等额系列偿债基金系数表
等额序列偿债基金公式(已知F,求A)
书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟等额序列偿债基金公式(已知F,求A)可解释为:当企业负债后,债权人就享有回收本金及利息的权利,可行的计划是企业每年从收益中提取一笔等额的还贷基金,每年这笔资金及利息(在计算期末体现)的代数和正好等于到期应偿还债款的本利和,故提取的这笔资金称为偿债基金。
等额偿债基金公式是年金终值公式的逆运算。
由公式(1+i)n- 1F=A----------- i 直接导出iA=F-------------(1+i)n -1(1)i 式中系数------------ (1+i)n -1 称偿债基金,有些书又称之为基金存储系数,记为(A/F,i,n)。
利用式(1+i)n-1F=A-----------i 与式(1)进行资金等值计算时,必须注意的是,在0 点没有现金流量,才适合等额序列终值现金流量图所示的现金流量图。
如果现金流量图如下所示,情况,即最后一年无现金流量,而在0 点有现金流量,则可分别采用下式:图中等额序列终值现金流量图(特型)(1+i)n-1 将式F=A----------- i 变换为(1+i)n -1F=A(1+i)·----------- i 式(1)变换为F iA=---- --------·------------- (1+i) (1+i)n-1 两式与式(1+i)n-1F=A----------- i 式(1)存在一个(1+i)的比值关系。
例1 某企业因进行技术改造借用外资,到期(第5 年末)本息和将负债1000 万美元,在折现率为10%的情况下,经论证,认为采用等额偿还的方式较好,问企业今后5 年内每年偿还多少资金?解:由式(1)i 0.10A=F------------=1000×------------ (1+i)n-1 (1+0.10)5- 1=1000×0.1638=163.80(万美元) 5×163.80 加各期还款到期末的利息正好等于1000 万美元。
等额序列支付资金回收公式(已知P,求A)
书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟等额序列支付资金回收公式(已知P,求A)该公式的概念与等额偿债基金公式的区别是:公式强调的是已知的现金流P 发生在“现在”,而偿债基金强调已知的现金流F 发生在“将来”;本式所指的等额系列资金含有当期应偿还债务的本金及利息,而后者各期偿债基金利息并未在当期体现,而是按其时间价值折算到期末充当偿还的债务。
因此该公式可解释为:当企业负债后,企业每期从收益中提取一笔等额的还贷资金(包括当期本金的利息),在还贷期内每期资金的代数和正好等于应偿还债款的本利和,故提取的这笔资金又称为贷款人的资金回收。
等额序列支付资金回收的现金流量图见图1。
图1 资金回收现金流量(A/P,i,n)表示,故上式还可表示为:A=P·(A/P,i,n)例1 某城市电信局对系统内话机扩容,投入资金10000 万元,计划通过收取客户的电话初装费来回收这笔投资,预计5 年内按等额回收,若资金的年利率8%,问该电讯项目的投资每年应回收多少?解:本案例已知现值P,利率i,计算期n,运用资金回收公式求A,因此:A=P·(A/P,0.08,5)=10000×0.25046=2504.60(万元)每年末可回收2504.60 万元,5 年内可收回全部投资的本金及利息(利息=2504.60×5-10000=2523 万元)。
若进一步分析投资回收过程中每年还本付息情况,将其放大100 倍即为本案例的资金回收过程中的具体数据。
例2 某公司花300 万元购买一片门面,计划15 年内以出租的方式回收投资,第15 年末房屋的净值为150 万元,若资金的利率为12%,问该公司每年年末应收取多少租金?解:该案例的现金流量见图2。
设A1 为公司购买房屋的回收基金;A2 为房屋净值等额系列偿债基金;A 为所求的租金i(1+i)nA1=P(A/P,i,n)=P------------- (1+i)n-1 iA2=F(A/F,i,n)=F-------------- (1+i)n-1 图2 房屋等额资金回收现金流量i,n)=------------=--------------- (1+i)n-1 (1+i)n-1i(A/P,i,n)=i+ ------------。
第2章 资金等值计算
例 2-2 下面是 A、B 两方案的现金流量图。在其它条件都相
8
同,不考虑通货膨胀和风险因素的情况下,哪个方案较优?(单 位:万元)
8
6 4 2 0 1 2 3 4 0 1 2 3 4 2 4 6
8
12
A 方案
12
B 方案
图 2—2
A、 B 两方案的现金流量图
请思考:(1)不同时点上(第 1 和第 4 年)相同数额的资金(8)在价值上是 否相等? (2)一笔资金的价值,除了与其数额有关,是否还与其他因素有关? (3)发生在不同时点上的资金能否直接相加减?
1.资金等值计算——即利用资金等值的概念,把在一个时点 上发生的资金换算成另一时点上的等值金额的过程。
2.资金等值的影响要素
在不考虑通货膨胀和风险影响的情况下,资金等值的 影响要素是:
(1)资金金额
(2)资金发生的时间 (3)利率(折现率,在这种情况下,利率可以被看作是资金的增殖率)
.
F
3.几个关键术语
F3=13310(元);F4=14641(元);F5=16105(元)
∴在复利利率为10%的情况下,我存入银行的10000元
与5 笔发生在不同时点上的资金等值。
请思考:在10%的复利利率下,为了获得16105元钱, (1)我在5年前应存入多少钱呢? (2)我在4年前应存入多少钱呢
该10000元还可以与:
胀货币贬值所造成损失的补偿。 (3)风险因素的影响,即资金的时间价值中,还包含着因冒一定风险 而投资,所获得的高于平均利润的额外利润,即风险价值。
资金时间价值(或增殖率)的大小是较难恰当地估计的。
但是资金时间价值的计算方法与银行复利计算方法是相同的。
单利、复利和年金的计算(有附表)
单利、复利和年金的计算(有附表)一、单利的终值和现值设定I 为利息;P 为现值;F 为终值;i 为每一利息期的利率(折现率);n 为计算利息的期数。
复利计算的符号标识相同。
按照单利的计算法则,利息的计算公式为I P i n =⨯⨯在计算利息时,除非特别指明,一般给出的利率均为年利率,对于不足一年的利息,以一年等于360天来折算。
单利终值的计算公式如下:(1)F P P i n P i n =+⨯⨯=+⨯ 单利现值的计算与单利终值的计算是互逆的,由终值计算现值的过程称为折现。
单利现值的计算公式为1Fp i n=+⨯ 二、复利的终值和现值(一)复利终值(已知现值P ,求终值F )资金时间价值通常是按复利计算的。
复利不同于单利,它是“利上滚利”,既涉及本金上的利息,也涉及利上所生的利息。
复利终值是指一定量的本金按复利计算若干期后的本利和。
其计算公式如下:(1)n F P i =⨯+ 计息期为二期以上时,复利的终值大于单利的终值,时间越长,相差越大。
单利是随时间的延长而按等差级数增长;复利则是按等比级数增长。
在复利终值的计算公式中,()1ni +表示本金为1元时,n 期的复利终值,称为1元的复利终值系数,也可写成(F /P ,i ,n )。
为了简化运算,在计算复利终值时,可通过查“复利终值系数表”求得。
(二)复利现值(已知终值F ,求现值P )复利现值相当于原始本金,它是指今后某一特定时间收到或付出的一笔款项,按折现率i 所计算的现在时点价值。
其计算公式为/(1)(1)n n P F i F i -=+=⨯+ 式中(1)n i -+通常称作1元的复利现值系数,记作(P/F ,i ,n ),可以直接查阅“复利现值系数表”。
上式也可写作P=F (P/F ,i ,n )。
三、年金(A )除了上述的一次性收付款项之外,在现实经济生活中,还存在一定时期内每次等额收付的系列款项,即年金,通常用A 表示。
由于年金分为普通年金、即付年金、递延年金、永续年金等几种,有关终值和现值的计算方法不一样,下面分别作介绍。
终值系数表
终值系数表一、单利和复利的相关公式推导与运用(一)单利的终值和现值1.终值:本利和——F(已知P、i、n求F)F=P×(1+i×n)2.现值:本金——P(已知F、i、n求P)P=F/(1+i×n)3.单利终值与现值的关系:互为逆运算(二)复利的终值和现值1.终值:本利和——F(已知P、i、n求F)(1)计算F=P(1+i)n次方=P(F/P,i,n)(2)复利终值系数:①(1+i)n次方②(F/P,i,n)复利终值与单利终值的关系:复利终值是对单利终值的连续使用,把某数乘以(1+i)表示计息一期。
2.现值:本金——P (已知F、i、n求P)(1)公式P=F(1+i)-n次方=F(P/F,i,n)(2)复利现值系数:①(1+i)-n次方②(P/F,i,n)复利现值与单利现值的关系:复利现值是对单利现值的连续使用,把某数除以(1+i)表示折现一期。
3.复利终值与复利现值的关系——互为逆运算。
二、年金的相关公式推导与运用(一)普通年金1.普通年金终值和年偿债基金(1)普通年金终值(已知A、i、n求F)①本质:一定时期内每期期末等额系列收付的复利终值之和。
(2)年偿债基金(已知F、i、n求A)①定义:为了在约定的未来某一时点清偿某笔债务或积聚一定数额的资金而必须分次等额形成的存款准备金。
(3)年偿债基金与普通年金终值的关系——互为逆运算。
3.普通年金现值和年资本回收额(1)普通年金现值(已知A、i、n求P)①本质:一定时期内每期期末系列等额收付款项的复利现值之和。
(2)年资本回收额(已知P、i、n求A)①定义:是指在约定的年限内等额回收初始投入资本的金额。
(3)资本回收额与普通年金现值的关系——互为逆运算。
注意:普通年金终值与普通年金现值之间无逆运算关系。
(二)预付年金1.预付年金终值(已知A、i、n求F)2.预付年金现值(已知A、i、n求P)3.预付年金现值与预付年金终值的计算之间无逆运算关系。
复利现值终值系数年金现值终值系数偿债基金投资回收额解读
一、投资回收系数本义:将1元的现值折为收入的年金。
应用:2个不考虑时间价值的指标P142、是否考虑时间价值指标的转换1、回收期=年金现值系数=1/投资回收系数=原始投资额/每年现金净流量;2、会计收益率=投资回收系数=1/回收期=年平均净收益或净流量/原始投资额表义假想题:某投资100万元,市场利率为12%,10年期。
则投资回收系数=1/(P/A,12%,10%)=1/5.6502=17.7%;每年投资回收额=原始投资*投资回收系数=100*17.7%=17.7万;投资回收期为10年(给定,此为考虑时间价值);不考虑时间价值的2指标为:回收期=1/投资回收系数=1/17.7%=5.65%;项目的会计收益率=投资回收系数=17.7%。
★★在其他条件相同下,考虑了时间价值,投资回收期延长!!承上又一题:某项目投资100万元,市场利率12%,不考虑时间价值回收期为5.65年,求考虑时间价值的回收期。
鹰儿:不考虑时间价值回收期=年金现值系数=(P/A,12%,N)=5.65。
解得N=10年。
二、偿债基金系数本义:1元的年金终值折算为每年应支付的年金。
应用:偿债期的确定、是否考虑时间价值指标的转换。
表义假想题:某借款,到期本利和100万元,★银行存款利率为12%,10年期。
则偿债基金系数=1/年金终值系数=1/(S/A,12%,10%)=1/17.549=5.7%;每年需偿付=原始投资*偿债基金系数=100*5.7%=5.7万;偿债期为10年(给定,此为考虑时间价值);不考虑时间价值的2指标为:偿债期=终值/每年现金流出=100/5.7=17.54年;借款的资本成本率=年错款利率(1-T)/(1-筹资费用率)。
相关指标此题未给出,但应知道。
在其他条件相同下,考虑了时间价值,偿债期缩短。
好理解,结合用偿债基金法提折旧。
承上又一题:某借款终值100万元,银行存款利率12%,不考虑时间价值偿债期为17.54年,求考虑时间价值的偿债期。
六个资金等值计算公式
序号 类别 1 2 一 次 支 付 名称 终值计算 现值计算 释义 已知P求F 已知F求P 公式表达式1
F P (1 i ) n
公式表达式2 F = P(F/P,i,n) P = F(P/F,i,n)
系数名称 终值系数 现值系数 等额系列终值系数 或 年金终值系数 等额系列现值系数 或 年金现值系数
(P/A,i,n)
5
资金回收计算
已知P求A
A P
i (1 i ) (1 i )
n
n
1
A = P(A/P,i,n)
等额系列资金回收系数
(A/P,i,n)
6
偿债基金计算
已知F求A
A F
i (1 i ) 1
n
A = F(A/F,i,n)
等额系列偿债基金系数
(பைடு நூலகம்/F,i,n)
说明
互为倒数, 乘积为1的有:
一次支付时 等额支付时
终值计算系数与现值计算系数互逆,即:(F/P,i,n)×(F/P,i,n)= 1 年金现值系数与资金回收系数互逆;年金终值系数与偿债基金系数互逆。 现值:Present Value 年值:Annual Value
终值:F——Future Value
注:单利计息也是考虑了资金的时间价值,只是计息方式与复利法不同。
系数简式 (F/P,i,n) (P/F,i,n)
P F (1 i )
n
3
终值计算
已知A求F
F A
(1 i ) i
n
1
F = A(F/A,i,n)
(F/A,i,n)
4
等 额 支 付
现值计算
已知A求P
2010年【一级建造师】《建设工程经济》培训精讲班讲义+同步练习(吐血精心整理完整版)
2010年【一级建造师】《建设工程经济》培训精讲班讲义+同步练习(吐血精心整理完整版)关于2010年一级建造师考试“建设工程经济”科目的介绍一、本科目考试特点本科目是全国一级建造师执业资格考试四门课中的一门,考试时间2小时,题型为单选题与多选题,题量为单选60个,多选20个,满分100分。
2010年所用教材为第二版的修订版,书中有一些地方稍作变化。
变动最大之处是“工程量清单计价”部分,所用为2008新规范。
本门课程分为4部分:工程经济会计基础与财务管理建设工程估价宏观经济政策及项目融资从本门课以往的考试来讲,对项目经理来讲,本门课难度可以说是较大的,因为许多内容接触不多。
需要大家认真复习。
二、本科目各部分的特点本门课四部分各有特点,决定了在授课时和复习时的方法不同:工程经济——灵活,理解会计基础与财务管理——细致,记忆建设工程估价——熟练,得分宏观经济政策及项目融资——分值少,了解重点所以在本门课的复习过程中的时间分配也不是平均分配的。
一般第一部分要占稍多的时间,第二部分次之,第三部分再次,第四部分最少。
主要精力放在前三部分。
三、历年考点分布2004年 32:34:342005年 33:33:342006年 33:33:342007年 31:33:33:32009年 32:31:34:3具体考点分布将在授课时结合教材内容讲解。
1Z101000 工程经济1Z101010 资金的时间价值1Z101011 掌握利息的计算一、资金时间价值的概念1、资金的价值是随时间变化而变化的,是时间的函数,随时间的推移而增值,其增值的这部分资金就是原有资金的时间价值。
2、资金时间价值的实质是资金作为生产经营要素,在扩大再生产及其流通过程中,资金随时间周转使用的结果。
3、影响资金时间价值的因素很多,其中主要有:•资金的使用时间。
•资金数量的大小。
•资金投入和回收的特点。
•资金周转的速度。
以上四个因素要掌握趋势分析,可以以在银行存钱为例。
全套系列复利系数表
复利系数表保护密码123i=1%年限一次支付一次支付等额系列偿债基金资金回收n/年终值系数现值系数终值系数系数系数(F/P, i, n)(P/F, i, n)(F/A, i, n)(A/F, i, n)(A/P, i, n)1 1.01000.9901 1.0000 1.0000 1.01002 1.02010.9803 2.01000.49750.50753 1.03030.9706 3.03010.33000.34004 1.04060.9610 4.06040.24630.25635 1.05100.9515 5.10100.19600.20606 1.06150.9420 6.15200.16250.17257 1.07120.93277.21350.13860.14868 1.08290.92358.28570.12070.13079 1.09370.91439.36850.10670.116710 1.10460.905310.46220.09560.105611 1.11570.896311.56680.08650.096512 1.12680.887412.68250.07880.088813 1.13810.878713.80930.07240.082414 1.14950.870014.94740.06690.076915 1.16100.861316.09690.06210.072116 1.17260.852817.25790.05790.067917 1.18430.844418.43040.05430.064318 1.19610.836019.61470.05100.061019 1.20810.827720.81090.04810.058120 1.22020.819522.01900.04540.055421 1.23240.811423.23920.04300.053022 1.24470.803424.47160.04090.050923 1.25720.795425.71630.03890.048924 1.26970.787626.97350.03710.047125 1.28240.779828.24320.03540.045426 1.29530.772029.52560.03390.043927 1.30820.764430.82090.03240.042428 1.32130.756832.12910.03110.041129 1.33450.749333.45040.02990.039930 1.34780.741934.78490.02870.0387 i=2%年限一次支付一次支付等额系列偿债基金资金回收n/年终值系数现值系数终值系数系数系数(F/P, i, n)(P/F, i, n)(F/A, i, n)(A/F, i, n)(A/P, i, n)1 1.02000.9804 1.0000 1.0000 1.02002 1.04040.9612 2.02000.49500.51503 1.06120.9423 3.06040.32680.34684 1.08240.9238 4.12160.24260.26265 1.10410.9057 5.20400.19220.21226 1.12620.8880 6.30810.15850.17857 1.14870.87067.43430.13450.15458 1.17170.85358.58300.11650.13659 1.19510.83689.75460.10250.122510 1.21900.820310.94970.09130.111311 1.24340.804312.16870.08220.102212 1.26820.788513.41210.07460.094613 1.29360.773014.68030.06810.088114 1.31950.757915.97390.06260.082615 1.34590.743017.29340.05870.077816 1.37280.728418.63930.05370.073717 1.40020.714220.01210.05000.070018 1.42820.700221.41230.04670.066719 1.45680.686422.84060.04380.063820 1.48590.673024.29740.04120.061221 1.51570.659825.78330.03880.058822 1.54600.646827.29900.03660.056623 1.57690.634228.84500.03470.054724 1.60840.621730.42190.03290.052925 1.64060.609532.03030.03120.051226 1.67340.597633.67090.02970.049727 1.70690.585935.34430.02830.048328 1.74100.574437.05120.02700.047029 1.77580.563138.79220.02580.045830 1.81140.552140.56810.02460.0446 i=3%年限一次支付一次支付等额系列偿债基金资金回收n/年终值系数现值系数终值系数系数系数(F/P, i, n)(P/F, i, n)(F/A, i, n)(A/F, i, n)(A/P, i, n)1 1.03000.9709 1.0000 1.0000 1.03002 1.06090.9426 2.03000.49260.52263 1.09270.9151 3.09090.32350.35354 1.12550.8885 4.18360.23900.26905 1.15930.8626 5.30910.18840.21846 1.19410.8375 6.46840.15460.18467 1.22990.81317.66250.13050.16058 1.26680.78948.89230.11250.14259 1.30480.766410.15910.09840.128410 1.34390.744111.46390.08720.117211 1.38420.722412.80780.07810.108112 1.42580.701414.19200.07050.100513 1.46850.681015.61780.06400.094014 1.51260.661117.08630.05850.088515 1.55800.641918.59890.05380.083816 1.60470.623220.15690.04960.079617 1.65280.605021.76160.04600.076018 1.70240.587423.41440.04270.072719 1.75350.570325.11690.03980.069820 1.80610.553726.87040.03720.067221 1.86030.537528.67650.03490.064922 1.91610.521930.53680.03270.062723 1.97360.506732.45290.03080.060824 2.03280.491934.42650.02900.059025 2.09380.477636.45930.02740.057426 2.15660.463738.55300.02590.055927 2.22130.450240.70960.02460.054628 2.28790.437142.93090.02330.053329 2.35660.424345.21890.02210.052130 2.42730.412047.57540.02100.0510 i=4%年限一次支付一次支付等额系列偿债基金资金回收n/年终值系数现值系数终值系数系数系数(F/P, i, n)(P/F, i, n)(F/A, i, n)(A/F, i, n)(A/P, i, n)1 1.04000.9615 1.0000 1.0000 1.04002 1.08160.9246 2.04000.49020.53023 1.12490.8890 3.12160.32030.36034 1.16990.8548 4.24650.23550.27555 1.21670.8219 5.41630.18460.22466 1.26530.7903 6.63300.15080.19087 1.31590.75997.89830.12660.16668 1.36860.73079.21420.10850.14859 1.42330.702610.58280.09450.134510 1.48020.675612.00610.08330.123311 1.53950.649613.48640.07410.114112 1.60100.624615.02580.06660.106613 1.66510.600616.62680.06010.100114 1.73170.577518.29190.0547.0.094715 1.80090.555320.02360.04990.089916 1.87300.533921.82450.04580.085817 1.94790.513423.69750.04220.082218 2.02580.493625.64540.03900.079019 2.10680.474627.67120.03610.076120 2.19110.456429.77810.03360.073621 2.27880.438831.96920.03130.071322 2.36990.422034.24800.02920.069223 2.46470.405736.61790.02730.067324 2.56330.390139.08260.02560.065625 2.66580.375141.64590.02400.064026 2.77250.360744.31170.02260.062627 2.88340.346847.08420.02120.061228 2.99870.333549.96760.02000.060029 3.11870.320752.96630.01890.058930 3.24340.308356.08490.01780.0578 i=5%年限一次支付一次支付等额系列偿债基金资金回收n/年终值系数现值系数终值系数系数系数(F/P, i, n)(P/F, i, n)(F/A, i, n)(A/F, i, n)(A/P, i, n)1 1.05000.9524 1.0000 1.0000 1.05002 1.10250.9070 2.05000.48780.53783 1.15760.8638 3.15250.31720.36724 1.21550.8227 4.31010.23200.28205 1.27630.7835 5.52560.18100.23106 1.34010.7462 6.80190.14700.19707 1.40710.71078.14200.12280.17288 1.47750.67689.54910.10470.15479 1.55130.644611.02660.09070.140710 1.62890.613912.57790.07950.129511 1.71030.584714.20680.07040.120412 1.79590.556815.91710.06280.112813 1.88560.530317.71300.05650.106514 1.97990.505119.59860.05100.101015 2.07890.481021.57860.04630.096316 2.18290.458123.65750.04230.092317 2.29200.436325.84040.03870.088718 2.40660.415528.13240.03550.085519 2.52700.395730.53900.03270.082720 2.65330.376933.06600.03020.080221 2.78600.358935.71930.02800.078022 2.92530.341838.50520.02600.076023 3.07150.325641.43050.02410.074124 3.22510.310144.50200.02250.072525 3.38640.295347.72710.02100.071026 3.55570.281251.11350.01960.069627 3.73350.267854.66910.01830.068328 3.92010.255158.40260.01710.067129 4.11610.242962.32270.01600.066030 4.32190.231466.43880.01510.0651 i=6%年限一次支付一次支付等额系列偿债基金资金回收n/年终值系数现值系数终值系数系数系数(F/P, i, n)(P/F, i, n)(F/A, i, n)(A/F, i, n)(A/P, i, n)1 1.06000.9434 1.0000 1.0000 1.06002 1.12360.8900 2.06000.48540.54543 1.19100.8396 3.18360.31410.37414 1.26250.7921 4.37460.22860.28865 1.33820.7473 5.63710.17740.23746 1.41850.7050 6.97530.14340.20347 1.50360.66518.39380.11910.17918 1.59380.62749.89750.10100.16109 1.68950.591911.49130.08700.147010 1.79080.558413.18080.07590.135911 1.89830.526814.97160.06680.126812 2.01220.497016.86990.05930.119313 2.13290.468818.88210.05300.113014 2.26090.442321.01510.04760.107615 2.39660.417323.27600.04300.103016 2.54040.393625.67250.03900.099017 2.69280.371428.21290.03540.095418 2.85430.350330.90570.03240.092419 3.02560.330533.76000.02960.089620 3.20710.311836.78560.02720.087221 3.39960.294239.99270.02500.085022 3.60350.277543.39230.02300.083023 3.81970.261846.99580.02130.081324 4.04890.247050.81560.01970.079725 4.29190.233054.86450.01820.078226 4.54940.219859.15640.01690.076927 4.82230.207463.70580.01570.075728 5.11170.195668.52810.01460.074629 5.41840.184673.63980.01360.073630 5.74350.174179.05820.01260.0726 i=7%年限一次支付一次支付等额系列偿债基金资金回收n/年终值系数现值系数终值系数系数系数(F/P, i, n)(P/F, i, n)(F/A, i, n)(A/F, i, n)(A/P, i, n)1 1.07000.9346 1.0000 1.0000 1.07002 1.14490.8734 2.07000.48310.55313 1.22500.8163 3.21490.31110.38114 1.31080.7629 4.43990.22520.29525 1.40260.7130 5.75070.17390.24396 1.50070.66637.15330.13980.20987 1.60580.62278.65400.11560.18568 1.71820.582010.25980.09750.16759 1.83850.543911.97800.08350.153510 1.96720.508313.81640.07240.142411 2.10490.475115.78360.06340.133412 2.25220.444017.88850.05590.125913 2.40980.415020.14060.04970.119714 2.57850.387822.55050.04430.114315 2.75900.362425.12900.03980.109816 2.95220.338727.88810.03590.105917 3.15880.316630.84020.03240.102418 3.37990.295933.99900.02940.099419 3.61650.276537.37900.02680.096820 3.86970.258440.99550.02440.094421 4.14060.241544.86520.02230.092322 4.43040.225749.00570.02040.090423 4.74050.210953.43610.01870.088724 5.07240.197158.17670.01720.087225 5.42740.184263.24900.01580.085826 5.80740.172268.67650.01460.084627 6.21390.160974.48380.01340.083428 6.64880.150480.69770.01240.0824 297.11430.140687.34650.01140.0814 307.61230.131494.46080.01060.0806 i=8%年限一次支付一次支付等额系列偿债基金资金回收n/年终值系数现值系数终值系数系数系数(F/P, i, n)(P/F, i, n)(F/A, i, n)(A/F, i, n)(A/P, i, n)1 1.08000.9259 1.0000 1.0000 1.08002 1.16640.8573 2.08000.48080.56083 1.25970.7938 3.24640.30800.38804 1.36050.7350 4.50610.22190.30195 1.46930.6806 5.86660.17050.25056 1.58690.63027.33590.13630.21637 1.71380.58358.92280.11210.19218 1.85090.540310.63660.09400.17409 1.99900.500212.48760.08010.160110 2.15890.463214.48660.06900.149011 2.33160.428916.64550.06010.140112 2.51820.397118.97710.05270.132713 2.71960.367721.49530.04650.126514 2.93720.340524.21490.04130.121315 3.17220.315227.15210.03680.116816 3.42590.291930.32430.03300.113017 3.70000.270333.75020.02960.109618 3.99600.250237.45020.02670.106719 4.31570.231741.44630.02410.104120 4.66100.214545.76200.02190.101921 5.03380.198750.42290.01980.099822 5.43650.183955.45680.01800.098023 5.87150.170360.89330.01640.096424 6.34120.157766.76480.01500.095025 6.84850.146073.10590.01370.0937267.39640.135279.95440.01250.0925 277.98810.125287.35080.01140.0914 288.62710.115995.33880.01050.0905 299.31730.1073103.96590.00960.0896 3010.06270.0994113.28320.00880.0888 i=9%年限一次支付一次支付等额系列偿债基金资金回收n/年终值系数现值系数终值系数系数系数(F/P, i, n)(P/F, i, n)(F/A, i, n)(A/F, i, n)(A/P, i, n)1 1.09000.9174 1.0000 1.0000 1.09002 1.18810.8417 2.09000.47850.56853 1.29500.7722 3.27810.30510.39514 1.41160.7084 4.57310.21870.30875 1.53860.6499 5.98470.16710.25716 1.67710.59637.52330.13290.22297 1.82800.54709.20040.10870.19878 1.99260.501911.02850.09070.18079 2.17190.460413.02100.07680.166810 2.36740.422415.19290.06580.155811 2.58040.387517.56030.05690.146912 2.81270.355520.14070.04970.139713 3.06580.326222.95340.04360.133614 3.34170.299226.01920.03840.128415 3.64250.274529.36090.03410.124116 3.97030.251933.00340.03030.120317 4.32760.231136.97370.02700.117018 4.71710.212041.30130.02420.114219 5.14170.194546.01850.02170.111720 5.60440.178451.16100.01950.109521 6.10880.163756.76450.01760.107622 6.65860.150262.87330.01590.1059 237.25790.137869.53190.01440.1044 247.91110.126476.78980.01300.1030 258.62310.116084.70090.01180.1018 269.39920.106493.32400.01070.1007 2710.24510.0976102.72310.00970.0997 2811.16710.0895112.96820.00890.0989 2912.17220.0822124.13540.00810.0981 3013.26770.0754136.30750.00730.0973 i=10%年限一次支付一次支付等额系列偿债基金资金回收n/年终值系数现值系数终值系数系数系数(F/P, i, n)(P/F, i, n)(F/A, i, n)(A/F, i, n)(A/P, i, n)1 1.10000.9091 1.0000 1.0000 1.10002 1.21000.8264 2.10000.47620.57623 1.33100.7513 3.31000.30210.40214 1.46410.6830 4.64100.21550.31555 1.61050.6209 6.10510.16380.26386 1.77160.56457.71560.12960.22967 1.94870.51329.48720.10540.20548 2.14360.466511.43590.08740.18749 2.35790.424113.57950.07360.173610 2.59370.385515.93740.06270.162711 2.85310.350518.53120.05400.154012 3.13840.318621.38430.04680.146813 3.45230.289724.52270.04080.140814 3.79750.263327.97500.03570.135715 4.17720.239431.77250.03150.131516 4.59500.217635.94970.02780.127817 5.05450.197840.54470.02470.124718 5.55990.179945.59920.02190.121919 6.11590.163551.15910.01950.119520 6.72750.148657.27500.01750.1175 217.40020.135164.00250.01560.1156 228.14030.122871.40270.01400.1140 238.95430.111779.54300.01260.1126 249.84970.101588.49730.01130.1113 2510.83470.092398.34710.01020.1102 2611.91820.0839109.18180.00920.1092 2713.11000.0763121.09990.00830.1083 2814.42100.0693134.20990.00750.1075 2915.86310.0630148.63090.00670.1067 3017.44940.0573164.49400.00610.1061 i=12%年限一次支付一次支付等额系列偿债基金资金回收n/年终值系数现值系数终值系数系数系数(F/P, i, n)(P/F, i, n)(F/A, i, n)(A/F, i, n)(A/P, i, n)1 1.12000.8929 1.0000 1.0000 1.12002 1.25440.7972 2.12000.47170.59173 1.40490.7118 3.37440.29630.41634 1.57350.6355 4.77930.20920.32925 1.76230.5674 6.35280.15740.27746 1.97380.50668.11520.12320.24327 2.21070.452310.08900.09910.21918 2.47600.403912.29970.08130.20139 2.77310.360614.77570.06770.187710 3.10580.322017.54870.05700.177011 3.47850.287520.65460.04840.168412 3.89600.256724.13310.04140.161413 4.36350.229228.02910.03570.155714 4.88710.204632.39260.03090.150915 5.47360.182737.27970.02680.146816 6.13040.163142.75330.02340.143417 6.86600.145648.88370.02050.1405 187.69000.130055.74970.01790.1379 198.61280.116163.43970.01580.1358 209.64630.103772.05240.01390.1339 2110.80380.092681.69870.01220.1322 2212.10030.082692.50260.01080.1308 2313.55230.0738104.60290.00960.1296 2415.17860.0659118.15520.00850.1285 2517.00010.0588133.33390.00750.1275 2619.04010.0525150.33390.00670.1267 2721.32490.0469169.37400.00590.1259 2823.88390.0419190.69890.00520.1252 2926.74990.0374214.58280.00470.1247 3029.95990.0334241.33270.00410.1241 i=15%年限一次支付一次支付等额系列偿债基金资金回收n/年终值系数现值系数终值系数系数系数(F/P, i, n)(P/F, i, n)(F/A, i, n)(A/F, i, n)(A/P, i, n)1 1.15000.8696 1.0000 1.0000 1.15002 1.32250.7561 2.15000.46510.61513 1.52090.6575 3.47250.28800.43804 1.74900.5718 4.99340.20030.35035 2.01140.4972 6.74240.14830.29836 2.31310.43238.75370.11420.26427 2.66000.375911.06680.09040.24048 3.05900.326913.72680.07290.22299 3.51790.284316.78580.05960.209610 4.04560.247220.30370.04930.199311 4.65240.214924.34930.04110.191112 5.35030.186929.00170.03450.184513 6.15280.162534.35190.02910.1791 147.07570.141340.50470.02470.1747 158.13710.122947.58040.02100.1710 169.35760.106955.71750.01790.1679 1710.76130.092965.07510.01540.1654 1812.37550.080875.83640.01320.1632 1914.23180.070388.21180.01130.1613 2016.36650.0611102.44360.00980.1598 2118.82150.0531118.81010.00840.1584 2221.64470.0462137.63160.00730.1573 2324.89150.0402159.27640.00630.1563 2428.62520.0349184.16780.00540.15542532.91900.0304212.79300.00470.1547 2637.85680.0264245.71200.00410.1541 2743.53530.0230283.568835.00000.1535 2850.06560.0200327.10410.00310.1531 2957.57550.0174377.16970.00270.1527 3066.21180.0151434.74510.00230.1523 i=18%年限一次支付一次支付等额系列偿债基金资金回收n/年终值系数现值系数终值系数系数系数(F/P, i, n)(P/F, i, n)(F/A, i, n)(A/F, i, n)(A/P, i, n)1 1.18000.8475 1.0000 1.0000 1.18002 1.39240.7182 2.18000.45870.63873 1.64300.6086 3.57240.27990.45994 1.93880.5158 5.21540.19170.37175 2.28780.43717.15420.13980.31986 2.69960.37049.44200.10590.28597 3.18550.313912.14150.08240.26248 3.75890.266015.32700.06520.24529 4.43550.225519.08590.05240.232410 5.23380.191123.52130.04250.222511 6.17590.161928.75510.03480.2148 127.28760.137234.93110.02860.2086 138.59940.116342.21870.02370.2037 1410.14720.098550.81800.01970.1997 1511.97370.083560.96530.01640.1964 1614.12900.070872.93900.01370.1937 1716.67220.060087.06800.01150.1915 1819.67330.0508103.74030.00960.1896 1923.21440.0431123.41350.00810.1881 2027.39300.0365146.62800.00680.1868 2132.32380.0309174.02100.00570.1857 2238.14210.0262206.34480.00480.1848 2345.00760.0222244.48680.00410.1841 2453.10900.0188289.49450.00350.1835 2562.66860.0160342.60350.00290.1829 2673.94900.0135405.27210.00250.1825 2787.25980.0115479.22110.00210.1821 28102.96660.0097566.48090.00180.1818 29121.50050.0082669.44750.00150.1815 30143.37060.0070790.94800.00130.1813 i=20%年限一次支付一次支付等额系列偿债基金资金回收n/年终值系数现值系数终值系数系数系数(F/P, i, n)(P/F, i, n)(F/A, i, n)(A/F, i, n)(A/P, i, n) 1 1.20000.8333 1.0000 1.0000 1.20002 1.44000.6944 2.20000.45450.65453 1.72800.5787 3.64000.27470.47474 2.07360.4823 5.36800.18630.38635 2.48830.40197.44160.13440.33446 2.98600.33499.92990.10070.30077 3.58320.279112.91590.07740.27748 4.29980.232616.49910.06060.26069 5.15980.193820.79890.04810.248110 6.19170.161525.95870.03850.2385 117.43010.134632.15040.03110.2311 128.91610.112239.58050.02530.2253 1310.69930.093548.49660.02060.2206 1412.83920.077959.19590.01690.2169 1515.40700.064972.03510.01390.2139 1618.48840.054187.44210.01140.2114 1722.18610.0451105.93060.00940.2094 1826.62330.0376128.11670.00780.2078 1931.94800.0313154.74000.00650.2065 2038.33760.0261186.68800.00540.2054 2146.00510.0217225.02560.00440.2044 2255.20610.0181271.03070.00370.2037 2366.24740.0151326.23690.00310.2031 2479.49680.0126392.48420.00250.2025 2595.39620.0105471.98110.00210.2021 26114.47550.0087567.37730.00180.2018 27137.37060.0073681.85280.00150.2015 28164.84470.0061819.22330.00120.2012 29197.81360.0051984.06800.00100.2010 30237.37630.00421181.88160.00080.2008 i=25%年限一次支付一次支付等额系列偿债基金资金回收n/年终值系数现值系数终值系数系数系数(F/P, i, n)(P/F, i, n)(F/A, i, n)(A/F, i, n)(A/P, i, n)1 1.25000.8000 1.0000 1.0000 1.25002 1.56250.6400 2.25000.44440.69443 1.95310.5120 3.81250.26230.51234 2.44140.4096 5.76560.17340.42345 3.05180.32778.20700.12180.37186 3.81470.262111.25880.08880.33887 4.76840.209715.07350.06630.31638 5.96050.167819.84190.05040.3004 97.45060.134225.80230.03880.2888 109.31320.107433.25290.03010.2801 1111.64150.085942.56610.02350.2735 1214.55190.068754.20770.01840.26841318.18990.055068.75960.01450.2645 1422.73740.044086.94950.01150.2615 1528.42170.0352109.68680.00910.2591 1635.52710.0281138.10850.00720.2572 1744.40890.0225173.63570.00580.2558 1855.51120.0180218.04460.00460.2546 1969.38890.0144273.55580.00370.2537 2086.73620.0115342.94470.00290.2529 21108.42020.0092429.68090.00230.2523 22135.52530.0074538.10110.00190.2519 23169.40660.0059673.62640.00150.2515 24211.75820.0047843.03290.00120.2512 25264.69780.00381054.79120.00090.2509 26330.87220.00301319.48900.00080.2508 27413.59030.00241650.36120.00060.2506 28516.98790.00192063.95150.00050.2505 29646.23490.00152580.93940.00040.2504 30807.79360.00123227.17430.00030.2503 i=30%一次支付一次支付等额系列偿债基金资金回收终值系数现值系数终值系数系数系数(F/P, i, n)(P/F, i, n)(F/A, i, n)(A/F, i, n)(A/P, i, n)年限n/年1 1.30000.7692 1.0000 1.0000 1.30002 1.69000.5918 2.30000.43480.73483 2.19700.4552 3.99000.25060.55064 2.85610.3501 6.18700.16160.46165 3.71290.26939.04310.11060.41066 4.82680.207212.75600.07840.37847 6.27490.159417.58280.05690.356988.15730.122623.85770.04190.3419910.60450.094332.01500.03120.3312 1013.78580.072542.61950.02350.3235 1117.92160.055856.40530.01770.3177 1223.29810.042974.32700.01350.3135 1330.28750.033097.62500.01020.3102 1439.37380.0254127.91250.00780.3078 1551.18590.0195167.28630.00600.3060 1666.54170.0150218.47220.00460.3046 1786.50420.0116285.01390.00350.3035 18112.45540.0089371.51800.00270.3027 19146.19200.0068483.97340.00210.3021 20190.04960.0053630.16550.00160.3016 21247.06450.0040820.21510.00120.3012 22321.18390.00311067.27960.00090.3009 23417.53910.00241388.46350.00070.300724542.80080.00181806.00260.00060.3006 25705.64100.00142348.80330.00040.3004 26917.33330.00113054.44430.00030.3003 271192.53330.00083971.77760.00030.3003 281550.29330.00065164.31090.00020.3002 292015.38130.00056714.60420.00010.3001 302619.99560.00048729.98550.00010.3001 i=40%年限一次支付一次支付等额系列偿债基金资金回收n/年终值系数现值系数终值系数系数系数(F/P, i, n)(P/F, i, n)(F/A, i, n)(A/F, i, n)(A/P, i, n)1 1.40000.7143 1.0000 1.0000 1.40002 1.96000.5102 2.40000.41670.81673 2.74400.3644 4.36000.22940.62944 3.84160.26037.10400.14080.54085 5.37820.185910.94560.09140.4914 67.52950.132816.32380.06130.4613 710.54140.094923.85340.04190.4419 814.75790.067834.39470.02910.4291 920.66100.048449.15260.02030.4203 1028.92550.034669.81370.01430.4143 1140.49570.024798.73910.01010.4101 1256.69390.0176139.23480.00720.4072 1379.37150.0126195.92870.00510.4051 14111.12010.0090275.30020.00360.4036 15155.56810.0064386.42020.00260.4026 16217.79530.0046541.98830.00180.4018 17304.91350.0033759.78370.00130.4013 18426.87890.00231064.69710.00090.4009 19597.63040.00171491.57600.00070.4007 20836.68260.00122089.20640.00050.4005 211171.35560.00092925.88890.00030.4003 221639.89780.00064097.24450.00020.4002 232295.85690.00045737.14230.00020.4002 243214.19970.00038032.99930.00010.4001 254499.87960.000211247.19900.00010.4001 266299.83140.000215747.07850.00010.4001 278819.76400.000122046.90990.00000.4000 2812347.66960.000130866.67390.00000.4000 2917286.73740.000143214.34350.00000.4000 3024201.43240.000060501.08090.00000.4000等额系列现值系数(P/A, i, n)0.99011.97042.94103.90204.85345.79556.72827.65178.56609.471310.367611.255112.133713.003713.865114.717915.562316.398317.226018.045618.857019.660420.455821.243422.023222.795223.559624.316425.065825.8077等额系列现值系数(P/A, i, n)0.98041.94162.88393.80775.60146.47207.32558.16228.98269.786810.575311.348412.106212.849313.577714.291914.992015.678516.351417.011217.658018.292218.913919.523520.121020.706921.281321.844422.3965等额系列现值系数(P/A, i, n)0.97091.91352.82863.71714.57975.41726.23037.01977.78618.53029.25269.954010.635011.296111.937913.166113.753514.323814.877515.415015.936916.443616.935517.413117.876818.327018.764119.188519.6004等额系列现值系数(P/A, i, n)0.96151.88612.77513.62994.45185.24216.00216.73277.43538.11098.76059.38519.985610.563111.118411.652312.165712.659313.133913.590314.029214.451114.856815.247015.622115.982816.663116.983717.2920等额系列现值系数(P/A, i, n)0.95241.85942.72323.54604.32955.07575.78646.46327.10787.72178.30648.86339.39369.898610.379710.837811.274111.689612.085312.462212.821213.163013.488613.798614.093914.375214.643014.898115.141115.3725等额系列现值系数(P/A, i, n)0.94341.83342.67304.21244.91735.58246.20986.80177.36017.88698.38388.85279.29509.712210.1059 10.477310.827611.1581 11.469911.764112.0416 12.3034 12.550412.783413.0032 13.2105 13.4062 13.5907 13.7648等额系列现值系数(P/A, i, n)0.93461.80802.62433.38724.10024.76655.38935.97136.51527.0236 7.49877.94278.3577 8.74559.44669.763210.0591 10.3356 10.594010.835511.0612 11.2722 11.4693 11.6536 11.825811.986712.1371 12.2777 12.4090等额系列现值系数(P/A, i, n)0.92591.78332.57713.31213.99274.62295.20645.74666.24696.71017.1390 7.53617.90388.2442 8.55958.85149.1216 9.3719 9.60369.818110.0168 10.2007 10.3711 10.5288 10.674810.935211.0511 11.1584 11.2578等额系列现值系数(P/A, i, n)0.91741.75912.53133.23973.88974.48595.0330 5.53485.99526.41776.80527.1607 7.48697.78628.0607 8.3126 8.5436 8.75568.95019.1285 9.2922 9.4424 9.5802 9.7066 9.82269.929010.0266 10.1161 10.1983 10.2737等额系列现值系数(P/A, i, n)0.90911.73553.16993.79084.35534.86845.33495.75906.1446 6.49516.81377.1034 7.3667 7.60617.82378.0216 8.2014 8.3649 8.5136 8.6487 8.7715 8.88328.98479.0770 9.1609 9.2372 9.3066 9.3696 9.4269等额系列现值系数(P/A, i, n)0.89291.69012.40183.03733.60484.1114 4.56384.96765.3282 5.65025.93776.1944 6.42356.81096.97407.1196 7.2497 7.3658 7.4694 7.5620 7.6446 7.7184 7.7843 7.8431 7.8957 7.94267.98448.0218 8.0552等额系列现值系数(P/A, i, n)0.86961.62572.28322.85503.35223.78454.1604 4.48734.77165.0188 5.2337 5.4206 5.5831 5.7245 5.84745.95426.0472 6.1280 6.1982 6.2593 6.3125 6.3587 6.3988 6.43386.4906 6.5135 6.5335 6.5509 6.5660等额系列现值系数(P/A, i, n)0.84751.56562.17432.69013.1272 3.49763.81154.0776 4.3030 4.4941 4.6560 4.79324.90955.0081 5.0916 5.1624 5.2223 5.2732 5.3162 5.3527 5.3837 5.4099 5.4321 5.4509 5.4669 5.4804 5.4919 5.5016 5.5098 5.5168等额系列现值系数(P/A, i, n) 0.83332.1065 2.58872.99063.3255 3.60463.83724.0310 4.1925 4.3271 4.4392 4.5327 4.6106 4.6755 4.7296 4.7746 4.8122 4.8435 4.8696 4.8913 4.9094 4.9245 4.9371 4.9476 4.9563 4.9636 4.9697 4.9747 4.9789等额系列现值系数(P/A, i, n)0.80001.44001.95202.3616 2.68932.95143.1611 3.3289 3.4631 3.5705 3.6564 3.72513.8241 3.8593 3.8874 3.9099 3.9279 3.9424 3.9539 3.9631 3.9705 3.9764 3.9811 3.9849 3.9879 3.9903 3.9923 3.9938 3.9950等额系列现值系数(P/A, i, n)0.76921.36091.81612.1662 2.4356 2.6427 2.80212.92473.0190 3.0915 3.1473 3.1903 3.2233 3.2487 3.2682 3.2832 3.2948 3.3037 3.3105 3.3158 3.3198 3.3230 3.32543.3286 3.3297 3.3305 3.3312 3.3317 3.3321等额系列现值系数(P/A, i, n)0.71431.2245 1.58891.84922.0352 2.1680 2.2628 2.3306 2.3790 2.4136 2.4383 2.4559 2.4685 2.4775 2.4839 2.4885 2.4918 2.4941 2.4958 2.4970 2.4979 2.4985 2.4989 2.4992 2.4994 2.4996 2.4997 2.4998 2.4999 2.4999。
工程经济学(第2章)现金流与资金时间价值
24
第二节 资金的时间价值
(2)现值计算(已知F求P)
公式(可由终值公式推导得到)
P F (1 i )
n n
一次支付现值系数 (1 i ) 记号(P/F,i,n) (助记同前) 又称之为:折现系数、贴现系数 P=F(P/F,i,n) 计算现值P的过程叫“折现”或“贴现” 其所使用的利率i常称为折现率、贴现率或收益率。 注意i与n的时间周期一致性 现值系数与终值系数互为倒数 (P/F,i,n)=1/ (F/P,i,n) (可按数学上分式形象理 解) 25
在上面者为待 求项
在下面者为已 知项
23
第二节 资金的时间价值
例2-4(P19)i=8%,n=5,P=10000,求F? 解:可查表查得终值系数进行计算 F=P(F/P,i,n)=10000(F/P,10%,5) =10000*1.6105 =16105 也可直接套用公式计算(考试适用) F=10000*(1+10%)^5 =16105 还可以利用EXCEL提供的财务函数计算 F=FV(10%,5,0,1000)=16105 (此函数各参数在上机操作时解释)
决定利率高低的因素
金融市场上借贷资 本的供求情况 B
社会平均利润 率
A
C
等额偿债基金公式推导
等额偿债基金公式推导在金融领域,等额偿债基金是一种常见的投资方式。
它是指投资者每期按照相等的金额进行投资,以确保每期的投资额都相同。
等额偿债基金的计算涉及到一些复杂的数学公式,本文将从理论角度推导等额偿债基金的公式,以帮助读者更好地理解和应用这种投资方式。
我们定义等额偿债基金的一些基本概念。
假设投资者打算投资一笔金额为P的资金,投资期限为n期,每期的投资额为A。
我们设每期的利率为r,利率在各期间内保持不变。
等额偿债基金的目标是确保在投资期限结束时,每期投资额A都能够覆盖本金和利息的总和。
根据金融数学原理,我们可以推导出等额偿债基金的公式如下:A = P / [1 - (1 + r)^(-n)]其中,A表示每期的投资额,P表示总的投资金额,r表示每期的利率,n表示投资期限。
通过这个公式,我们可以根据给定的总投资金额、利率和投资期限,计算出每期的投资额。
假设第i期的利息为Ii,根据利息的计算公式,可以得出:Ii = (P/n) * r在等额偿债基金中,每期的投资额A要能够覆盖本金和利息的总和,即:A = (P/n) + Ii将Ii的计算公式代入上式,可以得出:A = (P/n) + (P/n) * r整理上式,可以得到:A = P * (1 + r/n)由于每期的投资额A相等,所以我们可以得到:A = P * (1 + r/n) = P / (1 - (1 + r/n)^(-n))根据等额偿债基金的定义,我们可以得到等额偿债基金的公式。
通过等额偿债基金的公式,投资者可以根据自己的投资需求和条件,计算出每期的投资额。
这种投资方式可以使投资者在投资期限内,保持相等的投资额,从而实现更好的资金规划和风险分散。
需要注意的是,等额偿债基金的公式是建立在一些假设条件下的,比如利率在各期间内保持不变。
在实际应用中,投资者还需要考虑其他因素,比如通货膨胀、风险偏好等。
因此,在使用等额偿债基金的公式时,需要结合具体情况进行调整和应用。
年偿债基金系数和年投资回收系数
1.年偿债基金的计算
简单地说,如果是已知年金终值求年金,则属于计算偿债基金问题,即根据普通年金终值公式求解A(反向计算),这个A就是偿债基金。
根据普通年金终值计算公式:
可知:
式中的是普通年金终值系数的倒数,称偿债基金系数,记作(A/F,i,n)。
【提示】(1)偿债基金和普通年金终值互为逆运算;(2)偿债基金系数和普通年金终值系数是互为倒数的关系。
【例·计算题】某人拟在5年后还清10 000元债务,从现在起每年年末等额存入银行一笔款项。
假设银行利率为10%,则每年需存入多少元?
【答案】
A=10000/(F/A,10%,5)=1 638(元)
2.投资年资本回收额的计算
年资本回收额是指在约定年限内等额回收初始投入资本的金额。
年资本回收额的计算实际上是已知普通年金现值P A,求年金A。
计算公式如下:
式中,称为资本回收系数或投资回收系数,记作(A/P,i,n)。
【提示】(1)年资本回收额与普通年金现值互为逆运算;(2)资本回收系数与普通年金现值系数互为倒数。
【例·计算题】某企业借得1 000万元的贷款,在10年内以年利率12%等额偿还,则每年应付的金额为多少?
【答案】
A=1000/(P/A,12%,10)=176.98(万元)。
全套系列复利系数表
全套系列复利系数表复利系数表保护密码123i=1%年限⼀次⽀付⼀次⽀付等额系列偿债基⾦资⾦回收n/年终值系数现值系数终值系数系数系数(F/P, i, n)(P/F, i, n)(F/A, i, n)(A/F, i, n)(A/P, i, n)1 1.01000.9901 1.0000 1.0000 1.01002 1.02010.9803 2.01000.49750.50753 1.03030.9706 3.03010.33000.34004 1.04060.9610 4.06040.24630.25635 1.05100.9515 5.10100.19600.20606 1.06150.9420 6.15200.16250.17257 1.07120.93277.21350.13860.14868 1.08290.92358.28570.12070.13079 1.09370.91439.36850.10670.116710 1.10460.905310.46220.09560.105611 1.11570.896311.56680.08650.096512 1.12680.887412.68250.07880.088813 1.13810.878713.80930.07240.082414 1.14950.870014.94740.06690.076915 1.16100.861316.09690.06210.072116 1.17260.852817.25790.05790.067917 1.18430.844418.43040.05430.064318 1.19610.836019.61470.05100.061019 1.20810.827720.81090.04810.058120 1.22020.819522.01900.04540.055421 1.23240.811423.23920.04300.053022 1.24470.803424.47160.04090.050923 1.25720.795425.71630.03890.048924 1.26970.787626.97350.03710.047125 1.28240.779828.24320.03540.045426 1.29530.772029.52560.03390.043927 1.30820.764430.82090.03240.042429 1.33450.749333.45040.02990.039930 1.34780.741934.78490.02870.0387 i=2%年限⼀次⽀付⼀次⽀付等额系列偿债基⾦资⾦回收n/年终值系数现值系数终值系数系数系数(F/P, i, n)(P/F, i, n)(F/A, i, n)(A/F, i, n)(A/P, i, n)1 1.02000.9804 1.0000 1.0000 1.02002 1.04040.9612 2.02000.49500.51503 1.06120.9423 3.06040.32680.34684 1.08240.9238 4.12160.24260.26265 1.10410.9057 5.20400.19220.21226 1.12620.8880 6.30810.15850.17857 1.14870.87067.43430.13450.15458 1.17170.85358.58300.11650.13659 1.19510.83689.75460.10250.122510 1.21900.820310.94970.09130.111311 1.24340.804312.16870.08220.102212 1.26820.788513.41210.07460.094613 1.29360.773014.68030.06810.088114 1.31950.757915.97390.06260.082615 1.34590.743017.29340.05870.077816 1.37280.728418.63930.05370.073717 1.40020.714220.01210.05000.070018 1.42820.700221.41230.04670.066719 1.45680.686422.84060.04380.063820 1.48590.673024.29740.04120.061221 1.51570.659825.78330.03880.058822 1.54600.646827.29900.03660.056623 1.57690.634228.84500.03470.054724 1.60840.621730.42190.03290.052925 1.64060.609532.03030.03120.051226 1.67340.597633.67090.02970.049727 1.70690.585935.34430.02830.048328 1.74100.574437.05120.02700.047029 1.77580.563138.79220.02580.045830 1.81140.552140.56810.02460.0446 i=3%年限⼀次⽀付⼀次⽀付等额系列偿债基⾦资⾦回收n/年终值系数现值系数终值系数系数系数(F/P, i, n)(P/F, i, n)(F/A, i, n)(A/F, i,1 1.03000.9709 1.0000 1.0000 1.03002 1.06090.9426 2.03000.49260.52263 1.09270.9151 3.09090.32350.35354 1.12550.8885 4.18360.23900.26905 1.15930.8626 5.30910.18840.21846 1.19410.8375 6.46840.15460.18467 1.22990.81317.66250.13050.16058 1.26680.78948.89230.11250.14259 1.30480.766410.15910.09840.128410 1.34390.744111.46390.08720.117211 1.38420.722412.80780.07810.108112 1.42580.701414.19200.07050.100513 1.46850.681015.61780.06400.094014 1.51260.661117.08630.05850.088515 1.55800.641918.59890.05380.083816 1.60470.623220.15690.04960.079617 1.65280.605021.76160.04600.076018 1.70240.587423.41440.04270.072719 1.75350.570325.11690.03980.069820 1.80610.553726.87040.03720.067221 1.86030.537528.67650.03490.064922 1.91610.521930.53680.03270.062723 1.97360.506732.45290.03080.060824 2.03280.491934.42650.02900.059025 2.09380.477636.45930.02740.057426 2.15660.463738.55300.02590.055927 2.22130.450240.70960.02460.054628 2.28790.437142.93090.02330.053329 2.35660.424345.21890.02210.052130 2.42730.412047.57540.02100.0510 i=4%年限⼀次⽀付⼀次⽀付等额系列偿债基⾦资⾦回收n/年终值系数现值系数终值系数系数系数(F/P, i, n)(P/F, i, n)(F/A, i, n)(A/F, i, n)(A/P, i, n)1 1.04000.9615 1.0000 1.0000 1.04003 1.12490.8890 3.12160.32030.36034 1.16990.8548 4.24650.23550.27555 1.21670.8219 5.41630.18460.22466 1.26530.7903 6.63300.15080.19087 1.31590.75997.89830.12660.16668 1.36860.73079.21420.10850.14859 1.42330.702610.58280.09450.134510 1.48020.675612.00610.08330.123311 1.53950.649613.48640.07410.114112 1.60100.624615.02580.06660.106613 1.66510.600616.62680.06010.100114 1.73170.577518.29190.0547.0.094715 1.80090.555320.02360.04990.089916 1.87300.533921.82450.04580.085817 1.94790.513423.69750.04220.082218 2.02580.493625.64540.03900.079019 2.10680.474627.67120.03610.076120 2.19110.456429.77810.03360.073621 2.27880.438831.96920.03130.071322 2.36990.422034.24800.02920.069223 2.46470.405736.61790.02730.067324 2.56330.390139.08260.02560.065625 2.66580.375141.64590.02400.064026 2.77250.360744.31170.02260.062627 2.88340.346847.08420.02120.061228 2.99870.333549.96760.02000.060029 3.11870.320752.96630.01890.058930 3.24340.308356.08490.01780.0578 i=5%年限⼀次⽀付⼀次⽀付等额系列偿债基⾦资⾦回收n/年终值系数现值系数终值系数系数系数(F/P, i, n)(P/F, i, n)(F/A, i, n)(A/F, i, n)(A/P, i, n)1 1.05000.9524 1.0000 1.0000 1.05002 1.10250.9070 2.05000.48780.53783 1.15760.8638 3.15250.31720.36724 1.21550.8227 4.31010.23200.28205 1.27630.7835 5.52560.18100.23107 1.40710.71078.14200.12280.17288 1.47750.67689.54910.10470.15479 1.55130.644611.02660.09070.140710 1.62890.613912.57790.07950.129511 1.71030.584714.20680.07040.120412 1.79590.556815.91710.06280.112813 1.88560.530317.71300.05650.106514 1.97990.505119.59860.05100.101015 2.07890.481021.57860.04630.096316 2.18290.458123.65750.04230.092317 2.29200.436325.84040.03870.088718 2.40660.415528.13240.03550.085519 2.52700.395730.53900.03270.082720 2.65330.376933.06600.03020.080221 2.78600.358935.71930.02800.078022 2.92530.341838.50520.02600.076023 3.07150.325641.43050.02410.074124 3.22510.310144.50200.02250.072525 3.38640.295347.72710.02100.071026 3.55570.281251.11350.01960.069627 3.73350.267854.66910.01830.068328 3.92010.255158.40260.01710.067129 4.11610.242962.32270.01600.066030 4.32190.231466.43880.01510.0651 i=6%年限⼀次⽀付⼀次⽀付等额系列偿债基⾦资⾦回收n/年终值系数现值系数终值系数系数系数(F/P, i, n)(P/F, i, n)(F/A, i, n)(A/F, i, n)(A/P, i, n)1 1.06000.9434 1.0000 1.0000 1.06002 1.12360.8900 2.06000.48540.54543 1.19100.8396 3.18360.31410.37414 1.26250.7921 4.37460.22860.28865 1.33820.7473 5.63710.17740.23746 1.41850.7050 6.97530.14340.20347 1.50360.66518.39380.11910.17918 1.59380.62749.89750.10100.16109 1.68950.591911.49130.08700.147011 1.89830.526814.97160.06680.126812 2.01220.497016.86990.05930.119313 2.13290.468818.88210.05300.113014 2.26090.442321.01510.04760.107615 2.39660.417323.27600.04300.103016 2.54040.393625.67250.03900.099017 2.69280.371428.21290.03540.095418 2.85430.350330.90570.03240.092419 3.02560.330533.76000.02960.089620 3.20710.311836.78560.02720.087221 3.39960.294239.99270.02500.085022 3.60350.277543.39230.02300.083023 3.81970.261846.99580.02130.081324 4.04890.247050.81560.01970.079725 4.29190.233054.86450.01820.078226 4.54940.219859.15640.01690.076927 4.82230.207463.70580.01570.075728 5.11170.195668.52810.01460.074629 5.41840.184673.63980.01360.073630 5.74350.174179.05820.01260.0726 i=7%年限⼀次⽀付⼀次⽀付等额系列偿债基⾦资⾦回收n/年终值系数现值系数终值系数系数系数(F/P, i, n)(P/F, i, n)(F/A, i, n)(A/F, i, n)(A/P, i, n)1 1.07000.9346 1.0000 1.0000 1.07002 1.14490.8734 2.07000.48310.55313 1.22500.8163 3.21490.31110.38114 1.31080.7629 4.43990.22520.29525 1.40260.7130 5.75070.17390.24396 1.50070.66637.15330.13980.20987 1.60580.62278.65400.11560.18568 1.71820.582010.25980.09750.16759 1.83850.543911.97800.08350.153510 1.96720.508313.81640.07240.142411 2.10490.475115.78360.06340.133412 2.25220.444017.88850.05590.125913 2.40980.415020.14060.04970.119715 2.75900.362425.12900.03980.109816 2.95220.338727.88810.03590.105917 3.15880.316630.84020.03240.102418 3.37990.295933.99900.02940.099419 3.61650.276537.37900.02680.096820 3.86970.258440.99550.02440.094421 4.14060.241544.86520.02230.092322 4.43040.225749.00570.02040.090423 4.74050.210953.43610.01870.088724 5.07240.197158.17670.01720.087225 5.42740.184263.24900.01580.085826 5.80740.172268.67650.01460.084627 6.21390.160974.48380.01340.083428 6.64880.150480.69770.01240.0824 297.11430.140687.34650.01140.0814 307.61230.131494.46080.01060.0806 i=8%年限⼀次⽀付⼀次⽀付等额系列偿债基⾦资⾦回收n/年终值系数现值系数终值系数系数系数(F/P, i, n)(P/F, i, n)(F/A, i, n)(A/F, i, n)(A/P, i, n)1 1.08000.9259 1.0000 1.0000 1.08002 1.16640.8573 2.08000.48080.56083 1.25970.7938 3.24640.30800.38804 1.36050.7350 4.50610.22190.30195 1.46930.6806 5.86660.17050.25056 1.58690.63027.33590.13630.21637 1.71380.58358.92280.11210.19218 1.85090.540310.63660.09400.17409 1.99900.500212.48760.08010.160110 2.15890.463214.48660.06900.149011 2.33160.428916.64550.06010.140112 2.51820.397118.97710.05270.132713 2.71960.367721.49530.04650.126514 2.93720.340524.21490.04130.121315 3.17220.315227.15210.03680.116816 3.42590.291930.32430.03300.113017 3.70000.270333.75020.02960.109619 4.31570.231741.44630.02410.104120 4.66100.214545.76200.02190.101921 5.03380.198750.42290.01980.099822 5.43650.183955.45680.01800.098023 5.87150.170360.89330.01640.096424 6.34120.157766.76480.01500.095025 6.84850.146073.10590.01370.0937267.39640.135279.95440.01250.0925 277.98810.125287.35080.01140.0914 288.62710.115995.33880.01050.0905 299.31730.1073103.96590.00960.0896 3010.06270.0994113.28320.00880.0888 i=9%年限⼀次⽀付⼀次⽀付等额系列偿债基⾦资⾦回收n/年终值系数现值系数终值系数系数系数(F/P, i, n)(P/F, i, n)(F/A, i, n)(A/F, i, n)(A/P, i, n)1 1.09000.9174 1.0000 1.0000 1.09002 1.18810.8417 2.09000.47850.56853 1.29500.7722 3.27810.30510.39514 1.41160.7084 4.57310.21870.30875 1.53860.6499 5.98470.16710.25716 1.67710.59637.52330.13290.22297 1.82800.54709.20040.10870.19878 1.99260.501911.02850.09070.18079 2.17190.460413.02100.07680.166810 2.36740.422415.19290.06580.155811 2.58040.387517.56030.05690.146912 2.81270.355520.14070.04970.139713 3.06580.326222.95340.04360.133614 3.34170.299226.01920.03840.128415 3.64250.274529.36090.03410.124116 3.97030.251933.00340.03030.120317 4.32760.231136.97370.02700.117018 4.71710.212041.30130.02420.114219 5.14170.194546.01850.02170.111720 5.60440.178451.16100.01950.109521 6.10880.163756.76450.01760.107622 6.65860.150262.87330.01590.1059 237.25790.137869.53190.01440.1044 247.91110.126476.78980.01300.1030 258.62310.116084.70090.01180.1018 269.39920.106493.32400.01070.1007 2710.24510.0976102.72310.00970.0997 2811.16710.0895112.96820.00890.0989 2912.17220.0822124.13540.00810.0981 3013.26770.0754136.30750.00730.0973 i=10%年限⼀次⽀付⼀次⽀付等额系列偿债基⾦资⾦回收n/年终值系数现值系数终值系数系数系数(F/P, i, n)(P/F, i, n)(F/A, i, n)(A/F, i,1 1.10000.9091 1.0000 1.0000 1.10002 1.21000.8264 2.10000.47620.57623 1.33100.7513 3.31000.30210.40214 1.46410.6830 4.64100.21550.31555 1.61050.6209 6.10510.16380.26386 1.77160.56457.71560.12960.22967 1.94870.51329.48720.10540.20548 2.14360.466511.43590.08740.18749 2.35790.424113.57950.07360.173610 2.59370.385515.93740.06270.162711 2.85310.350518.53120.05400.154012 3.13840.318621.38430.04680.146813 3.45230.289724.52270.04080.140814 3.79750.263327.97500.03570.135715 4.17720.239431.77250.03150.131516 4.59500.217635.94970.02780.127817 5.05450.197840.54470.02470.124718 5.55990.179945.59920.02190.121919 6.11590.163551.15910.01950.119520 6.72750.148657.27500.01750.1175 217.40020.135164.00250.01560.1156 228.14030.122871.40270.01400.1140 238.95430.111779.54300.01260.1126 249.84970.101588.49730.01130.1113 2510.83470.092398.34710.01020.1102 2611.91820.0839109.18180.00920.1092 2713.11000.0763121.09990.00830.1083 2814.42100.0693134.20990.00750.1075 2915.86310.0630148.63090.00670.1067 3017.44940.0573164.49400.00610.1061 i=12%年限⼀次⽀付⼀次⽀付等额系列偿债基⾦资⾦回收n/年终值系数现值系数终值系数系数系数(F/P, i, n)(P/F, i, n)(F/A, i, n)(A/F, i, n)(A/P, i, n)1 1.12000.8929 1.0000 1.0000 1.12002 1.25440.7972 2.12000.47170.59173 1.40490.7118 3.37440.29630.41634 1.57350.6355 4.77930.20920.32925 1.76230.5674 6.35280.15740.27746 1.97380.50668.11520.12320.24327 2.21070.452310.08900.09910.21918 2.47600.403912.29970.08130.20139 2.77310.360614.77570.06770.187710 3.10580.322017.54870.05700.177012 3.89600.256724.13310.04140.161413 4.36350.229228.02910.03570.155714 4.88710.204632.39260.03090.150915 5.47360.182737.27970.02680.146816 6.13040.163142.75330.02340.143417 6.86600.145648.88370.02050.1405 187.69000.130055.74970.01790.1379 198.61280.116163.43970.01580.1358 209.64630.103772.05240.01390.1339 2110.80380.092681.69870.01220.1322 2212.10030.082692.50260.01080.1308 2313.55230.0738104.60290.00960.1296 2415.17860.0659118.15520.00850.1285 2517.00010.0588133.33390.00750.1275 2619.04010.0525150.33390.00670.1267 2721.32490.0469169.37400.00590.1259 2823.88390.0419190.69890.00520.1252 2926.74990.0374214.58280.00470.1247 3029.95990.0334241.33270.00410.1241 i=15%年限⼀次⽀付⼀次⽀付等额系列偿债基⾦资⾦回收n/年终值系数现值系数终值系数系数系数(F/P, i, n)(P/F, i, n)(F/A, i, n)(A/F, i, n)(A/P, i, n)1 1.15000.8696 1.0000 1.0000 1.15002 1.32250.7561 2.15000.46510.61513 1.52090.6575 3.47250.28800.43804 1.74900.5718 4.99340.20030.35035 2.01140.4972 6.74240.14830.29836 2.31310.43238.75370.11420.26427 2.66000.375911.06680.09040.24048 3.05900.326913.72680.07290.22299 3.51790.284316.78580.05960.209610 4.04560.247220.30370.04930.199311 4.65240.214924.34930.04110.191112 5.35030.186929.00170.03450.184513 6.15280.162534.35190.02910.1791 147.07570.141340.50470.02470.1747 158.13710.122947.58040.02100.1710 169.35760.106955.71750.01790.1679 1710.76130.092965.07510.01540.1654 1812.37550.080875.83640.01320.1632 1914.23180.070388.21180.01130.1613 2016.36650.0611102.44360.00980.1598 2118.82150.0531118.81010.00840.1584 2221.64470.0462137.63160.00730.1573 2324.89150.0402159.27640.00630.1563 2428.62520.0349184.16780.00540.1554 2532.91900.0304212.79300.00470.1547 2637.85680.0264245.71200.00410.15412743.53530.0230283.568835.00000.1535 2850.06560.0200327.10410.00310.15312957.57550.0174377.16970.00270.1527 3066.21180.0151434.74510.00230.1523 i=18%年限⼀次⽀付⼀次⽀付等额系列偿债基⾦资⾦回收n/年终值系数现值系数终值系数系数系数(F/P, i, n)(P/F, i, n)(F/A, i, n)(A/F, i, n)(A/P, i, n)1 1.18000.8475 1.0000 1.0000 1.18002 1.39240.7182 2.18000.45870.63873 1.64300.6086 3.57240.27990.45994 1.93880.5158 5.21540.19170.37175 2.28780.43717.15420.13980.31986 2.69960.37049.44200.10590.28598 3.75890.266015.32700.06520.24529 4.43550.225519.08590.05240.232410 5.23380.191123.52130.04250.222511 6.17590.161928.75510.03480.2148 127.28760.137234.93110.02860.2086 138.59940.116342.21870.02370.2037 1410.14720.098550.81800.01970.1997 1511.97370.083560.96530.01640.1964 1614.12900.070872.93900.01370.1937 1716.67220.060087.06800.01150.1915 1819.67330.0508103.74030.00960.1896 1923.21440.0431123.41350.00810.1881 2027.39300.0365146.62800.00680.1868 2132.32380.0309174.02100.00570.1857 2238.14210.0262206.34480.00480.1848 2345.00760.0222244.48680.00410.1841 2453.10900.0188289.49450.00350.1835 2562.66860.0160342.60350.00290.1829 2673.94900.0135405.27210.00250.1825 2787.25980.0115479.22110.00210.182128102.96660.0097566.48090.00180.1818 29121.50050.0082669.44750.00150.181530143.37060.0070790.94800.00130.1813 i=20%年限⼀次⽀付⼀次⽀付等额系列偿债基⾦资⾦回收n/年终值系数现值系数终值系数系数系数(F/P, i, n)(P/F, i, n)(F/A, i, n)(A/F, i, n)(A/P, i, n) 1 1.20000.8333 1.0000 1.0000 1.20002 1.44000.6944 2.20000.45450.65453 1.72800.5787 3.64000.27470.47474 2.07360.4823 5.36800.18630.38635 2.48830.40197.44160.13440.33446 2.98600.33499.92990.10070.30077 3.58320.279112.91590.07740.27748 4.29980.232616.49910.06060.26069 5.15980.193820.79890.04810.248110 6.19170.161525.95870.03850.2385 117.43010.134632.15040.03110.2311 128.91610.112239.58050.02530.2253 1310.69930.093548.49660.02060.2206 1412.83920.077959.19590.01690.2169 1515.40700.064972.03510.01390.2139 1618.48840.054187.44210.01140.2114 1722.18610.0451105.93060.00940.2094 1826.62330.0376128.11670.00780.2078 1931.94800.0313154.74000.00650.2065 2038.33760.0261186.68800.00540.2054 2146.00510.0217225.02560.00440.2044 2255.20610.0181271.03070.00370.2037 2366.24740.0151326.23690.00310.2031 2479.49680.0126392.48420.00250.2025 2595.39620.0105471.98110.00210.2021 26114.47550.0087567.37730.00180.201827137.37060.0073681.85280.00150.2015 28164.84470.0061819.22330.00120.201229197.81360.0051984.06800.00100.2010 30237.37630.00421181.88160.00080.2008 i=25%年限⼀次⽀付⼀次⽀付等额系列偿债基⾦资⾦回收n/年终值系数现值系数终值系数系数系数(F/P, i, n)(P/F, i, n)(F/A, i, n)(A/F, i, n)(A/P, i, n)1 1.25000.8000 1.0000 1.0000 1.25002 1.56250.6400 2.25000.44440.69443 1.95310.5120 3.81250.26230.51234 2.44140.4096 5.76560.17340.42345 3.05180.32778.20700.12180.37186 3.81470.262111.25880.08880.33887 4.76840.209715.07350.06630.31638 5.96050.167819.84190.05040.3004 97.45060.134225.80230.03880.2888 109.31320.107433.25290.03010.2801 1111.64150.085942.56610.02350.2735 1214.55190.068754.20770.01840.26841318.18990.055068.75960.01450.2645 1422.73740.044086.94950.01150.2615 1528.42170.0352109.68680.00910.259123169.40660.0059673.62640.00150.2515 24211.75820.0047843.03290.00120.251225264.69780.00381054.79120.00090.2509 26330.87220.00301319.48900.00080.250827413.59030.00241650.36120.00060.2506 28516.98790.00192063.95150.00050.250529646.23490.00152580.93940.00040.2504 30807.79360.00123227.17430.00030.2503 i=30%⼀次⽀付⼀次⽀付等额系列偿债基⾦资⾦回收终值系数现值系数终值系数系数系数(F/P, i, n)(P/F, i, n)(F/A, i, n)(A/F, i, n)(A/P, i, n)年限n/年1 1.30000.7692 1.0000 1.0000 1.30002 1.69000.5918 2.30000.43480.73483 2.19700.4552 3.99000.25060.55064 2.85610.3501 6.18700.16160.46165 3.71290.26939.04310.11060.41066 4.82680.207212.75600.07840.37847 6.27490.159417.58280.05690.356988.15730.122623.85770.04190.3419910.60450.094332.01500.03120.3312 1013.78580.072542.61950.02350.3235 1117.92160.055856.40530.01770.3177 1223.29810.042974.32700.01350.3135 1330.28750.033097.62500.01020.3102 1439.37380.0254127.91250.00780.3078 1551.18590.0195167.28630.00600.3060 1666.54170.0150218.47220.00460.3046 1786.50420.0116285.01390.00350.3035 18112.45540.0089371.51800.00270.3027 19146.19200.0068483.97340.00210.302120190.04960.0053630.16550.00160.3016 21247.06450.0040820.21510.00120.301222321.18390.00311067.27960.00090.3009 23417.53910.00241388.46350.00070.300724542.80080.00181806.00260.00060.3006 25705.64100.00142348.80330.00040.300426917.33330.00113054.44430.00030.3003 271192.53330.00083971.77760.00030.3003281550.29330.00065164.31090.00020.3002 292015.38130.00056714.60420.00010.3001302619.99560.00048729.98550.00010.3001 i=40%年限⼀次⽀付⼀次⽀付等额系列偿债基⾦资⾦回收n/年终值系数现值系数终值系数系数系数(F/P, i, n)(P/F, i, n)(F/A, i, n)(A/F, i, n)(A/P, i, n)1 1.40000.7143 1.0000 1.0000 1.40002 1.96000.5102 2.40000.41670.81673 2.74400.3644 4.36000.22940.62944 3.84160.26037.10400.14080.54085 5.37820.185910.94560.09140.4914 67.52950.132816.32380.06130.4613 710.54140.094923.85340.04190.4419814.75790.067834.39470.02910.4291 920.66100.048449.15260.02030.4203 1028.92550.034669.81370.01430.4143 1140.49570.024798.73910.01010.4101 1256.69390.0176139.23480.00720.4072 1379.37150.0126195.92870.00510.4051 14111.12010.0090275.30020.00360.4036 15155.56810.0064386.42020.00260.4026 16217.79530.0046541.98830.00180.401817304.91350.0033759.78370.00130.4013 18426.87890.00231064.69710.00090.400919597.63040.00171491.57600.00070.4007 20836.68260.00122089.20640.00050.4005 211171.35560.00092925.88890.00030.40032812347.66960.000130866.67390.00000.4000 2917286.73740.000143214.34350.00000.4000 3024201.43240.000060501.08090.00000.4000等额系列现值系数(P/A, i, n)0.99011.97042.94103.90204.85345.79556.72827.65178.56609.471310.367611.255112.133713.003713.865114.717915.562316.398317.226018.045618.857019.660420.455821.243422.023222.795223.559624.316425.065825.8077等额系列现值系数(P/A, i, n)6.47207.32558.16228.98269.786810.575311.348412.106212.849313.577714.291914.992015.678516.351417.011217.658018.292218.913919.523520.121020.706921.281321.844422.3965等额系列现值系数(P/A, i, n)0.97091.91352.82863.71714.57979.25269.954010.635011.296111.937913.166113.753514.323814.877515.415015.936916.443616.935517.413117.876818.327018.764119.188519.6004等额系列现值系数(P/A, i, n)0.96151.88612.77513.62994.45185.24216.00216.73277.43538.110911.652312.165712.659313.133913.590314.029214.451114.856815.247015.622115.982816.663116.983717.2920等额系列现值系数(P/A, i, n)0.95241.85942.72323.54604.32955.07575.78646.46327.10787.72178.30648.86339.39369.898610.379712.821213.163013.488613.798614.093914.375214.643014.898115.141115.3725等额系列现值系数(P/A, i, n)0.94341.83342.67304.21244.91735.58246.20986.80177.36017.88698.38388.85279.29509.712210.1059 10.477310.827611.1581 11.469911.764112.0416 12.3034 12.5504等额系列现值系数(P/A, i, n)0.93461.80802.62433.38724.10024.76655.38935.97136.51527.0236 7.49877.94278.3577 8.74559.44669.763210.0591 10.3356 10.594010.835511.0612 11.2722 11.4693 11.6536 11.825811.986712.1371 12.2777 12.4090等额系列现值系数(P/A, i, n)0.92591.78332.57713.31213.99274.62295.20645.74666.24696.71017.1390 7.53617.90389.1216 9.3719 9.60369.818110.0168 10.2007 10.3711 10.5288 10.6748。
工程经济计算公式汇总
工程经济计算公式汇总1.利息I=F-P在借贷过程中, 债务人支付给债权人超过原借贷金额的部分确实是利息。
从本质上看利息是由贷款发生利润的一种再分配。
在工程经济研究中,利息常常被看成是资金的一种机会成本。
I—利息F—目前债务人应对(或债权人应收)总金额,即还本付息总额P—原借贷金额,常称本金2.利率i=I t/P×100‰利率确实是在单位时刻内所得利息额与原借贷金额之比, 通常用百分数表示。
用于表示运算利息的时刻单位称为计息周期i—利率I t—单位时刻内所得的利息额P—原借贷金额,常称本金3.单利I t=P×i单所谓单利是指在运算利息时, 仅用最初本金来运算, 而不计人先前计息周期中所累积增加的利息, 即通常所说的" 利不生利" 的计息方法。
I t—代表第t 计息周期的利息额P—代表本金i单—计息周期单利利率而n期末单利本利和F等于本金加上总利息,即:4. F=P+I n=P(1+n×i单)I n代表n 个计息周期所付或所收的单利总利息, 即:5. I n=P×i单×n在以单利计息的情形下,总利息与本金、利率以及计息周期数成正比的关系.6.复利I t=i×F t-1所谓复利是指在运算某一计息周期的利息时,其先前周期上所累积的利息要运算利息,即“利生利”、“利滚利”的计息方式。
I t—代表第t 计息周期的利息额i—计息周期复利利率一次支付又称整存整付,是指所分析系统的现金流量,论是流人或是流出,分别在各时点上只发生一次。
n计息的期数P现值( 即现在的资金价值或本金),资金发生在(或折算为) 某一特定时刻序列起点时的价值F终值(即n 期末的资金值或本利和),资金发生在(或折算为) 某一特定时刻序列终点的价值7.终值运算( 已知P 求F)一次支付n式中(1+i)n 称之为一次支付终值系数, 用(F/P, i, n)表示,又可写成: F=P(F/P, i, n)。
等额支付系列的终值、现值、资金回收和偿债基金计算
等额支付系列的终值、现值、资金回收和偿债基金计算二、等额支付系列的终值、现值、资金回收和偿债基金计算A 年金,发生在 ( 或折算为 ) 某一特定时间序列各计息期末(不包括零期) 的等额资金序列的价值。
1. 终值计算 ( 已知 A, 求 F)等额支付系列现金流量的终值为 :[(1+i)n-1]/i年称为等额支付系列终值系数或年金终值系数 , 用符号(F/A,i,n)表示。
公式又可写成:F=A(F/A,i,n)。
例:若 10 年内,每年末存 1000 元,年利率 8%, 问 10 年末本利和为多少 ?解 : 由公式得:=1000×[(1+8%)10-1]/8%=144872. 偿债基金计算 ( 已知 F, 求 A)偿债基金计算式为:i/ [(1+i)n-1]称为等额支付系列偿债基金系数,用符号(A /F,i,n)表示。
则公式又可写成:A=F(A /F,i,n)例:欲在 5 年终了时获得 10000 元,若每年存款金额相等,年利率为10%, 则每年末需存款多少 ?解 : 由公式 (1Z101013-16) 得:=10000×10%/ [(1+10%)5-1]=1638 元3. 现值计算 ( 已知 A, 求 P)[(1+i)n-1]/i(1+i)n称为等额支付系列现值系数或年金现值系数 , 用符号(P/A,i,n)表示。
公式又可写成: P=A(P/A,i,n)例:如期望 5 年内每年未收回 1000 元,问在利率为 10% 时,开始需一次投资多少 ?解 : 由公式得 :=1000×[(1+10%)5-1]/10%(1+10%)5=3790. 8 元4. 资金回收计算 ( 已知P, 求A)资金回收计算式为 :i(1+i)n/ [(1+i)n-1]称为等额支付系列资金回收系数,用符号(A/P,i,n)表示。
则公式又可写成:A=P(A/P,i,n)例:若投资10000元,每年收回率为 8%, 在10年内收回全部本利,则每年应收回多少 ?解 : 由公式得 :=10000×8%×(1+8%)10/ [(1+8%)10-1]=1490. 3 元例.(2005真题)某施工企业现在对外投资200万元,5年后一次性收回本金和利息,若年基准收益率为8%,则总计可以收回资金( D )万元。
(完整版)等额支付系列的终值
等额支付系列的终值、现值、资金回收和偿债基金计算二、等额支付系列的终值、现值、资金回收和偿债基金计算A 年金,发生在 ( 或折算为 ) 某一特定时间序列各计息期末(不包括零期) 的等额资金序列的价值。
1. 终值计算 ( 已知 A, 求 F)等额支付系列现金流量的终值为 :[(1+i)n-1]/i年称为等额支付系列终值系数或年金终值系数 , 用符号(F/A,i,n)表示。
公式又可写成:F=A(F/A,i,n)。
例:若 10 年内,每年末存 1000 元,年利率 8%, 问 10 年末本利和为多少 ?解 : 由公式得:=1000×[(1+8%)10-1]/8%=144872. 偿债基金计算 ( 已知 F, 求 A)偿债基金计算式为:i/ [(1+i)n-1]称为等额支付系列偿债基金系数,用符号(A /F,i,n)表示。
则公式又可写成:A=F(A /F,i,n)例:欲在 5 年终了时获得 10000 元,若每年存款金额相等,年利率为10%, 则每年末需存款多少 ?解 : 由公式 (1Z101013-16) 得:=10000×10%/ [(1+10%)5-1]=1638 元3. 现值计算 ( 已知 A, 求 P)[(1+i)n-1]/i(1+i)n称为等额支付系列现值系数或年金现值系数 , 用符号(P/A,i,n)表示。
公式又可写成: P=A(P/A,i,n)例:如期望 5 年内每年未收回 1000 元,问在利率为 10% 时,开始需一次投资多少 ?解 : 由公式得 :=1000×[(1+10%)5-1]/10%(1+10%)5=3790. 8 元4. 资金回收计算 ( 已知P, 求A)资金回收计算式为 :i(1+i)n/ [(1+i)n-1]称为等额支付系列资金回收系数,用符号(A/P,i,n)表示。
则公式又可写成:A=P(A/P,i,n)例:若投资10000元,每年收回率为 8%, 在10年内收回全部本利,则每年应收回多少 ?解 : 由公式得 :=10000×8%×(1+8%)10/ [(1+8%)10-1]=1490. 3 元例.(2005真题)某施工企业现在对外投资200万元,5年后一次性收回本金和利息,若年基准收益率为8%,则总计可以收回资金( D )万元。