英语单词的偏旁部首

英语单词的偏旁部首

英语中某些字母组合可以表示一定的含义，英国语言学家弗思(J.R.Firth, 1890-1960)将这种字母组合称作“联觉音组”（phonaesthemes）。“联觉音组”就像汉字的偏旁部首一样，也具有表意功能。

1．fl- 与“火焰”有关：

flame [fleim] n. visible part of fire火焰, 光辉, 光芒

Love isn’t a bunch of coals that can be blown by an bellows into a flame at any time.爱情不是一捆柴火，并不是每时每刻都可以拉一拉风箱就能燃起大火。

flare [flεə] burn with a bright, unsteady fire闪光, 闪耀；发火，生气

Once more Athens flared into importance as the head of a confederation.雅典再一次脱颖而出，成为联邦首领。

flash [flæʃ] sudden burst of flame or light闪光, 闪现

A lighthouse was flashing in the distance. 一个灯塔在远处闪着光。

flicker ['flikə] burn or shine unsteadily闪烁

These lights flickered continuously like traffic lights which have gone mad. 这些灯象发狂的交通灯一样不停地闪动着。

flamboyant ['flæm'bɔiənt] adj. brightly colored and decorated辉耀的, 华丽的

→flamb oyance (n. 华丽, 火焰)

They lived in that flamboyant hotel with nothing to do.他们住在那家华丽的旅店里无所事事。inflame [in'fleim] v. become red, angry, overheated燃烧；激怒

→inflammation (n. 怒火, 发火, 燃烧), inflammable (adj. 易燃的, 易怒的)

Our lack of response seemed to inflame the colonel. 我们没有反应好象惹怒了上校。

inflammable [in'flæməbl] adj. easily burnt易燃的, 易怒的

A thing was inflammable if it contained phlogiston. 只要含有可燃物就可以燃烧。conflagrate ['kɔnfləɡreit] v. to cause to start burning燃烧, 着火

→由con-(together)+flagr (to burn)+-ate (to make)构成

→conflag rant (adj. 燃烧的, 炽热的), conflagration (n. 大火, 大火灾, 突发)

By the time they arrived at the woods, it has already been conflagrated into ash. 他们赶到森林时，它已经烧成了灰。

2. gl- 表示“光线”：

gleam [ɡli:m] n. &v. beam or ray of soft light闪烁, 隐约地闪现

The moonlight gleamed on the river. 月光在河面上闪烁。

It was a glorious night, with a great full moon gleaming in a purple sky.那是个亮晶晶的夜晚，皓月在紫色的天空上闪烁。

glimmer [ ♑●im☜] v. send out a weak, uncertain light发出闪烁的微光

Now the raft was passing the few glimmering lights of the distant village.现在小筏子划过了远处村庄里几盏微微闪烁的灯。

glisten [ ♑●is☜n] v. shine brightly, sparkle闪光

It was a hot July morning, and perspiration glistened on Robbie’s forehead.那是个七月的炎热早晨，汗水在罗比的前额闪着光。

glitter [ ♑●it☜] v. shine brightly with flashes of light闪闪发光, 闪烁

It is an old saying that all is not gold that glitters 古话说闪光的东西并不都是金子。

glint [♑●int] n. send out flashes of light闪烁

The sun glinted through the leaves. 阳光穿过叶隙而闪耀。

glare [♑●☪☜] n. & v. shine in dazzling way眩目的光, 显眼, 怒目而视

The sun glared out of the blue sky. 太阳在蓝天上发出炫目的光芒。

We could see nothi ng because of the glare of the car’s lights.由于车灯很耀眼，我们什么都看不清。

gloom [♑●u:m] n. & v. semi-darkness阴暗, 阴沉

In the gloom of the thick forest, they nearly lost their way.他们几乎在黑暗的密林中迷了路。glaze [♑●eiz] n. &v. cover with a glass-like surface上釉

The moon lay on the glazed snow of backyard. 月光洒在后院光滑的雪上。

glossy [ ♑●si] adj. smooth and shiny光滑的，有光泽的

Everything looked so glossy, and clean and ordered. 一切都显得那么有光泽，清洁干净，井井有条。

3. 以-mum结尾的常词表示“数量”：

maximum [ ❍✌ksim☜m] n. &adj. the largest amount 最大量（的）；最大值（的）

The maximum load for this truck is ten ton. 这辆卡车最大载重量是10吨。

minimum [ minim☜m] n. &adj. the smallest amount最小量（的）；最小数（的）；最低限度（的）You must get a minimum of 40 questions right to pass the examination. 你必须最少答对40道题才能通过考试。

optimum [ ptim☜m] n. &adj. the best amount 最佳值, 最佳的

→optimal (adj. 最佳的, 最理想的), optimize (v. 使最优化), optimization (n. 最佳化, 最优化) This approach provides good economics and the ability to formulate the optimum design.这种方