暨南大学英语专业考研真题2011

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暨南大学211翻译硕士英语2011--2020年考研专业课真题试卷

2020年招收攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题（B卷）********************************************************************* **********学科、专业名称：翻译硕士专业研究方向：英语笔译考试科目名称：翻译硕士英语考试科目代码：211考生注意：所有答案必须写在答题纸（卷）上，写在本试题上一律不给分。

I. Vocabulary & Grammar (30%)Directions: There are 30 sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.1. Rescue teams from all over the world ______ on the earthquake-stricken area after the news spread that the quake had claimed a toll of 15000 lives.A. diversifiedB. disseminatedC. convergedD. accelerated2. Without Bob’s testimony, evidence of bribery is lacking and ______ in the case will be impossible.A. verdictB. sentenceC. convictionD. acquittal3. The two countries have developed a ______ relation and increased a great deal in foreign trade.A. managerialB. lethalC. metricD. cordial4.Any person who is in ______ while awaiting trial is considered innocent until he has bee n declared guilty.A. jeopardyB. custodyC. suspicionD. probation5. The snow_____ my plan to visit my aunt in the countryside.A. confusedB. bewilderedC. conversedD. hampered6. It is imperative that students _____ their term papers on timeA. hand inB. would hand inC. have to hand inD. handed in7. He is not under arrest, ______ any restriction on him.A. or the police have placedB. or have the police placedC. nor the police have placedD. nor have the police placed8. Mary is _______ than Alice.A. more experienced a teacherB. a more experienced teacherC. more an experienced teacherD. more experienced teacher9. The trumpet player was certainly loud. But I wasn’t bothered by his loudness ______ by his lack of talent.A. so much asB. rather thanC. asD. than10. Please don’t ______ too much on the painful memories. Everything will be all right.A. hesitateB. lingerC. retainD. dwell11. Participants in the Shanghai Co-operation Forum ______ regional teamwork topromote investment and economic development.A. cursedB. echoedC. bouncedD. hailed12.The 1982 Oil and Gas Act gives power to permit the disposal of assets held by the Corporation, and ______ the Corporation's statutory monopoly in the supply of gas for fuel purposes so as to permit private companies to compete in this supply.A. defersB. curtailsC. triggersD. sparks13. The slogan "What goes up must come down" was so universally accepted by economists that it was considered a(n)______A. conjectureB. axiomC. fadD. testimonial14. After four years in the same job his enthusiasm finally ______.A. deterioratedB. dispersedC. dissipatedD. drained15. He has ________ strange hobbies like collecting bottle tops and inventing secret codes.A. gone onB. gone in forC. gone withD. gone through with16. In 1791 RC, one of the wealthiest plantation owners in Virginia, stunned his family, friends, and neighbors by filing a deed of emancipation, setting free the more than 500 slaves who were legally ___________ his property.A. consideredB. considered asC. considered to beD. considered for17. While some propose to combat widespread illegal copying of computer programs by attempting to change people’s attitudes toward pirating, others suggest reducing software prices to ____________ for pirating, and still others are calling for the prosecution of those who copy software illegally.A. increase the incentiveB. increase the punishmentC. decrease the incentiveD. increase the punishment18. The federal government subsidized bank loans to mass production builders of suburbs everywhere in the country on condition that those builders ________ no homes to African-Americans.A. soldB. sellC. have soldD. had sold19. A recent study of ancient clay deposits has provided new evidence __________ the theory that global forest fires ignited by a meteorite impact _________ to the extinction of the dinosaurs and many other creatures some 65million years ago.A. to support ...... contributedB. supporting ...... contributedC. to support ...... contributingD. supporting ...... contributing20. According to his own account, Frederic-Auguste Bartholdi, the sculptor of the Statue of Liberty, modeled the face of the statue _________ his mother and the body_________his wife.A. for that of ...... for that ofB. for that on ...... for that onC. after that on ...... after that onD. after that of ...... after that of21. A huge flying reptile that died out with the dinosaurs some 65 million years ago, theQuetzalcoatlus had a wingspan of 36 feet, ________ to have been the largest flying creature the world has ever seen.A. what is believedB. that is believedC. which is believedD. and it is believed22. Because new small businesses are growing and are seldom in equilibrium, formulas for cash flow and the ratio of debt to equity do not apply to ______ in the same way____ to establish big businesses.A. it ...... ΦB. it ......asC. them ...... asD. them ...... Φ23. Neanderthals had a vocal tract resembling an ape’s ____________ probably without language, a shortcoming that may explain why they were supplanted by our own species.A. and so wereB. and such wasC. and so wasD. and such were24. He had lived his life thus far as a sort of ________ obedient pet - first to his mother and father, then to his wife. Whit had always done what others had wanted him to do, not what he wanted.A. atrociousB. baroqueC. affableD. arrogant25. In the 1960s, even as liberal thinkers like Martin Luther King Jr. ________ a minimum income for moral reasons, conservatives like Richard Nixon considered it on practical grounds.A. censuredB. championedC. conceitedD. confronted26. The stimulator was proven to be effective but not _______: It could reduce tension and pain, improve mood, and marginally boost memory.A. mischievousB. miraculousC. momentousD. minatory27. The word “race” conjures biology, a set of inheritable --- and ________ --- physical characteristics. But it's actually a cultural and social category, not a biological one, which is why it changes over time.A. changeableB. impeccableC. immutableD. impenetrable28. With his _______ yet gracious manner, Jon had helped them find a good neighborhood for their family, introduced them to his banker, and even explained some of the odd American colloquialisms they couldn't understand, as they all laughed together over well-aged bottles of his favorite Bordeaux.A. grandioseB. gullibleC. grotesqueD. gregarious29. Virtue is useful in every country, in every time, in all peoples; wherever one finds humans, virtue is _________ because no one fails to sense its usefulnessA. eternalB. estimableC. etherealD. exquisite30. Two of his grandchildren implore him to _________ another journey. The city where they live is threatened by a plague.A. embark onB. embark forC. embark atD. embark ofII. Reading Comprehension (40%)Directions: This part consists of six passages followed by a total of 30 multiple-choice questions and 5 short-answer questions. Read the passages and write your answers onthe Answer Sheet.Passage 1The miserable fate of Enron’s employees will be a landmark in business history, one of those awful events that everyone agrees must never be allowed to happen again. This urge is understandable and noble: thousands have lost virtually all their retirement savings with the demise of Enron stock. But making sure it never happens again may not be possible, because the sudden impoverishment of those Enron workers represents something even larger than it seems. It’s the latest turn in the unwinding of one of the most audacious promise of the 20th century.The promise was assured economic security －even comfort － for essentially everyone in the developed world. With the explosion of wealth, that began in the 19th century it became possible to think about a possibility no one had dared to dream before. The fear at the center of daily living since caveman days－ lack of food warmth, shelter－ would at last lose its power to terrify. That remarkable promise became reality in many ways. Governments created welfare systems for anyone in need and separate programmes for the elderly (Social Security in the U.S.). Labour unions promised not only better pay for workers but also pensions for retirees. Giant corporations came into being and offered the possibility －in some cases the promise－ of lifetime employment plus guaranteed pensions. The cumulative effect was a fundamental change in how millions of people approached life itself, a reversal of attitude that most rank as one of the largest in human history. For millennia the average person’s stance toward providing for himself had been “Ultimately I’m on my own”. Now it became “ultimately I’ll be taken care of”.The early hints that this promise might be broken on a large scale came in the 1980s. U.S. business had become uncompetitive globally and began restructuring massively, with huge Layoffs. The trend accelerated in the 1990s as the bastions of corporate welfare faced reality. IBM ended its no-layoff policy. AT&T fired thousands, many of whom found such a thing simply incomprehensible, and a few of whom killed themselves. The other supposed guarantors of our economic security were also in decline. Labour-union membership and power fell to their lowest levels in decades. President Clinton signed a historic bill scaling back welfare. Americans realized that Social Security won’t provide social security for any of us.A less visible but equally significant trend affected pensions. To make costs easier to control, companies moved away from defined benefit pension plans, which obligate them to pay out specified amounts years in the future, to define contribution plans, which specify only how much goes into the play today. The most common type of defined-contribution plan is the 401(k). The significance of the 401(k) is that it puts most of the responsibility for a person’s economic fate back on the employee. Within limits the employee must decide how much goes into the plan each year and how it getsinvested－the two factors that will determine how much it’s worth when the employee retires.Which brings us back to Enron? Those billions of dollars in vaporized retirement savings went in employees’ 401(k) accounts. That is, the employees chose how much money to put into those accounts and then chose how to invest it. Enron matched a certainproportion of each employee’s 401(k) contribution with company stock, so everyone was going to end up with some Enron in his or her portfolio; but that could be regarded as a freebie, since nothing compels a company to match employee contributions at all. At least two special features complicate the Enron case. First, some shareholders charge top management with illegally covering up the company’s problems, prompting investors to hang on when they should have sold. Second, Enron’s 401(k) accounts were locked while the company changed plan administrators in October, when the stock was falling, so employees could not have closed their accounts if they wanted to.But by far the largest cause of this human tragedy is that thousands of employees were heavily overweighed in Enron stock. Many had placed 100% of their 401(k) assets in the stock rather than in the 18 other investment options they were offered. Of course that wasn’t prudent, but it’s what some of them did.The Enron employees’ retirement disaster is part of the larger trend away from guaranteed economic security. That’s why preventing such a thing from ever happening again may be impossible. The huge attitudinal shift to “I’ll-be-taken-care-of” took at least a generation. The shift back may take just as long. It won’t be complete until a new generation of employees see assured economic comfort as a 20th- century quirk, and understand not just intellectually but in their bones that, like most people in most times and places, they’re on their own.31. Why does the author say at the beginning “The miserable fate of Enron’s employees will be a landmark in business history…”?A. Because the company has gone bankrupt.B. Because such events would never happen again.C. Because many Enron workers lost jobs.D. Because it signifies a turning point in economic security.32. According to the passage, the combined efforts by governments, layout unions and big corporations to guarantee economic comfort have led to a significant change inA. people’s outlook on life.B. people’s life styles.C. people’s living standardD. people’s social values.33. Garanttee on economic security declined in 1980-1990 because ________.A. the corporate laid off large number of employeesB. the government cut in welfare spendingC. the economic restructuring occurred as American lost its competitiveness globallyD. the power of labors unions declined34. Thousands of employees chose Enron to invest mainly becauseA. The 401(k) made them responsible for their own future.B. Enron offered to add company stock to their investment.C. their employers intended to cut back on pension spending.D. Enron’s offer was similar to a defined-benefit plan.35. Which is NOT seen as a lesson drawn from the Enron disaster?A. 401(k) assets should be placed in more than one investment option.B. Employees have to take up responsibilities for themselves.C. Such events could happen again as it is not easy to change people’s mind.D. Economic security won’t be taken for granted by future36. What has made economic security possible and change people’s attitude towards life in 19th century?Passage 2The majority of successful senior managers do not closely follow the classical rational model of first clarifying goals, assessing the problem, formulating options, estimating likelihoods of success, making a decision, and only then taking action to implement the decision. Rather, in their day-by-day tactical maneuvers, these senior executives rely on what is vaguely termed intuition to manage a network of interrelated problems that require them to deal with ambiguity, inconsistency, novelty, and surprise and to integrate action into the process of thinking.Generations of writers on management have recognized that some practicing managers rely heavily on intuition. In general, however, such writers display a poor grasp of what intuition is. Some see it as the opposite of rationality; others view it as an excuse for capriciousness.Isenberg’s recent research on the cognitive processes of senior managers reveals that managers’ intuition is neither of these. Rather, senior managers use intuition in at least five distinct ways. First, they intuitively sense when a problem exists. Second, managers rely on intuition to perform well-learned behavior patterns rapidly. This intuition is not arbitrary or irrational, but is based on years of painstaking practice and hands-on experience that build skills. A third function of intuition is to synthesize isolated bits of data and practice into an integrated picture, often in an “Aha” experience. Fourth, some managers use intuition as a check on the results of more rational analysis. Most senior executives are familiar with the formal decision analysis models and tools, and those who use such systematic methods for reaching decisions are occasionally leery of solutions suggested by these methods which run counter to their sense of the correct course of action. Finally, managers can use intuition to bypass in-depth analysis and move rapidly to engender a plausible solution. Used in this way, intuition is an almost instantaneous cognitive process in which a manager recognizes familiar patterns.One of the implications of the intuitive style of executive management is that thinking is inseparable from acting. Since managers often know what is right before they can analyze and explain it, they frequently act first and explain later. Analysis is inextricably tied to action in thinking/acting cycles, in which managers develop thoughts about their companies and organizations not by analyzing a problematic situation and then acting, but by acting and analyzing in close concert.Given the great uncertainty of many of the management issues that they face, senior managers often instigate a course of action simply to learn more about an issue. They then use the results of the action to develop a more complete understanding of the issue. One implication of thinking/acting cycles is that action is often part of defining the problem, not just of implementing the solution.37. The text suggests which of the following about the writers on management mentioned in line 1, paragraph 2？　A. They have criticized managers for not following the classical rational model of decision analysis.　B. They have not based their analyses on a sufficiently large sample of actual managers.　C. They have relied in drawing their conclusions on what managers say rather than on what managers do.D. They have misunderstood how managers use intuition in making business decisions.38. According to the text, senior managers use intuition in all of the following ways EXCEPT to　A. Speed up of the creation of a solution to a problem.　B. Identify a problem.　C. Bring together disparate facts.D. Stipulate clear goals.39. It can be inferred from the text that which of the following would most probably be one major difference in behavior between Manager X, who uses intuition to reach decisions, and Manager Y, who uses only formal decision analysis？　A. Manager X analyzes first and then acts；Manager Y does not.　B. Manager X checks possible solutions to a problem by systematic analysis； Manager Y does not.　C. Manager X takes action first and then explains later in solving a problem；Manager Y does not.　D. Manager Y draws on years of hands-on experience in creating a solution to aproblem； Manager X does not.40. The text provides support for which of the following statements？A. Managers who rely on intuition are more successful than those who rely on formal decision analysis.B. Managers cannot justify their intuitive decisions.C. Managers’ intuition works contrary to their rational and analytical skills.D. Intuition enables managers to employ their practical experience more efficiently.41. What is the author’s attitude towards using institution in management?A. It is arbitrary and irrational.B. It deters the effective implementation of the work.C. It improves the efficiency of the work.D. It is better than analyzing the issue thoroughly first and then acting.42. Why does the author say “thinking is inseparable from acting in the intuitive style of executive management”?Passage 3Joy and sadness are experienced by people in all cultures around the world, but how can we tell when other people are happy or despondent? It turns out that the expression of many emotions may be universal. Smiling is apparently a universal sign of friendliness and approval. Baring the teeth in a hostile way, as noted by Charles Darwin in the nineteenth century, may be a universe sign of anger. As the originator of the theory ofevolution, Darwin believed that the universal recognition of facial expressions would have survival value. For example, facial expressions could signal the approach of enemies (or friends) in the absence of language.Most investigators concur that certain facial expressions suggest the same emotions in a people. Moreover, people in diverse cultures recognize the emotions manifested by the facial expressions. In classic research Paul Ekman took photographs of people exhibiting the emotions of anger, disgust, fear, happiness, and sadness. He then asked people around the world to indicate what emotions were being depicted in them. Those queried ranged from European college students to members of the Fore, a tribe that dwells in the New Guinea highlands. All groups including the Fore, who had almost no contact with Western culture, agreed on the portrayed emotions. The Fore also displayed familiar facial expressions when asked how they would respond if they were the characters in stories that called for basic emotional responses. Ekman and his colleagues more recently obtained similar results in a study of ten cultures in which participants were permitted to report that multiple emotions were shown by facial expressions. The participants generally agreed on which two emotions were being shown and which emotion was more intense.Psychological researchers generally recognize that facial expressions reflect emotional states. In fact, various emotional states give rise to certain patterns of electrical activity in the facial muscles and in the brain. The facial-feedback hypothesis argues, however, that the causal relationship between emotions and facial expressions can also work in the opposite direction. According to this hypothesis, signals from the facial muscles ("feedback") are sent back to emotion centers of the brain, and so a person's facial expression can influence that person's emotional state. Consider Darwin's words: "The free expression by outward signs of an emotion intensifies it. On the other hand, the repression, as far as possible, of all outward signs softens our emotions." Can smiling give rise to feelings of good will, for example, and frowning to anger?Psychological research has given rise to some interesting findings concerning the facial-feedback hypothesis. Causing participants in experiments to smile, for example, leads them to report more positive feelings and to rate cartoons (humorous drawings of people or situations) as being more humorous. When they are caused to frown, they rate cartoons as being more aggressive.What are the possible links between facial expressions and emotion? One link is arousal, which is the level of activity or preparedness for activity in an organism. Intense contraction of facial muscles, such as those used in signifying fear, heightens arousal. Self-perception of heightened arousal then leads to heightened emotional activity. Other links may involve changes in brain temperature and the release of neurotransmitters (substances that transmit nerve impulses.) The contraction of facial muscles both influences the internal emotional state and reflects it. Ekman has found that the so-called Duchenne smile, which is characterized by "crow's feet" wrinkles around the eyes and a subtle drop in the eye cover fold so that the skin above the eye moves down slightly toward the eyeball, can lead to pleasant feelings.Ekman's observation may be relevant to the British expression "keep a stiff upper lip" as are commendation for handling stress. It might be that a "stiff" lip suppresses emotional response-as long as the lip is not quivering with fear or tension. But when the emotionthat leads to stiffening the lip is more intense, and involves strong muscle tension, facial feedback may heighten emotional response.43. The word despondent in the passage is closest in meaning to _______.A. curiousB. depressedC. thoughtfulD. aggressive44. The author mentions "Baring the teeth in a hostile way" in order to________.A. differentiate different meanings of a particular facial expressionB. support Darwin's theory of evolutionC. provide an example of a facial expression whose meaning is widely understoodD. contrast a facial expression that is easily understood with other facial expressions45. Which of the following statement CAN NOT prove the universality of facial expressions?A. People use the same facial expressions when smiling.B. People from other cultures can easily recognize the facial expressions with similarmeaning.C. Some expressions are more intense in one culture than in the other.D. People have similar response to the same story.46. According to paragraph 2, which of the following was true of the Fore people of New Guinea?A. They were confused at the emotion shown in photographs.B. They were famous for their story-telling skills.C. They knew very little about Western culture.D. They did not encourage the expression of emotions.47. According to the passage, what did Darwin believe would happen to human emotions that were not expressed?A. They would become less intense.B. They would last longer than usual.C. They would cause problems later.D. They would become more negative.48. Explain “The free expression by outward signs of an emotion intensifies it. On the other hand, the repression, of all outward signs softens our emotions."” based on “facial-feedback hypothesis”.Passage 4No one can be a great thinker who does not realize that as a thinker it is her first duty to follow her intellect to whatever conclusions it may lead. Truth gains more even by the errors of one who with due study and preparation, thinks for himself, than by the true opinions of those who only hold them because they do not suffer themselves to think. No that it is solely, of chiefly, to form great thinkers that freedom of thinking is required. One the contrary, it is as much or even more indispensable to enable average human beings to attain the mental stature which they are capable of. There have been and many again be great individual thinkers in a general atmosphere of mental slavery. But there never has been, nor ever will be, in that atmosphere an intellectually active people. Where any of heterodox speculation was for a time suspended, where there is a tacit convention that principles are not to be disputed: where the discussion of the greatestquestions which can occupy humanity is considered to be closed, we cannot hope to find that generally high scale of mental activity which has made some periods of history so remarkable. Never when controversy avoided the subjects which are large and important enough to kindle enthusiasm was the mind of a people stirred up fro9m its foundation and the impulse given which raised even persons of the most ordinary intellect to something of the dignity of thinking beings.She who knows only her own side of the case knows little of that. Her reasons may be food, and no one may have been able to refute them. But if she is equally unable to refute the reasons of the opposite side; if she does not so much as know what they are, she has no ground for preferring either opinion. The rational position for her would be suspension of judgment, and unless she contents herself with that, she is either led by authority, or adopts, like the generality of the world the side to which she feels the most inclination. Nor is it enough that she should heat the arguments of adversaries from her own teachers, presented as they state them, and accompanied by what they offer as refutations.That is not the way to do justice to the arguments, or bring them into real contact with her own mind. She must be able to hear them form persons who actually believe them; who defend them in earnest, and do their very utmost for them. She must know them in their most plausible and persuasive form; she must feel the whole force of the difficulty which the true view of the subject has to encounter and dispose of; else she will never really possess herself of the portion of truth which meets and removes that difficulty. Ninety-nine in a hundred of what are called educated persons are in this condition; even of those who can argue fluently for their opinions. Their conclusion may be true, but it might be false for anything they know; they have never thrown themselves into the mental position of those who think differently from them and considered what such persons may have to say; and consequently they do not, in any proper sense of the word, know the doctrines which they themselves profess.49. The best title for this passage is ___________A. The Age of ReasonB. The Need for Independent ThinkingC. The Value of ReasonD. Stirring People’s Minds50. According to the author, it is always advisable to ___________ A. have opinions which cannot be refuted. B. adopt the point of view to which one feels the most inclination. C. be acquainted with the arguments favoring the point of view with which one disagrees, D. suspend heterodox speculation in favor of doctrinaire approaches.51. According to the author, in a great period such as the Renaissance we may expect to find _______A. acceptance of truthB. controversy over principlesC. inordinate enthusiasmD. a dread of heterodox speculation52. According to the author, the person who holds orthodox beliefs without examination may be described in all of the following ways EXCEPT as ___________A. enslaved by traditionB. less than fully rationalC. determined on controversyD. having a closed mind。

暨南大学外国语学院《706外语（英）水平考试》历年考研真题及详解

目　录2011年暨南大学706外语（英）水平考试考研真题及详解2012年暨南大学706外语（英）水平考试考研真题及详解2013年暨南大学706外语（英）水平考试考研真题及详解2014年暨南大学706外语（英）水平考试考研真题及详解2015年暨南大学706外语（英）水平考试考研真题及详解2016年暨南大学706外语（英）水平考试考研真题及详解2017年暨南大学706外语（英）水平考试考研真题及详解2018年暨南大学706外语（英）水平考试考研真题及详解2011年暨南大学706外语（英）水平考试考研真题及详解Part Ⅰ Grammar and V ocabulary (30 points)Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked A, B, C andD. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Write your answer onto the ANSWER SHEET.1. According to one belief, if truth is to be known it will make itself apparent, so one _____ wait instead of searching for it.A. would ratherB. had toC. cannot butD. had best【答案】D句意：根据一种信念，如果真理将会被人们知道的话，它总会自动现身，因【解析】此，人们最好是等待真理而不是去寻找真理。

had best意思是“最好”，相当于had better，最为符合句意。

would rather是“宁愿”。

had to是“必须，不得不”。

cannot but是“不得不，不禁”。

2011英语综合华侨大学英语专业考研真题

a circle with one’s thumb and index fingermeanzero or worthless 10. __________
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暨南大学2011年翻译硕士考研真题及答案

暨南大学2011年翻译硕士考研真题及答案历年真题是最权威的，最直接了解各专业考研的复习资料，考生要重视和挖掘其潜在价值，尤其是现在正是冲刺复习阶段，模拟题和真题大家都要多练多总结，下面分享暨南大学2011年翻译硕士考研真题及答案，方便考生使用。

暨南大学2011年翻译硕士考研真题及答案I. Phrase Translation (30 points)1. Big Ben: (伦敦英国议会大厦钟楼上的)大本钟; 大笨钟2. CPI: 居民消费价格指数(Consumer Price Index);消费者物价指数3. Culture shock: 文化冲击，文化震惊(突然处于一个与前大不相同的社会和文化环境中因而感到困惑、忧虑、烦恼的心情)4. FIFA: 国际足球联盟(Federation Internationale de Football Association)5. FOB: 离岸价(free on board);离岸价格6. Force majeure: 不可抗力7. Intellectual property rights: 知识产权8. Language Acquisition Device: 语言习得装置;语言习得机制9. Weapons of mass destruction: 大规模毁灭性武器10. National Security Council: 美国国家安全委员会11. NASDAQ: 全国证券交易商协会自动报价表(National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation); 美国纳斯达克12. Swine flu: 猪流感13. Word processing system: 文字处理系统14. Wuthering Heights: 《呼啸山庄》(艾米莉·勃朗特于1848年出版的一本小说)15. The Christian Science Monitor: 《基督科学箴言报》(是美国的一份国际性日报。

2011年暨南大学考研真题281德语硕士学位研究生入学考试试卷

2011年硕士研究生入学考试试题**********************************************************************学科、专业名称：英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学研究方向：英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学考试科目名称：德语考试科目代码：281考生注意：所有答案必须写在答题纸（卷）上，写在本试题上一律不给分。

Teil 1: Grammatik und Wortschatz (35 Punkte für 30 Testaufgaben)A Wählen Sie die richtig Lösung (20 Punkte für 20 Testaufgaben)Markieren Sie die Lösungen auf dem Antwortbogen.1. In einem Zimmer haben wir über unseren Köpfen ________.A) die Decke B) den Boden C) die Deckung D) den Deckel2. Bleiben Sie nicht zu lange bei einer Aufgabe, ________ Sie nicht lösen können.A) das B) wenn C) diese D) die3. Die Kopiergeräte in den Bibliothek sind ________ Gebühr benutzbar.A) über B) für C) gegen D) mit4. Habt ihr ________ Aufenthaltserlaubnis schon beantragt?A) euer B) eure C) ihre D) euch5. In Deutschland hat sie viel Schönes erlebt, ________ sie sich jetzt gern erinnert.A) was B) an das C) woran D) das6. Die Polizei zweifelte ________, dass sie das getan hat.A) daran B) darum C) daraus D) davon7. Viele alte Leute in Groβstädten leiden ________ der Einsamkeit.A) bei B) unter C) wegen D) aus8. Er kam plötzlich auf die ________ eine Reise nach Tibet zu machen.A) Gedanke B) Vorstellung C) Absicht D) Idee9. Am Valentinstag am 14. Februar ________ die Leute in BlumenggeschäftenSchlange bis auf die Straβe.A) warten B) stehen C) sind D) stellen10. Die Gesellschaft verlangt bei der Hochschulreform endlich Taten ________endloser Diskussion.A) statt B) ohne C) trotz D) wegen11. ________ die Aufgabe schwierig, möchte er versuche, sie zu erfüllen.A) Wenn B) Dennnoch C) Obwohl D) Zwar12. In diesem Buchladen gibt es nur ________.A) wenig gute Bücher B) wenige gute BüchernC) wenige guten Bücher D) wenige guten Bücher13. Wenn man zu viel Alkohol trinkt, wird es ________ schlecht gehen.A) man B) dem man C) ihm D) einem14. Er ist auβer sich ________ Freude.A) wegen B) vor C) aus D) durch15. Ich habe mir den Kopf ________, und finde immer noch keine gute Lösung.A) weh getan B) zerbrochen C) angestrengt D) zerstört16. Seine Mutter behandelt ihn ________ ein kleines Kind.A) an B) für C) wie D) auf17. Ich habe den Film, ________ich mich besonders interessiere, in jenem Kino gesehen, ________ der Hauptbahnhof steht.A) für den … neben dem B) der … neben demC) an dem … dem D) den … dessen18. Kannst du es so ________, dass du am Wochenende zurückkehrst?A) richten B) machen C) tun D) einrichten19. Zuerst gab es einen bunten Salat, ________einen Schweinebraten.A) nachdem B) danach C) nach dem D) nächst20. Wenn ich den Wagen kaufen will, muss ich bei der Bank einen Kredit ________.A) abholen B) abheben C) aufnehmen D) anschreibenB Ergänzen Sie die Sätze (15 Punkte für 10 Testaufgaben)Ergänzen Sie die passenden Wörter. Schreiben Sie sie dann auf den Antwortbogen.21. Das chinesische Frühlingsfest ist ein Familienfest ________ Weihnachten inchristlichen Lädern.22. Das Kind ist in Berlin, ________ Hauptstadt von Deutschland, geboren.23. Er ist allein nach Paris gefahren, ________ seine Frau mitzunehmen.24. Wegen einer Operation hat mich der Arzt für zwei Wochen krank _________.25. Nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg wusstten viele Flüchtlinge nicht, ________ sie gehensollten.26. Studierende ________ dem Ausland berichten zu diesem Thema von ihrenErfahrungen.27. Ich wurde nachts durch einen Anruf geweckt, ________ ich mich sehr ärgerte.28. Der Motorradfahrer, ________ Vorderreifen geplatzt war, blieb unverletzt.29. Bitte warten Sie einen Moment im Wartezimmer, ________ ich Sie rufe.30. Ich lese während der Reise, ________ es mir nicht langweilig wird.Teil 2: Leseverstehen (30 Punkte für 20 Testaufgaben)A Wählen Sie die richtig Antwort (20 Punkte für 10 Testaufgaben)Im folgenden sind zwei Lesetexte. Zu jedem Text werden einige fragen gestellt order Aussagen gemacht.Jeder Aufgabe hat vier Antwortmöglichkeiten bzw. Aussagen–A), B), C) und D). nachdem Sie den Text gelesen haben,wählen Sie eine richtige Antwort bzw. Eine richtige Aussage. Dann markieren Sie den entsprechenden Buchstaben auf dem Antwortbogen.Text 1Einer der wichtigsten gesellschaftlichen Aufgaben in Deutschland ist heute die Lösung des Abfallproblems. Die Menge des Hausmüll hat sich in den letzten 40 Jahren stark erhöht. Jeder Bürger produziert pro Jahr im Durchschnitt ca. 350 kg Müll. Undobwohl das Umweltbewusstein der Bürger gestiegen ist, wachsen trotzdem die Müllberger weiter an.Wie kann das Müllproblem gelöst warden? Fast all Produkte, die man kaufen kann, sind verpackt. Die Verpackung bestehen aus Wertstoffen wie Glas, Papier, Metal oder Kunststoff. Wenn man diese Wertstoffer zusammen wegwirft, muss der gesamte Müll verbrannt warden. Aber wenn man den Müller getrennt sammelt und dann wegwirft, können die Werstoffe wieder verwendet warden.Das Cycling von Glas, papier und Metall hat schon eine längere Tradition und die Recycling-Techniken sind relativ weit entwickelt. Ein grüner Punkt auf der Verpackung zeigt den Käufern, dass sie den Abfall in eine besondere Mülltonne, die so genannte gelbe Tonne, werfen sollen. Das Recycling von Kunststoffen ist dagegen komplizierter. Es warden zwar schon seit einigen Jahren Kunststoffverpackungen getrennt gesammelt, z.B. Joghurtbecher oder Waschmittelflaschen. Aber das Sortieren und Recyceln der Kunststoffabfälle ist problematisch.Erstens müssen die Kunststoffverpackungen vor dem Wegwerfen gründlich sauber gemacht werden. Wenn man dies nicht tut, wird die Gesundheit der Arbeiter, die den Müll weiter sortieren müssen, gefährdet. Viele Menschen haben aber keine Lust oder keine Zeit, um jeden Joghurtbecher zuerst zu waschen. Der schmutzige Kunststoffabfall muss dann doch verbrannt warden.Zweitens konnte bisher beim Recycling nur Kunststoffe gewonnen werden, deren Qualität nicht so hoch war wie die Qualität der Produkte vorher. So konnten mit den wieder zu verwendenden Kunststoffen bisher nur Sitzbänke für Spaziergänger hergestellt werden. Erst vor kurzem haben Wissenschaftler der Technischen Universität in Berlin eine neue Methode entwickelt, um Kunststoffe von hoher Qualität zu recyceln. Leider gibt es aber noch kein Unternehmen, das diese Methode übernehmen und eine moderne Recycling-Anlage finanzieren will.Abschlieβend kann man sagen, dass man beim Recycling von Wertstoffen in den letzten Jahren groβe Fortschritte gemacht hat. Das Müllproblem in Deutschland wird man aber nur dann lösen können, wenn jeder einzelne Bürger umweltbewusst ist und beim Einkaufen nur solche Verpackungen auswählt, die man wieder verwenden kann. Damit also die Müllberge nicht weiter anwachsen, brauchen wire in Umdenken in unserer wegwerfgesellschaft.1. Nach dem Text gehört es zu den wichtigsten gesellschaftlichen Aufgaben in Deutschland, _______________________A) Hausmüll zu beseitigen.B) das Umweltbewusstsein zu steigern.C) das Abfallproblem zu lösen.D) weniger Müll zu produzieren.2. Die Wertstoffe der Verpackungen können wiederverwendet warden, ___________A) wenn man die Produkte ohne Verpackungen kauft.B) wenn man sie getrennt wegwirft.C) wenn man sie zuzammen wegwirft.D) wenn man den gesamten Müll verbrennt.3. Kunststoffabfälle wieder zu verwenden ____________________A) ist so kompliziert wie das Recycling von Glas, Papier und Metall.B) ist jetzt schon kein Problem mehr.C) hat schon lange Tradition.D) ist nicht so leicht wie das Recycling von anderen Wertstoffen.4. ___________ hat man in den letzten Jahren groβe Fortschritte gemacht.A) Beim Recycling von WertstoffenB) Nur beim Recycling von PapierC) Nur beim Recycling von KunststoffabfällenD) Beim Sortieren von verschiedenen Verpackungen5. Das Müllproblem in Deutschland ist nur dann zu lösen, wenn _________.A) man möglichst wenig Müll produziert.B) man Produkte mit Verpackungen kauft.C) jeder starkes Umweltbewusstein hat.D) die Verpackungen auf dem Müllberg weggeworfen werden.Text 2Wir stehen mitten drin in einer neuen technologishcen Revolution, im Übergang vom Industriezeitalter zur Informationsgesellschaft. Zwei Begriffe beherrschen zur Zeit die Diskussion über die Zukunft der Arbeitswelt: Dienstlesitung und Informationstechnologie. Häufig vorkommene Vorurteile: Dienstlesitung beduete schlecht bezahlte Klein-Jobs nach US-Vorbild; die IT-Branche verlange langjährige Ausbildung an Universitäten und Fachhochschulen. Aber das Gegenteil ist der Fall.Die junge IT-Branche ist ein neuer Markt, der noch keine strengen Bedingungen festgelegt hat –und sie wahrscheinlich auch nie so aufbauen wird, wie wir es aus anderen Branchen gewohnt waren. Wissen eröffnet hier mehr Chancen als ein Zeugnis. Auch Dienstleistung bedeutet nicht, Fleisch zu braten oder an Bahnhöfen Koffer anderer Leute zu tragen. Die künftigen Dienstleister lehren, forschen und organisieren.Immer mehr traditionelle Arbeitsplätze verschwinden. Der zunehmende Konkurrenzdruck von heute zwingt auch Arbeitgeber immer häufiger zur Abschaffung von Arbeitsplätzen. Das gesamte Unternehmen macht sonst keinen Gewinn. Zwar wird die Festanstellung als Beschäftigungsform in den Unternehmen nicht völlig verschwinden,doch die Zahl der Arbeitnehmer, die das ganz Jahr für denselben Arbeitgeber tätig sind, wird weiter zurückgehen. Und: Die wenigsten Arbeitnehmer werden ihren erlernten Beruf bis zur Rente ausüben können, viele werden sich sogar häufig neu orientieren müssen.Den Arbeitslosenzahlen gegenüber steht ein deutliches Wachstum in der Branche der Zeitarbeit: 1998 betrug der Zuwachs im Vorjahresvergleich fast 21%, zum Jahresende arbeiteten dann 202 571 Mitarbeiter bei insgesamt 2 937 Zeitarbeitsunternehmen.Immer mehr Firmen setzen auf eine flexible, bedarfsorientierte Personalpolitik und stellen ihre Mitarbeiter nach Bedarf an – nur für die Zeit, in der auch Arbeit vorhanden ist. Die Angestellten der Zeitarbeitsfirmen machen ihren Job. Werden sie nicht mehr gebraucht, gehen sie weiter in ein anderes Unternehmen.Tatsälich bieten die Zeitarbeitsfirmen eine Art verkehrtes Job-Sharing: Nicht wie sont teilen sich zwei Menschen einen Arbeitsplatz, sondern viele Teilzeitstellen werden mit dem notwendigen Personal gemeisam besetzt. 2008 dürften etwa Million Arbeitnehmer bei Zeitarbeitsfirmen arbeiten.6. Wie sieht die künftige Dienstleistungsarebeit aus?A) Man wird schlecht bezahlt.B) Man brät Fleisch im Restaurant.C) Man trägt am Bahnhof oder im Hotel für andere Leute Koffer.D) Man lehrt, forscht und organisiert.7. Je mehr man weiss, __________________.A) desto mehr Chancen bekommt manB) desto höheren Leistungsdruck bekommt manC) desto weniger Gewinn macht manD) desto schwer findet man eine Chance8. Hätten Arbeitgeber die Zahl der Arbeitsplätze nicht verringert, ____________.A) hätte das Unternehmen mehr Gewinn gemachtB) hätte das Unternehmen im Ausland investiertC) hätte das Unternehmen kaum Gewinn gemachtD) würde sich die Zahl der Festangestellten vergröβern9. Nach dem Text wird es später ________________ geben.A) immer mehr FestangestellteB) immer weniger FestangestellteC) keine FestangestellteD) nur Festangestellte10. Welche Aussage ist dem Text nach richtig?A) Die Firmen bieten immer häufiger fest Arbeitsplätze an.B) Die Firmen bieten immer häufiger Zeitarbeit an.C) Die Firmen bieten Arbeit an, auch wenn sie nicht vorhanden ist.D) Die Firmen bieten ihren Mitarbeitern immer häufiger Weiterbildung an.B Wählen Sie die richtig Lösung (10 Punkte für 10 Testaufgaben)Lesen Sie bitte den folgenden Text, und wählen Sie bei den Aufgaben 11–20 die Wörter (A, B, C oder D), die in den Satz passen. Es gibt jeweils nur eine richtige Antwort.Übertragen Sie Ihre Lösungen auf den Antwortbogen.Seit Jahren ist der demografische Wandel ein ausgiebig diskutiertes Thema in der deutschen Öffentlichkeit. Die Bundesbürger werden immer älter und das hat spürbare (11)auf alle Bereiche des gesellschaftlichen Lebens - auch auf die Arbeitswelt. Aufgrund der gestiegenen Lebenserwartung und des gesetzlich festgelegten späterenBeginns der Rentenzahlung ist bis zum Jahr 2020 mit einer Erhöhung (12) der 55- bis 64-Jährigen in den Betrieben um 40 Prozent zu rechnen. Dieser Entwicklung hinken die meisten Unternehmen in ihrer Personalpolitik (13), denn weniger als ein Fünftel der deutschen Betriebe kümmert sich überhaupt darum, diese älteren Mitarbeiter gezielt zu fördern. Das Ideal ist (14)immer noch der junge, dynamische Erfolgsmensch und nur langsam setzt sich in den Personalabteilungen die Erkenntnis durch, dass auch ältere, berufserfahrene Mitarbeiter von nicht zu unterschätzendem (15) für ihre Firma sein können. Ein Unternehmen, das langfristig um qualifizierte Arbeitskräfte bemüht ist und den sich immer deutlicher abzeichnenden Facharbeitermangel ernst (16), kommt nicht umhin, Geld in Bereiche wie Gesundheitsvorsorge und Weiterbildung für ältere Arbeitskräfte zu investieren. Leider (17)sich bisher das betriebliche Interesse an den Älteren oft nur auf Mitarbeitergespräche und Krankenstandsanalysen. Selten wird danach gefragt, was der Grund für Fehlzeiten durch Krankheit ist - inwiefern also das Betriebsklima, Mobbing oder ungesunde Arbeitsbedingungen dafür (18)sind. Weitsichtige Führungskräfte, die dem verbreiteten Vorurteil über die angeblich so tatkräftige Jugend kritisch (19), erklären denn auch ganz klar, dass ältere Arbeitnehmer im Vergleich oft wesentlich besser ausgebildet und befähigt sind. Und mit der konjunkturell bedingten verbesserten Auftragslage steigt die Nachfrage nach diesen lebens- und berufserfahrenen Beschäftigten. (20)bei vielen Jugendlichen sind keine ausreichenden Fachkenntnisse vorhanden, wie die zahlreichen Klagen von Arbeitgebern belegen. Gerade hier könnten die Älteren der Jugend ihr Wissen und Können weitergeben.11. A) Auswirkungen B)Eindrücke C) Ergebnisse D) Weiterungen12. A) der Beteiligung B) der Nummer C) des Anteils D) des Beitrags13 A) danach B) hinter C) hinterher D) nachher14 A) am Rande B) auf Dauer C) im Besonderen D) in der Regel15. A) Preis B) Rang C) Wert D) Zweck16. A) diskutiert B) erachtet C) nimmt D) sieht17 A) begrenzt B) beschränkt C) kürzt D) sorgt18. A) gerecht B) schuldig C) ursprünglich D) verantwortlich19. A) gegenübersehen B) gegenübersitzenC) gegenüberstehen D) entgegenstehen20. A) Weil B) Wie C) Deshalb D) DennTeil 3: Übersetzung (20 Punkte für 10 Testaufgaben)A Übersetzung aus dem Deutschen ins Chinesische (10 Punkte für 5Testaufgaben)1.Viele sagen, dass sie in ihre Freizeit am liebsten lesen, und den Wunsch, eine eigene Büchersammulung zu besitzen.2.Der Erfolg Siemens hängt hauptsächlich von qualifizierten Kräften ab, die in hervorragenden Hochschulen in Deutschland ausgebildet worden sind.3.Diese Entdeckung eröffnet für die Zukunft eine neue Möglichkeit zum Schutz alterBauten.4.Die Studenten können aus einem groβen Angebot von Lehrveranstaltungen selbst einen Plan zusammenstellen.5.Lernen wird heute als lebenslanger Prozess angesehen und nicht mehr als seine auf die Jugendzeit beschränkte Tätigkeit.BÜbersetzung aus dem Chinesischen ins Deutsche (10 Punkte für 5 Testaufgaben)6.虽然机器损坏了，但工作可以继续进行。

考研真题：广东暨南大学2020年[英语水平]考试真题

考研真题：暨南大学2020年[英语水平]考试真题Part I. Vocabulary and Structure (30 points)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.1. His work shed ______yet necessary light on an important way to slow the spread of this deadly virus.A. provisionalB. seductiveC. insultingD. disturbing2. The new chemical will ________ this kind of insects in this area.A. eliminateB. prosecuteC. quenchD. quilt3. I have to say this, but this coat you’ve just bought is made of _______ fur; it is not real mink.A. coarseB. genuineC. slipperyD. counterfeit4. Plastic bags are useful for holding many kinds of food, ______ their cleanness, toughness and low cost.A. by virtue ofB. in addition toC. for the sake ofD. as opposed to5. It must guarantee freedom of expression to the end that all _________ to the flow of ideas shall be removed.A. propheciesB. transactionsC. argumentsD. hindrances6.This warm air was, needless to say, the perfect environment for the rapid growth of disease-carrying ______ originating from outside the building.A. germB. microbeC. fungusD. bacteria7. Traditionally, a dark suit is ______ to a light one for evening wear.A. alternateB. choosableC. selectiveD. preferable8. I have replaced my old ______ typewriter with an electric one.A. artificialB. manualC. automaticD. synthetic9. Four police officers sustained ______ in the explosion.A. ruinsB. injuriesC. damagesD. spoils10.The professor found himself constantly______ the question: “How could anyone do these things?”A. presidingB. poringC. ponderingD. presuming11. Weeks _______ before anyone was arrested in connection with the bank robbery.A. terminatedB. elapsedC. overlappedD. expired12. His attempt to ________ the two friends failed because they had complete faith in each other.A. alienateB. abuseC. alleviateD. abandon13. Building the Bird’s Nest calls for giant curving beams which crisscross in an ______ pattern of woven steel.A. intuitiveB. intensiveC. intrinsicD. intricate14. Older, less dogmatic theories better explained how the problems in the financial _____ dragged down the rest of the economy.A. charterB. sessionC. chapelD. sector15. Language may be _______ of as a process which arises from social interaction.A. comprisedB. conceivedC. disposedD. deprived16. I meant __________ the matter with you, but I had some guests there.A. discussB. discussingC. having discussedD. to have discussed17. Any student _______ in chess can apply for membership.A. have a keen interestB. with a keen interestC. who is keenly interestedD. when keenly interesting18. _________, she stood at the front door waiting for her husband to return.A. Being finished prepared dinnerB. Having finished preparing dinnerC. Finished preparing dinnerD. Having finished to prepare dinner19. All this leads to a population in the twenty-first century that is smaller______ feared few years ago.A. than wasB. that wasC. than thatD. it was20. _________ will Mr. Peter be able to regain control of the company.A. Only hard workB. Only if he works hardC. With hard workD. In spite of his hard work21. One of the requirements for a fire is that the material _______ to its burning temperature.A. heatedB. be heatedC. to be heatedD. being heated22. The earthquake ______ not have come at a worse time for the war-torn country.A. couldB. mustC. mightD. should23. The boy students in this school are nearly_____ as the girl students to say they intend to get a college degree in business.A. twice as likelyB. likely as twiceC. as twice likelyD. as likely twice24. If the whole operation _______ beforehand, a great deal of time and money would have been lost.A. was not plannedB. has not been plannedC. had not been plannedD. were not planned25. Apple pie is _______ neither good nor bad; it is the way it is used that determines its value.A. at itselfB. as itselfC. on itselfD. in itself26. ________ us earlier, ________ your request to the full.A. You have contacted … we could comply withB. Had you contacted … we could have complied withC. You had contacted … could we have complied withD. Have you contacted … we could comply with27. The explosion on the sun cannot be heard, there_________ no air between the earth’s atmosphere and the sun.A. isB. wasC. beingD. be28. ______ by the host added to his uneasiness.A. His neglectingB. His being neglectedC. He is neglectedD. He had been neglected29. Every man, woman and child in this community_______ now aware of the terrible consequences of the habit of smoking.A. isB. areC. wasD. were30. As a result, the mission of the school, along with the culture of the classroom, _______.A. was slowly to changeB. are slowly changedC. is slowly changedD. have slowly changedPart II. Proof-reading and Error Correction（10 points）Directions:Proofread the given passage as instructed. The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way:For a wrong word Underline the wrong and write the correct one inthe blank provided on the answer sheet.For a missing word Mark the position of the missing word with a “∧”sign and write the word you believe to be missingin the blank provided on the answer sheet.For an unnecessary word Cross the unnecessary word with a slash “/” and put the word in the blank provided on the answer sheet.Status symbols are signs that identify their possessors’place in a social hierarchy, markers of rank and prestigious. We can all think any number of status symbols—Rolls-Royces, Beverly Hills mansions, even Shar Pei puppies (whose rareness and expense has rocketed them beyond Russian wolfhounds as status pets and has even aspired whole lines of wrinkle-faced stuffed toys)—but how do we know that something is a status symbol? The explain is quite simple: when an object (or puppy) either costs a lot of money or requires influential connections to possess it, anyone who possesses it must also possess the necessity means and influence to acquire it. The object itself really doesn’t matter, since it ultimate disappears behind the presumed social impotency of its owner. Semiotically, what matters is the signal it sends, its value as a sign of power. One traditional sign of social extinction is owning a country estate and enjoying the peace and privacy that attend it. Advertisements for Mercedes-Benz, Jaguar, and Audi automobiles thus frequently feature motoring quietly along a country road, presumably on their way to or from their country houses.1. ____________2. ____________3. ____________4. ____________5. ____________6. ____________7. ____________8. ____________9. ____________10.____________Part III. Cloze (20 points)Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage. You are required to read the passage and fill in each bank with a word from the word bank, and change the form where necessary. Do not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.adopt toward economy contribute thrive pick up quantumreach urban by initiate coordinate implement with remain outbound reserve region get up in rural astronomy endeavor lead supply-sideWe have 1 committed to the new development philosophy, 2 the right approach to development, and 3 to transform the growth model. The result has been a constant improvement in the quality and effect of development. The economy has maintained a medium-high growth rate, making China a 4 among the major 5 . With the gross domestic product rising from 54 trillion to 80 trillion Yuan, China has maintained its position as the world’s second largest economy and 6 more than 30 percent of global economic growth. 7 structural reform has made further headway, bringing a steady improvement in the economic structure. Emerging industries like the digital economy are 8 ; the construction of high-speed railways, highways, bridges, ports, airports, and other types of infrastructure has 9 pace. Agricultural modernization has steadily advanced, with annual grain production 10 600 million metrictons. The level of 11 has risen 12 an annual average of 1.2 percentage points, and more than 80 million people who have moved from rural to urban areas have gained permanent urban residency. Regional development has become more balanced; the Belt and Road 13 , the 14 development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, and the development of the Yangtze Economic Belt have all made notable progress. Through devoting great energy to 15 the innovation-driven development strategy, we have seen much accomplished 16 making China a country of innovators, 17 major advances made in science and technology, including the successful launch of Tiangong-2 space lab, the commissioning of the deep-sea manned submersible Jiaolong and of the five-hundred-meter aperture spherical telescope (FAST) Tianyan, the launch of the dark matter probe satellite Wukong and the 18 science satellite Mozi, and the test flight of the airliner C919. Construction on islands and reefs in the South China Sea has seen steady progress. The new institutions of the open economy have been steadily improved. China now leads the world in trade, 19 investment, and foreign exchange 20 .Part IV. Reading Comprehension (30 points)Directions:In this section, there are three passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best answer and write the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.Passage 1Since 1992, the U.S. has offered Israel an additional $ 2 billion annually in loan guarantees. Congressional researchers have disclosed that between 1974 and 1989, $ 16.4 billion in U. S. military loans were converted to grants and that this was the understanding from the beginning. Indeed, all past U.S. loans to Israel have eventually been forgiven by Congress, which has undoubtedly helped Israel’s often-touted claim that they have never defaulted on a U.S. government loan. U.S. policy since 1984 has been that economic assistance to Israel must equal or exceed Israel’s debt repayment to the United States. Unlike other countries, which receive aid in quarterly installments, aid to Israel since 1982 has been given in a lump sum at the beginning of the fiscal year, leaving the U.S. government to borrow from future revenues. Israel even lends some of this money back through U.S. treasury bills and collects the additional interest.In addition, there is more than $ 1.5 billion in private U.S. funds that goes to Israel annually in the form of $ 1 billion in private tax-deductible donations and $ 500 million in Israeli bonds. The ability of Americans to make what amounts to tax-deductible contributions to a foreign government, made possible through a number of Jewish charities, does not exist with any other country. Nor do these figures include short-and-long term commercials loans from U. S. banks, which have been as high as $ 1 billion annually in recent years.Total U. S. aid to Israel is approximately one-third of the Americanforeign-aid budget, even though Israel comprises just 0.001 percent of the world’s population and already has one of the world’s higher per capita incomes. Indeed, Israel’s GNP is higher than the combined GNP of Egypt, Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, the West Bank and Gaza. With a per capita income of about $ 14,000, Israel ranks as the sixteenth wealthiest country in the world; Israelis enjoy a higher per capita income than oil-rich Saudi Arabia and are only slightly less well-off than most Western European countries.AID does not term economic aid to Israel as developmental assistance, but instead uses the term “economic support funding”. Given Israel’s relative prosperity, U.S. aid to Israel is becoming increasingly controversial. In 1994, Yossi Beilen, deputy foreign minister of Israel and a Knesset member, told the Women’s International Zionist Organization, “If our economic situation is better than many of your countries, how can we go on asking for your charity?”1. According to the passage, American economic assistance to Israel took all the following forms EXCEPT________.A. private fundsB. commercial loans from U. S. banksC. government grantsD. government donations2. What is the writer’s attitude towards American economic aid to Israel?A. Appreciative.B. Disapproving.C. Ambiguous.D. Difficult to tell.3. What is the main reason why U.S. aid to Israel is becoming controversial?A. The large sum of loans to Israel.B. American financial situation.C. The relative prosperity of Israel’s economy.D. Survey of U. S. Congressional researchers.4. The words of the deputy foreign minister of Israel indicate that ________.A. Jewish charities provided great help for IsraelB. Israel actually doesn’t deserve American economic aidC. American is obliged to give Israel economic aidD. Israel’s economy is worsening.5. It can be inferred from Israel’s “often-touted claim” that _______.A. Israel was satisfied with the ability in repaying all the loans from AmericaB. U. S. government should not worry about the Israel’s economic development.C. U.S. economic aid to Israel was a wrong decision.D. American economic assistance to Israel was successful.Passage 2What might driving on an automated highway be like？The answer depends on what kind of system is ultimately adopted. Two distinct types are on the drawing board. The first is a special-purpose lane system，in which certain lanes are reserved for automated vehicles. The second is a mixed traffic system: fully automated vehicles would share the road with partially automated or manually driven cars. A special-purpose lane system would require more extensive physical modifications to existing highways，but it promises the greatest gains in freeway capacity.Under either scheme，the driver would specify the desired destination，furnishing this information to a computer in the car at the beginning of the trip or perhaps just before reaching the automated highway. If a mixed traffic system was in place，automated driving could begin whenever the driver was on suitably equipped roads. If special-purpose lanes were available，the car could enter them and join existing traffic in two different ways. One method would use a special onramp. As the driver approached the point of entry for the highway，devices installed on the roadside would electronically check the vehicle to determine its destination and to ascertain that it had the proper automation equipment in good working order. Assuming it passed such tests，the driver would then be guided through a gate and toward an automated lane. In this case，the transition from manual to automated control would take place on the entrance ramp. An alternative techniquecould employ conventional lanes which would be shared by automated and regular vehicles. The driver would steer onto the highway and move in normal fashion to a “transition”lane. The vehicle would then shift under computer control onto a lane reserved for automated traffic (The limitation of these lanes to automated traffic would，presumably，be well respected，because all trespassers could be swiftly identified by authorities.).Either approach to joining a lane of automated traffic would harmonize the movement of newly entering vehicles with those already traveling. Automatic control here should allow for smooth merging, without the usual uncertainties and potential for accidents. Once a vehicle had settled into automated travel，the driver would be free to release the wheel，open the morning paper or just relax.6. We learn from the first paragraph that two systems of automated highways_______.A. are being plannedB. are being modifiedC. are now in wide useD. are under construction7. A special-purpose lane system is probably advantageous in that __________.A. it would require only minor changes to existing highwayB. it would achieve the greatest highway traffic efficiencyC. it has a lane for both automated and partially automated vehiclesD. it offers more lanes for automated vehicles8. The drivers need to __________ to work well under the two traffic systems.A. install a special sensor in the carB. tell computer the destination before setting offC. furnish the interior of the vehicleD. drive on the automated highway9. We know from the passage that a car can enter a special-purpose lane _______.A. by smoothly merging with cars on the conventional laneB. by way of a ramp with electronic control devicesC. through a specially-guarded gateD. after all trespassers are identified and removed10.When driving in an automated lane, the driver_________A. should harmonize with newly entering carsB. doesn’t have to rely on his computer systemC. should watch out for potential accidentsD. doesn’t have to hold to the steering wheelPassage 3Developing a peaceful, understanding, and supportive relationship between parents and children is not an easy task. Failures can and do occur at any age level, and at times the results are the abuse, neglect, and even death of children.Child abuse has become a major topic in child development and an issue of much national concern. In the span of four legislative years, 1963-1967, all fifty states enacted laws calling for the reporting of injuries inflicted on children. By 1973, the United States Congress passed the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act (Public Law 93-247). This law not only reflected the mood of concerned citizens, but also did much to clear up the confusion and disagreement over what is child abuse.The question “What causes child abuse?”has prompted much debate. The single most persistent myth which had plagued efforts to understand causes is the notion that parents who abuse children are mentally disturbed or ill. Although there is specific psychiatric diagnosis which comprises the behavior and personalities of abuser, they seem to share a common style of child rearing. Those parents demand high levels of child performance and they often use severe physical punishment to ensure the child’s proper behavior. Abusive parents themselves were raised in similar family situations and their own childhood experience has a lasting influence on their behaviors of adults.Current research has suggested, however, that the “abuser is sick”hypothesis is too limited. A broader social, psychological approach recognizes that some personal problems are implicit but that psychological factors arise out of a social context. Social factors include unemployment, social isolation, and unwanted pregnancy. Moreover, finding that abuse occurs more frequently in larger families and familieswith low income, poor education, and low occupational status suggests that many such parents cannot withstand the twenty-four-a-day responsibility to raise and care for their children. These problems aggravate the situation, especially when combined with the general approval in our culture of violence.11. This selection suggests that child abuse is ________.A. a growing problem whose causes are fully understoodB. caused primarily by the mental illness of parentsC. a problem in the United States, but a greater one in EuropeD. easily determined because of recent public laws12. We can know from the second paragraph that the law passed in 1973 ______.A. received little attention from the publicB. was condemned by abusive parentsC. was aimed to expand welfare programs of the United StatesD. helped much in clarifying the problem13. The person who is least likely to be a child-abusing parent is the one who______.A. was raised in abusive family situation himselfB. creates a peaceful and supportive family environment for his childC. is unemployed or socially isolatedD. is mentally ill14. Which one of the following is most probably a cause of child abuse?A. Too high an income of the parents.B. Unemployment of the parents.C. Poor health of the child.D. Peculiar personalities of the child.15. Which of the following statements is the author most likely to agree with?A. Violence on TV may contribute to child abuse.B. Medical doctors are largely to blame for unreported cases of child abuse.C. The media should not describe the details of child abuse cases.D. Violence in our society is acceptable unless children are victims.Part V. Translation (30 points)Section A.Chinese to English (15 points): Translate the following into English. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.人生于自然。

暨南大学考试试卷

暨南大学考试试卷一、词汇选择（共15小题，每小题1分，共15分） your choices in the table below.1. Crocodiles devour many small animals and occasionally attack large animals and people.A. depressB. supportC. consumeD. conceive2. I can still feel the agony of not being invited to a party that almost everyone else was going to.A. destructionB. painC. happinessD. sadness3. If everyone follows the same fashion, there will not be variety and the whole society will be monotonous.A. boringB. livelyC. interestingD. funny4. If you say that a person is versatile, you approve of them because they have many different skills.A. doing many tasks at the same timeB.prepared for different workC.possessing various skillsD.quick in understanding5.I’d go into the class jolly as usual, acting like things going just great, and even Mr.Burke would not suspect the truth.A.guessB. admitC. doubtD. believe6. Buck growled, and was surprised when the rope was pulled hard around his neck.A. made a low, threatening soundB. felt painC. felt puzzledD. became frightened7. My husband and I both go out to work so we share the household chores.A. dishwashingB. homeworkC. saying prayersD. small household duties8. Pa had got such good prices for his fur that he could afford to get them suchbeautiful presents.A. had enough moneyB. had timeC. was willingD. thought of9. Those students studying abroad should learn to adapt to the culture that is differentfrom their own.A. study in detailB. learn fromC. benefit fromD. make themselves fit for11. In paradise the dwellings are too far from each other for visiting.A. villagesB. gardensC. housesD. towns12. When the old woman had died, she had very few to mourn for her.A. talk sadlyB. say goodbyeC. feel sadD. remember well13. My words were lost as the walls above us crashed down, filling the cellar withbrick dust.A. disappeared instantlyB. broke violentlyC. vanished quicklyD. fell violently14. The temperature is below zero and the snow doesn't get a chance to thaw.A. sinkB. fallC. meltD. glow15. Anyway, I got my desk ready to study on since it was stacked with about twomillion things. What rhetorical device is employed in the expression?A. personificationB. simileC. metaphorD. hyperbole二、英译汉（共8小题，每小题3分，共24分）1.When he was still a child, Shakespeare wanted to be a poet more than anythingelse in the world.2.He missed his father, he longed for his mother, he yearned for Aksah (阿克莎). Hewished he had something to study; he dreamed of traveling; he wanted to ride his horse, to talk to friends.3.Buck jumped at the man, sixty kilos of anger, his mouth wide open, ready to bitethe man’s neck.4.T he lantern’s sides were of tin, with places cut in them for the candle-light toshine through.5.Yesterday when the bright sun blazed down on the wilted corn my father and Iwalked around the edge of the new ground to plan a fence.6.She (the mother) was sitting up late, waiting for Pa, Laura （劳拉）and Mary （玛丽）meant to stay awake, too, till he came.7.In despair, Kadish(卡迪士) went to consult a great specialist, celebrated for hisknowledge and wisdom.8.Farmer Nash ( 纳什) was not at the market, and a few minutes later we saw hisenraged face above the wall on the far side of the field.三、汉译英（共5小题，1-4每小题3分，第5题4分，共16）1.这条公蛇找到母蛇时，她已经死了。

2011年广东暨南大学外国语言文学综合考研真题解析版

2011年广东暨南大学外国语言文学综合考研真题学科、专业名称：英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学研究方向：各方向考试科目名称：外国语言文学综合考试考试科目代码：808考生注意：所有答案必须写在答题纸（卷）上，写在本试题上一律不给分。

Ⅰ.Multiple choices.There are20questions in this part.Choose the best answer to each question.Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.Both literature candidates and linguistics candidates must do this part.（20%）1.The first American President to be elected from the Republican Party was_______.A.Abraham LincolnB.James MonroeC.James MadisonD.Thomas Jefferson2.The most important and largest river in the United States of America is_________.A.the Ohio RiverB.the Colorado RiverC.the Missouri RiverD.the Mississippi River3.______________has been called the"cradle of American liberty".A.PhiladelphiaB.BostonC.PlymouthD.Chicago4.Junior college in America is_______________.A.two-year collegeB.four-year collegeC.three-year collegeD.five-year college5.President Nixon decided to resign because he__________________.A.refused to hand over the White House tapes to courtB.was tired of political struggle in Washington D.C.C.came to sec that most probably he would be impeachedD.was deserted by the Republican Party6.To its full sense,the British Parliament consists of_______________.A.the House of Lords and the House of CommonsB.the House and the SenateC.the Queen and the House of LordsD.the Sovereign,the House of Lords and the House of Commons7.Which of the following is true under Thatcher's administration in the UK?A.The proportion of owner-occupation decreased.B.Public housing became more important.C.Many Public houses were sold to people.D.The UK became more European-like in its housing arrangement.8.The oldest British daily newspaper is______________.A.Daily ExpressB.The TimesC.Financial TimesD.The Observer9.In appearance the Queen of Great Britain seems very powerful,but in reality,she is only______________.A.the Supreme Governor of EnglandB.the Duke of EdinburghC.a figure-headD.all of the above10.Britain joined the European Community in_________________.A.1972B.1973C.1974D.197511.In Industrial Revolution,George Stephenson invented________________.A.railway engineB.spinning machineC.steam engineD.cotton textile12.London's Metropolitan Police Force is directly under the control of__________.A.the Lord ChancellorB.the Home SecretaryC.the AttorneyD.the Prime Minister13.Ireland has a bipolar political system with two major parties.They are_________.A.Sinn Fein and Fianna FailB.Sinn Fein and Fine GaelC.Fianna Fail and Fine GaelD.IRA and Sinn Fein14.________________is the oldest of all the parties in Ireland.A.The Irish Labour PartyB.The Progressive DemocratsC.Finna FailD.Fine Gael15.In______________James Joyce introduced the stream of consciousness techniqueas a remarkable means of character portrayal.A.DublinersB.UlyssesC.A Portrait of the Artist as a Young ManD.Paradise and Hell16.By_____________,Upper Canada and Lower Canada were created.A.Canada Act of1791B.Quebec Act of1774C.British North America ActD.Act of Paris of176317.The_______are the indigenous people of New Zealand,and have a rich and variedculture.A.MaoriB.CherokeeC.People from IndiaD.People from Southeast Asia18._____________is Australia's largest and most diverse industry.A.MiningB.ManufacturingC.FishingD.Agriculture19.New Zealand became a separate colony of Britain in________________.A.1841B.1857C.1907D.193120.Who produced the first complete map of New Zealand in1769?A.Abel Tasman.B.A Dutchman.C.HobsonD.James Cook.II.Fill in the blanks with proper answers.Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. Both literature candidates and linguistics candidates must do this part.(20%) 1._________features are the phonemic features that occur above the level of thesegments.They include stress,tone,intonation,etc.2.English consonants can be classified in terms of_____________of articulationorin terms of place of articulation.3.The affix“-ish”in the word boyish conveys a_____________meaning.4.___________morphemes are those that cannot be used independently but have tobe combined with other morphemes to form a word.5.In the complex sentence，the incorporated or subordinate clause is normallycalled an_____________clause.6.A______________is a structurally independent unit that usually comprises anumber of words to form a complete statement，question or command.7.______________can be defined as the study of meaning.8.When two words are identical in sound，but different in spelling and meaning，they are called________________.9.The notion of______________is essential to the pragmatic study of language.10.There are four maxims under the________________principle：the maxim ofquantity，the maxim of quality，the maxim of relation and the maxim of manner.11.Lord_______________(1561-1626),the world-renowned British essayist,foundso much leisure for study as to make himself a great philosopher,a good historian and an elegant writer.His concise essay“Of Studies”thoroughly illustrates the functions and significance of study.12.“I Have Nothing to Offer but Blood,Tears,and Sweat”is a speech given bythe British Prime Minister________________,who is a Nobel Prize winner for literature and a prolific and well-respected painter as well.13.James Joyce(1882-1941),the Irish novelist,is noted for his experimental useof language in such works as____________(1922)and Finnegans Wake(1939).14.In the_______________point of view,the narrator appears to know everythingabout all the characters,including what they are thinking.It takes no actions, casts no judgments,expresses no opinions and has no physical form in or out of the story.15._______________writers introduced a new theme into literature:the struggleof the proletariat for its rights.They portrayed the world as it was seen by the poor,the down trodden.16.An_______________story is a story whose overall plot is concerned with puttingthe protagonist through a particular sort of experience.The idea is that the character is forced,by what he/she encounters in the course of the action,to become"a different person,"usually someone more complicated,more comprehensive,with wider views.17.The story of“The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County”can be viewedas an epitome of the late______________century American society and culture.18.Edgar Allan Poe was considered part of the American____________________Movement.Best known for his tales of mystery and the macabre,Poe was one of the earliest American practitioners of the short story and is considered theinventor of the detective fiction genre.He is further credited with contributing to the emerging genre of science fiction.19.With the publication of The Sun Also Rises,three years later,Hemingway becamethe spokesman for what Gertrude Stein called______________.20.“I felt a funeral,in my Brain,/And Mourners to and fro/Kept treading–treading–till it seemed/That Sense was breaking through–“The poet who writes these lines is_______________.III.Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET according to requirements.Both literature candidates and linguistics candidates must do this part.(10%) Section A:Decide whether each of the following statements is True or False.If it is true,write T on the ANSWER SHEET.If it is false,Write F on the ANSWER SHEET.1.D-structure is formed by the XP rule in accordance with the head’ssubcategorization properties.2.An illocutionary act is the act performed by or resulting from saying something;it is the consequence of the utterance.3.Phonology is the study of the speech sounds and their functions.4.Diglossia refers to the dialect having to do with separation brought about bydifferent social conditions.ponential analysis is a way proposed by the structural semantics to analyzelexical/word meaning.Section B:Identify the author and indicate the genre of each of the following works.6.Dream Children7.The Raven8.The Death of the Salesman9.Shall I compare thee to a Summers day?10.Vanity FairIV.Choose SIX terms from the following and explain them briefly.Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(30%)1.stream of consciousness2.The Aesthetic Movement3.Iceberg Theory4.Naturalism5.Theatre of the Absurd6.Predication analysis7.Neurolinguisticsnguage Acquisition Device(LAD)9.Idiolect10.Draw a tree diagram for the surface structure of“The girl bought the book”.V.Answer the following questions.According to different majors,choose the ones you must do.Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40%)Section A：for linguistics candidates only1.What is Language acquisition in modern linguistics?2.How do you understand Sapir-Whorf hypothesis?3.Explain the term sense and reference by using examples.4.State clearly the term“complementary distribution”in phonemics.Section B:for literature candidates only1.In the short story“A Rose for Emily”,what does the“rose”in the title symbolize?2.What are the main features of Metaphysical poetry?3.Why is Mark Twain acclaimed as“the Father of American National Literature”?4.What is/are the theme(s)of Jonathan Swift’s Gulliver’s Travels?VI.Choose ONE of the following and write your response to it.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.(30%)1.In what basic ways does modern linguistics differ from traditional grammar?2.Analyze the following poem as to its theme,poetic form,and rhetorical devices,and develop it into an essay of200words.LondonWilliam Blake(1757-1827)I wander thro’each charter’d street,Near where the charter’d Thames does flow,And mark in every face I meetMarks of weakness,marks of woe.In every cry of every Man,In every Infant’s cry of fear,In every voice,in every ban,The mind-forg’d manacles I hear.How the Chimney-sweeper’s cryEvery black’ring Church appalls;And hapless Soldier’s sighRuns in blood down Palace walls.But most thro’midnight streets I hearHow the youthful Harlot’s curseBlasts the new born Infant’s fear,And blights with plagues the Marriage hearse.。

2011暨南大学翻译硕士汉语写作与百科知识真题

2011暨南大学翻译硕士汉语写作与百科知识真题第一篇：2011暨南大学翻译硕士汉语写作与百科知识真题暨南大学 JINAN UNIVERSITY 2011 年招收攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题学科、专业名称：英语笔译研究方向：各研究方向考试科目名称：汉语写作与百科知识考试科目代码：448 考生注意：所有答案必须写在答题纸（卷）上，写在本试题上一律不给分。

第一部分：百科知识：本题分为单项选择与简要解释两部分（50 分）从四个选项中选择正确的一项（30 小题，每题 1 分，共 30 分）。

（）1.传统上英国媒体的总部都设在这条街道上，它也因此成为英国媒体的代名词，它就是著名的________。

A.舰队街B.唐宁街C.苏格兰场D.百老汇大街（）2.请欣赏古代诗词经典名句：“春蚕到死丝方尽，蜡炬成灰泪始干。

”“两情若是久长时，又岂在朝朝暮暮。

”“欲把西湖比西子，浓装淡抹总相宜。

”“春潮带雨晚来急，野流无人舟自横。

” 以上诗词作者依次为A.李商隐，李白，杜甫，韦应物B.李白，王维，杜牧，刘禹锡C.李商隐，秦观，苏轼，韦应物D.王维，秦观，苏轼，王维（）3.在证券市场交易中，对股票后市看好，先行买进股票，等股价涨至某个价位，卖出股票赚取差价的人称为________。

A.空头B.多头C.庄家D.股票经纪（）4.量子物理学的开创者和奠基人普朗克曾这样评论爱因斯坦的科学成就：“这个原理在物理世界观上所引起的革命，只有哥白尼世界体系的引入才能与之相提并论”,文中的“这个原理”是__________。

A．日心说B．相对论 C．量子假说 D．光电理论（）5.美国著名心理学家罗森塔尔指出，对一个人传递积极的期望，就会使他进步得更快，发展得更好。

反之，向一个人传递消极的期望则会使人自暴自弃，放弃努力，这种体现心理暗示力量的理论被称为“罗森塔尔效应(Robert Rosenthal Effect)”或__________。

A.热岛效应 C.羊群效应（B.皮格马利翁效应 D.蝴蝶效应（）6.“同胞们：不要问你们的国家能为你们做些什么，而要问你们能为国家做些什么。

2011年暨南大学考研真题807阅读与写作硕士学位研究生入学考试试卷

2011年全国硕士研究生统一入学考试自命题试题********************************************************************************************学科与专业名称：中国语言文学考试科目代码与名称：807阅读与写作考生注意：所有答案必须写在答题纸（卷）上，写在本试题上一律不给分。

《阅读与写作》共五题，，任选三题任选三题，，每题50分，共150分，多选不给分。

说明：：《阅读与写作》共五题说明请用你熟悉的古代文学史实加以说明。

（（可宏观可宏观，，可一、如何理解下面这段话？？请用你熟悉的古代文学史实加以说明。

一、如何理解下面这段话亦可据此而自拟题目。

））微观微观，，亦可据此而自拟题目。

王国维《宋元戏曲考·自序》：“凡一代有一代之文学，楚之骚，汉之赋，六代之骈语，唐之诗，宋之词，元之曲，皆所谓一代之文学，而后世莫能继焉者也。

”分析角度不限））并进行分析（（分析角度不限二、请阅读下面这篇短文，，并进行分析二、请阅读下面这篇短文京片子与民族自信心我生在北京西郊大学区里。

长大以后，到美国留学，想要恭维港台来的同学，就说：你国语讲得不坏！他们也很识趣，马上恭维回来：不能和你比呀。

北京乃是文化古都，历朝历代人文荟萃，语音也是所有中国话里最高尚的一种，海外华人佩服之至。

我曾在美国华文报纸上读到一篇华裔教授的大陆游记，说到他遭服务小姐数落的情形：只听得一串京片子，又急又快，字字清楚，就想起了《老残游记》里大明湖上黑妞说书，不禁目瞪口呆，连人家说什么都没有去想——我们北京人的语音就有如此的魅力。

当然，教授愣完了，开始想那些话，就臊得老脸通红。

过去，我们北京的某些小姐(尤其是售票员)在粗话的词汇量方面，确实不亚于门头沟的老矿工——这不要紧，语音还是我们高贵。

但是，这已是昨日黄花。

今天你打开收音机或者电视机，就会听到一串＂嗯嗯啊啊＂的港台腔调。

暨南大学基础英语考研真题参考答案2014-2020

2014年暨南大学241基础英语真题参考答案一、填空题（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）Fill in blanks with appropriate prepositions or adverbs.1. You can’t just dig a hole, plant the tree, and let it go _____ that.【答案】at【解析】let it go at that为固定搭配，意为“就此罢休”。

句意：你不能就挖个洞，把树栽进去然后就不管了。

2. The deer suddenly pricked_______ its ears and leapt to its feet.【答案】up【解析】prick up ears意为“竖起耳朵”。

句意：那只鹿突然竖起耳朵，跳了起来。

3. The total expense added ______ to about 5000 dollars.【答案】up【解析】add up to意为“合计达”。

句意：总花销合计达5000元左右。

4. The mountain air obviously agreed ______me. All my aches and pains were gone.【答案】with【解析】agree with sb意为“适合某人（的健康或者胃口）”。

根据句子后半部分“我所有的疼痛都消失了”可知山顶的空气应该是很适合我的。

5. We’ll set out an hour earlier to allow ______ possible traffic jams.【答案】for【解析】allow for意为“考虑到”。

句意：考虑到交通可能会堵塞，我们会提前一个小时出发。

6. You are not alone, we’ll back you ______.【答案】up【解析】back sb up意为“支持某人”。

暨南大学研究生英语读写译参考答案和参考译文

《研究生英语读写译教程》（第二版）练习参考答案及参考译文（注：第二版只有第六单元为全新单元，其余单元只是有些调整。

）各单元练习答案UNIT ONE STAY HUNGRY. STAY FOOLISH. COMPREHENSION1 He dropped out of Reed College because he did not see the value of it. (The answer to the second part of the question is open.)2 Life was tough –he slept on the floor in friends’ rooms, he returned coke bottles and he walked 7 miles to get one good free meal…3 He cited the example to demonstrate that what he had learned in his calligraphy class worked when designing the first Macintosh computer.4 Jobs’ first story tells that the dots will somehow connect in your future. (What you have learned/experienced might help in your future career.)5 He was publicly out. (The company that he and Woz established dismissed him.) The fact that he still loved what he did made him start over again.6 He has learned a good lesson from his failure.7 Do the things we love to do.8 Open.9 Open.10 Open. (We should always want more, never be content and when we want to do something that others say is foolish, do it anyway.)VOCABULARY AND STRUCTUREA1 naively2 curiosity3 combination4 let down5 vision6 baton7 creative8 mirror9 trap 10 inventionB1 drowned out2 tuition3 Commencement4 deposit5 typography6 make way for7 animation8 intuition9 destination 10 divergeC1 follow: orders, rules, advice, fads, an ideal, one’s instinct2 trust in: honesty, the Lord, power, intuition, sixth sense3 wear out, fade out, put out, make out, get out, break out4 play writer/playwright, speedwriter, blog writer, letter writer, editorial writer5 habitual, textual, accentual, sexual, spiritual, conceptual6 shocking, stunning, eye-catching, astonishing, striking, dazzling SPEAKING: Open.TRANSLATIONA1热烈的鼓掌2波涛汹涌的海面3熟睡4烟瘾大的人5油腻而难消化的食物6烈酒7悲痛的消息8沉闷冗长的读物9〈化〉重水10他在一家法国银行拥有外国人账户。

2011年暨南大学翻译硕士真题--翻译硕士英语

大家论坛翻译硕士版块
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大家论坛翻译硕士版块 A. accomplished C. while accomplished 21. My husband suggested favored Hawaii. A. going; to visit C. to go; visiting 22.
大家论坛翻译硕士版块
/forum-1336-1.html
大家论坛翻译硕士版块 /forum-1336-1.html 9. I'll appreciate your effort to promote the sale in your market on commission basis. A. atrocious B. strenuous C. effusive D. evocative 10. Although they plant trees in this area year in and year out, the tops of some hills are still . A. bare B. vacant C. blank D. hollow 11. The price of beer from 50 cents to $4 per liter during the summer season. A. wandered B. covered C. overwhelmed D. ranged 12. The present leaders have to decide whether to stand down and to a younger generation. A. hand out B. hand in C. hand over D. hand down 13. She's completely homeless; at least I have my parents to . A. fall behind with B. fall in with C. fall down on D. fall back on 14. If you someone or something, you like them, especially after knowing them or thinking about them for only a short time. A. take after B. take to C. take in D. take for 15. The students new proposals on the running of the college to the College Education Committee. A. put forward B. put through C. put forth D. put out 16. He is a skilled worker from his job in Ford Company. A. laid down B. laid out C. laid off D. laid aside 17. The judge wouldn't have him so easily if it hadn't been a first offence. A. got…through B. got…back C. got…off D. got…in 18. In no country Britain, it has been said, can one experience four seasons in the course of a single day. A. other than B. more than C. rather than D. better than 19. I hope all the precautions against air pollution, suggested by the local government, will be seriously considered here. A. which B. as C. what D. whereas 20. The project, by the end of 2020, will expand the city’s telephone network to cover10 million users.

暨南大学考研历年真题之英语翻译基础2011--2013年考研真题

Section B Chinese to English (15 points)
1.保单号
2.财产保险
3.拆迁补偿费
4.孔子学院
5.发改委
6.国民生产总值
7.《反分裂国家法》
8.灰色收入
9.六方会谈
10.内幕交易
11.《飘》
12.亲子鉴定
13.“一条龙”服务
14.证监会
15.中国移动
II. Passage Translation (120 points)
Section A English to Chinese (60 points)
Intelligent life on a planet comes of age when it first works out the reason for its own existence. If superior creatures from space ever visit earth, the first question they will ask, in order to assess the level of our civilization, is: “Have they discovered evolution yet?” Living organisms had existed on earth, without ever knowing why, for over three thousand million years before the truth finally dawned on one of them. His name was Charles Darwin. To be fair, others had had inklings of the truth, but it was Darwin who first put together a coherent and tenable account of why we exist.Darwinmade it possible for us to give a sensible answer to the curious child whose question heads this chapter. We no longer have to resort to superstition when faced with the deep problems: Is there a meaning to life? What are we for? What is man? After posing the last of these questions, the eminent zoologist G. G. Simpson put it thus: “The point I want to make now is that all attempts to answer that question before 1859 are worthless and that we will be better off if we ignore them completely.”

[考研类试卷]2011年中山大学英语专业（语言学）真题试卷.doc

[考研类试卷]2011年中山大学英语专业（语言学）真题试卷.doc[考研类试卷]2011年中山大学英语专业（语言学）真题试卷一、音标题1 Transcribe the following words into IPA symbols, with stress marking where necessary.(10 points)Example: find—/faind/, beneath—/bi'ni:θ/corpora2 sociologist3 chef4 debris5 nasal6 embedding7 antonymy8 facial9 annotated10 phonetics二、填空题11 Lyons predicted in the seventies by pointing out that linguistics is______, rather than speculative or intuitive; it operates with publicly variable date obtained by means of observation or experiment.12 Phonetic similarity means that the______of a phoneme must bear some phonetic resemblance.13 Words can be classified into variable words and invariable words. As for variable words, they may have ______ changes. That is, the same word may have different grammatical forms but part of the word remains relatively constant.14 In their book ______ written in 1923,C. K. Ogden and I.A.Richards presented a " representative list of the main definitions which reputable students of meaning have favoured. " There are 16 major categories of them, with sub-categories all together, numbering 22.15 Hyponymy is a matter of class membership. The upper term in this sense relation, i. e. the class name, is called ______, and the lower terms, the members, Hyponyms.16 Charles Darwin, the founder of Evolution Theory, was one of the first keeping the diary of his son's ______.17 And the Firthian tradition in this respect was further developed by the founder of systemic-functional linguistics, M.A.K. Halliday, whose contributions to sociolinguistics could be better seen from his understanding of language from a socially ______ or interactional perspective, his functional interpretation of grammar as a resource for meaning potential, and his linguistic model in the study of literature.18 For some reasons, much of the research on writing has concentrated on the preparation and revision processes rather than on the sentence generation and lexical access processes that have been the focus of______language production.19 As Carter and Simpson(1989)observed that "if the 1960s was a decade of formalism in stylistics, the 1970s a decade of functionalism, and the 1980s a decadeof______stylistics. "20 As a compromise between the "purely form-focused approaches" and the "purely meaning-focused" approaches, a recent movement called ______ seems to take a more balanced view on the role of grammar in language learning.21 While Firth inherited the tradition by taking up some of______'s and Malinowski's views, he developed their theoriesand put forward his own original points of view.22 Mood is made up of two parts: the "Subject" and the "______" element.23 In spite of the dominant influences of Transformational Generative Grammar in the American linguistic scholarship, it has been challenged by a number of rebels, among whom, are Fillmore with his ______and other with Generative Semantics.24 The idea of______was first developed by Roman Jacobson(1896 - 1982)in the 1940s as a means of working out a set of phonological contrasts or oppositions to capture particular aspects of language sounds.25 Tone refers to the pitch on a syllable of a word. When pitch is related to a sentence, it is called ______.三、名词解释26 Logical subject27 Sentence28 Performatives29 Orientational metaphor30 SPEAKING31 Free indirect thought32 Blog33 Applied linguistics34 Mental processes35 Error analysis四、举例说明题36 Phoneme is the smallest meaningful unit of sound and morpheme is the smallest meaningful unit in grammar.37 In Chinese tone changes are used in the way that affects the meanings of individual words.38 Endocentric construction is one whose distribution isfunctionally equivalent to that of one or more of its constituents, i. e. , a word or a group of words, which serve as a definable centre or head.五、简答题39 What are the similarities and differences between a phrase and a clause?40 What are the characteristics of Grice's "conversational implicature" ?41 What does Halliday's Systemic Grammar aim to do?。

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2. If I were a dead leaf thou mightest bear; / If I were a swift cloud to fly with thee; / A wave to pant beneath thy power,and share / The impulse of thy strength, only less free / Than thou, O Uncontrollable!
3. Oh sir, she smiled, no doubt, / Whene’er I passed her; but who passed without / Much the same smile?This grew：I gave commands；/Then all smiles stopped altogether.
1.Crafty men condemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them, for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them,for they teach not their own use; but that is a without them, and above them, won by observation.
10.Hemingway’s stature as a writer was confirmed with the publication of his novel _________
in 1929, which portrayed a farewell both to war and to love.
3.The typical feature of Robert Browning's poetry is the ____________________.
4.The Graveyard Poets were a number of pre-RomanticEnglishpoets of the 18th century characterized by their gloomy meditations on mortality in the context of the graveyard. A contemplative and mellow mood is achieved in the celebrated opening verse of Gray's _____________________.
7.____________________’s “The Raven” is a dark reflection on lost love, death, and loss of hope.
8.Nathaniel Hawthorne’sScarlet Letteris a story about a woman named _________________ living in seventeenth - centuryBoston, then a puritan settlement.
考生注意：所有答案必须写在答题纸（卷）上，写在本试题上一律不给分。
SECTION A
Ⅰ.Fill the blanks with proper answers（10%）
1.The English sonnet, also known as ________________________sonnet,usually has a regular rhyme scheme a-b-a-b, c-d-c-d, e-f-e-f, g-g.
A. Jacob GrimmB. Bronislaw Malinowski
C. Leonard BloomfieldD. Sir William Jones
6. One of the properties of language is that a language user can understand and produce sentences he/she has never heard before. This property of language is called ________.
5.To go into solitude, a man needs to retire as much from his chamber as from society.I am not solitary whilst I read and write, though nobody is with me. But if a man would be alone, let him look at the stars. The rays that come from those heavenly worlds, will separate between him and vulgar things.
5.As one of the great innovators of the modern novel, Virginia Woolf developed the technique of __________________________ in her writing, which focuses on the complex lives of characters’ inner minds instead of outward actions.
4. Transcendentalism
Ⅲ. Identify the following quotations by giving（1）the title of the work; (2) the name
of its author, and (3) explain briefly the implications of the underlined parts.（20%）
2.It was in 1798, with the publication of William Wordsworth’s ___________, in collaboration with S.T. Coleridge, that romanticism began to bloom and found a firm place in the history of English literature.
A. duality B. productivity C. displacement D. arbitrariness
6.It was ___________________ , as the primary author who wrote “the Declaration of Independence”, together with other four men including Benjamin Franklin.
Ⅳ. Writing: Choose one of the following pair and write a comparative essay of no less than 200 words (25%):
1.Charles Dickens and Thomas Hardy
2. The Lost Generation & The Beat Generation
A. Quantity Maxim B. Quality Maxim C. Relation Maxim D. Manner Maxim
4. As modern linguistics aims to describe and analyze the language people actually use, and not to lay down rules for "correct" linguistic behavior, it is said to be ___________.
1. Which of the following sounds does not belong to the allomorphs of the English simple past morpheme?
A. [d] B. [t] C. [it] D. [id]
2. When -ion in 'television' is removed to get a verb 'televise', we call this way of creating words ________.
A. suffixationB. back-formation
C. blendingD. acronymy
3. In the following conversation:
-Beirutis inPeru, isn't it?
- AndRomeis inRomania, I suppose.
The second person violates the ______________ of the Cooperativee ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10%)
4. He smiled understandingly—much more than understandingly. ……Precisely at that point it vanished—and I was looking at an elegant young roughneck, a year or two over thirty, whose elaborate formality of speech just missed being absurd.Some time before he introduced himself I’d got a strong impression that he was picking his words with care.