英语商标翻译论文商标翻译论文

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浅析英文商标翻译原则及方法论文范本

浅析英文商标翻译原则及方法论文范本

毕业设计(论文)设计(论文)题目:浅析英文商标的翻译原则和方法系部:专业班级:学生姓名:指导老师:系主任:评阅人:二○○九年六月应用外语系2009届毕业论文开题报告说明:开题报告作为毕业设计(论文)评审答辩委员会对学生参与毕业设计(论文)评审答辩资格审查的依据材料之一,此报告应在指导老师指导下由学生填写,将作为毕业设计(论文)成绩考查的重要依据,经指导老师签署意见及教研室审查后生效。

浅析英文商标的翻译原则与方法商务英语*****班 **摘要:在经济全球化的格局下,商标对产品的影响力也愈来愈大。

本文根据商标的翻译原则提供一些商标的翻译方法。

关键词:英文商标翻译原则方法Translation principle and method of English Trademark Name Abstract:Under the situation of economic globalization, trademark is more and moreimportant in business area. This paper will show the translation method as per thetranslation principle.Key Words:English trademark, Translation principle, Translation method前言随着我国市场经济的飞速发展,经济全球化的日益增长。

在国内,为了开阔市场,越来越多的商家把目标瞄准了国外市场。

同时,国外的众多国际品牌,也不约而同的向中国市场靠拢。

自然,商品名称的翻译在激烈的市场竞争中的重要性就显而易见了。

但是,由于文化、语言的差异,把商标从一种语言,特别是不同的文化转换为另一种语言,为另一种文化理解,并且要能保存其原有的风格,韵味及内涵,就并非一件容易的事情。

因此 ,随着中外产品交流的不断深入 ,商品商标的翻译问题不可避免地出现了。

商标的英汉翻译研究

商标的英汉翻译研究

商标的英汉翻译研究Introduction商标是企业或个人的经济利益和社会形象的象征。

在中国,人们一般将商标翻译为“商标”或“商号”,但在英语中,商标的翻译有很多种,包括trademark、brand、logo、symbol等等。

商标是文化、法律、经济等多方面的交融,因此在翻译商标时需要充分考虑各种因素,避免产生不必要的误解和错误。

商标的分类在翻译商标时,首先需要了解商标的不同分类,因为不同的商标翻译可能存在差异。

按照商标的功能可以将其分为区分商品或服务来源的商标、宣传品牌的商标、科技商标和善意商标等。

而按照商标名称的构成可以将其分为文字商标、图形商标、文字加图形商标、三维商标和声音商标等。

商标的英汉翻译1. TrademarkTrademark是商标的英文翻译之一,是最常用的商标词汇。

它是由trade(贸易)和mark(标记)两个单词组成。

在商标的注册、转让和保护等方面,它均被广泛使用。

与此对应的中文翻译是“商标”。

2. BrandBrand是指品牌,是商业活动中对一个产品或服务的形象和品质的总称。

它是通过广告、宣传和市场营销等手段来营造的,是商业行为和消费者之间的桥梁。

在商标的翻译中,brand通常被翻译成“品牌”。

3. LogoLogo是商标中的图形标志,用于标识产品、公司或服务。

它往往被设计成具有特定的形状、颜色和样式,以便轻易辨认。

Logo最基本的作用是在企业形象、广告和标识中进行界定,因此在翻译中常常被翻译成“标志”。

4. SymbolSymbol是商标的另一种英文翻译,它的含义与logo有些相似,但更广泛。

Symbol可以是任何一种图形或符号,如字母、数字、图形、颜色或其他特殊的形式。

因此,将symbol翻译成“标记”或“符号”都可以。

商标翻译时需要注意的问题1. 意译与直译商标中有些名称使用了中国特色的词语,如赛虎、招财猫等。

这时,如果直接将其翻译成英文,则可能无法传达其中的文化内涵,因此应该根据词语的本意进行适当的意译。

英语论文-文化差异中的商标翻译

英语论文-文化差异中的商标翻译

文化差异中的商标翻译【Abstract】A brand is shown by a name , a word , a sign , a symbol , a design or a combination of them. It is intended to identify the products or services of one seller or group of sellers and to differentiate them from those of competitors. Brand-naming itself represents a strategically important issue and may determine the success or failure of a product. A good brand name can also save millions of dollars over the product's life because it carries its own meaning, describes the product's advantages, and differentiates the product significantly from its competitors. By reading the brand names , it is easy to tell the products from one to the other and to know the characters of products . For the good brand has the functions of distinguishing, providing information of products and being symbol of credit , the good brand has a good advertisement for the product and help to take in a larger market .With the globalization of world economy, especially with China‟s entry into the World Trade Organization, more and more people in China have realized the importance of good brand names and international brand names in promoting sales and cultivating markets. It is therefore not only necessary but also urgent to study on brand names and the brand translation upgrade to a new level . The main obstacle of brand translation is the different cultures . The cultural differences are represented by the forms of language . Due to the fact that brands are mainly described by language , there are some difficulties in the brand translation . Then , in this paper , apart from some general knowledge about brands, the cultural differences between English and Chinese brands are shown and some mistranslations are given . What is more, in order to avoid the cultural conflicts in translation, some common skills (including Transliteration, Semantic Translation and Trans-semantic Translation) and some creative skills (Effectiveness Translation, Character Translation, Approximation Translation and Elegance Translation ) are provided . And at the end of the paper , some general principles of brand translation are given for a good brand translation . 【Key Words】brands; culture differences ; translation ; skills【摘要】商标是商品和商业服务的标记.它是指商品生产者、经营者、服务提供者为了使自己生产、销售的商品或提供的服务,在市场上与其他商品或服务相区别而使用的一种标记。

中英文商标翻译

中英文商标翻译

中英文商标翻译摘要:随着全球经济的快速发展,国际贸易几乎涉及到了所有领域。

无论如何商标都会成为商品的第一印象展现给国外的消费者。

如何打造一个国际知名品牌,又如何把这个品牌在国际市场上推销出去已经成为中国企业目前面临的重要问题。

本文就商标的文化特征进行了有益的探究。

商标的翻译不仅仅要考虑到原商标的涵义,更要了解译后商标在国外市场上所包涵的韵味。

商标的翻译要回避与译入文化的;中突。

这篇文章对一些国际知名品牌的商标,翻译及文化蕴意进行了深入的探讨。

以期能为我国产品顺利进入国际市场提供一些有益的帮助。

关键词: 商标商标名文化蕴意商标翻译商标词的翻译是一种跨文化交际的过程,需要研究各国之间不同的文化、风俗、审美价值等方方面面。

成功的商标翻译会给厂商带来事半功倍的效果,会带来巨大的效益;反之,失败的商标翻译则会给厂商带来巨大的经济损失。

因此,如何在商标翻译中做到既能传神又能符合他国的风俗文化以吸引更多的消费者则显得尤为重要。

一、商标词的翻译特征与文化翻译商标词的定义:1)“以字、词形式出现的语言符号,具有特定的标志意义和丰富的象征意义,承载着独特的商品信息和文化信息”。

2)“商标语言是指文字商标和组合商标中的所有语言文字信息。

这些文字包括汉字、数字、外国文字、汉语拼音及其编写”。

商标词作为一种专用符号,是一种特殊类型的宣传广告。

一种商品在进入他国市场时,在以质量取胜的前提下,还应当十分重视包装,商标词的翻译以及广告标题句的使用等。

美国广告大师E.S.Lewis提出广告的AIDA原则,认为一个成功的广告告应当具备以下四个特征:Attention(引人注意),Interest(令他人感兴趣),D esire(激起他人的购买欲望),Action(促成他人的购买行动)。

由此可见,商标词的翻译如果能够起到上述广告的作用,那么它对于商品的促销作用是不可小觑的。

但是,由于各个国家所处地理位置、风俗文化、宗教信仰、消费观念的不同,商标词的翻译也应尽可能地发挥想象力和创造力,挖掘出商品与目的语文化上的共同的特征,尽可能向目地语义化贴近以求得他人的共识。

浅论英语商标词的汉语翻译

浅论英语商标词的汉语翻译

浅论英语商标词的汉语翻译在商品流通中,商标是代表商品的符号。

借助商标宣传商品,树立良好的企业形象, 已成为各国挖掘国际市场潜力和促进国际贸易发展的重要途径。

如果把营销比喻成一场战役,那么成功的品牌名称就像一面不倒的军旗。

中华文化与西方文化差异较大,因此外国品牌要打入中国市场,必须慎重考虑其翻译问题。

本文探讨英语商标翻译的特点和原则,以期达到正确、忠实、准确地翻译。

标签:商标翻译商标是英语名词中的特类。

工商企业的字号与品牌,服务单位的名称与标志中的文字部分,都可以归于此类。

作为工业产权的商标,是企业用以区别自己的产品与其他企业的产品的标记。

一个好的商标常常是集体智慧的结晶,并体现于精炼的文字与醒目的图形之中。

它代表着企业的信誉,凝聚了厂商多年苦心经营的成果。

商标的形象好坏与内涵深刻与否,在一定程度上事关品牌的兴衰存亡。

近年来,随着国际贸易的迅猛发展,商标等商业名称特别是英语商业名称大量涌现,这就要求译者尽可能及时贴切地将新译名推出。

商标名称属于专有名词的范畴,它的翻译似乎只是专有名词的翻译问题。

然而实际上往往还要涉及到广告学、市场学、消费心理学与企业文化学等,是企业翻译学中的一部分。

一、英语商标词的特点1.英语商标词大多选用一个单词且通常以全部字母大写的形式出现。

e.g. SANYO, PHILIPS, SHARP, RICOH, LUX, etc.也可象一般的专有名词那样,只将首字母大写,e. g. Kodak, Gillette, etc。

2.常以某些词的首字母组合形成出现。

e. g. ITT (International Telephone and Telegraph Corporation);TCL(Today China Lion);GEC(General Electric Company),etc。

3.以公司的名称作为商标,e. g。

Shell(西方最大的石油公司之一)PHILIPS(菲利浦电器公司)SAMSUNG(三星电子公司)Motorola(摩托罗拉公司)4.连锁专卖店名称和商标一致,e. g. SHATE(沙特)、JEANSWEST(真维斯),SEPT-WOLVES(七匹狼)、GIORDANO(佐丹奴),GREEN APPLE(青苹果),etc。

商标作文英文翻译

商标作文英文翻译

商标作文英文翻译英文:Trademark is an important aspect of business that helps to distinguish a company's products or services from those of its competitors. As a business owner, I understand the value of having a strong trademark that can be easily recognized by customers.A good trademark should be unique, memorable, and easy to pronounce. It should also be able to convey the essence of the company's brand and values. For example, the Nike swoosh is a simple yet powerful trademark that represents the company's commitment to athleticism and performance.Having a strong trademark can also help to build brand loyalty and trust with customers. When people see afamiliar trademark, they are more likely to choose that brand over others. This is why companies invest so much time and money into creating and protecting theirtrademarks.However, it is important to ensure that your trademark does not infringe on the rights of others. Before choosing a trademark, it is important to conduct a thorough search to ensure that it is not already in use by another company. This can help to avoid costly legal battles and damage to your company's reputation.Overall, a strong trademark is essential for any business looking to build a strong brand and establishitself in the marketplace.中文:商标是企业的重要组成部分,有助于将公司的产品或服务与竞争对手区分开来。

浅析英文商标的命名特点与翻译方法

浅析英文商标的命名特点与翻译方法

浅析英文商标的命名特点与翻译方法论文导读:外语商标专门多来自于其公司或产品创始人、神话传奇中的人物和文学作品中的人物。

音意结合法,即对部分商标词汇使用意译,而另一部分商标词采取音译的翻译方法。

关键词:商标,起源,翻译方法一、英文商标的命名(一)、起源1、人名商标外语商标专门多来自于其公司或产品创始人、神话传奇中的人物和文学作品中的人物。

比如:F Pierre Cardin (皮尔.卡丹)时装,是依照该时装的制造者Pierre Cardin 的姓名而定,Walt Disney (沃尔特.迪斯尼)制片公司,是依照公司创始人Walt Disney的姓名而定,奔腾汽车是取自该车的发明人Carl Friedric 中文商标中的李宁,邓亚萍也是如此。

而Nike(体育用品):源自希腊神话中胜利女神的名字,用这位身生双翼、手携橄榄枝的女神名作为体育用品的商标,即寓意迅驰的速度,又表达了对竞赛胜利的美好期望、Milo(梅洛)巧克力,取自古希腊运动健将Milo的名字,Angel(安吉尔)是希腊神话中爱护神的名子。

2、地名商标Santana(桑塔纳)轿车,San Tana原是美国加利福尼亚洲一座山谷的名称;;Avon(雅芳)化妆品,来源于英国大戏剧家莎士比亚故居的一条河流的名字;Longines(浪琴)是瑞士圣依梅尔邻近的一小村庄,弗兰西龙和大卫在此创建了手表制造厂。

Nokia(诺基亚)手机是依照芬兰北部一座名为Nokia 的小镇命名的,最早的诺基亚公司建于此地。

3、一般词商标一般此商标由数字、名词(动物名词和植物名词)、形容词等组成。

555(香烟)、777(韩国指甲刀)Apple(苹果电脑)等。

有些商标词用形容词表示产品的特点质量,例如Giant 本来有庞大的意思,而该商标被翻译为捷安特,比喻其性能快捷而安全,既反映了商品(自行车与电动车)的特点,又迎合了消费者心理。

论文参考。

4、臆造商标词外语商标中专门多词汇差不多上命名人自己制造的,是商标设计者依照其产品特点功能销售等因素,借助某些构词法而够成的合成词,例如Kodak (柯达),读起来专门容易让人想到按动快门的声音,专门好的诠释了相机的产品特点,令宽敞消费者对其产品产生好感,并达到过目不忘的成效。

英语论文-中英文商标的命名与翻译

英语论文-中英文商标的命名与翻译

中英文商标的命名与翻译中文摘要随着商品经济的高度发展和国际贸易的频繁往来,作为商品标志的商标的命名与翻译也就变得越来越重要和富于影响力。

在竞争激烈的市场上,商标即事业,商标关系到企业的形象、信誉、实力等一系列重要因素。

一个成功的商标译名对开拓国际市场、创造企业财富起着不可忽视的作用。

中英文商标作为一种文化现象,广泛地存在于社会生活中,对企业商品的宣传,推销,美化人们的生活,起着重要的作用,特别是,它如同一座桥梁,把东方与西方文化,企业,商品与消费者紧密相连。

本文从中西方文化差异的角度出发,通过对中英文商标实例的分析,概述商标词的来源、特征及其商标词翻译的原则,介绍了几种常用的商标翻译法,并就其中存在的一些问题进行了探讨。

关键词:商标;文化差异;翻译原则;翻译方法AbstractWith the highly developing of commodity economy and international trade, the translation of trademarks becomes increasingly important and influential in the economic life. In a competitive market, the trademark of a product is one of the key factors for a company to achieve success. It determines the image, credit and economic power of a company. A successful trademark plays a noticeable role in developing the international market and creating the enterprise wealth. As one kind of cultural phenomenon, Chinese and English trademarks, which widely exist in social life, plays an important role in the public awareness of the enterprise commodity, the sales promotion, beautifying people's life, and especially, it connects the eastern and the western culture, the enterprise, the commodity and the consumers closely. From the perspective of cultural differences, this article attempts to outline the word origin and the characteristic of trademarks as well as the translation principle, introduce several kinds of trademark translation methods, and meanwhile discusses the phenomenon of cultural error in trademark translation.Key words: trademark; cultural difference; translation principle; translation method一、中英文商标的命名商标作为企业商品的一个重要组成部分,代表商品的符号,并随着商品交流的扩大而声名远扬。

毕业论文商标翻译化妆品功能理论翻译策略

毕业论文商标翻译化妆品功能理论翻译策略

毕业论文商标翻译化妆品功能理论翻译策略商标中文翻译在化妆品功能理论方面的策略主要包括以下几点:
1. 直译法:直接将商标名称按照字面意思进行翻译。

例如,将英文商标"Beauty Glow"直译为中文商标"美丽光辉"。

2. 意译法:根据商标名称所传达的含义或形象进行翻译。

例如,将英文商标"Nature's Secret"意译为中文商标"自然之秘"。

3. 音译法:根据商标名称的发音进行翻译。

例如,将英文商标
"L'oreal"音译为中文商标"欧莱雅"。

4. 组合法:结合直译、意译和音译等多种翻译方式,将商标名称进行组合翻译。

例如,将英文商标"Soft & Smooth"组合翻译为中文商标"柔软细滑"。

在选择适当的翻译策略时,需要考虑以下因素:
1.目标消费群体:根据化妆品功能理论的目标消费群体的文化背景和口味偏好,选择合适的翻译策略。

2.市场竞争力:考虑市场上类似产品的商标翻译情况,尽量选择能够突出产品特点和与竞争对手区分的翻译策略。

3.法律合规性:确保商标翻译符合相关的法律法规和商标注册要求。

总之,在化妆品功能理论方面,选择合适的商标中文翻译策略是重要的,可以提升产品的市场认知度和竞争力。

英语论文-英语商标翻译

英语论文-英语商标翻译

Pierre Cardin (服装)皮尔拉丹Giant(自行车)捷安特Vigor(保健药)Nokia(手机)诺基亚Sumsung(电器)三星Olympus(照相机)奥林巴斯Supor (炉具)Chery(汽车)Aigo (U盘)Metro (商场)Sharp(电器)Pantene(洗发液)潘婷Dove(巧克力)德芙Marlboro(香烟品牌)万宝路Pizza Hut (比萨店)Pentium(英特尔芯片)喷通微处理器, 美国英特尔股份公司相对新产的中央处理单位(计算机用语)HP(电子仪器)惠普Colgate(牙膏品牌)高丽洁, 一种美国流行的牙膏Head&Shoulders(去屑洗发水)海飞丝Nestle(食品)雀巢Transfer(玩具)变形金刚Duracell(电池)Task 2: Put the following Chinese trademarks into English李字牌(蚊香)西湖牌(电视机)王老吉(饮料)吉利(汽车)恒源祥(毛衣)海信(电器)hisense先锋(音箱)青岛(啤酒)tsingtao傻子(瓜子)长虹(电器)changhong我只能答出者几个英文商标翻译的策略中文摘要商标是一种特殊的语言符号,是商品显着特征的浓缩,是商品文化的核心部分,是企业参与国际竞争的有力武器。

它既是标识,又是诱饵,最终是要招揽顾客,出售商品。

商标翻译符合符号学的翻译观,是由解码到编码的过程,是两种文化的移植。

好的商标翻译可以给企业带来巨大的财富;反之,糟糕的商标翻译可以让企业损失惨重,所以企业的生死存亡与商标翻译息息相关。

同时商标翻译能够拓宽语言学研究空间,丰富语言学的内涵,促进语言理论研究与实际应用的有机结合。

本文收集了一些典型商标,经过系统的分析,借鉴并吸收了一些翻译方法,重新总结归纳了一些英文商标汉译的策略,本文还针对不同策略的商标翻译提出了需要注意的事项。

关键词:英文商标;翻译;策略AbstractTrademark is a special kind of language signs. It is the concentration of commodities’ distinct characteristics, the core of commodities’ culture, and the powerful weapon for an enterprise to participate in international competitions. It is not only a logo, also a lure, the final goal of which is to attract customers and sell commodities. Trademark translation conforms to the conception of semiology. Trademark translation is the process from decoding to coding and the process of re-creating and further processing. That is to say, trademark translation is the transplantation of two kinds of cultures. A good trademark translation may bring an enterprise huge wealth, whereas a bad one may let an enterprise suffer great loss. Therefore, an enterprise’s future is closely linked with trademark translation. At the same time, trademark translation can widen the linguistic research field, enrich the connotation of linguistics, and accelerate the combination of linguistic theoretic research and its practical application. This article profits from and absorbs other translation methods, resummarizes some translation strategies as well as proposes something to be paid attention to in view of the different strategies.Key word: English trademark; translation; translation strategies一.引言商标是商品的标志,是商品经济发展的产物,是商品生产者或经营者为使自己生产销售的商品区别于其他商品而使用的一种显着标志。

中文商标的英译

中文商标的英译

四川师范大学成都学院本科毕业论文On the C-E Translation of Trademark学生姓名杨敏学号2012119052所在学院外国语学院专业名称英语班级2012级旅游酒店 2班指导教师何灵四川师范大学成都学院二〇一六年五月On the C-E Translation of TrademarkAbstract: At present, Chin a's GDP has ranked the world’s second place and China has become a genuine giant both in economy and trade. With the development of economic globalization, trademarks are also slowly going to abroad. In particular, since entered to the WTO, our products have been out of the country but to the world. Among them, the trademark’s contribution to China’s economic development is essential. Therefore, the trademark translation is particularly important. It should not only have Chinese characteristics, but also it should be loved by consumers. Trademarks and brands represent the corporate image which is one of the intangible assets and wealth. A good name can leave a good impression on customers, which add appealing charm to the product. This paper mainly introduces the definition, characteristics and functions of the trademark and trademark translation methods. Translation methods can be divided into Transliteration, Literal translation, Free translation, Combination of Transliteration and Free Translation which can illustrate the importance of trademark translation. Producers can also increase interest in the success of the brand and make the world fall in love with the products which are made in China.Key words: trademarks translation methods strategies中文商标的英译学生:杨敏指导教师:何灵内容摘要:目前,中国的国内生产总值已位居世界第二,无论是在经济还是在贸易上,中国已成为一个真正的巨人。

英文商标翻译论文

英文商标翻译论文

英文商标翻译论文1.英文商标翻译的策略音译商标翻译过程中,音译是一种不可忽视的手段,具有极强的普遍性。

音译是指在不背离“汉语语言规范和不引起错误联想或误解的条件下,按照原商标名称的发音,找到与之语音相近的汉语字词进行翻译。

其优点是简单易行,译文有异国情调,可使产品具有一定吸引力。

音译又分为:纯音译﹑谐音译和省音译。

纯音译纯音译即根据英文的读音逐字地用相近发音的汉字进行匹配的翻译。

主要适用于专有名词,如:人名商标和地名商标。

这种翻译法是商标在译为中文时,因无法找到相应的汉语表达而不得不采用的翻译方法。

人名商标有些商标是姓氏构成的,如:Hoover(胡佛)真空吸尘器,是源于生产商WilliamHenryHoover的姓氏;Rael-Brook(雷尔-布鲁克)男装,是源于公司创始人的姓氏。

有些商标是人的全名,如:WaltDisney(沃尔特·迪斯尼)制片公司,是根据公司创始人WaltDisney的姓名而定;PierreCardin(皮尔·卡丹)时装,是根据该时装的制造者PierreCardin的姓名而定;“benz”品牌最早含义是卡尔本茨的姓,根据译音,在中国翻译成“奔驰”。

地名商标Santana(桑塔纳)轿车,SanTana原是美国加利福尼亚洲一座山谷的名称;Nokia(诺基亚)手机是根据芬兰北部一座名为Nokia的小镇命名的。

谐音译这种译法是以音为引子,经常是在纯音译的基础上改动个别字眼,这些字眼与原商标读音谐音,改动后的音译商标又结合产品特征。

例如:为纪念航空公司创始人WillianEdwardBoeing人们以其姓氏确定的商标Boeing,译作“博音”,但作为商标,译者改用谐音“波音”,这就可以使人们对这类超音速飞机产生无尽的遐想。

省音译省音译是根据中国人的审美习惯,双音节和三音节的商标更能令人过目不忘,有些英文商标单词较长音节较多,如果逐字翻译,读起来拗口且不便记忆,可采用省音译来简化。

中英文商标的翻译

中英文商标的翻译

浅论中英文商标的翻译【摘要】商标是一种特殊的语言符号。

在贸易市场中,它代表的是产品。

由于国际贸易的日益频繁,商标的翻译也越发的重要。

这篇文章主要论述了商标翻译的作用、重要性、方法以及相关问题等。

文章讲述了商标的翻译在贸易市场中所起的作用,进而指明了商标翻译的重要性。

文章指出了商标翻译是我们可运用的方法,这也是文章的核心部分。

文章中提到了一些常用的翻译方法以及如何运用他们来进行翻译。

尽管,我们很了解我们所属的文化,但想要熟知他国的文化却很难。

鉴于此,文章列举了一些译者在翻译中不可避免地会遇到的误用和禁忌。

【关键词】商标翻译;原则;方法;禁忌一、商标翻译的主要原则尽管商标翻译是一种颇具创造性的翻译,但也需要严格遵守一些必要的原则,这里只列举两个基本原则。

(一)易记原则如同广告一样,商标的翻译也应使人易记、朗朗上口,即既简洁又有新意。

据调查,广告心理学家得出结论,如果广告字数少于6个字,那么消费者能记住广告的34%。

但如果广告字数在6至12个字之间,消费者只能记住广告的13%。

由此看来,简短的广告更能使人印象深刻。

大多数中文商标,依据中文的字面意思,直接翻译出来,如将“天绿园”(茶工厂)译为“natural green country”,这虽然严格遵循了翻译中的忠实原则,但未免略显冗长。

但如果将其改译为“green”,对于消费者来说就好记多了。

(二)易识原则通常,每种产品都有自身的特点。

翻译时,应译出产品的功能和特性,这样消费者一看商标就能立即想到产品的功用。

准确展现产品的特性,是商标的一个最重要的功能。

商标本身就是最精炼、有效的广告。

正如同徐荟和陈振东研究得出那样,产品的特征就是一个产品与众不同的基本构造。

因此,译者要做的就是找出产品的特点,准确地翻译出来。

译出的商标应符合产品的特点,表达出原商标的理念。

例如,化妆品“clean & clear”意为深层清洁。

商标的原意是,如果你用了这一产品,你的肌肤会变得娇嫩又干净。

从功能对等角度论英汉商标翻译(英文版)

从功能对等角度论英汉商标翻译(英文版)

毕业论文题目名称:从功能对等的角度论英汉商标翻译题目类型:研究论文学生姓名:赵金芳院 (系):外国语学院英语系专业班级:英语11203班指导教师:王娟辅导教师:时间:2015年11月20日至2016年5月28日从功能对等的角度论英汉商标翻译赵金芳总计:毕业论文28页指导教师:王娟评阅教师:张文完成日期:2016年5月28日On Translation of English and Chinese Trademarks from the Approach of Functional EquivalenceA ThesisPresented to the School of Foreign StudiesYangtze UniversityBy Zhao JinfangIn Partial Fulfillment of the RequirementsFor the Degree ofBachelor of ArtsMay 2016Thesis Supervisor: Wang Juan毕业论文目录指导老师审查意见 (I)评阅老师评语 (II)答辩会议记录及成绩评定 (III)任务书 (IV)文献综述 (VII)中文摘要 (XIII)英文摘要 (XIV)正文目录 (XV)正文 (1)参考文献 (27)致谢 (28)长江大学毕业论文(设计)指导教师评审意见长江大学毕业论文(设计)评阅教师评语长江大学毕业论文任务书学院(系)外国语学院专业英语班级英语11203班学生姓名赵金芳指导教师/职称王娟/副教授1.毕业设计(论文)题目:从功能对等的角度论英汉商标翻译On Translation of English and Chinese Trademarks from the Approach of Functional Equivalence2.毕业设计(论文)起止时间2015年11月20日~2016年5月28日3. 毕业设计(论文)所需资料及原始数据(指导教师选定部分)[1]Hise, R.T.Basic Marketing [M], Massachusetts: Massachusetts Winthrop Publishers Inc, 1979.[2]Newmark, P.A Textbook of Translation [M]. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language EducationPress, 2001.[3]Newmark, P.A Approaches to Translation[M]. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign LanguageEducation Press, 2001.[4]Nida, nguage, Culture and Translating[M]. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign LanguageEducation Press, 1993.[5]Nida, E.A. Language and Culture[M]. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language EducationPress, 2001.[6]Nida, E.A. Toward a Science of Translating [M], Leiden: EJ.Brill, 1964.[7]代荣.目的论与商标翻译[D].上海海事大学硕士学位论文,2003.[8]傅中选.实用翻译美学[M].上海:上海外语教育出版社,1993.[9]贺川生.商标英语[M].长沙:湖南大学出版社,1997.[10]胡壮麟.语言学教程[M].北京:北京大学出版社,1998.[11]胡文仲.《英美文化辞典》[C].北京:外语教学与研究出版社,1995.[12]黄贵,黄汉.《商标翻译中的功能对等》[J].《黄山学院学报》,2005[13]贾玉新.跨文化交际学[M].上海:上海外语教育出版社,1997.[14]贾文波.应用翻译功能论[M].北京:中国对外翻译出版公司,2004.[15]金多才.商标策略[M].郑州:河南人民出版社,1998.[16]李群艳.从功能的角度看商标翻译[J].齐齐哈尔大学学报,2007.5.[17]李淑琴.英语商标词的选择及翻译[J].扬州职业大学学报试刊,1997.[18]陆国强.现代英语词汇学[M].上海:上海外语教育出版社,1992.[19]刘功法.《论商标汉英翻译的几个关键问题》[J].《中国翻译》,2003.[20]曲德森.商标广告知识手册[Z]北京:华文出版社,1992.[21]沈苏儒.论信达雅---严复翻译理论研究[M] .北京:商务印书馆,1998.[22]谭载喜.奈达论翻译[M].北京:中国对外翻译出版公司,1984.[23]王瑞华.试论商标名称的翻译原则与机制[D].清华大学硕士学位论文,2005.[24]文月娥,周小玲.功能对等论与商标翻译[J].湘潭师范学院学报,2005.7.[25]谢芳.功能翻译策略在商标词翻译中的运用[D].苏州大学硕士学位论文,2004.[26]张培基.英汉翻译教程[M], 上海:上海外语教育出版社,2014.[27]郑畅.从功能对等角度看英汉商标[D].广西师范大学硕士学位论文,2006. 4.毕业设计(论文)应完成的主要内容(一)有关商标的基本知识1.1 商标的定义1.2 商标的特点1.3商标的分类(二) 功能对等理论研究的基本情况2.1中国的功能对等理论研究2.2外国的功能对等理论研究2.3功能对等理论在指导商标翻译过程中的重要性(三)功能对等理论和商标翻译3.1功能对等的要求3.2影响商标翻译的因素3.3功能对等理论在商标翻译中的实际应用(四)商标翻译中的技巧和方法4.1音译4.2直译4.3混合翻译4.4创造翻译5.毕业设计(论文)的目标及具体要求1)在学校图书馆查阅相关的文献,为论文的写作做准备;2)拟订粗线条的论文大纲,指导教师认可后撰写详细的论文大纲;3)论文大纲获得指导教师的认可后,开始准备任务书和开题报告;4)按照规定的时间上交任务书和开题报告;5)开题报告获得通过后,进入论文的写作阶段。

商标名称的翻译与策略【毕业论文】.doc

商标名称的翻译与策略【毕业论文】.doc

(20 届)英语商标名称的翻译与策略On Brand Name Translation Studies and its TranslationStrategies全球经济一体化的今天,行业间的商业竞争日趋激烈,在这样的环境下,商标之于产品和企业的作用就更不可忽略。

产品的商标恰如人的名字,赏心悦目的商标名让人过目难忘,能够促进产品的销售,而不恰当的商标名将给产品甚至其企业带来厄运。

随着国际经济的发展,越来越多的企业走出国门进军世界市场。

为了成功地让产品在国际市场上夺得一席之地,好的译名商标必不可少。

鉴于此,本文结合商标的特点以及中英语言文化等方面的差异提出了适用于商标翻译的策略:音译、直译、音译直译和意译策略,同时结合大量品牌翻译实例加以论证。

相信木研究对于商标译员和企业都将起到一定的指导性作用。

关键词:商标;中英语言文化;商标翻译策略AbstractAs one of the best strategies of marketing,brand name is of vital importance in the keen competition of businesses in the global economy. Brand name to product is like name to people.A good brand name contributes to the good reputation of a company and can help to propel sales of products while a poor brand name could be disastrous to a company. With the fast development of the international economy, more and more companies are cultivating their markets outside their own nations. To successfully promote products in the global market,a good translation of the brand name is of utmost importance.Based on the characteristics of brand names and linguistic and cultural differences between Chinese and English, the thesis puts forward brand name translation strategies: transliteration, literal translation, combination of transliteration and literal translation and liberal or free translation,which is illustrated with numerous concrete examples. It is hoped that the present study can play facilitating roles for brand name translators and enterprises as well.Key words: brand name; linguistic and cultural differences; brand name translation strategiesContents蚊■ (i)Abstract ........................................................................................................................ I I Introduction . (1)Research Background (1)Research Purposes and Significance (1)Literature Review (2)Definitions of BrandNames (2)Characteristics of Brand Names (2)The Studies on Brand Names Translation Home and Abroad (5)Studies on Brand Names from the Economic Perspective (5)Studies on Brand Name Translation from Cultural Perspective (6)Studies on Brand Name Translation from Linguistic Perspective (7)Brand Name Translation Strategies (10)Introduction (10)Transliteration (10)Literal Translation (11)3.4. Combination of Transliteration and Literal Translation (12)3.5 Liberal or Free Translation (13)Conclusion (17)Bibliography (18)1Introduction1.1Research BackgroundIn a world of rapid economic development, commercial exchange takes an even more important role than before. China, in such a developing condition is strengthening its communication with the outside world in terms of commercials. On the one hand, China,together with all the top brands it boasts is going global, on the other hand,the rest of the world is stepping into China,looking for chances to introduce and sell their top brands in the large potential market. A popular brand name is a must for the products promotion work, and it is also of vital importance to make sure that a good brand name maintains as a popular one when it is introduced to a new market. And this is the arduous task that a translator shoulders.However, in real life, we often encounter numerous lousy translations of brand names. A case in point is Chinese product 较身减月巴片,which is rendered into Obesity Reducing Tablets. When such product was exported to America,for a long period, the tablet was a slow seller. Through market research, it shows that brand name did not meet the people‟s psychological demand because this product was regarded as the medicine for obese people. Based on the above considerations, the author carries out a study on the brand name translation and its strategies,and hopefully the proposed strategies can shed light on brand name translation and guide translators in the translation practice.1.2Research Purposes and SignificanceTranslation is defined as “a complex action designed to achieve a particular purpose” (Newmark,2001: 6). When it comes to brand name translation, the ultimate purpose is to make target consumers know the products and further invite them to buy the products.According to this special purpose of brand name translation,we find it is necessary and significant that appropriate translation strategies of brand name must be develop to cope with this important branch of practical translation—brand name translation. Thus,this thesis makes an in-depth analysis of brand name translation and appropriate translation strategies.The purpose of the study is twofold. First, to arouse general awareness that brand name translation is significantly essential especially in the age of the globalization. Second, to put forward translation strategies which are highly amenable to the translation of brand names.2Literature Review2.1Definitions of Brand NamesThis thesis focuses on brand name translation,so it is important for us to have an overall understanding of what brand name is.“Branding makes a product distinctive in the marketplace,just as your name makes youunique in the society in which you live.”(Wells,Burnett and Moriarty, 1999: 89)It is “a name given by a producer to a particular product,by which it may be recognized from among alike products made by other producers.” (Longman Contemporary English-Chinese Dictionary English, 1988)“A trademark is any word,name, phrase,symbol,sign, design,or packaging that is distinctive and that identifies and distinguishes the source of a particular product. A trademark typically appears on the product or on its packaging•”((Lubliner,1993:16)Actually, people are confused in its conception even in Europe and America where commerce developed. A successful brand is defined,by Chernatony and McDonald (1994),as “an identifiable product,service, person or place, augmented in such a way that the buyer or user perceives relevant unique added values which match their needs most closely”. In the British, consumers have been shown, by de Chernatony and McWilliam (1989),to hold typically one of four complementary and overlapping views of brands:1 • A visual identifier.2.A guarantee of consistent quality.3.A shorthand device.4.An expression of self-concept. (Chernatony and Me William, 1989: 29-32)The above-mentioned definitions prove the brand is a concept of compounding, it is formed by the brand outside mark (including name, term, pattern etc.),brand discerning, brand legend brand image,etc. While in this thesis, brand names mainly refer to the part of a brand that can be expressed in words.2.2Characteristics of Brand NamesAiming to build, reinforce, and reposition consumers‟ perceptions and understandings of a certain brand, brand names have the following four functions, that is, distinguishing products, providing information, ensuring guarantee and stimulating consumption desires.In order to build a positive image in the market and arouse favorable associations as well as purchasing desires in the mind of consumers, brand names are required to have the following major characteristics: brevity, sonority and memorability,significance,elegance and appropriateness,originality and novelty.Because of the peculiarity of the brand name that it carries the main and final purpose of achieving sales,the first and foremost characteristics of brand names are brevity,sonority and memorability. Only those brief,easy-to-understand and memorable brand names will win the approval of consumers.For example,Uha (悠哈),a candy brand name, is short and sweet. In pronouncing Uha,lovely,cute, adorabe feelings emerge in people‟s mind, which appeal to its target consumers. Apart from that,the translated brand name keeps the syllabus of the original name. ‚雅客’’(Yake),in the same way,the pronunciation is crispy,sonorous and agile. The Chinese version also gives us elegant and cultivated feelings. What‟s more,‚雅客‛ is the alternative name of the flower Narcissus. From above examples,the characteristics of brevity, sonority and memorability make brand names impressive,which are helpful to reach the purpose of sales of products.In most cases,brand names have rich meanings and associations. Apart from being brief,sonorous and memorable, another important characteristic of brand names is significance, in other words, brand names usually carry rich connotations. A case in point is the brand name ‚彩虹’’ (Irico),whose English version is composed of “Irix” and “Corporation”. Irix is a Goddess in Greek Mythology whose responsibility is to spread good news. This happens to be in li ne with this Group‟s purpose: to be the creator of a sweet life for human beings. If it was literally translated it into rainbow, the effect would be discounted.Goodyear, a tire brand name, means an auspicious and harvest year; the translated version ‚固特异‛ not only is similar to Goodyear in pronunciation but shows attributes of the product of being solid,special and unique.‚丙冷,’ (Serene) is an air-conditioning brand name. The meaning of “丙冷‟‟,in Chinese people‟s mind,is cold and dry; for the translated version Serene,though it contains more meanings as being clam, quiet and composed,the original meaning of coldness is reduced.Elegance and appropriateness refer to the meanings of brand names or the ideas they conveyed. Since the purpose of brand names is to be recognized and accepted by consumers,the information transferred by the brand name is required to be correct and appropriate, that is, in accordance with characteristics of the commodity. For instance:Band-aid----- 邦迪(bandage for first aid)Goldlion——金利来(shirt)Marlboro ---- 万宝路(cigarette)Giant ---- 捷安特(bicycle)Paloma ----- 白乐满(gas-burning appliance)Contac-----康泰克(cold medicine)天翼--- E-su对ing (net sdevice)‚天翼’’(E-surfing),a new brand released by China Telecom to fulfill the mass customers‟ need for information services. ‚天翼‛ means flying freely in the sky;accordingly,“e-surfing” means surfing the web to one‟s heart's content. With e-surfing, cell phones or laptops are like having wings flying freely in the online world. The translated brand name well transfers the meaning of the original brand name and thus can be regarded as an elegant and appropriate translated brand name.Giant is the brand name of a bicycle,whose original meanings are huge,great,or people of vision; the translated version furthers the original meanings and shows that the product is swift, safe and special. Besides, the pronunciation of ‚捷安特‛ is similar to the original brand name Giant. So, ‚捷安特‛ embodies the characteristics and meanings of the original brand name.To be unique and distinctive in the market,brand names of products are required to be original, novel and creative. The first impression of the brand name left in consumers‟ minds is very important and it constitutes a reason for the product to be selected among numerous products of the same type. So, a successful brand name and its translation are required to be instantly recognizable. Therefore, an excellent brand name holds attributes of novelty,attractiveness and originality.Take the wall clock brand EMIT as an example. The brand EMIT is said to be novel and original because it is the back-to-front spelling of the word “TIME”,meaning breaking through the traditions. What‟s more, EMIT is rendered into ‚情有独钟‟‟,in which, ‚钟’’ is endowed with the meanings of both the clock (referring to EMIT) and its original meaning in the set phrase. Both EMIT and ‚情有独钟’’ are interesting and impressive and can be said to be original and novel.The Chinese version of B.CHOW—‘‘比倘’’ is also an outstanding example because it vividly describes the mood of “want to be more charming and pretty than others”. This thought makes the brand name distinctive and impressive.The candy brand Fujiya is rendered into ‚不二家‛ which is interesting and fresh in the market. The Chinese version shows uniqueness,originality and individuality of the product.2.3The Studies on Brand Names Translation Home and AbroadVarious researchers have endeavored to study brand names. The previous studies on brand names can be categorized into three groups: 1) economic perspective; 2) cultural perspective; and 3) linguistic perspective.2.3.1Studies on Brand Names from the Economic PerspectiveBrand name is a product of economic development, so economic and market research on it plays an important role in our society. Based on the research findings, what the experts study mostly are how to create,design,market,develop,and manage brands. Aaker (a businessprofessor at University of California at Berkeley) and Kevin Keller are two American branding experts, who make theoretical and scientific analyses on brand names in their works. They contribute a lot to the research in this field. Aaker (1991) brilliantly examines how to create, market,develop, and manage brands strategically in the 1990s.Keller (1998) provides a comprehensive treatment of the subject of brands,brand equity,and strategic brand management, concerning the design and implementation of marketing programs and activities to build. John Murphy,a branding expert in Interbrand (global branding consultancy),has edited and published many guidebooks on brands. In addition,most researches on naming primarily focus on characteristics and functions of English names. For example,Peterson & Ross (1972) find that it is important to select names that build on familiar words,because consumers may already have positive notions about such words. Other researches demonstrate that the favorability of a brand name is used as a heuristic cue when consumers make product judgments (Maheswaran,Mackie & Chaiken,1992). The brand‟s role in the field of marketing has changed dramatically during the past decade. In the past, we used to name already existing products or companies in order to make them more attractive to consumers. In contrast recently, developing a brand means devising and implementing a way by which to deliver a benefit to consumers. Such concepts direct the development of products and services designed to supply the benefit,and even shape entire organizations for this purpose. Trade Mark English,ritten by He Chuansheng (1997),illustrates the motivation of brand formation from the perspectives of psychology,marketing,sociology and culture,meanwhile,he analyzes the effects of brand used as verbs and adjectives in modern English. His article, New Industry Survey of American Language report: brand name,is a survey of a flourishing language industry in the US (贺川生,2003). Psychology is closely related to brand naming when we want to create a successful brand. Hou Ruilong (1997: 260) explores the psychological strategies of brand naming and indicates what a trap is when strategies of single brand name are used.2.3.2Studies on Brand Name Translation from Cultural PerspectiveAnalysis on brand names translation covers the majority of language research of this field in China. Zhu Fan (2002) makes a comment on brand names translation in her article, a most representative study based on more than 120 articles from 1994-2001. According to the principles and features of brand names, Guo Shangxing (1995) divides brand names into five categories and indicates problems of brand name translation in China. Chen Quanming (1996) introduces four methods for English-Chinese import brand name translation. Peng Shiyu (2001)proposes four methods for C-E brand name translation: homophonic translation,literal translation, direct translation and blending translation,in which blending translation is the best way to internationalize Chinese brand names. Bao Huinan (2001) analyzes principles of translation from Chinese brand name to English from the perspective of language and culture. She considers most Chinese brand names are in the form of Chinese characters or Pinyin, so the products with such brand names are sold well in domestic market but not in foreign market. Teng Yanjiang(2004) attempts to point out the phenomenon of cultural aphasia in C-E trademark translation and shows the way of dealing with such problems in C-E trademark translation and how to avoid such mistakes in practice.Verbification of brand names originates in 1940s,which is a fresh language phenomenon. In China, translation on verbification of brand names is from Zhang Dinxing(1997) who makes a preliminary study on its word source, history background, meaning and translation. He also stresses that “verbification of vehicle‟s brand names is a new trend in modern English vocabular y and verbification of automobile brand names is the most popular”(张定兴,1998). The article is limited in describing brand names examples,which is a conclusion of rules or language features on verbification. So Zhang Dinxing (1999) studies it from the view of stylistics and pragmatics on the basis of his further research on English brand names. He considers, in order to translate verbification of brand names very well,translators must constantly learn new knowledge and read foreign newspapers and journals as much as possible.Ever since brands come into being, they are blessed with cultural meaning and closely connected with culture. Ethical cultural meaning is contained in a small brand name, in which lexical meaning is added with emotion,cultural symbol or cultural association.Brand names can express their special meanings and be understood only under the specific cultural background. Companies pay attention to both the form of brand and its culture, so there are many cultural studies on brand names.Cao Zhiyun (1992: 165) analyzes the culture phenomena of Chinese brand naming, and illustrates the characteristics of brand language such as distinction, art and social function. Peng Shiyu (2001) holds that the design of Chinese brand and brand names should not only absorb other culture‟s virtue but also work out how they will be accepted easily,which makes Chinese brand and brand names international Zhang Xiangyang(2005) probes the cultural implication and object of automobile brand names. Because of different cultures,English and Chinese brand names are different from each other. Geuens & Pelsmacker (1999) make a comparison between brand naming in English and Chinese, “there are some common points in naming brand names in English and brand names in Chinese. Brand names are relatively short, so generallyspeaking,such devices as symbolism and association are used in naming so as to convey the information about the products as much as possible. But there are some obvious differences in the brand names in English and the brand names in Chinese because of the differences between the cultural psychology,the linguistic characteristics and the way of thinking.” Hu Kaibao (1999) conducts a research on some differences between English and Chinese brand names from the perspectives of the sources of brand names, syllables, relations between quality of product and its brand name.233 Studies on Brand Name Translation from Linguistic Perspective Scholars in US attach much importance to linguistic research on brand names. The most famous representative is Vanden (1987) who analyzes language features of 200 brand names from 1971 to 1985 in US. Aronoff (1981) published his Automobile Semantics in the journal Linguistic Inquiry. Ingrid Filler‟s PhD dissertation American Automobile Names (1996) can be reckoned as one of the best literatures on brand naming available at present. By studying the place names of automobile in general language, she thoroughly investigates the nature of American automobile names which are collected from a corpus of more than 2000 such names. Robertson, K. (1987),a psychologist,puts efforts into the study of proper names, including brand names and published Dictionary of Trade Name Origins, which collects quite a lot of famous brand names.In China,the study of brand names can be traced back to Zhuang Hecheng (1988) and Sun Dequan (1988) who are the first Chinese scholars in this field studying simple features of brand names and problems of translation. Zhu Yajun(2003) studies brand names from the perspective of some branches of linguistics,which include phonetics, grammar,semantics,pragmatics,semiotics,translation, and indicates relevant factors of brand naming. He takes the functional equivalence theory to describe brand name translation and provides three principles: accordant,relevant, brief,and three translation methods: equivalent method,complementary method and homophonic method. It has mentioned that a brand name with favorable (positive) associations to consumer psychology will contribute to the success of this brand.The literatures about lexical analysis for brand name are limited. Liang Guotao (1992) divides trademarks into three categories: name trademark words, such as Cadillac.,word trademark words, such as Apple; arbitrary trademark words, in which word-formation is applied, such as Kodak.Liang Guotao(1998) adds the fourth category of brand names—shortening trademark word, such as IBM and says brand names are different from common words, because they are industry property right. Hou Ruilong(1997: 260) explores the psychological strategiesof brand naming, and figured there is a trap of brand naming in using the strategy of single brand name, which would lead to failure of enterprises. Wu Hanjiang & Cao Wei(2005) introduces brand names,words, letters and numbers in brands, gives classification of Chinese brands, analyzes phonetic,lexical and syntactic features of brand language. As brand names cannot be arbitrarily created, Zhu Wangzhong & Su Gailian (2006) briefly analyze the motivation of pronunciation, word-formation and meaning of coined English brand names and gives some cases of brand names of export product.The previous literature shows us a lot of successful achievements on the research of brand names,yet there are still some problems left. Many linguists focus their research on proper names but pay little attention to brand names. According to the previous literature which is mostly about economics, translation,culture and linguistics, we can find the previous studies do not elaborate on the translation strategies that are appropriate to translation of brand names. Under this backdrop,the present study conduct research in this field with the hope of arousing the public‟s awareness of brand name translation and at the same time, offering app ropriate translation strategies that can render a well-translated brand name.3Brand Name Translation Strategies3.1IntroductionThe translation of brand names is not a simple transfer from one language to another; instead,it is a recreation process. The same brand name may have different translations to stand for different types of products. For example, the baby‟s daily use cosmetic Johnson & Johnson is translated into 虽生”,while an enterprise named as Johnson is translated into ‚庄臣As an underwear brand name, Triumph is rendered into ‚黛安芬”,but as a car brand name, it is translated into ‚凯旋As a chocolate brand name, Dove is translated into ‚德芙‟‟, while as a body wash,it is rendered into‚多芬Apart from this,Dove can also be translated into ‚多福’’ or ‚得福‟‟,which are meaningful and fortunate in Chinese people‟s eyes.Different from common language translations, brand name translations consider more on the nonlinguistic factors,such as products and consumers, esp. cultural factors infiltrated in language. Some translation strategies for the translation of brand names are listed as follows.3.2TransliterationIn translating English brand names, transliteration is a strategy that cannot be ignored. The advantage of this strategy is that it is easy and feasible; meanwhile,the strategy of transliteration endows translated brand names with exotic tints and feelings. This strategy is widely used in the translation of brand names because it not only keeps the consistency of product images globally,but also remains the rhythmic beauty and sonorous beauty of original brand names. For example:Motorola ----- •摩托罗拉(cell phone)Swatch ---- 斯沃琪(观tches)Pocky-----百奇(decorating biscuit)Subway----- 赛白味(fast food)Eucerin ----- 优色林(cosmetic)Reebok ---- 锐步(shoe)Sharp ----- 夏徵electronic home appliance)Kelon ----- 科龙(electronic home appliance)Galanz ---- 格兰仕(electronic home appliance)Ericsso ---- 爱立信(cell phone)Virjoy ——唯洁雅(tissue)Nepia -----妮飘(tissue)In the translation of Pocky and Subway, the translated brand names ‚ 白奇‛ and ‚赛白味‛ not only are similar to the original pronunciations,but expend the meanings of the original names. Pocky shows a magical pocket that produces various wonders,which is in accordance with Chinese people‟s psychology of being fond of surprises and expectations; while Subway mean to show that their service speed is faster even than a subway and their food taste better than any others.To sum up, the transliteration strategy emphasizes phonological forms of brand names, going after phonological similarities between brand names in the source language and the target language. It tries to find out the same or similar words or morphemes to the original brand names. This strategy confines translators to the phonological forms of brand names in source languages but gives translators wide flexibilities in conferring meanings to translated brand names.3.3Literal TranslationLiteral translation means to translate brand names directly on the basis of its literal meanings. This strategy is adopted when the translated brand names have the same cultural images as in the source language. As the major strategy for the translation of brand names,the literal translation strategy maintains characteristics of original brand names and conveys accurate original information and feelings directly and precisely. For example: Tiger ----- 虎(beer)Crown ---- 皇冠(automobile)Playboy ----- 花花子(clothing)Cover girl --- 封面女郎(cosmetic)Fair Lady ---- 贵夫人(cosmetic、Good Companion ----- 良友(cigarette)Naughty Monkey ---- 顽皮猴(clothing)Blue Ribbon ---- 蓝带(beer)May flower--- :五花(tissue)营养快线--- Nutri-express( beverage)Among these examples, the original brand name Tiger gives people the feelings of bravery and fierceness,which are liked by most male consumers. The literally translated brand name ‚虎‛ well conveys the information of the source language; at the same time, it attracts the attention of target consumers. Thus the brand names in both the source language and the targetlanguage well perform the function of promotion.Blue Ribbon is rendered into ‚蓝带Blue Ribbon,in English,has connotations of masterpiece, the highest honor,top-ranking,etc.; however,these meanings are not loaded on the correspondingly translated brand name ‚蓝带”,which just means ribbons of the blue color. The same situation happens to transliteration in some cases. Thus there are some limitations for both the transliteration and the literal translation strategies.3.4. Combination of Transliteration and Literal TranslationThe strategy of the combination of transliteration and literal translation makes translated version of brand names close to the original brand names both in meanings and in pronunciations. For example:沧沧--- C hacheer (melon seeds)回力--- W arrior( shoe)Xtep ---- 特步(shoe)Seven up ----- 匕喜(bevercige)Pampers ------帮宝适(diaper)Polaroid ---- 拍立得(camera)Hygienix ----- 洁云(tissue)Kleene ----- 舍了,洁(tissue)Signal ---- 洁诺(toothpaste)Colgate ---- 高露'洁(toothpaste、Walex ---- 威洁丄.(washing powder)HiSense ---- 海信{TN set)Povos ---- 奔職electrical home appliance)相宜木亨-- Si noway Herb (cosmetic)The translated version of …‘洽洽’’ (Chacheer) combines the pronunciation of ‘‘洽’’ and its meaning of being happy or cheerful. The sneaker brand name “[H|力‛ is translated into Warrior,which is similar not only to ‚回力’’ in pronunciation, but also in meaning. Semantically, ‚回力‛ means tremendous power to overcome difficulties,corresponding with the meaning of the word “Warrior”. So it is thought that people who wear the Warrior sneaker would be like a warrior who had tremendous powers.‚相3T•木草‟‟,literally means to maintain skins with herbs; its translated version Sin 側ay Herb, means the Chinese way of protecting skins with herbs. The translated version helps foreign customers to know more about the product.。

商标翻译论文

商标翻译论文

简析商标翻译的常见方法随着社会经济的发展,随着社会经济的发展,我们进入了一个产品极大丰富,我们进入了一个产品极大丰富,我们进入了一个产品极大丰富,多样的商品社会。

多样的商品社会。

多样的商品社会。

各各种商品琳琅满目,种商品琳琅满目,应有尽有。

应有尽有。

应有尽有。

商家为了能在竞争中取胜,商家为了能在竞争中取胜,商家为了能在竞争中取胜,采取各种手段来吸进消采取各种手段来吸进消费者的目光,费者的目光,而商标就是其中的一个重要的举措。

而商标就是其中的一个重要的举措。

而商标就是其中的一个重要的举措。

商标具有简短、商标具有简短、商标具有简短、易读、易读、易读、易记的易记的特点,这也是商家想尽办法译好商标名的主要原因。

为了把产品推向国际市场,为了满足国际消费者的需求,为了满足国际消费者的需求,商标的翻译就显得尤为重要。

商标的翻译就显得尤为重要。

商标的翻译就显得尤为重要。

在此过程中,在此过程中,在此过程中,除了注除了注意翻译的基本方法和原则,意翻译的基本方法和原则,更重要的是国家间的文化差异和人们的生活习惯。

更重要的是国家间的文化差异和人们的生活习惯。

更重要的是国家间的文化差异和人们的生活习惯。

下下面主要介绍几种常见的商标翻译的方法。

面主要介绍几种常见的商标翻译的方法。

音译法含义含义 把原语商标中的音翻译成发音相似或相同的目的语的翻译法。

它可分为直接音译法和谐音取意两种。

为直接音译法和谐音取意两种。

直接音译法:直接音译法:直接音译法:根据商标外文的读音,根据商标外文的读音,根据商标外文的读音,选择读音相选择读音相同或相近的汉字组合在一起。

同或相近的汉字组合在一起。

谐音取意法:谐音取意法:翻译时在同义或有吉祥之意的字眼来组成译名,以适应消费者的文化心理。

直接音译法如HONGDOU 红豆BOSIDENG 波司登、SONY 索尼、MOTOROLA 摩托罗拉、ANTA 安踏、SANFU 三福、Kodak 柯达、CITIZEN 西铁城、SIMENS 西门子、PONDS 旁氏、AOKANG 奥康、W AHAHA 娃哈哈、ALPENLIEBE 阿尔卑斯、DISNEY 迪斯尼、LAFANG 拉芳、ADDIDAS 阿迪达斯、DAPHNE 达芙妮、AUDI 奥迪、NIKE 耐克、SHARP 夏普、KFC 肯德基、MINOL T A 美能达、GILLETTE 吉利 、PIERRE CARDIN 皮尔卡丹PARKER 派克。

商标作文英文翻译

商标作文英文翻译

商标作文英文翻译英文:Trademark, also known as a brand, is a unique symbol, design, word, or phrase that distinguishes a product or service from others in the market. It is a valuable asset for any business as it helps to establish a strong brand identity and reputation.Having a registered trademark provides legal protection against others using your brand name or logo without permission. This helps to prevent confusion among consumers and ensures that your business is the only one that can use your brand in the market.For example, the Nike swoosh logo is a registered trademark that is instantly recognizable and associated with the brand's quality and performance. If another company were to use a similar logo, it could lead to confusion among consumers and damage Nike's reputation.In addition to legal protection, trademarks can also increase the value of a business. A strong brand with a recognized trademark can attract customers and investors, leading to increased profits and growth opportunities.Overall, a trademark is an essential aspect of any successful business and should be carefully chosen and protected.中文:商标,也称为品牌,是一种独特的标志、设计、词语或短语,可以将产品或服务与市场上的其他产品或服务区分开来。

目的论视角下英文商标词的翻译

目的论视角下英文商标词的翻译

(下转第122页)摘要成功的商标词能满足消费者的心理诉求,激发购买欲望,给企业带来巨额利润。

功能主义翻译目的论对英文商标词的翻译具有较强的解释力。

翻译的目的性决定了在商标词翻译实践中采取什么样的翻译策略和方法来实现源语的交际目的和预期效果。

关键词英语商标词目的论翻译On the Translation of English Trademark Words from thePerspective of Skopos Theory //Zhu Yunli Abstract Successful trademark words can satisfy the psychologi-cal demands of consumers,stimulate their purchase desire,and bring huge profits to enterprises.Functionalist approaches have a strong explanatory power for the translation of English trademark words.The purpose of translation determines what kind of trans-lation strategies and methods should be adopted in the practice of trademark word translation to realize the communicative purpose and expected effect of the source language.Key words English trademark words;skopos theory;translation 作为商品经济高度发展的产物,商标就是商品经营者为了使自己的商品在市场上同其他的商品相区别而使用的一种商业性标注。

商标翻译本科论文答辩自述

商标翻译本科论文答辩自述

Good afternoon, professors. I am Yu Lingyao, from English 102 and my supervisor is Lu Min. With her invaluable advice, constant encouragements and precise modification, I have finished my thesis. The title of my thesis is Brief Analysis of Influencing Factors and Methods in Chinese-English Trademark TranslationI choose it as my topic due to the following reasons. With the development of the economic globalization, there are more and more trade exchanges between China and other countries. Trademark plays an important role in it. Therefore, we should pay enough attention on it. On the one hand, a gorgeous trademark can not only keep the essence of the products but also cater the taste of target consumers and hence bring unexpected marketing effect. On the other hand, trademark, as a special business language, is quite distinctive from other languages. It usually manifests as simple words but there are rich cultural connotation of enterprises and information of products in it. I think the topic is worth studying.This thesis consists of five chapters. Chapter one provides a general introduction, mainly concerning the importance and necessity of trademark translation. Chapter two is the literature review, mainly focuses on the present research on the trademark translation, including the influencing factors and methods. Chapter three concludes the factors to be taken into consideration especially from the perspective of consumers. Chapter four is the main parts, which presents the methods of trademark translation. Chapter five is a conclusion, which concludes the my create points and the limitation of the thesis.。

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英语商标翻译论文商标翻译论文商标翻译中的语用对等和语用失误研究摘要:商标翻译需要一定的理论和原则加以指导。

按照语用对等的观点,商标的翻译需要考虑到译入语文化的得体性,避免产生语用失误现象。

本文试从语用对等和语用失误的原则入手,分析影响商标达到语用对等的因素,举例说明达到商标翻译的语用等效应遵循的原则,从而充分发挥商标的促销作用。

关键词:商标语用对等语用失误商标翻译是一种跨文化的交际活动,具有其自身的特点和功能。

在这个复杂的翻译过程中,必须考虑语用对等,即利用跨文化交际知识和认知语言手段理解语言及言外知识,准确地建立信息概念的共享,得体流畅地传达产品的信息。

如果实现了语用对等,则可使持两种语言的人成功地实现交际,达到商标的目的。

反之,如果不能准确地再现源语的意思和功能,就容易产生语用失误。

本文在分析语用对等和语用失误的基础上,结合例子说明应如何达到商标翻译的语用对等。

一、语用对等和语用失误的研究现状(一)翻译中的语用对等语用学的最新研究成果已经深入地应用于翻译研究,语用对等成为译界重点关注的议题。

徐艳云、秦红、姜柯分别撰文指出在语用对等理论指导下的语用翻译的实质。

语用翻译在词汇、语法、语义等语言学的不同层面上,不拘泥于原文的形式,用译文中最贴近而又最自然的对等语将原作内容表达出来,实现等效的目的。

语用对等具有重要的理论意义和实践意义。

在理论上,它是从一种全新的角度对翻译进行阐释的新模式,是一种与语义翻译相对应的动态等效翻译。

它所寻求的对等和奈达提出的“功能对等”或“动态对等”有着异曲同工的效果。

在实践中,它可以指导我们处理一些形式、意义和功能不一致的源语,避免语用失误。

诸多学者曾用过这样的例子:中国人见面时常说的“你吃了吗?”,如果按字面意义将其翻译为:“Have y ou had a meal ?”西方人是很难认同这句话的真实意图的。

吕俊认为,此时遵循的原则是“形式让位给意义,意义让位给功能”(吕俊,2001:119)。

原句是问句的形式,意义是询问是否吃过饭,但功能是寒暄,以此来维持良好的人际关系。

因此,应以功能对等来译该句:“Hi”,“Hello”,或“How are you?”实际上,这里的功能对等就是语用对等。

德国学者诺伊贝特进一步指出,语言成分对等和语义对等都必须受语用对等的制约,只有语用关系对等,才能真正做到翻译对等。

因此,在翻译的过程中,要有意识地对交际中出现的语境进行预测,迅速识别源语信息中的语体和文化特征,努力减少源语与译语之间的信息差异,用最自然、真实的语言,达到接近源语的效果,把源语中的语体和文化因素传译出来,实现或接近语用对等。

(二)翻译中的语用失误语用对等的对立面则是语用失误。

如果译者在翻译过程中不顾源语和译语之间的差异,不顾译语的文化语境和读者的认知环境,而把原文信息生硬地照搬到译文之中,那么必然导致语用失误,从而使原文含义在译语中丧失或者曲解。

语用失误是“在言语交际中导致交际者本人未能取得完满交际效果的差错”(何自然、陈新仁,2004:168)。

也就是说,说话人在言语交际中虽然使用了符合语法、语义的句子,但由于说话不合时宜,或说话方式不妥、表达不合习惯,或者没能获取说话人通过话语希望传递的交际意义或隐含信息等,从而违反了人际规范、社会规约,违背目的语特有的文化价值观,导致交际行为中断或不能取得预期效果。

Thomas将语用失误分为语用语言失误和社交语用失误。

语用语言失误指对语言语境把握不当导致的语用失误,它是由两种不同语言之间的差异引起的,既可表现为说话人认为听话人能充分理解自己而表达不当,致使听话人误解话语含义,又可表现为与谈话双方的身份、会话的语域、话题的熟悉程度等因素有关(何自然,1997:207 )。

语用失误的危害性是相当大的。

人们可以宽容语言形式不好的话语,继续交流。

但语用失误必然导致Thomas指出的结果:违反语用规则的人会被认为是“举止不好”“不真诚、存心欺骗或居心不良”,从而导致交际失败。

因此,语用失误应该引起我们的足够重视。

二、影响商标翻译语用对等的因素商标的翻译,不仅仅是两种语言的简单转换,更重要的是语言和文化的交流。

翻译不是机械地从一种语言到另一种语言,而是不同社会文化的反映。

一方面,商标是文化的载体和媒介,通过翻译在世界传播。

另一方面,商标作为特殊的广告和营销语言,目的是吸引消费者的注意力,刺激他们的购买欲望。

成功的推广和推销,在很大程度上取决于目标市场的文化。

从跨文化的角度看,一个成功的商标翻译必须考虑到目标市场的文化因素,如信仰、价值观、风俗、习惯、心理学和美学等等。

所以在商标翻译时,必须考虑到译入语文化的得体性。

三、商标翻译需达到语用对等的两个基本要求根据何自然的观点,为了在翻译中达到语用对等,译者不得不考虑语用对等的两个基本要求:语用语言等效和社交语用等效原则。

语用语言等效是指将语言的表面意义和隐含意义都转移到译文中。

语言就其规约意义来说,当然比较容易领会。

但由于语境不同,语言并不一定都表达它的规约意义。

无论是“言语行为理论”还是“会话含义理论”都表明,语言不仅有表面意义,还有隐含意义。

在翻译过程中,译者必须理解语言的真实含义,即特定的语用意义,并且尽可能将这种意义完全转移到译作中。

如果不能,那么译语读者将可能会失去已经被原语读者接收到的信息。

社交语用等效是指文化层面的对等。

语言是文化的载体,不同的语言有着不同的文化意象,这就可能在相似的规约意义之下隐藏着截然不同的文化指向含义,这就使得不同语言的使用者在文化指向上出现不同的理解。

而语用对等正是超越了这种文化隔阂,在译入语允许的范围内,达到文化意象的互通。

这两种等效都是语用对等的基本要求。

为了达到原著与译著之间真正的对等,译者必须实现这两个等效。

翻译是以让译语读者得到与原语读者相同的感受为目标,尤其是商标翻译,对于产品在激烈的竞争中获胜,达到产品促销的目的起着至关重要的作用。

因此从这一点看,在翻译的过程中,意义较形式重要。

商标的功能是吸引潜在的消费者,所以形式同样不可忽略。

如果无法在译语中找到具有相似含义和语言形式的表达方法替代源语中的表达,可以在注重意义的前提下,适当地调整表达形式。

四、商标翻译语用对等和语用失误的结果商标翻译的语用对等和语用失误的直接效果就是商品的销售情况。

如果达到了语用对等,那么商标就能最大限度地发挥它的作用,起到促销商品的作用。

反之,语用失误的后果就是市场营销的失败。

(一)语用对等商标翻译只有做到语用对等才能达到促销的目的。

例如,“poison”一词的原意为“毒药”或“毒物”,以它命名商品是一种反向思维。

据说国外市场专家分析研究发现,有些女性追求一种野性、粗犷的异国风情,为迎合其口味,精心设计的Poison香水得到不少国家女性的青睐,开拓了商品销售市场。

但按照中国的传统习俗,女性追求的是一种婉约、含蓄美,而不是野性、粗犷的风情。

为打开中国市场的销路,把这种香水译为“百爱神”,顺从了汉语读者的文化习惯和语用原则,从而受到中国消费者的青睐。

表现女性温柔、浪漫气质与典雅、亲切的风格商标,如“Safeguard”(舒肤佳)洗涤用品似乎给中国关爱肌肤的女性找到了自己的“bodyguard”(保镖),非常迎合女性喜欢受保护、有安全感的心理需求。

即使是年龄和性别相同的消费者,由于其所受文化教育、生活的环境不同,购物时也有不同的心理倾向。

因此,商标设计者要对产品销售市场及销售对象、受众的心理进行周密的调查分析,然后再进行商标的创意和定位,这样才能取得良好的销售效果。

我国有一种出口试销美国的“轻身减肥片”开始时无人问津,市场调查发现问题出在该商品的英译名“obesity-reducing Tablets”,在美国人看来此药是专为“obese people”(特大胖子)服用的,有违购买者的消费心理,改译为“Slimming Pills”后便打开了销路。

“Relovon”这一品牌的翻译从李白的名句“云想衣裳花想容,春风拂槛露华浓”中撷取了“露华浓”三个字,尽管与原文词汇读音、意义均无多少关系,却使这个外国品牌具有浓浓的诗意和不俗的韵味,从而深受消费者的喜爱。

上海著名品牌“美加净”得宜于汉语单字表意的特点,取“美丽更添干净之意”,若译为“BEAUTIFUL-CLEAN”显得拖沓冗长,不符合商标名简洁的审美特点,译名“MAXAM”在发音上接近“maximum”(最大化),让人对产品产生了无尽的遐想,“最大化”也许就是洗面奶洗得最干净,润肤露最滋润之意。

另外,译名拼写简短,首尾都是“M”,在形态上也产生平衡的美感,是一个很成功的商标名。

虽然它的内容和形式美已经超出了原名的内容和形式,但是考虑到了英语消费者的需求,表现了商标的功能,达到了语用对等。

(二)语用失误法国的圣罗兰创造的名为“OPIUM”男用香水,在四川成都一上市就受到抨击和抵制。

原因是圣罗兰并不了解中国文化,他本想利用鸦片的诱惑力引诱中国男士用此香水上瘾,却忘却了鸦片之害给中国人民带来的沉重灾难和精神创伤。

再如,“马戏牌扑克牌”被翻译成“maxipuke”,在英语中,“maxi”的意思是邪恶的英国,“puke”的意思是令人讨厌的人或物。

此外,“白象”这个电池的商标被仅仅根据字面意思简单地翻译成“white elephant”,“white elephant”在英语中的意思是价格昂贵没有实际用途的东西。

“蓝天牌”牙膏,“blue sky”在英语词典中有特殊含义,指的是不切实际、纯理论性的、财务不健全的、企业收不回的债券;(股票)不可靠的。

可见这些翻译都没有考虑到英语的语言文化,以致造成了语用失误,不仅没有达到商标传达信息,吸引消费者的目的,反而适得其反。

商标翻译要做到功能最大限度地对等,就不能只拘泥于貌似,更重要的是要做到“传神”,翻译出商标语言的广告宣传功能。

要达此目的,就必须考虑到语用的对等,充分利用商标自身的优势,使译语达到和源语一样的功能。

五、结语从语用对等和语用失误角度来研究商标翻译,给商标翻译研究注入了新的活力。

作为一种新的翻译模式,语用对等要求翻译能超越语言文化的差异,实现源语发出者和译语接受者的交流沟通。

这对商标翻译实践有重大指导作用。

作为交际双方的中间人,译者应该提高语言技能,加强中西方文化修养,学习相应的语用学理论知识,以实现商标翻译中的语用对等,避免语用失误。

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