 3000 B.C.-?)Paradise; Cronus’s reign, Old Stone Age, Pre-agricultural timesA．men born spontaneously from the earth or fashioned from earth and water by PrometheusB．ruled by Cronus (and Mother Earth), but without lawsC．life peaceful, care-free, labor-free, painless, but vegetarian (acorns and honey from the trees) D．everlasting youth until peaceful death in sleepE．spirits as genii神怪/invisible protectors or helpers of later generations(a life of plenty, freedom and primitiveness;ending with Pandora’s creation)2.Silver Age白银时代(?-1900B.C.)the Moon goddess’s reign, Middle and New Stone Age, Agricultural/ matriarchal periodA．the first race created by the OlympiansB．beginning of agriculture and primitive domestic life (bread)C．the rule of Mothers and men the despised sexD． a full 100 years’ childhood, but only a short time’s adult lifeE．death from “reckless violence”F．savage, ungrateful to creatorsG．spirits as demons( eradicated with the flood?)3.Bronze Age青铜时代(1900-1250B.C.)New Stone Age + Copper Age,agriculture and manufacture,a hunting and warring age, an age of men A．created by Zeus alone, reputedly from ash trees桉树，白蜡树B．ate bread as well as fleshC．bronze houses, bronze armors, and bronze tools or weaponsD．great warriors pursuing brutal, violent conflictsE．spirits went down to Hell(ending with Black Death or Deucalion flood)4.Bronze Age or Age of Heroes青铜/英雄时代(1250-1100B.C.)A．children out of gods’ or goddesses’union with mortals; semi-godsB． a nobler race, “better and more just” than the preceding or succeeding generationC．heroes who fought at Troy (Unit 9) or Thebes (p.386-393)D．their spirits went to the Happy Isles/the Isles of the Blest/ Homeric Edenic Elysium极乐岛to live forever in peace and happiness5.Iron Age黑铁时代(1100-600 B.C.)loss of ParadiseA．all evils and corruptions, injustice and strivesB．toil for survival and suffer endless miseryC．spirits condemned1. What picture of historical development do you get from the account of the Five Ages? Do you agreewith Hesiod? Why?A Human life is in a process of decline (spiral/ circular/ linear downward) with each stage of devolution 退化represented by a metal of inferior value to the one preceding it.B As men degenerate both physically and spiritually, they alienate themselves from the gods; the farther away from thegods/divinity, the nearer to the earthly/earth; also there is alienation between mind and heart/ instinct.C The human sufferings are self-induced punishment by gods; Natural disasters are ways of punishing humans.D Human civilization/knowledge/power leads to its separation from Divinity and Nature.E The account is symbolic and apocalyptic 启示性的: According what has happened to the 5 earlier ages, what is tohappen is predicted. Human history is thus a painful lesson teaching mortals to obey the gods.II. Gods’ Punishment of HumansDeucalion Flood myththe Biblical legend of Noah’s Ark p.282-3●Lycaon or his fifty sons or Tantalus●Historically several big floods in remote pastIII. PrometheusWhat role did Prometheus play in the primal history of mankind? What cultural value does the Promethean fire have in the history of human civilization?How do you like the mythical account that Prometheus was unbound and restored to Olympus? And why?●Family historyTitan Iapetus +Clymen e, daughter of Oceanos--- Atlas holding the broad sky at the ends of the earth---Hesperides p.307-310--- Menoetius sent by Zeus to Erebus---Prometheus ( Forethought先觉者)--Deucalion---Epimetheus(Afterthought后觉者) ---Pyrrha●Creator of humans:---dust/earth (with Uranus’s seeds)---wet the earth with water (water of life)---fashioned it into the image of Gods---to put life into it, confined good and evil of animals into human body, making it half living being(animal life)---Athene gave it soul/psyche and breath of life●Human benefactor:---fire---arts of healing, medicine---mathematics---astronomy---navigation航海---divination占卜---architecture---metallurgy冶金●Defender of human interest:---cheating at sacrifice---leaving meat to men---bringing the needed fire, the symbol of civilization (the Forbidden Fruit)[Promethean Fire: the Forbidden Fruit, which makes civilization possible and simultaneously severs humanity’s primal bond with Nature (Eden/animal)]●Savior of mankind:Christ-like, to suffer for the sake of mankind●Rebel against tyranny:refused to tell the secret (Zeus/Poseidon+Thetis ) and give in to ZeusPrometheus’s acceptance to Olympus: a compromise or a triumph?IV. PandoraWhat is the traditional understanding of Pandora? In what way is she a “lovely evil”?Pandora is often regarded as Eve, the first woman in the Bible. How does she resemble Eve? How do you defend her from the feminist point of view?What does it mean that “hope” alone remains in Pandora’s jar/box? What is the significance of “hope”?1. Nature of Woman●“all-gifted”有着一切天赋的女人●“the root of all evils”, the symbol of extravagance and ill-nature●the being with “curiosity”●the first woman, Greek Eve● a complementary curse and blessing for men[If a man refuses to marry, he has a dismal old age with no one to look after him and no family to inherit his possessions. If a man has a good wife, he has at least a mixture of good and evil.]2. Different accounts of the jarA．all good things flew back to heaven, only Hope was caughtB．both good and evil, Hope the last one to fly out before the jar was shutC．all evils in the jar flew out to attack humans, only Hope remained3. Cultural interpretation of Pandora● a product of earth and a gift of malevolence, the polar opposite of Prometheus’s gift, thecelestial flame that ignites the spark of civilization●this “lovely evil”, the lovely blessing an d curse, like Eve, is the catalyst催化剂of human“decline” and marks the beginning of tension between male and female●with the opening of her jar or box ends the Golden Age, shattering the link between humanityand divinity, and plunging human history into an irreversible downward spiral● a being of complexity with distinctive features of female good and evil, e.g. Ares’s , Hermes’s, Athene’s,Aphrodite’s, etc. as a blessing necessity as well as a curse to men4. Feminist Reading of Pandora●Gods punish men for civilization/brutality, women become the scapegoat.●Her story is really about men’s gullibility (Epimetheus) or innate weakness.●Women have played a decisive role in human civilization: It is human nature to be curious, and itis female curiosity/intelligence/cunning that leads to human civilization/knowledge.---Is female curiosity/intelligence bringing downfall of mankind or initiating Man into larger possibilities of civilized awareness?---Would you rather live contentedly in ignorance or suffer with a good knowledge of what you。
古希腊罗马神话欣赏-课程教学大纲及样题
《古希腊、罗马神话》课程教学大纲课程编码：30615022 学分： 2 总学时：36说明【课程性质】《古希腊、罗马神话》是全日制大学本科教育英语专业高年级开设的专业选修课。
【教学目的】使学生了解西方文化渊源，从文化的角度学习英语词汇，培养和提高其文化素养、鉴赏能力和对异域文化的敏感度。
【教学任务】以古希腊、罗马神话的重要神祗、英雄的轶事为主线，分析现代英语中源于神话的词语与典故及以古希腊、罗马神话为题材的英美文学作品、雕塑、绘画、建筑等艺术作品，提高学生的文化能力和鉴赏水平。
【教学内容】古希腊、罗马神话简介，旧神谱系与天地的起源，奥林匹斯山新神，普罗米修斯与人类，次神的故事，英雄的故事【教学原则和方法】教学原则：以培养具有文化能力和鉴赏水平的学生为原则教学方法：采用多媒体课件教学，辅以影视欣赏和学生讨论促进教学【先修课程要求】本课程是在学生完成了精读、泛读、英美文学、影视欣赏、英美文化概况等课程，并掌握了一定的专业知识和技能基础上开设的专业选修课。
【学时分配】序号内容学时安排小计理论课时实验课时习题课时上机课时1 第一部分2 22 旧神谱系与天地的起源2 23 奥林匹斯山新神10 104 普罗米修斯与人类 4 45 次神的故事6 66 英雄的故事8 87 影视欣赏 4 4总计 36 36 【教材与主要参考书】教材：常耀信《希腊罗马神话》外语教学与研究出版社，1981年。
参考书：廖光蓉《英语词汇与希腊罗马神话》湖南师范大学出版社，1999年。
徐国萍《希腊罗马神话及典故成语》海洋出版社，2001年。
陶洁《希腊罗马神话一百篇》中国对外翻译出版公司，1989年。
大纲内容第一部分古希腊、罗马神话简介【教学目的和要求】教学目的：了解希腊述神话的起源、形成、和发展教学要求：掌握学习古希腊、罗马神话的意义、目的，重要性和方法【内容提要】第一节什么是神话第二节神话的起源和发展第三节神话故事与神话学的区别第四节神话的分类第五节学习神话的原因、意义和方法【教学重点与难点问题】教学重点：神话的分类教学难点：神话的起源和发展【复习思考题】1. 什么是神话?2. 神话故事与神话学的区别是什么？第二部分天地的起源【教学目的和要求】教学目的：讲述天地的起源教学要求：掌握旧神谱系中主要的神及由此派生出来的英语词汇【内容提要】第一节天地的起源第二节旧神谱系：地神盖娅、天神乌拉诺斯，十二提坦巨神第三节以cosmos、chron为词根的派生单词【教学重点与难点问题】教学重点：天地如何起源的教学难点：旧神谱系中诸神之间的关系及名称【复习思考题】1．天地是如何起源的?2．试论述旧神谱系中诸神的关系。
古希腊罗马神话艺术鉴赏讲解模板
神母：野生动物之母；谷物女神
塞默勒 凡人女子 大地女神
葡萄之神
北方流行谷物酒 对狄俄尼索斯崇拜的源
泉并不是葡萄，而是醉 酒 醉酒——神灵附身 回归自然；野性的激情
宗教仪式
火炬传递最初是古希腊 作为一种宗教仪式
火炬传递可追溯到古希腊， 是作为一种宗教仪式出现的。 在希腊神话中，火是赫菲斯托 斯的神圣象征，是普罗米修斯 从宙斯手中偷来赠送给人类的 礼物。最终，这种宗教仪式演 化成古希腊最为流行的体育项 目。现代奥运火炬传递，则转 变成为庆祝奥运会开幕的一项 重要活动。
重大宗教节日
泛雅典娜节 古希腊宗教节日。泛雅典 娜节是雅典人为了纪念雅典护 城女神雅典娜而形成的节日。 泛雅典娜节在雅典历法的一月 间(相当于公历7～8月)举行，这 是庆祝丰收及新年的节日。原 来庆典持续两天，主要有为火 炬赛跑等各项竞技。从公元前 566年起，每四年举行一届大泛 雅典娜节，持续6天,节庆活动 除各项竞技外，又增加了朗诵 (柏拉图的《伊安篇》中，伊安 即将参加此诗歌朗诵比赛)、舞 蹈和音乐比赛,据说还有男子健 美比赛，反映了从单纯注重竞 技到注重文化和情操比赛的转 变。
古希腊罗马神话艺术鉴赏
专题（七）古希腊罗马神话与宗教（下） 第十二组 演讲者：刘文龙 阳强
幻灯片制作者：刘睿骁 资料整理者：苏磊 李祉洋 刘娜 王呈钢
李志成 刘涛 鹏飞 时间：2010年11月4日
希腊罗马神话教学大纲
《希腊罗马神话》课程教学大纲课程代码：070132016课程英文名称： Greco-Roman Mythology课程总学时：24 讲课：24 实验：0 上机：0适用专业：英语大纲编写（修订）时间：2017.10一、大纲使用说明（一）课程的地位及教学目标本课程为英语专业一年级的选修课，目的在于让学生了解西方希腊和罗马的文化渊源，从文化的角度学习英语词汇，培养和提高其文化素养、鉴赏能力和对异域文化的了解程度。
（二）知识、能力及技能方面的基本要求1．知识方面的基本要求：了解希腊罗马神话的主要神抵、英雄事迹等；能够分析现代英语中源于神话的词语与典故以及希腊罗马神话为题材的英美文学作品等。
2．能力技能方面的基本要求：学会从欣赏的角度去理解希腊罗马神话相关的文学作品、雕塑、绘画、建筑等艺术作品，提高学生的文化能力和鉴赏水平。
（三）实施说明授课时教师要着重介绍希腊和罗马时期的神话传说，旧神谱系与天地的起源，奥林匹斯山新神，普罗米修斯与人类，次神的故事，英雄故事等，从而使学生进一步了解希腊罗马神话相关的文化知识，对西方社会有个更加深入的了解。
（四）对先修课的要求无（五）对习题课、实验环节的要求教师留一定的时间给学生进行课上讨论，在发表见解的同时他们会渐渐发觉自己在该学科的理解情况。
同时留相关论文及阅读材料，有助于学生对该学科所学知识的进一步扩展，以促进未来八级考试文化常识的掌握。
（六）课程考核方式1．考核方式：考查2．考核目标：重点考核学生理解、欣赏及评论希腊罗马神话的能力。
3．成绩构成：本课程的总成绩主要由两部分组成：出勤占30%，平时考核占70%。
平时成绩由任课教师视具体情况按百分制给出；平时考核以论文、课上讨论、课上或课下作业完成情况为准；无故旷课三次则取消学生总评成绩。
（七）主要参考书目:《希腊罗马神话欣赏》，王磊，上海外语教育出版社，2008《希腊神话故事精选》，贺明华，天津人民出版社，2006二、中文摘要本课程是英语专业一年级学生的专业选修课，重点在于让学生知晓西方希腊和罗马的文化渊源，从文化的角度学习英语词汇，培养和提高其文化素养、鉴赏能力和对异域文化的了解程度。
希腊罗马神话课程讲义
Roman and Greek Mythology希腊罗马神话课程教案Foreign Language Teaching and Research DepartmentHeilongjiang UniversityForeign Language Teaching and Research Department★ Introduction of GreeceI.ObjectivesStudents will be able to :1. get to know something about GreeceII.Lesson PlanGreece is the southeasternmost region on the European continent. It is defined by a series of mountains, surrounded on all sides except the north by water, and endowed with countless large and small islands. The Ionian (爱奥尼亚) and Aegean seas and the many deep bays and natural harbors along the coastlines allowed the Greeks to prosper in maritime commerce（海上贸易）and to develop a culture which drew inspiration from many sources, both foreign and indigenous. Greece has a history stretching back almost 4000 years. The people of the mainland, called Hellenes(古希腊人), organised great naval and military expeditions, and explored the Mediterranean and the Black Sea, going as far as the Atlantic Ocean and the Caucasus Mountains（高加索山脉）. One of those expeditions, the siege of Troy, is narrated in the first great European literary work, Homer's Iliad. During the Classical period (5th century B.C.), Greece was composed of city-states(古希腊的城邦), the largest being Athens, followed by Sparta（斯巴达）and Thebes（底比斯）. In the second half of the 4th century B.C., the Greeks, led by Alexander the Great①, conquered most of the then known world and sought to Hellenize it. In 146 BC Greece fell to the Romans.During the Hellenistic period, the Greek world was reaching as far east as India. At length its culture became one of the oldest and the most resplendent ancient civilizations in history---Hellenic culture. From this moment on, I will do my best to present you the culture from mythology stories.Foreign Language Teaching and Research DepartmentChapter1 IntroductionI. ObjectivesStudents will be able to :1. get to know the Beginning of the World2. get to know the Olympian GodsII. Learning Difficultiesdifferent names of the gods and goddessesIII.Lesson Plan★ 1.1 The Beginning of the WorldBefore earth and sea and heavens became known, the face of nature was one crude, formless mass. Land and sea and air were mingled together. The universe was a uniform darkness, without sun, moon, let alone the earth. In the middle of the darkness sat Chaos and his wife---Nyx [niks], the goddess of Night, who reigned but did not rule. So the whole space was lifeless. Centuries later, with the birth of Light and Day, earth and sea and air came into being. And also Chaos and Nyx gave birth to Gaea 盖亚(Earth), and Gaea gave birth to Uranus (Heaven) and married him. Still later, the union of Gaea and Uranus gave birth to the Titans (The Titans of Greek mythology were the twelve children of Gaea and Uranus), the Cyclopes and the Centimani. Afraid that his own gigantic children might usurp his throne, Uranus drove them all back to the earth, and this roused the resentment of the mother Gaea. At her instigation one of her sons, Cronus (one Titan) attacked and wounded Uranus with a sickle given by Gaea. Thus Cronus got the crown and became the supreme ruler of the universe.He married his own sister Rhea and entrusted the management of the sun to his brother Hyperion and the moon to his sister Phoebe. Cronus ruled his realm peacefully until an oracle prophesied that he would one day be dethroned/overthrown by one of his own children. To avoid the disaster he took the excessive precaution of swallowing up all his five children one by one after their birth. These were Hesia The goddess of the hearth (赫斯提：女灶神) Demeter (The goddess of the harvest得墨忒耳：主管收获的女神), Hera, Poseidon (The god of the waters, earthquakes, and horses), Hades (The god of the netherworld). When Rhea bore the last child, Zeus (Jupiter), Cronus wanted to get rid of him in the same fashion. But the mother wrapped up a piece of stone in the infant’s swathes and handed it over to the unsuspecting father. Thus Zeus was saved and sent to Mt Ida (艾达峰：克里特岛中部一山峰), where the mountain nymphs (宁芙女神：以美丽女子形象出现，有时化身为树、水和山等自然之物的小女神) did all in their power to protect him from any harm. By the time Cronus became aware of the deception, it was too late, for young Zeus suddenly appeared before him and easily deposed/dethroned him.Foreign Language Teaching and Research DepartmentWith the help of a nauseous potion, Zeus forced his father to disgorge his five brothers and sisters. But Cronus and his Titans were not reconciled to their defeat. They made war on Zeus and his brothers and sisters. Acting on the advice of his mother Rhea, Zeus released the Cyclopes from under the earth and armed himself with their thunderbolts, for the Cyclopes were thunderbolt-makers. Soon Cronus and Titans were forced to submission and cast down into Tartarus (The regions below Hades where the Titans were confined塔尔塔罗斯：冥府下面的深渊). Thus Zeus became the ruler of the Olympus. He made his sister Hera his queen, and distributed power among his brothers and sisters and his sons and daughters. Among them, Poseidon ruled over the vast expanse of seas and oceans, and Pluto was assigned as the lord to the lower world.★ 1.2 The Olympian GodsOn Mt Olympus, the overlord of gods---Zeus---was not an autocrat; he led a council of twelve members (i.e. there were twelve major gods on Mt Olympus).There were twelve Olympians, although you may run across fourteen different names. Hestia, Demeter, Dionysus, and Hades are variable. The remaining ten are: Apollo, Ares, Hermes, Hephaestus, Poseidon, and Zeus, among the gods; Aphrodite, Athena, Artemis, and Hera, among the goddesses.Zeus（宙斯天王）: Zeus is the ruler of the Olympian gods. He is also known as Jupiter in Roman. His attributes in iconography include the lightning bolt, the eagle, and the scepter. Hera（赫拉天后婚姻神）: As the wife (and sister) of Zeus, Hera is the patron of marriage. She is also known as Juno (Roman). She has no unique attributes in iconography and so can only be identified by context or inscription.Poseidon（波塞冬海神）: Poseidon is the god of the sea. He is also known as Neptune (Roman) and the Earth-shaker. His attributes in iconography include the trident and the fish.Hades（哈得斯冥神阎王）:Hades is the god of the underworld. He is also known as Pluto(Roman). His attributes in iconography are the cornucopia and the sceptre.Ares（阿瑞斯战神）: Ares is the god of war and conflict and is the husband of Aphrodite. He is also known as Mars (Roman). Ares is depicted as a warrior but, as he has no unique attributes in iconography, he can only be identified by context or inscription. Hephaestus (赫菲斯托斯火和锻冶之神) : The god of fire and metalworking.Hermes（赫耳墨斯商神幸运神）: Hermes' main role is as a messenger but he has many other functions as well. He is also known as Mercury (Roman). His attributes in iconography include the kerykeion (messenger's staff), winged boots, and petassos (cap). Apollo（阿波罗太阳神）: Apollo is associated principally with music, prophecy, sickness, and medicine. He is also known as Phoebus Apollo and is called the Far Shooter and the Pythian. (He has no separate Roman name.) His attributes in iconography are the cithara, or sometime the lyre, the bow, the fawn, and the tripod. He is often depicted with his sister, Artemis.Artemis（阿耳忒弥斯月神狩猎神）: Artemis is the goddess of the hunt and animals, as well as of childbirth. She is also known as Diana (Roman). Her attributes in iconography include the bow and the fawn. She often appears with her brother, Apollo.Athene（雅典娜智慧神）: Athene (also spelled Athena) is the patron of wisdom, military Foreign Language Teaching and Research Departmentvictory, and women's crafts. She is the one who leaped up from the top of Zeus’s head. She is also known as Tritogeneia and Minerva (Roman) and is also called Pallas Athene. Her attributes in iconography include the aegis (a fringed cloak, sometimes decorated with a Gorgon's head), the helmet, and the spear.Demeter（得墨忒耳农神）: Demeter is the giver of grain. She is also known as Ceres (Roman) and sometimes Deo. Her attributes in iconography can include a torch, a crown, a sceptre, and stalks of grain. She is often portrayed with her daughter, Persephone/Kore. Aphrodite（阿芙罗蒂德爱欲之神）: Aphrodite governs desire and sexuality. She is also known as Cytherea, Cypris, and Venus (Roman). She is often pictured with a sceptre or a mirror.Hestia The goddess of the hearth, daughter of Cronus and Rhea.(赫斯提：女灶神，克罗诺斯与瑞亚之女)Dionysus The god of wine and of an orgiastic religion celebrating the power and fertility of nature.Also called Bacchus狄俄尼索斯(酒神, 即罗马神话中的Bacchus)酒神和宗教狂欢庆祝大自然权力与丰产之神Gods assembled: In the line behind and from left to right is first Hades, holding his two-forked scepter, the mother of the gods Rhea 1, and between her and Hera is Hera's peacock. Zeus sits in the middle with the eagle at his feet holding the thunderbolt in his hand.To his right sits Cronos and standing are Athena and Apollo. Under the latter Artemis, with a half-moon adorning his head, is seen holding her bow. In the first line and from left to right Dionysus 2 is seen reclining. Ares in armour sits close to Aphrodite who looks at Eros as he comes towards her. In the far right sits Poseidon holding his trident.Foreign Language Teaching and Research DepartmentChapter2 Prometheus and Pandora's BoxI. ObjectivesStudents will be able to :1. get to know something about Prometheus2. get to know something about PandoraII. Learning DifficultiesThe relation between Prometheus and PandoraIII. Lesson Plan★ 2.1 PrometheusPrometheus was one of the Titans, a gigantic race, who inhabited the earth before the creation of man. Prometheus was called the benefactor of mankind.To him and his brother Epimetheus was committed the office of making man, and providing him and all other animals with the faculties necessary for their preservation. Epimetheus undertook to do this, and Prometheus was to overlook his work, when it was done. Epimetheus accordingly proceeded to bestow upon the different animals the various gifts of courage, strength, swiftness, sagacity; wings to one, claws to another, a shelly covering to a third, etc. But when man came to be provided for, who was to be superior to all other animals, Epimetheus had been so prodigal of his resources that he had nothing left to bestow upon him. In his perplexity he resorted to his brother Prometheus, who, with the aid of Minerva (The goddess of wisdom, invention, the arts, and martial prowess. 密涅瓦：掌管智慧、发明、艺术和武艺的女神), went up to heaven, and lighted his torch at the chariot of the sun. and brought down fire to man. With this gift man was more than a match for all other animals. It enabled him to make weapons wherewith to subdue them; tools with which to cultivate the earth; to warm his dwelling, so as to be comparatively independent of climate; and finally to introduce the arts and to coin money, the means of trade and commerce.Zeus sent most of the Titans to Tartarus to punish them for fighting against him in the Titanomachy, but since the second generation Titan Prometheus had not sided with his aunts, uncles, and brother Atlas, Zeus spared him. Zeus then assigned Prometheus the task of forming man from water and earth, which he did, but in the process, became fonder of men than Zeus had anticipated. Zeus didn't share Prometheus' feelings and wanted to keep men from having power, especially of fire. So Zeus deprived mankind of the gift of fire. Prometheus cared more for man than for the wrath of the increasingly powerful and autocratic king of the gods, so he stole fire from Zeus' lightning, concealed it in a hollow stalk of fennel, and brought it to man. He also stole skills from Hephaestus and Athena to give to man. Then, when Zeus and he were discussing the ceremonial forms for Foreign Language Teaching and Research Departmentanimal sacrifice, Prometheus devised a way to help man. He divided the slaughtered animal parts into two packets. In one was the ox meat and innards wrapped up in the stomach lining. In the other packet were the ox bones wrapped up in its own rich fat. Prometheus presented Zeus with a choice between the two, and Zeus took the richer appearing. As a result of this trick, man would thereafter be able to feast on the meat whenever it sacrificed (burned bones) to the gods.Prometheus was still not awed by the might of Zeus and continued to defy him, refusing to warn him of the dangers of the nymph Thetis (future mother of Achilles). Zeus had tried punishing Prometheus through his loved ones, but this time he decided to punish him more directly. He bade Hephaestus (or Hermes) chain Prometheus to Mount Caucasus, where an eagle ate his ever-regenerating liver each day.Eventually Hercules rescued Prometheus, and Zeus and the Titan were reconciled. ★ 2.2 Pandora’s BoxPandora, was crafted by Hephaestus in his forge. Athena provided Pandora with skills in the womanly arts and made her dangerous. Zeus, who ordered her creation, gave her as a gift and a curse to mankind. Thus Pandora can be said to have had three parents. Pandora is better known as the woman whose curiosity got the best of her when she opened the forbidden box out of which came all the evils of the world and one good, hope.Aphrodite (Venus) gave her beauty, Hermes (Mercury) persuasion, Apollo music, etc. Thus equipped, she was conveyed to earth, and presented to Epimetheus, who gladly accepted her, though cautioned by his brother to beware of Zeus and his gifts. When he was preoccupied with teaching men the art of living, Prometheus had left a big cask in the care of Ephimetheus. He had warned his brother not to open the lid. Pandora was seized with an eager curiosity to know what this jar contained; and one day she slipped off the cover and looked in. Forthwith there escaped a multitude of plagues and sickness, theft and violence, grief and sorrow and all the other evils that human world was henceforward to experience. Pandora hastened to replace the lid! But the whole contents of the jar had escaped, one thing only excepted, which lay at the bottom, and that was hope. So we see at this day, whatever evils are abroad, hope never entirely leaves us; and while we have that, no amount of other ills can make us completely wretched/miserable/despaired..Foreign Language Teaching and Research DepartmentChapter3 The Four Ages and The FloodI. ObjectivesStudents will be able to :1. get to know something about the four ages2. get to know something about the floodII. Learning DifficultiesThe two characters in the story of the floodIII. Lesson Plan★ 3.1 the Four AgesGolden AgeThe Golden Age was a mythical first period of man when everything was happy and easy, and mortals lived like gods, although they died, but only as if falling asleep. No one worked or grew unhappy. Spring never ended. It is even described as a period in which people aged backwards. When they died, they became ghosts and roamed the earth. The people of the Golden Age were formed by or for the titan Cronus.When Zeus overcame the titans the Golden Age ended.First of all the deathless gods who dwell on Olympus made a golden race of mortal men who lived in the time of Cronos when he was reigning in heaven. And they lived like gods without sorrow of heart, remote and free from toil and grief: miserable age rested not on them; but with legs and arms never failing they made merry with feasting beyond the reach of all evils. When they died, it was as though they were overcome with sleep, and they had all good things; for the fruitful earth unforced bare them fruit abundantly. They dwelt in ease and peace upon their lands with many good things, rich in flocks and loved by the blessed gods.Silver AgeDuring the Silver Age the Olympian god Zeus was in charge. Zeus caused this generation of man to be created inferior in appearance and wisdom to the last. He divided the year into four seasons. Man had to plant grain and seek shelter, but still, a child could play for a hundred years before growing up. The people wouldn't honor the gods, so Zeus caused them to be destroyed. When they died, they became "blessed spirits of the underworld."Bronze AgeThe third Age was of bronze. Zeus created men from ash trees. They were strong and warlike. They did not eat bread. Their armor and homes were of bronze. It was this generation of men that was destroyed by the flood in the time of Deucalion and Pyrrha. When they died they went to the Underworld.Foreign Language Teaching and Research DepartmentThese were destroyed by their own hands and passed to the dank house of chill Hades, and left no name: terrible though they were, black Death seized them, and they left the bright light of the sun.Our race is the Iron Race in the Iron Age.Iron AgeZeus placed a fourth race of men on earth during the present, Iron Age. All manner of evils came into being during this age. Piety and other virtues disappeared and most of the gods who were left on Earth, abandoned it. Zeus will destroy this race some day.The father will not agree with his children, nor the children with their father, nor guest with his host, nor comrade with comrade; nor will brother be dear to brother as aforetime. Men will dishonour their parents as they grow quickly old, and will carp at them, chiding them with bitter words, hard-hearted they, not knowing the fear of the gods. They will not repay their aged parents the cost their nurture, for might shall be their right: and one man will sack another's city. There will be no favour for the man who keeps his oath or for the just or for the good; but rather men will praise the evil-doer and his violent dealing. Strength will be right and reverence will cease to be; and the wicked will hurt the worthy man, speaking false words against him, and will swear an oath upon them. Envy, foul-mouthed, delighting in evil, with scowling face, will go along with wretched men one and all. And then Aidos and Nemesis (7), with their sweet forms wrapped in white robes, will go from the wide-pathed earth and forsake mankind to join the company of the deathless gods: and bitter sorrows will be left for mortal men, and there will be no help against evil.★ 3.2 The FloodTowards the end of the Age of Bronze the human world became very wicked. Men grew greed, and impious. Neither right nor law was respected any longer, and the rule of hospitality (殷勤待客的风俗) was forgotten. Disguised in human form, Zeus visited Arcadia (A region of ancient Greece in the Peloponnesus. Its inhabitants, relatively isolated from the rest of the known civilized world, proverbially lived a simple, pastoral life. 阿卡迪亚：古希腊的一区域，位于伯罗奔尼撒，其居民与其它著名文明世界相对隔绝，以过着简朴和田园式的生活著称。
古希腊罗马神话欣赏-课程教学大纲及样题
《古希腊、罗马神话》课程教学大纲课程编码：30615022 学分： 2 总学时：36说明【课程性质】《古希腊、罗马神话》是全日制大学本科教育英语专业高年级开设的专业选修课。
【教学目的】使学生了解西方文化渊源，从文化的角度学习英语词汇，培养和提高其文化素养、鉴赏能力和对异域文化的敏感度。
【教学任务】以古希腊、罗马神话的重要神祗、英雄的轶事为主线，分析现代英语中源于神话的词语与典故及以古希腊、罗马神话为题材的英美文学作品、雕塑、绘画、建筑等艺术作品，提高学生的文化能力和鉴赏水平。
【教学内容】古希腊、罗马神话简介，旧神谱系与天地的起源，奥林匹斯山新神，普罗米修斯与人类，次神的故事，英雄的故事【教学原则和方法】教学原则：以培养具有文化能力和鉴赏水平的学生为原则教学方法：采用多媒体课件教学，辅以影视欣赏和学生讨论促进教学【先修课程要求】本课程是在学生完成了精读、泛读、英美文学、影视欣赏、英美文化概况等课程，并掌握了一定的专业知识和技能基础上开设的专业选修课。
【学时分配】序号内容学时安排小计理论课时实验课时习题课时上机课时1 第一部分2 22 旧神谱系与天地的起源2 23 奥林匹斯山新神10 104 普罗米修斯与人类 4 45 次神的故事6 66 英雄的故事8 87 影视欣赏 4 4总计 36 36 【教材与主要参考书】教材：常耀信《希腊罗马神话》外语教学与研究出版社，1981年。
参考书：廖光蓉《英语词汇与希腊罗马神话》湖南师范大学出版社，1999年。
徐国萍《希腊罗马神话及典故成语》海洋出版社，2001年。
陶洁《希腊罗马神话一百篇》中国对外翻译出版公司，1989年。
大纲内容第一部分古希腊、罗马神话简介【教学目的和要求】教学目的：了解希腊述神话的起源、形成、和发展教学要求：掌握学习古希腊、罗马神话的意义、目的，重要性和方法【内容提要】第一节什么是神话第二节神话的起源和发展第三节神话故事与神话学的区别第四节神话的分类第五节学习神话的原因、意义和方法【教学重点与难点问题】教学重点：神话的分类教学难点：神话的起源和发展【复习思考题】1. 什么是神话?2. 神话故事与神话学的区别是什么？第二部分天地的起源【教学目的和要求】教学目的：讲述天地的起源教学要求：掌握旧神谱系中主要的神及由此派生出来的英语词汇【内容提要】第一节天地的起源第二节旧神谱系：地神盖娅、天神乌拉诺斯，十二提坦巨神第三节以cosmos、chron为词根的派生单词【教学重点与难点问题】教学重点：天地如何起源的教学难点：旧神谱系中诸神之间的关系及名称【复习思考题】1．天地是如何起源的?2．试论述旧神谱系中诸神的关系。
希腊罗马神话绪论部分教程文件
只有罗马城建立的故事完全属 于罗马人的独创。与罗马有关 的神话故事主要有两个。一个 是罗马城建立者罗慕卢斯和他 的同胞兄弟雷摩斯的故事。这 个故事见于李维和普鲁塔克的 作品。另一个是埃涅阿斯的的 故事，主要见于维吉尔的《埃 涅阿斯记》。埃涅阿斯是特洛 伊的大英雄，特洛伊陷落后他 经过了一番艰险的航行，在意 大利的拉丁姆建立了殖民地， 成为罗马建立者的祖先。所以 罗马独有的神话故事主要源于 古罗马作家的作品。
2.古希腊存留下来的艺术作品，包括雕塑作品和希腊古 瓶上的绘画和古建筑上残留的壁画
3. 后世发掘出土的考古文物
感谢一个人！
古斯塔夫·施瓦布（1792—
1850），是德国著名的浪漫主义 诗人。他生于符腾堡宫廷官员家 庭。曾任席勒的老师。18091814年在蒂宾根大学攻读神学和 哲学，1815年去德国北部地区考 察旅行，结识歌德和霍夫曼等
人。 他在文学上的主要贡献在于发
掘和整理古代文化遗产，曾出版 《美好的故事和传说集》、《德
国民间话本》和《希腊神话故 事》。
他的主要诗集有《博登湖 上的骑士》、《马尔巴赫的巨 人》等。
为什么要学习古希腊、罗马神话？
1.有助于英语的学习
2.有助于吸收希腊文明的精华
3.有助于正确学习西方文明的优良传统和先进的文化知 识
《感动心灵的西方美术》丁宁 著，北京：机械工业出版社，2008 《古希腊悲喜剧全集》【古希腊】埃斯库罗斯等 著，王焕生等
译，南京：译林出版社，2007 《古希腊罗马神话鉴赏辞典》晏立农、马淑琴 编著，长春：吉林
人民出版社，2006
《希腊精神》【美】伊迪斯·汉密尔顿 著，葛海滨 译，沈阳：辽 宁教育出版社，2005
[教案]第一课 古希腊神话欣赏 第一讲
![[教案]第一课 古希腊神话欣赏 第一讲](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/4eb38bcab7360b4c2f3f641e.png)
第一课古希腊神话欣赏（第一讲）教学目标：1.了解希腊神话的产生及其对西方历史文化的影响，熟悉神话中的主要人物及故事。
2.感受神话故事的魅力，以有趣的教学活动激发学生阅读名著的兴趣。
教学重点：了解希腊神话著作结构，了解主要人物，了解其对西方文化产生的影响。
教学难点：学习《古希腊神话》中天马行空的想象力，感受作者语言的精妙。
教学工具：教材、课件、视频、角色牌、海报、便签贴。
教学课时：2次课教学过程：第一课时（55分钟）一．读书堂1.导入（5分钟）PPT2：（板书：古希腊神话欣赏）师：美国诗人爱伦·坡曾经说过：辉煌属于希腊，伟大属于罗马。
在人类文明史上，古希腊文明以其特异的风采与卓越的成就享誉后世，成为影响西方社会乃至世界文明的“希腊的奇迹”。
马克思也曾高度评价希腊文明，认为它具有“永久的魅力”“而且就某方面说还是一种规范和高不可及的范本”。
如果我们把古希腊文明比作一曲蓝色旋律，那么，古希腊神话无疑就是开篇华章。
师：同学们，一提到希腊你们会想起什么？生：发言。
师：（PPT3出示《俄狄浦斯王》封面及简介）在古代埃及，有这样一种风俗——今年如果发生了一种特别大的天灾，弄得庄稼颗粒无收，老百姓就会想：一定是我们犯了什么罪，上天降祸于我们。
那该怎么办呢？他们就把一群羊赶到荒野去，让这群羊代替自己，赎洗自己的罪过，这些羊就叫做“替罪羊”。
希腊神话中的俄狄浦斯的故事，是“替罪羊”的神话原型之一。
俄狄浦斯本身没有罪过，他是一个非常善良的人，但是为什么要给他这样的命运？——当他知道自己就是那个杀父娶母的元凶后，俄狄浦斯刺瞎了自己的双眼，到处去行乞，以此来赎洗自己的罪过——但是事实上他是没有罪的，他不过是一个“替罪羊”，即当一个地方瘟疫流行，庄稼不生长，妇女生育能力下降时，大家找出来的“替罪羊”。
这样的角色在我们现在的人类生活中，还有没有呢？生：讨论、发言。
师：大家知道吗？欧洲人根据人出生的时间，把人们归入12个不同的星座，就像我们国家有12个属相一样。
希腊罗马神话教案
希腊罗马神话教案【篇一：古希腊罗马文学讲义】古希腊罗马文学讲义古希腊、罗马文学的成就和意义古希腊文学贯穿着热爱生活、热爱现实、肯定人、相信人的积极人生态度，在人类艺术发展的早期就表现出高超的艺术技巧，成为欧洲及至整个西方文学的源头。
古罗马文学继承了古希腊文学的杰出成果，并成为古希腊与近代欧洲文学之间的桥梁。
罗马帝国晚期，希伯来文化传到罗马，并与希腊文化结合而成基督教文化，基督教文学随之兴起，成为欧美文学史的又一渊源。
古希腊文学的发展过程“荷马时代”（公元前11世纪-公元前9世纪），主要成就是神话和史诗；希腊城邦国家的形成和繁荣时期（公元前8世纪-公元前5世纪），主要成就是抒情诗和寓言。
“古典时期”，希腊奴隶制的全盛时期（公元前6世纪末-公元前4世纪初），主要成就是戏剧、散文和文艺理论。
希腊化时期（公元前4世纪-公元前2世纪），只有新喜剧对后世文学有影响。
古罗马文学的发展过程共和时期（公元前3世纪-公元前2世纪），主要成就是戏剧；共和晚期和奥古斯都时期（公元前1世纪-公元1世纪），罗马文学的“黄金时代”，散文、诗歌、文艺理论都有新成就；帝国时期（公元1世纪-5世纪中叶），罗马文学开始衰落，仅讽刺诗和小说有些成就。
古希腊、罗马文学繁荣的原因建立在航海贸易基础上的奴隶制经济；奴隶制城邦国家的建立，避免了中央集权专制制度的出现；奴隶主民主政治的发展，保证了雅典等城邦内的公民自由，从而形成了以雅典为代表的古希腊文化学术的繁荣局面。
什么是“城邦”？所谓城邦，指由一个单独的城镇为中心的国家。
历史上的城邦通常是大文化圈的一部份，如古希腊城邦（如雅典、斯巴达）、迦南的腓尼基城邦（如泰尔、西顿）、中部美洲的玛雅城邦、丝绸之路上的小国（如撒马尔罕、布哈拉）和意大利城邦（如佛罗伦斯、威尼斯）。
中国周代实行封建制度，分封的一些诸侯国有时也被称为城邦。
顾准：《希腊城邦制度——读希腊史笔》，贵州人民出版社1994年版。
“城邦”的制度形式贵族制：由贵族集体领导，权力受公民大会制约；寡头制：由少数贵族领导，权力受公民大会制约；僭主制：依靠武力或非法手段夺权，无视公民大会，但往往取悦于平民，有利于向民主制转变；君主制：君主终身世袭，独掌大权，但形式上保留公民大会；民主制：人民集体享有主权，公民大会是最高权力机关。
古希腊罗马神话赏析[试题]
![古希腊罗马神话赏析[试题]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/9a19cd12cd1755270722192e453610661ed95aac.png)
古0代0希0腊0罗0马0神0话0鉴0赏0课0论0文0安阳师院人文管理学院012级金融一班杨丛文01249870130让神性流淌着人性——盗火的普罗米修斯0传说地球上本没有火种，那时人类的生活非常困苦。
没有火烧烤食物，只好吃生的东西，没有火来照明，就只好在那无边的黑暗中，度过一个又一个漫长的夜晚 0众神之王宙斯同意把火种给人类，但是他要求人类必须用一头牛来做献祭。
普罗米修斯想出一个妙计。
给宙斯献祭的时候，普罗米修斯给宙斯的牛被分成两部分：第一部分是生的牛肉，但没有牛皮；第二部分是皮包着骨头，但是浇上了香香的牛油。
宙斯一眼就识破了普罗米修斯的言外之意，生气的说：“我拒绝把最重要的东西给人类，那就是火！”0普罗米修斯是个勇敢而极富同情心的神。
他看到人类生活在寒冷和黑暗中十分伤心，为了给人类造福，普罗米修斯就冒着生命危险为人类盗取天火。
0普罗米修斯躲在太阳车所要经过的路上。
当太阳神阿波罗驾驶着太阳车轰隆隆从天空中驶过的时候，普罗米修斯悄悄地将茴香树的枝条插进太阳车的烈焰中，偷取了火种。
普罗米修斯小心翼翼地把火种带到人间。
从此，人类就用火来烧熟食物，驱寒取暖，用火来打造工具，还用火来驱赶凶猛的野兽。
人类文明向前迈进了一大步。
0主神宙斯站在奥林匹斯山上，发现人间烟火袅袅，立刻追查是谁盗走了天火。
当他得知是普罗米修斯触犯了天规，便大发雷霆，决定要狠狠惩罚他。
但是火神很敬佩普罗米修斯，悄悄地对他说：“只要你向宙斯承认错误，归还火种，我一定请求宙斯他饶恕你。
”普罗米修斯摇摇头，坚定地说：“为人类造福，有什么错！我可以忍受各种痛苦，但决不会承认错误，更不会归还火种！”0火神不敢违背宙斯的命令，只好把普罗米修斯带到高加索山，用一条永远也挣不断的铁链把他缚在一个陡峭的悬崖上，让他永远不能入睡，疲惫的双膝也不能弯曲，在他起伏的胸脯上还钉着一颗金刚石的钉子。
他忍受着饥饿、风吹和日晒。
宙斯派天神用沉重的铁链把普罗米修斯锁在高加索山的悬崖绝壁上，让他经受烈日暴雨的折磨。
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《古希腊、罗马神话》课程教学大纲课程编码：30615022 学分： 2 总学时：36说明【课程性质】《古希腊、罗马神话》是全日制大学本科教育英语专业高年级开设的专业选修课。
【教学目的】使学生了解西方文化渊源，从文化的角度学习英语词汇，培养和提高其文化素养、鉴赏能力和对异域文化的敏感度。
【教学任务】以古希腊、罗马神话的重要神祗、英雄的轶事为主线，分析现代英语中源于神话的词语与典故及以古希腊、罗马神话为题材的英美文学作品、雕塑、绘画、建筑等艺术作品，提高学生的文化能力和鉴赏水平。
【教学内容】古希腊、罗马神话简介，旧神谱系与天地的起源，奥林匹斯山新神，普罗米修斯与人类，次神的故事，英雄的故事【教学原则和方法】教学原则：以培养具有文化能力和鉴赏水平的学生为原则教学方法：采用多媒体课件教学，辅以影视欣赏和学生讨论促进教学【先修课程要求】本课程是在学生完成了精读、泛读、英美文学、影视欣赏、英美文化概况等课程，并掌握了一定的专业知识和技能基础上开设的专业选修课。
【教材与主要参考书】教材：常耀信《希腊罗马神话》外语教学与研究出版社，1981年。
参考书：廖光蓉《英语词汇与希腊罗马神话》湖南师范大学出版社，1999年。
徐国萍《希腊罗马神话及典故成语》海洋出版社，2001年。
陶洁《希腊罗马神话一百篇》中国对外翻译出版公司，1989年。
大纲内容第一部分古希腊、罗马神话简介【教学目的和要求】教学目的：了解希腊述神话的起源、形成、和发展教学要求：掌握学习古希腊、罗马神话的意义、目的，重要性和方法【内容提要】第一节什么是神话第二节神话的起源和发展第三节神话故事与神话学的区别第四节神话的分类第五节学习神话的原因、意义和方法【教学重点与难点问题】教学重点：神话的分类教学难点：神话的起源和发展【复习思考题】1. 什么是神话?2. 神话故事与神话学的区别是什么？第二部分天地的起源【教学目的和要求】教学目的：讲述天地的起源教学要求：掌握旧神谱系中主要的神及由此派生出来的英语词汇【内容提要】第一节天地的起源第二节旧神谱系：地神盖娅、天神乌拉诺斯，十二提坦巨神第三节以cosmos、chron为词根的派生单词【教学重点与难点问题】教学重点：天地如何起源的教学难点：旧神谱系中诸神之间的关系及名称【复习思考题】1．天地是如何起源的?2．试论述旧神谱系中诸神的关系。
第三部分奥林匹斯山新神【教学目的和要求】教学目的：讲述奥林匹斯山新神谱系中诸神的职能、地位及轶事教学要求：掌握诸神的名称、地位及由此派生出来的英语单词【内容提要】第一节宙斯：天神之父，地上万物的最高统治者第二节赫拉：宙斯的正妻，女性的代表第三节雅典娜：智慧女神、雅典城的守护女神第四节阿波罗：太阳神第五节阿尔忒弥斯：月神第六节狄俄倪索斯：酒神与狂饮欢乐之神第七节阿拂洛狄特：爱情之神第八节波塞东：海神第九节哈台斯：冥王第十节赫斐斯托司：火神与工匠神第十一节阿瑞司：战神第十二节赫尔墨斯：宙斯的信使【教学重点与难点问题】教学重点：十二主神的名称、职能、地位及代表物教学难点：诸神的名称及关系【复习思考题】1．列出奥林匹斯山十二主神的名称、职能及代表物。
2．奥林匹斯山十二主神的特点有什么？3．试述大小熊星座的来历。
4．举例说明宙斯的风流成性。
5．试述阿波罗与达芙尼的爱情故事。
第四部分普罗米修斯与人类【教学目的和要求】教学目的：讲述普罗米修斯如何创造了人类教学要求：掌握普罗米修斯的英雄事迹、人类的四个时代及潘多拉的故事【内容提要】第一节普罗米修斯与人类的起源第二节以普罗米修斯的故事为题材的文学作品第三节人类的不同时代第四节潘多拉的盒子【教学重点与难点问题】教学重点：普罗米修斯与人类的起源，人类的四个时代教学难点：普罗米修斯的象征意义【复习思考题】1.人类是如何被创造的?2.宙斯是如何惩罚普罗米修斯的？3.人类经历了哪几个时代？这几个时代分别有什么特点？4.潘多拉的盒子有什么寓意？第五部分次神的故事【教学目的和要求】教学目的：了解希腊神话中一些重要次神的故事教学要求：掌握相对重要的一些轶事和源于此的典故【内容提要】第一节冥王哈德斯与珀耳塞福涅的故事第二节西西弗斯及相关典故第三节坦塔罗斯及相关典故第四节俄耳普斯与欧律狄克的故事第五节潘神一、潘神的象征意义二、以pan为词根的单词和词组第六节酒神狄俄倪索斯一、酒神及其跟随者二、狄俄倪索斯与希腊悲剧三、酒神崇拜及仪式特点四、源于酒神的词语【教学重点与难点问题】教学重点：西西弗斯及相关典故坦塔罗斯及相关典故以pan为词根的单词和词组教学难点：潘神的象征意义狄俄倪索斯与希腊悲剧酒神崇拜及仪式特点【复习思考题】1.西西弗斯的故事有什么寓意？2.试讲述冥王哈德斯与珀耳塞福涅的爱情故事。
3.试论述潘神的象征意义。
4.酒神崇拜有什么特点？5.试论述狄俄倪索斯与希腊悲剧的关系。
第六部分英雄的故事【教学目的和要求】教学目的：讲述英雄的故事教学要求：掌握英雄的主要业绩【内容提要】第一节赫拉克勒斯的十二业绩第二节伊阿宋与金羊毛一、阿尔戈的英雄们二、伊阿宋与美地亚第三节俄狄浦斯与恋母情结第四节特洛伊战争一、不和的苹果二、特洛伊主要人物三、特洛伊战争中重要事件四、阿客琉斯的脚跟五、特洛伊木马六、奥德修斯之旅【教学重点与难点问题】教学重点：特洛伊战争及与其有关的典故俄狄浦斯与恋母情结教学难点：特洛伊战争中的相关人物、人物关系及事件【复习思考题】1.赫拉克勒斯是怎样完成了十二项英雄业绩晋升为神的？2.伊阿宋是如何克服了重重困难找到金羊毛的？3.试述特洛伊战争的起因。
4.阿客琉斯的脚跟有什么寓意？5.什么是恋母情结？6.讲述特洛伊木马的故事及其寓意。
7.试述奥德修斯是如何克服千难万险重返家园的？执笔人：姜艳审核人：龚柏岩《古希腊、罗马神话》课程考核大纲【考核目的】了解学生对经典希腊罗马神话故事的掌握情况，帮助学生加深对神话的定义、意义的理解，提高英语语言水平；考核学生对以神话故事为题材的文学作品的分析和鉴赏能力，为更好的理解西方文明及文化打好基础。
【课程学习的基础】本课程是在学生完成了精读、泛读、英美文学、影视欣赏、英美文化概况等课程，并掌握了一定的专业知识和技能基础上开设的专业选修课。
先修课程不在考核范围内。
【考核的内容范围】本课程主要考核学生对神话中主要神祗和英雄的名称、事件的熟悉程度，现代英语中源于此的词汇和典故的掌握及以神话为主题的文学作品的了解。
【考核方法】期末开卷考试，占６０％，平时考核如出勤、作业、课堂表现占４０％【对试题的要求】对试题的要求：题型比例：客观性试题占８０％，包括单选题、判断题、匹配题、填空题、辨识题等主观性试题占２０％，包括翻译题、论述题等难度等级：分为较易、中等、较难三个等级，大致比例为２０：６０：２０【考核的具体内容】第一部分古希腊、罗马神话简介知识点：１．什么是神话２．神话的起源和发展３．神话故事与神话学的区别４．神话的分类５．学习神话的原因、意义和方法考核目标：１．识记：神话的起源与发展２．理解：神话的定义，神话故事与神话学的区别３．运用：神话的分类第二部分天地的起源知识点：1．天地的起源2．旧神谱系：地神盖娅、天神乌拉诺斯，十二提坦巨神3．以cosmos、chron为词根的派生单词考核目标：1．识记：旧神谱系中重要的神明2．理解：天地是如何起源的3．运用：以cosmos、chron为词根的派生单词第三部分奥林匹斯山新神知识点：1．奥林匹斯山新神谱系中诸神的名称、职能、地位及轶事2．由此派生出来的英语单词考核目标：１．识记：奥林匹斯山新神名称２．理解：奥林匹斯山新神职能、地位及轶事３．运用：奥林匹斯山主神的职能、地位、重要轶事及源于此的英语单词第四部分普罗米修斯与人类知识点：１．普罗米修斯是如何创造了人类２．普罗米修斯的英雄事迹３．人类的不同时代４．潘多拉的盒子考核目标：1．识记：普罗米修斯潘多拉2．理解：普罗米修斯是怎样成为人类的缔造者3．运用：普罗米修斯创造人类的故事，人类的不同时代，潘多拉的盒子的故事及寓意第五部分次神的故事知识点：１．冥王哈德斯与珀耳塞福涅的故事２．西西弗斯及相关典故３．坦塔罗斯及相关典故４．俄耳普斯与欧律狄克的故事５．潘神６．酒神狄俄倪索斯考核目标：1．识记：（1）冥王哈德斯（2）珀耳塞福涅（3）坦塔罗斯（4）俄耳普斯与欧律狄克（5）潘神（6）酒神2．理解：（1）冥王哈德斯与珀耳塞福涅的故事（2）俄耳普斯与欧律狄克的故事（3）狄俄倪索斯与希腊悲剧（4）酒神崇拜及仪式特点 (5) 潘神的象征意义3．运用：(1) 西西弗斯及相关典故(2) 坦塔罗斯及相关典故(3) 潘神及酒神在神话中的地位第六部分英雄的故事知识点：1．赫拉克勒斯的十二业绩2．伊阿宋与金羊毛3．俄狄浦斯与恋母情结4．特洛伊战争考核目标：1．识记：（1）赫拉克勒斯（2）伊阿宋（3）俄狄浦斯（4）海伦（5）帕里斯（6）墨涅拉俄斯（7）阿伽门农（8）阿客琉斯（9）奥德修斯2．理解：（1）赫拉克勒斯的十二业绩（2）伊阿宋与金羊毛（3）奥德修斯之旅3．运用：（1）特洛伊木马（2）俄狄浦斯与恋母情结（3）阿客琉斯的脚跟【样题】I. Fill in the following blanks with proper names or words in Greco-Roman myths.(每小题2分，共20分)1.In the ancient Greek myth of creation , before earth ,sea and heavens became known, there was only__________ which is the dark and silent abyss.2.By the end of the war between Zeus and Cronus, a titan called ___________was singled out to hold up the world on his back as a punishment for his supporting Cronus against Zeus.3._________, was bathed in bliss and brightness the home of the gods, where Zeus ruled as the father of gods and men.4. In the Olympian Gods, ____________is the god in charge of the sea.5. The ___________ , the second epic of Homer, narrates the tribulations and feats of Odysseus fromthe time he left Troy with his fleet and the moment when he set foot again on the soil of Ithaca.6. As a messenger god, _____________is naturally the god of roads and door ways.7. In Greek myths, the apple of a goddess_______caused a ten-year war8. The riddle “what is that which has one voice and yet becomes four-footed and two-footed andthree-footed’ was given by Sphinx and later was solved by ________.9. In the palace of Hades ,the king of Corinth ________ had to push up a hill a huge stoneconstantly ,but the stone would roll back down again before it reached the top.10._________was turned into a Laurel tree when she was trying to escape from Apollo’s pursuit.II. Multiple choice.(每小题1分，共10分)1.________was not only the god of prophecy but the god of health and healing.A. ZeusB. HermesC. ApolloD. Mars2. Prometheus was finally saved by_____?A. ApolloB. PoseidonC. HeraclesD. Hermes3. During the age of ______,men further degenerated ,ruthless and ferocious. They delighted in warand perished in ceaseless strife.A. GoldenB. SilverC. BronzeD. Iron4.In all accounts of Greek myths, _________ is known as the protector and benefactor of man, for hegave mankind a number of gifts including fire.A. UranusB. PrometheusC. EpimetheusD. Zeus5. ________was a handsome youth who was so vain that he thought no one but himself was worthy to see his youthful beauty.A. NereusB. ProteusC. PersephoneD. Narcissus6._________ performed twelve stupendous labors, which ultimately won his way to heaven.A. HephaestusB. HermesC. HeraclesD. Hades7. One of Zeus’ mistresses ________ and her son were transformed to bears and have remained to this day, known as the constellation of the Great and Little Bear.A. IoB. NiobeC. PhilemonD. Callisto8.________ was dipped by his mother in the waters of Styx which could render the human body immune to sword and fire.A. AgamemnonB. AchillesC. OedipusD. Sisyphus9.Who is the god of theatre?A. PanB. SatyrC. DionysusD. Apollo10.With the help of Medea, ___________emerged safe and sound , and finally brought the goldenfleece back.A. OedipusB. MenelausC. OdysseusD. JasonIII.Write out the concerning names or characters in Greek myths from which the following words are derived.(每小题1分，共10分)1. Junoesque ( )2. gorgon ( )3. panic ( )4. venereal ( )5. cereal ( )6. bacchanalian ( )7. volcano ( )8. Atlantic ( )9. martial ( )10. hector ( )IV. Write out the names relative to the description below.(每小题2分，共10分)1.__________ It was the weapon of Zeus and Athena. It possessed the power to terrify anddisperse the enemy or to protect friends.2.____________ Sea-nymphs, whose singing charmed mariners to leap into the sea passing theirisland.3.____________ The leader of the Achaeans in the Trojan war, the king of Mycene.4.____________ Monsters with brazen claws, protruding teeth and coiling snakes round their headsand necks.5.____________ His name signifies all,he came to be considered a symbol of the universe andpersonification of Nature.plete the following idioms by using the names in Greco-Roman myths according to the implication of each idiom in current English . (每小题3分，共15分)1.___________ the prediction that is true but is not believed.2._____________the fountainhead of all evils3._____________chosen by Sigmund Freud to designate a son’s feelingof love toward his mother and jealous hatred toward his father.4._____________a trap intended to undermine an enemy, or subversionfrom inside.5._____________the mystical person or thing that is hard to be understood.VI. Fragment identification. (每小题4分，共20分)Read the following poem fragments, each is about a character in Greek myths. Write out the related names according to the following fragments ."Titan! to whose immortal eyesThe sufferings of mortality,Seen in their sad reality,Were not as things that gods despise;What was thy pity's recompense?A silent suffering, and intense;The rock, the vulture, and the chain;All that the proud can feel of pain;The agony they do not show;The suffocating sense of woe."Thy godlike crime was to be kind;To render with thy precepts lessThe sum of human wretchedness,And strengthen man with his own mind. And, baffled as thou were from high,Still, in thy patient energyIn the endurance and repulseOf thine impenetrable spirit,Which earth and heaven could not convulse,A mighty lesson we inherit."------ From Byron2."More lovely than her, whom the gods Endowed with all their gifts; and O, too likeIn sad event, when to the unwiser sonOf Japhet brought by Hermes, she insnared Mankind with her fair looks, to be avengedOn him who had stole Jove's authentic fire."------ from Milton3. When the world is puddle-wonderfulthe queerold balloonman whistlesfar and weeand bettyandisbel come dancingfrom hop-scotch and jump-rope andit’sspringand the goat-footed balloon Man whistlesfar and wee------ from In Just4．“Lord of Thebes, do not sow a furrow of children against the will f the gods for if you beget a son, that child will kill you, and all your house shall wade through blood.”----- from Eruipides5. As I bent down to look, just oppositeA shape within the watery gleam appearedBending to look on me. I started back;It started back; but pleased I soon returned,Pleased it returned as soon with answering looksOf sympathy and love. There had I fixedMine eyes till now, and pined with vain desire,Had not a voice thus warned me; “What thou seest,What there thou seest, fair creature, fair creature, is thyself;”------- From MiltonVII. Translation. (每小题3分，共15分)1.If a public relation officer is as shy as Daphne, how can she carry out her duty?2.How could they refuse the siren song of the land to adventurers?3.He dared his father’s Olympian fury.4.Students studying for final examinations yearn for the Elysian idleness of the summer vacation.5.What an Arcadia you live in!执笔人：姜艳审核人：龚柏岩。