非谓语动词语法讲解学生版
初中语法 非谓语动词讲解
初中语法非谓语动词讲解非谓语动词是指动词的非谓语形式，包括动词的不定式、动名词和动词的分词形式。
在句子中，非谓语动词可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等成分，能够丰富句子的结构和表达方式。
一、动词不定式（Infinitive）动词不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式，一般由动词原形加上to构成，表示一种动作或状态的概念。
1. 作主语：To learn a foreign language well is important.学好一门外语很重要。
2. 作宾语：I want to go shopping this weekend.我想这个周末去购物。
3. 作表语：Her dream is to become a doctor.她的梦想是成为一名医生。
4. 作定语：I have a book to read.我有一本要读的书。
5. 作状语：He went to the supermarket to buy some food.他去超市买些食物。
二、动名词（Gerund）动名词是动词的一种非谓语形式，一般由动词原形加上-ing构成，表示名词的概念。
1. 作主语：Swimming is a good exercise.游泳是一项好的锻炼。
2. 作宾语：I like playing basketball.我喜欢打篮球。
3. 作表语：His hobby is singing songs.他的爱好是唱歌。
4. 作定语：I saw a man reading a book.我看到一个人在读书。
5. 作状语：She came here by bike.她骑车来这里。
三、分词（Participle）分词是动词的一种非谓语形式，分为现在分词（-ing形式）和过去分词（-ed形式）。
1. 现在分词作定语：The running water is very refreshing in summer.夏天流动的水非常凉快。
2. 过去分词作定语：The broken window needs to be fixed.那个破窗户需要修理。
非谓语动词的语法知识点详解
非谓语动词的语法知识点详解在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫作非谓语动词。
非谓语动词分为三种形式∶动名词，不定式和分词﹙包括现在分词和过去分词﹚非谓语动词与其他动词的不同点：1.非谓语动词可以有名词作用如动词不定式和动名词，在句中做主语、宾语、表语。
2.非谓语动词可以有形容词作用如动词不定式和分词，在句中做定语、表语或宾语补足语。
3.非谓语动词可以有副词作用如动词不定式和分词，在句中作状语。
4.谓语动词在句中作谓语，受主语的人称和数的限制;非谓语动词在句中不能单独作谓语，它不受主语的人称和数的限制。
5英语中不能单独做句子的谓语。
非谓语动词分类：不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区别不定式作表语一般表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作。
不定式和动名词作宾语的区别begin开始 determine决定 manage设法 agree同意 love 喜欢 fail不能 plan计划2有少数动词只能用动名词作宾语acknowledge承认，admit 承认 dislike不喜欢，讨厌 advocate：提倡，主张complete完成appreciate 感激，欣赏 avoid避免 enjoy享有，喜爱 delay延迟 escape逃跑，逃避 deny否认consider 考虑 fancy幻想，爱好 mind 介意 miss错过 finish完成，结束不得resist抵抗，阻止 imagine设想 postpone延迟，延期 practise 实行，实践 suggest 建议 prevent阻止keep保持 quit放弃停止 loathe非常讨厌，厌恶 recall回想不定式和动名词作主语的区别1动名词作主语时，通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。
不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。
例如：Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring.在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。
【中考英语一轮复习语法一点通】语法专题九 非谓语动词(学生版及答案)
语法专题九、非谓语动词（必考）非谓语动词，是指在句子中不能做谓语的动词，主要包括不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词）。
现在分词用于进行时，过去分词用于现在完成时和被动语态。
初中阶段主要考查不定式和动名词，本文就讲解这两大考点。
分词详见后面的时态和语态专题。
考点1：不定式to do （中考必考）定义和用法: 不定式to 可以做主语、表语、宾语、宾补、状语（表目的）、定语（to 放后修饰前面的名代）。
常考点就是to do 做宾语或宾补，哪些动词后加to do ，背下面的搭配。
① 后面常用动词不定式作宾语的搭配有： ② 后面常用动词不定式作宾补的搭配有： ask sb. to do sth. (叫某人做某事) tell sb. to do sth. (告诉某人做某事) allow sb. to do sth. (允许某人做某事) wish sb to do sth (希望做某事) want sb. to do sth. (想要某人做某事) advise sb to do sth (建议某人做某事) invite sb. to do sth. (邀请某人做某事) expect sb to do sth (期待某人做某事) Encourage sb to do sth (鼓励某人做某事) Teach sb to do sth (教某人做某事)考点2省略to 的动词不定式(1) 使役动词和感官动词，动词不定式做宾补时，主动语态时不定式省“to ”, 被动语态时要补回“to ”，这点详见被动语态专题。
下面我们识记一些常见搭配：make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 see sb. do / doing sth 看见某人做/ 正做某事 let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事watch sb do / doing sth 观看某人做/ 正做某事 would like to do sth(乐意做某事)want to do sth (想要做某事) decide to do sth (决定做某事)plan to do sth (计划做某事)begin / start to do sth(开始做某事)Try to do sth (设法做某事)pretend to do sth(假装做某事) hope to do sth (希望做某事) a gree to do sth (同意做某事) learn to do sth (学会做某事) need to do sth (需要做某事)promise to do sth(答应做某事)refuse to do sth (拒绝做某事) used to do sth(过去常做某事)afford to do sth(负担得起做某事) 考点精讲have sb. do sth. 请某人做某事find sb do / doing sth.发现某人做/ 正做某事had better (not) do sth. 最好(不)做某事Hear sb do / doing sth. 听见某人做/ 正做某事prefer to do rather than do sth. 宁愿…而不愿would rather do sth. than do sth.宁愿做……而不愿Why don’t you do …?=Why not do sth.？为什么不做……？Would / could you please (not) do sth.？请你(不)……好吗？考点3 动名词（动词ing形式，作用相当于名词）动名词，顾名思义就是动词作名词用，在句中可做主语、宾语、表语、定语等。
中学英语非谓语动词讲解
中学英语非谓语动词讲解非谓语动词是指动词的非时态形式，它包括不定式、动名词和分词（包括现在分词和过去分词）。
非谓语动词可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等成分，具有多种语法功能和句法结构。
在中学英语中，非谓语动词被广泛使用，掌握非谓语动词的用法对于学生的语言表达能力和阅读理解能力提升非常重要。
一、不定式（Infinitives）1. 不定式作主语：- To learn a foreign language is beneficial to your future.- It's important to exercise regularly.2. 不定式作宾语：- I want to go shopping after school.- He promised to finish the report by tomorrow.3. 不定式作表语：- Her dream is to become a doctor.- The most important thing is to believe in yourself.4. 不定式作定语：- She has a lot of books to read during the summer vacation.- This is a good place to have a picnic.5. 不定式作状语：- I wake up early to catch the bus.- She studied hard to pass the exam.二、动名词（Gerunds）1. 动名词作主语：- Swimming is my favorite sport.- Dancing helps improve coordination.2. 动名词作宾语：- She enjoys reading novels.- He hates doing the dishes.3. 动名词作表语：- His hobby is playing the piano.- The key to success is working hard.4. 动名词作定语：- I have a meeting with my boss tomorrow morning. - The running water sounds relaxing.5. 动名词作状语：- She left the room, crying loudly.- He drove to work, listening to music.三、分词（Participles）1. 现在分词作定语：- The exciting movie kept us on the edge of our seats. - The running boy bumped into a lady.2. 现在分词作状语：- Smiling happily, she accepted the gift.- With his homework finished, he went to bed.3. 过去分词作定语：- The broken chair needs to be repaired.- The lost dog was found by its owner.4. 过去分词作状语：- Inspired by her teacher, she decided to pursue a career in art.- Exhausted from the long journey, they went straight to bed.总结起来，中学英语非谓语动词的用法主要包括不定式、动名词和分词。
非谓语动词十大解题原则---学生版
非谓语动词非谓语动词主要包括to do, -ing和-ed三种形式，可是其用法非常广泛，它不仅是高考单项选择题测试的一个重点，而且也是完形填空、阅读理解、短文改错的重要考查内容。
为了能更好地掌握非谓语动词的用法，老师在教学实践中总结出十条实用的解题原则，并且还用相关的题目来解释这些原规律性非谓语动词试题的解题步骤（有提示词）形式的根本依据就是“句中已有谓语”，即，句子不缺谓语的情况下，所给提示词才能考虑用其非谓语动词形式。
一、区分简单句与复合句，判断式谓语动词还是非谓语动词1.That was definitely not an attractive idea, so I politely declined her invitation, _____(close) my bookand walked away.2.We also have to consider the feeling of the person_______( receive) the gift.3.Although he has been told many times, he still (make) the same mistake.4.He won the first prize and (surprise) all of us.5.With so many people (communicate) in English every day, it will become more important to have agood knowledge of English.6.Nowadays, almost everyone_ (realize) that smoking is harmful to people’s health.7.There (be) no bus, I had to walk home.8.(spend) more time on your study, and you are likely to make bigger progress.9.(spend) more time on your study is necessary for you to make progress in study.10.He totally devoted himself to science study, which (make) his family very upset.11.What the shop (sell) now attracts a lot of customers.12.The belief is that everyone (depend) on themselves, and the choice they make is of great importance.非谓语动词在高考中的具体应用一、非谓语动词作状语的题型：1. _________ (see) from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees.2. It rained heavily in the south, _________ (cause) serious flooding in several provinces.3. _________ (complete) the project in time, the staff were working at weekends.二、非谓语动词作定语的题型：1. A great number of students _________ (question) said they were forced to practice the piano.2. Many buildings in the city need repairing, but the one _________ (repair) first is the library.十大解题原则A. Having been toldB. Having toldC. He had been toldD. Though he had been told例2．_________ many times, he still couldn’t understand it.A. Having been toldB. Having toldA. Having lostB. LostC. Being lostD. Losing例4. __________, I really believe that I’d prefer not to make any change now.A. Considered all the possibilitiesB. Taking all the possibilities into considerationC. Taken all the possibilities into considerationA. FailB. FailedC. To failD. Having failed例6. Tim Bemers-Lee is generally considered _____ the World Wide Web, on which all the information is shared by all.A. to have foundedB. having foundedA．produced B．being producedC．to be produced D．having been produced例8.The trees _____ in the storm have been moved off the road.A. being blown downB. blown downA. the thief having been caughtB. the thief to be caughtC. catch the thiefD. the thief being caught例10. At the beginning of class, the noise of desks ____ could be heard outside the classroom.A. opened and closedB. to be opened and closedA. CaughtB. Having caughtC. Being caughtD. To catch例12 ___twice a year, whether it is a car or a bus or a truck, is the rule that every driver must obey in this city.A. ExaminingB. ExaminedA. comparingB. comparesC. to compareD. compared例14 _______ with a difficult situation, Arnold decided to ask his boss for advice.A. Being bittenB. BittenC. Having bittenD. To be bitten例16._______ in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring.A. To walk.B. WalkingC. WalkedD. Having walked例17. While watching television, __________.A. the doorbell rangB. the doorbell ringsC. we heard the doorbell ringD. we heard the doorbell rings例18. The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons ____ for the day.A. Being a winnerB. To be a winnerC. Be a winnerD. Having been a winner例20. The news reporters hurried to the airport, only _______ the film stars had left.A. to tellB. to be toldC. tellingD. told例21. The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance, ________ in the natural light during the day.A. to letB. lettingC. letD. having let例22.How glad I am ___________ you!A. Not realizedB. Not to realizeC. Not realizingD. Not to have realized例24. What worried him most was ______ to visit his sick child.A. his being not allowedB. his not being allowedC. his not allowingD. having not been allowed例25. Sarah has decided ________ away on holiday this summer.A. don’t goB. to not goC. not goingD. not to go考点突破，真题演练单句填空：用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。
(完整版)非谓语动词语法讲解及练习
非谓语动词【非谓语动词】构成：（to）+动词原形动词不定式非在句中的作用（除谓语动词外的任何成分）谓构成：V.-ing语动名词动用法（主、宾、表、定）词构成：V. -ing / V.-ed（规则变化）分词用法（表、补、定、状）（一）动名词一、动名词的构成：动名词一般由“动词原形+ing”构成二、动名词的句法功能功能例句说明主语Eating too much is bad for your health.吃得太多对你的健康有害。
谓语动词用单数形式。
宾语动词宾语介词宾语I like playing basketball very much.我非常喜欢打篮球。
Stamps are used for sending letters.邮票是被用来寄信的。
表示一般的习惯或抽象行为或经常性的动作。
表语His hobby is collecting stamps.=Collecting stamps is his hobby. 多数情况下，动名词作表语可转化成作主语。
定语She is in the reading room.她在阅览室。
We should improve our teaching methods.我们应该改进教学方法。
只表明它所修饰的词的用途、所属关系等。
置于所修饰词之前。
注意：英语中有一些词后面常跟动名词作宾语。
我们初中阶段常见的有：finish, mind, be worth, be busy, practice, have fun, have trouble/problem（in）, spend...（in）, feel like, be used to（习惯于）, give up, keep on, consider, suggest, can't help。
我们可按下面的顺口溜记忆这些词。
完成实践值得忙（finish, practice, be worth, be busy）继续习惯别放弃（keep on, be used to, give up）考虑建议不禁想（consider, suggest, can't help, feel like）喜欢思念要介意（enjoy, miss, mind）（二）动词不定式一、动词不定时的构成不定时的基本形式为：to+动词原形，有时可以不用to，这里的to 是不定式符号，本身无词义，动词不定式的否定形式是not+（to+）动词原形。
非谓语动词语法讲解学生版
非谓语动词语法讲解一、非谓语动词的概念动词的基本用法是作谓语。
当句中已经有了谓语动词了，要选或要填的动词就只能用非谓语形式了。
非谓语形式有三种：1、动词不定式：to do 2、动词的 ing : doing 3、 动词的过去分词：done二、三种形式的含义（基本用法）不定式：表示目的和将来；动词的 ing：表示主动和进行；过去分词：表示被动和完成。
三、非谓语动词的时态和语态不定式 主动 被动ing 形 主动式被动一般式完成式进行式to doto have done to be doingto be done to have been donedoinghaving donebeing done having been done过去分 被动 词done四、非谓语动词的否定形式 在非谓语动词前加 not, never. 即 not / never to do, not / never doing五、非谓语动词的复合结构 不定式的复合结构：for / of sb. to do sth. 动词 ing 形式的复合结构：宾格或所有格+doing (-ing 形式作主语时，用的所有格＋doing)六、非谓语动词的做题步骤 1、判定是否用非谓语形式。
方法：看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词了 2、找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。
方法：非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。
3、判断主被动关系。
方法：非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动还是被动关系。
4、判断时间关系。
方法：分析句子，看看非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前、之后还是同时。
之前常用 done; 之后常用 to do; 同时常用 doing. 学习非谓语形式时，建议把三种形式一起来比较学习，会更加有效一些。
七、非谓语动词作主语和表语的比较 1、不定式和动名词作主语和表语 a. 不定式表示一次性的、具体的动词。
动词 ing 常表示一般的、泛指的或习惯性的动作。
如： ________ is a good form of exercise for both young and old. A. The walk B. Walking C. To walk D. Walk b. 不定式作主语时，常用 it 作形式主语，即用句型：It is + adj. / n. + (for / of sb. ) to dosth. It’s important for us to learn English well. It’s kind of you to help us. 注意：下面几个句型是用动名词： It’s no good / use doing sth. It’s useless doing sth. There is no need to do sth. 2、不定式、动名词、分词作表语的比较 1、不定式、动名词作表语，.表示主语的内容。
(完整版)高中英语非谓语动词详解
第二讲非谓语动词教学重点1, 非谓语动词和谓语动词的区别；2, 非谓语动词的各种形式和应用；3, 非谓语动词的考点解析。
一、非谓语动词与非谓语动词的区别1•谓语动词在句中可单独作谓语，而非谓语动词不能单独作谓语。
如：Miss Mary teaches us English .玛丽教我们英语。
（teaches是谓语动词。
）Mr Victor came to our classroom to have a talk with us last week.维克托先生上周末来到了我们教室和我们谈话。
（to have a talk不定式作状语）2•谓语动词受主语的人称和数的限制，而非谓语动词形式没有这种限制。
如：Tom likes the pop music.汤姆喜欢流行音乐。
（动词用第三人称单数形式）Tom has nothing to do today.汤姆今天没有什么事要做。
（do用原形）二、非谓语动词的各种形式和应用非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和分词。
其动能和形式如下：非谓语动词在句中所做的成分如下:三、考点解析非谓语动词一直是高考中的热点。
解答非谓语动词的题目时，一定要解析句子结构，确定所设空是谓语动词还是非谓语动词，以及非谓语动词在句子中充当的功能（如状语、定语或宾补）；找准相关动词的逻辑主语，确定该动词与逻辑主语是什么关系（主动还是被动）；搜索句子中相关的时间信息，确定非谓语动词的恰当形式。
1 动名词和不定式作表语①如果表语是不定式，主语也是不定式；表语是动名词，主语也是动名词。
如：To see is to believe= See ing is believ ing.②动名词作主语的句型。
如：It is no use/no good/useless doing sth.It is a waste of time doing（也可用It is a waste of time to do）③动词不定式和动名词的复合结构：动词不定式的复合结构有两种：It is difficult/easy/possible/necessary/...for sb. to do sth和It is kind/wise/foolish/considerate/...of sb. to de。
(完整版)非谓语动词作宾语语法讲解和练习
非谓语动词作宾语的讲解和练习定义：在句子中充当除谓语以外的各种句子成分的动词形式，叫做非谓语动词(the Non-Finite Verbs)。
非谓语动词也是动词的一种，他们有着动词的其他特点，可以充当主语、宾语、状语等。
非谓语动词与谓语动词是相对的概念。
主要包括不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词），即动词的非谓语形式。
一.动名词做宾语的口诀 : 即动词+v.ing考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准逃亡难以忍受始反对，想要成功坚持忙习惯放弃有困难，导致专心防道歉。
解析：（记住口诀中对应的动词，）第一句包含的动词有：consider, suggest/advise, look forward to, excuse/pardon,第二节包含的动词有：admit, delay/put off, fancy（想像，想要）,第三句包含的动词有：avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practice,第四句句包含的动词有：deny（否认，拒绝）, finish, enjoy/appreciate（欣赏）,第五句包含的动词有：forbid, imagine, risk（冒险）第六句包含的动词有：can't help, mind, allow/permit, escape.第七句包含的动词有：can't stand(难以忍受），set about 开始，着手，object to（反对）,第八句包含动词有：feel like（想要），succeed in (成功)，stick to(坚持) ，insist on（坚持，强调，坚决要求），be busy (in)（忙于做某事）第九句包含的动词有：be used/accustomed to(习惯于…），give up（放弃）, have difficulty/trouble (in), （做某事有困难）第十句包含的动词有：lead to（导致）, devote to（将…奉献给；把…专用于），prevent…… from……（预防，防止），apologize for（为……道歉）,此外，have a good/wonderful/hard time (in), spend time (in),thank you for, pay attention to, aim at 目的在于，旨在；瞄准；企图,accuse…of… 控告；谴责，get down to（开始认真处理，对待）, etc.二、通常只能接不定式作宾语的动词：(即：动词+to do) 记忆口诀如下：同意提出做计划，要求答应来帮忙。
非谓语动词讲解
非谓语动词语法讲解一、非谓语动词的概念动词的基本用法是作谓语。
当句中已经有了谓语动词了，要选或要填的动词就只能用非谓语形式了。
非谓语形式有三种：1、动词不定式：to do 2、动词的ing : doing 3、动词的过去分词：done★不定式：表示目的和将来；动词的ing：表示主动和进行；过去分词：表示被动和完成。
二、非谓语动词的时态和语态完成式进行式·一般式不定式主动to do to have done to be doingto have been done被动@to be doneing 形式主动doing having done被动:having been donebeing done过去分词被动done三．非谓语动词的句法功能：（一）动词不定式：to+do:1．不定式的否定式：not + to do（1）一般式：不定式的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生I'm glad to meet you.He seems to know a lot.（2）进行式：不定式的动作正在发生The boy pretended to be working hard.He seems to be reading in his room.（3）完成式：不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前I regretted to have told a lie.I happened to have seen the film.(2．不定式的句法功能：（1）作主语：To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard.★动词不定式短语作主语时，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语不定式置于句后It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes.It means failure to lose your heart.（2）作表语：Her job is to clean the hall.He appears to have caught a cold.（3）作宾语：：常与不定式做宾语连用的动词有：want, hope, wish, offer, fail, plan, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, prefer。
非谓语动词专项讲解（一）
非谓语动词专项讲解（一）第一篇：非谓语动词专项讲解(一)一、非谓语动词概说顾名思义，非谓语动词就是不能作谓语的一种动词形式。
非谓语动词有三种：动词不定式、动名词和分词。
分词又分为现在分词和过去分词。
二、动词不定式1.不定式的构成与特征动词不定式是动词的一种非限定形式，一般由“to ＋动词原形”构成。
它在句中起名词、形容词或副词的作用，同时也保留着动词的一些特征，可以带宾语或状语。
例如：At the 2004 Athens Olympic Games, Liu Xiang excited people all over Asia when he became the first Asian to win the gold medal in the men’s 110-metre hurdles.在2004年雅典奥运会上，刘翔在110米跨栏比赛中成为第一个获得金牌的亚洲人，使全亚洲人兴奋不已。
（不定式起形容词作用，同时带有宾语和状语）2.不定式的功能与用法1）作主语It is difficult to imagine a more inhospitable place.很难想像出一个比这更不适合居住的地方。
（it作形式主语，to imagine a more inhospitable place为真正的主语）2）作表语The aim of the treaty is to prevent the commercial and military use of the continent.这个公约的目的是防止商业和军事上使用这个洲。
3）作宾语He was very happy to meet two foreigners and wanted to learn all about Europe.他很高兴遇到两个外国人，于是想全面了解欧洲。
注意：两个不定式并列时，第二个不定式to省略。
例如： People like to meet in the evening and watch the moon.人们喜欢在夜晚聚在一起赏月。
非谓语动词用法归纳(语法)
非谓语动词用法归纳(语法)大家好，今天我们来聊聊非谓语动词的用法。
非谓语动词就是不直接跟在主语后面的动词，它们可以表示动作的状态、时间、原因、目的等等。
那么，非谓语动词有哪些用法呢？我们一起来看看吧！1. 动词不定式动词不定式是最常见的非谓语动词形式，它由“to”加上动词原形构成。
例如：I want to go home.(我想回家。
)She likes to read books.(她喜欢读书。
)They need to finish their homework.(他们需要完成作业。
)2. 动名词动名词是由动词加上“-ing”构成的名词，它可以表示动作的状态或者作为主语、宾语等。
例如：Swimming is my favorite sport.(游泳是我最喜欢的运动。
)I enjoy reading books in my spare time.(我喜欢在业余时间看书。
)He suggested having a picnic in the park.(他建议在公园里野餐。
)3. 过去分词过去分词是由动词加上“-ed”构成的形容词，它可以表示动作的完成或者作为定语、状语等。
例如：The movie was interesting.(这部电影很有趣。
)He has finished his work.(他已经完成了工作。
)The broken vase should be thrown away.(那个打破的花瓶应该扔掉。
)4. 现在分词现在分词是由动词加上“-ing”构成的形容词，它可以表示动作正在进行或者作为定语、状语等。
例如：Walking in the park is good for your health.(在公园里散步对身体有好处。
)She is studying English at the moment.(她现在正在学英语。
)The running water sounds very soothing.(流水声听起来很舒缓。
语法解析：非谓语动词不定式讲解
语法解析：非谓语动词不定式讲解定义：动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，它没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能独立作谓语，但它仍保持动词的特点，可以有自己的宾语和状语。
一、不定式的意义1不定式的一般式：一般式表示的动作或状态发生在谓语动词表示的动作或状态的同时或之后。
当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式一般要用被动式tobedoneeg:2不定式的进行式：进行式表示动作正在进行，与谓语的动作同时发生。
不定式的完成式：如果不定式所表示的动作或状态发生在谓语动词所表示动作或状态之前，就用完成式；若是在此基础上的被动含义，就用完成被动式tohavebeendone不定式的完成进行式：如果不定式的动作是在谓语所表示的时间之前一直在进行或有可能继续进行的动作，就要用完成进行式eg:We’reha euebuthere,thoughwehadinvitedhimto学以致用：’t’ttae,buthismothertoldhim______’veheardhim_______aboutyouoften,todayhewasmade______byhislittlesister ；tocry ；；cry ；cryA towashB washingC washD tobewashing’A learn’resomanyindsoftaaeuind_______tobuy ’’18“Haveyoudecidedwh en______”“Yes,tomorrowmorning ”’tnow______tostayornot’tturnedupyet[参考答案]1-5DBBAA6-10CCAAA11-15CADAB16-20BBAAA解析：1．告诉某人不做某事2．taesthforgranted“把某事想当然”，是一个固定词组。
’ttaeitforgrantedthateveryoneshouldhelpyou你不要认为每个人都理应帮助你。
非谓语动词语法详解
非谓语动词语法详解.一.主语.1. 动名词和不定式作主语时，都可以用it 作形式主语，构成句型：it +be +表语+to do /doing sth. 当用作表语的是important , essential, necessary , unnecessary, possible, impossible, easy , difficult 等表示客观情况的形容词时，常用不定式作主语；当用作表语的是no use, no good, useful, useless, worth, worth while, a waste of time 等表主观短语时，常用动名词作主语。
Eg: it is important for us students to learn english well.It is impossible for them to finish the work within two hours.It is no use arguing with him about the matter.I don’t think it’s much good writing to him.It’s a waste of time trying to persuade her to agree.2．动名词短语作主语时表示抽象动作，通常不与特定的动作执行者联系在一起；不定式作主语表示具体动作，往往与特定的动作执行者联系在一起。
Eg: lying is wrong. (泛指)To lies is wrong. (特指)It’s no use crying over split milk.He realized that it was no use to go on like this.二．. 非谓语作宾语1．1）Would you mind lending me your English dictionary for a while?2) She can’t help crying after she listened to the sad story .3) I suggested trying it in a different way .4) I ‘ve been looking forward to hearing from you for a long time.5) He insisted on finishing the work before going home.6) Upon returning from Beijing, he went to visit his friends.7) He took a great delight in helping others.8) he didn’t metion having met me .9) I still remember having ever worked with him .10) I enjoyed watching TV program in the evening.11) the car needs reparing .12) the problem deserves explaining .13) This phonomenon requires studying carefully.14) The book is worth reading We don’t allow smoking in the classroom.He dislikes seeing her again.Mary is considering going abroad.Have you finished checking these machines?Working conditions keep improving, and production keeps going up , as well. He really appreciates having time to relax.He is fond of learning English.She left without telling me.1) I need to fetch a tape from a friend2) do you want me to find one stamp for you ?3) I have arranged to meet here at 10:00.I’d prefer to walk there this morning.I’d hate to leave you like that .She’d like to chat with university students.扩：1) agree , afford , aim , apply , arrange, ask , choose, claim, decide, demand, determine, fail , hope , learn , offer, plan , pretend, promise, refuse, want 等后只用to do .2)admit , allow , appreciate , avoid , consider, deny , dislike, encourage,enjoy, escape , excuse, finish , forbid , imagine, keep , mind , permit , practice 等词后只用doing3)stop doing sth / to do sth 停止做某事/停下来去做某事remember doing sth/ to do sth. 记得做过某事/记住要去做某事forget doing sth/ to do sth 记了做过某事/ 忘了做某事regret doing sth / to do sth 后悔做过某事/ 遗憾地。
高中英语非谓语动词讲解 (整理)
高中英语非谓语动词讲解 (整理)非谓语动词是指包括不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词在内的一类动词形式。
它们不受主语人称和数的限制，不能充当谓语，但可以充当句子的其他成分。
此外，它们也有时态和语态的变化。
动词不定式是非谓语动词中的一种形式，它没有人称和数的变化，不能独立作谓语，但仍然保持动词的特点，可以有自己的宾语和状语。
动词不定式有一般式、完成式、进行式和完成进行式四种形式。
当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式一般要用被动式。
不定式的一般式表示的动作或状态发生在谓语动词表示的动作或状态的同时或之后。
例如：XXX。
The building to be finished next month is for our teachers。
不定式的进行式表示动作正在进行，与谓语的动作同时发生。
例如：When I went to his home。
he XXX the world。
3.不定式的完成式：如果不定式所表示的动作或状态发生在谓语动词所表示的动作或状态之前，就要用完成式；如果是被动含义，就要用完成被动式（to have been done）。
例如：据说他已经写了一部关于长征的小说。
他据说在孩提时就被教授法语。
4.不定式的完成进行式：如果不定式的动作在谓语所表示的时间之前一直在进行或有可能继续进行，就要用完成进行式。
例如：我们很高兴一整个月都在和专家们一起工作。
二、不定式的用法：1.不定式做主语：不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作，而动名词doing则表示惯的、经常的动作。
例如：做这些事情是愚蠢的。
看见才能相信。
2.不定式做表语：不定式作表语常表示将来的动作或状态。
3.动词不定式作宾语：某些动词只能用动词不定式作宾语，如ask、agree、care、choose、demand、decide、expect、fail、help、hope、learn、manage、offer、plan、prepare、pretend、promise、refuse、want、wish等。
非谓语动词.学生版
初中英语基础模块06——非谓语动词非谓语动词能够熟练掌握非谓语动词的基本的用法在北京中考中要求考生对非谓语动词的掌握往往集中在对固定用法的考查上。
内容基本要求非谓语动词一、非谓语动词的三种形式；二、非谓语动词的用法；三、非谓语动词中需要注意的一些问题。
根据英语动词在句中是否独立用作谓语，可以把动词分为谓语动词和非谓语动词两种。
谓语动词是指动词在句中独立作谓语时采用的形式，如各种时态的形式；非谓语动词是指动词在句中不独立作谓语时采用的形式，包括不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词、过去分词）三种。
考点一：动词不定式 1．不定式形式动词不定式的基本形式是“to ＋动词原形”，称为带 to 的不定式。
如：He wanted to sit down. 他想坐下。
（带 to 的不定式）Let him sit down. 让他坐下。
（不带 to 的不定式）注意：这里的 to 只是个语法符号，没有词义。
不定式在句中不能独立做谓语，也没有人称和数的变化。
易错点：动词不定式否定形式：not + (to) + do2．不定式的基本用法动词不定式虽然是动词的一种形式，但是它却具有名词、形容词和副词的功能，因此在句中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语（宾补）、定语、状语等。
满分必备攻略命题人怎么想中考怎么考①用作主语：不定式做主语时，常用it 做形式主语，而将真正的主语放在句末，其结构为It is + adj. + (for/ of) + 动词不定式。
如：To learn a foreign language is not easy. It is not easy to learn a foreign language.To help the poor is his duty. It is his duty to help the poor.注意：在kind; good; nice; clever 等表示人的品质的形容词后，不用for 而用of。
非谓语动词语法讲解ppt课件
To do 的作用（2） --作主语
It takes me an hour to walk to school every day. It takes him 2yuan to buy a mask.
It takes sb time/money + to do sth. 做某事花费了某人…时间和金钱
非谓语动词 doing
辨 析
找一找谓语动词&非谓语动词
He likes playing basketball everyday.
We can learn English well by reading a lot.
He feels like going shopping with his friends.
辨
一.辨析题 for of
析 1. It's very hard ___ him to study two languages.
2. It's very kind ___ you to look after my cat.
3. It’s clever ___ you to work out the maths problem.
导 入
I am wearing the mask given by others.
I miss the film seen before by me.
找一找动词
导 入
I am wearing the mask given by others.
谓语动词
非谓语动词 done
I miss the film seen before by me.
测
一.单选题
试
( ) 1.It’s necessary for us_________to our parents when we
非谓语动词用法归纳(语法)
非谓语动词用法归纳(语法)一、非谓语动词的定义与分类在我们的日常生活和工作中，非谓语动词无处不在。
它们是指在句子中不作主语、宾语、表语或补足语等成分，但却对句子的意义起着重要作用的动词形式。
非谓语动词分为动词不定式、动名词和过去分词三种形式。
下面我们分别来了解一下这三种非谓语动词的特点和用法。
1.1 动词不定式动词不定式是非谓语动词中最常用的一种形式，它由“to+动词原形”构成，例如：to eat、to play、to study等。
动词不定式可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语等成分。
下面我们通过一些例子来具体了解一下动词不定式的用法。
例1:我喜欢吃苹果。
在这个句子中，“吃苹果”是一个动作，而“喜欢”是对这个动作的态度，所以“吃苹果”用动词不定式“to eat apples”表示。
例2:我明天要去上学。
在这个句子中，“去上学”是一个动作，而“明天”表示时间，所以“去上学”用动词不定式“to go to school”表示。
1.2 动名词动名词是动词的一种非谓语形式，它由动词原形加上-ing构成，例如：eating、playing、studying等。
动名词可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语等成分。
下面我们通过一些例子来具体了解一下动名词的用法。
例3:我喜欢吃水果。
在这个句子中，“吃水果”是一个动作，而“喜欢”是对这个动作的态度，所以“吃水果”用动名词“eating fruits”表示。
例4:她正在学习汉语。
在这个句子中，“学习汉语”是一个动作，而“正在”表示进行时态，所以“学习汉语”用动名词“studying Chinese”表示。
1.3 过去分词过去分词是动词的一种非谓语形式，它由动词原形加上-ed构成，例如：eaten、played、studied等。
过去分词可以作定语、表语和状语等成分。
下面我们通过一些例子来具体了解一下过去分词的用法。
例5:我喜欢吃的水果有苹果、香蕉和橙子。
在这个句子中，“吃的水果”是一个名词短语，而“喜欢的”表示这个名词短语的特征，所以“吃的水果”用过去分词形式的名词“eating fruits”表示。
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非谓语动词语法讲解一、非谓语动词的概念动词的基本用法是作谓语。
当句中已经有了谓语动词了，要选或要填的动词就只能用非谓语形式了。
非谓语形式有三种：1、动词不定式：to do 2、动词的ing : doing 3、动词的过去分词：done 二、三种形式的含义（基本用法）不定式：表示目的和将来；动词的ing：表示主动和进行；过去分词：表示被动和完成。
三、非谓语动词的时态和语态一般式完成式进行式不定式主动to do to have done to be doing被动to be done to have beendoneing 形式主动doing having done 被动being done having beendone过去分词被动done四、非谓语动词的否定形式在非谓语动词前加not, never. 即 not / never to do, not / never doing五、非谓语动词的复合结构不定式的复合结构：for / of sb. to do sth.动词 ing 形式的复合结构：宾格或所有格+doing (-ing 形式作主语时，用的所有格＋doing)六、非谓语动词的做题步骤1、判定是否用非谓语形式。
方法：看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词了2、找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。
方法：非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。
3、判断主被动关系。
方法：非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动还是被动关系。
4、判断时间关系。
方法：分析句子，看看非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前、之后还是同时。
之前常用 done; 之后常用to do; 同时常用doing.学习非谓语形式时，建议把三种形式一起来比较学习，会更加有效一些。
七、非谓语动词作主语和表语的比较1、不定式和动名词作主语和表语a. 不定式表示一次性的、具体的动词。
动词ing 常表示一般的、泛指的或习惯性的动作。
如：________ is a good form of exercise for both young and old.A. The walkB. WalkingC. To walkD. Walkb. 不定式作主语时，常用it 作形式主语，即用句型：It is + adj. / n. + (for / of sb. ) to do sth.It’s important for us to learn English well.It’s kind of you to help us.注意：下面几个句型是用动名词：It’s no good / use doing sth.It’s useless doing sth.There is no need to do sth.2、不定式、动名词、分词作表语的比较1、不定式、动名词作表语，.表示主语的内容。
如：My job is teaching / to teach English. (teaching / to teach English 是my job的内容)Knowing who we are means knowing what we like to do. （主表语要用同一种形式）2、分词作表语记住：一些表示情感、情绪的动词，常用分词形式作表语。
现在分词表示主语的性质特征，用过去分词表示主语的状态。
常用动词：surprise (使某人吃惊)， surprising (令人吃惊)， surprised (主语)感到吃惊）类似动词有：excite (激动)，astonish (惊奇)，shock (震惊)，scare (惊恐)，disappoint (失望)，move （感动），如：The movie is exciting. We are excited at the news.3、在seem / appear (似乎，好像)， prove / turn out (被证明是)， remain (仍然是，尚待)等连系动词后，可用不定式作表语。
如：He seemed (to be ) very happy.非谓语动词十大解题原则非谓语动词主要包括to do, -ing和-ed三种形式，可是其用法非常广泛，它不仅是高考单项选择题测试的一个重点，而且也是完形填空、阅读理解、短文改错的重要考查内容。
为了能更好地掌握非谓语动词的用法，笔者在教学实践中总结出十条实用的解题原则，并且还用相关的题目来解释这些原则。
根据这些原则，相信同学们可以轻松地应对非谓语动词。
原则一、两个句子必须要用连词连接，如果没有连词连接，则需要用非谓语动词例1. _________ many times, but he still couldn’t understand it.A. Having been toldB. Having toldC. He had been toldD. Though he had been told例2．_________ many times, he still couldn’t understand it.A. Having been toldB. Having toldC. He had been toldD. Though he had told原则二、不及物动词无-ed形式非谓语动词，及物动词有宾语时用-ing形式，无宾语时用-ed形式例3. ____________ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police.A. Having lostB. LostC. Being lostD. Losing例4. __________, I really believe that I’d prefer not to make any change now.A. Considered all the possibilitiesB. Taking all the possibilities into considerationC. Taken all the possibilities into considerationD. Giving all the possibilities原则三、being done 表示“正在被”，一般不作状语，只作定语。
非谓语动词的完成时形式to have done或having done强调该动作发生在句子谓语动词之前例5. __ to reach them on the phone, we sent an email instead.A. FailB. FailedC. To failD. Having failed例6. Tim Bemers-Lee is generally considered _____ the World Wide Web, on which all the information is shared by all.A. to have foundedB. having foundedC. foundingD. to found原则四、非谓语动词作定语时，表示将来用-to do，表正在进行用-ing，表示已经完成用-ed例7. The play_____ next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture．A．produced B．being producedC．to be produced D．having been produced例8.The trees _____ in the storm have been moved off the road.A. being blown downB. blown downC. blowing downD. to blow down原则五、介词后跟-ing形式，可以在-ing前加逻辑主语例9. The discovery of new evidence led to ______________.A. the thief having been caughtB. the thief to be caughtC. catch the thiefD. the thief being caught例10. At the beginning of class, the noise of desks ____ could be heard outside the classroom.A. opened and closedB. to be opened and closedC. being opened and closedD. to open and close原则六、-ing形式或to do可作主语或宾语，-ed形式则不可以例11. ___________ in a heavy traffic jam is quite an unpleasant experience.A. CaughtB. Having caughtC. Being caughtD. To catch例12 ___twice a year, whether it is a car or a bus or a truck, is the rule that every driver must obey in this city.A. ExaminingB. ExaminedC. Being examinedD. Having been examined原则七、be+-ed+介词结构常可把be去掉保留-ed+介词做状语例13Michael’s new house is like a huge palace, ______with his old one.A. comparingB. comparesC. to compareD. compared例14 _______ with a difficult situation, Arnold decided to ask his boss for advice.A. To faceB. Having facedC. FacedD. Facing原则八、非谓语动词作状语，其逻辑主语必须和句子主语保持一致，和句子主语构成主谓关系时用-ing形式，构成动宾关系是用-ed形式。
其逻辑主语和句子主语不一致时，要在非谓语动词前加逻辑主语，构成独立主格结构例15． ____ twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we changed our dog.A. Being bittenB. BittenC. Having bittenD. To be bitten例16._______ in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring.A. To walk.B. WalkingC. WalkedD. Having walked例17. While watching television, __________.A. the doorbell rangB. the doorbell ringsC. we heard the doorbell ringD. we heard the doorbell rings例18. The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons ____ for the day.A. finishingB. finishedC. had finishedD. were finished原则九、不定式做状语一般有两种：目的状语和出乎意料的结果状语（表示顺其自然的结果用-ing形式）。