高三一轮定语从句

高三语法复习-----定语从句

编写人：审核人：审批人：

【学习目标】

1. 熟记定语从句的语法条目，掌握考点；提升定语从句的活用能力。

2. 自主探究，动脑思考；体会总结不同语境下活用定语从句的技巧。

3. 积极高效，挑战自我；体验成功的喜悦。

【语法导学】

定义：在句中起定语的作用、修饰句子中的名词或代词的从句。因其功能类似形容词，故又称为形容词性从句。

一、分类：限制性与非限制性：

限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的定语，而非限制性定语从句只是附加说明，如果去掉主句意思仍然清楚.非限制性定语从句用逗号与主句隔开。

I have been married to the man whom you met at my home last night. 限制性定语从句

I have been married to a man, whom you met at my home last night. 非限制性定语从句

二．考点清单：

1. 关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose,在句子中做主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略.

1）that指人或物：Who is the man that is reading the newspaper over there?

The finger（that）I put into my mouth was not the one（that）I had dipped into the cup.

2）which指物：A chest’s shop is a shop which sells medicine. （做主语）

The film（which）we saw last night was wonderful. （宾语）

3) who, whom, whose，分别做主语、宾语和定语：

The comrade who visited our class yesterday is our new headmaster.

Who’s the man（whom）you just talked to?

This is the room whose window faces south.

4）介词后指人用whom,指物用which.介词可提前，也在后；在后时可用who, that，也可省略：This is the room in which we lived last year. = This is the room（which / that）we lived in last year. Who’s the comrade with whom you just shook hands?

= Who’s the comrade （who / whom / that）you just shook hands with?

但固定搭配介词不能提前：

Is this the book which she was looking for? The babies whom the nurses are looking after are healthy.

2. 关系副词：when, where, why,在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语.

1）when指时间：

I still remember the day when（on which）I first came to Beijing.

比较：I still remember the day that I spent in Beijing.

2）where指地点：

This is the house where（in which）I lived two years ago.

比较：This is the house that I bought two years ago.

3）why指原因：在“reason”后：

The reason why he was late is that the car broke down on the way.

比较：The reason that he gave us is not reasonable.

3．限制性定语从句用that不用which的情况：

1）先行词为all, few, much, little, nothing, everything, anything等：

All that must be done has been done. There is little that I can do for you.

2) 当先行词被最高级,序数词以及the very, the few, the only修饰时:

That’s the only thing that we can do now.

This is the best novel that I have ever read.

3) 先行词被all, little, much, some, no, every, any,修饰时：

There is little work that you can do.

4) 先行词既有人也有物时：

My father and his teacher talked of things and persons（that）they remembered in the school.

5) 当主语是以which或who开头的特殊疑问句时:

Which is the hotel that he stayed at last night?

Who is the woman that shook hands with you just now?

注意: 用which不用that：指物，在介词后或引导非限制性定语从句。

4．介词+关系代词（which/whom）引导的定语从句:

1)介词的确定：

①与先行词之间的关系：

He visited the farm on which his father once worked.

He lost the money with which he would buy a bike.