学术综合英语Unit3

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学术英语(第二版)综合教师手册unit3

Unit 3 Business EthicsI Teaching ObjectivesAfter learning Unit 3, students (Ss) are expected to develop the following academic skills and knowledge:II Teaching Activities and ResourcesReadingText ALead-inTeaching StepsAsk Ss to work in groups and complete the task in Lead-in. Then choose some groups to share their answers with the whole class.Answer Keys (Suggested Answers)1.Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) can be defined as a self-regulatingbusiness model that helps a company be socially accountable —to itself, its stakeholders, and the public. In other words, it is the continuing commitment by business to behave ethically and contribute to economic development while improving the quality of life of the workforce and their families as well as of the local community and society at large.2.Text AnalysisTeaching Steps1.OverviewAsk Ss to preview Text A before class. Or, allocate some time for Ss to read the text quickly in class. Then invite several Ss to summarize the main idea of Text A.2.In-Depth Analysis1)Show Ss the following words and ask them to contribute to the class as muchas possible with what they know about these words. Provide additional information in Supplementary Information when necessary.•economic system•free enterprise2)Explain some important language points in Language Support to Ss.3)Discuss with Ss the features of the two versions of Adam Smith’s theory bydoing Task 1 in Critical reading and thinking.4)Organize a group discussion about the questions from Task 2 in Criticalreading and thinking. Encourage Ss to think independently, critically and creatively and share their ideas with each other.Supplementary Information1.economic systemAn economic system is a system for producing, distributing and consuming goods and services, including the combination of the various institutions, agencies, consumers, entities that comprise the economic structure of a given society or community. It also includes how these various agencies and institutions are linked to one another, how information goes between them, and the social relations within the system.Two of the basic and general economic systems are market economy and planned economy. Market economy is an economic system in which businesses and individuals decide what to produce and buy, and the market determines quantities sold and prices, whereas planned economy is an economic system in which decisions regarding production and investment are embodied in a plan formulated by a central authority, usually by a public body such as a government agency.Although a planned economy may be based on either centralized or decentralized forms of economic planning, it usually refers to a centrally planned economy.2.free enterpriseFree enterprise refers to the system of business in which individuals are free to decide what to produce, how to produce, and at what price to sell.Language Support1.Most academics today subscribe to the following modified version of AdamSmith’s theory:…(Para. 2)In the text, the phrase “subscribe to”means “agreeing with or supporting (an opinion, theory, etc.)”（同意；赞成）.e.g. I subscribe to the idea that voting is my civic duty.She subscribes to the theory that some dinosaurs were warm-blooded andothers were cold-blooded.It can also refer to “paying money to get (a publication or service) regularly”（订阅）.e.g. I subscribe to several magazines.We have subscribed to an evening newspaper.2.These constraints take a number of different forms. …Another set ofconstraints …(Para. 3)Two recent examples dramatically illustrate these points. First, …(Para. 3) Classification is employed to organize things into categories with a single organizing principle, and give examples of things that fit into each category. Here are other commonly-used words and expressions for classification:•The first (kind/type/group/class/etc.) …; the second …; the third …•sort, classify, categorize …•category, group, class, kind …3.Saving the financial system required a bailout of the banks and otherfinancial companies, and that bailout imposed huge costs on the taxpayers, and also helped push the economy into a deep recession. (Para. 5)impose sth. on sb.:i) force something on someone把......强加于e.g. He always imposes his opinion on others.ii) levy a tax or duty征税e.g. It is therefore necessary for governments to impose a higher tax on this kindof food.Here is another usage of the word “impose”:impose on sb.:i) force oneself on others强加于人e.g. Thanks for your offer to help, but I did not want to impose on you.ii) take unfair advantage of 利用e.g. Don’t you think you are imposing on your neighbor when you use histelephone for half an hour?4.be true to one’He is always true to his word and focused on the big picture.Ninety days later, true to his word, the goldsmith brought the crown.5.To date, Buffett has contributed more than $6 billion, and over time he isscheduled to contribute additional stock that is now worth in excess of $40 billion. (Para. 7)in excess of: greater than, more than 超过e.g. Luggage in excess of 100 kg will be charged extra.This plane can reach speeds in excess of 1000 kilometers an hour.Answer KeysCritical reading and thinkingTask 1 / Overview1The original version：The invisible hand; Profit maximization; Free enterprise systemThe modified version:the wealth of its stockholders; the best economic system; constraints2Argument 11) a wide range of regulations are imposed2) assessing costs on companies; BP oil spillArgument 21) behave ethically; value and reputation2) Don’t Be Evil3) creative capitalism4) contributed more than $6 billionTask 2 / Points for discussion (Suggested Answers)11) Yes, I agree. Because:• Earning profit is the main aim of every economic activity. A business is an economic activity and hence, its main aim should be to earn profit.• Profit is a measure of eff iciency and economic prosperity of the business. This justifies the concept of profit maximization.• Economic conditions do not remain the same all the time. A business can retain its profit so that it can survive the adverse situations in the future. Profit gives protection against future risks and uncertainties.• Profit is the main source of finance for growth and expansion. Profit is essential for the business in order to invest in new business propositions.• Profitability is essential for fulfilling the social goals of the business. With profit maximization a business can do socio-economic welfare and follow its policies of corporate social responsibility.2) No, I don’t agree. Because:Business should do anything they can to make a profit, but never at the cost of human welfare and natural environment. Human welfare must be considered as important as profit making. A business is successful to the extent that it provides a product that contributes to happiness in all forms. As a matter of fact, the great value of a business should be morally associated with consumer’s satisfaction and safety. On the other hand, businesses of great value should not be blind to their moral obligations of protecting the natural environment.2 Yes, it is a very effective way for society to impose such regulations to prevent companies from engaging in practices that hurt society. For most businesses their ultimate goal is to make profits. It is true that most businessmen try to abide by the laws while making profits. However we have to admit that there are some who use every means to make as much money as possible, even regardless of the interests ofemployees, communities, and environment. Therefore, the regulations such as penalties and suspension for internal rectification should be imposed to deter companies from unlawful practices.3 Yes, having a good reputation with customers, suppliers, employees and regulators is essential if value is to be maximized. Business success is associated with many entities, such as customers, suppliers, employees and regulators. If customers are satisfied with your products and service, they will be loyal to your company. If suppliers provide you with qualified products, your business will operate well. If employees are treated well, they will work very hard and are willing to be part of your company. If regulators are certain that your company acts fairly and follows rules, your company will develop sustainably. All above depends on whether the business is continually operating with society’s interests in mind and maintaining a good reputation.Language building-upAnswer keysTask 1 / Specialized vocabulary11 纳税人2 自由企业制度3 股东4 经济体制5 市场力量；市场调节作用6 金融机构7 stock price 8 mission9 corporate motto 10 assets11 profit maximization 12 financial system21 financial institutions2 free enterprise system3 assets4 Taxpayers5 stockholder6 profit maximization7 economic system 8 market forcesTask 2 / Academic vocabulary1. principal2. dramatically3. academics4. maximization5. framework6. range7. compensate 8. transfer9. inadequate 10. constraintsTask 3 / Collocations1. subscribe to2. striving to3. imposing …on4. go out of business5. as a whole6. engaged in7. go hand in hand with 8. in excess ofTask 4 / Formal English1 insights2 subscribe to3 imposes4 adverse5 mission6 philanthropic7 donated 8 famedTranslation of Text A达到适当的平衡在1776年，亚当·斯密描述了一只“看不见的手”是如何引导企业追求利润的，而这只手会引导企业做出有利于社会的决策。

新核心综合学术英语教程Unit3

of the agreement;
• Combat means the act of fighting, any contest or struggle.
翻译：尽管，对于二者在预防疾病和抵制肥胖上的实际作用，
人们的观点是持平的，或者，即使有差别也不是很大，但如果有人认为二者均有可能会帮助治愈疾病，这也是合理的。
Language Points
2. They were seen as appropriate if they had potential to help cure diseases, although the average levels of agreement that GM or organic foods are in fact useful in preventing disease or combating obesity were neutral and were not different from one another. (L28-31, para. E)
• if leads an adverbial clause of condition;
• although leads an adverbial clause of concession; • that clause is an appositive clause, describing the contents
我同意发言者对所做的事加以谴责。 • Wealth and happiness do not always concur. （同时发生）
财富与幸福并非总是并存的.
5. refute（L48, para. H）vt.否认真实性；驳斥，批驳（观点、指责或理论） If you refute an argument, accusation, or theory, you prove that it is wrong or untrue.

英语综合教程unit3词汇学习

Unit 3Words and Expressions1. (Para.1) many a: (formal)a large number of people or thingsMany a strong man has weakened before such a challenge.Many a famous pop star has been ruined by drugs.N. B.注意该词组应与单数名词、单数动词连用。

2. (Para. 2) reward:1. n.1) sth. that you get because you have done sth. good or helpful orhave worked hardHe received a medal in reward for his bravery.2) money that is offered to people for helping the police to solve acrime or catch a criminalA $1000 reward has been offered for the return of the stolenpainting.2.v.give sth. to sb. because they have done sth. good or helpful orhave worked for it（声音文件reward）(=Is this how you reward me for my help?)She rewarded him with a smile.CF: reward, award & honor这三个词都是名词，都有“奖赏”、“奖励”之意。

reward意为“报答”、“奖赏”、“酬金”，侧重指因为付出而应得的报酬，如对做好事或者努力工作的报答，也可以指对帮助寻回失物或缉拿犯人等而给予的酬金。

(完整word版)学术综合英语英语填空题翻译Unit3

Unit3 TrafficVocabulary Development [P80-81]A：1.They asked him to leave。

In other words，he was fired。

他们让他离开。

换句话说,他被解雇了。

2.The United Nations troops enforced a ceasefire in this area.联合国军队在这片区域实行了停火。

“实行”修改成“执行”，“停火”修改成“停火协议”联合国军队在这片区域执行停火协议.3.The amount will be paid to everyone regardless of whether they have children ornot。

无论他们是否有孩子，金额都将支付给每个人.“金额无法支付"无论他们是否有孩子，支付给每个人的金额是相同的。

4.Your paper does not address the real issues。

你的论文没有解决主要的问题。

5.How many vehicles were involved in the crash yesterday？昨天的车祸有多少辆车相撞。

“相撞"修改成“涉及”昨天的事故涉及多少辆车。

6.She felt an anxiety bordering on hysteria。

她感到焦虑接近歇斯底里的状态.7.The new technology can be applied to farming.新的技术能够应用于农业。

8.What do these results suggest to you?你对这些结果有什么意见？“意见”修改成“建议”这些结果对你有怎样的建议？9.He has six previous convictions for theft and burglary。

他有六个前科有关于偷盗和入室抢劫的前科.删除了结尾的前科（重复的名词）他有六个前科有关于偷盗和入室抢劫.10.We’ll send you the copy as soon as it becomes available。

新核心综合学术英语教程 4 Unit 3 参考答案

Focusing on ReadingTask 11.G2. E3. C4. F5. A6. D7.J8. B9.L10.H 11. N 12. M 13. Q 14.K 15. I 16.R 17.O 18.PTask 21)The reasons are as follows”Firstly, students sometimes view academic dishonesty as a normal incidence and something ordinary. There are many reasons that they use to justify their cheating.Secondly, new techniques of cheating have been developed, including the use of high-tech tools, although the old ones are still dominant on campus, which makes it even more difficult for the faculty to identify.Thirdly, it is a common view to equate grades with the value of the student. Furthermore, grades are used to predict one’s future success. So some students tend to practice academic dishonesty with the aim of getting higher grades.Fourthly, little is known about the degree of academic dishonesty and no methods are devised to combat the problem. Besides, there are no strategies for deterring academic dishonesty for the faculty.Fifthly, honor codes are essential to reducing the level of cheating in colleges and should be established. However, their importance has been neglected.Last but not least, academic dishonesty is no longer a task of classroom management that can well be remedied by a single faulty with teaching responsibility. Administrators and professional organizations are expected to work together to maintain a healthy learning environment with a high level of trust between the faculty and the administration.2)Old techniques include bringing notes to class and having information written on water bottles,pens and gum wrappers. New techniques of cheating include using cell phones to get the information, communicate with others outside the exam room to obtain answers and searching answers on the web during an exam.Other forms include copying test responses from a classmate, taking exams for other people, failure to cite other people’s work, and purchasing research papers and presenting them as his/her work. Also actions such as breaking into the office or teachers files to access the test or answer key, sabotaging peers ongoing work or gaining illegal access to school computers to change official grades are all forms of academic dishonesty. (B)3)There are many reasons that students use to justify cheating: lack of time, poverty, uncaringinstructors, laziness, peer pressure, poor rile models, fear of failure and technology that has allowed cheating to be done easily. (C)Besides, research shows that a common view equates grades with the value of the student.Secondly, grades are used to predict one’s future success. This may cause the students to practice academic dishonesty.4)Studies show that honor codes were essential to reducing the level of cheating in colleges.Honor codes would be more successful when they were combined with a climate that emphasized the importance of academic integrity and an honor system that allowed for strong student involvement in the enforcement of academic integrity initiatives. Therefore, the administration should strive in the creation of the campus environment, seek the full support of all the college constituents, and ensure the implementation of the honor codes at theinstitution. (N)5)Academic fraternity means “all the people who work in academia.”It can stress integrity as a core institutional value that will shape the students’academic success.Task 31. a2. j3. W4. m5. k6. o7. v8. x9.n 10.b 11. u 12.y 13.d14. i 15. f 16. z 17. t 18.p 19. S 20. q 21. e 22. g 23. c 24. h 25. l 26. rTask 51)Another kind of academic dishonesty happens sometimes among researchers when they yieldto the temptation of making a series of great discoveries. So they invent false information to deceive others, and then publish them.2)Bouville(2010) held that the major reason for the students to avoid academic dishonesty wasto obey the rules and escape punishment. Cheaters may get high grades which they do not deserve, and this unfair advantage will tempt them to continue with this fraudulent behaviour.3)Third, in each department there should be experienced faculty members, acting as academicintegrity chairmen, who are responsible for contacting and offering help to their fellow colleagues. Lastly, for faculty members who have tackled the cases of academic dishonesty well, public thanks and admiration should be given to them for what they have done.Task 6Main idea: Students developed new techniques of cheating, while the old ones are still dominant on campus.Task 7In the area of education, academic dishonesty is a chronic problem. Students have developed new techniques of cheating, while the old ones are still dominant on campus. Cheaters follow dishonest practices because of many reasons. Prevention of academic dishonesty demands joint efforts from students, teachers and administrators, of which the students’ contribution is vital for they are the ones to be subjected to the penalties. For the teachers, they can adopt four strategies to maintain academic integrity and meanwhile make efforts to motivate the students. For the administrators, they should strive in the creation of a healthy academic climate and ensure the implementation of the honor codes.Task 8(omitted)Task 9(omitted)Task 10Academic DishonestyAcademic dishonesty occurs when a student uses or attempts to use unauthorized information in the taking of an exam; or submits as his or her own work themes, reports, drawings, laboratory notes, or other products prepared by another person; or knowingly assists another student in such acts or plagiarism. Such behavior is abhorrent to the university, and students found responsible for academic dishonesty face expulsion, suspension, conduct probation, or reprimand. Instances of academic dishonesty ultimately affect all students and the entire university community by degrading the value of diplomas when some are obtained dishonestly, and by lowering the grades of students working honestly.Examples of specific acts of academic dishonesty include but are not limited to:a) Obtaining unauthorized information. Information is obtained dishonestly, for example, bycopying graded homework assignments from another student, by working with another student on a take-home test or homework when not specifically permitted to do so by the instructor, or by looking at your notes or other written work during an examination when not specifically permitted to do so.b) Tendering of information. Students may not give or sell their work to another person who plans to submit it as his or her own. This includes giving their work to another student to be copied, giving someone answers to exam questions during the exam, taking an exam and discussing its contents with students who will be taking the same exam, or giving or selling a term paper to another student.c) Misrepresentation. Students misrepresent their work by handing in the work of someone else. The following are examples: purchasing a paper from a term paper service; reproducing another person’s paper (even with modifications) and submitting it as their own; having another studentdo their computer program or having someone else take their exam.d) Bribery. Offering money or any item or service to a faculty member or any other person to gain academic advantage for yourself or another is dishonest.e) Plagiarism. Unacknowledged use of the information, ideas, or phrasing of other writers is an offense comparable with theft and fraud, and it is so recognized by the copyright and patent laws. Literary offenses of this kind are known as plagiarism.One is responsible for plagiarism when: the exact words of another writer are used without using quotation marks and indicating the source of the words; the words of another are summarized or paraphrased without giving the credit that is due; the ideas from another writer are borrowed without properly documenting their source.Acknowledging the sources of borrowed material is a simple, straightforward procedure that will strengthen the paper and assure the integrity of the wri ter. The Student’s Guide to English 104 —105, provides guidelines to aid students in documenting material borrowed from other sources, as does almost every handbook on writing style.Academic dishonesty is considered to be a violation of the behavior expected of a student in an academic setting as well as a student conduct violation. A student found responsible for academic dishonesty or academic misconduct is therefore subject to the appropriate academic penalty; to be determined by the instructor of the course, as well as sanctions under the university Student Disciplinary Regulations.If an instructor believes that a student has behaved dishonestly in a course, the following steps are to be followed:1. The instructor should confront the student with the charge of dishonesty and arrange a meetingwith the student to discuss the charge and to hear the student’s explanation.2. If the student admits responsibility for academic misconduct, the instructor shall inform the student (a) of the grade on the work in which the dishonesty occurred, and (b) how this incident will affect subsequent evaluation and the final grade. Because academic dishonesty is also a student conduct violation under Section 4.2.1 of the Student Disciplinary Regulations, the instructor must report the incident in writing to the Dean of Students.After investigating the incident and discussing it with the instructor, the Dean of Students, or his/her designee, will meet with the student and depending on the severity of the offense as well as on the student’s past conduct record, may handle the matter through an administrative hearing or schedule a hearing before the All University Judiciary (AUJ).This hearing, conducted according to the procedures outlined in the Student Disciplinary Regulations, is to determine the disciplinary action to be taken. In any case, the student’s academic adviser will be informed of the incident but may not insert any record of it in the student’s academic file.3. If the student claims to be not responsible for the alleged violation of academic misconduct, the instructor may not assign the student a grade for the work in question until the question of responsibility is resolved, unless circumstances require that an interim grade be assigned. The instructor shall consult with his or her department chair and report the incident in writing to the Dean of Students.The Dean of Students will refer the case to the Office of Judicial Affairs for investigation. After reviewing the report and completing an investigation, the Office of Judicial Affairs will file aformal complaint against the student if it is determined that there is cause to believe academic misconduct occurred. The case may be adjudicated through an administrative hearing or referred to a hearing before the All University Judiciary (AUJ) depending on the nature and severity of the violation as set forth in the Student Disciplinary Regulations.If the case is referred to the AUJ both the student and instructor will be invited to attend an AUJ hearing and present pertinent information. If the Administrative Hearing Off icer (in a minor case) or the AUJ (in a major case) finds the student responsible for the charge of academic misconduct, the instructor will inform the student (a) of the grade on the work in which the dishonesty occurred, and (b) how this incident will affect subsequent evaluation and the final grade. The Administrative Hearing Officer or AUJ will determine the appropriate disciplinary action with respect to the nature of the violation.If the Administrative Hearing Officer or AUJ finds the student “not responsible” for academic misconduct, the instructor will grade the student accordingly on the work in question and the student’s grade in the course will not be adversely affected. If th e student is found responsible the student’s adviser will be informed of the decision but shall not insert any record of the action in the student’s academic file.4. If a student either admits dishonest behavior or is found responsible for academic misconduct by the AUJ, the Off ice of Judicial Affairs (OJA) or AUJ may impose any of the following sanctions:a) Disciplinary Reprimand: An official written notice to the student that his/her conduct is in violation of university rules and regulations.b) Conduct Probation: A more severe sanction than a disciplinary reprimand, to include a period of review and observation during which the student must demonstrate the ability to comply with university rules, regulations, and other requirements stipulated for the probation period.c) Suspension/Deferred Suspension: The suspension is deferred subject to a definite or indefinite period of observation and review. If a student is found responsible for a further violation of the university Student Disciplinary Regulations or an order of a judiciary body, suspension will take place immediately.Def i niteThe student is dropped from the university for a specific length of time. This suspension cannot be for less than one semester or more than two years.Indef i nite:The Student is dropped from the university indefinitely. Reinstatement may be contingent upon meeting the written requirements of the AUJ specified at the time the sanction was imposed. Normally, a student who is suspended indefinitely may not be reinstated for a minimum of two years.d) Expulsion: The student is permanently deprived of the opportunity to continue at the university in any status.5. A student accused of academic misconduct has the option to stay in the class or to drop the class if the drop is made within the approved time periods and according to the regulations established by the university. If the student chooses to drop the class, the student will be required to sign a statement of understanding that if the student is later found responsible for academic misconduct, then the student will receive an F for the course.6. Procedures for appeal of either the All University Judi ciary’s conduct decision or theinstructor’s grade are outlined in the Student Information Handbook.7. In instances in which the student admits responsibility or is judged to be responsible by OJA or the AUJ, a staff member of the Dean of Students Off ice will counsel the student in an effort to deter any further such incidents.8. Student records concerning academic dishonesty are maintained in the Dean of Students Office for a period of seven years, after which the file records are purged. These student records are confidential; nothing from them appears on a student’s academic transcript.9. In the event that an instructor is uncertain how to handle an incident of suspected academic dishonesty, the Dean of Students is available at any time to provide advice and assistance to the instructor in deciding a proper course of action to be taken.10. Students enrolled in the College of Veterinary Medicine are bound by an honor code. A chargeof academic dishonesty may be made by a student or instructor to the Interclass Honor Board chairperson according to the procedures outlined in the Honor Code, or the instructor may follow procedures outlined above. The Interclass Honor Board functions as the judiciary of the College of Veterinary Medicine for the allegations presented to it.Other violations related to academic misconduct may include subsection 4.1.11 Misuse of Computers and subsection 4.2.20 Unauthorized Sale of Others’Intellectual Works.These subsections are located in the Iowa State University Student Disciplinary Regulations under section 4 of the Conduct Code.</~catalog/2005-07/geninfo/dishonesty.html>Short reportAcademic dishonesty occurs when a student uses or attempts to use unauthorized information in the taking of an exam; or submits as his or her own work themes, reports, drawings, laboratory notes, or other products prepared by another person; or knowingly assists another student in such acts or plagiarism. Such behavior is abhorrent to the university, and students found responsible for academic dishonesty face expulsion, suspension, conduct probation, or reprimand. Instances of academic dishonesty ultimately affect all students and the entire university community by degrading the value of diplomas when some are obtained dishonestly, and by lowering the grades of students working honestly.Examples of specific acts of academic dishonesty include obtaining unauthorized information, tendering of information, misrepresentation, bribery, plagiarism, etc. Academic dishonesty is considered to be a violation of the behavior expected of a student in an academic setting as well as a student conduct violation.In Iowa State University, a student found responsible for academic dishonesty or academic misconduct is therefore subject to appropriate academic penalty or to be determined by the instructor of the course, as well as sanctions under the university Student Disciplinary Regulations. If an instructor believes that a student has behaved dishonestly in a course, ten steps are to be followed to handle the problem. The case of Iowa State UniversityResearch Paper WritingTask 1Background part:The introductionObjective:To give an overview of various forms of academic dishonesty, student responses to academic dishonesty when it occurs and the measures taken by the faculty and institutional administrator to prevent its occurrence in their institutions.Synthesis of different views on a particular field: For example, in the section “Forms of Academic Dishonesty,” in Para. B, there are opinions of both Jonson and Martin (2005) and Petress (2003), which are organized by transitional words, such as “Petress noted of other forms of academic dishonesty ...”Similarities or differences of outside sources:For example, in the section “Faculty and Academic Dishonesty”, when it comes to what the faculty should do to reduce academic dishonesty, there are various opinions from Para J to L. Perress (2003) holds that they should set role models for the students and implement the measures that will help prevent academic dishonesty. Whitley and Keith-Spiegel believe that they should be encouraged to form a statement concerning academic integrity in their syllabi and to discuss integrity concerns in their classrooms. Kibler notes four strategies to help the faculty to implement academic integrity. Cole and Kiss suggest that more efforts should be made to motivate the students by the teachers.Task 2a. The forms of cheating.Text 3 deals with students’ new and old techniques of cheating, together with researchers’ practices of academic dishonesty.Reading 1 focuses on academic dishonesty in online courses.Reading 1 gives more updated and reliable information.b. The reasons that students offer for their cheating.In Text 3 the reasons the students use to justify their cheating include: lack of time, poverty, uncaring instructors, laziness, peer pressure, poor role models, fear of failure and technology that has allowed cheating to be done easily. (Para. C)In Reading 1, the reasons are multifold because opinions vary. Some of the reasons are based on a student’s individual characteristics (Gerdeman 2001), some are relevant to peer inf luence or peers’acceptability of cheating (Stephens, 2007), while others have something to do with the existence of an honor code (McCabe, 2002). Meanwhile, there are other common reasons by Chiesl and Bunn, of which seeing other students cheat and the perception of the percentage of students who cheat are the most significant. (Para. I,J,K)Reading 1 gives more updated and reliable information.c. The definition of academic dishonesty.In Text 3, there is no specific definition of academic dishonesty.In Reading 1, the author believes that definitions of academic dishonesty across studies tend to be about the same. Using the scale of Don McCabe (2002), the author defines academic dishonesty from eight aspects. Other studies differentiate planned and panic cheating, e.g., Bunn, Caudill and Gropper (1992). In a comparative study of online versus on-ground academic dishonesty, Stuber- McEwen, Wisely, and Hoggat (2009) believe that there are seven forms. Stephens, Young, and Calabrese (2007) examined various forms of conventional and digital cheating. With regard toe-learning, Underwood (2003) and Rogers (2000) def ine the term respectively, while Howell et al (2009) reviews various forms of technological cheating. (Para.B, C, D, E, F, G)Reading 1Task 31) Serious and formal2) Angry and bitter3) Angry and ironical4) Angry and ironical5) Ironical6) Ironical7) Angry and ironical8) Angry9) Ironical10) Tranquil and formal11) Tranquil12) Tranquil and formal13) Formal and serious14) Formal and serious15) Expressing the speaker’s surprise and attitude against this16) Tranquil17) Expressing surprise, Ironical18) Appealing to the readers’ emotions by the use of questions, Ironical19) Appealing to the readers’ emotions by the use of questions, Angry and ironical20) “You” is used in the sentence to indicate people in general to appeal to their emotions, whichshortens the distance between the speaker and the readers21) Appealing to the readers’ emotions by the use of questions22) Appealing to the readers’ emotions by the use of facts and questions. Expressing the speaker’sdisagreementTask 41) Which one is a stand-alone literature review and which one is a literature review as a partof the paper?Text 3 and Reading 1: stand-alone literature reviewReading 2: literature review as a part of the paper2) What similarities and differences characterize the three papers in terms of writing style?Similarities: All of them follow almost the same pattern, i.e., introduction, body, and conclusion.Differences: Text 3 and reading 1 synthesize other people’s research and f indings to draw the conclusion, while Reading 2 uses the author’s own research and f indings. Therefore, in Reading 2 there is the part of “Methods”, which explains in detail the participants, materials, and design and procedure. The first-person narration is used to describe the process, which makes it less formal than the other two papers.3) What are the objectives of the three papers respectively?Text 3: To give an overview of various forms of academic dishonesty, student responses to academic dishonesty when it occurs and the measures taken by the faculty and institutional administrator to prevent its occurrence in their institutions.Reading 1: Examine perceptions of academic dishonesty in online and face-to-face courses, and discuss methods to reduce academic dishonesty in online courses.Reading 2: To investigate participants’ attitudes toward cheating and the effects of academic motivation, self-eff icacy, and academic integrity on cheating behaviors.4) How many aspects or sections do the two stand-alone literature review contain respectively?What are they?ThreeIntroduction, body, and conclusion5) Is the order of those aspects in each literature review logic al? And what’s the relationship?Yes.The literature review consists of three aspects: an introduction, a body, and a conclusion. The introduction part may tell the reason one is writing a review; the signif icance of the topic; the scope of the review; the organizational pattern of the review. The body will have a clear classif ication and synthesis of one’s reviewed readings in terms of chronological order or importance order. The conclusion should have a summary of the main agreements and disagreements in the literature and then any gaps or areas for further research. At last one’s overall perspective on the topic should be dealt with.6) How do the two authors illustrate their arguments in each section? Do they use their own research and f i ndings or synthesize other people’s research and f i ndings?By synthesizing other people’s research and f indings.No.Reading 2Task 51) indicate, is, identified, tend, will be2) predicted, was, have suggested, are, showed, appeared, were, wereTask 6A chimera is an individual composed of cells with different embryonic origins. The successful isolation of f ive human embryonic stem cell (HESC) lines in 1998 increased scientists’ ability to create human/non-human chimeras and prompted extensive bioethics discussion, resulting in what has been dubbed “the other stem cell debate” (Shreeve 2005). The debate about chimeras has focused on five main arguments. The Unnaturalness Argument explores the ethics of violatingnatural species boundaries. The Moral Confusion Argument alleges that the existence of entities that cannot be definitively classified as either human or non-human will cause moral confusion that will undermine valuable social and cultural practices. The Borderline-Personhood Argument focuses on great apes and concludes that their borderline-personhood confers a high enough degree of moral status to make most, if not all, chimeric research on them impermissible. The Human Dignity Argument claims that it is an affront to human dignity to give an individual “trapped” in the body of a non-human animal the capacities associated with human dignity. Finally, the Moral Status Framework maintains that research in which a non-human animal’s moral status is enhanced to that of a normal adult human is impermissible unless reasonable assurances are in place that its new moral status will be respected, which is unlikely given the motivations for chimeric research and the oversight likely to be provided.These arguments provide different rationales for restricting chimeric research and have different implications for the range of chimeric research that will be deemed unethical.</entries/chimeras/#Int>Task 71) Which sentences provide the background of the paper?Academic dishonesty is a problem that has been plaguing colleges and universities for generations. An investigation of any institution today will certainly reveal some forms of academic dishonesty.2) Which sentences form the literature review?Researchers of academic dishonesty vary in their reports of how many students cheat in college.3) What is the main limitation of the previous studies that the author mentioned?However, most research on academic dishonesty has relied primarily on self-reports of cheating behaviors.4) What’s the objective of the paper?The purpose of the study is to investigate participants’ attitudes toward cheating and the effects of academic motivation, self-efficacy, and academic integrity on cheating behaviors.5) What are the methods that the author will use?The present study includes an empirical portion in which participants are put in a situation in which cheating may be to their advantage.6) What is the author’s hypothesis?The hypothesis is that participants would be most likely to cheat when they are offered a monetary reward for success.Task 8Introduction 11) an introduction of the topic and its background2) a review about the previous studies3) the limitation of the previous studies4) a gap for the signif icance of the study5) the hypothesis of the author6) the objective of the paper7) the methodologyIntroduction 21) an introduction of the topic and its background2) a review about the previous studies and the limitation of the previous studies3) the limitation of the previous studiesTask 91) A2) B3) E4) C5) D6) FTask 10This paper details the strategies used for curbing academic dishonesty in online courses.Task 11Biologists have long known of patterns of inheritance, and eventually of inheritance mechanisms, that go beyond genetic inheritance (Jablonka & Lamb 2005; Sapp 1987). Two fundamental types of arguments led to this conclusion: arguments based on observations regarding patterns of inheritance, and arguments concerned with the localization of hereditary factors inside cells. Arguments of the first kind were based on hereditary relations and inheritance patterns that fail to conform to the rules ofMendelian inheritance (e.g., maternal inheritance). If Mendelian inheritance patterns are the result of the way the chromosomes in the eukaryotic cell nucleus behave, non-Mendelian heredity must depend on separate inheritance processes, mechanisms, or systems (Beale 1966; Sager 1966). Second, there were observations of hereditary phenomena that seemed to depend on factors residing in the cytoplasm of cells, rather than their nucleus, where the genetic material is localized. The interpretation of these observations was highly contested (Darlington 1944; Sapp 1987). Today, we know that some of these observations are related to the (maternal) inheritance of organelles residing in the cytoplasm, such as the mitochondria and chloroplasts, organelles which carry their own DNA. This however does not encompass all the mechanisms which underlie cytoplasmatic inheritance. Paradigmatic work on cytoplasmatic inheritance done by Sonneborn, Beale, Nanney, and their colleagues in the 1950s and 1960s, was concerned with patterns of inheritance in unicellular organisms, and in particular the protist genus Paramecium. It was suggested that the self-sustaining regulatory loops that maintain gene activity or inactivity in a cell would persist through cell division, provided the non-DNA components of the system (many of which reside in the cytoplasm in eukaryotic microogranisms) were shared among daughter cells. In this way, alternative regulatory phenotypic states would be inherited. Among the properties whose inheritance was studied were mating-type variations, serotype variations, and the structural or “surface inheritance” of ciliary structures. Remarkably, microsurgical changes to the ciliary structures on the surface of Paramecium cells are inherited by offspring. The stability of induced characters once the stimulus was removed (called “cellular memory”) and the number of generations characters were maintained varied widely.However, the results indicated that long-term stability and heritability need not be the result of changes to the DNA sequence (Nanney 1958).During the 1950s to 1970s a growing set of observations indicated that determined and differentiated states of cells are transmitted in cell lineages. These observations concerned studies of Drosophila imaginal discs by Ernst Hadorn; Briggs and King’s cloning experiments with amphibians; Mary Lyon’s work on X-chromosome inactivation; and work establishing the in vitro clonal stability of cultured cell lines. Eventually, the term epigenetic inheritance came to refer to hereditary variation that does not involve changes to the DNA sequence.The brief account of some of the early work on unicellular organisms given above illustrates some。

学术综合英语参考答案unit3

学术综合英语参考答案unit3学术综合英语参考答案Unit 3Part I: Vocabulary and Structure1. The correct answer is "innovative," which means introducing new ideas or methods.2. "Catalyst" refers to a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being consumed.3. The term "paradigm" is used to describe a set of concepts or principles that form a theoretical framework of a branch of knowledge.4. "Ecosystem" denotes a community of living and non-living components that interact with each other in a particular environment.5. "Ethical" concerns moral principles that dictate right and wrong behavior.6. "Sustainable" refers to development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.7. "Biodiversity" is the variety of life on Earth, encompassing all plants, animals, and microorganisms, their genetic variations, and the ecosystems they form.8. "Pollutant" is a substance that contaminates the environment, making it harmful or impure.9. "Conservation" is the preservation, protection, or restoration of the natural environment, ecosystems, vegetation, and wildlife.10. "Renewable" describes resources that can be replenished naturally and sustainably over time.Part II: Reading ComprehensionA. True or False Questions1. True. The passage states that the use of renewable energy sources can reduce reliance on fossil fuels.2. False. The text mentions that while renewable energy can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions, it does not completely eliminate them.3. True. The passage highlights the importance of researchand development in advancing renewable energy technologies.4. False. The text indicates that while renewable energy is abundant, it can be inconsistent, requiring storage solutions.5. True. The passage discusses the potential for renewable energy to create jobs and stimulate economic growth.B. Multiple Choice Questions1. C. The passage mentions that solar power is a clean and inexhaustible source of energy.2. B. The text explains that wind turbines convert windenergy into electricity.3. A. The passage states that hydroelectric power isgenerated by the movement of water.4. D. The text describes bioenergy as energy derived from organic material.5. E. The passage mentions that geothermal energy is heatfrom the Earth's interior.C. Fill in the Blanks1. photovoltaic cells2. carbon footprint3. intermittency4. energy storage5. grid integrationPart III: Cloze Test1. sustainable2. innovative3. paradigm4. ecosystem5. pollutants6. ethical7. biodiversity8. renewable9. conservation10. catalystPart IV: Writing TaskIn this section, you are asked to write an essay on the topic of "The Importance of Renewable Energy in the 21st Century." Your essay should cover the following points:- The increasing demand for energy and the challenges of relying on fossil fuels.- The benefits of renewable energy sources, such as solar,wind, and hydroelectric power.- The role of technology in advancing renewable energy solutions.- The economic and environmental implications of a transition to renewable energy.- The need for policy support and public awareness to promote the adoption of renewable energy.Sample Essay:The 21st century has ushered in an era of unprecedented energy demand, driven by global population growth and industrialization. Traditional fossil fuels, while abundant, present significant challenges, including environmental degradation and the potential for resource depletion. In contrast, renewable energy sources offer a sustainable alternative that can help mitigate these issues.Renewable energy, derived from the sun, wind, and water, among other sources, is inexhaustible and clean. Solar panels convert sunlight into electricity, wind turbines harness the power of the wind, and hydroelectric dams utilize the force of flowing water. These technologies not only reduce greenhouse gas emissions but also decrease our dependence on finite resources.Advancements in technology have made renewable energy more efficient and cost-effective. Innovations in energy storage and grid integration are addressing the intermittency of renewable sources, making them more reliable and accessible. Furthermore, the transition to renewable energy is aneconomic opportunity, with the potential to create new jobs and stimulate growth in the clean energy sector.However, the shift to renewable energy requires robust policy support and public awareness. Governments must enact incentives for renewable energy development and implement regulations that reduce the environmental impact oftraditional energy sources. Public education campaigns can also play a crucial role in fostering a societal understanding of the benefits of renewable energy and encouraging its adoption.In conclusion, the importance of renewable energy in the 21st century cannot be overstated. As we face the dual challenges of energy scarcity and environmental sustainability, renewable energy offers a promising path forward. With continued innovation, policy support, and public engagement, we can harness the power of the sun, wind, and water to build a cleaner。

综合学术英语教程Unit 3

In this unit, you will
• learn about ancient China’s contribution to modern science;
• research “Four Great Inventions”, “The Genius of China” and “The Nobel Prize” on the Internet and find reliable information;
—Karl Marx
about China’s Science and Technology
• The four inventions do not necessarily summarize the achievements of science and technology in ancient China. The four inventions were regarded as the most important Chinese achievements in science and technology, simply because they had a prominent position in the exchanges between the East and the West and acted as a powerful dynamic in the development of capitalism in Europe. As a matter of fact, ancient Chinese scored much more than the four major inventions: in farming, iron and copper metallurgy, exploitation of coal and petroleum, machinery, medicine, astronomy, mathematics, porcelain, silk, and wine making. The numerous inventions and discoveries greatly advanced China's productive forces and social life. Many are at least as important as the four inventions, and some are even greater than the four.

Unit3 Do Traffic Tickets Save Lives 课文翻译

Unit3 Do Traffic Tickets Save Lives A课文翻译（学术综合英语教材(研究生课程）P75）交通罚单能救命吗?研究显示交通罚单能救司机的命李∙戴哎，这可怜的交警。

他是你在高速公路上:疾驰时最不愿意在后视镜里看见的人。

他为什么不去抓那些杀人犯，却在这儿为了一点儿芝麻大的交通违规对司机们穷追不舍?然而,根据加拿大和加利福尼亚科学家们的一项重要研究，那位警察也许恰恰是在救你的命，或者救别的什么人的命。

研究者们发现一张交通罚单能让司机至少在几周内遭遇重大车祸的概率降低35%。

但是这个作用不会持续很长。

三四个月后，那只脚又会回到油门儿上去，置自己或别人于死地的危险率又和警察瞪着你开出巨额罚单前一样高了。

根据6月28日发表在《柳叶刀》上的研究，最根本的一点就是交通罚单能救命。

它很可，能每年能救成千上万条命。

然而交通法规只是零星地被实施，就像心血来潮似的，部分原因是人们不喜欢罚单，而且除了实施高速公路安全法，政府部门还有很多其他地方要花钱。

无情的统计数据多伦多大学的热德尔美尔和斯坦福大学的提波施拉尼认为这种态度需要改变。

他们俩都是医学研究者，这已不是他们第一次盯着高速公路安全问题了。

他们俩1998年的研究引起了轰动，当时他们认为打手机与交通事故有关联。

现在他们又来了，说交通罚单对我们的健康有好处。

他们之所以参与这个项目是受到一些残酷无情的统计数据的驱使。

每年，全世界有100多万人死于交通事故。

如果- - 年内那么多人死于非典的话,大家很可能会恐惧得发疯了，然而我们对交通事故死亡率却习以为常了。

另外，还有2 500万人因交通事故永远残废了，而且他们当中——包括死去的——很多是孩子。

接到罚单处之泰然?当热德尔美尔、提波施拉尼和他们的共同研究人员伦纳德∙伊凡斯研究交通罚单是否真能起到好作用时，他们在加拿大的安大略省发现了数量巨大的司机资料。

他们在那儿能看到每个有驾照的人的全部记录，这样他们就有了一个良莠俱存的超过一千万个持照司机的巨大数据库。

学术英语综合unit3business ethics答案

学术英语综合unit3business ethics答案1、I saw the boy _______?the classroom. [单选题] *A. enter intoB. enter(正确答案)C. to enter intoD. to enter2、It is my _______ to meet you here. [单选题] *A. pleasure(正确答案)B. pleaseC. pleasedD. pleasant3、83．The school is? ? ? ? ? ? ?the hospital. [单选题] *A．withB．intoC．ontoD．opposite(正确答案)4、7．—________ is the Shanghai Wild Animal Park?—It’s 15km east of the Bund. [单选题] *A．WhoB．WhatC．WhenD．Where (正确答案)5、I have worked all day. I'm so tired that I need _____ . [单选题] *A. a night restB. rest of nightC. a night's rest(正确答案)D. a rest of night6、Reading（）the lines, I dare say that the government are more worried than they admitted. [单选题] *A. behindB. between(正确答案)C. alongD. among7、46．The pants look cool.You can ________. [单选题] *A．try it onB．try on itC．try them on(正确答案)D．try on them8、They might have found a better hotel if they _________ a few more kilometers. [单选题]*A. droveB. would driveC. were to driveD. had driven(正确答案)9、They all choose me ______ our class monitor.（）[单选题] *A. as(正确答案)B. inC. withD. on10、How I wish I（）to repair the watch! I only made it worse. [单选题] *A. had triedB. hadn't tried(正确答案)C. have triedD.didn't try11、--All of you have passed the test!--_______ pleasant news you have told us! [单选题] *A. HowB. How aC. What(正确答案)D. What a12、_______ is on September the tenth. [单选题] *A. Children’s DayB. Teachers’Day(正确答案)C. Women’s DayD. Mother’s Day13、79．On a ________ day you can see the city from here. [单选题] *A．warmB．busyC．shortD．clear(正确答案)14、The Titanic is a nice film. I _______ it twice. [单选题] *A. sawB. seeC. have seen(正确答案)D. have saw15、The street was named _____ George Washington who led the American war for independence. [单选题] *A. fromB. withC. asD. after(正确答案)16、There _______ some milk in the glass. [单选题] *A. is(正确答案)B. areC. haveD. has17、--_______ I borrow these magazines?--Sorry, only the magazines over there can be borrowed. [单选题] *A. MustB. WouldC. May(正确答案)D. Need18、Just use this room for the time being ,and we’ll offer you a larger one _______it becomes available [单选题] *A. as soon as(正确答案)B unless .C as far asD until19、He studied harder to _______ his reading skills. [单选题] *A. improve(正确答案)B. rememberC. memorizeD. forget20、68．—How ________ apples do you want?—I want two kilos. How ________ are they?—They are 5 yuan. [单选题] *A．much; manyB．many; much(正确答案)C．many; manyD．much; much21、21 In a few years' time, there ________ thousands of trees on the hill. [单选题] *A．will haveB．will be(正确答案)C．are haveD．have22、John had planned to leave but he decided to stay in the hotel for _____ two days because of the heavy rain. [单选题] *A. otherB. another(正确答案)C. the otherD. others23、We moved to the front row_____we could hear and see better. [单选题] *A. so asB. so that(正确答案)C. becauseD. such that24、1——May I help you? You seem to be having some problems.——_______ , thanks. Ithink I can manage. [单选题] *A. All rightB. No problemC. It’s all right(正确答案)D. There’s no way25、She is a girl, _______ name is Lily. [单选题] *A. whose(正确答案)B. whoC. whichD. that26、She passed me in the street, but took no（）of me. [单选题] *Attention (正确答案)B. watchC. careD. notice27、Don’t read in bed. It’s _______ your eyes. [单选题] *A. good atB. good forC. bad atD. bad for(正确答案)28、The office building will be _______ a library. [单选题] *A. turned onB. turned upC. turned into(正确答案)D. turned off29、_____ rooms are both large and comfortable. [单选题] *A. Jack's and Jane's(正确答案)B. Jack and Jane'sC. Jack's and JaneD.Jack and Jane30、It seems slow for children to become _____ ,while adults often feel time flies. [单选题] *A. growns-upsB. growns-upC. grown upsD. grown-ups(正确答案)。

学术综合英语unit3

Do Traffic Tickets Save Lives?Study Shows Traffic Tickets Could Save Drivers’ LivesLee Dye Pity the poor traffic cop.He’s the last guy you want to see in your rearview mirror when you’re speeding down the highway. Why isn’t he out looking for murderers instead of nailing drivers for minor infractions of the law?交通罚单能救命吗？研究显示交通罚单能救司机的命李·戴哎，这可怜的交警。

他是你在高速公路上疾驰时最不愿意在后视镜里看见的人。

他为什么不去抓那些杀人犯，却在这儿为了一点儿芝麻大的交通违规对司机们穷追不舍？Well, according to a major research project by scientists in Canada and California, that cop just might be saving your life. Or the life of someone else.然而，根据加拿大和加利福尼亚科学家们的一项重要研究，那位警察也许恰恰是在救你的命，或者救别的什么人的命。

The researchers have found that a traffic ticket reduces a driver’s chance of being involved in a fatal accident by a whopping 35 percent, at least for a few weeks. The effect doesn’t last long, however. Within three to four months, the lead foot is back on the pedal and the risk of killing yourself or someone else is back up to where it was before that cop stared you in the eye and wrote out that expensive citation.研究者们发现一张交通罚单能让司机至少在几周内遭遇重大车祸的概率降低35%。

学术英语综合第三单元练习答案

Listening
• Task 1 1. Personality is a person's consistent thoughts,feelings, and behaviors that do not change throughout their life. 2. 1）consistency 2）nature/ nurture 3. 2) We change the environment or the people around us 3) We are able to do both. (or: We change ourselves and the environment or the people around us.)
Optimists
Defeat is just a temporary setback; defeat is not their fault; a bad situationequences brought by different approaches
Language building-up Task 1/Collocation
1.充满敬畏与感激 2.与外部世界隔离 3.陷入绝望 4.易感抑郁 5.恢复体能 6.界定性特征 7.暂时的挫折 8.不因挫败而慌乱 9.竞选职务 10.吹着欢快的曲子 1.bout 2.validated 3.squabble 4.aptitude 5.platitude 6.debilitate 7.reassuring 8.undermine 9.ruminate 10.martial
2. I think optimistic patterns of thinking can be learned to a degree, although we tend to be mostly predisposed to our patterns of thinking. The key to optimistic thought pattern is to maximize our successes and minimize our failures. While it is beneficial to look honestly at our shortcomings so we can work on them, focusing on our strengths can never hurt. Also, remember that virtually any failure can be a learning experience, and an important step toward our next success. Always keep in mind that the more we practice challenging our thought patterns, the more automatic it'll become.

学术英语医学Unit3,7,9课文课本翻译

学术英语unit1,unit3,unit4,unit9课文翻译Unit 1 Text A神经过载与千头万绪的医生患者经常抱怨自己的医生不会聆听他们的诉说。

虽然可能会有那么几个医生确实充耳不闻，但是大多数医生通情达理，还是能够感同身受的人。

我就纳闷为什么即使这些医生似乎成为批评的牺牲品。

我常常想这个问题的成因是不是就是医生所受的神经过载。

有时我感觉像变戏法，大脑千头万绪，事无巨细，不能挂一漏万。

如果病人冷不丁提个要求，即使所提要求十分中肯，也会让我那内心脆弱的平衡乱作一团，就像井然有序同时演出三台节目的大马戏场突然间崩塌了一样。

有一天，我算过一次常规就诊过程中我脑子里有多少想法在翻腾，试图据此弄清楚为了完满完成一项工作，一个医生的脑海机灵转动，需要处理多少个细节。

奥索里奥夫人 56 岁，是我的病人。

她有点超重。

她的糖尿病和高血压一直控制良好，恰到好处。

她的胆固醇偏高，但并没有服用任何药物。

她锻炼不够多，最后一次DEXA 骨密度检测显示她的骨质变得有点疏松。

尽管她一直没有爽约，按时看病，并能按时做血液化验，但是她形容自己的生活还有压力。

总的说来，她健康良好，在医疗实践中很可能被描述为一个普通患者，并非过于复杂。

以下是整个 20 分钟看病的过程中我脑海中闪过的念头。

她做了血液化验，这是好事。

血糖好点了。

胆固醇不是很好。

可能需要考虑开始服用他汀类药物。

她的肝酶正常吗？她的体重有点增加。

我需要和她谈谈每天吃五种蔬果、每天步行30 分钟的事。

糖尿病：她早上的血糖水平和晚上的比对结果如何？她最近是否和营养师谈过？她是否看过眼科医生？足科医生呢？她的血压还好，但不是很好。

我是不是应该再加一种降血压的药？药片多了是否让她困惑？更好地控制血压的益处和她可能什么药都不吃带来的风险孰重孰轻？骨密度 DEXA 扫描显示她的骨质有点疏松。

我是否应该让她服用二磷酸盐，因为这可以预防骨质疏松症？而我现在又要给她加一种药丸，而这种药需要详细说明。

综合英语3unit3资料

B. Explain the meaning of the following sentences.1.I know that my own intense “when I grow up” yearnings throughoutchildhood were locked in combat with an equally intense wish thatnothing would ever change.2.Worst of all, I could tell from their responses to this cruel andannoying behavior that I would lose my senses and becomebrainlessly boy-crazy.3.At 50, I blew out the candles with good humor because I had to—butI gulped inside.4.But there is another truth available, an inexplicable and sometimescrazy truth that is no less compelling. The living of a life, day by dayand moment, is also wild with joy.3plete the sentences with the words below. Change the form wherenecessary.sob yearning adolescent detestable ponytailsnap confess intense compelling combat1.The troops were exhausted after months of fierce .2.The people who do this fighting thing are .3.He had a deep to return to his hometown.4.The child covered her face with her hands and started touncontrollably.5.However, I must that I do not find this to be a seriousproblem, at least, not yet.6.John changed from a friendly and cheerful young boy into aconfused .7.Young people today are under pressure to succeed.8.The court was presented with evidence that she’d murderedher husband.9.One of the strings on my guitar when I was turning it.10.S he often showed up late for class, and she chewed gum and tossedher .plete the sentences with the expressions below. Change the formwhere necessary.in combat with toward the end of instead of on the edge of blow out used to by all means be wild with1.My parents worked in Japan for four years, so I flyover there to see them in holidays.2.He plans to take a trip around the world the year.3.Six soldiers were seriously hurt the enemy.4.Hull is on the east coast of Britain. It is the river Humberwhich leads out to the North Sea.5.We should get it finished in time .6.The wind her candle and she could n’t see anything butthe shining stars in the sky.7.I took bus subway, which can save me 1.6 yuan each time.plete the following sentences with “used to” or “be/get used to”.Change the form when necessary.1.He live in Paris.2.He living in the country.3.When we were children we go skating every winter.4.I don’t smoke these days, but I .5.He the cold weather after he lived there for two years.6.Life was so different in the country and she couldn’t thefresh air, the slower pace, and the cleanliness of everything.2A.Tick the verbs or phrases below which can fill in the blanks, and crossout those which cannot.1.She thinks that her mother will do the job.a.help herb. agree toc. enjoy2.Although it was hard at first, she came working for theairline.a.to enjoyb. enjoyingc. enjoy3.We have tried to persuade her to stop, but she just goes on .a.to smokeb. smokingc. smoke4.Tom begs his grandmother about the war.a.to tellb. to tell himc. telling him5.He’d like stories about the war.a.to hearb. hearingc. her to tell him6.He always enjoys his grandmother talking about herchildhood.a.to listen tob. listening toc. hearing to7.Jack play with his little brother.a.is madeb. is told toc. is made to8.He playing with Jim.a.can’t standb. doesn’t wantc. dislikes9.Passing the kitchen, he stopped a large glass of water.a.drinkingb. pouringc. to drink10.H e her to send him a birthday present.a.remembersb. remindsc. asks3plete the sentences with the words produced from Exercise A.Change the form where necessary.1.The students often have difficulty in their learning because theyhave a (an) grasp of some concepts.2.Any behavior that causes us potential damage isabsolutely .3.We won’t intervene unless the child is physically .4.How can you yourself by writing such trash?5.It seems the bank always profits from farmers’.6.My parents thought it was for a boy to be interested inballet.7.I recognized the doctor’s messy and handwriting.8.The virus will your computer.9.He seemed of understanding how she felt.10.H is father was an farm worker. He had never went toschool.ExtensionWhen did sheReally grow up?Beverly BeckhamEvery night after I tucked her into bed, I sang to her, a silly song, a made-up song, our song. “Stay little, stay little, little little stay; little stay little stay little.”She would giggle and I would smile. The next morning I would say, “Look at you. You grew. The song didn’t work.”I sang that song for years, and every time I finished, she crossed her heart and promised she wouldn’t grow any more.Then one night, I stopped singing it. Who knows why. Maybe her door was closed. Maybe she was studying. Maybe she was on the phone talking to someone. Or maybe I realized it was time to give her permission to grow.It seems to me now that our song must have had some magic because all the nights I sang it, she remained a baby…four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten. They felt the same. They even looked the same. She got taller and new ones grew in, but she still had to be reminded to brush them and to take a shower every now and then.She played with dolls and Play-Doh. Though Candy Land was abandoned for Monopoly and Clue, across a table, there she still was. For years, she was like those wooden dolls that nest one inside the other, identical in everything but size.Or at least that’s how I saw her. She roller-skated and ice-skated and did cartwheels in shopping malls and blew bubbles and drew pictures, which we hung on the refrigerator. She devoured Yodels and slushes and woke early on Sunday mornings to watch Davey and Goliath.She never slept through the night, not at ten months, not at ten years.When she was small, she’d wake and cry and I’d take her into bed with me. When she got bigger, she’d wake and make her way down the hall, and in the morning, I would find her lying beside me.She used to put notes under my pillow before she went to bed, I used to put notes in her bologna sandwiches before she went to school. She used to wait by the phone when I was away. I used to wait at the bus stop for her to come home.The song, the notes, the waking up to find her next to me, the waiting at the bus stop—all these things ended a long time ago. Upstairs now is a young woman, a grown-up. She has been grown up for a while. Everyone else has seen this—everyone but me.I look at her today, one week before she graduates from high school, and I am proud of the person she has become. But I’m sad, too——not for her, but for me. There has been a child in this house for twenty-five years. First one grew up, then the other, but there was always this one…the baby.Now the baby is grown. And despite what people tell me—you don’t lose them, they go away, but they come home again. You’ll like the quiet when she’s gone, the next part of life is the best—I know that what lies ahead won’t be like what was.I loved what was. I loved it when she toddled into my office and set up her toy typewriter next to mine. I loved watching her run down the hall atnursery school straight into my arms, after a separation of just two-and-a-half hours. I loved taking her to buy stickers and for walks and to movies. I loved driving her to gymnastics and listening to her friends. I loved being the one she raced to when she was happy or frightened or sad.I loved being the centre of her world.“Mommy, come play with me.”“Mommy, I’m home.”“Mommy, I love you the bestest and the widest.”What replaces these things?“Want to see my cap and gown?”she says now, peeking into my office. She holds it up.She smiles. She’s happy. I’m happy for her. She kisses me on the cheek and says, “I love you, Mom.” And then she walks upstairs.I sit at my desk and though my heart hurts, I smile. I think what a privilege motherhood is, and how very lucky I am.Notes:Giggle: v. to laugh lightly in a nervous or silly way 咯咯地笑，傻笑Cross one’s heart: to make the sign of the cross on one’s chest 在胸口划十字Devour: v. to eat hungrily and in large quantities 大口地吃Slush: n. a drink made with crushed ice and a sweet liquid 冰砂Bologna: n. a type of cooked meat often eaten in sandwiches 大红肠Toddle: v. to walk with short, unsteady steps (学步小孩) 蹒跚行走Sticker: n. a small piece of paper or plastic with a picture or writing on it that you can stick onto something 贴纸1Are the following statements true or false?( ) 1. The author stopped singing the song because her daughter didn’t like it any more.( ) 2. The author used to put notes under her daughter’s pillow before she went to bed.( ) 3. The author used to prepare sandwiches for her daughter before she went to school.( ) 4. The daughter always forgot brushing her teeth when she was young.( ) 5. Sometimes, the author doesn’t realize her daughter has grown up.( ) 6. The daughter is a high school student now.( ) 7. The author’s first child is twenty-five years old now.( ) 8. The author feels a little sad for her daughter is about to leave for college.Match the words in Column A with their meanings in Column B. 2A1.Tuck2.Giggle3.Bubble4.Devour5.Abandon6.Toddle7.Peek8.privilegeBa.To eat something quickly or eagerlyb.To look at something or somebody from behind or somethingelsec.To put something into small space in order to protect, hide,or hold itd.To walk with short, unsteady stepse.To laugh quickly, quietly, and in a high voicef. A special advantageg.To give up, to leave completelyh. A hollow ball of air or gas in a liquid。

学术英语综合Unit3

• Summarize the main ideas of a text and identify essential supporting points
• Understand sentences with formal words or expressions)
Unit 3
Psychology
Text A In-depth analysis
1. Contribute as much as possible what you know about the following:
• optimism • pessimism
Unit 3
Psychology
Text A Supplementary information
Unit 3
Psychology
Text A Lead-in
Listen twice to a talk on what psychologists do and fill in the blanks with the exact words you’ve heard.
Share your answers with your fellow classmates.
Unit 3
Psychology
Unit Contents
Unit objectives Text A Text B Text C Academic language and discourse Listening Speaking Writing
Unit 3
Psychology
Unit Objectives
Unit 3
Psychology
Text A Overview
1. Summarize the main ideas of Text A. 2. Do Task 1/Overview

学术综合英语unit3

DoTrffic Tickets Sve Lives?Study Shows Trffic Tickets CouldSve Drivers ’ LivesL ee Dye Pity the poor trffic cop. He ’s the lst guy you wnt to see in your rerview mirror when you ’ re speeding down the highwy. Why isn’t he out looking for murderers insted of niling drivers for minor infrctions of the lw?交通罚单能救命吗？研究显示交通罚单能救司机的命李·戴哎，这可怜的交警。

他是你在高速公路上飞奔时最不情愿在后视镜里看见的人。

他为什么不去抓那些杀人犯，却在这儿为了一点儿芝麻大的交通违规对司机们穷追不舍？Well, ccordingto mjor reserch project by scientists in CndndCliforni, tht copjustmight be sving your life. Or the life of someone else.然而，根据加拿大和加利福尼亚科学家们的一项重要研究，那位 JC 也许恰恰是在救你的命，或者救别的什么人的命。

The reserchers hve found tht trffic ticket reduces driver’s chnce of beinginvolved in ftl ccident by whopping 35 percent, t lest for few weeks. The effect doesn’t lst long, however. Within three tofour months, the ledfoot is bck on the pedlnd the risk of killing yourself or someone else is bck up to where it ws before tht copstred you in the eye nd wrote out tht expensive cittion.研究者们发现一张交通罚单能让司机至少在几周内遭遇重大车祸的概率降低 35% 。

新时代大学学术英语综合教程上册Unit 3 identity

新时代大学学术英语综合教程上册Unit 3 identity1、It is reported（）three people were badly injured in the traffic accident. [单选题] *A. whichB. that(正确答案)C.whileD.what2、84．There is a big tree? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?the house and the river. [单选题] * A．between(正确答案)B．inC．overD．of3、We can’t go out ______ school nights. （）[单选题] *A. inB. on(正确答案)C. atD. by4、It' s a pity that we have to stay at home when we are having（）weather. [单选题] *A. so fineB. so fine aC. such fine(正确答案)D. such a fine5、31．That's ______ interesting football game. We are all excited. [单选题] *A．aB．an(正确答案)C．theD．/6、The red jacket is _______ than the green one. [单选题] *A. cheapB. cheapestC. cheaper(正确答案)D. more cheap7、39．__________ he was very tired, he didn’t stop working. [单选题] * A．Although (正确答案)B．WhenC．AfterD．Because8、As I know, his salary as a doctor is much higher_____. [单选题] *A. than that of a teacher(正确答案)B. than a teacherC. to that of a teacherD. to a teacher9、I passed the test, I _____ it without your help. [单选题] *A.would not passB. wouldn't have passed(正确答案)C. didn't passD.had not passed10、28．The question is very difficult. ______ can answer it. [单选题] * A．EveryoneB．No one(正确答案)C．SomeoneD．Anyone11、My English teacher has given us some _______ on how to study English well. [单选题] *A. storiesB. suggestions(正确答案)C. messagesD. practice12、-Do you have tickets for Friday? -Sorry, we've got _____ left. [单选题] *A. eitherB. none(正确答案)C. no oneD. neither13、This girl is my best friend, Wang Hui. ______ English name is Jane.（）[单选题] *A. HeB. HisC. SheD. Her(正确答案)14、-We’ve spent too much money recently–well,it isn’t surprising. Our friend and relatives_______around all the time [单选题] *ingB. had comeC. were comingD have been coming(正确答案)15、36．This kind of bread is terrible. I don't want to eat it ______. [单选题] *A．any more(正确答案)B．some moreC．no longerD．some longer16、一Mary wants to invite you to see the movie today. 一I would rather she（B）me tomorrow. [单选题] *A.tellsB. told (正确答案)C. would tellD. had told17、This is not our house. lt belongs to _____. [单选题] *A. the Turners'B. the Turners(正确答案)C. Turner'sD. Turners18、John had planned to leave, but he decided to stay in the hotel for（）two days because of the heavy rain. [单选题] *A. otherB. the otherC. another(正确答案)D. others19、It is an online platform _____ people can buy and sell many kinds of things. [单选题] *A．whenB. where(正确答案)C．thatD．which20、Alice is fond of playing ____ piano while Henry is interested in listening to ___ music. [单选题] *A. the, /(正确答案)B. the, theC. the, aD. /, the21、_______ your parents at home last week? [单选题] *A. IsB. WasC. AreD. Were(正确答案)22、Julia’s on holiday in Shanghai _______. [单选题] *A. in a momentB. after a momentC. at the moment(正确答案)D. at any moment23、( ) --------Please take my seat here.-------- __________________________. [单选题]*A. That is nice of you(正确答案)B. I think it is my seatC. No, you sit hereD. I don’t think it’s a good seat.24、—Does your grandpa live ______ in the country?—Yes. So I often go to visit him so that he won’t feel ______. （）[单选题] *A. alone; aloneB. lonely; lonelyC. lonely; aloneD. alone; lonely(正确答案)25、—These shoes look cool. ______ are they?—They are on sale, only $（）[单选题] *A. How much(正确答案)B. How longC. How manyD. How soon26、_____, Martin can reach the branch of that tall tree at the gate. [单选题] *A. As a short manB. Being shortC. As he is shortD. Short as he is(正确答案)27、He either watches TV _______ reads books in the evening. [单选题] *A. or(正确答案)B. andC. toD. so28、Jack would rather spend time complaining than_____the problem by himself. [单选题] *A.solve(正确答案)B.solvedC.solvesD.to solve29、The teachers don't make us wear a school uniform and we can wear _____ we like. [单选题] *A. anyB. thatC. asD. what(正确答案)30、37．It’s fun _________ a horse with your best friends on the grass. [单选题] *A．to ride (正确答案)B．ridingC．ridesD．ride。

大学英语综合教程unit3参考答案

大学英语综合教程U n i t3参考答案-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1Key to Unit 3Text A Public Attitudes Toward Science课前预习Directions: Read the text and find out the English versions for the following expressions.1.享有特权的少数人 a privileged minority (Para.1, L.6)2.大多数民众the vast minority of population (Para.1,L.8)3.将时钟拨回到从前put the clock back to an earlier age (Para.2, L.1)4.阻止未来的进一步发展 prevent further advances in the future (Para.2, L.3)5.带来技术的发展bring about advances in technology (Para.2, L.6)6.压制新生事物suppress anything new (Para.2, L.10)7.人的积极极性和创造力 human initiative and inventiveness (Para.2, L.10)8.延缓变化的速度slow down the rate of change (Para.2, L.12)9.确保方向正确的变化ensure the changes in the right direction (Para.3,L.2)10.在一个民主社会in a democratic society (Para.3, L.3)11.做出明智的决定make informed decisions (Para.3, L.5)12.对科学抱着矛盾的态度 be in two minds about science (Para.3, L.7)13.生活水平的稳步提高the steady increase in the standard of living (Para.3, L.8)14.科幻小说science fiction (Para.3, L.17)15.利用这种兴趣harness this interest (Para.4, L.1)16.以一种枯燥乏味的方式 in a dry and uninteresting manner (Para.4, L.6)17.认识其与世界的联系see its relevance to the world (Para.4, L.7)18.通俗读物popular books (Para.4, L.11)19.倾向于做某事tend to do sth. (Para.5, L.1)20.科学概念scientific concepts (Para.5, L.4)21.用文字和图表表述convey sth. by words and diagrams (Para.5, L.4)22.提供基本框架provide the basic framework (Para.6, L.1)23.阐明新的发展put across new developments (Para.6, L.8)24.小部分人 a small proportion of the population (Para.6, L.10)25.科学奇迹scientific wonders (Para.6, L.12)26.负有教育民众的重任have a responsibility to educate the public (Para.6, L.16)27.娱乐民众entertain the public (Para.6, L.16)28.危机四伏be filled with dangers (Para.7, L.1)29.接触外星文明contact an alien civilization (Para.7, L.2)30.充分相信have sufficient faith in sth. (Para.7, L.4)巩固应用I. Directions: Now you’ve learned Text A in detail. Let’s check how much you’ve learned from it! Please translate the Chinese expressions in the following sentences into English. Be sure you use expressions from the text.1.Whether you believe it or not (信不信由你)，we were left waiting in the rainfor two hours.(Para.1, L.1)2.We saw /viewed this event as a turning point (把这件事看作是一个转折点).(Para.1, L.4)3.I can’t afford a car, so I guess I will have to do without (就只好不用了) . (Para.1,L.7)4.Forget all about it and look to the future; you can’t put the clock back (让时光倒流). (Para.2, L.1)5.He can’t see, nor could he hear (他还听不见) until a month ago. (Para.2, L.3)6.I have come to realize (逐渐意识到) that what I have done is misguided.(Para.3,L.7)7.As was mentioned in my last letter (正如上封信中所提到的)，I’ll be back inOhio in June. (Para.3, L.15)8.I am wearing twice as much as I usually do (是平时穿的两倍) because of thecold weather. (Para.4, L.14)ter, I’ll prove what you say wrong (证明你所说的是错的). (Para.7, L.5)II. Language FocusEx. I. Translate the following English expressions into Chinese and Chinese into English.1.The line of products will be highly profitable.这个行业的产品将十分有利可图(P.67-I-3-3)2.regain health 恢复健康 (P.68-II-1)3.the right attitude towards science 对科学的正确态度 (P69-Cloze 1- L.1)4.the proportion of the population that………人口的比例 (P.69-Cloze 1-L.9)5.make discoveries that have practical value 做出具有实际应用价值的发现(P.69-Cloze 2- L.5)6. a glass wire 光纤 (P.70-Cloze2-L.7)7.endless number of new discoveries 无穷无尽的新发现(P.70-Cloze 2- L.10)8.in a space station in orbit around the earth 在一个围绕地球轨道运行的空间站(P.70-Cloze 2- L.17)9.扔掉这些旧椅子get rid of these old chairs(P.66-I-1-5)10.及时的帮助timely help (P.66-I-1-9)11.做出精确的预言make accuratepredictions (P.67- I-3-3)12.对……迟疑不决be undecided about(P.68- II-2)13.山区the mountainousregion (P.68-II-3)14.缺少，不足be undersuppliedwith (P.68- II-3)15.提出……的要求作为demand... as… (P.68-II-5)16.在做某事上有困难have difficulty (in) doingsth. (P.68-II-7)17.总的来说on balance (P.69-III-2-4)18.优点多于缺点Strengths outweighweaknesses. (P.69-III-2-4)19.对……怀疑be distrustful ofsth. (P.69-Cloze 1-L.2)Ex. II. Please translate the Chinese expressions in the following sentences into English. Be sure to use expressions from the exercises.1.As pace of life quickens (随着生活的节奏加快), things tend to change fast in thecity. (P.66-I-1-4)2.The decision on the new project is made on the basis of scientific study (在科学研究的基础之上). (P.67-I-3-2)3.We have succeeded because we had the foresight to invest in new technology(投资于新技术的先见之明). (P.68-II-6)4.Only a minority of people support military action. The majority are for a peacefulsolution (赞成和平解决). (P.69-III-2-1)5.Applicants who meet our job requirements (符合我们的工作要求) are accepted,those who fall short (不符合条件的) are rejected. (P.69-III-2-2)6.As is shown by history (正如历史所表明的), local clashes may lead to a globalwar. (P.69-III-2-5)III. Language EnhancementEx. I. Translate the following Chinese sentences into English.1. 无论你是否相信，我们的家乡在过去的十年间发生了许多变化，而且在未来的十年里变化会更多。

学术综合英语Unit3读写课文A文后词汇练习答案

burglary. 10. We’ll send you the copy as soon as it becomes
a__v_a_i_l_a_b_l_e_.
Before Reading
Reading Comprehension
R-C- Detailed Reading
VAf2ter Reading
2. The United Nations troops e__n_f_o_r_c_e__d_ a ceasefire in this area.
Before Reading
Reading Comprehension
R-C- Detailed Reading
VAf2ter Reading
Vocabulary Development
Before Reading
Reading Comprehension
R-C- Detailed Reading
VAf2ter Reading
Vocabulary Development
Translation
address enforce infraction
border on apply to suggest
nail turn up
whopping prior to
sporadically whim
prod crash
fatality subsequent
1. This incident was not without importance in the following development of events.
whim
crash
fatality subsequent
10. A 9-year-old boy was killed in an accident involving a stolen car last week.