周翔圣托福听力讲义-辨音听写-11

周翔圣托福听力讲义-辨音听写序言在托福备考的过程中，往往不少老师都在说得听力者得天下，而很多老师也讲提高听力的唯一有效途径是听写，在早期的教课过程中，碰到太多学生埋怨整篇的听写太耗时，太费力并且往往有力无功。

是这套辨音听写是笔者本人在近6年的托福听力教学实践中总结和实践出来有针对性的提高中国考生听力能力的训练。

文章内容来源于科学美国人60秒（scientific american 60s ），并通过笔者精心挑选取出了当中符合新托福听力考试内容的文章。

根据中国学生在听力训练当中遇到的难点比如连读，变音，失爆，弱音，有针对的提取出影响考生对句子理解的部分词组（词汇或短句）， 在加上科学美国人60秒（scientific american 60s ）原本就比较快的语速，这样的话能使考生快速有效的提高听力水平。

推荐使用方法：由于语速较快普通备考的学生前期很难一次听出原文中的内容，所以在练习的时候若有未听到的部分后退回去（答案就在每篇文章的末尾），反复体会直到反应出来为止。

听写完后再通篇连续听上1，2次检验自己对通篇文章(包括细节)的理解。

希望这套辨音听写的材料能为大家在托福备考的过程中有效的帮助大家。

周翔圣 按周翔圣托福听力讲义-辨音听写-111 Flavors Fluctuate With TemperatureDoes an ice-cold drink actually taste better than the same beverage at room temperature? _______________________: a new study finds that the intensity of some flavors varies with temperature. The work is in the journal Chemosensory Perception.Researchers took solutions that tasted bitter, sour, sweet, orastringent —a flavor found in legumes and raw _______________ a dry, puckering feel in the mouth. They either chilled the solutions to 5 degrees Celsius, the recommended temperature for keeping food cool…or heated the solutions to 35 degrees Celsius, a couple degrees below human body temperature. ______________ the tastes. Both sour and astringent solutions tasted stronger at warmtemperatures, and __________________ than it did with chilled周 翔 圣的 托 福 讲 义 我的微博：h t t p ://w e i b o .c o m /z x i a n g s h e ngQ Q ：331447992 w w w .y o u x u e d u .c n 优 旭 教 育drinks. Bitter flavors came through best when chilled. And temperature had no effect on perception of sweetness.For most people, temperature can_____________ . But for some, dubbed thermal tasters, temperature alone can be a flavor. Heating or cooling parts of the tongue creates ______________ without food —a finding that’s hard to swallow.—Sophie BushwickDepends on what its taste is produce that creates Volunteers then rated the intensity lasted longer enhance flavors the sensation of taste2 Cuttlefish Use Ancient Ink FormulaTens of millions of years ago, cephalopods were hiding from their enemies in clouds of ink. And _____________ cuttlefish today produce ink that’s almost identical.Researchers ____________ cephalopods that swam the seas more than 160 million years ago. Each one contained a preserved ink sac. Analysis of the sacs revealed that some melanin pigment —the stuff that makes the ink dark —had survived. Plus, the chemical makeup of the melanin __________________________ the pigment found in modern-day cuttlefish ink. The work is in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.It’s ________________________ in the fossil record. In addition, biomolecules often break down, leaving none of the original organic compounds. Melanin, however, has a sturdy structure that resists this fate. And the methods these researchers __________________ the fossils could help other paleontologists better identify preserved organic molecules and their functions.The finding also demonstrates that when something works,_____________________ . Because if it ain’t broke, don’t fix it. —Sophie Bushwick周 翔 圣的 托 福 讲 义 我的微博：h t t p ://w e i b o .c o m /z x i a n g s h e ngQ Q ：331447992 w w w .y o u x u e d u .c n 优 旭 教 育it turns out that found fossils of two giant was virtually the same as rare to find preserved soft tissue used to isolate it from evolution usually leaves it alone3 Does Bad Dog Mean Bad Owner?You see a guy walking a pit bull with a studded collar. What's your first thought?: tough guy, right? Well, probably. But chances are he's a conscientious, rule-abiding tough guy. _______________ in the journal Anthrozoos.Researchers gave personality tests to 235 subjects —from teens to people in their 60s. Those subjects _________________ theyconsidered different breeds of dogs to be, from cocker spaniels to pit bulls, and chose __________________________.As the authors expected, the most unfriendly study volunteers, and the youngest, ______________________ . But the stereotyping ends there. Pit bull lovers weren't any more likely to have delinquent past behavior —like carrying weapons for fights —than people who preferred friendly Labs.In fact, pit bull lovers _________________ for conscientiousness on the personality test. Which means they may be more rule-oriented, careful and organized —the perfect candidates for dog training classes, the authors say. So next time you see someone walking a fearsome dog, that person’s bark may be worse than his bite.—Christopher Intagliata So says a study also rated how aggressive which type they'd most like to own preferred the meanest breeds actually scored higher4 Streetlights Draw Insects At Ground LevelYou've probably seen clouds of insects swirling round a streetlamp at night. _____________________________ noticed is thatstreetlights attract bugs to the ground below them, too —especially carnivorous bugs, like beetles. So says a study in the journal Biology周 翔 圣的 托 福 讲 义 我的微博：h t t p ://w e i b o .c o m /z x i a n g s h e ngQ Q ：331447992 w w w .y o u x u e d u .c n 优 旭 教 育Letters by researchers at the University of Exeter. Thomas W. Davies, Jonathan Bennie and Kevin J. Gaston, Street lighting changes the composition of invertebrate communities]The researchers set up 28 traps in the grass below and between streetlamps in the English town of Helston, in Cornwall.________________________ at dawn and dusk over three days, and ended up with nearly 1200 specimens. Turns out, more bugs hung out under the lights than between them. And that was true at night and day —suggesting that _______________________the buggy real estate below them.The researchers also found greater numbers of predators andscavengers under the lamps —like ground beetles, harvestmen and ants —because it _________________ prey with the help of a spotlight.With artificial lighting increasing globally at six percent a year, the authors say there's ____________________ shake up food webs in unforeseen ways. Call it a bug in the system.—Christopher IntagliataBut something you may not have They collected captured insects streetlights permanently upped the value of may be easier to hunt for a chance light pollution could5 Test Cancer Drugs Against Its SpreadThe biggest risk for breast cancer patients is usually not original tumor, which is removed by surgery. _____________________________ deadly if it metastasizes and forms tumors elsewhere in the body.___________________ metastatic process would fail the current clinical-trial system for breast cancer treatments.Patricia Steeg is the chief of the Women’s Cancers Section at the National Cancer Institute. She argues in the journal Nature that a new approach isneeded in testing and approving breast cancer drugs.New breast cancer drugs today must demonstrate that they shrink established tumors._________________________ the size of a tumor. Instead, it might fight metastasis in a number of ways —it could kill keep cells from escaping the tumor, or kill them in the bloodstream.周 翔 圣的 托 福 讲 义 我的微博：h t t p ://w e i b o .c o m /z x i a n g s h e ngQ Q ：331447992 w w w .y o u x u e d u .c n 优 旭 教 育Steeg argues that the FDA needs to change the model, and that anti-metastasis drugs should be _____________________ therapies. The success should not be related only to shrinking tumors, but rather to preventing new tumors from forming. She says this _______________ breast cancer patients, but millions of survivors in remission who worry that a new tumor will appear. —Cynthia Graber5 The cancer becomes particularly But drugs to target the But a beneficial drug might not reduce tested in combination with current approach will help not only6 Birds and Bats Downsized BugsIn the day of the dinosaur, insects had wingspans of nearly two-and-a-half feet. So why are today’s bugs so puny? According to researchers at U.C. Santa Cruz, we may have birdsand bats to thank. Their conclusions appear in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences .If ________ a high school biology course, you might remember hearing that insects are limited in size by their ability to utilize oxygen. The bigger you get, ______________ O2 to your tissues. And bugs don’t have lungs to help._______________, researchers turned to fossils. They charted the wingspan of more than 10,000 fossilized insects and found that for the first 150 million years of bug evolution size tracked ___________________ : the more O2, the bigger the bugs. But then insects started shrinking, even though oxygen continued to rise. This wave of _______________________ anatomical features that made birds more agile airborne predators. And insects got even smaller about 60 million years ago, when bats hit the scene.Being little makes you harder to catch —which may have given bugs with teeny wings an evolutionary leg up. —Karen Hopkin6 you ever sat through the harder it is to get To test the oxygen connection closely with atmospheric oxygen levels reduction happens to coincide with the emergence of周 翔 圣的 托 福 讲 义 我的微博：h t t p ://w e i b o .c o m /z x i a n g s h e ngQ Q ：331447992 w w w .y o u x u e d u .c n 优 旭 教 育。