计算机专业英语大全上课讲义
计算机专业英语课件Unit03
பைடு நூலகம் 1.1 Section A: Web Apps and Mobile Apps
• V. Translate the following passage into Chinese
• How Should Schools Deal with Internet Plagiarism?
• Teachers have several tools to catch plagiarists, including a variety of Internet-based services, such as Turnitin, that compare suspected papers to papers found on the Internet and produce an originality report highlighting text that may have been copied. Some instructors, however, are reluctant to investigate the integrity of a students work and possibly ruin an academic career.
1.1 Section A: Web Apps and Mobile Apps
• Notes
• [3] App Store是iTunes Store 中的一部分，是 iPhone、iPod Touch、iPad以及Mac的服务软件 ，允许用户从iTunes Store或Mac App Store浏览 和下载一些为iPhone SDK或Mac开发的应用程序 。
1.2 Section B: Cloud Software
• Words
计算机专业英语课件E1Unit11
1.1 Section A: How Software Engineering Works
3. Which of the following statements is wrong about the techniques in software engineering? A. Techniques are needed to control the complexity of the large software systems B. Techniques are the essence of software engineering C. Techniques are now widely used in software engineering D. New technologies bring new challenges to software engineers continually
• ______4. An alternative name for a bar chart • ______5. An approach to program testing where the tests are based on
计算机专业英语课件E1Unit07
• ___2. Each data package must take the same path over the network while traveling from the sending computer to the receiving computer.
______4. A networking standard for very short-range wireless connections; the devices are automatically connected once they get within the allowable range
______5. A network in which there are multiple connections between the devices on the network so that messages can take any of several possible paths
1.1 Section A: OSI Reference Model: The Driving Force behind Network Communications
• Today there are actually several versions of Ethernet, reflecting advances in technology and higher transfer rates. All, however, share common traits that characterize the Ethernet family. Among these are the format in which data are packaged for transmission, the use of Manchester encoding (a method of representing 0s and 1s in which a 0 is represented by a descending signal and a 1 is represented by an ascending signal) for the actual transmission of bits, and the use of CSMA/CD for controlling the right to transmit.
计算机专业英语10PPT教学课件
1. nonvolatile storage system 非易失性存储系统 2. equipment malfunction 设备故障 3. wound-wait protocol 受伤―等待协议 4. exclusive lock 排它锁，互斥（型）锁 5. database integrity 数据库完整性 6. 共享锁 shared lock 7. 数据库实现 database implementation 8. 级联回滚 cascading rollback 9. 数据项 data item 10. 分时操作系统 time-sharing operating system
翻译：。个人通信，如两个人之间的电话对话或传真信息， 通常涉及点对点的传输。
4.brocadcast vt. 广播 n.广播，播音
5.programming n. 节目的播送，编程
Point-to-multipoint telecommunications, often called broadcasts, provide the basis for commercial radio and television programming 翻译：通常称为广播的点对多点电信传输，为商业无线电 和电视节目播送提供了基础。
unit 6 Compuiter Communications ——Telecommunications and Computer
一 new words: 1. entertainment n.娱乐,
Telecommunications provides the key medium for news, data, information, and entertainment.
翻译:没有导线的电信，通常称为无线通信，使用无绳电 话、蜂窝式无线电话、步话机、民用波段无线电台、寻呼 机和卫星等技术。无线通信提高了机动性和灵活性。
《计算机专业英语》课件
2 常见的编程语言介绍
介绍常见的编程语言，如C、Java、Python等的特点和应用场景。
3 编程语言的发展趋势
介绍编程语言的发展趋势，如人工智能、云计算、大数据等领域的编程语言需求。
软件工程
软件工程的定义和目标
介绍软件工程的定义、目标和 方法，如需求分析、设计、编 码、测试、维护等阶段。
操作系统的层级结构
介绍操作系统的层级结构，如内核、文件系统、进程管理等，并阐述它们之间的关系。
计算机网络
计算机网络的概念和分 类
介绍计算机网络的概念、分 类、组成和作用。
计算机网络的拓扑结构
介绍计算机网络的拓扑结构， 如星型、环型、总线型等， 并分析它们的优缺点。
网络协议和标准
介绍网络协议和标准，如 TCP/IP、HTTP、FTP等， 并重点讲解他们的实现机制 和应用场景。
分析未来计算机专业面临的挑战和机遇，展望 未来计算机技术的发展趋势。
介绍内存、硬盘等存储器的种类 和使用方法。
输入设备和输出设备的分类
介绍键盘、鼠标、打印机等输入 输出设备的分类、特点，以及各 种接口。
操作系统
操作系统的概念和作用
介绍操作系统的定义、作用以及各种操作系统的特点与应用场景。
常见的操作系统介绍
介绍常见的操作系统，如Windows、Linux、iOS等的特点与应用场景。
软件开发的过程和方法
介绍软件开发的过程，如瀑布 模型、敏捷开发、DevOps等， 并重点讲解它们的优缺点和应 用场景。
软件测试和维护
介绍软件测试和维护的方法和 工具，如黑盒测试、白盒测试、 自动化测试、代码重构等信息安全的定义、作用和意义，以及信息安全的保障措施与体系。
《计算机专业英语》谢希仁第二版-第5章讲义PPT课件
Computer English
Chapter 5 Operating System
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Key points: Function and structure of
entrust v.委托
criteria n.标准
constraint n.约束, 强制, 局促 partition vt.分区
apriori 预先,事前
perceive v.感知, 感到, 认识到
suboptimal adj.未达最佳标准的
preemption n.抢占
sequential adj. 顺序的,串行的 concurrent adj.并发的, 并行的
在资源分区方式中，操作系统预先决定把哪些资源分配给某个 用户计算使用，这种方法也称为静态分配，因为分配是在程序 执行前进行的。静态资源分配易于实现，但由于它不是从程序 的实际需要出发，而是根据程序预先提出的需求来做决定，所 以容易导致系统利用率下降。
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5.1.1 Resource allocation and related functions
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5.1.1 Resource allocation and related functions
In the partitioned resource allocation approach, the OS decides on the resources to be allocated to a program based on the number of resources and the number of programs in the system. For example, an OS may decide that a program can be allocated 1 MB of memory, 2000 disk blocks and a monitor. Such a collection of resources is referred to as a partition. In effect, a set of partitions can be predefined in the system. The resource table can have an entry for each resource partition. When a new program is to be started, an available partition is allocated to it.
计算机专业英语全套教案
计算机专业英语全套教案第一课：计算机基础词汇教学目标：1. 学生能够掌握计算机专业的基本英语词汇。
2. 学生能够运用这些词汇进行简单的英语交流。
教学内容：1. 计算机硬件词汇：CPU, RAM, HDD, SSD, Motherboard, Graphics Card, etc.2. 计算机软件词汇：Operating System, Application Software, Utility Software, etc.3. 计算机网络词汇：Internet, Network, Router, Switch, IP Address, etc.教学步骤：1. 导入：通过展示计算机硬件和软件的图片，引导学生猜测其英文名称。
2. 新课内容讲解：详细讲解每个词汇的含义、用法，并给出示例句子。
3. 练习：分组进行角色扮演，运用所学词汇进行对话练习。
作业：1. 抄写本节课所学词汇，并用每个词汇造一个句子。
2. 搜集计算机专业英语词汇，扩充自己的词汇库。
第二课：计算机编程英语教学目标：1. 学生能够理解计算机编程的基本英语术语。
2. 学生能够阅读简单的计算机编程英文资料。
教学内容：1. 编程基础词汇：Variable, Function, Loop, Condition, Array, etc.2. 编程语言名称：C++, Java, Python, JavaScript, etc.3. 编程语句：If, Else, While, For, Switch, etc.教学步骤：1. 导入：简要介绍计算机编程的重要性，引发学生学习兴趣。
2. 新课内容讲解：讲解编程英语词汇和语句，结合实际编程案例进行分析。
3. 练习：分组讨论，用英语描述一个简单的编程问题及解决方案。
作业：1. 抄写本节课所学编程英语词汇，并用每个词汇造一个句子。
第三课：计算机网络英语教学目标：1. 学生能够理解计算机网络的基本概念和英语表达。
2. 学生能够描述计算机网络的结构和功能。
计算机专业英语第2版课件
2020/5/8
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RS flip-flop
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Shift registers
A register capable of shifting its binary information in one or both directions is called a shift register.
The simplest possible shift register is one that uses only flip-flops.
The output of a given flip-flop is connected to the D input of the flip-flop at its right. The clock is common to all flip-flops. The serial input determines what goes into the leftmost position during the shift. The serial output is taken from the output of the rightmost flip-flop.
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4-bit shift register
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The capabilities of shift register
▪ An input for clock pulses to synchronize all operations.
▪ A shift-right operation and a serial input line associated with the shift-right.
计算机专业英语课件Unit01
1.2 Section B: The Internet of Things
• Words
• bidding[ˈbidiŋ] n. 吩咐，投标 • brew[bruː] v. 煮(咖啡)，酿制(啤酒)，沏(茶) • gadget[ˈgædʒit] n. 小装置，小器具 • downtime[ˈdauntaim] n. 停止运行时间 • crumble[ˈkrʌmbl] v. 坍塌，损坏 • impending[imˈpendiŋ] adj. 即将发生的，迫在眉
1. Public cloud is a cloud environment in which all cloud infrastructure and computing resources are dedicated to, and accessible by, one customer only. 2. The private cloud provider owns, manages, and assumes all responsibility for the data centers, hardware, and infrastructure 3. Multicloud is the use of two or more public clouds together with a private cloud environment. 4. Hybrid cloud is a combination of public and private cloud environments. 5. SaaS is application software that's hosted in the cloud and that you access and use via a Web browser, a dedicated desktop client, or an API that integrates with your desktop or mobile operating system.
《计算机专业英语》电子教程讲义资料
计算机专业英语
1-5
Chapter 1 The History and Future of Computers
4. 了解科技英语的特点，掌握科技英语翻译要点
计算机专业英语
1-3
Chapter 1 The History and Future of Computers
Chapter 1 The History and Future of Computers
1.1 The Invention of the Computer
1.1 The Invention of the Computer
1.1.1 The ENIAC
While working on the ENIAC, Eckert and Mauchly were joined by a brilliant mathematician, John von Neuman. Together, they developed the idea of a stored program computer. This machine, called the Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer, or EDVAC, was the first machine whose design included all the characteristics of a computer. It was not completed, however, until 1951.
教学课件：《计算机专业英语》
Text C A Brief Introduction to PC
A PC is a general purpose tool built around a microprocessor. It has lots of different parts — memory, a hard disk, a modem, etc. — that work together. “General purpose” means that you can do many different things with a PC. You can use it to type documents, send E-mail, browse the Web and play games.
Notes to the Text
计算机是一种能够高速、自动地进行算 术和逻辑运算.Take the speed of calculation for instance, ENIAC could only make calculations 5,000 times per second; but today, the fastest computer can do 100,000,000,000 times. 就运算速度而言，ENIAC每秒仅能完成 5,000次运算；而如今最快的计算机，其 速度可达每秒钟运算千亿次。
Notes to the Text
随着科学技术的发展，涌现的信息量与 日俱增，这些信息除了数值型数据外，还 有大量的非数值型数据。
Notes to the Text
4. Especially in recent years, with the development of the database and computer network technique, computer users in different districts and countries can share many valuable information resources through the network.
《计算机专业英语》课件
These are clauses that modify a verb, advisory, or advisory by providing additional information about it. They are introduced by sub coordinating connections (after, because, if, etc.) or related proposals
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02
03
Detailed description
Website: Website
Domain: Domain name
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Email: Email
01
IP Address: IP address
02
Protocol: Protocol
URL: Uniform Resource Locator
Inverted presence patterns
These patterns involve reversing the normal order of the subject and verb They can create a more formal or attention grabbing effect and are often used in technical writing to emphasize important information or to adapt to a specific formatting style
03
Function: Function
Class:
Loop: Loop
PART
03
Grammar and Sentence Patterns in Computer Professional English
计算机专业英语基础知识讲课资料
电子工业出版社
作者：金志权
2008年11月
2020/7/7
计算机专业英语
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计算机专业英语基础知识
❖专业英语的特点 ❖计算机专业词汇的构词法分析 ❖计算机专业资料的阅读与翻译 ❖专业英语中的常用语法知识
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计算机专业英语
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1.1 计算机专业英语的特点
科技文体是自然科学和技术人员从事专业 活动时使用的一种文体，如科学著作、学 术论文、实验报告、设计报告、科技产品 说明书、科技产品操作指导等都属于科技 文体。科技文体讲究逻辑的条理清楚和叙 述的准确严密，与其它文体有显著的区别。
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计算机专业英语
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有短划线“-”连接的合成 词
file + based → file-based 基于文件的 Windows + based → Windows-based 以Windows为基础的 object +oriented → object-oriented 面向对象的 thread + oriented → thread-oriented 面向线程的 point + to + point → point-to-point 点到点 plug + and + play → plug-and-play 即插即用 pear + to + pear → pear-to-pear 对等的 front + user → front-user 前端用户 line + by + line → line-by-line 逐行
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计算机专业英语大全absence 缺席access 访问存取通路进入achieve 实现完成acquire 获得adjacency list method 邻接表表示法adjacency matrix method 邻接矩阵表示法algorithm 算法allocate 留下分配 [h2][/h2]analog 推论append 添加archive 档案归档array 数组assign 分配assume 假设assurance 确信信任ATM(asynchronous transfer mode) 异步传输模式b.. real programs kernels 实程序核心程序b.. toy benchmark synthetic benchmark 简单基准程序复合基准程序balance 平衡bandwidth 带宽batch 一批一组benchmark 基准测试程序best-fit algorithm 最佳适应算法BFS(breadth first search) 广度优先搜索法binary 二进制binary relation 二元关系binary tree 二叉树bit series 比特序列black-box white-box 黑盒白盒block miss 块失效blocked 阻塞(等待状态也称阻塞或封锁状态) boundary 界线分界bridge 网桥bubble sort 冒泡排序calculation 计算candidate key 候选键(辅键)capability 能力才能capacity 容量cartesian product 笛卡尔积CASE(com.. aided sof.. engineering) 计算机辅助软件工程CCP(communication control processor) 通信控制处理机cell 信元characteristic 特征特性circuit switching 线路交换circular wait 循环等待CISC(complex instruction set computer) 复杂指令集计算机class 类Client/Server 客户机/服务器clock cycle clock rate 时钟周期时钟频率coaxial cable 同轴电缆cohesion coupling 内聚耦合coincidental logical procedural functional 偶然内聚逻辑内聚过程内聚功能内聚combination 联合配合common 公用的共同的communication 通信complement number 补码component 成分concept 概念观念condition 情况状况conform 符合consist 组成存在constrain 约束contain 包含correspond (corresponding) 相符合(相应的一致的)CPETT 计算机性能评价工具与技术CPI 每条指令需要的周期数CSMA/CD 带冲突检测的载波监听多路访问cursor 游标cyclic redundency check 循环冗余检校database: integrity consistency restory 完整性一致性可恢复性database: security efficiency 数据库设计的目标: 安全性效率deadlock: mutual exclusion 死锁条件: 互斥deadlock: circular wait no preemption 死锁条件: 循环等待无优先权decimal 十进位的decision 决定判断decomposition 双重的混合的decrease 减少definition 定义definition phase 定义阶段demonstrate 证明design phase 设计阶段determine 限定development phase 开发阶段DFS(depth first search) 深度优先搜索法diagram 图表Difference Manchester 差分曼彻斯特directed graph undirected graph 有向图无向图distinguish 辩认区别distributed system 分布式系统divide division 分开除除法divide union intersection difference 除并交差document 文件文档DQDB(distributed queue dual bus) 分布队列双总线draw 绘制dual 二元的双的dynamic design process 动态定义过程element 元素要素elevator (scan) algorithm 电梯算法又称扫描算法encapsulation inheritance 封装(压缩) 继承(遗传) encode 译成密码entity 实体entity integrity rule 实体完整性规则equal 相等的equation 方程式等式estimate 估计判断Ethernet 以太网evolution 发展演化exceed 超过exchange sort 交换排序exclusive locks 排它锁(简记为X 锁)execute 实现执行exhibit 表现展示陈列existence 存在发生expertise 专门技术external(internal) fragmentation 外(内)碎片fault page fault 中断过错页中断FDDI(fiber distributed data interface) 光纤分布式数据接口FDM(frequency division multiplexing 频分多路复用fiber optic cable 光缆FIFO replacement policy 先进先出替换算法figure 数字图形final 最后的最终的first normal form 第一范式floppy 活动盘片(软盘)foreign key domain tuple 外来键值域元组form 形状形式formula 公式表达式foundation 基础根据基金frame page frame 帧结构页结构frequency 频率FTP 文件传送服务function 函数functionally dependent 函数依赖gateway 网间连接器gather 聚集采集推测general-purose registers 通用寄存器generate 产生grade 等级标准graph (graphic) 图Gropher 将用户的请求自动转换成FTPguarantee 保证确定hash table hash function collision 哈希表哈希函数(散列函数) 碰撞HDLC 面向比特型数据链路层协议hit rate 命中率host 主计算机host language statement 主语言语句hypertext 超级文本illustrate 举例说明independent 独立的index 索引indirect 间接的influence 有影响的initially 最初开头insertion sort 插入排序instruction format 指令格式instruction set 指令集interface 接口分界面连接体internal 内部的内在的interrupt 中断IPC 工业过程控制ISAM VSAM 索引顺序存取方法虚拟存储存取方法join natural join semijoin 连接自然连接半连接judgment 判断kernel executive supervisor user 核心执行管理用户kernels 核心程序key comparison 键(码)值比较LAN(local area network) 局域网load 负载载入logical functional 逻辑内聚功能内聚longitudinal 水平的loop 圈环状maintain 维护保养供给maintanence phase 维护(保养)阶段MAN(metropclitan area network) 城域网Manchester 曼彻斯特map 地图映射图matrix 矩阵点阵memory reference 存储器参量message switching 报文交换method 方法技巧MFLOP(million floating point operate p s 每秒百万次浮点运算minimum 最小的MIPS(millions of instructions per second 每秒百万条指令module 单位基准monitor (model benchmark physcal) method 监视(模型基准物理)法multilevel data flow chart 分层数据流图multiple 复合的多样的multiple-term formula 多项式multiplexing 多路复用技术multiplication 乘法mutual exclusion 互相排斥non-key attributes 非码属性null 零空Nyquist 奈奎斯特object oriented 对象趋向的使适应的object oriented analysis 面向对象的分析object oriented databases 面向对象数据库object oriented design 面向对象的设计object oriented implementation 面向对象的实现obtain 获得occupy 占有居住于occurrence 事件odd 奇数的one-dimensional array 一维数组OODB(object oriented data base) 面向对象数据库OOM(object oriented method) 面向对象的方法oom: information object message class 信息对象消息类oom: instance method message passing 实例方法消息传递open system 开放系统operand 操作数optimized 尽量充分利用optional 任选的非强制的organize 组织overflow 溢出overlapping register windows 重叠寄存器窗口packet switching 报文分组交换page fault 页面失效page replacement algorithm 页替换算法paged segments 段页式管理PCB(process control block) 进程控制块peer entites 对等实体perform 表演执行period 时期周期permit 许可准许phase 阶段局面状态physical data link network layer 物理层数据链路层网络层pipeline 管道platter track cluster 面磁道簇predicate 谓语preemption 有优先权的prefix (Polish form) 前缀(波兰表达式)preorder inorder postorder 前序中序后序presentation application layer 表示层应用层primary key attributes 主码属性principle 原则方法procedural coincidental 过程内聚偶然内聚process 过程加工处理proficient 精通program debugging 程序排错projection selection join 投影选择连接proposition 主张建议陈述protocal 协议prototype 原型样板prototyping method (model) 原型化周期(模型) pseudo-code 伪码(又称程序设计语言PDL) punctuation 标点purpose 目的意图quality 质量品质queue 队列ready blocked running 就绪阻塞(等待) 运行real page number 实页数real programs 实程序redirected 重定向redundency 冗余reference integrity rule 引用完整性规则referred to as 把.....当作regarde 关于register(registry) 寄存器登记注册挂号regularly 定期的常规的relation 关系relay 中继reliability 可信赖的repeater 中继器replacement 替换represent 代表象征request indication response confirm 请求指示响应确认resource 资源respon 回答响应RISC(reduced instruction set computer) 精简指令集计算机robustness 健壮性router 路由器scheme 计划图表sector head cylinder 扇区磁头柱面selection sort 选择排序semaphores 信号sequence 序列顺序Shanon 香农share locks 共享锁(简记为S 锁)short path critical path 最短路径关键路径signal 信号signal-to-noise ratio 信噪比B/Nsimilar 相似的SISD SIMD MISD MIMD * 指令流* 数据流SMDS 交换多兆位数据服务software development phase 软件开发阶段software engineering 软件工程software portability 软件可移植性software requirements specification 软件需求说明书solve 解决sort 种类方式分类排序spanning tree 跨越树(生成树)specify 指定说明speedup 加速比SSTF(shortest-seek-time-first) 最短寻道时间优先(磁盘调度算法) stack strategy non-stack strategy 堆栈型非堆栈型starvation 饥饿匮乏statement 陈述storage 贮藏库store procdures 存储过程strategy 战略兵法计划strict 严密的styles 文体风格subgroup 循环的subset 子集子设备superclass subclass abstract class 超类子类抽象类suppose 假定symbolic 象征的符号的synthetic benchmark 复合基准程序system testing 系统测试Systolic 脉动阵列table 表表格桌子TDM(time division multiplexing) 时分多路复用technology 工艺技术terminal 终端testing phase 测试阶段theta select project theta join θ选择投影θ连接time complexity 时间复杂度timestamping 时标技术Token Bus 令牌总线Token Ring 令牌环toy benchmark 简单基准程序transaction 事务记录transmite 传送transport layer session layer 传输层会话层traversal method 遍历方法triggers store procedures 触发器存储过程(ORACLE 系统)underflow 下溢unique 唯一的unit system acceptance testing 单元测试系统测试确认测试universe 宇宙全世界update 更新value [数]值variable 变量vertical 垂直的vertice edge 顶点(结点) 边via 经过virtual memory system 虚拟存储系统WAN(wide area network) 广域网waterfall model 瀑布模型white noise 白噪声write-back(copy-back) 写回法write-through(store-through) 写直达法WWW(world wide web) 万维网。