英语动词的分类

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主要内容
1. 按功能分类 实义动词、助动词、情态动词和系动词;
2. 按后面是否接宾语 及物动词和不及物动词。
按照句子功能分类
1. 实义动词(说明动作或状态,可独立做谓语) 2. 助动词(必须与实义动词或系动词一起用, 构成各种时态、语态、疑问句和否定句) 3. 情态动词(必须与实义动词一起用) 4. 系动词
主谓 宾
I have milk for breakfast.

I

give

her
som宾e
apples.

She

makes

me
c宾r补y.
疑问句和否定句,有do,does, did, have, will, shall, be
Do
y主ou

like
ap宾ples?

She

doesn't
like
app宾les.


I didn't do
my宾homework
yesterday.

I
have
谓done
m宾y
homework.(时态)

I
must(have to),need, dare, had better, be able to


I can swim.


She may come.



They will bring it tomorrow.



The boys need buy some books.
情态动词要记牢,动词原形来跟梢。 不管人称单复数,现在过去乐逍遥。 can表能力和许可,也许可能may来表; 必须一定must, should应该来报到。 回答不须needn't, mustn't为禁止。 否定只要接not, 疑问赶紧往前跑。
按后面是否接宾语: 及物动词和不及物动词。
不及物动词: come, go, work, run, happen,用于主谓结构。
主谓
I go there every day.
及物动词:后面必须接宾语,如have, eat, drink, like, call, ask, want,
opLeabharlann Baidun等。用于主谓宾、主谓宾宾,主谓宾宾补结构。
系动词
说明主语的状态,性质,特征或身份。表语通常由名词、形容词。 1.be 动词,即am, is, are, was, were
I am a teacher. 2. 感官动词:look, smell, taste, sound, feel 3. “主观判断”类: seem(似乎是),appear(似乎、显得),prove(证明是),
turn out (结果是, 证明是)
He seem to be very friendly with us. 4. “状态变化”类: 表示主语从一种状态变化成另一种状态。
become, turn, grow, go, come, fall, get 5. “状态持续”类:表示主语持续某种状态。 remain(依然),keep(保持),stay(保持),lie (呈…状态,置于), continue(继续、仍旧)等
实义动词
说明动作或状态,可独立做谓语。
have, like, eat, study, read, write, look(看)
主谓
I have
a
宾pen.

I

eat
bre宾ad
and
apples
for
breakfast.

I

study
E宾nglish
every
day.
助动词
必须与实义动词或系动词一起用,构成各种时态、语态、
will

do
my
h宾omework
tomorrow.
My

homework

is
done.(语态)
情态动词
表能力、允许、必要、禁止、意愿、可能等情感或态度的动词。 其后必须接动词原形,大多数无人称和数的变化。
can(could), may( might), will(would),shall(should),
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