2020年公共英语三级常见语法:虚拟语气

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PETS3 语法笔记

PETS3 语法笔记

PETS3 语法笔记PETS 语法辅导:虚拟语气16. 虚拟语气1) 概念虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想,所说的是一个条件,不一定是事实,或与事实相反。

2) 在条件句中的应用条件句可分为两类,一类为真实条件句,一类为非真实条件句。

非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况,故采用虚拟语气。

16.1 真实条件句真实条件句用于陈述语气,假设的情况可能发生,其中 if 是如果的意思。

时态关系句型: 条件从句主句一般现在时 shall/will + 动词原形If he comes, he will bring his violin.典型例题The volleyball match will be put off if it ___.A. will rainB. rainsC. rainedD. is rained答案B。

真实条件句主句为将来时,从句用一般现在时。

注意:1) 在真实条件句中,主句不能用be going to表示将来,该用shall, will.(错) If you leave now, you are never going to regret it.(对) If you leave now, you will never regret it.2) 表示真理时,主句谓语动词便不用shall (will) +动词原形,而直接用一般现在时的动词形式。

16.2 非真实条件句1)时态:可以表示过去,现在和将来的情况。

它的基本特点是时态退后。

a. 同现在事实相反的假设。

句型 : 条件从句主句一般过去时 should( would) +动词原形If they were here, they would help you.b. 表示于过去事实相反的假设。

句型: 条件从句主句过去完成时 should(would) have+ 过去分词If she had worked harder, she would have succeeded.The rice would not have been burnt if you had been more careful.If my lawyer had been here last Saturday, he would have prevented me from going.If he had come yesterday, I should / would have told him about it.含义:He did not come yesterday, so I did not tell him about it.If he had not been ill and missed many classes, he would have made greater progress.含义: He was ill and missed many lessons, so he did not make greater progress.c. 表示对将来的假想句型: 条件从句主句一般过去时 should+ 动词原形were+ 不定式 would + 动词原形should+ 动词原形If you succeeded, everything would be all right.If you should succeed, everything would be all right.If you were to succeed, everything would be all right.16.3 混合条件句主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间,这时主,从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同,这叫做混合条件句。

2023年大学英语三级语法知识总结汇总

2023年大学英语三级语法知识总结汇总

三级语法考点归纳一.虚拟语气1.i.句中虚拟形式if 引导的非真实条件句(纯粹假设或发生的也许性不大):条件从句主句与现在相反did (be were) would/ should/ might/ could do与将来相反did (be were) would/ should/ might/ could do与过去相反had done would/ should/ might/ could have done例句If we left (leave) now, we should arrive in time.If they hadn’t gone on vacation, their house wouldn’t have been broken (break) into.2.原形虚拟:a.表命令、决定、规定、建议等词语之后的that-分句中,用动词原形。

suggest, demand, advise, propose, order, arrange, insist, command, require, request, desire …… that +(should) do例如He suggested that we should leave early.My suggestion is that we should tell him.b.I.i.(was.形容词/名词tha.….(should.do/例如It is absolutely essential that all the facts be examined first.3.一些句型中的虚拟形式:1.It’.(high.about.th.first.etc..tim.(that.…动词过去时.例.It’.tim.w.left..例.I.i.tim.w.wen.t.bed.2 would rather/sooner 宁愿as if/ though 仿佛would rather/sooner 谓语用过去时与现在或者将来相反as if/ though 谓语用过去完毕时与过去相反4.练习1..______.tr.i.agai.i.I_______you.A.will.a......B.should.a....C.would.wer...D.would.ha.been2.I.i.______.no.fo.th.water.th.plant._______live.A.were.woul.no..B.is.coul.no...C.were.coul...D.did.coul.not3.I.. ______.tha.chanc.t.sho.m.ability.._______th.presiden.o.thi.school.A.hav.no.had.coul.no.become ..B.ha.no.had.woul.no.hav.becom.C.di.no.have.coul.no.become ..D.doesn’.have.wil.no.become4.H.______.b.tha.burgla.i.yo.______.t.sav.him.A.migh.hav.bee.killed.hadn’.com...B.wil.b.killed.didn’.comeC.ma.b.killed.did’.com.......D.coul.b.killed.haven’.come5.I.i._______fo.you.help.._______tha.har.tim.wit.s.littl.money.A.wer.not.woul.no.spen........B.i.not.ca.no.spendC.ha.no.been.woul.no.hav.spen....D.hav.no.been.wil.no.spend6.Wher.______.yo.g.i.wa._______?A.will.break.ou............B.do.wil.brea.outC.would.wer.t.brea.ou........D.will.i.t.brea.out7.Sh.wishe.sh.______.tha.humiliatin.thing.A.doesn’.d....B.didn’.d.....C.haven’.don..D.hadn’.done8.Th.chairma.suggeste.tha.th.meetin.______.pu.off.A.ca.b.....B.b......C.i.......D.wil.be9.I.i.vita.tha.h.______.immediately.A.shoul.g...B.mus.g....C.goe......D.wen.10.I.i.tim.w._______d.ou.homework.A.begi.t....B.ca.begi.t..C.bega.t....D.wil.begi.to答案:1.选C。

最新整理公共英语三级考试经典语法讲解(5)

最新整理公共英语三级考试经典语法讲解(5)

公共英语三级考试经典语法讲解(5)动词虚拟语气I.要点表示说的话不是事实,或者是不可能发生的情况,而是一种愿望、建议或与事实相反的假设等。

一般常用于正式的书面语中。

1、虚拟语气的构成情景条件从句的谓语动词主句的谓语动词与现在事实相反动词过去式 (b e要用w e r e) s h o u l d +动词原形w o u l d与过去事实相反 h a d+过去分词 s h o u l d+h a v e+过去分词w o u l d与将来事实相反 1、动词过去时2、s h o u l d+动词原形3、w e r e t o+动词原形 s h o u l d+动词原形w o u l d注:如果条件从句谓语动词包含有w e r e或h a d,s h o u l d,c o u l d有时可将i f省去,但要倒装。

如:H a d y o u(I f y o u h a d)i n v i t e d u s,w e w o u l d h a v ec o m e t o y o u r p a r t y.2、虚拟语气在各种从句的应用(1)在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、惋惜、理应如此等,其谓语形式是”s h o u l d(可省)+动词原形”,常用于以下三种句型中。

句型一:I t i s n e c e s s a r y(i m p o r t a n t,n a t u r a l,s t r a n g e,e t c)t h a t…句型二:I t i s a p i t y(a s h a m e,n o w o n d e r,e t c) t h a t…句型三:I t i s s u g g e s t e d(r e q u e s t e d,p r o p o s e d, d e s i r e d,e t c)t h a t…如: I t i s s t r a n g e t h a t h e(s h o u l d)h a v e d o n e t h a t.I t i s a p i t y t h a t h e(s h o u l d)b e s o c a r e l e s s.I t i s r e q u e s t e d t h a t w e (s h o u l d) b e s o c a r e l e s s.(2)在宾语从句中用于s u g g e s t,p r o p o s e,m o v e,i n s i s t,d e s i r e,d e m a n d,r e q u e s t,o r d e r,c o m m a n d 等动词后的宾语从句中,表间接的命令和建议。

最新整理公共英语三级常见语法:虚拟语气

最新整理公共英语三级常见语法:虚拟语气

公共英语三级常见语法:虚拟语气第四节虚拟语气虚拟语气表示与客观事实相反的假设,由i f虚拟条件从句和主句构成。

一、虚拟语气的基本内容根据虚拟与其这种与事实相反的假设所对应的时间不同,虚拟语气的i f虚拟条件从句与主句的谓语动词分别有三类构成形式:假设类型I f虚拟条件从句主句与现在事实相反 D i d/w e r e W o u l d/s h o u l d d o与过去事实相反 H a d d o n e W o u l d/s h o u l d h a v e d o n e与将来事实可能相反 W e r e t o d o/d i d/s h o u l d d oW o u l d/s h o u l d d o例:1、I w o u l d n’t t a l k t h a t w a y i f I w e r e P e t e r.2、I f t h e w h o l e o p e r a t i o n h a d n o t b e e n p l a n n e db e f o r e h a n d,a g r e a t d e a l o f t i m e a n d m o n e yw o u l d h a v e b e e n l o s t3、J e a n d o e s n’t w a n t t o w o r k r i g h t a w a y b e c a u s e s h e t h i n k s t h a t i f s h e w e r e t o g e t a j o b s h e p r o b a b l y w o u l d n’t b e a b l e t o s e e h e r f r i e n d s v e r y o f t e n.4、I w o u l d a s k G e o r g e t o l e n d u s t h e m o n e y i f I k n e w h i m.5、D o y o u t h i n k t h e r e w o u l d b e l e s s c o n f l i c t (战斗、斗争) i n t h e w o r l d i f a l l p e o p l e s p o k e t h e s a m e l a n g u a g e.6、I f B o b h a d c o m e w i t h u s, h e w o u l d h a v e h a d ag o o d t i m e.二、i f的省略形式(又称虚拟语气的倒装结构)在i f虚拟条件从句中,如果谓语部分包含w e r e,s h o u l d,h a d等词,则可以把这些词放到主语前,省略i f,构成虚拟语气的倒装结构。

高考英语语法:常见虚拟语气讲义

高考英语语法:常见虚拟语气讲义

虚拟语气虚拟语气英语中的语气有三种:陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气 其中虚拟语气是指把动作当作一种只存在于讲话人想象中的“假设”或“推测”而不是当作客观事实。

它表达的是怀疑、忧虑、推测、假设、想象和祝愿等。

1、虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的应用2、虚拟语气在其他句式中的应用(1)在“It is desired / suggested / proposed / necessary / important / strange / natural / a pity+that...”句式中,从句中的谓语动词用“(should+)动词原形”结构。

如:It is important that we (should) protect the forest well.(2)表示命今或要求(demand, order, require, command, desire)、建议(suggest, advise, recommend)、坚持(insist)等动词后的从句中谓语动词用“(should+)动词原形”结构。

如:He commands that I (should) arrive at the airport within 30 minutes.My suggestion is that we (should) go to the hospital at once.[注意]当 suggest 表示“暗示,表明”,insist 表示“坚持说”时,它们后面所接的宾语从句用陈述语气。

如:His smile suggested that he did well in the test.(3)动词 wish 后的宾语从句中谓语动词有三种形式:① 当表示与现在事实相反时,谓语动词用动词的过去式(be 用 were); ② 当表示与过去事实相反时,谓语动词用“had+过去分词”或“would/could+have+过去分词”;③ 当表示与将来事实可能相反时,谓语动词用“would/could/should/might+动词原形”;如:wish I had worked harder when I was a student.条件从句谓语动词 主句谓语动词 与现在事实相反did / (be 动词用were) would+could+should+might+动词原形 与过去事实相反had done would+could+should+might+have done 与将来事实相反动词过去式 / should+动词原形 / were to do would+could+should+might+动词原形(4)在as/if/though引导的表语从句或状语从句中,有时可用虚拟语气表示不真实的情况,其谓语动词形式与wish相同。

虚拟语气分三种情况来掌握

虚拟语气分三种情况来掌握

虚拟语气分‎三种情况来‎掌握:1、虚拟条件句‎。

2、名词性虚拟‎语气。

3、虚拟语气的‎其他用语。

一、虚拟条件句‎:条件状语从‎句是非真实‎情况,在这种情况‎下要用虚拟‎语气。

1、条件从句与‎现在事实不‎一致,其句型为:If 主语+过去时,主语+shoul‎d(could‎, would‎,或migh‎t)+动词原形,如:If I were you, I would‎study‎hard.If it raine‎d, I would‎not be here now.2、条件从句与‎过去事实不‎一致,句型为:If 主语+had+过去分词,主语+shoul‎d(could‎, would‎,或migh‎t)+have+过去分词,如:If the docto‎r had come last night‎, the boy would‎have saved‎.If I had not studi‎e d hard, I would‎have faile‎d in the exam last term.3、条件从句与‎将来事实不‎一致,句型为:+do,主语+shoul‎d(could‎…)+原形do过去时(与现在事实‎条件句一样‎)。

If it shoul‎d rain tomor‎r ow, we would‎stay at home.If I were to go to the moon one day, I could‎see it with my own eyes.If you misse‎d the film to night‎, you would‎feel sorry‎.注意问题:1、If条件句‎中绝对不可‎出现“would‎”。

2、根据句中的‎时间状语,有时可能出‎现“混合虚拟”的情况,即主句可能‎是现在的情‎况,条件句也许‎是发生在过‎去的情况,但都是遵守‎上述句型。

3、在条件句中‎如果出现w‎e re, had, shoul‎d可省去i‎f,将主语与这‎些词倒装,例如:Had the docto‎r come last night‎, the boy would‎have saved‎.Were I to go to the moon one day, I would‎see it with my own eyes.Shoul‎d it rain tomor‎r ow, we would‎stay at home.二、名词性虚拟‎语气:在表示命令‎、建议要求、惊叹时的名‎词性从句中‎需用虚拟语‎气,基本句型:主语+(shoul‎d)+动词原形,如:Mothe‎r insis‎t ed that John go to bed at 9 o’clock‎.(宾语从句)We sugge‎s ted that the meeti‎n g shoul‎d not be held.It was requi‎r ed that the crops‎shoul‎d be harve‎s ted at once.(主语从句)The sugge‎s tion‎that he be invit‎e d was rejec‎t ed.(同位语从句‎)That is their‎deman‎d that their‎wages‎be incre‎a sed.(表语从句)注意:在这种句子‎中绝不出现‎“would‎”“must”“could‎”等。

英语三级语法点总结

英语三级语法点总结

虚拟语气用于表语从句、同位语从句

在suggestion, advice, proposal, order, decision, plan,idea,desire等需要 有内涵的名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句 中,要使用虚拟语气。其谓语动词用动词原 形或should +动词原形。例如:
My suggestion is that we should go there at once. What do you think of his proposal that we should put on a play at the English evening? An order has come that no language but German should be taught in the local school.



在虚拟语气中,无论主句中动词是现在时还是过去 时,只要as if/though从句所指的时间与其同时, 都用过去式,若非同时而是较早,或表示已经持续 了若干时间,则用过去完成式。例如: He ordered me about as though I were his wife. I was so happy that I felt as if I had wings and could fly. He looked as if he hadn‟t had a decent meal for a month.

非真实条件句中谓语动词形式
条件从句 与现在事实相反 If sb.+过去式 (be的过去式是 were) 主句 sb.+ would (should, could, might)+动词原 形
与过去事实相反

虚拟语气的三种情况

虚拟语气的三种情况

虚拟语气的三种情况在英语的语法世界中,虚拟语气就像是一个神秘而独特的存在,它为我们表达那些非真实、假设、愿望或与事实相反的情况提供了一种特别的方式。

虚拟语气主要有三种情况,每一种都有其特定的用法和规则。

第一种情况是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。

当我们想要表达一种与现在的实际情况相反的假设或愿望时,就会用到这种虚拟语气。

比如说,如果我是一只鸟,我就能自由飞翔。

但现实是,我不是鸟,也不能自由飞翔。

在这个句子中,“我是一只鸟”就是与现在事实相反的假设,其结构是“if +主语+ were,主语+ would/could/should/might +动词原形”。

这里用“were”而不是“was”,是因为在虚拟语气中,不管主语是单数还是复数,be 动词都用“were”。

再比如,如果我有很多钱,我会买一栋大房子。

但实际情况是我没有很多钱,所以也买不了大房子。

这个句子的结构也是“if +主语+动词过去式(be 动词用 were),主语+ would/could/should/might +动词原形”。

第二种情况是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。

当我们在回顾过去,想象事情如果不是那样发生会怎样时,就会用到这种虚拟语气。

举个例子,如果我昨天认真复习了,我今天就能通过考试。

可事实是昨天我没有认真复习,所以今天也没能通过考试。

在这个句子中,“我昨天认真复习了”是与过去事实相反的假设,其结构是“if +主语+ had +过去分词,主语+ would/could/should/might + have +过去分词”。

又比如,如果他当时听了我的建议,就不会犯那个错误了。

但过去他没有听我的建议,所以犯了错。

这也是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,遵循同样的结构。

第三种情况是与将来事实相反的虚拟语气。

这种情况通常是对未来可能发生但不太可能实现的情况进行假设。

比如,如果明天天下雨,我们就取消旅行。

但实际上明天是否下雨还不确定,只是一种假设。

其结构有两种,一种是“if +主语+ were to +动词原形,主语+would/could/should/might +动词原形”,另一种是“if +主语+ should +动词原形,主语+ would/could/should/might +动词原形”。

虚拟语气讲解pets3

虚拟语气讲解pets3

虚拟语气一、词的语气指我们平常说的说话人说话的口气。

(在英语中,语气除了指语调以外,最主要的是通过动词发生变化而表示不同语气)英语中的语气分为三类:现在式谓语动词用原型(第三人称-s)过去式谓语动词用动词单位过去式将来时谓语动词用will、shall+动词或be going to +v二、虚拟语气1)虚拟语气概念虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想,而不表示客观存在的事实,所说的是一个条件,不一定是事实,或与事实相反。

虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。

虚拟语气常表示条件和结果的状语从句中。

在表示与事实相反的虚拟语气时动词有三种时态:现在时,过去时,将来时。

2)在条件句中的应用条件句可分为两类,一类为真实条件句,一类为非真实条件句。

非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况,故采用虚拟语气。

三、虚拟语气在非真实条件状语从句中的用法1、真实条件状语从句与非真实条件状语从句eg .If he doesn’t hurry up, he will miss the bus. ( 真实条件状语)(不是虚拟语气)If he was free, he would ask me to tell stories. (真实条件状语)(不是虚拟语气)If I were you, I would go at once. (非真实条件状语从句)If there were no air, people would die. (非真实条件状语从句)总结就是四个字:主将从现,主句用将来时,从句用一般现在时。

2、虚拟语气在非真实条件状语从句中的用法及动词形式①表示与现在事实相反的情况eg.If I were you, I would take an umbrella.如果我是你,我会带把伞。

(事实:我不可能是你)If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you. 如果我知道他的电话号码,我就会告诉你。

虚拟语气的用法归纳记忆口诀

虚拟语气的用法归纳记忆口诀

虚拟语气的用法归纳记忆口诀一、虚拟语气的概念和特点虚拟语气是指说话人未表示实际发生事实或观点的一种语气。

它通常用来表达假设、建议、命令等非现实情况或情态。

虚拟语气具有以下几个特点:1. 表示非现实:用于描述与当前事实相反,不真实或假设的情况。

2. 使用条件句:虚拟语气经常与条件句连用,以表示前提条件。

3. 包含主观意愿:虚拟语气用于表达说话人的愿望、建议和感叹等主观态度。

4. 带有主观情态词:在使用虚拟语气时,需要使用带有主观情态词的动词形式。

二、虚拟语气的基本结构和用法在英文中,存在三种常见的虚拟语气形式:过去时的虚拟语气、were to do的虚拟语气和should do的虚拟语气。

1. 过去时的虚拟语气:虚拟条件从句 (If从句) :动词过去式 + would/should/could/might + 动词原形主句 (Then从句) :would/should/could/might + have + 过去分词2. were to do的虚拟语气:虚拟条件从句 (If从句) :if + 主语 + were to + 动词原形主句 (Then从句) :would/should/could/might + 动词原形3. should do的虚拟语气:虚拟条件从句 (If从句) :if + 主语 + should/could/might + 动词原形主句 (Then从句) :would/should/could/might + 动词原形虚拟语气常用于以下情况:1. 假设与非真实情况:用来表达假设、虚构或非现实的情况。

2. 表达建议:用来提出建议或希望对方采取某种行动。

3. 发出命令:用于发出间接或婉转的命令,表示说话人的勉励或要求。

4. 表示愿望和欲望:用于表达个人对特定情况的愿望和欲望。

三、常见虚拟语气的短语动词和习惯用法以下是一些常见的虚拟语气短语动词和习惯用法,我们可以通过记忆口诀来帮助记忆:1. 表示建议的短语动词:(口诀:Will you please give up the idea and let him be?)- suggest:建议- recommend:推荐- advise:劝告- urge:敦促- propose:提议- insist:坚持2. 表示要求的短语动词:(口诀:I demand that he pay his debt.)- request:要求- demand:要求- require:需要- command:命令- order:订单3. 表示愿望的短语动词:(口诀1. Do I wish for a million dollars? 祝你明年变富豪!)(口诀2. If only + 主语 + could + 动词原形,多少 + 意愿– I wish + 句子 (果果特爱游戏。

虚拟语气讲解(整理)

虚拟语气讲解(整理)

(3)虚拟语气在 在主语从句中
A.在句型 “It is important (necessary, strange, natural) that .... ” 中,that 后面的从句中的谓语动词 用: should + 动词原形
1. 我们有必要出去散散步。 It’s necessary that we should have a walk now.
2.用于表示命令、建议、要求等一类词后面的宾语从句。 insist, order, command, suggest, advise, propose, require, request, demand, desire etc.
We suggested that the meeting (should) be put off.
7. It is of the utmost importance that you ______ here on time. a. be b. shall be c. are to be d. must be
三、虚拟语气在其他从句中
1. It is (high / about ) time that…从句中的谓 语动词用过去式或should+动词原形,should 不能省略. It is high time that you went / should go to school.
I would rather you told me the truth. I would rather you had gone there last Sunday.
4. as if ( as though) 看起来 常用虚拟形式,即 表示与现在事实相反,用过去式;与过去事实相反 用过去完成式 (had done).

大学英语三级语法知识总结汇总

大学英语三级语法知识总结汇总

三级语法考点归纳一. 虚拟语气 1. if 句中虚拟形式 if 引导的非真实条件句(纯粹假设或发生的可能性不大) 条件 与现在相反 与将来相反 与过去相反 done 例句 If we left (leave) now, we should arrive in time. If they hadn ' t gone on vacation, their house wouldn 2. 原形虚拟: a. 表命令、决定、要求、建议等词语之后的that-分句中,用动词原形。

suggest, dema nd, advise, propose, order, arran ge, in sist, comma nd, require, request, desire that (should) do 例女口 He suggested that we should leave early. My suggesti on is that we should tell him. b. It is (was)形容词 /名词 that ......... (should) do/ 例女口 It is absolutely essential that all the facts be examined first. 3. 一些句型中的虚拟形式: 1. It ' s (high, about, the first, etc.) time (that)词过去时 … … 例如 It ' s time we left. 2 would rather/so oner as if/ though would rather/sooner 反 as if/ though 4•练习 1. I _______ t ry it agai n if I ______ you. A. will ; am B. should; am would ; had been 2. If it _______ n ot for the water , the pla nts _ A. were ; would not B. is ; could not could not 3. If I school.从句 did (be > were) did (be * were) had done 主句 would/ should/ might/ could do would/ should/ might/ could do would/ should/ might/ could have 't have been broken (break) into.例女口 It is time we went to bed.宁愿 好像 谓语用过去时 与现在或者将来相 谓语用过去完成时 与过去相反 C. would ; were D. live.C. were ;couldD.did ;that chanee to show my ability, I the preside nt of thisB. had not had ; would not havebecome4. He _______by that burglar if you _______ to save him.A. might have been killed ; hadn' t comeB. will be killed ; didn ' t comeC. may be killed ; did ' comeD. could be killed ; have n't come5. If it _______for your help , I ________ that hard time with so little mon ey.A. were not ; would not spe ndC. had not been ; would not have spe nt spe nd6. Where ______ you go if war _______ ?A. will ; breaks outC. would ; were to break out7. She wishes she ______ that humiliati ng thing.A. doesn' t doB. didn ' t do t done 8. The chairma n suggested that the meeti ng _____ put off. A. can be B. beC. is9. It is vital that he _______ immediately. A. should go B. must goC.goes10. It is time we ______ do our homework.A. begi n toB. can beg in toC. bega n to答案: 1. 选C 。

虚拟语气的构成与用法详解

虚拟语气的构成与用法详解

虚拟语气的构成与用法详解虚拟语气是指在表达某种假设、愿望、建议、命令等非真实情况时使用的一种语气形式。

在汉语中,虚拟语气通常通过词语的选择、句子结构和语调等来表示。

虚拟语气的使用增强了表达者对所述情况的主观态度或情感色彩,具有一定的语气语法特点。

一、虚拟语气的构成虚拟语气的构成主要有以下几种形式:1. 动词的虚拟形式在某些动词后跟不定式或用于表达愿望、建议、推测等意思时,动词会采用虚拟形式。

例如:- If I were you, I would study harder.(若我是你,我会更加努力学习。

)- I wish I could play the guitar.(但愿我能弹吉他。

)2. “should + 动词原形”在某些句子中,为了表示一种建议、命令或愿望,可使用“should + 动词原形”来构成虚拟语气。

例如:- It is important that you should arrive on time.(重要的是你应该准时到达。

)- He insisted that she should apologize.(他坚持她应该道歉。

)3. “were to + 动词原形”表示假设情况或对未来的推测,可以使用“were to + 动词原形”来构成虚拟语气。

例如:- If it were to rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.(如果明天下雨,我们会待在家里。

)- Suppose he were to win the lottery, what would he do?(假设他中了彩票,他会怎么办?)二、虚拟语气的用法虚拟语气在英语中常用于以下几种情况:1. 表示假设或假设条件虚拟语气常用于表达与现实相反的假设情况。

例如:- If I had more money, I would travel around the world.(如果我有更多的钱,我会周游世界。

PETS三级听力心得技巧:虚拟语气与条件关系题

PETS三级听力心得技巧:虚拟语气与条件关系题

虚拟语气与条件关系题1、虚拟语气与条件关系如何区分2、条件关系句型都有哪些if, unless, suppose, in case, as long as, with / without3、虚拟语气的句型1)if虚拟句a、表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气,谓语的主要形式为:从句:过去式主句:should / would / could / might + 动词原形b、表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,谓语的主要形式为:从句:had + 过去分词主句:should / would / could / might + have + 过去分词c、表示与将来事实相反的虚拟语气,谓语的主要形式为:从句:过去式主句:should / would / could / might + 动词原形特殊形式:当从句所发生的时间与主句发生的时间不一致时,可以使用错综时间条件句如:一个是与过去事实相反,一个是与现在事实相反If we had left a little earlier, we wouldn't be late.2)If only后的从句,用过去时表示与现在相反,用过去完成时表示与过去相反,也可用情态动词could, would等+ 动词原形,表示对将来的憧憬,如:If only it would stop snowing!3)用as if, as though引导的状语从句中多用虚拟语气,用过去时表示与现在相反,用过去完成时表示与过去相反,如:You look as if you had seen a ghost. 4)在以for fear that, lest, in case引导的目的状语从句中,可以用should + 动词原形表示虚拟,也可以用may或might,如:He is studying hard for fear that he should / might / may fail the exam. 5)wish后面的虚拟宾语从句,用过去时表示与现在相反,用过去完成时表示与过去相反,也可用情态动词could, would等+ 动词原形,表示对将来的憧憬,如:I wish I had been to France.4、虚拟语气与关系推理题答题的要领虚拟语气和条件关系句都是考点句。

2020考研英语体系:虚拟语气的用法

2020考研英语体系:虚拟语气的用法

2020考研英语体系:虚拟语气的用法考研英语有许多题目组成,方便大家及时了解,下面由小编为你精心准备了“2020考研英语体系:虚拟语气的用法”,持续关注本站将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯!2020考研英语体系:虚拟语气的用法多数中国人对虚拟语气的理解是:虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望,是假设的,虚构的,与事实相反的,或者是不太可能的。

这种理解固然是对的,但并不多方面。

在英语中,虚拟语气是个广义的概念,包括好几种句型和结构。

假设,意愿等只是虚拟语气的两个方面。

英汉两种语言表达虚拟语气的方式差异:而在英语中,虚拟语气是经过句子中谓语动词的特殊形式来表示的。

这又一次证明动词在英语中的重要地位,又一次证明要学好英语语法,就要学好英语动词。

由于虚拟语气是经过句子中谓语动词的特殊形式来表示的,因此,掌握虚拟语气中所使用的各种谓语动词形式变化是掌握虚拟语气的关键,这也是虚拟语气的难点。

虚拟语气本身也是英语语法的一个难点。

学习虚拟语气的方法是分别弄通虚拟语气的各种句型和结构,各个击破。

下面对虚拟语气在各种句式中的用法分别介绍。

(一)虚拟语气用于表示假设的条件状语从句,状语从句相当于汉语的“假如…” “要是…”等。

请看一个句子:If she invites me tomorrow, I shall go to the party. 如果她明天邀请我参加聚会,我就去。

这是个带条件从句的主从复合句,是直接的陈述语气,主句谓语动词用将来时,从句谓语动词用现在时代替将来时,表示能实现的动作。

这句话说明说话人认为邀请的可能性较大。

此句的条件是“只要她邀请我”,“去”这一动作就能实现。

请把这句话与下面虚拟语气的带条件从句的主从复合句进行比较:1) If she invited me, I should go to the party. 假如她邀请我参加聚会,我就去。

(说话人认为邀请的可能性较小或不可能。

)这句话主句谓语动词用过去将来时,从句谓语动词用一般过去时,其含义是:She will probably not invite me, so I shall not go to the party. 她很可能不会邀请我参加聚会,所以我不会去。

3A虚拟语气

3A虚拟语气

虚拟语气考点分析语气是用来表示说话者的意图和态度。

英语中主要有陈述语气(indicative mood)、祈使语气(imperative mood)、虚拟语气(subjunctive mood)。

而虚拟语气是高校英语应用能力考试中每年必考的语法项目。

虚拟语气表示所说的话与事实相反或实现可能性很小,或者用来表示愿望、建议、命令等。

其所涉及的语言点比较多,根据历年的考试情况,考试的重点和难点主要是:1.条件从句中的虚拟语气(1) 虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法条件句分为真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。

其中,非真实条件句所表示的假设是不大可能实现的,主句和从句应该用虚拟语气,具体用法如下表:值得一提的是,表示与过去事实相反的非真实条件句,在考试中出现的几率最高,考生需要重点准备。

【真题演练】He might not have been killed in the traffic accident yesterday if he _________ ( fasten ) the seat belt. (2005.6 A级)【句意】要是他系好了安全带,就不会在昨天的那场交通事故中丧生了。

【答案】had fastened【真题演练】_________ he was seriously ill, I wouldn’t have told him the truth. (2005.1 A级)A. If I knewB. If I knowC. Had I knownD. Did I know 【句意】早知道他病得这么厉害,我就不会告诉他真相。

【试题分析】当从句谓语含有had, were或者should时,从句可以省略if,并且句子采用倒装形式,将had,were或should 提前。

正确答案为C。

(2) 虚拟语气在错综时间条件句中的用法所谓错综时间条件句,就是条件从句中的动作和主句的动作发生的时间不一致。

这时,主句和从句的谓语动词应按照各自所指的时间选择相应的虚拟语气形式。

公共英语三级语法学习技巧:虚拟语气

公共英语三级语法学习技巧:虚拟语气

虚拟语气虚拟语气是语言使用中出现的频率比较高的一种语言现象。

同时在各种英语考试中是必考的内容之一。

掌握虚拟语气的关键是要把握它的普通形式的表达和一些特殊形式的表达。

下面以三个经典考题来给予说明。

经典考题1. If the whole operation beforehand, a great deal of time and money would have been lost.A) was not planned B) has not been plannedC) had not been planned D) were not planned2. “You are very selfish. It’s high time you that you are not the most important person in the world,”Tom said to his boss angrily.A) have realized B) should realize C) realize D) realized3. It is essential that these application forms back as early as possible.A) must be sent B) will be sent C) are sent D) be sent考点分析1)普通型虚拟语气即以if引导的主从复合句中的虚拟语气,是虚拟语气谓语动词形式基础,包括与现在事实相反的谓语动词形式,与将来事实相反的谓语动词形式和与过去事实相反的谓语动词形式三种,此三种形式需死记。

从句主句与现在事实相反过去式(be常用were)would/ should/ could/might+动词原形与将来事实相反Should/ wereto+动词原形would/ should/ could/might+动词原形与过去事实相反had+过去分词Would/ should/ could/ mighthave+过去分词解题要诀:切记三种时间的谓语动词形式,特别是与过去事实相反的一类。

PETS三级听力心得技巧:虚拟语气题

PETS三级听力心得技巧:虚拟语气题

虚拟语气题在听力中是重点题型,也是听力几种题型中比较难的一种,因为所有解题都得靠“听”来获取信息,一旦漏听或错听关键词,句子的难度就增大。

听力中的虚拟语气题通常是did 型虚拟式。

下面是常见的听力题中的虚拟形式:1. 与过去情况相反的虚拟语气If + had done; should/would/could/might + have done.e.g. If you had worked hard, you would have got that chance.If Tom had finished the task well, he might have got the honor.2. 与现在情况相反的虚拟语气If + did; would/could/might + 动词原形e.g. If I were you, I would not accept the invitation.If you worked hard, you would pass the exam.3. 与将来情况相反的虚拟语气If+did,should + 动词原形were to + 动词原形; should + 动词原形e.g. If it rained, the sports meeting should be postponed.What should we do if we should fail/were to fail/failed to fulfil the plan in time?4. 倒装结构的虚拟语气省略if,将从句谓语部分的were,had,should 放在句首,构成倒装结构。

这种形式在听力题中挺常见,而且有一定的难度。

e.g. Could he lend us a helping hand, he would do so.Had they started earlier, they could have reached the summit.5. wish, if only, would that, as if 引导的虚拟语气e.g. If only I knew him. ( = I wish I knew him.)I wish I had started to study mathematics years ago.6. 含蓄虚拟句有些虚拟句,没有if, wish 等词,而是利用某些特定的短语来表达虚拟的意思。

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2020年公共英语三级常见语法:虚拟语气第四节虚拟语气
虚拟语气表示与客观事实相反的假设,由if虚拟条件从句和主句构成。

一、虚拟语气的基本内容
根据虚拟与其这种与事实相反的假设所对应的时间不同,虚拟语
气的if虚拟条件从句与主句的谓语动词分别有三类构成形式:
假设类型If虚拟条件从句
主句与现在事实相反 Did/were Would/should do 与过去事实相
反 Had done Would/should have done 与将来事实可能相反 Were to do/did/should do Would/should do
例:1、I wouldn't talk that way if I were Peter.
2、If the whole operation had not been planned before hand, a great deal of time and money
would have been lost
3、Jean doesn't want to work right away because she
thinks that if she were to get a job she probably wouldn’t be able to see her friends very often.
4、I would ask George to lend us the money if I knew him.
5、Do you think there would be less conflict (战斗、斗争) in the world if all people spoke the same language.
6、If Bob had come with us, he would have had a good time.
二、if的省略形式(又称虚拟语气的倒装结构)
在if虚拟条件从句中,如果谓语部分包含were,should,had等词,则能够把这些词放到主语前,省略if,构成虚拟语气的倒装结构。

三、主句与从句时间不一致时虚拟语气的构成
当虚拟语气的if虚拟条件从句和主句的动作发生的时间不一致时,要根据各自表示的时间采用对应的虚拟语气的构成形式。

例:1、If I had attended the meeting yesterday, I would know what happened now.
2、If you had taken our advice at that time, you would
not be in trouble now.
四、主观倾向性动词引导的虚拟语气的构成
在英语中存有一些动词,表示建议、命令、要求等主观的倾向,
由这些动词引导的that宾语从句中,从句的谓语动词要用should+动
词原形,should能够省略。

这类常见的主观倾向性动词有“一坚持、
二命令、三建议、五要求”,分别是:
一坚持:insist 二命令:order、command 三建议:suggest、advise(n advice)、propose(提议、建议) 五要求:ask、demand、require、request、desire
例:1、The doctor advised that Mr. Malan have an
operation right away so as to save his life.
2、His mother insisted that he put on the coat when going out. 同时,如果在题干中出现上面这些主观倾向性动词的名词和形容
词形式,题干中从句部分的谓语动词也要用should+动词原形,should 能够省略。

考试中常见的词汇有:order,command,suggestion,advice,proposal,demand,request,desire,advisable,desirable.
五、wish that和if only引导的虚拟语气的构成
Wish that引导的宾语从句和if only引起的感叹句都用虚拟语气来表示一种没有实现或无法实现的愿望,其中wish that句型往往翻译为:多么希望?;if only表示的愿望较wish that更强烈,常翻译为但愿;要是?就好了。

两者的用法基本相同。

两者的用法是:1、当表示与现在的事实相反的一种愿望时,wish that引导的宾语从句和if only引起的感叹句中谓语动词采用的形式是:did/were;
2、当表示与过去的事实相反的一种愿望时,wish that引导的宾语从句和if only引起的感叹句中谓语动词采用的形式是:had done;
3、当表示未来一时很难实现的一种愿望时,wish that引导的宾语从句和if only引起的感叹句中谓语动词采用的形式是:would do.
六、would rather引导的虚拟语气的构成
Would rather的意思是“宁愿、宁可”其引导的宾语从句(一般省去that)通常用虚拟语气表示一种与事实相反的假设。

我们能够假设A.B是两个人,通过牢记一下句式来记住其用法:
1、A would rather B did sth:表示与现在或将来事实相反的一种假设
2、A would rather B had done sth:表示与过去事实相反的一种假设。

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