猜测词义技巧练习
词义猜测作业练习(含答案)
AAre you afraid of going to the dentist? If so, you' re not alone.These fears could just be in our heads, however. According to a recent survey by Martin Tickle, a professor at Manchester University in the UK, the pain isn't felt most of the time in dental surgeries (牙科手术). In fact. among the 451 interviewed patients, 75% reported no pain at all during their visits including situations when they had their teeth pulled out.Could it be the sound of the drill (钻头)then?“I found that the sound of drilling can evoke deep worry in dental patients. Actually they don't have any pain." Hiroyuki Karibe, a scientist at Nippon Dental University in Tokyo, told the Guardian.To find the reason why a drill might bring on a racing hear, Karibe divided the volunteers into low-fear and high-far groups based on how much they feared a trip to the dentist.Volunteers were played the sound of a drill while their brain activities were watched by a machine.What Karibe found in the low-fear group was increased activity in the areas of the brain relative to auditory processing (听觉处理)，which means, for these people, the sound of dental dills is no different from other sounds.In the high-fear group, however, the brain area that was activated (激活) was different. It was the area that carries out a number of duties, including learning, feelings and, most importantly, memory. This means that these volunteers not only heard the sound, but they remembered it-they made connections between the sound of a dill and the worry it produced inthe past, causing their worry to return.Understanding how brains reply to the sounds of dentists' drills could help scientists find ways to make patients more relaxed, according to Karibe, because patients who worry about going to the dentist might keep putting off their visits. But the best way is to keep your teeth healthy.（）1. According to the fourth paragraph, what does the word "evoke" mean in Chinese?A.减轻B.引起C.显示D.阻止BSince the age of three, Chelsie Hill had dreamed of becoming a dancer. That dream nearly ended one night in 2010. Hill, then a 17-year-old high school girl in Pacific Grove, California, was in a car accident that put her in the hospital for 51 days and left her paralyzed from the waist(腰部) down.For most people, that would have ended any hope of a dancer. For Hill, it was the beginning.“I wanted to show people—and myself—that I was still normal. Whatever normal meant,”she said.Normal meant dancing for her. Hill did in her wheelchair with her high school dance team.“Half of my body was taken away from me, and I have to move it with my hands. It took a lot of learning, and patience.”After graduation, Hill wanted to build her dance network to cover women like her. Hoping to reach more people in a larger city, Hill moved to Los Angeles in 2014 and formed a team of dancers. with disabilities.Dancing on wheels, they discovered, can be just as the same as the foot-based dance. In disabled dance competition around the country, the six-member team danced, waving their heads, giving poses, and moving their wheelchairs. They're having fun, and the audiences' reactions showthey are touchedThat is Hill. Hill has done what many of us never will:her childhood dream.（）2.. The underlined word“paralyzed”in Paragraph 1 means ___ _ in Chinese.A.健康的B.瘫痪的C.悔恨的D.难过的CThis famous poem, with four couplets, was written by Du Fu(712-770, Tang Dynasty). His farming experience taught him to be thankful to nature.The very first word,“go od", shows the poet's joy and love for the spring rain. The rain is good because it“knows" the proper time to come. Here the poet uses personification (拟人手法), as if the rain were smart enough to come in time for the farmer's busy season.When the rain comes, it appears during the night without making any noise. Unlike the summer storms, the spring rain finishes its task without being known.In the third couplet, the poet describes a peaceful scene to us. In the night sky, the clouds look dark and heavy. It's a sign that there will be enough rain during the night. The light from the riverboat makes the dark scene a bit livelier.Lastly, the poet starts to imagine. Tomorrow morning, he thinks, the city will become beautiful when all of the flowers bloom (盛开) after the rain.（）3. What's the Chinese title of the poem Happy Rain on a Spring Night?A.《春望》B.《春夜喜雨》C.《夜雨寄北》D.《春晓》答案:1-3 BBB。
词义猜测题英语练习题
词义猜测题英语练习题在英语学习中，词义猜测题一直是考试中常见的题型之一。
通过判断上下文，我们可以尝试推测生词的意思。
这不仅是提高词汇运用能力的有效方法，也能帮助我们更好地理解文章的内容。
下面将通过一些练习题来帮助大家加深对词义猜测的理解。
练习题1：The dog barked at the strangers passing by, showing its ______ nature.A) friendlyB) aggressiveC) timidD) curious这道题中，我们可以通过观察前文“barked at the strangers passing by”可以得知狗的行为是对陌生人的反应。
我们需要选取一个与“barked”相对应的词，以描述狗的动作和性格。
从四个选项中，可以排除掉A) friendly和D) curious，因为它们都不能描述狗在这一场景中的行为。
剩下的B) aggressive和C) timid都可以用来描述狗的性格，但是通过观察前文，我们可以推测狗在前文中是对陌生人表现出攻击性的反应，因此应选B) aggressive。
练习题2：The new student hesitated before speaking up, showing his ______ in class.A) confidenceB) anxietyC) intelligenceD) curiosity这道题中，我们可以观察到前文“hesitated before speaking up”，可以看出新生在课堂上对于说话有些犹豫。
我们需要选取一个与“hesitated”相对应的词，以描述新生在这一场景中的情感状态。
从四个选项中，可以排除掉C) intelligence和D) curiosity，因为它们都不能描述出新生在这一场景中的情感反应。
剩下的A) confidence和B) anxiety都可以和“hesitated”联系在一起，但是通过观察前文，我们可以推测新生在前文中表现出的是一种不太自信的情绪，因此应选B) anxiety。
初中词义猜测题
初中词义猜测题是中考英语阅读理解中的一种题型，主要
考察学生根据上下文推测生词含义的能力。
下面是一个例子：
题目：在文中“For example, he studies the map and identifies that their location is near the
intersection of two major highways. Then he
calculates that they are 200 miles from the nearest gas station.”这句话中，“intersection”一词最可能的
含义是（）
A. 交叉路口
B. 分叉点
C. 结合点
D. 冲突点
解析：根据上下文可以推测出“intersection”指的是两
条公路相交的地方，因此最可能的含义是“交叉路口”。
选
项B“分叉点”通常是指一个树枝分出其他树枝的地方，与
上下文不符；选项C“结合点”通常是指两个或多个事物结
合在一起的地方，与上下文也不符；选项D“冲突点”通常
是指发生冲突或矛盾的地方，与上下文无关。
因此，正确答
案是A。
解题技巧：
1. 仔细阅读上下文，了解文章的大意和背景。
2. 根据上下文中的线索和提示，推测生词的含义。
3. 注意生词的词性和用法，以及其在句子中的作用和意义。
4. 排除与上下文不符或与常识不符的选项。
5. 最终确定答案时要确保选项符合上下文的逻辑和意义。
第三部分 专题四 词义猜测题(2022高考英语)
" stands for?
8.According to the passage, the underlined word "
三、选项特点
1.正确选项的特点 (1)相应词语的同义词语。 (2)对相应语句的解释、复述或概括。
英语 第三部分：阅读理解
" is known as
.
英语 第三部分：阅读理解
典例1 [2015新课标全国Ⅰ,C]Salvador Dali (1904—1989)was one of the most popular of modern artists. The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings, sculptures, drawings and more. Among the works and masterworks on exhibition the visitor will find the best pieces, most importantly The Persistence of Memory.There is also L'Enigme sans Fin from 1938, works on paper, objects, and projects for stage and screen
题型突破
英语 第三部分：阅读理解
一、题型概述 词义猜测是英语阅读的重要技巧,词义猜测题也是高考中常考的题型。
初中英语阅读理解词义猜测专题
初中英语阅读理解词义猜测专题☆词义猜测题要根据上下文的语境进行合理判断，切忌盲目选择自己认识或熟悉的意思。
也就是要正确理解短文中个别关键词，可利用同义词、近义词及给定义等方法推测词义，甚至在通篇理解的基础上推测并发现所给生词的词义。
这需要有意识地训练并最终具备这种不用字典而通过上下文来认识生词的能力。
技巧：通常，猜测词义题常用下面这八种方法：方法一：构词法根据一部分英语单词的词根，观察词头（前缀）或词尾（后缀）来猜词义。
方法二：根据上下文的意思来猜测As they go around town, the police help people. Sometimes they find lost children. They take the children home. If the police see a fight, they put an end to it right away. In the text, “put an end to” means “______”.A. stopB. cutC. killD. fly方法三：通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词看到“be considered as, refer to, and, or, also”等常连接同义词组的标志词时，可以根据这些标志词前后句的同义词关系猜测出词义。
例题：He is so homely, not as handsome as his brother.根据not...handsome我们不难推测出homely的意思，即“不好看的、不漂亮的”意思。
方法四：因果关系法看到“ because，as，since，for，so，as a result, so, so … that, such … that 等表示前因后果关系的关联词时，根据因果关系判断出词义。
方法五：对比转折关系法看到“but, however, instead of , unlike, yet, although …”表示转折关系的关联词时，根据转折关系猜出词义。
高中英语阅读理解技巧之词义猜测题
√C. Strong D. interesting
What skills have we learnt?
1.通过对比和比较找出反义词，近义词 来猜测词义（synonym，antonym）
脆的
4.定义法
解题技巧四：
根据 定义（definition）来猜 测词义
常用提示词：that is，be defined as, be known as , be called, mean 等.
skill4
1.) The young man was bashful that he did not dare to speak to the pretty girl.
英语阅读理解技巧之 词义猜测题
（word-guessing）
Lead-in(导入)
词义猜测题常用的提问方式有：
1）The underlined word / phrase in the passage means ____．
2）The word "it / them"in the first paragraph refers to ____．
2.根据因果关系猜测词义（cause and effect）
3.根据 定义来猜测词义（definition）
4.根据 构词法：前缀、后缀来猜测词义
5.根据 列举的事例来猜测词义 （example）
6.通过上下文语境来猜测词义（context）
1. When Andrea Peterson did her first teaching job, she faced the daunting task of creating a music program with almost no money for equipment or supplies .
猜测词义技巧(三)：根据构词法猜测词义-初中同步八年级英语阅读写作技能训练
阅读进阶 Graded reading上一期，我们学习了根据“同位、对比或因果关系”来猜测词义的技巧。
本期，我们将研究根据“构词法”来猜测词义。
猜测词义技巧（三）：根据构词法猜测词义英语中有大量的单词是通过合成或加前缀、后缀形成的，因此运用构词法来判断生词的意思是一种十分快速且有效的阅读技巧。
请阅读下面几个句子，并根据构词法猜测其中划线词的词义。
1. The colors of Hawaii in Summer are unforgettable.A. 淡忘的B. 清晰的C. 难忘的D. 高兴的2. I think Lisa must have misunderstood my idea.A. 领会B. 接受C. 怀疑D. 误解3. Could you retell the story now? You have read it three times.A. 编造B. 复述C. 写下D. 修改4. If you want to try some new ideas, please tell me beforehand.A. 事先B. 事后C. 严肃地D. 书面地5. Why don’t you make some interesting videos and upload them to the Internet?A. 下载B. 贩卖C. 上传D. 借阅【答案及解析】1. C。
前缀un-意思是“不”，表否定含义；后缀-able一般是形容词的标志；又根据词根forget可知，unforgettable的意思是“难忘的”。
2. D。
前缀mis-也表示否定含义，根据词根understand可知，misunderstand的意思是“误解”。
3. B。
前缀re-的意思是“重复，再一”，词根tell的意思是“讲述”，故retell的意思是“复述”。
4. A。
beforehand是由介词before和名词hand构成的合成词，根据这两个词的原本含义可直译为“在手前”，引申为“事先”。
词义猜测方法及练习
高考复习之词义猜测任何一个单词，只有在一定的上下文中才能表示一个确定的词义。
NMET阅读理解中猜测词义的考查内容既可以是文中的生词，也可以是熟词新义、短语或句子。
但都要求考生根据上下文线索(即具体语境)作出推断。
常见的题干有：1) Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the word？2) The word... could best be replaced by.3) In the... paragraph, the word... means (refers to).4) According to the passage,... probably means.5) The author uses the word... to mean.猜测词义时，一般可利用以下四个方面的线索：一、针对性解释是作者为了更好的表达思想，在文章中对一些重要的概念、难懂的术语或高深的词汇等所做的通俗化的解释。
这些解释提供的信息明确具体，所使用的语言通俗易懂，利用它们来猜测词义就非常简单。
1.根据定义（definition）猜测词义如果生词有一个句子（定语从句或是同位语<同位语前常有or, similarly, that is to say, in other words, namely, or other, say. 等>或是同位语从句）或段落来定义,或使用破折号，冒号，分号后的内容和引号括号中的内容加以解释和定义，那么理解这个句子或段落本身就是推断词义。
定义常用的谓语动词多为：be, mean, deal with, be considered, to be, be called, define, represent, refer to, signify 等。
例1.Do you know what a “territory”is ? A territory is an area that an animal ,usually the male, claims （声称）as its own.[分析]由定义可推知，这里territory指的是：“动物的地盘”。
猜测词义的技巧
猜测词义的技巧一、根据上下文解释进行猜测有时短文中出现一个需要猜测其意义的词或短语，下面接着出现其定义或解释，这就是判断该词或短语意义的主要依据。
如：1.(NMET2002，B篇) 62. What’s the meaning of“the organic trend”as the words are used in the text?A. growing interest in organic foodB. better quality of organic foodC. rising market for organic foodD. higher prices of organic foodGold is one of a growing number of shoppers buying into the organic trend，and supermarkets across Britain are counting on more like him as they grow their organic food business.由此可知，越来越多的人购买organic food，所以全英国的超市才增加了organic food business，以期望有像Gold这样的人前来购买。
因此，“the organic trend”就是指购买organic food这样一种流行趋势，所以，此题答案为A。
2.（NMET2001，A篇）56. the words“deluxe sedans”，“minivans”and“station wagons”used in the text refer to _________.A. cars in the makingB. car rental firmsC. cars for rentD. car makersShanghai Bashi Tourism Car Rental Center offers a wide variety of choices—deluxe sedans，minivans，station wagons，coaches. Santana sedans are the big favorite.由此可知，car rental center是出租车公司，所以，这里应选择的只能是cars for rent（出租）。
词义猜测题解题技巧
词义猜测题解题技巧词义猜测题是中考英语阅读理解题中必考题之一，主要考查同学们语篇分析、逻辑推理等综合能力。
解题时，同学们要注意把握技巧，根据上下文逻辑关系、标点符号、构词规则等，准确猜测生词词义。
一、词义猜测类题目常见的设问方式：1.The word"..."refers to/probably means_____.2.The underlined word "..." could best be replaced by_.3.What does the expression"..."stand for?4.By saying"..."we mean____.5."..."as used in the passage can best be defined as___——·6.Which of the following words can take the place of the word"..."?二、词义猜测题是指利用语境（上下文）推测、判断某些生词词义的题。
在近几年的高考阅读试题中词义猜测题的考查力度逐步加大。
词义猜测是一项阅读技巧，主要考查考生根据上下文推断单词意思的能力。
因此，所考单词的意义通常超出大纲范围——超纲词义含义推断、熟词生义或熟词在特定语境中的意思。
词义猜测题常考查对句中关键性词语（实词、短语、指代关系等）的理解。
三、【解题流程】“一原则”、“二关注”速解词义猜测题一原则结合上下文词义猜测题所提问的单词、词组或句子一般都是考生不认识的，即使认识，正确答案也未必是熟悉的含义。
这种题目目的就是希望考生能结合上下文，来理解不认识的单词、词组或句子。
二关注关注并列转折部分这是做词义猜测题的一大利器。
因为由并列转折连接的两部分会存在语义含义和成分的对应。
阅读专项(词义猜测)
猜测指代类
• 解题技巧：
就近原则
1. 向上（有时向下）搜索，找最近的名词 、代词、短语或句子
2. 将找到的词、词组或句子替换该指代词 ，看其意思、逻辑关系是否通顺，确定 最佳答案。
猜测指代类 The underlined word “it” in the second paragraph refers to _______.
• 解题技巧：
1. 如何猜测词义？ （1）构词法
•解题技巧：
上下文：关注上下文的逻辑关系
题目
正确 解题方法
答案
P2（2）
C
P5 例2
C
P8 例7
A
卷（六）30 C
词义猜测题四大类型
猜测词义类
What does the underlined word “sever” mean? 猜测短语类
What does “cutting edge” refer to? 猜测句意类
What is closest in meaning to the underlined sentence?
example
猜测短语类
• 解题技巧： 1. 分析短语的意思 2. 结合语境合理推断 短语猜测题的干扰项一般有哪些情况？ 1. 短语的字面意思 2. 文中出现的与猜测无关的内容 3. 命题人凭空杜撰的内容
猜测句意类
• 解题技巧： 1. 对原句进行语法和逻辑关系的准确分析，
理解句子的字面含义 2. 结合句子前后的语境进行合理的推断
因果法 定义法 例举法 近义法
• 解题技巧：
1. 如何猜测词义？ （1）构词法 （2）上下文：可关注上下文的逻辑关系 定义法：同位语（从句）,定语从句，破折号 同义近义法：that is (to) say, in other words, namely,
高考英语词义猜测题解题技巧
高考英语词义猜测题解题技巧一、代词指代题1.解题步骤2.解题指导向上搜索时，先从上文最近点开始找，找不到再找次近的，一般答案不会离得太远，答案一定是代指上文最近的某个名词或短语。
[示例1]Jo Usmar is a writer for Cosmopolitan and co-author of the This Book Will series (系列) of lifestyle books.Here she picks her top reads.MatildaRoald DahlI once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tales on Roald Dahl’s writing and it gave me a new appreciation for his strange and delightful worlds.Matilda’s battles with her cruel parents and the bossy headmistress, Miss Trunchbull, are equally funny an d frightening, but they’re also aspirational.21.Who does “I” refer to in the text?A.Stephen King.B.Gillian Flynn.C.Jo Usmar.D.Roald Dahl.分析：Step 1返回原文→找出出题的指代词I。
Step 2向上搜索→找最近的句子(Here she picks her top reads.)，其中she指代Jo Usmar。
Step 3 带入原文→将找到的句子的意思代入替换代词I。
Step 4确定答案→选C。
二、词汇猜测题词汇猜测题不是考查考生的词汇量，而是要求考生根据上下文中的已知信息对单词或词组的具体语义进行合理推测。
阅读理解词义猜测题的技巧
How to guess the meaning of words?
1.近义词，and , or , such as, like, for example, for instance 2.转折或对比关系 but，however，while，rather than, on the contrary 3.同位或解释关系以及描述 is，means，or...；that is， that is to say；in other words，to put it another way； be called，...is/are known as (被称为)，...can be defined as 4.因果关系 because，as，since，for，so，thus，as a result，of course，therefore, so … that, such … that 5.列举的实例 such as，for example， for instance，like 6.并列同类
(1)But sometimes，no rain falls for a long，long time. Then there is a dry period，that is drought． (2)It will be very hard but also very brittle—that is，it will break easily.
it can swim in the icy water to catch the fish.
penguin，企
4．根据因果关系推测。
通过因果关系猜词，如because，as，since，for，so，thus， as a result，of course，therefore, so … that, such … that等表示
阅读技巧词义猜测题练习题及
阅读技巧词义猜测题练习题及解析。
阅读技巧词义猜测题练习题及解析在阅读理解中，词义猜测题是考察学生对词汇的理解和推断能力的重要题型之一。
这类题目要求学生通过上下文的线索来猜测生词或难词的意思。
本篇文章将为大家提供一些词义猜测题的练习题及解析，帮助大家提高阅读理解能力和词汇运用能力。
练习题1:The teacher's explanation was so abstruse that most students couldn't understand it.根据上下文线索，我们可以推测abstruse的意思是：A. 简单的B. 复杂的C. 有趣的D. 无聊的解析：根据句子的描述，学生们无法理解老师的解释，因此我们可以推测abstruse的意思是“复杂的”(B)。
练习题2:The music performance was so captivating that the audience was entranced.根据上下文线索，我们可以推测captivating的意思是：A. 乏味的B. 平淡的C. 吸引人的D. 无趣的解析：根据句子描述，音乐表演非常吸引人，观众也被它迷住了，因此我们可以推测captivating的意思是“吸引人的”(C)。
练习题3:The hikers were thrilled when they reached the summit of the mountain.根据上下文线索，我们可以推测thrilled的意思是：A. 害怕的B. 高兴的C. 受惊吓的D. 失望的解析：根据句子描述，当登上山顶时，徒步旅行者们感到非常兴奋，因此我们可以推测thrilled的意思是“高兴的”(B)。
练习题4:The new employee's lackadaisical attitude towards work made his colleagues unhappy.根据上下文线索，我们可以推测lackadaisical的意思是：A. 积极的B. 懒散的C. 无聊的D. 关心的解析：根据句子描述，新员工对工作的态度懒散，使得他的同事们不开心，因此我们可以推测lackadaisical的意思是“懒散的”(B)。
阅读理解：词义猜测题 专练(含答案+解析)
阅读理解：词义猜测题专练---肇庆学院外国语学院周加林老师编写❖根据上下文推测划线单词或短语的词义。
1. Plankton means a mass of tiny animals and plants that live in the surface layer of the sea.► The word “plankton” means____________.A. 海草B. 浮游生物C. 贝类D. 海水鱼2. A starfish is known as a flat, star-shaped creature, usually with five arms, that lives in the sea.► The word “starfish” means____________.A. 海星B. 海参C. 珊瑚D. 水母3. Anthropology is the scientific study of people, society, and culture.► What does the underlined word “anthropology” mean in Chinese? /ˌænθrəˈpɒlədʒi/A. 易经B. 人类学C. 哲学D. 社会学4. Will online education supersede, or replace, traditional education?► What does the underlined word “supersede” mean in Chinese?A. 超越B. 取代C. 不及D. 追赶5. An e-pal is someone you write e-mails to.► What does the underlined word “e-pal” mean in Chinese?A. 电子邮件B. 电子宠物狗C. 网瘾少年D. 电子朋友；网友6. In stories and legends, a unicorn is an imaginary animal that looks like a white horse with a long straight horn on its forehead.►What does the underlined word “unicorn” mean in Chinese?A. 龙B. 九尾狐C. 独角兽D. 仙鹤7. You must retire early as you have to catch the early train tomorrow.► What does the underlined word “retire” mean in Chinese?A. 睡觉B. 警惕C. 想起D. 观察8. He was hurt in a hit-and-run accident —the guilty driver got away without stopping to help.► The compound word “hit-and-run”means____________.A. 醉驾B. 车超重C. 失控D. 肇事逃逸的9. There was a terrible heavy snow last night. In the early morning, snow and ice made the road impassable.► The word “impassable” means____________.A. 可通行的B. 不能通行的C. 不可能的D. 不平衡的10. Red flags stand out brightly against the blue sky.► What does the underlined phrase “stand out” mean in Chinese?A. 站出来B. 飞C. 显眼D. 跳跃11. Net-addicted children showed apathy—a lack of interest ━toward learning.►The underlined word “apathy” probably means ____________ in this sentence.A. 着迷B. 极感兴趣C. 缺乏兴趣D. 兴奋12. At last, on the Friday morning, I was turned out, that is to say, I was driven away.► The phrase “turn out” means____________ in this sentence.A. 驱逐B. 制裁C. 出卖D. 关掉13. High-tech has grown fast during the past decade, or ten years.►The underlined word “decade” means ____________ in Chinese.A. 岁月B. 时代C. 阶段D. 十年14. These peaches are inferior to those I bought last week. In other words, the peaches which I bought last weekwere much better.►The underlined word “inferior to” in the sentence means _____________.A. 超棒B. 不及C. 更贵D. 更便宜15. A pseudonym is a name that someone, usually a writer, uses instead of his or her real name.► The underlined word “pseudonym” refers to ____________.A. nicknameB. real nameC. given nameD. pen name16. Reading enriches the mind.► The word “enriches” means____________.A. 扩大B. 装满C. 充实D. 损坏17. Footman means a male servant in a house in the past, who opened the front door for visitors, served foodat table, etc.► What does the underlined word “Footman” mean in Chinese?A. 男仆B. 实习生C. 手艺人D. 管家婆18. Over-the-counter medicine refers to a drug that is sold without a prescription (处方).► The phrase “Over-the-counter medicine” means____________.A. 中药B. 非处方药C. 特殊药物D. 处方药19. Oceanography refers to the scientific study of sea currents (海流), the ocean floor, and the fish and animals that live in the sea.► The word“oceanography”means____________.A. 热带洋流B. 海洋学C. 海洋气候学D. 浮游生物20. On the subject of pollution, it’s a global issue. That is to say, about pollution, it’s a world-wide problem.► “On the subject of” means____________ in the sentence.A. sinceB. overC. althoughD. about► What does the underlined noun phrase “global issue” mean in Chinese?A. 温室效应B. 自然灾难C. 全球性问题D. 污染程度阅读理解：词义猜测题专练(答案+解析)---肇庆学院外国语学院周加林老师编写❖根据上下文推测划线单词或短语的词义。
阅读技巧-猜测词义
利用常识和背景知识
• 常识和背景知识：利用自己的生 活经验和知识储备来猜测生词的 含义。例如，如果句子中提到“ 他是一位医生”，那么可以猜测 “hospital”是“医院”。
03
CATALOGUE
猜测词义的技巧
识别关键词
关键词
关键词是句子或段落中最重要的词语，通常能够提供关于整个句子或段落的主要信息。通过识别关键 词，可以猜测生词的大致意思。
识别修饰语
修饰语
修饰语是指用来修饰或限定名词、动词、形 容词等的词语。通过识别修饰语，可以猜测 生词的意思。
技巧
在阅读时，留意形容词、副词等修饰语，这 些词语通常能够提供关于生词的线索。通过
分析修饰语，可以推测出生词的意思。
识别转折词
转折词
转折词是指表示意思转折的词语，如“但是”、“然 而”、“尽管”等。通过识别转折词，可以猜测生词 的意思。
技巧
在阅读时，留意转折词前后文的意思，转折词通常会 引出与前面内容相反或相对的信息。通过分析转折词 前后文的意思，可以推测出生词的意思。
04
CATALOGUE
猜测词义的注意事项
不要过度猜测
01
不要在没有足够上下文信息的情况下随意猜测词义 。
02
不要将一个词的词义扩大或缩小到不合理的范围。
03
不要将一个词的词义与另一个词的词义混淆。
03
学习的效果。
02
CATALOGUE
如何猜测词义？
利用上下文线索
上下文线索
利用上下文中的信息来猜测生词的含义 。例如，如果句子中提到“他是一位著 名的作家”，那么“著名”这个词的含 义可以根据上下文推断为“有名气”。
VS
语义关系
阅读理解中的词义猜测技巧及练习
阅读理解中的词义猜测技巧及练习阅读理解是学习过程中必不可少的一项技能，而在阅读理解过程中，词义猜测是非常重要的一环。
通过正确猜测词义，我们能更好地理解文章内容，提高阅读效果。
本文将介绍一些词义猜测的技巧，并提供一些练习。
一、从上下文推测词义在阅读理解中，我们可以通过上下文的线索来推测生词的词义。
上文或下文中的其他单词、短语、句子可以提供关于生词意义的信息。
例如：1. 同义词法推测：当遇到一个生词时，我们可以寻找上下文中是否有与其意思相近的词，从而推测出生词的意义。
比如，当我们遇到"tiny"这个生词，而在上文中提到了"small"这个词，我们可以推测出"tiny"的意思是非常小的。
2. 反义词法推测：有时，我们可以通过寻找上下文中的反义词来推测生词的意义。
例如，当遇到"happy"这个生词时，在上文中提到了"unhappy"，我们可以推测"happy"的意思是快乐的。
3. 举例法推测：在阅读理解中，有时会出现对生词进行解释的例子。
例如，当遇到一个生词"pessimistic"时，下文中提到了"always seeing the negative side"，我们可以推测出"pessimistic"的意思是看问题时总是看到负面的。
二、根据词缀推测词义词缀是词根的前缀或后缀，可以给出单词的一些含义线索。
通过熟悉常见的词缀，我们可以在阅读理解中更准确地猜测生词的意义。
例如：1. 前缀推测：当遇到以"un-"作为前缀的生词时，我们可以推测出它们有否定的意思。
比如，"unclear"的意思是不清楚的，"unhappy"的意思是不快乐的。
2. 后缀推测：当遇到以"-ful"作为后缀的生词时，可以推测出它们表示充满某种特性或具有某种特性。
【课堂练习以及评价】Word-guessing skills in reading阅读技巧-词义猜测
词义猜测课堂练习一：解释法：1.标点符号解释：（）—：2.定语从句或同位语从句3.信号词解释：be、be called、means、be defined as(被定义为)、be known as、refer to4.举例解释：such as, like, for example/ instance, especially, include, just as5 重述解释：or, that is ( to say ), in other words, to put it another way, i.e.二：.对比或对照but、yet、otherwise、while、on one hand…on the other hand、for one thing…for another 三：因果逻辑关系：because、as、as a result of、so/such… that四：生活常识练习（限时6分钟）1. The football player was penalized for his rudeness and the punishment was a good lesson for him.A. calledB. praisedC. paidD. punished2. He replied quickly, but after he considered the problem more carefully, he regretted having made such a hasty decision. A. careful B. hard C. good D. quick3.Those new comers were not used to the life in the suburbs which was so different from that inside the city.A. townB. capitalC. countryD. house4. The house looked quite normal outside, but inside it was very exotic with fascinating objects on display.A. Messy and untidyB. Rich and expensiveC. Comfortable and calmingD. Foreign and unusual5.He had been getting better but during the night his condition deteriorated.A. became betterB. got worseC. stayed the sameD. did not change6.That museum is so immense that it will be impossible to see all the exhibits in one day.A very largeB crowedC noisyD good7.When a doctor performs an operation on a patient, he usually gives an anesthetic to make him unconscious, because he does not want his patient to feel pain or to know what is happening to him.A. A kind of booksB. A piece of adviceC. A kind of medicineD. A kind of animals8.Nadia’s voice was a whisper. “I understand English. I will learn.” Nadia’s English was perfect. Kate was perplexed. She couldn’t understand why Nadia did not like to speak.A．puzzled B．angry C．shocked D．serious9.He is a resolute man. Once he makes up his mind to do something, he won’t give it up halfway.A. strangeB. firmC. kindD. clever课堂教学评价表班级: 姓名: 座号:。
2022年中考复习阅读解题技巧分析：词义猜测类
阅读理解题型专讲专练之三：【词义猜测题】常见的解题方法：（一）上下文线索猜测词义任何一篇文章中的句子在内容上都不是绝对孤立的，都跟句子所在的段落及整篇文章有关。
利用上下文提供的情景和线索，进行合乎逻辑的综合分析而推测词义，是阅读过程中的一大关键，也是高考的热点。
如：If he thinks he can invite me out, he is all wet. I don’t like to be with him.A. drunkB. sweatingC. happyD. mistaken（1）The climate of the west coast is the most moderate ( )in Canada, summers are cool and fairly dry and winters are mild, cloudy and wet. Even in mid-winter, the temperature is usually above freezing.（2）All the houses in the city collapsed ( ) during the earthquake.（3）For people who live within a stone’s throw ( ) from the office to be late to work is unforgivable（4）The conflagration( ) was so fierce that with just a few second one could see towering flames where the house had stood and the smoke which filled the sky could be seen for miles and miles.（二）根据定义或解释猜测词义阅读文章中的有些生词尤其是新闻报导及科普类文章中的生词，往往在其后有对该词进行解释说明性的短语或句子，如to be, that is , mean, stand for, namely, refer to, to mean ,in other words等，有时也以同位语、定语从句的形式出现，或用破折号、括号来表示。
2021届高考英语词义猜测题解题技巧与练习
2021届高考英语词义猜测题解题技巧与练习考纲解读(1)正确理解文章中单词或短语的含义是理解文章的第一步，也是理解文章的基础。
(2)英语单词的含义并非完全等同于词典中所标注的汉语意思，其含义在不同的语境中会有所不同。
能根据上下文正确理解灵活变化的词义，才算是真正初步具备了一定的阅读理解能力。
(3)阅读文章时，常常会遇到一些过去未见过的词，但许多这类生词的词义可以通过上下文推断出来，这是阅读理解中经常检测的一种能力。
考查特点一：把握词句猜测题常见的命题方式：(1)The phrase “...”in the sentence could be replaced by_________.(2)The word “...” in the paragraph refers to_________.(3)What is the meaning of the underlined word in the paragraph？What does the underlined word mean?(4)Which of the following is the closest in meaning t o the phrase “...”？(5)The word “...” most nearly means_________.(6)The underlined sentence in the second paragraph implies that _________.二：掌握词句猜测题的考查角度(1)猜测生词或熟词生义；(2)猜测短语意义；(3)猜测替代词所替代的内容(如it，one，they，this，that，these，those等)；(4)猜测句意。
三：选项特征最佳选项①与原文上下文联系非常紧密。
②可以通过上下文内容的提示确定，原文提示的方式一般有：定义和解释、描述和例证、同义和反义、平行关系以及构词法等。
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猜测词义技巧练习姓名：日期：重难点讲解猜测词义的能力不光在考试时很重要，就连我们平时阅读英语文章时也很用得着哦。
就象我们在看中文的文章时，并不是一碰到生词就去查字典，而是根据语境去猜测生词的。
我们读英语文章时，也应养成这样的习惯和能力。
技巧训练：要想提高猜测词义的能力，我们可从以下七个方法下意识地进行阅读。
1. 根据定义或解释说明猜测生词的词义在be，be called，call等判断词出现的判断句中，可根据已知部分，猜测生词的含义。
例如：（1）A mosquito is a small flying pest that thrust the skin and then drink blood.（2）A person who is skilled at making or repairing wooden objects is called a carpenter.你能猜出斜体部分单词的意思吗？mosquito是“蚊子”，carpenter是“木匠”。
怎么样？不难吧？有时，我们还可根据定语从句或同位语对其修饰的先行词的词义做出推测。
例如：His uncle is a zoologist, an expert who does research on animals. 不难猜出，zoologist就是“动物学家”的意思。
当看到文中的破折号“—”时，我们也应该留点神，因为它也可引出起解释说明作用的同位语或具有同义的短语或从句。
如：Some organizations of United Nations prefer to take on Polyglots as their workers—those who can understand as well as speak many languages.这里，Polyglot指的是“懂而且会说多种语言的人”。
你猜出来了吗？2. 根据对比关系猜测生词的词义在but，however，yet，otherwise，though这些表示意义转折的连词出现的句子中，其前后的词有明显的对比关系。
根据已知的内容，通过这种对比关系，就很容易猜出生词的词义了。
如：（1）Though Tom’s face has been washed quite clean, hi s neck still remains grubby.grubby是什么意思呢？和clean相对，便是“肮脏的”了。
（2）John usually wastes a lot of money on such useless things ; his wife, however, is very thrifty. 和wastesa lot of money相对比，thrifty就是“节俭的”意思。
3. 通过因果关系猜测词义because , since与as是连结原因状语从句的从属连词，so是连结表示结果的并列句的连词，so...that与such...that中的that是连结结果状语从句的。
当这些信息词出现在有生词的句中，通过因果关系，依据已知部分，就能猜出生词的词义。
例如：（1）She wanted the hairdresser to trim her hair a bit because it was too long.根据后边的原因，我们就可推测出trim就是“修剪”的意思。
right ? Ok, it’s your turn.看看你能否正确猜出下句中斜体词的意思。
（2）The river is so turbid that it is impossible to see the bottom even when it is shallow.根据that引导的结果状语从句，可以猜出，turbid的意思是“浑浊的”。
你猜对了吗？4. 根据生活常识猜测词义运用逻辑推理能力，自身的生活经验及生活常识，根据上下文能读懂的部分，可以正确猜出词义。
下面文字中斜体单词的词义你能猜出来吗？（1）Birds fly with their wings, and they pick up their foods, and then eat them with their beaks and they use their claws for tearing, seizing, pulling or holding objects.（2）Most of the roses are beginning to wither because of the cold.句子的已知部分和我们的常识告诉我们：wings是“翅膀”；beaks是“喙”；claws是“爪子”；wither表示“枯萎”。
5. 根据同等关系猜测词义同等关系，指的是一个词，一组词或短语在句中作同一成分，而且它们的词义都属于同一范畴。
明显的标志是，这样的词组或短语中间常常用并列连词and或or来连接。
例如：（1）At forty-two he was in his prime and always full of energy.（2）Are people born intelligent or stupid? 你能根据同等关系猜出斜体词的意思吗？从“年龄42岁”以及与prime具有同等关系的full of energy，可以猜出prime的意思是“盛年时期”。
从选择连词or“还是”以及与intelligent处于同等位置的stupid“愚蠢的”可以猜测intelligent是“聪明的”意思。
6. 根据列举的事例猜测词义如：You can take any of the periodicals: The World of English, Foreign Language Teaching in Schools, or English Learning.从后面列举的例子可以猜出periodical是“期刊，杂志”的意思。
7. 根据构词法知识猜测词义根据学过的构词法知识，知道词根和前缀或后缀的意义，就可猜出由它们组成的新词词义。
如：The colors of Hawaii in summer are unforgettable.根据构词法和我们已熟悉的词forget，我们可以知道unforgettable就是“令人难忘的”意思。
【典型例题】猜测词义技巧练习：根据上下文推测各题中划线词的词义。
1. John drives too fast , and he often drives in the middle of the street. He doesn’t watch whatthe other cars are doing. He is a reckless driver.A. very carefulB. very carelessC. very harmfulD. very harmless2. When Glen finished college，he couldn’t find a job. Then his luck ch anged. A bigengineering company hired him.A. give him a jobB. paid himC. told him to stop workingD. told him about his future3. A computer is a complex machine. It is not simple.A. simpleB. complicatedC. beautifulD. expensive4. Children like to play with water . After it rains , they will walk in every puddle they can find.A. rainfallB. water sitting in the streetC. snowD. a small river5. Chicken pox can be very serious for a child who is not in good health. The child develops redspots , and feels hot and uncomfortable . A healthy child gets well quickly.A. a kind of animalB. a kind of foodC. a kind of childhood diseaseD. a lack of pure water6. Ali showed the class a picture of him, his wife , and their baby . Pierre’s family has lived in the east of Canada for two hundred years . Their ancestors came from France.A. family members from a long time ago.B. grandparents and their grandchildren.C. parents, grandparents and great-grandparents.D. family members all living at the same time7. Some Africans carve beautiful human and animal figures out of wood．They sell theircarvings to stores and museums．A. drawB. beatC. heatD. cut8. When an army officer gives a command, his men and women must fo1low it.A. commaB. orderC. questionD. present9. The offspring of a pair of birds leave the nest when they are big enough to fly.A. childrenB. ancestorsC. generationsD. mates10. There is a stack of papers on Mr. Green’s desk.A. pieceB. balanceC. mixtureD. pile11. I cannot afford a new car. I have to buy a used one.A. have enough money to buy somethingB. search forC. gather the necessary informationD. use one in an emergency12. The speed limit is 60 kilometers per hour on this street.A. fastB. slowC. anD. even though13. Before you buy something，check the quality first. For example, if it is cheap, it might not be good.A. how good it isB. what the color isC. what the size isD. how big it is14. Please give me your recipe for this cake , so I can make it too.A. a dishB. directions for cookingC. a mealD. directions to your house15. Water, oil and coffee are examples of a liquid.A. something you can drinkB. something you can burnC. something you can pourD. something from plants16. The weather in Xiamen is hot and humid. A desert is dry.A. wetB. dryC. coldD. windy17. Before a baby learns to walk, it has to crawl on the floor.A. walk on two feetB. flyC. sit in a chairD. move on the hands and knees18. Coffee originally came from Ethiopia. Now many tropical countries grow it.A. nowB. in the futureC. in the beginningD. at present19. The scalp covers the head. Hair grows out of it.A. a kind of hatB. the color of hairC. a cloth over the headD. the skin on the head20. It is a mystery why some people can learn language very easily and others have great difficulty.A. something easy to understandB. something no one understandsC. something beautifulD. something terrible21. Danish and Norwegian are similar languages. If you speak one, you can understand theother. A. difficult B. almost the same C. easy D. very different22. This is a glass of pure milk. There is nothing but milk in the glass.A. coldB. warmC. whiteD. 100%23. Mr. Brown is an amateur photographer. He is an engineer. But in his free time he likes totake pictures. A. as a hobby B. for money C. as a job D. as work24. This small Christmas tree is made of plastic. It is not a real tree. It is artificial.A. beautifulB. not naturalC. for a special holidayD. in an art museum25. Ronald Amundsen was a great explorer. He was the first person to reach the South Pole.A. a person who works in international business and travels a lotB. a place that is difficult to findC. something that an airplane carriesD. a person who looks for new places and information about them26. Some people like to keep a journal. They write in it every day. They write about what theydid , what happened , and what they thought.A. a magazine about scientific researchB. a textbookC. a sports magazineD. a notebook about their daily activities27. Farmers raise cattle for beef and milk.A. pigsB. horsesC. sheepD. cows28. The doctor gave me some medicine. It will cure my sickness.A. make worseB. make sickC. make betterD. make lighter29. The kiwi lays the largest eggs in the world. The strange thing about the kiwi is that it cannot fly.A. a kind of fishB. a kind of catC. a kind of rockD. a kind of bird30. When the hurricane hit the coast, it blew down buildings and trees.A. the dry seasonB. a huge truckC. high waterD. a powerful windstorm【模拟试题】（一）A well-known old man was being interviewed（采访）and was asked if it was correct that he had just celebrated his ninety—ninth birthday.“That’s right.”said the old man. “Ninety—nine years old, and I haven’t an enemy in the world. They’re all dead.”“Well, sir,”said the interviewer, “I hope very much to have the honour of interviewing you on your hundredth birthday.”The old man loo ked at the young man closely, and said, “I can’t see why you shouldn’t. You look fit and healthy to me!”1. The old man said he had not an enemy in the world, which shows that he was a very .A. friendly man he never made any enemiesB. healthy man he lived longer than all his enemiesC. lucky man his enemies had all diedD. terrible man he had got rid of all his enemies2. When the interviewer said that he hoped very much to have the honour of interviewing the old man again the following year, .A. he was trying to make the old man happyB. he wished he himself would live another yearC. he did not believe the old man would live to be one hundredD. he did not believe he would interview the old man again3. When the old man said “I can’t see why you shouldn’t ”, what he meant was:A. “You must try to live another year to interview me again next year.”B. “Of course, you can see me again since you’re so fit and healthy.”C. “If I live to a hundred years, you should interview me again.”D. “Unless you live another year, you wouldn’t be able to interview me again.”4. What kind of man would you say the old man was?A. He was silly.B. He was unpleasant.C. He was very proud and sure of his health.D. He was very impolite to young people.（二）Joe and Helen Mills had two small children. One was six and the other four. They always resisted going to bed, and Helen was always complaining（抱怨）about this and asking Joe for help. But as he did not come home until after they had gone, to bed during the week, he was unable to help except at weekends.Joe considered himself a good singer, but really his voice was not at all musical. However, he decided that, if he sang to the children when they went to bed, it would help them to relax, and they would soon go to sleep.He did this every Saturday and Sunday night until he heard his small son whispered to his younger sister, “If you pretend that you’re asleep, he stops.”1. The children always resisted going to bed, which .A. made Helen suffer a lotB. satisfied their motherC. Helen was not satisfied withD. gave Helen much trouble2. The husband couldn’t help the wife to look after the children.A. because he returned from work too lateB. since his voice sounded like a singer’sC. except on Saturday and SundayD. for he did not come home until after the children had gone to bed weekends3. Joe worked .A. all the week including Saturday and SundayB. during the week including the weekendsC. every day but Saturday and SundayD. every week except on Sunday4. Which of the following conclusions can we draw from the above story?A. Joe’s song did help the children to relax.B. With Joe’s help, the children went to sleep.C. The wife must be thankful to her husband for the great help.D. The children were so tired of their father’s voice that they pretended to be asleep.5. This joke tells about .A. Joe and HelenB. Helen’s troubleC. Joe’s fooleryD. the bright idea of the two small children。