2020高考英语阅读理解(Reading)

高考英语阅读理解(Reading)[全真试题]应用文 01Answer the following questions by using the information taken from a dictionary page. (You may read the questions first)jaguar n. a type of large, yellow-colored cat with black markings found in the southwestern region of the US. and in Central and South America.jargon 1. n. speech that doesn’t make sense. 2. n. an unknown language that seems strange or impossible to understand. 3. n. a language made up of two or more other languages: His jargon was a mixture of French and English. 4. n. the special vocabulary of a field or profession: Her report on computers was field with jargon.jaunt 1. n. a trip taken for fun 2. v. to go on a brief pleasant trip: We jaunted to the country last Saturday .javelin1.n. a spear most commonly used as a weapon or in hunting 2. n. a light-weight metal or wooden spear that is thrown in track-and-field contests. 3.n. the contest in which a javelin is thrown. 4. v. to strike, as with a javelinjazz 1. n. a type of music that originated in New Orleans and is characterized by rhythmic beats. 2. n. popular dance music influenced by jazz. 3. n. slang empty talk. 4. adj. of or like jazz: a jazz band, a jazz recordsjennet n. a small Spanish horse1.Which meaning of the word javelin is used in thesentence below?At the competition, Jack drew his arm back and threw the javelin 50 yards.A. Definition 1B. Definition 2C. Definition 3D. Definition 42.Which meaning of the word jargon is used in thesentence below?Doctors often speak in medical jargon.A. Definition 1B. definition 2C. Definition 3D. Definition 43.What does the word jazz mean in the followingsentence?Don’t give me that jazz, for I am a practical person.A. rhythmic beatsB. a type of musicC. meaningless talkD. a kind of dance记叙文03Martha had been working for Miller Laboratories for two years, but she was not happy there. Nothing significant had happened in the way of promotions or salary increases. Martha felt that her supervisor, a younger and less experienced person than she, did not like her. In fact, the supervisor often said unpleasant things to her.One day, while talking with her friend Maria, she mentioned how discouraged she was. Maria gave her the name of a cousin of hers who was director of Human Resources Department for a large chemical company. Martha called him the next day and set up an interview on her lunch hour.During the interview, Mr. Petri said, “You’re just the kind of person we need here. You’re being wasted in your other job. Give me a call in a day or two. I’m sure we can find a place for you in our organization.”Martha was so happy she almost danced out of the building.That afternoon, Ruth Kenny, her supervisor, saw that Martha had come in ten minutes late from her lunch hour and she said, “Oh, so you finally decided to come back to work today?”This was the last straw. She could not take another insult. Besides, Mr. Petri was right: she was being wasted in this job.“Look,” she said angrily, “if you don’t like the way I work, I don’t need to stay here. I’ll go where I’m appreciated! Good-bye!” She took up her things and stormed out of the office.That night she called Maria and told her what had happened and then asked Maria, “What do you think?”“Well,” said Maria carefully, “are you sure about the other job?”“Well, not exactly, but…”Maria continued, “Will you be able to get a recommendation from Mrs. Kenny if you need one?”“A recommendation?…from Mrs. Kenny?” hesitatedMartha, in a worried tone.“Martha, I hope you didn’t burn your bridges.”Maria said. “I think I would have handled it differently.”1.Martha is unhappy in her job because _____.A. she has not advancedB. the work is not significantC. her supervisor is younger than sheD. there is too much work with little payment2.Which of the following statement is NOT true?A. At her supervisor’s criticism, Martha lost her temper.B. Mr. Petri felt Martha was not valued in her present job.C. Martha’s interview with the director was on her lunch hour.D. Martha got the name of the director through her cousin.3.The phrase “the last straw” probably refers to_____.A. the last opportunityB. the straw that saves Martha’s lifeC. the last reminderD. the final unpleasant thing4.What does Maria think of Martha’s decision?A. Martha has handled the matter properly.B. Martha shouldn’t have set the bridge on fire.C. Martha should have found a new job before leaving.D. Martha shouldn’t have lost her temper with her supervisor说明文——人物纪实 05Britain’s oldest man made his first visit to London yesterday at the age of 110. Mr. John Evans had never found the time or the money – to make the trip from his house near Swansea. But, when British Rail offered him an all-expenses-paid birthday trip to the capital, he just could not refuse.Until yesterday he had never been far from home, except for one trip to Aberdeen. Mr. Evans, who spent 60 years working as a miner in South Wales, almost made the journey to London once before, at the turn of the century. “There was a trip to the White City but it was ten shillings (1 shilling =1/20 pound) return fromSwansea – too much I thought. All my money went to the family then, “he said.During the next two days Mr. Evans will be taken on a whistle–stop tour of London to see the sights. Top of his list is a visit to the Houses of Parliament (国会).The only arrangement he does not care for is the wheelchair provided to move him about if he gets tired. “I don’t like the chair business – people will so think I am getting old,” he said.His secret for a long and healthy life has been well publicized–no alcohol, no cigarette and no angry. Before setting off from Swansea with his 76-year-old son, Amwel, he quipped,“I’m glad to see they’ve given me a return ticket. “1.It’s reported that Mr. Evans’s healthy long lifewas to a certain extent due to his _____.A. wine drinkingB. proper smokingC. mild temperD. sense of humor2.W hich of the following statements is true?A. A single trip from Mr. Evans’s house to the White City used to be ten shillings.B. The first place for Mr. Evans to visit is the Housesof Parliament.C. He appreciated people’s arrangement of awheelchair during his visitD. Mr. Evans once made the journey to London at theend of the century.3.T he word “quip” in the last sentence most probablymeans _____.A. to make a witty remarkB. to express a happy messageC. to make a wishD. to tell a joke4.W hat might be the best title for this passage?A. 110-year-old TouristB. Secret for Long and Healthy LifeC. Free Return TicketD. Sightseeing in London说明文——自然科学 05Equipped only with a pair of binoculars (双筒望远镜) and ready to spend long hours waiting in all weathers for a precious glance of a rare bullfinch (红腹灰雀). Britain’s birdwatchers had long been supposedto be lovers of a minority sport. But new figures show birdwatching is fast becoming a popular pastime, with almost three million of us absorbed in our fluttering feathered friends.Devoted birdwatchers, those prepared to travel thousands of miles for a sighting of a rare Siberian bird, are fast being joined by a new breed of follower whose interest is satiated by watching a few finches (雀科鸣鸟) on a Sunday walk or putting up a bird-box in the back garden.“Almost three million UK birdwatchers is certainly possible if you include everyone with only a casual interest,” Stephen Moss said in his newly published book—A Bird in the Bush: a Social History of Birdwatching —which records the pursuit from the rich Victorian Englishman’s love of shooting rare birds to the less offensive observational tendencies of birdwatchers today.Television wildlife programs have helped to fuel the new trend. Last summer, BBC 2’s Britain Goes Wild was a surprise success. It pulled in three million viewers and led to bird-houses selling out across the UK as45,000 people promised to put up a box.Birdwatchers’ networking system first came to the attention of the nation in 1989, when a birdwatcher caught sight of the first Vermivora chrysoptera—a golden-winged songbird from North America—to be seen in Britain. He put a message out on the network service Birdline, and next day 3,000 birdwatchers proved the full pull of a truly rare bird as they visited the Tesco car park in Kent, where it had settled. Today, birdwatchers can log on to or have news of the latest sightings texted to their phones.“Multimillion-pound spending on binoculars, bird food and boxes point to the increasing numbers of birdwatchers,” said David Cromack, the editor of Bird Watching magazine, “The number of people involved is so big that they have great potential to influence government decisions affecting the environment.”1.The word “satiated” in paragraph 2 can best bereplaced by “_____”.A. affectedB. sharedC. satisfiedD. narrowed2.What happened after the message of seeing a Vermivorachrysoptera was put on the network?A. Birdwatchers helped the rare bird settle in Kent.B. Large numbers of birdwatchers went to view the bird.C. Many birdwatchers logged on to the website for details.D. Birdwatchers showed their determination to protect the rare bird.3.Which of the following CANNOT be true according tothe passage?A. Television wildlife programs started the popular pastime of birdwatching.B. The network service has contributed to the rapid development of birdwatching.C. Birdwatching in Britain was long considered asport with a small group of followers.D. The current situation of birdwatching may promotethe protection of the environment.4.The passage mainly tells us about _____ in UK.A. the history of birdwatchingB. a growing passion for birdwatchingC. the impact of media on birdwatchingD. birdwatching as a popular expensive sport论述文 04We are all interested in equality, but while some people try to protect the school and examination system in the name of equality, other, still in the name of equality, want only to destroy it.Any society which is interested in equality of opportunity and standards of achievement must regularly test its pupils. The standards may be changed —no examination is perfect—but to have to tests or examinations would mean the end of equality and of standards. There are groups of people who oppose this view and who do not believe either in examinations or in any controls in school or on teachers. This would mean that everything would depend on luck since every pupil would depend on the efficiency, the values and the purpose of each teacher.Without examinations, employers will look for employees from the highly respected schools and from families known to them －a form of favoritism will replace equality. At the moment, the bright child froman ill-respected school can show certificates to prove he or she is suitable for a job, while the lake of certificate indicates the unsuitability of a dull child attending a well-respected school. This defend of excellence and opportunity would disappear if examinations were taken away, and the bright child form a poor family would be a prisoner of his or her school’s reputation, unable to compete for employment with the child from the favored school.The opponents of the examination system suggest that examinations are an evil force because they show differences between pupils. According to these people, there must be no special, different, academic class. They have even suggested that there should be no form of difference in sport or any other area: all jobs or posts should be filled by unsystematic selection. The selection would be made by people who themselves are probably selected by some computer.1.The word “favoritism” is used to describe thephenomenon that _____.A. bright children also need certificates go get satisfying jobs.B. children from well-respected schools tend to have good jobsC. poor children with certificates are favored in job marketsD. children attending ordinary schools achieve great success2.What would happen if exams were taken away accordingto the author?A. Schools for bright children would lose their reputation.B. There would be more opportunities and excellence.C. Children from poor families would be able to change their schools.D. Children’s job opportunity would be affected bytheir school reputation.3.The opponents of the examination system will agreethat _____.A. jobs should not be assigned by systematic selectionB. computers should be selected to take over many jobsC. special classed is necessary to keep the school standardsD. schools with academic subjects should be done away with4.The passage mainly focuses on _____.A. schools and certificatesB. examination and equalityC. opportunity and employmentD. standards and reputation[巩固与提高]（一）1. What does Douglas do at present in Joliet BridgeCompany?A. Pattern maker.B. Leader of Pattern Division.C. Member of ELKS.D. Apprentice.2.What was Douglas doing in 1982?A. Working in Joliet Bridge CompanyB. Studying at Joliet Community CollegeC. Helping with Little LeagueD. A, B and C3.Why does Douglas want to leave Joliet Bridge Company?A. Because he is not satisfied with his present job.B. Because he has not been successful in the company.C. Because he does not get along well with his colleagues.D. Because his son is not used to the weather in Illinois.4.If you want to know the age of Douglas' son, what canyou do?A. Write to 636 Rugar Street.B. Telephone 309 876-0012C. Ask his wife Helen.D. Find it in the resume（二）Types of Insurance1.Mr. Smith is a managing director of a big company.His company has to take out _____ according to the law.A. bad debts insuranceB. health insuranceC. key man cover insuranceD. public liability insurance2.“Goods in transit insurance”seems the mostnecessary to _____ among the following.A. a bus companyB. a shipping companyC. a taxi companyD. a travel agency3.Jack has just moved into his newly-bought house. Hemight be most interested in _____ now.A. buildings and contents insuranceB. employers’ liabilityC. motor vehicle insuranceD. product liability（三）This is time of year when we think about giving andreceiving presents. Can you find a little extra to give? On this page we suggest a few organizations you might like to help.Littleton Children’s HomeWe don’t want your money, but children’s toys, books and clothes in good condition would be very welcome.Also—we are looking for friendly families who would take our children into their homes for a few hours or days as guests. You have so much—will you share it?Phone Sister Thomas on 55671.Children’s HospiceWe look after a small number of very sick children. This important work needs skill and love. We cannot continue without gifts of money to pay for more nursing staff. We also need story books and toys suitable for quiet games.Please contact The Secretary, Little Children’s Hospice, Newby Road.Street FoodIn the winter weather, it’s no fun being homeless. It’s even worse if you’re hungry. We give hot food to at least fifty people every night. It’s hard work,but necessary. Can you come and help? If not, can you find a little money? We use a very old kitchen, and we urgently need some new saucepans. Money for new ones would be most welcome indeed.Contact Street Food, c/o Mary’s House, Elming Way, Littleton. Phone 27713.Littleton Youth ClubHave you got an unwanted chair? a record player? a pot of paint?Because we can use them!We want to get to work on our meeting room!Please phone 66231 and we’ll be happy to collect anything you can give us.The Night ShelterWe offer a warm bed for the night to anyone who has nowhere to go. We rent the former Commercial Hotel on Green Street. Although it is not expensive, we never seem to have quite enough money. Can you let us have a few pounds? Any amount, however small, will be such a help.Send it to us at 15, Green St, Littleton. Please make check payable to Night Shelter.1.According to the passage, these organizations areworking for _____.A. homeless and sick childrenB. less fortunate members of our societyC. hungry people who have no beds to sleep inD. friendly members of our society to help others2.If you like children and can offer a happy family toa homeless child, you may go to _____.A. Street FoodB. Night ShelterC. Children’s HomeD. Children’s Hospice3.We can infer that _____.A. there are too many social problems in this countryB. people are very poor during the time for giving presentsC. warm-hearted people like to give away moneyD. this passage is taken from a local newspaper4.If your child has grown up, you may take the child’s things to _____.A. Children’s Home and Children’s HospiceB. Youth Club and Children’s HomeC. Children’s Hospice and Night ShelterD. Youth Club and Night Shelter（四）Welcome to the National Maritime Museum!The National Maritime（海洋）Museum is the largest of its kind in the world, with over two million items in its collections. Twenty galleries display some of the finest sea affairs in historic buildings, which were formerly a school for the sons of seamen.Opening times10:00-17:00 Winter hours 10:00-18:00 Summer hoursLast admission is thirty minutes before closing. Smoking is not allowed in the museum. Eating and drinking are only allowed in the designated（指定的）areas. Photography and video are not permitted inside the building.BookingsOur Central Booking Group handles all group visit enquiries（需求）, from schools, group organizers and tour operators.Education and InterpretationSchools’ programs operate in term-time. Programs of talks, tours, work-shops, storytelling, living history and interpretation（解说）are run throughout the year, especially at weekends and during school holidays.E-libraryFacilities（设备）are provided for electronic access to the museum’s collections. Please ask a member of staff（员工）for directions to the nearest terminals. These facilities are also available from the comfort of your own home.1.This passage mainly tells us _____ the museum.A. the way to get toB. the purpose to buildC. a brief introduction toD. a detailed description of2.Which of the following is certainly forbiddenaccording to the passage?A. Trying to enter the museum after 5:00 p.m.B. Taking pictures in front of the museum.C. Talking loudly when you enjoy the collections.D. Eating and drinking wherever you are.3.From the passage we learn that _____.A. the museum runs a school and has students of its ownB. students can receive different kinds of education hereC. part of school education has to be done in the museumD. school programs are only run at weekends and on holidays4.It can be inferred that _____.A. the museum is very popular among visitorsB. things from ancient times are more attractiveC. the most valuable things are displayed in the museumD. the museum is anxious to make more money（五）Everything has two sides. One side of SARS is already clear. It is a deadly disease, which causes fear. There were 2601 cases recorded on the Chinese mainland on April 24, according to government figures. Some 115 people have died and numbers keep rising.But, there’s another side. SARS is a reminder (提示) of how weak life can be. Suddenly, it’s not just the old people who are thinking about death. Everyone now realizes there might not always be a tomorrow.Wang Xingying, a Senior 3 students in Taiyuan, came into contact with a suspected SARS patient in mid-April. He was told to stay at home for at least two weeks. “Watching TV about more and more SARS patients dying, I never knew that death could be so close. Life is valuable and I’m going to treasure every single day,”he said.SARS teaches people to be grateful, not only for their own lives, but also for others. Doctors and nurses, for example, have to spend all their time with infected （感染的）patients. As a result, more than 20 percent of SARS cases in China are medical workers.Xu Bing, a Senior 2 student of Beijing No.5 Middle School wants to be a doctor when he grows up. “Although they certainly know the dangers, doctors and nurses remain bravely dedicated（献身的）to serving people’s lives. I’m deeply moved by what they have done. I think they are real heroes,” he said.SARS also teaches sympathy. The past few weeks have been terrible for Chinese people. But there are far worse things than SARS in this world, such as war, earthquakes and murders. Think of the Iraqis, who have been living terrible lives for 20 years. Think of how the Americans felt on 9/11.And finally, SARS offers the chance to grow. All different types of people and government officials are joining together to cope in this difficult time. When this passes, China and its people will have learned great lessons.1.The story of Wang Xinying is given in this passagemainly to _____.A. tell us the hardship of lifeB. tell us the weakness of lifeC. tell the cruelty of SARSD. tell us the job of life2.The main points discussed in the passage is _____.A. SARS is a deadly diseaseB. SARSteaches us a lotC. Chinese people are going all out to fight the diseaseD. doctors are dedicated to saving people’s lives3.Among the infected patients by SARS, which of thefollowing is most?A. StudentsB. Doctors and nursesC.Workers D. Officials4.The writer tells us of the brighter side for SARS in_____ ways.A. twoB. threeC. fiveD. four5.According to this passage, which of the followingstatements is TRUE?A. Before SARS, few young and healthy people arethinking about deathB. There is, now, nothing worse than SARS in the world.C. It can be concluded that SARS is only dangerous to medical workers.D. Doctors and nurses have known how to deal with thiskind of disease and they are sure of curing allthe patients.（六）The old-fashioned general store is fastdisappearing. This is, perhaps, a pity, because shopping today seems to lack that personal element which existed when the shopkeeper knew all his regular customers personally. He could, for instance, remember which brand of tea Mrs. Smith usually bought or what sort of washing-powder Mrs. Jones preferred. Not only was the shop a center of buying and selling, but also a social meeting place.A prosperous general store might have employed four or five assistants, and so there were very few problems in management as far as the staff was concerned. But now that the supermarket has replaced the general store, the job of the manager has changed completely. The modern supermarket manager has to cope with a staff as many as hundred, apart from all the other everyday problems of running a large business.Every morning, the manager must, like the commander of an army division, carry out an inspection of his store to make sure that everything is ready for the business of the day. He must see that everything is running smoothly. He will have to give advice and make decisions as problems arise, and he must know how toget his huge staff to work efficiently with their respective responsibilities.No matter what he has to do throughout the day, however, the supermarket manager must be ready for any emergency that may arise. People in the trade say that you are not really an experienced supermarket manager until you have dealt with a flood, a fire, a birth anda death in your store.1.In the author's opinion, it is a pity that there arefewer old general stores now because _____.A. there is less trading businessB. there used to be more social activities in the old daysC. the supermarket manager has more problems than beforeD. there is less personal contact between manager and customer2.In what way has the job of the store manager changed?A. He doesn't sell tea and washing-powder any more.B. He has a much larger staff to take care of, to saynothing of all the other daily problems ofrunning the store.C. He must try hard to remember the names of his regular customers.D. He has to give advice and make decisions when problems arise.3.Who are Mrs. Smith and Mrs. Jones mentioned in thefirst paragraph?A. They are friends of the store manager's.B. They are shop assistants.C. They are both regular customers of the store.D. They represent any of the regular customers of the old general store.4.The supermarket manager is compared to ______ by theauthor.A. an orchestra conductorB. a traffic supervisorC. a military leaderD. a school inspector（七）In an age when technology moves faster than most can keep up with, a small group of people still remain inthe time of old-fashioned letters. Frankly speaking, I was once certain that traditional letters could never be replaced by other means of communication.But a story about online communication changed my mind.An old man, who suffered a lot from Parkinson’s disease, was not able to talk clearly and could hardly write his name. Living totally alone, he managed to keep in touch with nearly all the members of his family. How did he achieve this? He clicked out words on his computer keyboard.I, therefore, managed to get an E-mail box as soon as the opportunity came. My life changed.E-mail, and all online communication, is something truly different. It has capabilities that few other products can match.E-mail is convenient. It takes less time with its fast speed and 24-hour connection. The slow postal service is no match. If you wouldn’t want to have a face-to-face talk with your manager, you might talk with him through E-mail even if you are in the same office.Naming all the good things about online communication is not easy. But wait. E-mail can be inconvenient. It can waste time and energy. Just think what may happen when you take a short vacation and return to find your E-mail box filled with 200 unread messages. You could easily spend half a day clearing junk ads.Then, online communication will keep us staying at our computer while it connects us to distant strangers. Once we throw ourselves into the machine, we may forget the human touches we once held so dear. I’m sure there is and always will be a place for the old-fashioned letter, phone call, and face-to-face meeting… even in the world of modern communication.As I listen to the sound of the modem, I was excited at stepping out to the outside world but, at the same time, I sensed a loss of control over something valuable in my personal life.1.What is the most probable meaning of the underlinedword “junk” in para. 7?A. Old and useless.B. New and useful.C. Short but valuable.D. Long but clear.2.What caused the writer to become interested in E-mailand online communication?A. The sound of the modem.B. His own illness.C. The changing of his life.D. A sick old man’s experience.3.What does the writer think of online communication?A. It should replace old-fashioned letters completely.B. It is perfect and always does good to you.C. It is useful and convenient, but it may be inconvenient or even harmful.D. It does more harm than good.4.According to the writer, traditional means ofcommunication will never disappear because _____.A. they are convenient and popular though they are slow.B. they help to keep the friendly relationship between people.C. most people cannot keep up with the development of technology.D. modern means of communication does too much harm.。