What is Cloning

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选修 8 unit 2 cloning

The new plants that grow from the runners （蔓藤植物）are exact copies of the original plant.
Twins
They are born naturally and identical in sex and appearance.
Cloning can help save
endangered animals Cloning can provide a copy of a child for a couple whose child has died
Quiz
In pairs, look at these pictures and discuss which ones are natural clones and which ones are man-made. Think about how they differ.
A strawberry plant
The writer’s attitude towards cloning
A. Objective (be fair) B. Negative (be against it) C. Positive (be in favour of it)
the author does not state any personal Because______________________________ opinion about cloning.
3. What problems may arise when humans are cloned? • People may want to clone themselves so they can live forever. • People may want to clone dead children. • People may want to clone their favourite pets.

高中英语《Unit 2 Cloning Where is it leading us》优质教学课件设计

reasons are as follows : For one thing , it can
I am against cloning. My reasons are as follows :
help us find cures for
For one thing , not all
serious illnesses.
supported.
1.Write a composition about your opinions of cloning animals according to your discussion.
2.Surf the Internet and write a report on peoples’ attitudes to cloning.
Dolly caused argument. Evil leaders hoped to clone 4. _th_emselves(them) for their ambitions. Religious leaders 5.raise_d (raise) moral questions. Some governments 6. fo_rb_ade(forbid) research into human cloning while others continued. Scientists may use it 7._to cure_ (cure) serious illnesses. But we still wonder where it is leading us.
aDt’olly’s fate Dolly was born.
scientists’ feelings
excited
Dolly developed normally.

高中英语人教版选择性必修一 Unit 2 Cloning Where is it leading

It happens both in __p_la_n_t_s__ and in _a_n_im__a_l_s .
Para.2
major uses
First, gardeners use it to produce large quantities of plants for sale. Second, it is valuable for research on new plant species and for medical research on animals.
big C. People believe that eating
concerns animal products that result from
major
cloning will surely do good to our
uses
health.
D. The possibility of using cloning
identical to sheep B but
younger is born.
The combined cell divides
and grows into an embryo.
Paras. 4&5
List the major uses of cloning in the future:
Which of the following is NOT a concern of cloning?
A.
B.
C.
D.
2. Match the main ideas with each paragraph.
Tip: A. Possible uses of cloning in the future.

人教版高中英语选修8全册教案

选修8黎巨森、蒋茹、罗培芳、罗丽霞Unit 1 A land of diversityPeriod 1 ReadingTeaching goalsEnable the students to talk about things about the USA.Help the students learn the huge diversity of races and cultures in America, especially in California.Teaching important and difficult pointsLearn the huge diversity of races and cultures in California.Teaching methodsFast and careful reading; asking and answering activity; individual, pair or group work. Teaching aidsA map, a blackboard and a computerTeaching proceduresStep 1 Warming up.Ask the students to describe what they learn about the USA.Ask the students to tell things about California including its location, size, population, economy, history etc. What do you learn about CaliforniaShow the students some pictures and encourage students not only to say what each picture is about but how each one relates to California.Step 3 Fast readingRead through the passage and get the main idea.Reading comprehension.Ask the students the following questions:When you look at the title, what so you think of2) Why is the USA called a melting potStep 4 Detail readingBeside each cultural group , write the period in which they first came to California in large numbers.Step 5 After readingWhy is California in the 21st century such a multicultural community (Using 3 or 4 sentences to explain. )Step 6 HomeworkFinish “Learning about language〞on page 4.Period 2 Extensive ReadingTeaching aims: 1. Improve Ss’ ability of reading2. 德育目的：理解美国多元文化，进一步培育学生跨文化交际意识，为终身学习奠定良好根底。

高中英语选修2知识点总结

高中英语选修2知识点总结Unit 1 Cultural relics1. What is a cultural relic?Cultural relics are objects of historical, cultural, artistic, or scientific value that have survived from the past. They can include ancient artifacts, historical buildings, archaeological sites, and works of art.2. The importance of cultural relicsCultural relics are important because they provide a tangible link to the past, helping us to understand and appreciate different cultures, histories, and artistic achievements. They also have educational, economic, and tourism value.3. The protection of cultural relicsCultural relics need to be protected from natural decay, human theft, and looting. Governments, organizations, and individuals all have a role to play in preserving these valuable assets for future generations.4. Famous cultural relicsThere are many famous cultural relics around the world, such as the Great Wall of China, the Pyramids of Egypt, Stonehenge in England, and the Parthenon in Greece.Unit 2 Cloning1. What is cloning?Cloning is the process of creating an identical copy of an organism or cell. There are different types of cloning, including reproductive cloning, therapeutic cloning, and molecular cloning.2. The science behind cloningCloning involves taking the DNA from a donor cell and inserting it into an egg cell, which is then implanted into a surrogate mother. The result is a genetic copy of the original organism.3. The ethics of cloningCloning is a controversial topic that raises ethical questions about the sanctity of life, the potential for exploitation, and the implications for human identity and individuality.4. Applications of cloningCloning has potential applications in medicine, agriculture, and conservation, including the production of genetically modified organisms, the preservation of endangered species, and the development of new treatments for genetic diseases.Unit 3 Travel journal1. The benefits of travelingTraveling provides an opportunity for personal growth, cultural enrichment, and relaxation. It can also encourage the development of language skills, social awareness, and a broader perspective on the world.2. Keeping a travel journalA travel journal is a record of a person's experiences, feelings, and reflections during their travels. It can help to capture and preserve memories, document observations, and providea record of personal growth.3. Tips for effective travel journalingEffective travel journaling involves creating a narrative, using descriptive language, and including personal reflections. It should also be supplemented with sketches, photographs, and mementos.4. The value of a travel journalA travel journal can serve as a source of inspiration, a record of accomplishments, and a reminder of the importance of experiencing new things and stepping outside of one's comfort zone.Unit 4 Wildlife protection1. The importance of wildlife protectionWildlife is an essential part of the ecosystem and plays a vital role in maintaining the balance of nature. Protecting wildlife helps to preserve biodiversity, sustain ecosystems, and safeguard the planet's natural beauty.2. Threats to wildlifeWildlife faces numerous threats, including habitat loss, pollution, climate change, poaching, and human-wildlife conflict. These threats can endanger vulnerable species and lead to their extinction.3. Measures for wildlife protectionTo protect wildlife, it is important to establish and manage protected areas, regulate hunting and trade, promote sustainable land use, and raise public awareness through education and advocacy.4. The role of individuals in wildlife protectionIndividuals can contribute to wildlife protection by supporting conservation organizations, participating in research and monitoring efforts, reducing their environmental impact, and advocating for policy changes.Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors1. The study of human evolutionThe study of human evolution focuses on the biological and cultural changes that have occurred in human ancestors over time, leading to the development of modern humans. 2. The search for human ancestorsScientists use various methods to search for human ancestors, including fossil discovery, genetic analysis, and archaeological research. These methods help to piece together the story of human evolution.3. The significance of human ancestorsStudying human ancestors helps to understand where we come from, how we are related to other species, and how we have adapted to different environments. It also sheds light on the cultural achievements of early humans.4. The impact of human ancestors on modern humansThe traits and behaviors that emerged in human ancestors have shaped the development of modern humans, influencing our physical appearance, cognitive abilities, social structures, and cultural practices.Unit 6 Seasons and weather1. The concept of seasons and weatherSeasons are the recurring patterns of change in temperature, precipitation, and daylight that occur throughout the year, while weather refers to the short-term atmospheric conditions, such as temperature, humidity, and wind.2. Factors influencing weather and climateSeveral factors influence weather and climate, including latitude, altitude, topography, ocean currents, and air masses. These factors create different climatic zones and weather patterns around the world.3. The impact of seasons and weather on human activitiesSeasons and weather have a significant impact on human activities, influencing agriculture, transportation, construction, and outdoor recreation. They also affect human health and well-being.4. Adapting to seasonal and weather changesHumans have developed various technologies, practices, and traditions to adapt to seasonal and weather changes, such as building shelters, creating clothing, and using farming techniques suited to different climates.Unit 7 Chemical reactions1. What are chemical reactions?Chemical reactions are processes in which substances combine or break apart to form new compounds. They involve the rearrangement of atoms and the breaking and forming of chemical bonds.2. Types of chemical reactionsChemical reactions can be classified into different types, including synthesis, decomposition, combustion, single replacement, double replacement, and acid-base reactions.3. The factors influencing chemical reactionsSeveral factors influence chemical reactions, such as temperature, pressure, concentration, and the presence of catalysts or inhibitors. These factors can speed up or slow down the rate of reaction.4. Applications of chemical reactionsChemical reactions have many practical applications in everyday life, industry, and the natural world, such as food preparation, fuel combustion, metal extraction, and the functioning of biological systems.Unit 8 Innovations1. The importance of innovationInnovation is the process of creating new ideas, products, or methods to solve problems, improve efficiency, and spark progress in different fields. It is crucial for economic growth, social development, and human advancement.2. Innovation in science and technologyScience and technology have driven numerous innovations, such as the development of electricity, computers, the internet, vaccines, and renewable energy sources, which have transformed the way we live and work.3. Innovation in the arts and humanitiesInnovation in the arts and humanities involves the creation of new forms of expression, communication, and cultural experiences, such as literature, music, visual arts, film, and performance.4. Encouraging and supporting innovationInnovation can be encouraged and supported through education, research and development funding, intellectual property protection, and collaboration between individuals, organizations, and governments.Unit 9 Language1. The importance of languageLanguage is essential for communication, expression, and the transmission of knowledge and culture. It is a fundamental aspect of human identity and social interaction.2. The study of languageLinguistics is the scientific study of language, including its structure, origins, evolution, and use. It encompasses various subfields, such as phonetics, syntax, semantics, and sociolinguistics.3. The diversity of languagesThere are thousands of languages spoken around the world, each with its unique characteristics, vocabulary, and grammar. Language diversity reflects the richness of human experiences and cultural heritage.4. Language and identityLanguage shapes and reflects individual and group identities, defining social, cultural, and national affiliations. It also plays a crucial role in the preservation and transmission of cultural traditions.Unit 10 The Internet1. The impact of the internetThe internet has revolutionized the way we communicate, access information, conduct business, and interact with the world. It has facilitated globalization, democratized knowledge, and transformed social relationships.2. The development of the internetThe internet began as a research project in the late 1960s and gradually evolved into a global network of interconnected computers. It has since expanded to include various services, such as email, the World Wide Web, and social media.3. The benefits and challenges of the internetThe internet has brought numerous benefits, such as enhanced communication, increased access to education, and economic opportunities. However, it has also raised concerns about privacy, cybersecurity, and digital divide.4. Navigating the internet responsiblyIt is important to use the internet responsibly by being critical of online information, respecting intellectual property, protecting personal data, and promoting digital literacy and ethics.In conclusion, High School English Elective 2 covers a wide range of topics, including cultural relics, cloning, travel journaling, wildlife protection, human evolution, seasons and weather, chemical reactions, innovations, language, and the internet. These topics offer valuable insights on the importance of preserving the past, understanding scientific advances, embracing cultural diversity, adapting to environmental changes, promoting creativity, fostering communication, and using technology responsibly. By studying these topics, students can gain a deeper understanding of the world around them and develop critical thinking, empathy, and global awareness.。

克隆技术【英文】

Gurdon (cont)

A small percentage of the eggs with the transplanted nuclei developed past the cleavage stage into tadpoles and adults Later experiments using the transplanted nuclei from adult toad skin, kidney, heart and lung cells produced the same results
Cloning Molecules and Cells

DNA makes a copy when it replicates to make two molecules A cell divides by mitosis to make two identical daughter cells.
Other Cloned Mammals

Since Dolly, other mammal species have been successfully cloned. These include cow, goat, cat, pig, mule and gaur. In many of these attempts, such as the one producing CC the kitten, the donor nucleus is not removed from its cell but the donor cell is fused with an enucleated egg.
Dolly (cont)

What is your opinion of cloning human beings

«奇妙的克隆» 一书中写道：“有关克隆
人的讨论提醒着人们，科技进步是一首悲喜交集的进行曲。科技越发展，对社会的参透越广泛深入，就越有可能引起许多有关的伦理，道德和法律等问题。”
What is your opinion of cloning human beings ?
• IF there were a way to clone people with no negative health effects for either the person OR the clone, 如果有一种克隆的方式不会对人们的健康带来负面影响， • and there were a reasonable reason to clone people, and the clones would be treated with the same rights as any human, • 如果有一个合理的原因去克隆人,并且这些克隆人将拥有与人类相同的权利, • Then I would say it would be ok. • 然后我会同意克隆人的存在。
What is your opinion of cloning human beings ?
制作人：王瑾柠
How mucis cloning?

Cloning is a way of making an exact copy of another animal or plant.It can be divided into natural clone and man-made clone.A natural clone is one that occurs in nature and a man-made clone is one that is procured through human intervention(介入，干预).

英语：Unit2《Cloning》课件(新人教选修8)

UNIT TWO READING
CLONING : WHERE IS IT LEADING US
Skimming
Skim the text to find out the answers to the following questions.
1.What is cloning? Cloning is a way of making an exact copy of another animal and plant.
Cloning plants is straightforward while cloning animals is complicated.
The important events in animal cloning history
In 1952 tadpole was cloned . It is the first animal to be cloned
benefit the world. B. Animal cloning could be misused by bad
people so it must be forbidden. C. Animal cloning is well developed because
Dolly the sheep was born. D. Animal cloning raised arguments and
In 1963 , an Asian carp(鲤鱼） was cloned . Ten years later, a Chinese scientist named Tong dizhou cloned a European carp.
In 1996, a sheep called Dolley was born. It is the first mammal to be cloned. It is considered to be the greatest success in the development of cloning.

高中英语 Unit 2 Cloning What is cloning素材新人教版选修8(1)

What is cloning?Cloning means the production of genetically identical animals. In 1995 scientists at the Roslin Institute in Edinburgh, Scotland produced Megan and Morag - two lambs cloned from a single embryo. In 1996 Dolly the sheep was produced, the first example of a clone produced not from an embryo cell but from a cell taken from an adult sheep. She was cloned using a nuclear transfer technique, where the nucl eus from a cell taken from the mammary gland of an adult sheep was fused with an un fertilized egg from which the nucleus had been removed. 277 cells were fused in this way, resulting in 29 viable embryos which were implanted into surrogate Blackface ewes. One gave birth to Dolly. Dolly died in 2003 after suffering the signs of p remature ageing such as arthritis and a liver complaint.The 'production' of Dolly has sparked a cloning frenzy. 1998 saw the arrival of cows cloned using the same technique that produced M egan and Morag 1. The Roslin institute cloned the first pig in 2000 2. In the US in 2001 a rhesus macaque monkey called Tetra was cl oned 3. Also in the US in 2002 a cloned kitten was reported 4 in the same year as the first cloned rabbits in France 5. In 2003 the first cloned mule 6, horse 7 and rat 8 were reported.Animal welfareCloning involves many possibilities for detrimental effects on animals. For example, cloned lambs and calves are frequently abnormally large at birth - some have been twice normal size. One cloning expert admitted in 1992 that "many cloned calves are abnormal".9 In Australia, a l amb of five times the mean birth weight for the breed has been recorded. In addition, cloned animals are often found to have malformed internal organs.10 Both of these adverse effects were seen in the first Edinburgh experiments in 1995 that led to Megan and Morag. In addition to death through malformed internal organs, one lamb had to be delivered by caesarean section because it had grown to twice its normal size in the womb, and all but one of the five cloned lambs were at least 20% larger than they should have been.Immediately after birth many cloned lambs have breathing difficulties, are lethargicand often will not suckle. As a consequence, perinatal mortality is high. Miscarriage rates are also hig h; this is thought to be at least in part because of 'large offspring syndrome'.11C loning techniques also require a great deal of surgical intervention. Those sheep destined to be egg donors undergo hormone injections, followed by surgery to have the egg cells removed. Following nuclear transfer, it is common for the cloned embryos to b e surgically implanted into temporary recipient sheep. Six days later, these temporary 'foster mothers' are simply killed and the embryos removed. The embryos are then placed, again surgically, into the surrogate mother ewes. Some deliveries have been achieved via Caesarean section. So the process is far from simple, and the surgery required can reasonably be expected to inflict residual pain. Attempts to create clones of animals that have been already cloned could also result in increased suffering. In France 1999, a calf which was a clone of a clone died aged eight weeks of rapid depletion of blood cells and severe anaemia. The researchers concluded "…somatic cloning may be the cause of long-term deleterious effects".12One possible application of cloning, suggested by the Roslin team, is the facilitation of farm animal genetic engineering. If successful, the cloning technique could be used to 'mass produce' farm animals which had been genetically engineered to grow faster, bigger or leaner. Cloning could also be used to mass produce animals genetically engineered to produce pharmaceutical protei ns in their milk or blood (gene pharming), or for use in xenotransplantation. However, genetic engineering itself has a very poor track record in terms of animal welfare, and the BUAV is appalled at the idea of combining genetic engineering and cloning techniques. Former Archbishop John Habgood has written of the motives behind cloning experiments:"But should science be going down this road at all? What is the point of it? The simple answer is - money. The driving force behind most of the research in this field has come from the agricultural industry. I use the word industry deliberately. Cloning is a means of standardising products, and that is what industry alwayswants." 13It is clear that cloning may cause a great deal of animal suffering. The so-called 'benefits', such as the production of genetically identical herds or flocks of animals for intensive farming, may be seen as dubious or even highly unethical. T he BUAV therefore believes that the practice of cloning should be stopped immediately.。

高中英语 Unit2阅读 Cloning Where is it leading us教案新人教版选修8

英语选修8人教版新课标Unit 2阅读教案Unit 2 Cloning: Where isit leading us?授课题目授课教师所在学校职称或称号中教一级授课类型阅读课教学目标Be able to get familiar with some reading strategies: paragraphing, skimming and scanning.]Let students get aware of both cloning’s benefits to us and its disadvantages.Reflection to clone technology.重点难点Apply the reading strategies efficiently to the reading. Get the students involved in the class activities.教学方法创新点Learner-centered, tas k-based, group work, discussion 教具Computer, students’ page, blackboardTeaching ProceduresTeacher’s Activity(What and How)objectivesStep 1. Lead-in Ask some questions related to thecontent of the movie 《The CloneIsland》.Let students getinterested intoday’s topic by avideoStep 2. Presentation & Prediction Show the picture of Dolly to getsimpl e information of clone andcome into the text.Learn to predictinformation from thetitle andillustrationStep 3. Skimming Find out the main sentence of eachparagraph.Learn to read quicklyStep 4 Scanning Para 1&2Main idea:The definition of cloneand its work procedure.Qs: What is cloningIn what creatures does thistechnology happen?What major uses does cloninghave?What is it that make clone dreamachieved?Para 3Main idea: There are some problemsof cloned Dolly.Qs: What two contradictory news dothe scientists get?What illness does Dolly sufferfrom?What does the word “fate” referto?C. P12 Para 4&5Main idea: The impact of Dollyraises great conc ern amongdifferent group who give theirattitudes towards cloning.Qs: Can you guess the word“controversial”?How do evil leaders want to useclone?What groups does this partmention and find out theirattitude towards cloning?Learn to get detailedinformationA press conferenceStep 4: Discussion What are the advantages anddisadvantages of cloning?Learn to gi veattitudesStep 5: Homework Humancloning raised arguments andscientists are not sure about itsfuture. Your opinions.Practise writing。

克隆是什么英文作文

克隆是什么英文作文英文：Cloning is the process of creating an exact copy of a living organism or a part of it. This can be done naturally, such as identical twins, or artificially, throughscientific methods. Cloning has been a topic of controversy and ethical debate, as it raises questions about the valueof life and the limits of science.There are different types of cloning, including reproductive cloning and therapeutic cloning. Reproductive cloning involves creating a genetically identical copy ofan existing organism, while therapeutic cloning involves creating an embryo for medical purposes, such as togenerate tissues or organs for transplantation.One example of cloning is Dolly the sheep, the first mammal to be cloned using the process of somatic cell nuclear transfer. This was a groundbreaking achievement inthe field of genetics, but also sparked concerns about the implications of cloning for human beings.Overall, cloning is a complex and controversial topic that requires careful consideration of its benefits and risks.中文：克隆是创建一个生物或其部分的完全复制的过程。

高中英语Book 8 Unit 2 Cloning单词学案

Book 8 Unit 2 Cloning单词学案【学习目标】1. To pronounce the new words and expressions correctly.2. To grasp some useful expressions and use them flexibly.一．【预习及检测】熟识并背诵下列词形变化：1.differ vt.使不同→different adj.不同的→difference n.不同mercial adj.商业的→ commerc e n.商业3.undertake vt.着手，从事，承担→ undertook →undertaken4.carry vt.携带→ carrier n.携带者，搬运工5.cast v.扔，投掷→ cast → cast6.correct vt./adj.纠正，正确的→ correction n.正确→incorrect adj.不正确的7.moral adj. 道德的，精神上的→ morally adv.道德地，精神上地8.medium n.媒介，手段→(pl.) media9.forbid vt.禁止→forbade→ forbidden10.retire vi.退休，离开→retirement n.退休，离开11.regular adj. 定期的，有规律的→ regulation n.规则，管理→irregular adj.没有规律的12.strike v.撞击，罢工→ struck→ struck13.unable adj. 不能的，不会的→ able adj.有能力的→ enable vt. 促使，使得…能够14.fairly adv 公平地，相当地→ fair adj.公平的，相当的15.reasonable adj. 合情合理的，讲道理的→reason n.原因16.initial adj. 最初的，最开始的→ initially adv. 最初地二．【知识拓展】理解并背诵下列词组1.使不同于differ from2.不同于be different from3.使得到好结果，偿清，取得成功pay off4.使失望，使沮丧cast down5.着手做某事undertake to do6.反对做某事，不赞成object to doing7.大众传播媒体（如电视，报纸等）the media8.赞成，支持in favor of9.一条（面包） a loaf of 10.由于… owing to11.把…归功于owe …to…12.费心做某事bother to do13.一定或注定做某事be bound to do14.使…刻骨铭心strike …into one’s heart15.不时，偶尔from time to time16.使复生，使复活bring back to life17.白费力气，枉费心机in vain18.抵抗做某事resist doing19.状况很好/坏in good/bad condition三．单句语法填空:1.All the new employees are asked to learn about the rules and ___________(regular) of thecompany and they must obey them .2.American English _____________(different) slightly from British in vocabulary ,spelling andpronunciation.3.He is ___________(mere) a boy of five ,but he can speak English very well.4.Xiao Lin likes to spend all his time playing online computer games at net bar. Now his mother________(forbid) him to go to visit any net bar.5.We had an _________(argue) with the waiter about the bill because we thought heovercharged.6.There were 16 votes in ____________(favorable) of my suggestion, and 15 against.7.Your application must go through a few _____________(procedure) before it is finallyapproved.8.After 21 years of hard work the five doctors achieved _____________(breakthrough) incancer treatment.9.His explanation was not _____________(reason ), so all o f us didn’t accept it.10.Some members of the committee______________(objection) to our proposal.11.I can’t ____________(bother)to look for it just now.四．翻译句子1. 尽管兄弟们看上去相似，但品味上却彼此不同。

关于克隆的英语简介

L：hello everyone. Today we will talk about clone.Y: what is clone? That is : From the same ancestor, through asexual reproduction无性生殖produced identical molecules克分子比( DNA, RNA), cell groups or genetics on the same organism.L: let me show you the history of animal clone.Y: do you know the advantage about clone?L: ing cloning in biotechnology, 生物工艺学to change the genes of crops, resulting in a large number of disease resistance反抗, insect resistance, salt resistance and other new varieties, thereby greatly improving the yield of crop.Y: that right! Also, it can cultivate a large number of excellent varieties of livestock家畜, such as cattle, training some good meat sheep and pigs, also can cultivate some high milk yield, and rich in the human body needs nutrition of dairy cows.L: also it can use in physical medical and protect environment and endangered speciesY: now ,we want to make a play.L: hello I’m li oneY: hello I’m li twoL: en~ no2 you are my cloning , from now on, you should go to school instead of me .also ,you should do the housework and homework.Y: but in this case what things will you do ?L: of course ,eat drink play and be fun .Y: (angry!) but if so, am I not li one?!L: the small play told us the disadvantages about human cloning. Once happened, from the angle of social ethics道德规范, human cloning is to the human development of a strong intervention, may affect the natural and natural development and from the family ethics angle, exacerbate 恶化family tendency of changes, disrupt normal ethics order, change the relation between basic, loss of sense of belonging.Y:The three is from the perspective of ethics, completely changed the human nature, the way of bearing based on sex, make the population and sex separation, the destruction of human feelings. The four is from the life ethical view, destroyed the people with unique gene rights, could lead to the degeneration 恶化of the race, will make the normal life and death concept changed.L: There are both advantages and disadvantages. how to develop cloning, still need to consider carefullyY:WHA T DO YOU THINK OF HUMAN CLONE?。

高考英语 Unit2《Cloning》知识与要点课件新人教选修8

1．undertake(undertook，undertaken)vt.着手；从事；承担归纳拓展 (1)undertake sth.承担，接受(责任、艰苦的工作等) undertake to do sth.同意、答应或着手做某事 undertake thatclause保证…… (2)undertaking n．任务；事业；企业
【链接训练】 ①Garter Druse________his being selected for the important task to his courage，devotion and knowledge. A．led B．owed C．devoted D．contributed 【解析】由句意“Garter Druse把这次当选归功于他的勇气、奉献及知识”可知答案为B项。owe sth.to sth.意为“把某事归功于某事”；其他选项与题意不符。【答案】 B
2．forbid vt.禁止；不许(forbade/forbad，forbidden) 归纳拓展 (1)forbid doing sth.禁止做某事 forbid sth.禁止某事；妨碍某事 forbid sb.sth.禁止某人某事 forbid sb.to do sth.禁止某人做某事 forbid sb.from doing sth.禁止某人干某事 forbid that...禁止……(从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词常用should＋动词原形，should可省略) (2)forbidden adj.禁止的；不准的 Forbidden City紫禁城
话题ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
1.Natural clones and manmade clones(自然克隆和人造克隆) 2．The history of cloning(克隆的历史) 3．Controversy about cloning(有关克隆的辩论)

cloning(基因重组克隆技术)

What are the risks ofable of Contents
Background Information Warming-up Activities Text Analysis Vocabulary and Structure Vocabulary Test Writing
What is cloning ?
There are different types of cloning, and cloning technologies can be used for other purposes besides producing the genetic twin of another organism. The three types of cloning technologies are: (1) recombinant DNA technology or DNA cloning（基因重组克隆技术）, (2) reproductive cloning（再生克隆技术）, and (3) therapeutic cloning（干细胞疗法克隆技术）.
Sections
Section A Section B Section C
Legal and Moral Implications of
Cloning Who Will Take Advantage of Human
Cloning? Twins Six Years Apart
Section A
Legal and Moral Implications of
cloning(基因重组克隆技术)
Teaching Objectives
1. Enlarge vocabulary 2. Talk about the advantages

阅读理解专题2 (1)

阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)AThe Internet has opened up a whole new on-line world for us to meet,chat and go where we’ve never been before.But just as in face-to-face communication,there are some basic rules of behaviour that should be followed when on-line.The basic rule is simple:treat others in the same way you would want to be treated.Imagine how you’d feel if you were in the other person’s shoes.For anything you’re about to send:ask yourself,“Would I say this to the person’s face?”If the answer is no,re write and reread.Repeat the process till you feel sure that you’d feel comfortable saying the words to the person’s face.If someone in the chat room is rude to you,your instinct（本能）is to fire back in the same manner.But try not to do so.You should either ignore the person,or use your chat software to block their messages.If it was caused by a disagreement with another member,try to fix the situation by politely discussing it.Remember to respect the beliefs and opinions of others in the chat room.Everyone was new to the network once.Offer advice when asked by newcomers,as they may not be sure what to do or how to communicate.When someone makes a mistake,whether it’s a stupid question or an unnecessarily long answer,be kind about it.If it’s a small mistake,you may not need to say anything.Even if you feel strongly about it,think twice before saying anything.Having good manners yourself doesn’t give you license to correct everyone else.If you do decide to tell someone about a mistake,point it out politely.At the same time,if you find you are wrong,be sure to correct yourself and apologize to those that you have offended.It is not polite to ask others personal questions such as their age,sex,and marital status.Unless you know the person very well,and you are both comfortable with sharing personal information,don’t ask such questions.56.When you send short messages to a person online,you must .A.make sure that they mean no harmB.read them again and againC.say something beautiful to hearD.repeat them later to the person’s face57.If you are hurt in the chat room by others,you can .A.fight back in the same wayB.take them seriouslyC.refuse to receive their messagesD.tell the police about this58.If a newcomer who communicates online makes any mistakes,you .A.should point them out sharplyB.shouldn’t be so strict with themC.should say something about themD.should take your responsibility to correct them59.This passage mainly tells us .A.some rules of Internet communicationB.ways of sending messagesC.rules of the chat roomD.ways of making friends on the InternetBMusic is an international language.The songs that are sung or played by instruments are beautiful to all people everywhere.Popular music in America is what every student likes.Students carry small radios with earphones and listen to music before class,after class,and at lunch.Students with cars buy large speakers and play the music loudly as they drive on the streets.Adult drivers listen to music on the car radio as they drive to work.They also listen to the news about sports,the weather,politics,and activities of the American people.Most of the radio broadcast is music.Pop or popular music singers make much money.They make a CD or tape which radio stations use in every state.Once the popular singer is heard throughout the country,young people buy his or hertapes.Some of the money from these tapes comes to the singer.Wherever the singer goes,all the young people want to meet him or her.Now the singer has become a national star.There are other kinds of music that are important to Americans.One is called folk music.It tells stories about the common life of Americans.Another is called western or country music.This was started by cowboys who would sing at night to the cows they were watching.Today,any music about country life and the love between a country boy and his girl is called western or country music.Serious music for the concert halls is called classical music.Music for instruments is called orchestra music(管弦乐),such as the symphonies(交响乐) of Beethoven.There is opera for singers.There is ballet(芭蕾舞乐曲) for dancers like the story of Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai in China.60.What can we know about music and people in America?A.Student drivers carry small radios with earphones when they drive on the streets.B.Every American student enjoys listening to popular music.C.Adult drivers only listen to news except music when they drive to work.D.Adult drivers never listen to music when they drive to work.61.How many kinds of music are mentioned in the passage?A.Six.B.Eight.C.Five.D.Seven.62.Country music .A.is a kind of music that is popular in AmericaB.has nothing to do with musiciansC.is only sung by cowboysD.is not played in the concert halls63.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A.All the people in America like popular music.B.Pop singers can get all the money from the tapes.C.Now,country music is a little different from its beginning.D.Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai is a kind of pop music.CWhen you stretch out in the sun you can do one of three things.You can use no sun tan oil.You can use an ordinary sun tan oil.Or you can use Bergasol.If you don’t use any sun tan oil at all when you’re in sun that is stronger than you’re u sed to,you will burn surprisingly quickly.If you use an ordinary sun tan oil you will protect your skin to a lesser or greater degree.How much you will do depends on the “sun protection-factor(系数) (SPF)number” on the bottle.Some of these oils block out so many of the sun’s rays you can stay in the sun all day without burning—but you won’t go very brown,either.Bergasol will protect your skin like an ordinary sun tan oil.But Bergasol oil also has a tan accelerator(加速剂) which comes from the oil of the Bergamot fruit.It speeds up the rate at which the sun activates（激活）the skin cells that produce melanin.And it is melanin which gives the skin its brown colour.So when you use Bergasol sun tan oil you go brown faster,and as the days pass the difference will become more and more obvious.Unfortunately this special formulation isn’t cheap to prepare.So Bergasol is rather more expensivethan ordinary sun tan oil.However the price looks more attractive as you do.ProtectionMany people imagine that “cover-up” means you don’t get a tan.Nothing to show for your holiday.What a shame!Not so.With “cover-up”,you can get brown if you want to.The point of cover-up is to protect your skin from the harmful rays of the sun—the ones which,according to the experts,make your skin look older.That’s what Solex Cover-up is all about—protection for your skin.It has a Sun Protection Factor of 8,which makes it suitable for anyone.Find out how it works for you by consulting（咨询）the Solex Sun Chart.n as slowly as you like.As gently as you like.And with much less chance of peeling(脱皮).Your tan will look better.Your skin will stay young longer.Solex Cover-up.SOLEXGentle tan...full protection.64.The word “tan” which is used several times in the pass age is closest in meaning to .A.brownB.protectionC.lightD.health65.Both Bergasol and Solex serve to .A.treat various kinds of skin diseaseB.help people enjoy more sunshineC.help people get sun tan without being burntD.paint the skin with a brown color66.What’s special about Bergasol?A.Its price is more acceptable than that of any ordinary sun tan oil.B.It has a tan accelerator that makes the skin go brown faster.D.It protects the skin from the harmful rays of the sun.67.Which of the following decides how well your skin may be protected?A.The price.B.Melanin. D.SPF number.DIn 1997,Dolly the sheep was the first mammal to be cloned from a single cell.Since then scientists have been working to explore more possibilities in the cloning world.Recently Chinese scientists have also successfully cloned mammals such as an ox.Cloning is making a genetic copy of something else.This might be copying just one cell,or it could be a whole animal.The biggest star of the cloning world is a sheep named Dolly.She is a copy of her mother.This means that she is the twin sister of her mother who was six years older and she did not have a father!Our bodies are made up of cells,which hold information contained in anisms(生物体) get their DNA from the mum and half from their dad.We all grow from a single cell,which contains these two parts of DNA.It is called the egg cell.It divides millions of times to give rise to the millions of cells,which form our body.Each cell has a copy of all the genetic information needed by the body.This means that each cell of our body has enough information to create other human beings like us.All we need is an egg cell.In the process of cloning,the scientists take out the DNA from an animal cell and put it into an egg cell taken from another animal.Before implanting it,the DNA of the recipient(受体) cell is removed.This is how Dolly’s life began—from a single cell taken from her mother.The DNA in her mother’s cell was taken out and put into the egg cell of another sheep.Five months later,Dolly was born.68.What is the best title for the passage?A.A Sheep Named DollyB.DNAC.How do We Grow Up?D.What is Cloning?69Which one is necessary to cloning?A.An egg cell.B.Man’s DNA.C.Two cells from an animal.D.A sheep.70.What does the underlined word “It” mean in Paragraph 4?A.Two parts of the DNA.B.Our body.C.The egg cell.D.Dolly,the sheep.71.Which is the correct order?a.remove the DNA from the recipient animalb.take out the DNA from an animal cellc.implant the egg cell into the recipient animald.put the DNA into an egg cell taken from another animalA.a－b－c－dB.b－d－a－cC.a－c－d－bD.b－c－a－dEI live in Japan,where electronic items are a way of life,so it is no surprise that many students carry these little electronic dictionaries.Think of it.That huge,heavy paper dictionary that you used to see in your library looked like a building block in size and weight,yet someone has found a way to change all of that into a plastic box smaller than a video cassette tape.E－dictionaries may be light and compact(简洁的),more so than any paper dictionary.They may even contain more words and expressions.It depends on which one you buy.To me,these are pretty much the limits to their advantages.I think e－reasons.E－dictionaries are much more expensive.In Japan,they cost as little as 10 000 yen(US$100) or as much as 40 000 yen,depending on how many functions you want (or think you want) and depending on how fashionable you are.My trusty Random House paper dictionary is copyrighted at 1995,cost me a mere US$12.95 plus tax.E－dictionaries are more fragile(易碎的).Drop your paper dictionary.Go ahead.Hold it above yourpieces.E－dictionaries need batteries.Batteries are temperature sensitive.Batteries cost money,too.E－dictionaries have keypads.Typing in the spelling of a word is harder and moreLet me add a statement about one that really troubles me.Sound.Little devices beep(嘟嘟声) when you press the buttons,but it is very disturbing to some people in a classroom situation or library.Finally,let’s consider making corrections or additions.No dictionary is perfect,paper version or electronic.However,when you find something you’danything about it.You can pencil in some notes with the paper type.Similarly,if you learn a word that isn’t in the dictionary,a few notes of a pencil make it easy to increase its memory capacity.But not possible with a keypad model.And,for those students whose habit is to mark certain words with a highlight pen for ease of future reference,again,the paper dictionary wins out.72.What’s the main idea of the text?A.The advantages and disadvantages of e－diction aries from the author’s point of view.B.Electronic items are a way of life in Japan.C.It’s fashionable to carry little e－dictionaries.D.The bad effect of using e’dictionaries on students and teachers.73.How many disadvantages of e－dictionaries does the author address in the text?A.4.B.6.C.8.D.10.74.What does the author hate most of all the disadvantages?A.Not possible to make additions.B.Wasting more time looking up words.C.Too expensive to buy e－dictionaries and batteries.D.Making sound when pressing the buttons.A.Containing more words and expressions.B.More light and compact to carry.C.Making corrections or additions for future reference.D.Costing less money.56、解析:细节理解题。

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What is Cloning?
Cloning(克隆技术) is the most attractive story of the new biotechnologies(生物技术) and the one which causes the most heated discussion over its worth. Here are answers to the most common questions about cloning.
1. What is cloning?
Cloning is the creation of cells or whole animals using DNA(脱氧核糖核酸) from a single "parent", bypassing(绕道而行) the normal reproductive process. The clone has the same DNA to the parent.
2. Is cloning unnatural?
No. Clones are always produced by natural means in the shape of identical twins(同卵孪生).
3. How are clones created?
The most common process takes DNA from one cell and puts in a hollowed-out(挖空的；掏空的) egg. Chemicals and electricity are then used to encourage the new DNA to fuse with(与…合并) the egg and develop into an embryo(胎儿). This technique is called nuclear transfer(核迁移).
4.Why was Dolly(世界上的第一只克隆羊) important?
The sheep was the first mammal(哺乳动物) to be cloned using DNA taken from an adult cell. Previously, animals had only been cloned using embryo cells which already have the potential to become a complete embryo in its own right(继承父母的). The big breakthrough with Dolly was to make a clone from an ordinary, adult cell - in this case from a female goat's udder(乳房).
5. Are clones normal, healthy animals?
Dolly is, but scientist do not yet know whether this is the exception(例外) or the rule. Some early evidence suggest that clones may have health problems and that they may age prematurely(早衰的，未老先衰).
6.Could a human clone be born soon?
In theory, yes. The techniques used to create Dolly could be applied to(运用；适用) humans. But the technology of reproductive cloning is still in its very early stages and there is much that scientists do not understand. It took more than 200 attempts(努力；试验) to make Dolly. The other embryos failed to implant(播种) in the surrogate(代理；代替) mother or were miscarried. Even if a clone makes it to birth, at present it has a very low chance of surviving into adult life.
7.Has anyone said they will make live human clones?
A number of people have, including Chicago physicist Dr Richard Seed. However, few experts believe that these people have the skills to succeed.
8. Are there any benefits from cloning?
Yes. The techniques used have already demonstrated(展示) benefits. Polly, another sheep clone at the Roslin Institute in Edinburgh has had a human gene(基因) inserted so that it produces a blood clotting((血的)凝结) agent needed by haemophiliacs(血友症) in its milk. Cloning of human cells in a laboratory could offer perfectly-matched tissue(（动物的）组织) for surgical or genetic repair of humans.
9.Where does the law stand on live human clones?
In the UK, human cloning is already banned(禁止) by law. President Bill Clinton has proposed banning research into producing human clones in the US for five years. Some measures have also been made to establish international agreements banning live human clones.。