上海市2020届高三英语上学期返校摸底考试试题牛津上海版
上海市青浦区2020届高三英语上学期学业质量调研一模试题
上海市青浦区2020届高三英语上学期学业质量调研（一模）试题（时间120分钟，满分140分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. 10. B. 20. C. 30. D. 40.2. A. A teacher. B. A coach. C. A judge. D. A doctor.3. A. In the school clinic. B. In the bookstore.C. In the teacher’s office.D. In the theatre.4. A. The man didn’t even know Jenny. B. Jenny changed the color of her hair.C. The woman dialed Jenny last week.D. The man didn’t notice Jenny’s hair.5. A. He kept awake last night, feeling hot.B. He stayed up late last night, working hard.C. He didn’t have an air conditioner in his room.D. He di dn’t go to work last night because he was tired.6. A. Checking in. B. Giving suggestions.C. Making complaints.D. Looking for the toilet.7. A. Reasonable. B. Practical. C. Serious. D. Ridiculous.8. A. He was attracted. B. He was puzzled.C. He was bored.D. He was unconscious.9. A. The man is already fed up with playing the piano.B. The piece of music the man played is very popular.C. The woman came to the concert at the man’s request.D. The man’s unique talents are the env y of many people.10. A. Whether the houses are for sale.B. Whether the article is worth reading.C. Whether the house developers are negative.D. Whether paying a visit to the house is helpful.Section BDirections:In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the short passages and the longer conversation. The short passages and the longer conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Sunlight exposure. B. Stress level. C. Health risks.D. Lifestyle.12. A. Because fatty fish contain Vitamin A & D.B. Because eyes have special needs for nutrition.C. Because eye maintenance mainly relies on foods.D. Because leafy green vegetables are rich in nutrition.13. A. By using computers with 24-inch screens. B. By glaring at the screen.C. By reducing exposure to blue light.D. By rubbing the eye every two hours.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Contented and relieved. B. Anxious and depressed.C. Proud but a bit nervous.D. Excited but a bit sad.15. A. Choose the right school for them. B. Help them to learn bythemselves.C. Read books and magazines to them.D. Set an example for them to follow.16. A. Their intelligence. B. The quality of their school.C. Their family life.D. The effort put in learning.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Mother and son. B. Tour guide and visitor.C. Husband and wife.D. Shop assistant and customer.18. A. It will not be fun with Mr. Whitehead hosting.B. It is a comedy show she has watched before.C. It has been criticized in the local papers.D. It consists of a lot of different acts.19. A. It has little impact on people’s daily life. B. It sounds quite alarming.C. It is getting more serious these days.D. It seems a depressing topic.20. A. Watch a charity comedy. B. Go and see Carmen.C. Look after the kids.D. Book tickets for City Theatre.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Mako sharks get new protectionsAt the global wildlife trade meeting in Geneva, countries have decided to protect the endangered mako shark from trade. GENEVA made the proposal (21) ______ more protections should be taken for both shortfin and longfin mako sharks and was adopted today after a 102-40 vote at the global wildlife trade summit. The vote still needs to be finalized at the full meeting at the end, when all appendix (附录) change proposals passed in committee are officially adopted.The proposal, debated at this year’s CITES Conference, lists mako sharks under Appendix II, meaning that they can’t be traded (22) ______ it can be shown that fishing wouldn’t threaten their chances for survival. Conservationists say this was the wo rld’s last chance to prevent mako shark populations from collapsing.(23) ______ (list) mako sharks on CITES Appendix II is great news for shark conservation. More than 50 of the 183 CITES members signed on as supporters of the proposal brought forth by Mexico. Nonetheless, conservationists feared that opposition from a few countries with fairly large mako fishing industries—primarily the United States, Canada, and Japan—(24) ______ tip the scale. Japan opposed the measure during the debates, and the United States announced afterward it (25) ______ (vote) no.In the past, the U.S. and others have supported listing other shark species under CITES, but not so in this case, (26) ______ commercial interests. For a lot of these countries, they were happy to list shark species when it was ones they weren’t so heavily involved in fishing. Suddenly, when they’re being asked to be responsible, rather than asking other people to be responsible, they’re (27) ______ (little) keen to take it on board.The International Union for the Conservation of Nature, which determines the conservation status of species claims that both species of mako sharks to be endangered, saying an (28) ______ (estimate) 50 to 79 percent population decline over three generations, or about 75 years. They (29) ______ (target) for their fins (鳍), used in shark fin soup—a dish in Asian countries, that’s often served at weddings as a sign of respect for guests. Their meat is more edible compared to (30)______ of other sharks, which is often acidic and is usually sold as a byproduct of the fin trade for “pennies on the dollar”.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.In between all the measures to battle the severe air pollution levels in Delhi, there’s one more option for you —a bar that has “pure air”. Delhi’s first-ever oxygen bar —named “Oxy Pure” — offers 15 minutes of 80-90 percent pure oxygen starting from Rs 299.The bar, __31__ in May, also offers its customers several aromas（香味）to choose from that can be filled with oxygen. The aromas include lemongrass, cherry, mango and more.Customers are given a lightweight tube, used for supplementary oxygen __32__. The device is placed near the customer’s nose through which they are advised to breathe in the aroma-filled oxygen.According to the aroma you choose, each session __33__ to improve one’s sleep patterns and digestion, cure headaches and even claims to work as a remedy for __34__.“I was passing by and saw that they were offering pure oxygen. I thought I would give it a try and went for the lemongrass flavour. It was __35__,” Manjul Mehta, a customer at Oxy Pure told Delhi Daily.Speaking to Delhi Daily, Bonny Irengbam, senior sales assistant at the bar, said customers were __36__ positively after a few sessions.“Some people, who try it for the first time, will feel relaxed and fresh. Butonly people who undergo the sessions regularly will get real __37__ of the aroma,” he added. “Though we have regular customers, we don’t encourage back-to-back sessions, as __38__ levels of oxygen in the body can make a person dizzy. It is __39__ to do it once or twice a month or to stick with the 10-15 minute sessions a day,” he said.Dr. Rajesh Chawla, a senior consultant in medicine said that though such sessions do not have any side-effects, it does not help in the long run either. “Even if you breathe in the so-called pure oxygen for two hours in a day, you will go back to breathing the polluted air for the rest of the 22 hours”, he said. He added that the concept is purely a(n) __40__ move.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Stories about the problems of tourism have been numerous in the last few years. Yet it does not have to be a problem. Although tourism inevitably affects the region in which it takes place, the costs to these fragile (脆弱的) environments and their local cultures can be __41__. Indeed, as has happened with some Alpine villages，it can even be a(n) __42__ for refreshing local cultures. And a growing number of adventure tourism __43__ are trying to ensure that their activities benefit the local population and environment over the long term.In the Swiss Alps, communities have decided that their future depends on combining tourism more effectively with the local __44__. Local concern about the rising number of second home developments in the Swiss Pays-d’Enhaut resulted in __45__ being imposed on their growth. There has also been a new interest in cheese production in the area, providing the locals with a __46__ source of income that does not depend on outside visitors.Many of the Arctic tourist destinations have been exploited by __47__ companies, who employ temporary workers and send most of the profits back to their home base. But some Arctic communities are now operating tour businesses themselves, thereby ensuring that the benefits increase __48__. For instance, a native corporation in Alaska, employing local people, is running an air tour from Anchorage to Kotzebue, where tourists eat Arctic food, walk on the lands and watch local musicians and dancers.Native people in the desert regions of the American Southwest have followed __49__ strategies, encouraging tourists to visit their towns and reservations to __50__ high-quality handicrafts and artwork. Some have established highly profitable stoneware businesses, while the Navajo and Hopi groups have been similarly __51__ with jewelry.Too many people living in fragile environments have lost control over their economies, their culture and their environment when tourism has spread through their homelands. Merely restricting tourism cannot be the __52__ to the imbalance because people’s desire to see new places will not just disappear. __53__, communities in fragile environments must achieve greater control over tourism ventures in their regions, in order to __54__ their needs and desires with the demands of tourism. A growing number of communities are __55__ that, with firm combined decision-making, this is possible. The critical question now is whether this can become the normal status, rather than the exception.41. A. promoted B. minimized C. inherited D. deleted42. A. vehicle B. responsibility C. example D. entrance43. A. operators B. professors C. mayors D. journalists44. A. committee B. culture C. scenery D. economy45. A. views B. burdens C. limits D. qualifications46. A. costly B. critical C. reliable D. sensible47. A. responsible B. native C. thoughtful D. outside48. A. locally B. extensively C. virtually D. typically49. A. positive B. personalized C. similar D. primary50. A. estimate B. collect C. appreciate D. purchase51. A. relevant B. successful C. combined D. impressed52. A. desire B. solution C. appeal D. priority53. A. Instead B. Moreover C. However D. Besides54. A. balance B. meet C. require D. recognize55. A. complaining B. mentioning C. demonstrating D. protestingSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)McCoy was looking for a safe place to do drugs when something clearly out of place caught his eye: a luxurious brown leather handbag.McCoy, 36, could relate all too well. One of his few possessions, the sleeping bag he used in an abandoned house, had recently been stolen. Remembering how angered he’d been by his own loss, he resolved to return the purse to its owner.He began right away, starting with the address on the bill found in the handbag. After traveling much of the day and finally approaching the address on the bill, he was stopped by a woman, who asked whether she could buy the purse. McCoy refused, saying he was searching for its owner. “But I am the owner,” the woman said. “That’s my purse.”A month earlier, Kaitlyn Smith, 29, a sales representative for a medical device company, had woken up to find her apartment broken into and her purse stolen. Now she came across a tall, messy-looking man holding it tightly. She could instantlytell he wasn’t in good shape.At Sm ith’s urging, McCoy told her his story. He’d been in charge of a landscaping business until 2012, when a car accident left him addicted to drugs.Smith, amazed this stranger had gone to such great lengths to return her bag, asked whether there was anythin g she could do to help. “I’m a drug addict,” McCoy warned. “I don’t want to intrude on your life; I’m probably gonna let you down.”Unafraid, Smith gave him her phone number, saying, “If you want to go to rehab (戒毒所), call me.” She then drove him back to h is neighborhood and left, thinking that would be the end of it. Two days later, she got a call.Smith realized that McCoy was serious about getting better, so she dug into her savings account and bought McCoy a plane ticket to Florida. While there, he would call her to let her know how he was doing. “We were getting to know each other,” Smith says. “His scared, desperate voice turned into a healthy, lively one.” After 28 days at a rehab program at Johns Hopkins Hospital, McCoy is drug-free. He lives at a residential recovery center in Baltimore, and a GoFundMe page set up by Smith has covered his rent, groceries, and incidentals. His life is back on track, all because one crime victim could understand another’s loss.56. What drove McCoy to look for the owner of the handbag?A. The urge to find a business partner.B. The resolution to recover his sleeping bag.C. His own unfortunate experience.D. His anger over the poor living condition.57. What was McCoy’s initial reaction towards Smith’s intention t o help?A. Enthusiasm.B. Resistance.C. Hostility.D. Gratitude.58. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. McCoy was a victim of an identity theft.B. Smith offered McCoy a ride home at his request.C. McCoy looked unhealthy when he bumped into Smith.D. Smith covered McCoy’s living expense in the recovery centre.59. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?A. Drug-abuse Can Heal.B. Lost and Found.C. Mutual Communication Matters.D. Good Deeds Repaid.(B)Growing Green ThumbsCallie’s Kids by Calloway NurseryDenton, 940/591-8865;Flower Mound, 972/691-2650;Lewisville, 972/315-3133.LEARN: Kids ages 5-12 can explore and plant in the Calloway gardens with a parent/caregi ver’s supervision at 9:30 am on the first or third Wednesdays from June to August. A garden expert will share tips and advice for the best gardening practices during the 45-minute session (beginning on June 2). Preregistration online is required.COST: FreeDenton Children’s Community Garden2200 Bowling Green Ave., Denton, 940/349-2883.LEARN: Join the weekend work at the community garden, where caregivers, parents and master gardeners help children of all ages plant new vegetables, water the plants, harvest from the gardens and more. The instructors also lead games about nutrition, good and bad insects and more. 10 am-5 pm on Saturdays.COST: FreeCoppell Community Gardens255 Parkway Blvd., Coppell.LEARN: Kids of all ages (with a parent/caregiver) can volunteer at either the HelpingHands Garden (255 Parkway Blvd.) or Ground Delivery Garden (450 S. Denton Tap Road). Children will have the opportunity to till(耕) the ground, plant vegetables, harvest from the garden and more. Master gardeners are available on site; all harvested foods are either sold at the community's farmers’ market or donated to the area food bank. Work begins every Saturday at about 9 am.COST: Free60. If a child wants to plant in the Calloway gardens, he / she ______.A. needs to register online before handB. should be present every Wednesday morningC. must be under supervision throughout the yearD. can visit for more information61. Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A. All the three gardens are based in Denton.B. Experts in Calloway Gardens are tipped for their instructions.C. Kids in Coppell Community Gardens may take harvests home.D. Activities in Denton Children’s Community Gardens are entertaini ng.62. This piece of writing is most probably issued by ______.A. a food industry in bad need of fundingB. a website promoting gardening facilitiesC. an institution offering learning programsD. an association publicizing botanical gardens(C)Though the spread of good reproduction(复制品) of works of art can be culturally valuable, museums continue to promote the special status of original work and highlight the authenticity(真实) of its exhibits. Unfortunately, this seems to place severe limitations on the kind of experience offered to visitors.One limitation is related to the way the museum presents its exhibits. Art museums are often called “treasure houses”. We are reminded of this even before we viewa collection by the presence of security guards who keep us away from the exhibits. In addition, a major collection like that of London’s National Gallery is housed in numerous rooms, where a single piece of work is likely to be worth more than all the average visitor possesses. In a society that judges the personal status of the individual so much by their material worth, it is therefore difficult not to be impressed by one’s own relative “worthlessness” in such an environment.Furthermore, consideration of the “value” of the original work in its treasur e house setting impresses upon the viewer that since these works were originally produced, they have been assigned a huge value in terms of money by some person or institution more powerful than themselves. Evidently, nothing the viewer thinks about the wo rk is going to alter that value, and so today’s viewer is discouraged from trying to extend that spontaneous, immediate, self-reliant kind of interpretation which would originally have met the work.The visitor may then be struck by the strangeness of seeing such a variety of paintings, drawings and sculptures brought together in an environment for which they were not originally created. This “displacement effect” is further heightened by the huge volume of exhibits. In the case of a major collection, there are probably more works on display than we could realistically view in weeks or even months.This is particularly distressing because time seems to be a vital factor in the appreciation of all art forms. A fundamental difference between paintings and other art forms is that there is no prescribed time over which a painting is viewed. Operas, novels and poems are read in a prescribed time sequence, whereas a picture has no clear place at which to start viewing, or at which to finish. Thus art works themselves encourage us to view them superficially, without appreciating the richness of detail and labor that is involved.Consequently, the dominant critical approach becomes that of the art historian, a specialized academic approach devoted to “discovering the meaning” of art within the cultural context of its time. This is in harmony with the museum’s function, since the approach is dedicated to seeking out and conserving “authentic”, “original” readings of the exhibits.63. The writer mentions London’s Natio nal Gallery to illustrate ______.A. the undesirable cost to a nation of maintaining a huge collection of artB. the conflict that may arise in society between financial and artistic valuesC. the negative effect a museum can have on visitors’ opinion of t hemselvesD. the need to put individual well-being above large-scale artistic schemes64. The writer says that today viewers may be unwilling to criticize a work because they ______.A. lack the knowledge neededB. fear it may have financial implicationsC. have no real concept of the work’s valueD. feel their personal reaction is of no significance65. The writer says that unlike other forms of art, the appreciation of a painting does not ______.A. involve direct contact with an audienceB. require a specific location for performanceC. need the involvement of other professionalsD. call for a specific beginning or ending66. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Original work: killer of artistic appreciationB. Original work: reduction to value of art worksC. Original work: substitute for reproductionD. Original work: art historians’ bread and butterSection CDirections: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Vitamin D3 Improve Heart FunctionA daily dose of vitamin D3 improves heart function in people with heart failure, a five-year University of Leeds research project has found.Dr. Klaus Witte, from the School of Medicine and Consultant Cardiologist at Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, led the study. He said: “This is a significant breakthrough for patients. It is the first evidence that vitamin D3 can improve heart function of people with heart muscle weakness –known as heart failure.” __67__ Vitamin D3 can be boosted by exposure to sunlight, but heart failure patients are often deficient in it even during the summer because older people make less vitamin D3 in response to sunlight than younger people. Vitamin D3 production in the skin is also reduced by sunscreen.The study, which was funded by the Medical Research Council, involved more than 160 patients from Leeds who were already being treated for their heart failure using proven treatments including beta — blockers, ACE-inhibitors and pacemakers. __68__ Those patients who took vitamin D3 experienced an improvement in heart function which was not seen in those who took a placebo.__69__ Heart specialists measure heart function by taking an ultrasound scan of the heart and measuring how much blood pumps from the heart with each heartbeat, known as ejection fraction. The ejection fraction of a healthy person is usually between 60% and 70%. In heart failure patients, the ejection fraction is often significantly impaired —in the patients enrolled into the study the average ejectionfraction was 26%.In the 80 patients who took Vitamin D3, the heart’s pumping function improved from 26% to 34%. __70__ This means that for some heart disease patients, taking vitamin D3 regularly may lessen the need for them to be fitted with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD), a device which detects dangerous irregular heart rhythms and can shock the heart to restore a normal rhythm.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Social media and teens’ anxietyFrom cyber-bullying to cruel comments, social media can be a land mine for kids. Issues parents never worried about are now a risk for many teens. With kids’ digital well-being a concern, researchers are exploring potential links between social media and the rise in teen suicide rates, tech addiction, and loss of real-life social skills. Many parents are wondering: Is social media causing my kid to have anxiety?It’s a question that worried parents. Some research has observed a relationship between social media use and anxiety in kids, but it’s difficult to know if and when social media causes anxiety or whether kids who are anxious turn to social media as a way to seek support. How kids use social media matters, too. Social comparison and feedback-seeking behaviors have been associated with depressive symptoms, which often co-occur with anxiety.How can parents keep social media a positive for kids?1. Seeing photos of a trip to the beach your friends didn’t invite you to can really be upsetting. If your kid is tired of digital drama, suggest they take a break from social media for a while. In fact, if they post a s tatus update that they’retaking a break, their friends might be very accepting because they’ve had similar feelings.2. People post stuff that makes their lives look perfect — not the homework struggles, or the fight they had with their dad. Remind kids that social media leaves the messy stuff out — and that everyone has ups and downs.3. In a world where kids could spend their days lying around looking at Wechat, it’s doubly important for them to feel as though they’re cultivating their inner lives. Prompt them to balance social media with soul-nourishing activities such as hobbies, exercise, reading, and helping others. Otherwise, what are they going to show off about on social media?V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72．艺术节开幕式上学生的演出真是太棒了！（performance）73．图书管理员提醒新生，杂志阅毕要放回原处。
2020届上海市浦东新区模范中学高三英语一模试卷及答案
2020届上海市浦东新区模范中学高三英语一模试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIn September, something terrible happened on the west coast ofTasmania,Australia. As many as 380 pilot whales became stranded(搁浅) in shallow water there and later died. This might have beenAustralia’s largest stranding event on record, the BBC reported.But this large amount of whale stranding is not uncommon. For centuries, it has happened all over the world and has puzzled scientists. Scientists say the cause is often unknown. But they have offered many different explanations.Some say the whales chase small fish for food and end up in shallow water because they are not paying attention to where they are going.Others think the stranding has something to do with Earth’s geomagnetic field (地磁场). They say that a geomagnetic compass in whales’ brains controls their position. Unusual changes in Earth’s magnetic field can affect the whales’ compasses and send them in the wrong direction.Another explanation suggests that stranding is caused by the close relationships that whales have. Pilot whales travel in large groups. One lead whale might mistakenly lead the whole group to shallow water. “And if one gets into trouble, the others will not leave,” said Sheryl Gibney, a leading biologist fromNew Zealand. “Some will come in and try to help, they get trapped on the beach, then more will come.”The whales are trapped by mistake or out of sympathy(同情). Once they get stranded, they will likely die. According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of theUS, less than 10 percent of all stranded whales survive.1. What do we know about the stranding inAustralia?A. It happened on theeast coast ofAustralia.B. It caused the death of over 300 pilot whales.C. It is commonly seen in September each year.D. It was the largest stranding event in the world.2. According to Gibney, the pilot whales are the animals that________.A. are kind to each otherB. are easy to lose directionC. are too huge to float in the seaD.are silly to follow the leading whale3. What is the story mainly about?A. How human activity has affected whales.B. What might cause whale strandings.C. How whales find their direction while traveling.D. What scientists are doing to save stranded whales.BAfter years of releasing e-readers that compete directly with Amazon’s Kindle, Rakuten Kobo’s latest device offers something totally different: theability to draw and write directly on the screen.With a large 10.3-inch E-ink display, the Kobo Elipsa looks more like an electronic clipboard than the standard paperpack-sized e-reader. Although the ability to write on the screen is no big deal — especially given its high price tag of $ 600 — the overall package is impressively functional.In terms of reading, the Elipsa packs just about everything you’d expect in a Kobo. You can purchase and download books from the store, read web articles you’ve saved online via Pocket, and connect to your local library to borrow e-books and magazines. It’s known that Kindle basically requires you to buy books from Amazon. Unlike Kindles, Kobos are pretty open with the formats they support; you can connect the Elipsa to a computer and transfer over any PDF books you have bought or downloaded from stores like Booktopia or Google Books.You can fill your virtual notepads with notes using brush and pen types, and export them as PDFs or images to a PC. There’s also an “advanced” notebook that can turn your writing into typed and editable text for exporting to Microsoft Word format. You can also write directly onto documents themselves, with all your word circling and underlining saved as you go to review later. This is especially handy when it comes to PDFs, as changes you make are synced（同步）automatically when you have Wi-Fi, so you can move between your Elipsa, PC and phone and keep your notes.With all that said, we can see it really appealing to e-reader fans who also tend to do a lot of work on paper. If you ever print things out to mark them up, fill notepads with writing or drawing that you later have to transcribe or scan, or just wish you could write all over your library books, this could be the device for you.4. Which of the following best describes the Elipsa?A. Automatic.B. Traditional.C. Useful.D. Standard.5. How is a Kobo different from a Kindle in reading?A. A Kindle has a larger screen.B. A Kindle can support more formats.C. A Kobo supports books from various sources.D. A Kobo should be connected to local libraries.6. What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us about Kobos?A Their function in syncing. B. Their function in typing.C. Their function in writing.D. Their function in reading.7. In which section of a newspaper can the text probably be found?A. Education.B. Technology.C. Lifestyle.D. Business.CWhen John was growing up, other kids felt sorry for him. His parents always had him weeding the garden, carrying out the garbage and delivering newspapers. But when John reached adulthood，he wasbetter off than his childhood playmates. He had more job satisfaction, a better marriage and was healthier. Most of all, he was happier. Far happier.These are the findings of a 40-year study that followed the lives of 456 teenage boys fromBoston. The study showed that those who had worked as boys enjoyed happier and more productive lives than those who had not. “Boys who worked in the home or community gained competence（能力）and came to feel they were worthwhile members of society, ” said George Vaillant, the psychologist（心理学家）who made the discovery. “And because they felt good about themselves, others felt good about them.”Vaillant’s study followed these males in great detail. Interviews were repeated at ages 25, 31and 47. Under Vaillant, the researchers compared the men’s mental-health scores with their boyhood-activity scores. Points were awarded for part-time jobs, housework, effort in school, and ability to deal with problems.The link between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp. Those who had done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have warm relations with a wide variety of people, five times as likely to be well paid and 16 times less likely to have been unemployed. The researchers also found that IQ and family social and economic class made no real difference in how the boys turned out.Working—at any age—is important. Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility, independence, confidence and competence—the underpinnings（基础）of emotional health. They also help him understand thatpeople must cooperate and work toward common goals. The most competent adults are those who know how to do this. Yet work isn't everything. As Tolstoy once said, “One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how to work and how to love, to work for the person one loves and to love one's work.”8. What do we know about John？A. He received little love from his family.B. He had few childhood playmates.C. He enjoyed his career and marriage.D. He was envied by others in his childhood.9. Vaillant’s words in Paragraph 2 serve as _______.A. a description of personal values and social valuesB. an analysis of how work was related to competenceC. an example for parents' expectations of their childrenD. an explanation why some boys grew into happy men10. Vaillant's team got their findings by _______.A. recording the boys' effort in schoolB. comparing different sets of scoresC. evaluating the men's mental healthD. measuring the men's problem solving ability11. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. Competent adults know more about love than work.B. Emotional health is essential to a wonderful adult life.C. Love brings more joy to people than work does.D.Independenceis the key to one's success.DWhile the arts can' t stop the COVID-19 virus or the social unrest we see in the world today, they can give us insight into the choices we make when moving through crises and chaos. The arts invite everyone to think in new ways.We often experience works of art as something that's pleasing to our senses without a full understanding of the creative effort. Great art often shows us contradictions and crises, and we can learn a great deal from their resolutions(解决). Through our understanding of art, we can gain a deeper understanding of how we mightovercome our own challenges. In understanding extremes of contrast, we can see the beauty in art with themes that are not simply pleasing for their magnificent features or qualities.Beethoven offers a wonderful example of moving artfully through crises and chaos. He composed his Symphony No. 9 as his hearing loss became more and more pronounced. The opening of the symphony seems to come out of nowhere, from near silence in the opening to a full expression of what many consider to be the joy of freedom and universal brotherhood with Schiller’s Ode to joy（欢乐颂). Beethoven appears to have created a work of art that not only freed him from his personal struggles, but one that also speaks to the joy of living together in peace and harmony.Have a dialogue between the two opposing parts and you will find that they always start out fighting each other until we come to an appreciation of difference—a oneness of the two opposingforces.The arts offer many lessons that can help us gain the knowledge we need to move more confidently in today’ s competitive and uncertain environment. An openness to arts-based solutions will give you more control over your future.12. What value does art have beyond pleasing people's senses?A. It brings people inner peace.B. It contributes to problem-solving.C. It reduces the possibility of crises.D. It deepens understanding of music.13. What can we learn about Beethoven's Symphony No. 9?A. It celebrates freedom and unity.B. It aims to show crises and chaos.C. It opens with Schiller's Ode to Joy.D. It is unfinished due to his hearing loss.14. What is the author's suggestion on dealing with conflicting forces?A. Leaving things as they are.B. Making a choice between them.C. Separating them from each other.D. Engaging them in a conversation.15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. How COVID-19 changes artB. Essentials of Symphony No. 9C. Moving artfully through crisesD. Joy in the eyes of Beethoven第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
上海市黄浦区2020届高三上学期期末质量调研(一模)英语试卷(word解析版)
黄浦区2019〜2020年第一学期高三年级质量调研考试高三英语答案解析版II. Grammarand VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill inthe blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For theblanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the givenword; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Asleep on a plane: a case for window scatsI love tosleep on planes, and I have an unusual ability to sleep well on them. There have even been one or two occasions ] I have fallen asleep before takeoff and awakened upon the impact of landing, not having realized we had even left the ground. So when 2 (book) my flights, I always choose the window seat whenever possible. This allows me to lean my sleepy hcadagainst the wall of the plane for a bit 3 (much) comfort.Some 4 argue that the aisle (走廊)scat is superior for the leg space and the ability to get off swiftly and eye the snack cart. But in reality, we're all getting our drinks and snacks5 few seconds. Also, 1 find that if a person knows he's in a window scat, he'll choose to use the bathroom before boarding so that he6 (not need) to disturb his neighbor, which is just considerate. And he'll seize the opportunity to get up when another seatmate gets up so that the scatmatc needn't7 (bother) more than once.As a photographer and visually oriented person, the window seat gives me the best views of cottony clouds, or a great sunset, or golden sunrise, etc. Most of all, 8 I've been flying for years, I still get pleasure of seeing my departing city or country 9 (shrink) into the distance,and the butterflies in my stomach whenI see (he horizon of my destination come into view. And those feelings of adventure and excitement arc10 keep me coming back ,flight after flight, to my window seat.【答案】1-whenbooking 3. more4.can/ mayevery 6. doesn't need【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。
2020届上海市黄浦区高三上学期期末调研测试英语试题
2020年上海市黄浦区高考英语一模试卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections：In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation，a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers onyour paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．（1分）A．In a cosmetics shop．B．In a hospital．C．In a nutrition department．D．In a supermarket．2．（1分）A．Boss and secretary．B．Editor and publisher．C．Student and professor．D．Writer and reader．3．（1分）A．Open a wedding company．B．Try a new restaurant．C．Run his own bakery．D．Buy some insurance．4．（1分）A．The package is too big to deliver．B．The delivery can be made automatically．C．The woman will have lunch with the man．D．The man can make the delivery tomorrow morning．5．（1分）A．He was most difficult to satisfy．B．He set many special requirements．C．He inspected the project regularly．D．He was as common as other customers．6．（1分）A．An amazing book．B．A great woman．C．A scientific field．D．A strong voice．7．（1分）A．He himself is a big fan of Hepburn．B．He does not think the girl is like Hepburn．C．He felt puzzled by girls' love for Hepburn．D．He does not know anything about Hepburn．8．（1分）A．When to do mind﹣wandering．B．Where to have physical activities．C．How to keep attentive in a lecture．D．How to take notes in a lecture．9．（1分）A．Ordinary．B．Practical．C．Disturbing．D．Unrealistic．10．（1分）A．Decorating the company．B．Finishing a painting．C．Preparing a presentation．D．Restructuring the budget．Section BDirections：In Section B，you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation，you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice，but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question，read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.11．（4.5分）（1）A．2．B．11．C．21．D．30．（2）A． A horse．B．A dog．C．A pig．D．A cat．（3）A．More annoyed．B．Less anxious．C．More frightened．D．Less shocked．12．（4.5分）（1）A．Its clear aim．B．Its evaluation process．C．Its numerous applications．D．Its solid foundation．（2）A．In 1954．B．In 2013．C．In 2018．D．In 2000．（3）A．Its location and area．B．The categories of its collections．C．Its official WeChat account．D．The visiting experience it offers．13．（6分）（1）A．Consumer and gender．B．Age groups and activities．C．Sports and facilities．D．Training time and trend．（2）A．Cycling．B．Jogging．C．Skiing．D．Swimming．（3）A．18﹣26．B．27﹣35．C．36﹣45．D．46﹣55．（4）A．To determine which item deserves priority．B．To get ideas for a more appealing slogan design．C．To know about teenagers' leisure sporting activities．D．To see which age group is at the top of consumption capability．II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word，fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word；for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank.14．（10分）Asleep on a plane：a case for window seatsI love to sleep on planes，and I have an unusual ability to sleep well on them．Therehave even been one or two occasions （1）I have fallen asleep before takeoff and awakened upon the impact of landing，not having realized we had even left the ground．So when （2）（book）my flights，I always choose the window seat whenever possible．This allows me to lean my sleepy head against the wall of the plane for a bit （3）（much）comfort．Some （4）argue that the aisle （走廊）seat is superior for the leg space and the ability to get off swiftly and eye the snack cart．But in reality，we're all getting our drinks and snacks （5）seconds．Also，I find that if a person knows he's in a window seat，he'll choose to use the bathroom before boarding so that he （6）（not need）to disturb his neighbor，which is just considerate．And he'll seize the opportunity to get up when another seatmate gets up so that the seatmate needn't （7）（bother）more than once．As a photographer and visually oriented person，the window seat gives me the best views of cottony clouds，or a great sunset，or golden sunrise，etc．Most of all，（8）I've been flying for years，I still get pleasure of seeing my departing city or country （9）（shrink）into the distance，and the butterflies in my stomach when I see the horizon of my destination come into view．And those feelings of adventure and excitement are （10）keep me coming back，flight after flight，to my window seat．Section BDirections：Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.15．（10分）A．access B．arise C．attachment D．definitely E．partner F．potentialG．shape H．stimulated I．subconsciously J．traditional K．unbankedBeyond Mobile Money：The Future of Asia's FinTechMobile money has been the hottest part in financial technology for the last few years．But FinTech is more than just how people store money and transact（交易）﹣the space is much more horizontal，shortcutting how we create，share，and protect value．The latest product of FinTech companies to （1）in Asia Pacific illustrates the many ways the space can help consumers beyond just their mobile wallet．It is important for all businesspersons to be aware of these trends，as their success opens up all sorts of possibilities for companies to （2）with them．And，on a much deeper level，new FinTechs may （3）consumer expectations in even other tech industries．The Smartphone Emerges as a Credit﹣Scoring StandardWith close to half a billion （4）consumers in Southeast Asia alone，there is an entire industry of FinTechs devoted to finding ways to accurately determine their credit﹣worthiness to give them （5）to finance．Unfortunately，since they don't have bank accounts，such FinTechs cannot rely on （6）financial information or credit card payments．One credit scoring source emerging as a new standard in the field is smartphone﹣based credit scoring．It has （7）broad global support，including from the likes of the World Bank．In one of its reports，the Asian Development Bank even stated that mobile data was a key to financial （8），as it could improve customer recording，and，in turn，get an access to credit．AI Combines with the Wisdom of the CrowdThe most common slogan in today's tech headlines is the "artificial intelligence"．Readers are fascinated with how AI has the （9）to transform every consumer and enterprise （企业）industry．While such focus is appropriate that AI will （10）change the world，it leaves out a crucial element that will go hand﹣in﹣hand with its rise：the wisdom of the crowd．III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections：For each blank in the following passag，there are four words or phrases marked A，B，C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.16．（15分）Endangered languages can be found throughout the world．Many languages now have fewer than 100 or even fewer than 10 speakers．The crisis is not limited to remote regions of the world．When Europeans first arrived in North America，312 different languages were （1），of which 123 are now known to be extinct．Of the （2）languages，most speakers are grandparents and great﹣grandparents．Different researchers offer different definitions of "endangered"．The system of （3）used by the Catalogue of Endangered Languages evaluates languages in four areas：the （4）of all the speakers，how often the language is conveyed to the next （5），the rate at which it is losing speakers and the（6）in which it is used．Based on this data，languages are ranked on a six﹣point scale from "safe" to "severely endangered．" The midpoint，"endangered" refers to a language with between 100 and 1，000 speakers who represent about half of the language's community or ethnic group．The language is spoken only by some parents，of whom very few teach it to their children．It is （7）used at home and is not taught in schools or used for government business．Languages become endangered due to a number of （8）factors including globalization，economics，technology，education policy，and changes in （9）attitudes．As the forces of globalization make the world more interconnected，previously （10）language communities come under pressure to participate in a larger economy，which means learning the area's majority language．（11），local schools often begin to teach the majority language instead of the local tongue．Local languages also （12）as communities adopt mobile phones and computers，most of which run on software that has been translated into only a handful of languages．This trend （13）as these devices connect users to the Internet．At this point，many communities undergo a cultural （14）in which parents no longer value the language enough to teach it to their children．Initiatives to （15）endangered languages have become more numerous in recent years．These efforts tend to focus on two main areas：the documentation of endangered languages，and efforts to increase the use of endangered languages among younger speakersand in the community at large．（1）A．at hand B．at risk C．in use D．in view（2）A．ancient B．evolving C．local D．surviving（3）A．assessment B．classification C．description D．research（4）A．age B．background C．number D．religion（5）A．committee B．century C．generation D．government （6）A．content B．occupations C．situations D．themes（7）A．advisedly B．efficiently C．primarily D．rarely（8）A．balancing B．complicating C．historical D．interrelated （9）A．cultural B．mental C．moral D．religious（10）A．foreign B．informal C．isolated D．national（11）A．For example B．In contrast C．In response D．Vice versa （12）A．boom B．develop C．disappear D．suffer（13）A．ceases B．changes C．increases D．starts（14）A．difference B．influence C．shift D．variety（15）A．enrich B．purify C．refresh D．standardize Section BDirections：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A，B，C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.17．（8分）Many of China's ancient architectural treasures smashed to dust before Lin Huiyin and Liang Sicheng began documenting them in the 1930s．The husband and wife team were among the first preservationists to operate in China，and by far the best known．Their efforts have since inspired generations of people to speak out for architecture threatened by the rush toward development．Becoming China's best architectural historians was no easy accomplishment．The buildings they wanted to save were centuries old，located in distant parts of the country．In many cases，they had to journey through dangerous conditions in the Chinese countryside toreach them．Exploring China's remote areas during the 1930s meant traveling muddy，poorly maintained roads by mule（骡子）or on foot．Inns were often dirty，food could be polluted，and there was always risk of violence from rebels，soldiers and robbers．Their greatest discovery was the Temple of Buddha's Light，in Wutai County，Shanxi Province．Thebreathtaking wooden temple was built in 857 A．D．，making it the oldest building known in China at the time．Liang and Lin crawled into the temple's most forbidding，forgotten areas to determine its age，including one hideaway inhabited by thousands of bats and millions of bedbugs，covered in dust and littered with dead bats．"In complete darkness and among the awful smell，hardly breathing，with thick masks covering our noses and mouths，we measured，drew，and photographed with flashlights for several hours．When at last we came out to take a breath of fresh air，we found hundreds of bedbugs in our bag．We ourselves had been badly bitten．Yet the importance and unexpectedness of our find made those the happiest hours of my years hunting for ancient architecture．" Liang wrote of the experience in an account included in "Liang and Lin：Partners in Exploring China's Architectural Past．"（1）On their way to the ancient buildings in 1930s，Liang and Lin faced following risks EXCEPT．A．accommodationsB．personal securityC．road conditionsD．vehicles（2）Liang and Lin raised public awareness of．A．documenting smashed historical buildingsB．rebuilding historically valuable buildingsC．saving the oldest temples in ChinaD．protecting historical buildings（3）While exploring the Temple of Buddha's Light，．A．Liang and Lin caught insects with awful smellB．Liang and Lin were forbidden to breathe insideC．Liang and Lin were pleased at something unhoped forD．Liang and Lin determined its age by studying bedbugs' hideaway（4）Which of the following is the best title for the passage？A．Creativeness results in discoveryB．Difficulty produces achievementC．Efforts contribute to happinessD．Responsibilities make development18．（6分）Get true﹣to﹣life photos and increased adaptability．Produce true colors，and set up，connect，and print right from your mobile device．Go from memory card to photo printout with ease．HP Photo and Document All﹣in﹣One Printers are designed for families and other home users who want a device capable of printing everything from documents，emails and webpages to rich，bright lab﹣quality photos﹣with copy and scan tools too．Active security enabled printer．Intended to be used with containers using only HP original electronic electrical system．Containers with modified or non﹣HP electronic circuitry may not work，and those that work today may not work in the future．Twice as many photosPrint up to twice as many pages with Original HP high﹣yield ink containers．HP 64 ink containers deliver true colors so all your prints will shine．Create splendid borderless photos and leaflets﹣right in your home．The power of your printer in your handPrinting photos just got easier ﹣from social media，the cloud，and your camera﹣roll gallery．Amazing scanning，now on your smartphone．Scan and share to email or the cloud ﹣from virtually anywhere．Ordering ink has never been easier ﹣directly through the app．Easily print photos and everyday documents directly from your smartphone or tablet．A new level of wireless connectivity you can count onGet simple Wi﹣Fi® setup in minutes，and start printing fast．Return & exchange informationHP．com will accept returns or exchanges for this product up to 30 days after delivery．A restocking fee may apply．（1）Which statement is true of this type of printer？A．It is a portable printer designed for home and office use．B．It is a multi﹣function printer producing high﹣quality photos．C．It is an easy﹣operation printer with a two﹣year free care pack．D．It is a wireless﹣connected printer protected by modified containers．（2）Which of the following words best describe its "ink container"？A．Adaptable．B．Automatic．C．Cost﹣effective．D．Eco﹣friendly．（3）If you order this type of printer online today，．A．you will receive it tomorrowB．you can return it without being chargedC．you can get a care pack on discountD．you can save﹩8019．（8分）①Risk is something we face daily．However，some people are obviously more willing to take risks than others．②Biologists appear to have discovered a physical reason that explains why some people arerisk﹣takers．Dopamine is a neurotransmitter，a chemical that spreads signals between nerve cells．It is linked to the brains reward system and is the chemical that makes us feel good，and scientists believe it to be linked to risk﹣taking．Our nerve cells have dopamine receptors（接收器）which control the amount of dopamine that each cell receives．But not all receptors may be active．When a person has few active receptors to control the amount of dopamine that is received，a cell can become flooded resulting in an extreme feeling of happiness．③Researchers at Vanderbilt University and Albert Einstein College of Medicine asked 34 menand women to complete a questionnaire about their risk taking to assess whether they seek new opportunities or are cautious in life．The results of the research were consistent with similar studies carried out with rats，and had the same outcome．It concluded that people who are risk﹣takers have fewer dopamine receptors than people who are not．This suggests that the rush of pleasure a risk taker receives when a cell becomes flooded with dopamine can become addictive for some people．They therefore pursue new and exciting activities in order to try to repeat this feeling，and as a result their concern for risk becomes considerably reduced．④Dopamine gives us a biological reason for risk﹣taking，but scientists believe there may bepsychological reasons too．Sensation﹣seeking is a personality characteristic that describes the desire to find activities that bring us pleasure．In 1964，psychologist Marvin Zuckerman created the sensation﹣seeking scale．His 40﹣item questionnaire，still used today，was given to people who were active in seeking new activities，and to people who were more satisfied with a quiet life．While risk﹣taking is not a characteristic in itself，it is very much associated with sensation﹣seeking，as a high sensation﹣seeker does not evaluate risk in thesame way that a low sensation﹣seeker does．A desire to achieve pleasure means that there isa greater willingness to take more risks．⑤There are both biological and psychological explanations as to why some people maychoose to takemore risks than others．However，none of these explanations are definitive．（1）If a person has fewer active dopamine receptors，．A．he is less likely to feel happyB．he is more willing to take risksC．he will eventually become dopamine﹣addictiveD．he is poorer at controlling the amount of dopamine（2）The underlined phrase "consistent with" is closest to "" in meaning．A．contrary toB．in agreement withC．at the cost ofD．persistent in（3）What can be concluded from paragraph 4？A．The longing for pleasure may lead to risk taking．B．A willingness to take more risks can be cultivated．C．The sensation﹣seeking scale can help to evaluate risk．D．High sensation﹣seekers are more common than low ones．（4）This passage mainly talks about．A．when we learn to take risksB．how risk﹣taking benefits usC．what makes risk﹣takersD．why we should take risksSection CDirections：Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.20．（8分）A．Many options require city﹣level investment in new facilities．B．However，it is not yet clear which technologies and fuels cities will back．C．Through their actions，city governments today are helping to shape the cities of the future．D．For example，London is requiring all newly licensed taxis to be zero﹣emission capable from 2018．E．City planners are using transport﹣oriented development to increase density while maintaining quality of life and property value．F．Some cities，such as Delhi，are investing heavily in creating the mass transport systems needed tochange how citizens travel．Sustainable Transport in CitiesTransport has always shaped cities．In Medieval times crossroads gave birth to blooming market towns．Many North American cities were created for the car．But how are the cities of today being shaped by a need for more sustainable transport？Many local governments are speeding up change through policy initiatives such as joined transport，congestion charges and low emission zones，sustainable gaining and lifecycle costing，and opening data up to companies and academics．And these city level policies can move markets in more sustainable directions．（1）This has resulted in five vehicle manufacturers committing to meeting that deadline，which is both in their own commercial interests and good for the environment．The least dense cities，for example，Houston，have per capita（人均的）carbon emissions nearly ten times higher than the densest，such as Singapore．（2）This involves gathering mixed use developments around a key transport center，as with the KL Central area in Kuala Lumpur，built around the largest railway station in Southeast Asia．（3）Others are using motivations and behavioural change to encourage people to choose more efficient﹣and often healthier﹣forms of transport．Copenhagen has a number of progressive cycling policies including the Green Wave，which allows people cycling at 20km/h to hit all green lights during rush hour．Light weighting and new engine and fuel technologies are helping to make existing road and rail vehicles more efficient．（4）The main options are hydrogen fuel cells，fossil fuel hybrids，and electric vehicles，and the best solution may well vary from city to city．IV. Summary Writing21．（15分）Directions：Read the following passage．Summarize the main idea and the main point（s）of the passage in no more than 60 words．Use your own words as far as possible．Online "friends" ﹣a threat to developmentThe impact of technology on the nature of our friendships has been a much﹣debated topic since the dramatic rise of social networks．Advances in mobile technology and social networking websites mean we spend more time online than ever before．It is therefore not surprising that so many psychologists，sociologists，and others are eager to give their thoughts on how this is impacting negatively on our society．There is one element of social networking that is deeply worrying．We find ourselves in a hyper﹣connected world where people access social media day and night，excited to make announcements about the tiniest details of their lives．Research is starting to show that this culture is negatively affecting not our friendships but our character．Professor Larry D．Rosen says that young people who overuse social networking sites can become ineffective，aggressive，and display anti﹣social behavior in their offline lives．But perhaps an even more disturbing effect is that one of our most basic emotions seems to be disappearing ﹣empathy．This is the emotion that allows us to see the world from our friends' points of view．Without it，we are far less able to connect and form meaningful adult relationships．Professor Sherry Turkle suggests that people are no longer comfortable being alone．This is something confirmed by a study where 200 university students were asked to go without social media for 24 hours．Many admitted an addiction to their online social network；most complained that they felt cut off from family and friends．And yet being alone is a time when we self﹣reflect and get in touch with who we really are．It is only when we do this that we can make meaningful friendships with others．These potential changes in our characters are rather alarming，so it is clear that we can't neglect thosenegative impacts of social networks．V. TranslationDirections：Translate the following sentences into English，using the words given in the brackets.22．（2.5分）这些安全措施仍将继续实施至下月初．（remain）23．（2.5分）完善自我是一个抽象的理想，无法激励一些学生真正对抗惰性．（incapable）24．（2.5分）由于缺乏受过专业训练的教师，一些美国学校很难加入汉语教学的竞争．（shortage）25．（2.5分）如今，病人能很便捷地下载他们的医疗记录以获取诸如检测结果之类的信息，大大节省了时间和人力．（so…that）VI. Guided Writing26．（25分）Directions：Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to the instructions given below inChinese．假设你是李明，你校正在进行高三年级的课程微调，准备将周三下午的第四节课设置为"艺术欣赏类课程（art appreciation）"或者"学科拓展类课程（subject expansion）"，现广泛征求高三同学的意见．请发一封邮件至校长信箱（邮件中请不要出现真实的校名和姓名），你的邮件内容需包括：（1）你建议校方设置以上两类课程中的哪一类；（2）你的理由；（3）你希望此类课程包含哪些内容．2020年上海市黄浦区高考英语一模试卷参考答案与试题解析I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections：In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation，a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers onyour paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．（1分）A．In a cosmetics shop．B．In a hospital．C．In a nutrition department．D．In a supermarket．【分析】略【解答】D【点评】略2．（1分）A．Boss and secretary．B．Editor and publisher．C．Student and professor．D．Writer and reader．【分析】略【解答】C【点评】略3．（1分）A．Open a wedding company．B．Try a new restaurant．C．Run his own bakery．D．Buy some insurance．【分析】略【解答】C【点评】略4．（1分）A．The package is too big to deliver．B．The delivery can be made automatically．C．The woman will have lunch with the man．D．The man can make the delivery tomorrow morning．【分析】略【解答】D【点评】略5．（1分）A．He was most difficult to satisfy．B．He set many special requirements．C．He inspected the project regularly．D．He was as common as other customers．【分析】略【解答】A【点评】略6．（1分）A．An amazing book．B．A great woman．C．A scientific field．D．A strong voice．【分析】略【解答】B【点评】略7．（1分）A．He himself is a big fan of Hepburn．B．He does not think the girl is like Hepburn．C．He felt puzzled by girls' love for Hepburn．D．He does not know anything about Hepburn．【分析】略【解答】C【点评】略8．（1分）A．When to do mind﹣wandering．B．Where to have physical activities．C．How to keep attentive in a lecture．D．How to take notes in a lecture．【分析】略【解答】C【点评】略9．（1分）A．Ordinary．B．Practical．C．Disturbing．D．Unrealistic．【分析】略【解答】D【点评】略10．（1分）A．Decorating the company．B．Finishing a painting．C．Preparing a presentation．D．Restructuring the budget．【分析】略【解答】C【点评】略Section BDirections：In Section B，you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation，you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice，but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question，read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.11．（4.5分）（1）A．2．B．11．C．21．D．30．（2）A． A horse．B．A dog．D．A cat．（3）A．More annoyed．B．Less anxious．C．More frightened．D．Less shocked．【分析】略【解答】11﹣13ACB【点评】略12．（4.5分）（1）A．Its clear aim．B．Its evaluation process．C．Its numerous applications．D．Its solid foundation．（2）A．In 1954．B．In 2013．C．In 2018．D．In 2000．（3）A．Its location and area．B．The categories of its collections．C．Its official WeChat account．D．The visiting experience it offers．【分析】略【解答】14﹣16BCB【点评】略13．（6分）（1）A．Consumer and gender．B．Age groups and activities．C．Sports and facilities．D．Training time and trend．（2）A．Cycling．B．Jogging．D．Swimming．（3）A．18﹣26．B．27﹣35．C．36﹣45．D．46﹣55．（4）A．To determine which item deserves priority．B．To get ideas for a more appealing slogan design．C．To know about teenagers' leisure sporting activities．D．To see which age group is at the top of consumption capability．【分析】略【解答】17﹣20BBDA【点评】略II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word，fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word；for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank.14．（10分）Asleep on a plane：a case for window seatsI love to sleep on planes，and I have an unusual ability to sleep well on them．Therehave even been one or two occasions （1）when I have fallen asleep before takeoff and awakened upon the impact of landing，not having realized we had even left the ground．So when （2）booking（book）my flights，I always choose the window seat whenever possible．This allows me to lean my sleepy head against the wall of the plane for a bit （3）more（much）comfort．Some （4）may argue that the aisle （走廊）seat is superior for the leg space and the ability to getoff swiftly and eye the snack cart．But in reality，we're all getting our drinks and snacks （5）within / in seconds．Also，I find that if a person knows he's in a window seat，he'll choose to use the bathroom before boarding so that he （6）won't need（not need）to。
2020届上海牛津版高考英语模拟卷4
2020届上海牛津版高考英语模拟卷4I . Listening ComprehensionSection A (10%)Directions：In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between, two speakers. At the end of each conversation，a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it， read the four possible answers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. He likes dancing. B. He doesn’t li ke music.C. He is a modern type of man.D. He is particular about dancing music.2. A. She likes the professor. B. The professor likes her.C. She doesn’t like the professor.D. She doesn’t know him anyway.3. A. She has lots of dates. B. She's through with her work.C. She was experimenting in a lab.D. She will not be busy again.4. A. She couldn’t get the reservations. B. She forgot about the reservations.C. She no longer wanted to go.D. She wanted to see the hotel manager.5. A. She forgot to make the delivery.B. She isn’t challenged by her work in accounting.C. She didn’t mind taking the package.D. She didn’t know what was in the package.6. A. Tom should get some rest. B. Tom should come to the meeting anyway.C. The man should cancel the meeting.D. Someone should replace Tom.7. A. Read the newspapers. B. Save the papers for a while.C. Pick up the newspapers.D. Throw away the wastepaper.8. A. Package the new iPad. B. Sell the old iPad.C. Take off the receipt.D. Put the iPad back where he got it.9. A. In rural areas. B. In the uptown area.C. In the construction field.D. In the city center.10. A. The man should check the amount of pieces.B. The machine can be repaired.C. The pieces are not all there.D. The equipment should be put away first.Section B (15%)Directions ： In Section B，you will hear two passages and one Longer conversation. After each passage and conversation，you -will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions -will be spoken only once. When you hear a question， read jour possible answers on your pa per and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. 13% more new graduates than that of last year.B. 61% new graduates from universities.C. Over 50% new college graduates.D. 26% more graduates than that of the previous year.12. A. The South. B. The West. C. The Northeast. D. The Midwest.13. A. Financial analysts. B. Registered nurses.C. Computer programmers.D. Teachers.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. A lot of people migrated out of town.B. The Victorian buildings were too old.C. The railroad line was no longer in use.D. The environment wasn’t properly preserved.15. A. To come and stay. B. To visit and leave.C. To leave them alone.D. To purchase its seaside property.16. A. Introducing Eastern shore in Virginia.B. Dilemmas encountered in development.C. Gorgeous seaside entertainment.D. Conflict between the poor and the rich.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Figuring out meaning by context.B. Looking up the words in the dictionary.C. Turning to your friends for help.D. Sorting out the similar examples.18. A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.19. A. Running. B. Pen. C. Racket. D. Enclosure.20. A. Looking at how the way the word is most commonly used.B. Referring to the recent experience.C. Falling back on the language teachers.D. Getting more reading experiences.II. Grammar and VocabularySection A (10%)Directions ： After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word，fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word ； for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank.Right now in schools across the country children are busy selling Pepsi-Cola in the name of education. They are part of Pepsi’s “Learn and Earn Project” -- a competition (21) ____ (set) up by Pepsi once a year that encourages students to sell the soft drink at parties.According to materials the company (22) ____ (send) to the teachers，the project declares “help strengthen students’ broad understandings of business, particularly its broad marketing and management aspects”.(23) ____ it fulfills this objective or not, it does succeed in selling Pepsi.The “Learn and Earn Project” is just one example of the hundreds of ways food companies(24) ____(encourage) the buying of their products in schools. Particularly in the fields of nutrition and home economics, companies send numerous “teaching aids”： highly professional films, shiny workbooks and pamphlets, (25) ____ available to teachers at well below commercial rates (26) ____ free.For example, the Savennach Sugar Refining Corp.，put out a book for students called “Sugar Through the Ages” which includes statements such as “Scientists have found that generous amounts of sugar (27) ____ (be) a valuable part of well-balanced diets for growing children”.By far, (28) ____ (large) supplier of nutrition materials to schools is the National Dairy Council, which provides all sorts of pamphlets (29) ____ (address) questions ranging from “How am I doing socially?” to “How am I doing physically?” These materials are full of things about dairy products, daily calcium requirement, etc.But nutrition and home economics are not the only areas (30) ____ companies have found a Lucrative (有利可图的）form of advertising.Section B (10%)Directions： Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Picture this： You stop in front of a digital advertising display at a mall and suddenly an ad of makeup pops up, followed by one for shoes and then one for vanilla ice cream. It seems to know you're a woman in your late 20s and, in fact, it does. When you look at the display, it scans your facial features and (31) ____ its messages to you. Once the stuff of science fiction and high-tech crime fighting, facial recognition technology has become one of the newest tools in marketing, even though (32) ____ concerns a lot. Kraft Foods Inc. and Adidas say they are planning to (33) ____ with it as early as this year to push their products.The commercial (34) ____ of facial recognition are in contrast to those being used by law enforcement to (35) ____ specific individuals. Companies，at least at this point, (36) ____ just want to discover a demographic (人口的）based on age and gender to be applied in their ads.But even this facial recognition-lite alarms privacy (37) ____，given that it could greatly popularize andexpand use of the technology.Intel Corp.，which makes such software, said it’s widely (38) ____. “You can put this technology into public phone booth, vending machines, digital signs,”said Christopher O'Malley, director of retail marketing for Intel’s embedded and communications group. “It’s going to become a much more (39) ____ thing in the next few years. ”So far, the technology is (40) ____ used in Japan, where a variety of businesses use it to make ads.III. Reading ComprehensionSection A (15%)Directions： For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A , B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.An idea that started in Seattle’s public library has spread throughout America and beyond. The concept is simple： help to build a (41) ____ of community in a city by getting everyone to read the same book al the same time.In addition to encouraging reading as a pursuit to be (42) ____ by all, the program allows strangers to communicate by discussing the book on the bus, as well as promoting reading as an experience to be shared in families and schools. The idea came from Seattle librarian Nancy Pearl who (43) ____ the “If All of Seattle Read the Same Book” project in 1998. Her original program (44) ____ author visits，study guides and book discussion groups to bring people together with a book, but the idea has since expanded to many other American cities, and (45) ____ to Hong Kong.In Chicago, the mayor appeared on television to announce the choice of To Kill a Mockingbird as the first book in the “One Book, One Chicago” (46) ____. As a result, reading clubs and neighborhood groups sprang up around the city. Across the US, stories (47) ____ of parents and children reading to each other at night and strangers chatting away on the bus about (48) ____ and character.The only problem arose in New York, where (49) ____ readers could not decide on which book to represent the huge and (50) ____ population. This may show that the idea works best in medium-sized cities or large towns, where a greater sense of unity can be achieved. Or it may show that New Yorkers rather missed the point, puttingall their energy and (51) ____ into the choice of the book (52) ____ discussion about a book itself.(53) ____，as Nancy points out, the level of success is not measured by how many people read a book, but by how many people are (54) ____ by the process, or have enjoyed speaking to someone with whom they would not (55) ____ have shared a word.41. A. sense B. feel C. appreciation D. impression42. A. discouraged B. monitored C. enjoyed D. appealed43. A- mattered B. motivated C. analyzed D. launched44. A. used B. transformed C. measured D. stimulated45. A. still B. even C. only D. very46. A. task B. program C. event D. design47. A. explained B. inferred C. emerged D. showed48. A. transmission B. argument C. scanning D. plot49. A. interested B. educated C. foreign D. local50. A. diverse B. available C. undeveloped D. colorful51. A. passion B. finance C. nervousness D. temperature52. A. other than B. rather than C. let alone D. regardless of53. A. Highly B. Subconsciously C. Ultimately D. Directly54. A. expanded B. enriched C. reserved D. persevered55. A. otherwise B. certainly C. else D. eventuallySection B (22%)Directions ： Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A , B，C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)In the animal kingdom, weakness can bring about aggression in other animals. This sometimes happens with humans also. But I have found that my weakness brings out the kindness in people. I see it every day when peoplehold doors for me, pour cream into my coffee, or help me to put on my coat. And I have discovered that it makes them happy.From my wheelchair experience, I see the best in people, but sometimes I feel sad because those who appear ind ependent miss the kindness I see daily. They don’t get to see this soft side of others. Often, we try every way possible to avoid showing our weakness, which includes a lot of pretending. But only when we stop pretending we're brave or strong do we allow p eople to show the kindness that’s in them.Last month, when I was driving home on a busy highway, I began to feel unwell and drove more slowly than usual. People behind me began to get impatient and angry, with some speeding up alongside me, horning (按喇吼）or even shouting at me. At the moment I decided to do something I had never done in twenty-four years of driving. I put on the car flashlights and drove on at a really low speed.No more angry shouts and no more horns!When I put on my flashlights, I was sa ying to other drivers, “I have a problem here. I am weak and doing the best I can.，，And everyone understood. Several times, I saw drivers who wanted to pass. They couldn’t get around me because of the stream of passing traffic. But instead of getting impatient and angry, they waited, knowing the driver in front of them was in some way weak.Sometimes situations call for us to act strong and brave even when we don’t feel that way. But those are few and far between. More often, it would be better if we don’t, pretend we feel strong when we feel weak or pretend that we are brave when we are scared.56. People will feel happy, according to the author's findings, when __________.A. they offer their help to othersB. they receive others’ helpC. they feel othe rs’ kindness to themD. they show their weakness to other people57. Why does the author feel sad sometimes?A. Because he has a soft heart, showing sympathy to others.B. Because he is disabled and relies much on others.C. Because some people pretend to be kind, but in fact they are not.D. Because some people fail to see the kindness in others.58. What did the other drivers do when they saw the flashlights?A. They sped up to pass because they didn’t want to wait.B. They stopped their cars to offer help.C. 丁hey put on their flashlights too.D. They waited with patience.59. In this passage, the author advises us to _________.A. be independent of others and handle problems by ourselvesB. accept help from others for everythingC. admit our weaknessD. show our bravery(B)In 1500, the world’s population was about 435 million. Today，it is 5. 5 billion, with more than a million children being born every day. The rapid growth in population since 1800 is largely due to improvements in food production and medical knowledge. In many parts of the world, rapid population growth causes serious problems, such as food shortages and overcrowding in cities.(注：以上表格中的数字近年来已有改动。
2020届高三英语上学期摸底考试试题
2020届高三英语上学期摸底考试试题注意事项：1.本试卷共8页，全卷满分150分，答题时间为120分钟；2.本试卷由选择题和非选择题两大部分组成。
选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂，非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色签字笔书写，涂写要工整、清晰。
第Ⅰ卷（选择题共100 分）第一部分：听力（共两节，满分 30 分）第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does John find difficult in learning German?A. Grammar.B. Vocabulary.C. Pronunciation.2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Brother and sister.B. Colleagues. C . Teacher and student.3. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a bank.B. On a train.C. At a ticket office.4. What are the speakers talking about?A. A dish. . C. A rest aurant.5. What does the woman think of her interview?A. It was tough.B. It was successful.C. It was interesting.第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独自。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
2020届上海中学高三英语模拟试题及答案解析
2020届上海中学高三英语模拟试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIt's just before l pm and hungry guests are starting to emerge out onto the wooden floor at the back of the Victoria Falls Safari Lodge in Zimbabwe. A few have already settled in for lunch, drinking beer and enjoying their sandwiches and salads in the sunshine. It's a normal setting until you look up. Overhead, the sky is filled with several hundred vultures (秃鹭).They too have arrived for their midday snack. Every day the team at this hotel places last night's leftover meat out for the vultures to eat. They call it the "Vulture Restaurant" and it's a vital part of protecting these birds, who have become some of the most endangered species in Africa.In Zimbabwe, where illegal hunting of elephants and rhinos is a major issue, poisoning poses a significant threat to the birds. "In recent years hunters have realized they can use poison to kill animals. It's effective because it's silent and therefore doesn't attract much attention.when the vultures eat the bodies of the dead animals they die too," says Roger Parry, Wildlife Manager at the Victoria Falls Wildlife Trust.The Vulture Restaurant initiative is part feeding programme, part education programme. By attracting the birds to the Vulture Restaurant every day the team can ensure they're regularly getting a safe meal, and while the birds are there they can educate tourists from all over the world about these creatures.“Lunch” is served by Moses Garira. He has the unenviable task of wandering out into the middle of the clearing with a box full of meat, dropping the contents onto the ground and running for his life as the vultures fly downward suddenly for their food. No one, surely, would volunteer for this role, but Garira rather enjoys it. Back in the safety of the viewing seats, he tells the onlookers about the importance of vultures. "They're hugely important in terms of their role of cleaning up the bodies of dead animals," says Garira. "Notably, they're safely able to digest bacteria like anthrax. Without vultures, there'd be a lot more disease in the world."1. What's the biggest threat vultures facing in Zimbabwe?A. Overhunting.B. Unsafe food.C. Loss of habitat.D. A bird disease.2. What would others think of Garira's job?A. Scary.B. Relaxing.C. Well-paid.D. Time-consuming3. What do Garira's words mean?A. Birds are human's best friends.B. People know little about vultures.C. Vultures are environmentally favorable.D. Vultures are in urgentneed of protection.BHave you ever thrown a camel? Camels are large and heavy animals so it would be hard to throw. But in the French-speaking Democratic Republic ofthe Congo, “to throw a camel” is a way of saying “to make a spelling mistake”.In the past, a phrase like that was not accepted by the French government as an official French term. But recently, the French Ministry of Culture worked on a new kind of dictionary that accepts the idea that many people outside of France speak the language. The language has changed over time and is different in places like Ivory Coast in West Africa or Quebec in Cana-da, compared to how it is in ParisA new online dictionary, called the French speakers’ dictionary, includes new French words from around the world. It was released on March 18—just in time for International French Speaker’s Day on March 20.Supporters say the new Internet dictionary is more democratic than earlier French dictionaries that only showed the way highly educated French people spoke. The new dictionary includes unofficial words like “pourriel”, which means an unwanted email if you are in Canada. It is a word based on “courriel”, which just means an email.French President Emmanuel Macron proposed the idea of the dictionary in 2018. It now contains about 600.000 terms, Roselyne Bachelot is the French Culture Minister. She said the dictionary is not just for France's 67 million citizens, but for the 300 million French speakers worldwide.The aim, supporters say, is to recognize the way language changes. Words and expressions included in the dictionary come from over 50 countries—even from the United States Some people in the southern U. S. state of Louisiana speak French.People can see the dictionary on a website or with an app. Users can also send in new words they thinkshould be included. Official dictionaries produced by the French Academy in Paris were first published hundreds of years ago and are regularly updated.4. What do we mean if we say a man “throws a camel” in French?A. He talks big.B. He is very strong.C. He makes a joke.D. He misspells a word.5. What is the purpose of the publication date of the new online dictionary?A. To celebrate an event.B. To honor foreign users.C. To draw more attention.D. To meet an urgent need.6. Where does the word “pourriel” come from?A. French.B. An email.C. A holiday.D. Canada.7. What can people do with the new dictionary?A. Update it regularly.B. Recommend new words to it.C. Change the meaning of its words.D. Regard it as an official dictionary.CEvery day, millions of shoppers hit the stores in full force, searching wildly for the perfect gift.Aside from purchasing holiday gifts, most people regularly buy presents for other occasions throughout the year, including weddings, birthdays, anniversaries, and graduations. This frequent experience of gift-giving cancause uncertain feelings in gift-givers. Many enjoy the opportunity to buy presents because gift-giving offers a powerful means to build stronger bonds, while many worry that their purchases will disappoint rather than delight the intended recipients (接受者).Anthropologists describe gift-giving as a positive social process, serving various political, religious, and psychological functions. Economists, however, offer a less favorable view. According to Waldfogel, gift-giving represents an objective wasteof resources. People buy gifts that recipients would not choose to buy on their own, or at least not spend as much money to purchase (a phenomenon referred to as‘‘the deadweight loss of Christmas”).What is surprising is that gift-givers have much experience acting as both gift-givers and gift-recipients, but nevertheless tend to overspend each time they set out to purchase a meaningful gift. In the present research, we propose a unique psychological explanation for this overspending problem — gift-givers link how much they spend with how much recipients will appreciate the gift. Though it seems natural to gift-givers, such an assumption may be unfounded. Indeed, we propose that gift-recipients will be less likely to base their feelings of appreciation onthe value of a gift than givers assume.Why do gift-givers assume that gift price is closely linked to gift-recipients’ feelings of appreciation? Perhaps givers believe that more expensive gifts communicate a stronger sense ofthoughtfulness and consideration. According to Camerer and others, gift-giving represents a symbolic ritual (习俗), by which gift-givers attempt to signal their positive attitudes towards the recipient and their willingness to invest resources in a futurerelationship. In this sense, gift-givers may be motivated to spend more money on a gift in order to send a “stronger signal”. As for gift-recipients, they may not interpret smaller and larger gifts as representing smaller and larger signals of thoughtfulness and consideration.The idea of gift-givers and gift-recipients being unable to account for the other party’s viewpoint seems confusing because people slip in and out of these roles every day. Yet, despite the experience as both givers and receivers, people often struggle to apply information gained from one role in another. In theoretical terms, people fail to use information about their own preferences and experiences to produce more efficient outcomes in their exchange relations. In practical terms, people spend hundreds of dollars each year on gifts, but somehow never learn to estimate their gift expense according to personal insight.8. The author uses “the deadweight loss of Christmas” in Paragraph 2 to express ________.A. gift-givers don’t spend much money during holidaysB. gift-givers don’t ask recipients what gifts they preferC. gift-givers buy improper and expensive giftsD. gift-givers have difficulty in choosing gifts9. According to the passage, people buy gifts to ________.A. receive gifts in returnB. enjoy the feeling of shoppingC. help recipients to save moneyD. better relationships with recipients10. What can we learn from the passage?A. People’s high living standards require expensive gifts.B. Gift-givers buy gifts based on their experiences as recipients.C. Anthropologists think gift-giving meets different human needs.D. Recipients judge the depth of friendship according to the gift price.11. Why did the author write this article?A. To criticize people’s gift-buying habits.B. To analyze people’s gift-giving behaviors.C. To offer advice on how to improve relationships.D. To remind people not to overlook others’ preferences.DWhat will people die of 100 years from now? If you think that is a simple question，you have not been paying attention to the revolution that is taking place in bio-technology（生物技术）. With the help of new medicine，the human body will last a very long time. Death will come mainly from accidents，murder and war. Today’s leading killers，such as heart disease，cancer，and aging itself，will become distant memories.In discussion of technological changes，the Internet gets most of the attention these days. But the change in medicine can be the real technological event of our times. How long can humans live? Human brains were known to decide the final death. Cells（细胞）are the basic units of all living things，and until recently，scientists were sure that the life of cells could not go much beyond 120 years because the basic materials of cells，such as those of brain cells，would not last forever. But the upper limits will be broken by new medicine. Sometime between 2050 and 2100，medicine will have advanced to the point at which every 10 years or so，people will beable to take medicine to repair their organs（器官）. The medicine，made up of the basic building materials of life，will build new brain cells，heart cells，and so on－in much the same way our bodies make new skin cells to take the place of old ones.It is exciting to imagine that the advance in technology may be changing the most basic condition of human existence，but many technical problems still must be cleared up on the way to this wonderful future.12. According to the passage，human death is now mainly caused by ________.A. diseases and agingB. accidents and warC. accidents and agingD. heart disease and war13. In the author’s opinion，today’s most important advance in technology lies in（在于）________.A. the InternetB. medicineC. brain cellsD. human organs14. Humans may live longer in the future because ________.A. heart disease will be far away from usB. human brains can decide the final deathC. the basic materials of cells will last foreverD. human organs can be repaired by new medicine15. How long can humans live in the future according to the passage?A. Over 100 years.B. More than 120 years.C. About 150 years.D. The passage doesn’t tell us.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
上海市黄浦区2020届高三上学期期末质量调研(一模)英语试卷(详解版)
黄浦区2019~2020年第一学期期末高三年级英语学科教学质量监测试卷（本试卷满分140分，考试时间120分钟）I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A.In a cosmetics shop. B.In a hospital. C.In a nutrition department. D.In a supermarket.2.A.Boss and secretary. B.Editor and publisher.C.Student and professor.D.Writer and reader.3.A.Open a wedding company. B.Try anew restaurant.C.Run his own bakery.D.Buy some insurance.4.A.The package is too big to deliver.B.The delivery can be made automatically.C.The woman will have lunch with the man.D.The man can make the delivery tomorrow morning.5.A.He was most difficult to satisfy. B.He set many special requirements.C.He inspected the project regularly.D.He was as common as other customers.6.A.An amazing book. B.A great woman.C.A scientific field.D.A strong voice.7.A.He himself is a big fan of Hepburn.B.He does not think the girl is like Hepburn.C.He felt puzzled by girls’love for Hepburn.D.He does not know anything about Hepburn.8.A.When to do mind-wandering. B.Where to have physical activities.C.How to keep attentive in a lecture.D.How to take notes in a lecture.9.A.Ordinary. B.Practical. C.Disturbing. D.Unrealistic.10.A.Decorating the company. B.Finishing a painting.C.Preparing a presentation.D.Restructuring the budget.Section BDirections:In Section B,you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation.After each passage or conversation,you will be asked several questions.The passages and the conversation will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions11through13are based on the following passage.11.A.2. B.11. C.21. D.30.12.A.A horse. B.A dog. C.A pig. D.A cat.13.A.More annoyed. B.Less anxious. C.More frightened. D.Less shocked. Questions14through16are based on the following passage.14.A.Its clear aim. B.Its evaluation process.C.Its numerous applications.D.Its solid foundation.15.A.In1954. B.In2013. C.In2018. D.In2000.16.A.Its location and area. B.The categories of its collections.C.Its official WeChat account.D.The visiting experience it offers.Questions17through20are based on the following conversation.17.A.Consumer and gender. B.Age groups and activities.C.Sports and facilities.D.Training time and trend.18.A.Cycling. B.Jogging. C.Skiing. D.Swimming.19.A.18-26. B.27-35. C.36-45. D.46-55.20.A.To determine which item deserves priority.B.To get ideas for a more appealing slogan design.C.To know about teenagers’leisure sporting activities.D.To see which age group is at the top of consumption capability.Ⅱ.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Asleep on a plane:a case for window seatsI love to sleep on planes,and I have an unusual ability to sleep well on them.There have even been one or two occasions(21)________I have fallen asleep before takeoff and awakened upon the impact of landing,not having realized we had even left the ground.So when(22) ________(book)my flights,I always choose the window seat whenever possible.This allows me to lean my sleepy head against the wall of the plane for a bit(23)________(much)comfort.Some(24)________argue that the aisle（走廊）seat is superior for the leg space and the ability to get off swiftly and eye the snack cart.But in reality,we’re all getting our drinks and snacks(25)________seconds.Also,I find that if a person knows he’s in a window seat,he’ll choose to use the bathroom before boarding so that he(26)________(not need)to disturb his neighbor,which is just considerate.And he’ll seize the opportunity to get up when another seatmate gets up so that the seatmate needn’t(27)________(bother)more than once.As a photographer and visually oriented person,the window seat gives me the best views of cottony clouds,or a great sunset,or golden sunrise,etc.Most of all,(28)________________ I’ve been flying for years,I still get pleasure of seeing my departing city or country(29)________ (shrink)into the distance,and the butterflies in my stomach when I see the horizon of my destination come into view.And those feelings of adventure and excitement are(30)________ keep me coming back,flight after flight,to my window seat.Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.accessB.ariseC.attachmentD.definitelyE.partnerF.potentialG.shapeH.stimulatedI.subconsciouslyJ.traditionalK.unbankedBeyond Mobile Money:The Future of Asia’s FinTechMobile money has been the hottest part in financial technology for the last few years.But FinTech is more than just how people store money and transact（交易）--the space is much more horizontal,short cutting how we create,share,and protect value.The latest product of FinTech companies to__31__in Asia Pacific illustrates the many ways the space can help consumers beyond just their mobile wallet.It is important for all businesspersons to be aware of these trends,as their success opens up all sorts of possibilities for companies to__32__with them.And,on a much deeper level,new FinTechs may__33__ consumer expectations in even other tech industries.The Smart-phone Emerges a Credit-Scoring StandardWith close to half a billion__34__consumers in Southeast Asia alone,there is an entire industry of FinTechs devoted to finding ways to accurately determine their credit-worthiness to give them__35__to finance.Unfortunately,since they don’t have bank accounts,such FinTechs cannot rely on__36__financial information or credit card payments.One credit scoring source emerging as a new standard in the field is smart-phone-based credit scoring.It has__37__broad global support,including from the likes of the World-Bank.In one of its reports,the Asian Development Bank even stated that mobile data was a key to financial __38__,as it could improve customer recording,and,in turn,get an access to credit.AI Combines with the Wisdom of the CrowdThe most common slogan in today’s tech headlines is the“artificial intelligence.”Readers are fascinated with how AI has the__39__to transform every consumer and enterprise（企业）industry.While such focus is appropriate that AI will__40__change the world,it leaves out a crucial element that will go hand-in-hand with its rise:the wisdom of the crowd.Ⅲ.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage,there are four words or phrases marked A,B, C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Endangered languages can be found throughout the world.Many languages now have fewer than100or even fewer than10speakers.The crisis is not limited to remote regions of the world.When Europeans first arrived in North America,312different languages were__41__,of which123are now known to be extinct.Of the__42__languages,most speakers are grandparents and great-grandparents.Different researchers offer different definitions of“endangered”.The system of__43__ used by the Catalogue of Endangered Languages evaluates languages in four areas:the__44__of all the speakers,how often the language is conveyed to the next__45__,the rate at which it is losing speakers and the__46__in which it is used.Based on this data,languages are ranked on a six-point scale from“safe”to“severely endangered.”The midpoint,“endangered”refers to language with between100and1,000speakers who represent about half of the language’s community or ethnic group.The language is spoken only by some parents,of whom very fewteach it to their children.It is__47__used at home and is not taught in schools or used for government business.Languages become endangered due to a number of__48__factors including globalization,economics,technology,education policy,and changes in__49__attitudes.As the forces of globalization make the world more interconnected,previously__50__language communities come under pressure to participate in a larger economy,which means learning the area’s majority language.__51__,local schools often begin to teach the majority language instead of the local tongue.Local languages also__52__as communities adopt mobile phones and computers most of which run on software that has been translated into only a handful of languages. This trend__53__as these devices connect users to the Internet.At this point,many communities undergo a cultural__54__in which parents no longer value the language enough to teach it to their children.Initiatives to__55__endangered languages have become more numerous in recent years. These efforts tend to focus on two main areas:the documentation of endangered languages,and efforts to increase the use of endangered languages among younger speakers and in the community at large.41.A.at hand B.at risk C.in use D.in view42.A.ancient B.evolving C.local D.surviving43.A.assessment B.classification C.description D.research44.A.age B.background C.number D.religionmittee B.century C.generation ernment46.A.content B.occupations C.situations D.themes47.A.advisedly B.efficiently C.primarily D.rarely48.A.balancing plicating C.historical D.interrelated49.A.cultural B.mental C.moral D.religious50.A.foreign rmal C.isolated D.national51.A.For example B.In contrast C.In response D.Vice versa52.A.boom B.develop C.disappear D.suffer53.A.ceases B.changes C.increases D.starts54.A.difference B.influence C.shift D.variety55.A.enrich B.purify C.refresh D.standardize Section BDirections:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)Many of China’s ancient architectural treasures smashed to dust before Lin Huiyin and Liang Sicheng began documenting them in the1930s.The husband and wife team were among the first preservationists to operate in China,and by far the best known.Their efforts have since inspired generations of people to speak out for architecture threatened by the rush toward development.Becoming China’s best architectural historians was no easy accomplishment.The buildings they wanted to save were centuries old located in distant parts of the country.In manycases,they had to journey through dangerous conditions in the Chinese countryside to reach them. Exploring China’s remote areas during the1930s meant traveling muddy,poorly maintained roads by mule（骡子）or on foot.Inns were often dirty food could be polluted,and there was always risk or violence from rebels,soldiers and robbers.Their greatest discovery was the Temple of Buddha’s Light,in Wutai County,Shanxi Province.The breathtaking wooden temple was built in857A.D.,making it the oldest building known in China at the time.Liang and Lin crawled into the temple’s most forbidding,forgotten areas to determine its age,including one hideaway inhibited by thousands or bats and millions of bedbugs,covered in dust and littered with dead bats.“In complete darkness and among the awful smell,hardly breathing,with thick masks covering our noses and mouths,we measured,drew,and photographed with flashlights for several hours.When at last we came out to take a breath of fresh air,we found hundreds of bedbugs in our bag.We ourselves had been badly bitten.Yet the importance and unexpectedness of our find made those the happiest hours of my years hunting for ancient architecture.”Liang wrote of the experience in an account included in“Liang and Lin; Partners in Exploring China’s Architectual Past.”56.On their way to the ancient buildings in1930s,Liang and Lin faced following risks EXCEPT ________.A.accommodationsB.personal securityC.road conditionsD.vehicles57.Liang and Lin raised public awareness of________.A.documenting smashed historical buildingsB.rebuilding historically valuable buildingsC.saving the oldest temples in ChinaD.Protecting historical buildings.58.While exploring the Temple of Buddha’s Light,________A.Liang and Lin caught insects with awful smell.B.Liang and Lin were forbidden to breathe insideC.Liang and Lin were pleased at something unhoped forD.Liang and Lin determined its age by studying bedbug’s hideaway59.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A.Creativeness results in discoveryB.Difficulty produces achievementC.Efforts contribute to happinessD.Responsibilities make development(B)HP ENVY Photo7155All-in-One PrinterSpecial offers:Free shipping!Print,Scan,Copy,Web,PhotoPrint speed ISO:Up to14ppm black,up to9ppm colorGo from memory card to photo printout with easeInstant Ink ready;High yield ink available----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------$179.99$99.99Add to cart Ships within I business dayProduct#K7G93A#B1HFor expert advice,price matching,or help with orders,call1-866-625-6132.Protect your Device●1-Year Standard Warranty Includedwith an HP Care Pack○2Year Next Day Exchange ENVY5055,6255,7155$18.00HP Recommends○3Year Next Day Exchange ENVY5055,6255,7155$25.00----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Features Specs Ink&Paper Support Special offers Reviews Get true-to-life photos and increased adaptability.Produce true colors,and set up, connect,and print right from your mobile device.Go from memory card to photo printout with ease.HP Photo and Document All-in-One Printers are designed for families and other home users who want a device capable of printing everything from documents,emails and web pages to rich,bright lab-quality photos-with copy and scan tools too.Active security enabled printer.Intended to be used with containers using only HP original electronic electrical system.Containers with modified or non-HP electronic circuitry may not work,and those that work today may not work in the future.Twice as many photosPrint up to twice as many pages with Original HP high-yield ink containers.HP64ink containers deliver true colors so all your prints will shine.Create splendid borderless photos and leaflets--right in your home.The Power of your printer in your handPrinting photos just got easier-from social media,the cloud,and your camera-roll gallery.Amazing scanning,now on your smart-phone.Scan and share to email or the cloud-from virtually anywhere.Ordering ink has never been easier-directly through the app.Easily print photos and everyday documents directly from your smart-phone or tablet.A new level of wireless connectivity you can count onGet simple Wi-Fi setup in minutes,and start printing fast.Return&exchange information will accept returns or exchanges for this product up to30days after delivery.A restocking fee may apply.60.Which statement is true of this type of printer?A.It is a portable printer designed for home and office use.B.It is a multi-function printer producing high-quality photos.C.It is an easy-operation printer with a two-year free care pack.D.It is a wireless-connected printer protected by modified containers.61.Which of the following words best describe its“ink container”?A.AdaptableB.Automatic.C.Cost-effective.D.Eco-friendly.62.If you order this type of printer online today,__________.A.you will receive it tomorrowB.you can return it without being chargedC.you can get a care pack on discountD.you can save$80.(C)①Risk is something we face daily.However,some people are obviously more willing to take risks than others.②Biologists appear to have discovered a physical reason that explains why some people are risk-takers.Dopamine is a neurotransmitter,a chemical that spreads signals between nerve cells.It is linked to the brains reward system and is the chemical that makes us feel good,and scientists believe it to be inked to risk-taking.Our nerve cells have dopamine receptors（接收器）which control the amount of dopamine that each cell receives.But not all receptors may be active. When a person had few active receptors to control the amount of dopamine that is received,a cell can become flooded resulting in an extreme feeling of happiness.③researchers at Vanderbilt University and Albert Einstein College of Medicine asked34 men and women to complete a questionnaire about their risk taking to assess whether they seek new opportunities or are cautious in life.The results of the research were consistent with similar studies carried out with rats,and had the same outcome.It concluded that people who are risk-takers have fewer dopamine receptors than people who are not.This suggests that the rush of pleasure a risk taker receives when a cell becomes flooded with dopamine can become addictive for some people.They therefore pursue new and exciting activities in order to try to repeat this feeling,and as a result their concern for risk becomes considerable reduced.④Dopamine gives us a biological reason for risk-taking,but scientists believe there may be psychological reasons too.Sensation-seeking is a personality characteristic that describes the desire to find activities that bring us pleasure.In1964,psychologist Marvin Zuckerman created the sensation-seeking scale.His40-item questionnaire,still used today,was given to people who were active in seeking new activities,and to people who were more satisfied with a quiet life. While risk-taking is not a characteristic in itself,it is very much associated with sensation-seeking,as a high sensation-seeker does not evaluate risk in the same way that a low sensation-seeker does.a desire to achieve pleasure means that there is a greater willingness to take more risks.⑤There are both biological and psychological explanations as to why some people may choose to take more risks than others.However,none of these explanations are definitive.63.If a person has fewer active dopamine receptors.________.A.he is less likely to feel happyB.he is more willing to take risksC.he will eventually become dopamine-addictiveD.he is poorer at controlling the amount of dopamine64.The underlined phrase“consistent with”is closest to“________”in meaning.A.contrary toB.in agreement withC.at the cost ofD.persistent in65.What can be concluded from paragraph4?A.The longing for pleasure may lead to risk taking.B.A willingness to take more risks can be cultivated.C.The sensation-seeking scale can help to evaluate risk.D.High sensation-seekers are more common than low ones.66.This passage mainly talks about________.A.when we learn to take risksB.how risk-taking benefits usC.what makes risk-takersD.why we should take risksSection CDirections:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.Many options require city-level investment in new facilities.B.However,it is not yet clear which technologies and fuels cities will back.C.Through their actions,city governments today are helping to shape the cities of the future.D.For example,London is requiring all newly licensed taxis to be zero-emission capable from 2018.E.City planners are using transport-oriented development to increase density while maintaining quality of life and property value.F.Some cities,such as Delhi,are investing heavily in creating the mass transport systems needed to change how citizens travel.Sustainable Transport in CitiesTransport has always shaped cities.In Medieval times crossroads gave birth to blooming market towns.Many North American cities were created for the car.But how are the cities of today being shaped by a need for more sustainable transport?Many local governments are speeding up change through policy initiatives such as joined transport,congestion charges and low emission zones,sustainable gaining and life-cycle costing, and opening data up to companies and academics.And these city level policies can move markets in more sustainable directions.___67___This has resulted in five vehicle manufacturers committing to meeting that deadline,which is both in their own commercial interests and good for the environment.The least dense cities,for example,Houston,have per capita（人均价）carbon emissions nearly ten times higher than the densest,such as Singapore.___68___This involves gathering mixed use developments around a key transport center,as with the KL Central area in Kuala Lumpur,built around the largest railway station in Southeast Asia.___69___Others are using motivations and behavioural change to encourage people to choose more efficient--and often healthier--forms of transport.Copenhagen has a number of progressive cycling policies including the Green Wave,which allows people cycling at20km/h to hit all green lights during rush hour.Light weighing and new engine and fuel technologies are helping to make existing road and rail vehicles more efficient.___70___The main options are hydrogen fuel cells,fossil fuel hybrids,and electric vehicles,and the best solution may well vary from city to city.Ⅳ.Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more e your own words as far as possible.Online“friends”--a threat to developmentThe impact of technology on the nature of our friendships has been a much-debated topic since the dramatic rise of social networks.Advances in mobile technology and social networking websites mean we spend more time online than ever before.It is therefore not surprising that so many psychologists,sociologists,and others are eager to give their thoughts on how this is impacting negatively on our society.There is one element of social networking that is deeply worrying.We find ourselves in ahyper-connected world where people access social media day and night,excited to make announcements about the tiniest details of their lives.Research is starting to show that this culture is negatively affecting not our friendships but our character.Professor Larry D.Rosen says that young people who overuse social networking sites can become ineffective,and display anti-social behavior in their offline lives.But perhaps an even more disturbing effect is that one of our most basic emotions seems to be disappearing--empathy.This is the emotion that allows us to see the world from our friends’points of view.Without it,we are far less able to connect and form meaningful adult relationships.Professor Sherry Turkle suggests that people are no longer comfortable being alone.This is something confirmed by a study where200university students were asked to go without social media for24hours.Many admitted an addiction to their online social network;most complained that they felt cut off from family and friends.And yet being alone is a time when we self-reflect and get in touch with who we really are.It is only when we do this that we can make meaningful friendships with others.These potential changes in our characters are rather alarming,so it is clear that we can’t neglect those negative impacts of social networks.第Ⅱ卷Ⅴ.TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.72.这些安全措施仍将继续实施至下月初。
上海黄浦区高三上学期期末调研测试英语试题含解析
2020年上海市黄浦区高考英语一模试卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections：In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation，a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers onyour paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．（1分）A．In a cosmetics shop．B．In a hospital．C．In a nutrition department．D．In a supermarket．2．（1分）A．Boss and secretary．B．Editor and publisher．C．Student and professor．D．Writer and reader．3．（1分）A．Open a wedding company．B．Try a new restaurant．C．Run his own bakery．D．Buy some insurance．4．（1分）A．The package is too big to deliver．B．The delivery can be made automatically．C．The woman will have lunch with the man．D．The man can make the delivery tomorrow morning．5．（1分）A．He was most difficult to satisfy．B．He set many special requirements．C．He inspected the project regularly．D．He was as common as other customers．6．（1分）A．An amazing book．B．A great woman．C．A scientific field．D．A strong voice．7．（1分）A．He himself is a big fan of Hepburn．B．He does not think the girl is like Hepburn．C．He felt puzzled by girls' love for Hepburn．D．He does not know anything about Hepburn．8．（1分）A．When to do mind﹣wandering．B．Where to have physical activities．C．How to keep attentive in a lecture．D．How to take notes in a lecture．9．（1分）A．Ordinary．B．Practical．C．Disturbing．D．Unrealistic．10．（1分）A．Decorating the company．B．Finishing a painting．C．Preparing a presentation．D．Restructuring the budget．Section BDirections：In Section B，you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation，you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice，but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question，read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.11．（4.5分）（1）A．2．B．11．C．21．D．30．（2）A． A horse．B．A dog．C．A pig．D．A cat．（3）A．More annoyed．B．Less anxious．C．More frightened．D．Less shocked．12．（4.5分）（1）A．Its clear aim．B．Its evaluation process．C．Its numerous applications．D．Its solid foundation．（2）A．In 1954．B．In 2013．C．In 2018．D．In 2000．（3）A．Its location and area．B．The categories of its collections．C．Its official WeChat account．D．The visiting experience it offers．13．（6分）（1）A．Consumer and gender．B．Age groups and activities．C．Sports and facilities．D．Training time and trend．（2）A．Cycling．B．Jogging．C．Skiing．D．Swimming．（3）A．18﹣26．B．27﹣35．C．36﹣45．D．46﹣55．（4）A．To determine which item deserves priority．B．To get ideas for a more appealing slogan design．C．To know about teenagers' leisure sporting activities．D．To see which age group is at the top of consumption capability．II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word，fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word；for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank.14．（10分）Asleep on a plane：a case for window seatsI love to sleep on planes，and I have an unusual ability to sleep well on them．Therehave even been one or two occasions （1）I have fallen asleep before takeoff and awakened upon the impact of landing，not having realized we had even left the ground．So when （2）（book）my flights，I always choose the window seat whenever possible．This allows me to lean my sleepy head against the wall of the plane for a bit （3）（much）comfort．Some （4）argue that the aisle （走廊）seat is superior for the leg space and the ability to getoff swiftly and eye the snack cart．But in reality，we're all getting our drinks and snacks （5）seconds．Also，I find that if a person knows he's in a window seat，he'll choose to use the bathroom before boarding so that he （6）（not need）to disturb his neighbor，which is just considerate．And he'll seize the opportunity to get up when another seatmate gets up so that the seatmate needn't （7）（bother）more than once．As a photographer and visually oriented person，the window seat gives me the best views of cottony clouds，or a great sunset，or golden sunrise，etc．Most of all，（8）I've been flying for years，I still get pleasure of seeing my departing city or country （9）（shrink）into the distance，and the butterflies in my stomach when I see the horizon of my destination come into view．And those feelings of adventure and excitement are （10）keep me coming back，flight after flight，to my window seat．Section BDirections：Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.15．（10分）Beyond Mobile Money：The Future of Asia's FinTechMobile money has been the hottest part in financial technology for the last few years．But FinTech is more than just how people store money and transact（交易）﹣the space is much more horizontal，shortcutting how we create，share，and protect value．The latest product of FinTech companies to （1）in Asia Pacific illustrates the many ways the space can help consumers beyond just their mobile wallet．It is important for all businesspersons to be aware of these trends，as their success opens up all sorts of possibilities for companies to （2）with them．And，on a much deeper level，new FinTechs may （3）consumer expectations in even other tech industries．The Smartphone Emerges as a Credit﹣Scoring StandardWith close to half a billion （4）consumers in Southeast Asia alone，there is an entire industry of FinTechs devoted to finding ways to accurately determine their credit﹣worthiness to give them （5）to finance．Unfortunately，since they don't have bank accounts，such FinTechs cannot rely on （6）financial information or credit card payments．One credit scoring source emerging as a new standard in the field is smartphone﹣based credit scoring．It has （7）broad global support，including from the likes of the World Bank．In one of its reports，the Asian Development Bank even stated that mobile data was a key to financial （8），as it could improve customer recording，and，in turn，get an access to credit．AI Combines with the Wisdom of the CrowdThe most common slogan in today's tech headlines is the "artificial intelligence"．Readers are fascinated with how AI has the （9）to transform every consumer and enterprise （企业）industry．While such focus is appropriate that AI will （10）change the world，it leaves out a crucial element that will go hand﹣in﹣hand with its rise：the wisdom of the crowd．III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections：For each blank in the following passag，there are four words or phrases marked A，B，C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.16．（15分）Endangered languages can be found throughout the world．Many languages now have fewer than 100 or even fewer than 10 speakers．The crisis is not limited to remote regions of the world．When Europeans first arrived in North America，312 different languages were （1），of which 123 are now known to be extinct．Of the （2）languages，most speakers are grandparents and great﹣grandparents．Different researchers offer different definitions of "endangered"．The system of （3）used by the Catalogue of Endangered Languages evaluates languages in four areas：the （4）of all the speakers，how often the language is conveyed to the next （5），the rate at which it is losing speakers and the（6）in which it is used．Based on this data，languages are ranked on a six﹣point scale from "safe" to "severely endangered．" The midpoint，"endangered" refers to a language with between 100 and 1，000 speakers who represent about half of the language's community or ethnic group．The language is spoken only by some parents，of whom very few teach it to their children．It is （7）used at home and is not taught in schools or used for government business．Languages become endangered due to a number of （8）factors including globalization，economics，technology，education policy，and changes in （9）attitudes．As the forces of globalization make the world more interconnected，previously （10）language communities come under pressure to participate in a larger economy，which means learning the area's majority language．（11），local schools often begin to teach the majority language instead of the local tongue．Local languages also （12）as communities adopt mobile phones and computers，most of which run on software that has been translated into only a handful of languages．This trend （13）as these devices connect users to the Internet．At this point，many communities undergo a cultural （14）in which parents no longer value the language enough to teach it to their children．Initiatives to （15）endangered languages have become more numerous in recent years．These efforts tend to focus on two main areas：the documentation of endangered languages，and efforts to increase the use of endangered languages among younger speakers and in the community at large．（1）A．at hand B．at risk C．in use D．in view （2）A．ancient B．evolving C．local D．surviving （3）A．assessment B．classification C．description D．research （4）A．age B．background C．number D．religion （5）A．committee B．century C．generation D．government （6）A．content B．occupations C．situations D．themes （7）A．advisedly B．efficiently C．primarily D．rarely （8）A．balancing B．complicating C．historical D．interrelated （9）A．cultural B．mental C．moral D．religious （10）A．foreign B．informal C．isolated D．national （11）A．For example B．In contrast C．In response D．Vice versa （12）A．boom B．develop C．disappear D．suffer（13）A．ceases B．changes C．increases D．starts（14）A．difference B．influence C．shift D．variety （15）A．enrich B．purify C．refresh D．standardize Section BDirections：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A，B，C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.17．（8分）Many of China's ancient architectural treasures smashed to dust before Lin Huiyin and Liang Sicheng began documenting them in the 1930s．The husband and wife team were among the first preservationists to operate in China，and by far the best known．Their efforts have since inspired generations of people to speak out for architecture threatened by the rush toward development．Becoming China's best architectural historians was no easy accomplishment．The buildings they wanted to save were centuries old，located in distant parts of the country．In many cases，they had to journey through dangerous conditions in the Chinese countryside to reach them．Exploring China's remote areas during the 1930s meant traveling muddy，poorlymaintained roads by mule（骡子）or on foot．Inns were often dirty，food could be polluted，and there was always risk of violence from rebels，soldiers and robbers．Their greatest discovery was the Temple of Buddha's Light，in Wutai County，Shanxi Province．Thebreathtaking wooden temple was built in 857 A．D．，making it the oldest building known in China at the time．Liang and Lin crawled into the temple's most forbidding，forgotten areas to determine its age，including one hideaway inhabited by thousands of bats and millions of bedbugs，covered in dust and littered with dead bats．"In complete darkness and among the awful smell，hardly breathing，with thick masks covering our noses and mouths，we measured，drew，and photographed with flashlights for several hours．When at last we came out to take a breath of fresh air，we found hundreds of bedbugs in our bag．We ourselves had been badly bitten．Yet the importance and unexpectedness of our find made those the happiest hours of my years hunting for ancient architecture．" Liang wrote of the experience in an account included in "Liang and Lin：Partners in Exploring China's Architectural Past．"（1）On their way to the ancient buildings in 1930s，Liang and Lin faced following risks EXCEPT．A．accommodationsB．personal securityC．road conditionsD．vehicles（2）Liang and Lin raised public awareness of．A．documenting smashed historical buildingsB．rebuilding historically valuable buildingsC．saving the oldest temples in ChinaD．protecting historical buildings（3）While exploring the Temple of Buddha's Light，．A．Liang and Lin caught insects with awful smellB．Liang and Lin were forbidden to breathe insideC．Liang and Lin were pleased at something unhoped forD．Liang and Lin determined its age by studying bedbugs' hideaway（4）Which of the following is the best title for the passage？A．Creativeness results in discoveryB．Difficulty produces achievementC．Efforts contribute to happinessD．Responsibilities make development18．（6分）Get true﹣to﹣life photos and increased adaptability．Produce true colors，and set up，connect，and print right from your mobile device．Go from memory card to photo printout with ease．HP Photo and Document All﹣in﹣One Printers are 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directly from your smartphone or tablet．A new level of wireless connectivity you can count onGet simple Wi﹣Fi® setup in minutes，and start printing fast．Return & exchange informationHP．com will accept returns or exchanges for this product up to 30 days after delivery．A restocking fee may apply．（1）Which statement is true of this type of printer？A．It is a portable printer designed for home and office use．B．It is a multi﹣function printer producing high﹣quality photos．C．It is an easy﹣operation printer with a two﹣year free care pack．D．It is a wireless﹣connected printer protected by modified containers．（2）Which of the following words best describe its "ink container"？A．Adaptable．B．Automatic．C．Cost﹣effective．D．Eco﹣friendly．（3）If you order this type of printer online today，．A．you will receive it tomorrowB．you can return it without being chargedC．you can get a care pack on discountD．you can save﹩8019．（8分）①Risk is something we face daily．However，some people are obviously more willing to take risks than others．②Biologists appear to have discovered a physical reason that explains why some people arerisk﹣takers．Dopamine is a neurotransmitter，a chemical that spreads signals between nerve cells．It is linked to the brains reward system and is the chemical that makes us feel good，and scientists believe it to be linked to risk﹣taking．Our nerve cells have dopamine receptors（接收器）which control the amount of dopamine that each cell receives．But not all receptors may be active．When a person has few active receptors to control the amount of dopamine that is received，a cell can become flooded resulting in an extreme feeling of happiness．③Researchers at Vanderbilt University and Albert Einstein College of Medicine asked 34 menand women to complete a questionnaire about their risk taking to assess whether they seek new opportunities or are cautious in life．The results of the research were consistent with similar studies carried out with rats，and had the same outcome．It concluded that people who are risk﹣takers have fewer dopamine receptors than people who are not．This suggests that the rush of pleasure a risk taker receives when a cell becomes flooded with dopamine can become addictive for some people．They therefore pursue new and exciting activities in order to try to repeat this feeling，and as a result their concern for risk becomes considerably reduced．④Dopamine gives us a biological reason for risk﹣taking，but scientists believe there may bepsychological reasons too．Sensation﹣seeking is a personality characteristic that describes the desire to find activities that bring us pleasure．In 1964，psychologist Marvin Zuckerman created the sensation﹣seeking scale．His 40﹣item questionnaire，still used today，was given to people who were active in seeking new activities，and to people who were more satisfied with a quiet life．While risk﹣taking is not a characteristic in itself，it is very much associated with sensation﹣seeking，as a high sensation﹣seeker does not evaluate risk in the same way that a low sensation﹣seeker does．A desire to achieve pleasure means that there isa greater willingness to take more risks．⑤There are both biological and psychological explanations as to why some people maychoose to takemore risks than others．However，none of these explanations are definitive．（1）If a person has fewer active dopamine receptors，．A．he is less likely to feel happyB．he is more willing to take risksC．he will eventually become dopamine﹣addictiveD．he is poorer at controlling the amount of dopamine（2）The underlined phrase "consistent with" is closest to "" in meaning．A．contrary toB．in agreement withC．at the cost ofD．persistent in（3）What can be concluded from paragraph 4？A．The longing for pleasure may lead to risk taking．B．A willingness to take more risks can be cultivated．C．The sensation﹣seeking scale can help to evaluate risk．D．High sensation﹣seekers are more common than low ones．（4）This passage mainly talks about．A．when we learn to take risksB．how risk﹣taking benefits usC．what makes risk﹣takersD．why we should take risksSection CDirections：Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.20．（8分）Sustainable Transport in CitiesTransport has always shaped cities．In Medieval times crossroads gave birth to blooming market towns．Many North American cities were created for the car．But how are the cities of today being shaped by a need for more sustainable transport？Many local governments are speeding up change through policy initiatives such as joined transport，congestion charges and low emission zones，sustainable gaining and lifecycle costing，and opening data up to companies and academics．And these city level policies can move markets in more sustainable directions．（1）This has resulted in five vehicle manufacturers committing to meeting that deadline，which is both in their own commercial interests and good for the environment．The least dense cities，for example，Houston，have per capita（人均的）carbon emissions nearly ten times higher than the densest，such as Singapore．（2）This involves gathering mixed use developments around a key transport center，as with the KL Central area in Kuala Lumpur，built around the largest railway station in Southeast Asia．（3）Others are using motivations and behavioural change to encourage people to choose more efficient﹣and often healthier﹣forms of transport．Copenhagen has a number of progressive cycling policies including the Green Wave，which allows people cycling at 20km/h to hit all green lights during rush hour．Light weighting and new engine and fuel technologies are helping to make existing roadand rail vehicles more efficient．（4）The main options are hydrogen fuel cells，fossil fuel hybrids，and electric vehicles，and the best solution may well vary from city to city．IV. Summary Writing21．（15分）Directions：Read the following passage．Summarize the main idea and the main point（s）of the passage in no more than 60 words．Use your own words as far as possible．Online "friends" ﹣a threat to developmentThe impact of technology on the nature of our friendships has been a much﹣debated topic since the dramatic rise of social networks．Advances in mobile technology and social networking websites mean we spend more time online than ever before．It is therefore not surprising that so many psychologists，sociologists，and others are eager to give their thoughts on how this is impacting negatively on our society．There is one element of social networking that is deeply worrying．We find ourselves in a hyper﹣connected world where people access social media day and night，excited to make announcements about the tiniest details of their lives．Research is starting to show that this culture is negatively affecting not our friendships but our character．Professor Larry D．Rosen says that young people who overuse social networking sites can become ineffective，aggressive，and display anti﹣social behavior in their offline lives．But perhaps an even more disturbing effect is that one of our most basic emotions seems to be disappearing ﹣empathy．This is the emotion that allows us to see the world from our friends' points of view．Without it，we are far less able to connect and form meaningful adult relationships．Professor Sherry Turkle suggests that people are no longer comfortable being alone．This is something confirmed by a study where 200 university students were asked to go without social media for 24 hours．Many admitted an addiction to their online social network；most complained that they felt cut off from family and friends．And yet being alone is a time when we self﹣reflect and get in touch with who we really are．It is only when we do this that we can make meaningful friendships with others．These potential changes in our characters are rather alarming，so it is clear that we can't neglect thosenegative impacts of social networks．V. TranslationDirections：Translate the following sentences into English，using the words given in the brackets.22．（2.5分）这些安全措施仍将继续实施至下月初．（remain）23．（2.5分）完善自我是一个抽象的理想，无法激励一些学生真正对抗惰性．（incapable）24．（2.5分）由于缺乏受过专业训练的教师，一些美国学校很难加入汉语教学的竞争．（shortage）25．（2.5分）如今，病人能很便捷地下载他们的医疗记录以获取诸如检测结果之类的信息，大大节省了时间和人力．（so…that）VI. Guided Writing26．（25分）Directions：Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to the instructions given below inChinese．假设你是李明，你校正在进行高三年级的课程微调，准备将周三下午的第四节课设置为"艺术欣赏类课程（art appreciation）"或者"学科拓展类课程（subject expansion）"，现广泛征求高三同学的意见．请发一封邮件至校长信箱（邮件中请不要出现真实的校名和姓名），你的邮件内容需包括：（1）你建议校方设置以上两类课程中的哪一类；（2）你的理由；（3）你希望此类课程包含哪些内容．2020年上海市黄浦区高考英语一模试卷参考答案与试题解析I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections：In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation，a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers onyour paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．（1分）A．In a cosmetics shop．B．In a hospital．C．In a nutrition department．D．In a supermarket．【分析】略【解答】D【点评】略2．（1分）A．Boss and secretary．B．Editor and publisher．C．Student and professor．D．Writer and reader．【分析】略【解答】C【点评】略3．（1分）A．Open a wedding company．B．Try a new restaurant．C．Run his own bakery．D．Buy some insurance．【分析】略【解答】C【点评】略4．（1分）A．The package is too big to deliver．B．The delivery can be made automatically．C．The woman will have lunch with the man．D．The man can make the delivery tomorrow morning．【分析】略【解答】D【点评】略5．（1分）A．He was most difficult to satisfy．B．He set many special requirements．C．He inspected the project regularly．D．He was as common as other customers．【分析】略【解答】A【点评】略6．（1分）A．An amazing book．B．A great woman．C．A scientific field．D．A strong voice．【分析】略【解答】B【点评】略7．（1分）A．He himself is a big fan of Hepburn．B．He does not think the girl is like Hepburn．C．He felt puzzled by girls' love for Hepburn．D．He does not know anything about Hepburn．【分析】略【解答】C【点评】略8．（1分）A．When to do mind﹣wandering．B．Where to have physical activities．C．How to keep attentive in a lecture．D．How to take notes in a lecture．【分析】略【解答】C【点评】略9．（1分）A．Ordinary．B．Practical．C．Disturbing．D．Unrealistic．【分析】略【解答】D【点评】略10．（1分）A．Decorating the company．B．Finishing a painting．C．Preparing a presentation．D．Restructuring the budget．【分析】略【解答】C【点评】略Section BDirections：In Section B，you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation，you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice，but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question，read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.11．（4.5分）（1）A．2．B．11．C．21．D．30．（2）A． A horse．B．A dog．D．A cat．（3）A．More annoyed．B．Less anxious．C．More frightened．D．Less shocked．【分析】略【解答】11﹣13ACB【点评】略12．（4.5分）（1）A．Its clear aim．B．Its evaluation process．C．Its numerous applications．D．Its solid foundation．（2）A．In 1954．B．In 2013．C．In 2018．D．In 2000．（3）A．Its location and area．B．The categories of its collections．C．Its official WeChat account．D．The visiting experience it offers．【分析】略【解答】14﹣16BCB【点评】略13．（6分）（1）A．Consumer and gender．B．Age groups and activities．C．Sports and facilities．D．Training time and trend．（2）A．Cycling．B．Jogging．D．Swimming．（3）A．18﹣26．B．27﹣35．C．36﹣45．D．46﹣55．（4）A．To determine which item deserves priority．B．To get ideas for a more appealing slogan design．C．To know about teenagers' leisure sporting activities．D．To see which age group is at the top of consumption capability．【分析】略【解答】17﹣20BBDA【点评】略II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word，fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word；for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank.14．（10分）Asleep on a plane：a case for window seatsI love to sleep on planes，and I have an unusual ability to sleep well on them．Therehave even been one or two occasions （1）when I have fallen asleep before takeoff and awakened upon the impact of landing，not having realized we had even left the ground．So when （2）booking（book）my flights，I always choose the window seat whenever possible．This allows me to lean my sleepy head against the wall of the plane for a bit （3）more（much）comfort．Some （4）may argue that the aisle （走廊）seat is superior for the leg space and the ability to getoff swiftly and eye the snack cart．But in reality，we're all getting our drinks and snacks （5）within / in seconds．Also，I find that if a person knows he's in a window seat，he'll choose to use the bathroom before boarding so that he （6）won't need（not need）to。
2020届上海市沪新中学高三英语模拟试卷及参考答案
2020届上海市沪新中学高三英语模拟试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWhen the weather is bad or when the flu breaks out, we can let the kids do some fun things at home, which can be beneficial to kids.Reading out loudIf your children are young enough, don't forget to read books to them out loud! Few children dislikehaving a good book read to them, and it's great for the development of their brains. However, if your children are a bit older and have moved onto more advanced books, there is always the choice of listening to an audiobook. This can also be done while they're doing something else.Playing board gamesMaybe your children's table is full of board games, which have been forgotten for a long time. It's a good time to bring them out when playing outside is no longer a choice. Surely, playing board games is a great way to connect with children. In addition, many board games are designed to get children thinking!Having a dance partyConsidering that all you need is a speaker or maybe just a phone, you can have a dance party wherever you are! This is a great way to get kids’ bodies moving when they are inside. Play some of your children's favorite music and let them dance to it. Not only is it good exercise, but it will help your children feel time is flying!Doing jigsaw (拼图) puzzlesFor most people that have children, it's common to have at least one jigsaw puzzle at home. Jigsaw puzzles are great because everyone can do them on their own time. Besides, your whole family will have a sense of achievement when everyone is smiling over the finished product.1. What do reading out loud and playing board games have in common?A. They both develop children's team spirit.B. They both improve children's listening ability.C. They both do good to children's thinking ability.D. They both focus on interaction between children.2. Which of the following combines exercise and music?A. Reading out loud.B. Playing board games.C. Doing jigsaw puzzles.D. Having a dance party.3. What is the purpose of the text?A. To list four interesting children's parties.B. To recommend four children's favorite books.C. To introduce some activities for children inside.D. To show some funny things for children outside.BIn 2002, young Elon Musk tried unsuccessfully to buy Russian rockets to help him send mice to Mars and back. Afterwards, the youngmillionaire decided to build his own rockets.Musk went to Southern California and started hiring people to help bring his dream to life. In a very short time, and despite some failures, his company SpaceX launched Falcon 1, the first successful privately-built liquid fuel rocket, into Earth's orbit in 2008.As the first Falcon rocket began testing, development was already underway for the Falcon 9. This much larger rocket, which uses nine engines to lift heavy payloads（有效载荷）into orbit, is engineered to return to Earth, ready to be reused for another flight.For Musk, space is the final destination. To help people get there, his company Neuralink is developing devices that will link people's brains with computers. A similar device has been developed at the University of Utah. It consists of a chip（芯片）with 256 threads（线程）that is placed between a person's skin and brain. The threads attach directly to brain tissue（脑组织）.Patients who have the device are able to use only their minds to communicate with one another through computers.Neuralink's chips will have about 1,000 threads. A robot developed by the company will place up to ten chips under a person's skin. The chips will communicate without wires but with a tiny device that will be worn behind the person's ear. That device, in turn, will communicate with computers. The primary market for the technology will be for people that, because of injuries or birth defects, cannot control their hands and arms. With Neuralink^ product, they'll be able to mentally command a computer to type messages for them or carry out other tasks.4. According to this article, what was the first Falcon 1 able to do?A. Launch big satellites.B. Reach distant moons.C. Move around our planet.D. Study the universe.5. What does the article explain about Neuralink's chips?A. How they'll be set up.B. What safety features they'll have.C. How much money they'll earn.D. Where they'll be produced.6. According to this article, who is Neuralink going to market its product to first?A. Those who own great wealth.B. Those who are physically disabled.C. Those who travel internationally.D. Those who do research on plants.7. In which publication is this article most likely to appear?A. The Journal of Environmental Studies.B. Advances in Business and Technology.C. Digest of Fashion and Entertainment News,D. Consumer's Guide to Outdoor Recreation.CWe use what is known as inner speech, where we talk to ourselves, to evaluate situations and make decisions. Now, a robot has been trained to speak aloud its inner decision-making process, giving us a view of how it responds to contradictory demands.Arianna Pipitone and Antonio Chella at the University of Palermo, Italy, programmed a humanoid robot named Pepper, with software that models human cognitive(认知的)processes, which allowed Pepper to retrieve (检索)relevant information from its memory and find the correct way to act based on human commands, as well as a text — to — speech processor. It allowed Pepper to voice its decision-making process while completing a task, "With inner speech, we can better understand what the robot wants to do and what its plan is," says Chella.The researchers asked Pepper to set a dinner table according to etiquette (礼仪)rules they had programmed into the robot. Inner speech was either enabled or disabled to see how it affected Pepper's ability to do what was instructed.When instructed to place a napkin on a fork with its inner speech enabled, Pepper asked itself what the etiquette required and concluded that this request went against the rules it had been given. It then asked the researchers if putting the napkin on the fork was the correct action. When told it was, Pepper said, "OK, I prefer to follow your desire," and explained how it was going to place the napkin on the fork.When asked to do the same task with inner speech disabled, Pepper knew this contradicted etiquette rules, so it didn't perform the task or explain why.With the potential for robots to become more common in the future, this type of programming could help the public understand their abilities and limitations, says Sarah Sebo at theUniversityofChicago. "It maintains people's trust and enables cooperation and interactions between humans and robots," she says. However, this experiment only used a single human participant, says Sebo. "It's unclear how their approach would compare across a wide range of human participants," she says.8. Why does the author mention how people make decisions in the first paragraph?A. To introduce the topic.B. To make comparisons.C. To provide an example.D. To support his argument.9. How did Pepper react to the contradictory instruction with its inner speech enabled?A. It failed to complete the task.B. It followed the etiquette rules.C. It made a random decision.D. It communicated with the researchers.10. What did Sarah Sebo think of the research?A. It was creative but worthless.B. It was a good try but the result was a failure.C. It was inspiring but needed further evidence.D. It was carefully designed but poorly performed.11. Which of the following is the best title for the text?A. Robot Taught To Be PoliteB. Robot Can Explain Its DecisionC. Robot Making Decisions: No Longer A DreamD. Robot-Human Communication: No Longer A ProblemDThe founder of Earth Day was Gaylord Nelson, a U.S. Senator fromWisconsin. During the late 1960s, Americans witnessed the uninvited side effects of high productivity. Factories and power plants were sending out smoke and industrial waste while Americans were using petrol for their massive(大量的) cars, making air pollution almostsynonymous withthe nation’s development.What moved Senator Nelson to action was the 1969 massive oil spill inCalifornia, the largest in theUnited Statesat that time. The spill proved to be an environmental nightmare as it had a significant effect on marine life,killing about 3,500 sea birds, as well as marine animals such as dolphins, elephant seals and sea lions, fueling public anger. Inspired by the student antiwar movement at that period of time, Nelson found it an appropriate time to direct the energy of the students towards a fight for environmental protection. He decided that it was time to educate the Americans on the need to protect the environment. Thus Earth Day was born in 1970, and public environmentalawareness took centre stage.On 22ndApril 1970, millions of Americans took to the street and thousands of students marched to appeal for a healthy, sustainable environment. There was now a new synergy(协同作用) among different groups which had previously been fighting their causes related to the environment. Their fight for environmental conservation became so overwhelming that affected businesses were forced to follow environmental standards if they wanted to continue their operations.As it became more apparent that environmental issues were not just localized ones but a global concern, the year 1990 saw Earth Day reach out to many more around the world. Earth Day 1990 helped pave the way for the 1992 United Nations Earth Summit inRio de Janeiro, bringing together many nations for a united effort towards protecting the environment.12. Which of the following can replace the underlined phrase “synonymous with” in paragraph 1?A. familiar withB. opposite toC. different fromD. equal to13. Why did Nelson found Earth Day?A. To support students’ antiwar movement.B. To draw people’s attention to the seriousness of the oil spill.C. To arouse American’s awareness of environmental conservation.D. To educate Americans to protect marine life threatened by oil spill events.14. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Businesses would like to follow environmental standards.B. Earth Day united people to fight for environmental protection.C. It was the side effects of high productivity that led Nelson to take action.D. The 1992 United Nations Earth Summit made Earth Day known to more countries.15. The passage mainly talks about_______.A. how Earth Day came into beingB. why Earth Day was so significantC. who the founder of Earth Day wasD. what Earth Day meantto the world第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
【解析】上海市浦东新区建平中学2020届高三上学期开学摸底英语试题
2019-2020学年上海市浦东新区建平中学高三上学期英语摸底考试卷I. Listening Comprehension(略)II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20分)Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.To have a fruitful discussion, teachers need to decide what seating arrangement is best for their own class and be prepared to experiment with different methods.___1___ method is adopted, it should help and be productive of dialogue between children as well as between teacher and child. Within the physical setting, children and teachers should agree ___2___ a discussion takes place.Why are rules necessary for discussion? This may be a question to ask the children. If children are given freedom to talk, why are there rules that will restrict that freedom? The golden rule is of course that one’s own freedom ___3___ not interfere with the freedom of others. Individuals within a democratic community have equal rights. A child who talks all the time ___4___(deny) the rights of others to be heard. Each person should be allowed an equal chance to speak and to put forward their own point of view and if we wish ___5___listen) to, then we should listen to others. There is no point giving a point of view ___6___ someone is listening.___7___ of us are capable of listening to more than one person at a time, so another basic rule should be: only one person to speak at a time. Listening implies not only hearing the words but paying attention to the meaning of ___8___ is being said. This is not a natural thing for children to do. School is typically a place where children learn to listen to the teacher but not to each other. The skills of listening need to be practiced. The ideal discussion,___9___ everyone listens to the speaker and then each is allowed to reply, is rare among adults, let alone children. It works ____10____ (well) when certain ground-rules for discussion are followed.【答案】1. Whichever2. how3. should4. denies5. to be listened6. unless7. None8. what 9. in which10. better本文为说明文。
2020年上海市沪新中学高三英语一模试题及答案解析
2020年上海市沪新中学高三英语一模试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIt’s a tempting habit for them to look at their smartphone rather than make eye contact with someone. There is so much to look at: photographs, social media feeds, messages and emails. No wonder they are glued to their screens. But is it good for them?There have been many claims about the damage looking at screens does to our eyesight. Some people feared staring at a small bright box could make us short-sighted. This is a particular concern for children and young people, who spend a higher percentage of time using electronic devices. BBC reporter, Rory Jones, says, “There is enough evidence that no matter how long teenagers are spending looking at screens, they come across information about issues such as anorexia and self-harm that could prove damaging to their mental health.”But a new study says time in front of computers and phones might not be as bad for young people as many think. Research by the Oxford Internet Institute examined data from more than 17,000 teenagers in theUK,Irelandand theUnited States. Their study concluded that most links between life satisfaction and social media use were tiny, accounting for less than 1% of a teenager’s wellbeing. Professor Przybylski, director of research, said, “99.75% of a person’s life satisfaction has nothing to do with their use of social media.” The research found that family, friends and school life all had a greater impact on wellbeing.So, does this mean young people can spend longer looking at social media? TheOxfordresearchers are confident about its findings and that any connection between screen time and mental health is very small. Dr. Max Davie, officer for health improvement at theRoyalCollege, calls the study a “small first step”, but he says there are other issues to explore, such as screen time’s interference(干预) with other important activities like sleep, exercise and time with family or friends. Perhaps for now, the “right” amount of screen time is only a matter of personal judgement.1. What is people’s common belief concerning screen time?A. Looking at screens does harm to young people.B. Screen time provides a chance for teenagers to learn.C. Most teenagers get near-sighted due to looking at screens.D. A small amount of time online does little harm to teenagers.2. What can we learn from the new study by the Oxford Internet Institute?A. Screen time has a great influence on people’s daily activities.B. The right amount of the screen time is related to its content.C. There is a close link between social media and self-satisfaction.D. Social bonds play a more significant role in people’s wellbeing than social media.3. Where is the passage most probably taken from?A. A science fiction.B. A science magazine.C. A research paper.D. An economics book.BWhat about your emotions? How do they help you to understand what you are reading?In Jane Yolan'sOwl Moon,a girl explores with her father on a snowy night. She longs for this special night.And she's amazed when she sees an owl.Have you felt longing before? Amazement? Well, if you have, it helps you have a sense of agreement. When we can put ourselves inside a story we can understand it better. Our brain tells us,"Oh, this girl's experience is a bit like mine."And boom! We can relate to her.But this skill is not born in us.So young kids have to learn it.Pictures and images help young readers to understand and recognize feelings.Readers feel joy when seeing the smiling faces of friends.They feel fear when turning the page to find a scary monster. They are just pictures,but the feelings are real. This skill, to understand the thinking and feeling of others, is what researchers call "theory of mind".For example, think about the faces of people and animals in stories. The Big Bad Wolf's scary teeth. The 'o' shape of a surprised character's mouth. Or big, wide eyes like the girl inOwl Moon.By noticing the faces,readers can start to figure out what it feels like to be that character.And that helps to figure out how people feel and think in real life.But most young readers don't go into deep,scary woods.And some may not go to the beach or play basketball.In the bookYo!Yes?two kids meet and play ball. The kids start the story on opposite pages.But as the story goes on,they get closer until they are together.Some young readers might not play basketball, but they can read the clues on the page to figure out how the kids are feeling.And some readers might not like the game,but they can feel excited for the characters because of how the characters look and move.4. What can we learn from the second paragraph?A.Owl Moontalks about the exploration of the Moon.B. The feeling of"amazement"is a sense of agreement.C. Readers are blessed with the ability to interpret others.D. Readers with similar experience understand the story better.5. Which of the following might help readers develop"theory of mind"?A. True feelings.B. Smiling faces.C. Picture books.D. Reading skills.6. Young readers can go deeper into a story by________.A. tracking the plotB. developing new skillsC. sharing similar hobbiesD. analyzing the background7. What is the text mainly about?A. How thinking influences reading.B. How readers improve reading skills.C. How emotions help enhance reading.D. How kids figure out the clues of stories.CSome years ago a young man applied to a large United States optical firm for a job as a lens designer. He apologized for lack of training, but on announcing that he owned two copies of the classic Conrady's Applied Optics and Optical Design, one for his office and a second for his bedside table, he was hired on the spot. Perhaps the story will be repeated some day with Buchdahl's Introduction to Hamiltonian Optics as a similar certificate of qualification.Hamiltonian theory describes with powerful generality the overall properties of optical systems considered as ‘black boxes’, although it does not describe the detailed structure needed to construct the systems and achieve these properties. Buchdahl's book is therefore on the subject of geometrical optics, but it is not about how to design lenses. It is, however a compact comprehensive account of the fundamentals of the theory written with the lens designer's needs very much in mind. Every lens designer worth his salt has at some time in his career attempted to apply the broad concepts of Hamiltonian optics to the solutions of practical problems. Success has been sufficiently rare that the theory, as such, has made little direct contribution to techniques for optical instrument design. The failures have been frustrating because of the obvious fundamental power of the theory and because of its conceptual elegance. The indirect effects have been large, however, both in contributing to an understanding of fundamental principles that govern the overall behavior of optical systems and in pointing the way to other, more practical, theoretical approaches.Buchdahl approaches the subject not only as a capable mathematical physicist, but as one who with aknowledge of practical optics has made a significant contribution to geometrical optical theory. Buchdahl's approach has, over the last decade, had a major impact on modern lens design with computers. Thus, he brings to this exposition of Hamiltonian optics a familiarity with practical optics not usually found in authors on this subject.The author claims his book to be non-mathematical, and indeed it might be so viewed by a professional mathematician. From the point of view of many physicists and engineers, it will appear to be quite mathematical. Moreover, this is a tightly written book. The subject matter is developed with precision, and the author expects the reader, at very point, to be master of the preceding exposition.8. Hamiltonian theory met with failures as a result of ______.A. newer finding related to the wave particle nature of lightB. very complicated concepts too difficult to understand by most lens designersC. too much mathematical detail in the theoryD. not enough practical information offered by the theory to allow for use by lens crafters9. The author of this passage implies that Introduction to Hamiltonian Optics is necessary to ______.A. the students who are major in mathematical geometryB. those who want to grasp the basic principles of optical systemsC. the lens designers who look for instructions on practical designsD. those who are interested in physics10. The article points out that the great benefits of Hamiltonian optics have been found is ______.A. indirect ways of learning mathematicsB. a fundamental power within the theoryC. the conceptual elegance of the theoryD. the practical applications of the theory in finding new approaches to old problems11. This passage is probably excerpted from ______.A. a review of a bookB. a chemistry textbookC. an optician's essayD. a general science textDThe Rise of Voice TechnologyVoice technology has come a long way. Just a few years ago, it would have been unusable. But now, those who follow the technology know that it has got considerably better.Writing with your voice raises several interesting questions. How difficult is it actually? Human speechinvolves a lot more starting and stopping with errors and the need for repairing broken sentences than you may think. Even gifted speakers make mistakes. To turn the spoken word into reasonable writing requires lots of planning. You’ll need some kinds of notes or other organisers to make it work.Another question turning speech into writing raises is the style. How would writing make the change that people speak their writing rather than type? Chances are that it would come up with many more short sentences and more concrete language, which is good. It would probably also rely on prepared phrases a lot more often, which is not available when you are speaking quickly.To confirm this, a column was not written, but dictated (听写). It was composed from brief notes written down for structure only, and it was edited for length, with all of the original errors kept in. Here were the results. The first was that the literal accuracy was extremely high. There weren’t many cases wherethe software had heard one word incorrectly and written down another. But the other result was that the readability of this column was rather bad. Obviously, the blame is not with the technology at all, which turns out to be rather good. Speaking into writing relies on a better human brain than the one we currently possess. Writing is hard. There’s a reason it can’t be done at the speed of speech, in real time.To clarify the matter, this time paragraph breaks were added after the whole writing. Punctuations (标点) had to be spoken aloud, and after a full stop, the first word in the new sentence was capitalized automatically. Some minor punctuation marks were added to make it clearer. To improve accuracy, people “trained” the software beforehand, reading a prewritten passage aloud. Actually it turns out to be more effective. All of these ensure the satisfactory completion of turning speech into writing.Language is the most important tool for human interaction, and voice is one beautiful part of language. With the maturity of modern technology, it has given birth to a great change in the human-computer voice interaction.12. According to the passage, which helps to turn speech into writing in terms of style?A. There is careful planning in advance.B. Errors and broken sentences are avoided.C. People type words as fast as they say them.D. The writing contains more prepared phrases.13. To achieve better results, the author mentions some changes for ______.A. processing errors in a column.B. adding minor punctuation marks.C. increasing the number of brief notes.D. integrating short paragraphs in writing.14. The author suggests that ______.A. human brains are responsible for poor dictated writing.B. writing with voice promises to improve the quality of writing.C. writing is an unnatural act that can hardly be learned and improved.D. technology has a long way to go in the human-computer voice interaction.15. What is the passage mainly about?A. Why people fully intend to turn speech into writing.B. What role voice technology plays in improving readability.C. Where the human-computer voice interaction is at an advantage.D. How voice technology enables the change from speech into writing.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020年上海美国学校高三英语模拟试卷及答案
2020年上海美国学校高三英语模拟试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ASpeaking with people on the phone is pretty rare these days. Most people use e-mail or messaging apps when they need to communicate with someone. Sometimes, though, making a call is unavoidable. This simple act can actually be a nightmare for some people. Their hearts race and their hands sweat at the very thought. If this sounds familiar to you, you might be one of the millions of people who suffer from telephobia—the fear of speaking over the phone.Telephobia is a form of social anxiety, although people who feel perfectly comfortable in social situations may also experience telephobia. When speaking face-to-face, we give off lots of facial or bodily cues that help each other follow the conversation. This is not the case over the phone. And the idea of speaking into this void（真空）makes people terrified that they will freeze up, stumble over their words（失言）, or lose control of the conversation and look foolish In fact, telephobia is very similar to thefear people feel before putting on a performance in front of a big audience. However, there are things that one suffering from thin condition can do to reduce this fear and make phone calls at least somewhat bearable.One thing that those with telephobia can do before a call in smile. It may sound silly, but smiling before doing something stressful can help you feel more relaxed. It won't delete the anxiety altogether, but it will take the edge off it.Similarly, imagining how the call will go before you make it can also help things go more smoothly. Running through a positive conversation in your head will make you feel less nervous and may help you predict any possible problems. There's no need to spend hours on this, just a few minutes thinking up a general idea of what you want to say. You can even write down some brief notes to remind yourself of your talking points. This is particularly useful for dealing with the fear of not being able to express yourself naturally.And finally, when faced with receiving a call, you don't always have to pick up. There's nothing wrong with calling the person back later when you feel more comfortable.So the next time your phone starts ringing, remember—speaking on the phone doesn't have to make you sweat. The important thing is to be aware of your fear and take steps to deal with it.1. According to the article, which situation can cause a feeling similar lo telephobia?A.Speaking face-to-face to a good friend.B. Performing in front of a large audience.C. Running in a race without proper shoes.D. Using a messaging app while on the subway.2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way to deal with telephobia?A.Imagining how the call will go before you make it.B. Standing on the edge of a tall building while making a call.C. Calling someone back later instead of answering their phone calls right away.D. Writing down some brief notes to remind yourself of your talking points.3. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To present ways to ease telephobia.B. To explain the development of telephobiaC. To introduce the influence of telephobia.D. To give the reason why someone suffers from telephobia.BHidden beneath the surface in the roots of Earths astonishing and diverse plant life, there exists a biological superhighway linking together the members of the plant kingdom in what researchers call the "wood wide web".The network is comprised of thin threads of fungus (真菌) that grow outwards underground up to a few meters from its partnering plant, meaning that all of the plant life within a region likely connected to one another. The partnership is beneficial for both parties involved, plants provide carbohydrates (碳水化合物) to the funguses and in exchange, the funguses aid in gathering water and providing nutrients to its partnering plant.A study conducted by Rensen Zeng of theSouthChinaAgriculturalUniversityfound that this also allowed for plants to warn one another of potential harm. The study showed Broad Beans used the fungal network to spy on one another for upcoming danger.Like our Internet, this fungal connectivity is also full of crime. Some plants, such as Golden Marigolds have been found to release poisons into the network to slow down the growth of surrounding plants in the fight for water and light. Other plants, such as the Phantom Orchid, do not have the chlorophyll (叶绿素) and must get the necessary nutrients from surrounding plants.Research suggests that animals such as insects and worms may be able to detect slight exchanges of nutrients through the network, allowing them to more easily find delicious roots to feed on; however, this has not beenconclusively made clear in experimentation. The more we learn about this phenomenon, the more our understanding of the plant life of our planet will continue to change. Perhaps one day, we may be able to map out these complex networks entirely.4. What is the function of the first paragraph?A.To explain the aim of the web.B. To introduce the main topic.C. To give definition of diverse life.D. To show the importance of plants.5. The criminal behavior of plants can be seen as a way to________.A. compete for survivalB. gather more waterC. take in sunlightD. break natural rules6. What does the last paragraph suggest?A. Animals can also feed on the fungus.B. Nutrient exchanges are too slight to detect.C. No experiment can prove the phenomenon.D. More needs to be done to work out the network.7. Which can be the best title for the text?A. The Partnership between PlantsB. The Unknown Roots of the EarthC. The Superhighway Linking the PlantsD. The Mysterious Map Changing the WorldCPut your hand over your heart and sit very still. You may notice that the sound of your heartbeat is similar to the beat of a drum. Your heart starts beating before you are born and continues throughout your life. For this reason, the beating of a drum stands for the rhythm of life for many people around the world.InGhana, a country inAfrica, many schools use drums instead of bells to show the beginning and ending of class. Through the drum, the children ofGhanaalso learn about their history and culture. They hear old stories passed on through the music of the drum. The stories of the drum also teach children games, rules and lessonsabout behavior.For thousands of years inAfrica, drums have been used to tell stories of daily life and history. Drums told the coming of a king, the start of a war, or the birth of a child. They also allowed people to share messages. But how does a drum tell a story?InWest Africa, the most common drum used for communication is called a “talking drum”. By making higher orlower drum sounds, the drummer can make the drum “talk”.In many African languages, words go up and down in pitch (高音) when they are spoken, almost like a song. Depending on the pitch or tone (音调), the same sound can have many different meanings. For example, when spoken with two low tones, the African word “ilu” means “drum”. When spoken with one high and one low tone, “ilu” means “town”.Drum language works in the same way. Just as in spoken language, the word “ilu” has different meanings depending on how it’s drummed. When “ilu” is drummed with two beats using low tones, the word means “drum”. When “ilu” is drummed with two beats using one high and one low tone, it means “town”.Drummers create “words” to build ideas, sentences and stories. The next time you hear a song, listen for the heartbeat within the music. Can you hear the story of the drum?8. The first paragraph mainly tells us________.A. drums beat like our heartsB. drums have a long historyC. drums are widely used in the worldD. drums are important for many people worldwide9. From the text, we learn that inGhanadrums________.A. are not as useful as beforeB. teach children a lot of thingsC. help bring the war to an endD. are used in class by teachers10. The example of the African word “ilu” is used to show________.A. how a word can have different soundsB. how to speak African languagesC. how a drum tells storiesD. how to beat a drum11. What would be the best title for the text?A. Know the history of the drumB. Listen to the story of the drumC. Beat the drum of lifeD. Love me, love my drumDZaki was small for his twelve years, and he was angry being treated as a child. Farid, his older brother, had been looked upon as a man long before he was Zaki’s age. Every day Farid and the other young Bahraini men went out in their wooden boats to dive for oysters (牡蛎). Many times Zaki begged to go along, but Faridalways refused to let him.So every day Zaki would go to the shallow water to practice. His grandfather, a former diver, would watch him and advise him. All morning, Zaki would practice diving beneath the waves. Every afternoon, again and again he would go underwater and hold his breath. With each day’s practice, his diving improved and he could hold his breath a little while longer. Soon Zaki felt as much at home in the water as he did out of it.Zaki rose early one day. He wanted to compete with his brother. They dived beneath the waves. Zaki opened his eyes and found himself looking into his brother’s face. Farid was smiling with confidence. Slowly, the smile was disappearing from Farid’s face. As more seconds passed, a worried look appeared on Farid’s face. Farid was realizing that Zaki could possibly beat him. Looking into Farid’s eyes, Zaki suddenly understood what losing could mean to his brother. Never would the villagers allow him to live it down. He would be laughed at by losing to a little child. Almost without thinking, Zaki kicked his feet and rose to the surface of the water a second before Farid’s head appeared beside him.The men around them cheered and patted Farid on the back. Farid, however, put his arm around Zaki’s shoulders. “Today,” Farid announced, “we shall have a new diver among us.” Then quietly, for Zaki’s ears alone, he said “Thank you, my brother.” And Zaki knew that they both had learned that it takes more than strength to makea man.12. What is the second paragraph mainly about?A. Zaki’s grandfather was a good diver.B. Zaki liked staying at home every day.C. Zaki practised hard in the water daily.D. Zaki’s grandfather encouraged him to dive.13. Which of the following best describes Zaki according to paragraph 3?A. Considerate.B. Ambitious.C. Confident.D. Adventurous.14. What can we infer from the last sentence of the text?A. Farid beat his little brother easily.B. Zaki was as strong as his brother.C. Zaki regretted losing the competition.D. Both Farid and Zaki had grown up.15. What is the best title for the text?A. Farid’s PrideB. Zaki’s ChallengeC. Brothers’ CompetitionD. Grandfather’s Advice第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020年上海市沪新中学高三英语模拟试卷及答案解析
2020年上海市沪新中学高三英语模拟试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AAmid the coronavirus outbreak, the U. S. Department of Homeland Security recommends having at least a two - week supply of water and food.PotatoesShelf life：2 to 5 weeks if stored in a cool, dry, dark placeYukon Gold, red, and fingerling potatoes will last from two to three weeks. Larger white potatoes can last for three to five weeks. Sweet potatoes have about the same shelf life. Don't store them next to onions, however. The two might go together well in cooking, but raw, each gives off gases and moisture that might cause the other to spoil faster.Tea※Shelf life：6 to 12 months past "sell - by" dateDried tea leaves, whether loose (in a sealed container) or in teabags (in an unopened box) can easily last a year or more if they' re not subjected to damp or humidity. However, the tea does tend to lose flavor over time.Peanuts● Shelf life：1 to 2 monthsPeanuts in their shell, especially when kept cool and dry, are perfectly happy in the cupboard for as long as two months.Canned fruits and vegetables● Shelf life：1 to 2 years past "sell - by” dateCanningis an extremely efficient means of preserving food. Generally speaking, if canned foods aren't subjected to extreme heat, their contents should stay good for two years or more. Be aware, however, of dented cans or those with swollen tops, which may indicate the presence of bacteria inside.1. Which can go bad faster if stored with onions?A. Potatoes.B. Tea.C. Peanuts.D. Canned fruits and vegetables.2. What is special about tea?A. The flavor of tea can always remain the same.B. Tea leaves are better to be preserved in an open jar.C. Tea leaves should be kept away from the state of being wet.D. The maximum length of time that tea can be stored is 6 months.3. What may shorten the "sell - by” date of canned foods ?A. Shapes of cans.B. Categories of foods.C. Decline of the temperature.D. Exposure to high temperature.BAlaska—The American city Anchorage is recovering from a powerful earthquake Friday that damaged public buildings, homes and roads.The 7.0 earthquake caused buildings to slake. But there have been no reports of deaths, serious injuries or damage. Officials say the quake has not affected transportation of food and her supplies. “The ships are coming in on schedule, the supply lines are at this point working well,” the government told reporters Sunday.The Glenn Highway was probably the road hit hardest by the earthquake. It connects the state's largest city to other parts in the north. Traffic has been heavy and slow—moving since the quake. Drivers are being guided. Groups of workers are trying to rebuild areas where the quake left large holes in the road.People who are still nervous after the major quake have been more upset by more than 1, 700 aftershocks. “Anything that moves, you feel terrified”said David, whose home suffered structural(结构)damage, including a sunken foundation(地基). Actually, Alaska came up with strict building rules after a 9. 2 earthquake in 1964. That was the second most powerful earthquake on record.Government officials said a public health center promises that moneyfor medical treatment will continue to come. Mental healthy service(心理健康服务)is also available for people hurt by the disaster.Earthquake experts say there is a 4 percent chance of another 7. 0 earthquake or greater in the following week. "The chance is very small, but its not impossible, ” said the expert, Paul Caruso.4. What was the result of the earthquake?A. Buildings were damaged.B. Food supply was cut off.C. Many people were killedD. The ships could not come in.5. Why is the traffic slow on the Glenn Highway?A. Because small quakes hit the city.B. Because falling rocks are a danger.C. Because the highway is badly damaged.D. Because drivers are misled.6. What can you learn from Paul Caruso?A. Another greater earthquake is on the way.B. Chances still exists of another earthquake.C. It will be safe in the 1th week after the quake.D. There is no possibility for more quakes.7. Where can your possibly read the passage?A. Ina story book.B. In a travel journal.C. In a poster.D. In a newspaper.CThe herd of elephants moving north after leaving the Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve in Yunnan province has drawn widespread public attention, with tens of millions of people following its movement on TV programs and social media platforms.But this is not because it’s the first time wild Asian Elephants have wandered away from their habitat and headed northward, but for only this time the herd has traveled more than 400 kilometers as far as Kunming. Photographs, videos and stories of the herd’s movement have sparked widespread discussions even overseas.However, there is a need to go behind the “cute photos” and the seemingly “fantastic” event and identify the reasons why wild elephants are leaving their habitat, and find ways to establish harmonious human-animal relationship within habitats and the surrounding forests and human settlements. It is important to scientifically mark the limits of the habitats for elephants and other animals in Xishuangbanna and elsewhere in the country for ecological reasons as well.Planting trees is a key and fundamental step toward restoration of nature. Yet long-term investment and a more scientific approach are needed to maintain the remaining forests as well as to extend the forest cover and strengthen conservation.Nevertheless, tree cover alone doesn’t mean a suitable habitat for all animals, for different species need different types of vegetation to survive and breed. The elephant herd in Yunnan is a reminder that we have to scientifically conserve the existing forests and turn them into suitable habitats for different species of animals and birds, which will ultimately benefit humans.More ambitious targets should be set to rebuild or improve the food chain, and measures taken to ensure forest resources help wildlife flourish, in order to establish a harmonious human-animal relationship.Forests around the globe are still shrinking, particularly those in tropical and developing countries. The nextdecade therefore will be extremely important for the world’s forests and wildlife, and China can play a leading role in saving them by better protecting its forests and expanding its forest cover.8. Why has the herd of elephants caused so much public interest?A. There exist heated discussions in the whole country even overseas.B. TV programs and social media platforms want to benefit from them.C. They are the first wild Asian Elephants to leave their natural habitat.D. The elephants has traveled a long distance and lived in harmony with humans.9. What can we infer from the third paragraph about the “fantastic” event?A. More research on the reasons behind the event is required.B. Scientists need to limit the habitats for elephants and other animals.C. People should find ways to have a good relationship with elephants.D. There’s an urgent demand for detailed information about the elephants.10. Which method is provided in the passage to restore nature?A. Expanding the coverage of forest.B. Getting the government’s policy support.C. Bringing up various ways to protect the forests.D. Offering more kinds of vegetation to all animals.11. What does this event of elephants leaving their habitats remind us to do?A. To set more goals to change the food chain.B. To be aware of the situation of the existing forests.C. To realize harmonious coexistence of human and nature.D. To reduce the destruction of the forests around the globe.DIn life，once on a path，we tend to follow it，for better or worse.What's sad is that even if it's the latter，we often accept it anyway because we are so used to the way things are that wed don't even recognize that they could be different This is a phenomenon psychologist call functional fixedness.This classic experiment will give you an idea of howitworks and a sense of whether you may have fallen into the same trap: People are given a box of tacks (大头钉) and some matches and asked to find a way to attach a candle to a wall so that it burns properly.Typically, the subjects try tacking the candle to the wall or lighting it to fix it with melted wax. Thepsychologists had, of course, arranged it so that neither of these obvious approaches would work. The tacks are too short, and the paraffin (石蜡) doesn't stick to the wall. So how can you complete the task? The successful technique is to use the tack box as a candle-holder. You empty it, tack it to the wall. and stand the candle inside it. To think of that, you have to look beyond the box's usual role as a receptacle just for tacks and re-imagine it serving an entirely new purpose. That is difficult because we all suffer to one degree or another from functional fixedness.The inability to think in new ways affects people in every corner of society. The political theorist Hannah Arendt coined the phrase“frozen thoughts”to describe deeply held ideas that we no longer question but should. In Arendt's eyes, the self- content reliance on such accepted “truths”also made people blind to ideas that didn't fit their worldview, even when there was plenty of evidence for them.Frozen thinking has nothing to do with intelligence, she said,“It can be found in highly intelligent people.”12. What does the underlined word“it”in paragraph 2 refer to?A. The experiment.B. Functional fixedness.C. The path.D. The thinking.13. Which way is hard to think of to complete the task?A. Tacking the candle to the wall.B. Fixing the candle with melted wax.C. Using the tack box as a candle-holder.D. Lighting the candle tostand it.14. Which of the following statements will Hannah Arendt agree with?A. People should question.B. We should be used to the way things are.C. People shouldn't accept the idea that doesn't fit their worldview.D. The smarter people are，the more open to the new things they are.15. What's the passage mainly about?A. An interesting experimentB. A psychological phenomenon.C. A theory to be proved.D. The opinion of Hannah Arendt.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020年上海市东高级中学高三英语一模试卷及答案
2020年上海市东高级中学高三英语一模试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AA 21-year-old female student has become the youngest womanever to be elected as Mayor (市长) after first entering politics to campaign about food.Labor Party (工党) member Rosie Corrigan was elected as Mayor of Selby a market town in North Yorkshire, on Monday. The student’s election was unchallenged to the mayoralty, following a year serving as deputy mayor. Corrigan has just finished her second year studying politics at theUniversityofHull. A political activist since secondary school, lifelong Selby citizen Corrigan has always been ambitious. As a member of the UK Youth Parliament, she co-founded the Selby Youth council, and then went on to run for and win the local council election as a Labour candidate (候选人) aged just 18.Corrigan plan to use her year in office to further encourage political awareness in the youth of Selby. By breaking a political record of being the youngest woman ever elected inUKhistory, Corrigan hopes this will break the misunderstanding of Selby being a sleepy town with old-fashioned views. “It’s an honor to be the Mayor of my lovely hometown,” Corrigan told a newspaper. “I plan on using the year to encourage children and young people to champion their communities.”The politics student’s election has been supported whole heartedly by the politicians she has worked with throughout her early-developing career, including thebackingof former deputy Prime Minister (副首相) John Prescott. Simon Darvill said in an interview, “I hope that the success of Rosie and others like her encourages more young people to get involved in politics and change where they live for the better.”1. Which statement is true according to Paragraph 2?A. Corrigan is new to the political scene of Selby.B. Corrigan became interested in politics in childhood.C. Corrigan has been living in Selby since she was born.D. Corrigan founded the Selby Youth council by herself.2. What can we infer from Paragraph 3?A. Corrigan plans to further her time in office by at least a year.B. The people of Selby are passive and have out-of-date views.C. Corrigan is the youngest person ever elected inUKhistory.D. Corrigan intends to increase Selby’s youth’spolitical involvement.3. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “backing” in Paragraph 4?A. ApprovalB. AppreciationC. PraiseD. SupportBMany Americans experience surprise (or disappointment) when they wake up on Christmas Day. They might be surprised or disappointed by a family member’s actions. They might be happy or unhappy about a Christmas gift. Imagine a child expects to get an Xbox or PlayStation for Christmas. On Christmas morning, they quickly open their gift. Inside is an English grammar book. They might feel disappointed. The Everyday Grammar team would prefer the new English grammar book. But if you are like most young people, you would probably rather have a new video game.Today, we are going to explore those feelings-feelings of surprise and disappointment. In other words, we are going to explore how speakers show that reality was better or worse than their expectations.Many languages use words to express expectation. Speakers also use words to express how events are not happening as expected. This idea is known as “counter expectation”.Do not worry about the term. Just remember that it means that speakers use words to show that reality is countering their expectations.English has many words that serve this purpose. Three of the most common are the words “even”, “still” and “actually”. You will often hear them in informal, everyday speech. Speakers use these words to show disappointment. The pitch of their voice tells you what they mean. Let’s study examples of each word.Speakers often use the word "even” to show disappointment or surprise. Imagine a young child that expects a phone call from a family member-perhaps an uncle or grandparent. The phone call never comes. The child might say the following: “What’s wrong with him? He didn’t even call me on Christmas day.” Americans sometimes use “still” for showing how reality does not quite meet their expectations: “You’re still here? It’s over! Go home. Go!” Another common word that shows surprise or disappointment is “actually”: “I can’t believe it! Uncle Bob actually stole her Christmas gift.”4. What might most young Americans prefer as a Christmas gift according to paragraph 1?A. A newly made video game.B. An English grammar book.C. A new designed school bag.D. A unique jacket from their parents.5. What does the underlined phrase “counter expectation” in paragraph 3 mean?A. Expression of disappointment.B. Something expected to happen.C. The same with one’s expectation.D. A result against what is expected.6. What do the three words “even”, “still” and “actually” have in common?A. They are easy to understand.B. They express disappointment.C. They show delighted feelings.D. They are used most at Christmas.7. What’s the last paragraph mainly about?A. Expectations from loved ones.B. Different uses of the three words.C. Examples of the use of the three words.D. Emotions of disappointment and surprise.CMove over, helicopter parents. “Snowplow (扫雪机) parents” are the newest reflection of an intensive (强化的) parenting style that can include parents booking their adult children haircuts, texting their college kids to wake them up so they don’t sleep through a test, and even calling their kids’ employers.Helicopter parenting the practice of wandering anxiously near one’s children, monitoring their every activity, is so 20th century. Some rich mothers and fathers now are more like snowplows: machines moving ahead, clearing any difficulties in their children’s path to success, so they don’t have to suffer failure, frustration (挫折) or lose opportunities.It starts early, when parents get on wait lists for excellent preschools before their babies are born and try to make sure their kids never do anything that may frustrate them. It gets more intense when school starts: running forgotten homework to school or calling a coach to request that their children make the team.Rich parents may have more time and money to devote to making sure their children don’t ever meet with failure, but it’s not only rich parents practicing snowplow parenting. This intensive parenting has become the most welcome way to raise children, regardless of income, education, or race.Yes, it’s a parent’s job to support the children, and to use their adult wisdom to prepare for the future when their children aren’t mature enough to do so. That’s why parents hide certain toys from babies to avoid getting angry or take away a teenager’s car keys until he finishes his college applications.But snowplow parents can take it too far, some experts say. If children have never faced a difficulty, what happens when they get into the real world?“Solving problems, taking risks and overcoming frustration are key life skills,” many child development experts say, “and if parents don’t let their children experience failure, the children don’t acquire them.”8. What do we know about snowplow parenting?A. It appeared before helicopter parenting.B. It costs parents less than helicopter parenting.C. It was a typical phenomenon of the 20th century.D. It provides more than enough services for children.9. What is mainly discussed about snowplow parenting in Paragraph 4?A. Its cost.B. Its benefits.C. Its popularity.D. Its ending.10. Why does the author mention parents’ taking away car keys?A. To show teenagers are no better than babies.B. To advise teenagers not to treat their cars as toys.C. To advise parents not to buy cars for their teenagers.D. To show it’s appropriate to help children when necessary.11. What’s the possible result of snowplow parenting according to the experts?A. Children lacking problem-solving ability in reality.B. Children mastering more key life skills than parents.C. Children gaining great success in every aspect of life.D. Children meeting no problems or frustration after growing up.DTyphoons can be deadly — in 2013, Typhoon Haiyan, the strongest ever recorded, was responsible for 6,340 deaths—and cost billions in damages. Current forecast modelscan only predict these storms 10 days in advance, at most, and they cannot precisely predict how intense the storms will become.An international team of researchers has developed a model that analyzes nearly a quarter of Earth’s surface and atmosphere in order to better predict the conditions that birth typoons.“The target problem of this study is how to foretell the birth of typhoons,” said paper author Mingkui Li, associate professor in the Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography in the Ocean University of China and the Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (QNLM). “We specifically address three aspects: the beginning time, inner pressure and maximum wind speed.”The researchers also accounted for the influence of one variable(变量) on another, such as wind speed on sea surface temperature. This influence is well understood and accounted for in climate predictions and in weather forecasts, butithas not been fully applied in understanding how long-term climate affects day-to-dayweather, according to Li. “We aimed to provide insights on the time scale that can be used to forecast typhoons in advance.”From their study, the researchers determined that a model with the ability to better understand the relationship between warm sea surface temperatures and weak wind movement— conditions that favor typhoon formation—could improve typhoon predictability.“Our goal is to develop a 10 to 30-day prediction system that will lead to seamless(无缝的) weather-climate predictions.” Shaoqing Zhang, paper author and professor in the Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography, said.12. What is the problem with the present forecast system?A. It cannot foretell storms in advance.B. It is ineffective in accuracy and timeliness.C. It costs too much and causes great damages.D. It can hardly predict the intensity of typhoons.13. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 4 refer to?A. The variable.B. The climateC. The temperature.D. The influence.14. What is the purpose of the study?A. To advance the prediction system.B. To figure out the three main aspects.C. To know how climate affects daily weather.D. To understand the influence of the variables.15. Where is this text most likely from?A. Awork diary.B. A travel guidebook.C. A science magazine.D. A fantasy fiction.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
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七宝中学2020学年第一学期高三返校英语摸底试卷I Listening ComprehensionPart A Short ConversationsDirections: In Part A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Borrow 25 cents. B. Use the woman’s phone.C. Look for a phone nearby.D. Pay the woman’s phone.2. A. They don’t have to go to the concert. B. His brother should let them use the car.C. They will take a taxi.D. They can go there by subway.3. A. To repair a TV set. B. To complain about a TV set.C. To buy a TV set.D. To return a TV set.4. A. Give her the correct time. B. Use her notes.C. Stop reviewing.D. Continue revising.5. A. She has always been popular. B. She was surprised by the party.C. She was popular with children.D. She had a surprise party.6. A. He thinks it will be better than the old one.B. He’s anxious for it to be completed.C. He’s worried that it’s not long enough.D. He feels that it shouldn’t have been built.7. A. In a school. B. In a clothing store.C. In a bank.D. In a theatre.8. A. The professor’s lecture was not convincing enough.B. The professor’s lecture was too complicated.C. The professor spoke with a strong accent.D. The professor spoke too fast.9. A. He was kept in hospital for a long time.B. He was seriously wounded in an explosion.C. He was slightly injured in a traffic accident.D. He was fined for speeding.10. A. The furnished apartment was inexpensive.B. The apartment was provided with some old furniture.C. The furniture in the market was on sale every Sunday.D. The furniture he bought was very cheap.Part B PassagesDirections: In Part B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Because he failed in the match. B. Because he liked to dream there.C. Because he had no money.D. Because he could see the hotel.12. A. On Saturday evening. B. One Sunday evening.C. One Saturday morning.D. One Sunday morning.13. A. Because he didn’t like the warm and soft bed.B. Because he liked to sleep in the park.C. Because he didn’t pay for it.D. Because he wanted to have a good dream.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Energy crisis. B. Global financial difficulties.C. Climate change.D. Terrorism,15. A. 2.3 billion. B. 188 million. C. 2 billion. D. 24 million.16. A. To celebrate its 97th anniversary.B. To welcome the officers from the army.C. To see off the students admitted to the army.D. To award the only female student who passed the selection.Part C Longer ConversationsDirections: In Part C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and vocabularySection A25. – How are you doing recently?-- Fine. I’ve managed to lose my weight ____10 pounds.A. forB. toC. fromD. by26. The real solution to the fuel shortage will have to be a new kind of car, ____ that does not use so much oil.A. the oneB. /C. oneD. what27. What a table! I’ve never seen such a thing before. It’s ____ it is long.A. half as wide asB. wide not as half asC. as half wide asD. as wide as not half28. The staff ________ chatting cheerfully during the coffee break when the manager came in.A. wasB. wereC. have beenD. has been29. I was assured by the doctor that my son only had a bad cold, and nothingwas serious. I ____ about it.A. don’t have to worryB. didn’t need worryC. needn’t have worriedD. needed not worry30. The light is on. Mother must be cooking in the kitchen now, _____?A. is sheB. isn’t sheC. must sheD. mustn’t she31. – Has your father returned from Africa yet?-- Yes, but he _____ here for only 3 days before his company sent him to Australia..A. wasB. has beenC. will beD. would be32. AIDS is said ______ the biggest health threat to both men and women in that area over the past few years.A. beingB. to beC. to have beenD. to being33. When the sailor came into the café, I noticed a surprised look _____ over the waitress’ face although she didn’t say anything.A. comeB. to comeC. has comeD. to have come34. _____ many times, but he still couldn’t understand it.A. Having been toldB. Though toldC. He was toldD. Having told35. He dashed out of the office after receiving a message, _____ them wondering what happened to him.A. leftB. to leaveC. leavingD. having left36. Nobody believed his reason for being absent from the class _____ he had to meet his uncle at the airport.A. whyB. thatC. whereD. because37. Those shoes look very good. I wonder _____.A. how much cost they areB. how much do they costC. how much are they costD. how much they cost38. I’ll give you my friend’s home address, _____ I can be reached most evenings.A. whichB. whenC. whomD. where39. Light and sound are particularly significant _____ they provide us with best means of personal communication by sight and hearing.A. in thatB. thoughC. so thatD. as long as40. What was the plan that the employer thought of ______ the employees?A. punishB. to punishC. punishingD. to have punished Section BSunday is more like Monday than it used to be. Places of business that used to keep daytime “business hours” are now open late into the night. And on the Internet, the hour of the day and the day of the week have become irrelevant. A half century ago in the United States, most people experienced strong and precise dividing lines between days of rest and days of work, school time and summer time. Today the boundaries still 41__, but they seem not clear.The law in almost all states used to require stores to close on Sunday; in most, it no longer _42__ . It used to keep the schools open in all seasons except summer; in most, it still does. And whether the work week should strengthen its legal limits, or whether it should become more 43__ is often debated. How should we, as a society, organize our time? Should we go even further in 44__ the boundaries of time until we live in a world in which every minute is much like every other?These are not easy questions even to ask. Part of the difficulty is that we45__ recognize the “law of time”even when we meet it face to face. We knowas children that we have to attend school a certain number of hours, a certain number of days, a certain number of years — but unless we meet the truant officer(学监), we may well think that we should go to school due to social 46__ and parents’ demand rather to the law. As adults we are familiar with “extra pay for overtime working.”but less familiar with the fact that what constitutes “overtime”is a matter of legal __47__. When we turn the clock 48__ to start daylight-saving time, have we ever thought to ourselves, “Hereis the law in action?”As we shall see, there is a lot of law that has great influence on how to organize and use time: compulsory education law, __49__ law, and daylight-saving law –- as well as law about Sunday closing, holidays, being late to work, time zones, and so on. Once we begin to look for it, we will have no trouble finding a law of time to examine and access.III. Reading comprehensionSection ATeachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes that young adults experience. And they also need to give serious____50___ to how they can be best adapted to such changes. Growing bodies need movement and ____51___, but not just in ways that emphasize competition.___52___ they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially self-conscious and need the ____53___ that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are ___54___ by others. However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition thatit would be ___55____ to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers, ____56____ , publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews, ____57___ student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs.A variety of small clubs can provide multiple opportunities for leadership, as well as for practice in successful ___58___ dynamics（互动）. Making friends is extremely important to teenagers, and many shy students need the ___59____ of some kind of organization with a supportive adult ____60____ visible in the background.In these activities, it is important to remember that the young teens have ___61____ attention spans (持续时间). A variety of activities should be organized ___62___ participants can remain active as long as they want and then go on to something else without feeling guilty and without letting the other participants down . This does not mean that adults must accept irresponsibility. ____63___ they can help students acquire a sense of commitment by ____64___ for roles that are within their capability and their attention spans and by having clearly stated rules.50. A. thought B. idea C. opinion D. advice51. A. care B. nutrition C. exercise D. leisure52. A. If B. Although C. Unless D. Because53. A. assistance B. guidance C. confidence D. tolerance54. A. claimed B. admired C. ignored D. overtaken55. A. improper B. risky C. fair D. wise56. A. in effect B. as a result C. for example D. in a sense57. A. displaying B. describing C. creating D. exchanging58. A. group B. individual C. personnel D. corporation59. A. promise B. insurance C. admission D. security60. A. particularly B. barely C. definitely D. frequently61. A. similar B. long C. different D. short62. A. if only B. now that C. so that D. even if63. A. On the contrary B. On the whole C. On the average D. On the other hand64. A. making B. standing C. planning D. takingSection BAIf you want to stay young, sit down and have a good think. This is the research finding of a team of Japanese doctors, who say that most of our brains are not getting enough exercise----and as a result, we are getting old unnecessarily soon.Professor Taiju Matsuzawa wanted to find out why otherwise healthy farmers in northern Japan appeared to be losing their ability to think and reason at a relatively early age, and how the process of aging should be slowed down. With a team of colleagues at Tokyo National University, he set about measuring brain volumes of a thousand people of different ages and varying occupations. Computer technology enabled the researchers to obtain precise measurements of the volume of the front and side sections of the brain, which relate to intellect and emotion, and determine the human character. The rear section of brain, which controls functions like eating and breathing， does not contract with age, and one can continue living without intellectual or emotional faculties.Contraction of front and side parts as cells die off was observed in some subjects in their thirties, but it was still not evident in some sixty andseventy-year-olds. Those least at risk, says Matsuzawa, are lawyers,followed by university professors and doctors. White collar workers doingroutine work in government offices are, however, as likely to have shrinkingbrains as farm workers, bus drivers and shop assistants.Matsuzawa’s findings show that thinking can prevent the brain from shrinking.Blood must circulate properly in the head to supply the fresh oxygen the braincells need. “The best way to maintain good blood circulation is through usingthe brain,” he says,“ Think hard and engage in conversation. Don’t relyon pocket calculators.”65. The team of doctors wanted to find out _ ___.A. why certain people age sooner than othersB. how to make peoplelive longerC. the sizes of certain people’s brainsD. which people aremost intelligent66. On what are their research finding based?A. A survey of farmers in northern Japan.B. Tests performed on a thousand old people.C. The study of brain volumes of different people.D. The latest development of computer technology.67. The doctor’s test shows that _ ___.A. our brains shrink as we grow oldB. the front section of the brain does not shrinkC. sixty-year-olds have better brains than thirty-year oldsD. brain contraction may vary among people of the same age68. The underlined word “subjects”in Paragraph 5 means ___ _.A. something to be consideredB. branches of knowledge studiedC. persons chosen to be studied in an experimentD. any member of a state except the supreme ruler（B）King’s College Summer SchoolKing’s College Summer School is an annual training program for high school students at all levels who want to improve their English. Courses are given by the teachers of King’s College and other colleges in New York. Trips to museums and culture centers are also organized. This year’s summer school will be from July 25 to August 15.More information is as follows:69. Which of the following is true about King’s College Summer School? A．Only top students can take part in the program．B．King’s College Summer School is run every other year．C．Visits to museums and culture centers are part of the program．D．Only the teacher of King’s College give courses．70．If you are to live with your relatives in New York, you will have to pay the school _______．A．$200 B．$400 C．$500 D．$90071．What information can you get from the text?A．The program will last two months.B．You can write to Thompson only in EnglishC．As a Chinese student, you can send your application on July 14, 2020 D．You can get in touch with the school by E-mail or by telephone.( C )Sex prejudices are based on and justified by the ideology (思想体系；思想意识) that biology is destiny. According to this ideology, basic biological and psychological differences exist between the sexes. These differences require each sex to play a separate role in social life. Women are the weaker sex both physically and emotionally. Thus, they are naturally suited much more so than men, to the performance of domestic duties. A woman’s place, under normal circumstances, is within the protective environment of the home. Nature has determined that women play care-taker roles, such as wife and mother and homemaker. On the other hand men are best suited to go out into the competitive world of work and politics, where serious responsibilities must be taken on. Men are to be the providers; women and children are “dependents”.The ideology also holds that women who wish to work outside the household should naturally fill these jobs that are in line with the special capabilities of their sex. It is thus appropriate for women, not men, to be employed as nurses, social workers, elementary school teachers, household helpers, and clerks and secretaries. These positions are simply an extension of women’s domestic role. Informal distinctions between “women’s work”and “men’s work”in the labor force, according to the ideology, are simply a functional reflection of the basic differences between the sexes. Finally, the ideology suggests that nature has worked her will in another significant way. For the human species to survive over time, its members must regularly reproduce. Thus, women must, whether at home or in the labor force, make the most of their physical appearance. So goes the ideology. It is, of course, not true that basic biological and psychological differences between the sexes require each to play sex-defined roles in social life. There isenough evidence that sex roles vary from society to society, and those role differences that do exist are largely learned.But to the degree people actually believe that biology is destiny and that nature intended for men and women to make different contributions to society sex-defined roles will be seen as totally acceptable.72. Women’s place, some people think, is the protective environment of the home because _____.A. women can provide better care for the childrenB. women are too weak to do any agricultural work at allC. women are biologically suited to domestic jobsD. women can not compete with men in any field73. According to the author, sex roles ________.A. are socially determinedB. are emotionally and physically determinedC. can only be determined by what education people takeD. are biologically and psychologically determined74. The author points out that the assignments of women’s roles in work. _________.A. are determined by what they are better suited toB. grow out of their position inside the homeC. reflect a basic difference between men and womenD. are suitable to them, but not to men75. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. The division of sex-defined roles is completely unacceptable.B. Women’s roles in work are too limited at present.C. In one society, men might perform what is considered women’s dutiesby another.D. Some of the women’s roles in domestic duties can not be taken over by men.Section CMaybe you are an average student with an average intellect. You probably think you will never be a top student. This is not necessarily so, however. Anyone can become a better scholar if he or she wants to.____76______When you plan your week, you should make a list of things that you have to do. Be sure to set aside enough time to complete the work that you are normally assigned each week. Of course, studying shouldn’t occupy all of your free time. Don’t forget to set aside enough time for entertainment, hobbies andrelaxation.____77_______Look around the house for a good study area. Keep this space, which may be a desk or simply a corner of your room, free of everything but study materials. No radio or television! When you sit down to work, concentrate on the subject! _____78________Look a passage over quickly but thoroughly before you begin to read it more carefully. Scanning a passage lets you preview the material and get a general idea of the content. Scanning will help you double your reading speed and improve your comprehension._____79_______Take advantage of class time to listen to everything the teacher says. Really listening in class means less work later. Taking notes will help you remember what the teacher says.______80__________When you get home from class, go over our notes. Review the important points that your teacher mentioned in class. If you do it regularly, the material will become more meaningful, and you will remember it longer.Section DWould–be language teachers everywhere have one thing in common: they all want some recognition of their professional status and skills, and a job. The former requirement is obviously important on a personal level, but it is vital if you are to have any chance of finding work.Ten years ago, the situation was very different. In virtually every developing country and in many developed countries as well, being a nativeEnglish speaker was enough to get you employed as an English teacher. Now employers will only look at teachers who have the knowledge, the skills and attitudes to teach English effectively. The result of this has been to raise non-native English teachers to the same status as their native counterparts （相对应的人）--- something they have always deserved but seldom enjoyed. Non-natives are now happy --- linguistic discrimination （语言上的歧视） is a thing of the past.An ongoing research project, funded by the University of Cambridge, asked a sample of teachers, teacher educators and employers in more than 40 countries whether they regard the native/ non-native speakers distinction as being at all important. “No”was the answer. As long as candidates could teach and had the required level of English, it didn’t matter who they were and where they came from. Thus, a new form of discrimination --- this time justified because it singled out the unqualified --- liberated the linguistically oppressed （受压迫的）. But the Cambridge project did more than just that: it confirmed that the needs of native and non-native teachers are extremely similar.(Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN FIFTEEN WORDS)81. The selection of English teachers used to be mainly based on _____________________.82. What did non-native English teachers deserve but seldom enjoy?83. What kind of people can now find a job as an English teacher?84. The phrase “the linguistically oppressed” (Line 6 Para.4) refers to those who were ________________.第Ⅱ卷 (共45分)Ⅰ. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.你千万不要灰心，要从错误中吸取教训。