固态电子器件课后题答案3

合集下载

固态电子论-第四章习题参考解答

固态电子论-第四章习题参考解答

E EF k0T
泡利不相容原理的限制作用可以忽略不计(在
E 附近,存在大量的没有被粒子填充的
空状态,当少量粒子填充这些状态时,发生泡利不相容的几率很小),由费米统计分布 给出的几率值与波费米统计分布退化为玻尔兹曼统计分布给出的几率值非常接近。
E EF 1 exp k0T E EF 1 exp k0T E A exp k T 0
第10题
砷化镓的导带电子有效状态密度,
2 m k T 2
n 0 3/2
Nc
h3
2 0.068 9.1 10 1.38 10 2 6.62 10
31 34 3
23
300
3/2
6.46 1077 2 4.45 1023 / m3 4.45 1017 / cm3 100 2.90 10
n 0 3 3/2
h
2.8 1019 cm3
19 1017 cm3、 10 cm3 费米能级分别为, 当 ND 1015 cm3、 ,
Nc Ec EF k0T ln ND Nc Ec EF k0T ln ND N Ec EF k0T ln c ND
19

0.2 0.026
1.3 1016 cm 3
掺施主杂质的浓度为:
N D 2.3 1016 cm 3
第7题
Ec
Ei
强 P型
由 EF
Ec
Ei
弱 P型
EF
Ec
Ei
EF
EcEF
Ei
E
E
弱 N型
E
E

东南大学固体物理基础课后习题解答

东南大学固体物理基础课后习题解答

《电子工程物理基础》课后习题参考答案第一章 微观粒子的状态1-1一维运动的粒子处在下面状态(0,0)()0(0)xAxe x x x λλψ-⎧≥>=⎨<⎩①将此项函数归一化;②求粒子坐标的概率分布函数;③在何处找到粒子的概率最大? 解:(1)由归一化条件,可知22201xAx edx λ∞-=⎰,解得归一化常数322A λ=。

所以归一化波函数为:322(0,0)()0(0)xxex x x λλλψ-⎧⎪≥>=⎨⎪<⎩(2)粒子坐标的概率分布函数为:32224(0,0)()()0(0)xx e x w x x x λλλψ-⎧≥>==⎨<⎩(3)令()0dw x dx =得10x x λ==或,根据题意,在x=0处,()w x =0,所以在1x λ=处找到粒子的概率最大。

1-2若在一维无限深势阱中运动的粒子的量子数为n 。

①距势阱的左壁1/4宽度内发现粒子概率是多少? ②n 取何值时,在此范围内找到粒子的概率最大?③当n→∞时,这个概率的极限是多少?这个结果说明了什么问题?解:(1)假设一维无限深势阱的势函数为U (x ),0x a ≤≤,那么在距势阱的左壁1/4宽度内发现粒子概率为:22440211()()(sin )sin422a a n n P x x dx x dx a a n ππψπ===-⎰⎰。

(2)当n=3时,在此范围内找到粒子的概率最大,且max 11()+46P x π=。

(3)当n→∞时,1()4P x =。

此时,概率分布均匀,接近于宏观情况。

1-3一个势能为221()2V x m x ω=的线性谐振子处在下面状态2212()()x m x Aeαωψα-=求:①归一化常数A ;②在何处发现振子的概率最大;③势能平均值2212U m x ω=。

解:(1)由归一化条件,可知2221x A e dx α+∞--∞=⎰,得到归一化常数4A απ=。

固态电子论-第二章习题参考解答ppt课件

固态电子论-第二章习题参考解答ppt课件

第14题 点缺陷的定义: 在一个或几个原子尺度内偏离理想晶体周期性结构的缺陷称为点缺陷。 晶体中的点缺陷包括: 1、空位;2、本征间隙原子;3、杂质间隙原子;4、替位杂质原子; 其中1、2称为本征点缺陷,是由于一定温度下,热的统计涨落形成的。 3、4称为杂质点缺陷,是由于杂质存在形成的。
线缺陷的定义: 原子排斥偏离理想晶体周期性结构形成的一维缺陷称为线缺陷。
其它粒子作用时,声子数不守恒。 2、波动性——一个声子等效为一个格波。 3、统计性——一定温度下,晶体中的平均声子数由玻色-爱因斯坦统计给出。
完整最新ppt
11
声子对描述晶格振动的意义
1、声子是晶格原子集体振动能量的量子;
2、晶格振动等效为 3 s N个声子组成的声子气 ,服从玻色-爱因斯坦统计分布;
晶体中的线缺陷包括: 1、刃位错;2、螺位错;
完整最新ppt
13
第15题 影响晶体中杂质替位概率的主要因素: 1、替位杂质原子的大小与被替代的晶格原子的大小的接近程度。原子大 小越接近,替代的概率越高; 2、替位杂质原子的价电子壳层与被替代的晶格原子的价电子壳层结构相似 程度。电子壳层结构越相似,替代的概率越高。 3、晶体中的空位数高低。空位越多,替代的概率越高。
体,正负离子的相对振动,在晶体中形成交替变化的电偶极子,等效为高频率电磁 波。
晶体振动声学波的特点: 是弹性波,振动频率较低,振动频率随波矢变化较大。
完整最新ppt
9
第10题
根据教材中给出的一维双原子晶格色散关系,
光学波 omax
禁带
声学波
2(1 2)
m o min
A max
22
m
21
m
Amin 0

东南大学固体物理基础课后习题解答

东南大学固体物理基础课后习题解答

《电子工程物理基础》课后习题参考答案第一章 微观粒子的状态1-1一维运动的粒子处在下面状态(0,0)()0(0)xAxe x x x λλψ-⎧≥>=⎨<⎩①将此项函数归一化;②求粒子坐标的概率分布函数;③在何处找到粒子的概率最大? 解:(1)由归一化条件,可知22201xAx edx λ∞-=⎰,解得归一化常数322A λ=。

所以归一化波函数为:322(0,0)()0(0)xxex x x λλλψ-⎧⎪≥>=⎨⎪<⎩(2)粒子坐标的概率分布函数为:32224(0,0)()()0(0)xx e x w x x x λλλψ-⎧≥>==⎨<⎩(3)令()0dw x dx =得10x x λ==或,根据题意,在x=0处,()w x =0,所以在1x λ=处找到粒子的概率最大。

1-2若在一维无限深势阱中运动的粒子的量子数为n 。

①距势阱的左壁1/4宽度内发现粒子概率是多少? ②n 取何值时,在此范围内找到粒子的概率最大?③当n→∞时,这个概率的极限是多少?这个结果说明了什么问题?解:(1)假设一维无限深势阱的势函数为U (x ),0x a ≤≤,那么在距势阱的左壁1/4宽度内发现粒子概率为:22440211()()(sin )sin422a a n n P x x dx x dx a a n ππψπ===-⎰⎰。

(2)当n=3时,在此范围内找到粒子的概率最大,且max 11()+46P x π=。

(3)当n→∞时,1()4P x =。

此时,概率分布均匀,接近于宏观情况。

1-3一个势能为221()2V x m x ω=的线性谐振子处在下面状态2212()()x m x Aeαωψα-=求:①归一化常数A ;②在何处发现振子的概率最大;③势能平均值2212U m x ω=。

解:(1)由归一化条件,可知2221x A e dx α+∞--∞=⎰,得到归一化常数4A απ=。

固体物理课后习题与答案

固体物理课后习题与答案

第一章 金属自由电子气体模型习题及答案1. 你是如何理解绝对零度时和常温下电子的平均动能十分相近这一点的?[解答] 自由电子论只考虑电子的动能。

在绝对零度时,金属中的自由(价)电子,分布在费米能级及其以下的能级上,即分布在一个费米球内。

在常温下,费米球内部离费米面远的状态全被电子占据,这些电子从格波获取的能量不足以使其跃迁到费米面附近或以外的空状态上,能够发生能态跃迁的仅是费米面附近的少数电子,而绝大多数电子的能态不会改变。

也就是说,常温下电子的平均动能与绝对零度时的平均动能十分相近。

2. 晶体膨胀时,费米能级如何变化?[解答] 费米能级3/222)3(2πn mE o F= , 其中n 单位体积内的价电子数目。

晶体膨胀时,体积变大,电子数目不变,n 变小,费密能级降低。

3. 为什么温度升高,费米能反而降低?[解答] 当K T 0≠时,有一半量子态被电子所占据的能级即是费米能级。

除了晶体膨胀引起费米能级降低外,温度升高,费米面附近的电子从格波获取的能量就越大,跃迁到费米面以外的电子就越多,原来有一半量子态被电子所占据的能级上的电子就少于一半,有一半量子态被电子所占据的能级必定降低,也就是说,温度生高,费米能反而降低。

4. 为什么价电子的浓度越大,价电子的平均动能就越大?[解答] 由于绝对零度时和常温下电子的平均动能十分相近,我们讨论绝对零度时电子的平均动能与电子的浓度的关系。

价电子的浓度越大,价电子的平均动能就越大,这是金属中的价电子遵从费米—狄拉克统计分布的必然结果。

在绝对零度时,电子不可能都处于最低能级上,而是在费米球中均匀分布。

由式3/120)3(πn k F =可知,价电子的浓度越大费米球的半径就越大,高能量的电子就越多,价电子的平均动能就越大。

这一点从3/2220)3(2πn m E F=和3/222)3(10353πn mE E oF ==式看得更清楚。

电子的平均动能E 正比于费米能o F E ,而费米能又正比于电子浓度32l n。

固态电子器件课后题答案5

固态电子器件课后题答案5

© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they。

固态电子器件课后题答案6

固态电子器件课后题答案6

© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they currently exist. No portion of this material may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher. For the exclusive use of adopters of the book Solid State Electronic Devices, Sixth Edition, by Ben G. Streetman and Sanjay Kumar Banerjee ISBN 0-13-149726-X
© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they currently exist. No portion of this material may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher. For the exclusive use of adopters of the book Solid State Electronic Devices, Sixth Edition, by Ben G. Streetman and Sanjay Kumar Banerjee ISBN 0-13-149726-X

微波固态电路习题参考答案

微波固态电路习题参考答案

6.中频移相器应该加在B 端口v )cos()(s s s s t V t =ω+ϕ设2端口信号电压 1端口本振电压 )cos()(L L L L t V t v ϕω+=加到D1、D2、D3、D4管上的信号及本振电压分别为:因为信源角频率>本振角频率,可得D1、D2、D3、D4产生的中频电流分别为:)cos(2)()()(431πϕϕω−−+=−=if if B g t i t i t i L s if s tV混频器A 的中频输出为:混频器B 的中频输出为: B 的中频输出经过移相器移相得到 )23cos(2)(1'πϕϕω−−+=l s if s B t V g t i )23cos(4)()()(1'πϕϕω−−+=+=l s if s B A t V g t i t i t i 可见混频器B 的中频输出经过90度移相,在M 处与A 管中频同相迭加。

外镜频抑制:2端口设外镜像频率信号为 ])2cos[()(i S L i i t V t v ϕωω+−=1端口本振信号为 )cos()(L L L L t V t v ϕω+=D1、D2、D3、D4管混出的中频电流为:)2cos()(11πϕϕω−−+=i L if i t V g t i )2cos()(12πϕϕω+−+=i L if i t V g t i )cos()(13πϕϕω−−+=i L if i t V g t i)cos()(14i L if i t V g t i ϕϕω−+=)2cos(2)()()(121πϕϕω−−+=−=i L if i A t V g t i t i t i)cos(2)()()(143πϕϕω−−+=−=i L if i B t V g t i t i t i混频器B 的中频输出经过90度移相得到)23cos(2)(1'πϕϕω−−+=i L if i B t V g t i 在M 处0)()()('=+=t i t i t i B A 所以在L S ωω>时,中频移相器应该加在B 端口,才能保证外来信号混出的中频在M 处同相迭加,外来镜像干扰混出的中频在M 处反同相相抵消。

固体物理课后习题解答(黄昆版)第三章

固体物理课后习题解答(黄昆版)第三章

固体物理课后习题解答(黄昆版)第三章黄昆固体物理习题解答第三章晶格振动与晶体的热学性质3.1 已知⼀维单原⼦链,其中第j个格波,在第个格点引起的位移为,µ= anj j sin(ωj_j+ σj) ,σj为任意个相位因⼦,并已知在较⾼温度下每个格波的平均能量为,具体计算每个原⼦的平⽅平均位移。

解:任意⼀个原⼦的位移是所有格波引起的位移的叠加,即µn= ∑ µnj=∑ a j sin(ωj t naq j+σj)j j(1)µ2 n =∑µjnj∑µj*nj=µj2nj+ µ µnj*nj′j j′由于µ µnj?nj数⽬⾮常⼤的数量级,⽽且取正或取负⼏率相等,因此上式得第2 项与第⼀项µ相⽐是⼀⼩量,可以忽略不计。

所以2= ∑ µ 2njn j由于µnj是时间的周期性函数,其长时间平均等于⼀个周期内的时间平均值为µ 2 = 1 T∫0 2 ω+σ 1 2 j aj sin( t naqjj j)dt a=j(2)T0 2已知较⾼温度下的每个格波的能量为KT,µnj的动能时间平均值为1 L T ?1 ?dµ 2 ?ρw a2 T 1= ∫∫dx0?ρnj?= j j∫0 2 ω+ σ= ρ 2 2 T??dt L a sin( t naq)dt w Lanj T0 0 0 ? 2 ?dt??2T0 j j j j 4 j j其中L 是原⼦链的长度,ρ使质量密度,T0为周期。

1221所以Tnj= ρ w La j j=KT(3)4 2µKT因此将此式代⼊(2)式有nj2 = ρωL 2 jµ所以每个原⼦的平均位移为2== ∑ µ 2= ∑KT= KT∑1n njρωL2ρLω2j j j j j3.2 讨论N 个原胞的⼀维双原⼦链(相邻原⼦间距为a),其2N 格波解,当M=m 时与⼀维单原⼦链的结果⼀⼀对应.解答(初稿)作者季正华- 1 -黄昆固体物理习题解答解:如上图所⽰,质量为M 的原⼦位于2n-1,2n+1,2n+3 ……质量为m 的原⼦位于2n,2n+2,2n+4 ……⽜顿运动⽅程:..mµ2n= ?βµ(22n?µ2n+1 ?µ2n?1)..Mµ2n+1 = ?βµ(22n+1 ?µ2n+2 ?µ2n)体系为N 个原胞,则有2N 个独⽴的⽅程i na q⽅程解的形式:iµ2n=Ae[ωt?(2 ) ] µ2n+1=Be[ω?(2n+1)aq]na qµ=将µ2n=Ae[ωt?(2 ) ]2n+1 Be i[ωt?(2n+1) aq]代回到运动⽅程得到若A、B 有⾮零的解,系数⾏列式满⾜:两种不同的格波的⾊散关系:——第⼀布⾥渊区解答(初稿)作者季正华- 2 -第⼀布⾥渊区允许 q 的数⽬黄昆固体物理习题解答对应⼀个 q 有两⽀格波:⼀⽀声学波和⼀⽀光学波。

固态电子器件课后题答案3

固态电子器件课后题答案3

© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they。

微波固态电路习题集+答案

微波固态电路习题集+答案

微波固态电路习题集+答案(总3页)--本页仅作为文档封面,使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--微波固态电路习题集(81题)第一章、微波晶体管电路(1)微波晶体管的主要发展方向包括哪几个方面(p1)A(2)为提高小信号和小功率硅微波双极晶体管的性能,一般在结构设计和工艺上采用哪些措施为什么硅微波双极晶体管的特征频率不可能很高(p3)(3)双极晶体管噪声主要来源有哪些(p4-p5)(4)请写出MESFET特征频率fT 与直流跨导gmo和栅源电容Cgs的近似表达式。

说明MESFET的特征频率fT 与直流跨导gmo和栅源电容Cgs关系如何减小MESFET的栅长与特征频率有何关系(p9)A(5) MESFET噪声主要来源有哪些其最小噪声系数与频率有何关系 (p10-p11)A(6) MESFET噪声系数与直流工作点有何关系 (p11)A(7)何谓半导体的异质结(p11)A(8)你能说出HEMT和HBT的中文意思吗(p12-p14)A(9) HEMT和HBT的显著优点有哪些(p11、p15)(10)微波晶体管放大器主要性能参量有哪些(p17)11)请写出线性两端口网络S参数的表达式,并简述晶体管S参数的物理意义。

(P18)(12)晶体管正向和反向传输系数不等的物理意义是什么(p18)(13)微波放大器工作是否稳定的判据是什么如何判断(p21)(14)微波放大器输入/输出端口绝对稳定的充要条件是什么(p25)(15)请写出有源二端口网络噪声系数一般表达式,并说明表达式中各项的物理意义.(p27)A(16)低噪声放大器设计中最佳噪声匹配和最大功率增益匹配有何不同最佳噪声匹配时对传输功率有何影响(p31,p35)A(17)宽带放大器主要电路形式通常有哪些(p38)(18)微波功率放大器设计中,MESFET哪些特性参数与输出功率密切相关(p44)(19)简述放大器1dB压缩点输入和输出功率及三阶交调系数的定义.(p44-p45)(20)介质谐振器稳频FET振荡器一般可分哪两种类型各有何特点(p54)(21)介质谐振器在反馈式介质稳频FET振荡器电路和反射型共源介质稳频FET 振荡器电路中分别等效为何种电路(22)列表比较双极晶体管,MESFET,HEMT和HBT的参数。

材料物理性能课后习题答案 北航出版社 主编

材料物理性能课后习题答案 北航出版社 主编

材料物理性能课后习题答案_北航出版社_主编材料物理习题集第一章固体中电子能量结构和状态(量子力学基础)1.一电子通过5400V电位差的电场,(1)计算它的xxxx波长;(2)计算它的波数;(3)计算它对Ni晶体(111)面(面间距d=2.04×10-10m)的布拉格衍射角。

(P5)hh?=1?)解:(1p)mE(22?3410?6.6 =1?3119?)?10?(2?9.1?10?54001.6211?m?10=1.67?211103.76?2()波数K=?????sin)(32d?'o??18??sin2?d22.有两种原子,基态电子壳层是这样填充的,请分别写出n=3的所有电子的四个量子数的可能组态。

(非书上内容)3.如电子占据某一能级的几率是1/4,另一能级被占据的几率为3/4,分别计算两个能级的能量比费米能级高出多少kT?(P15)4.已知Cu的密度为8.5×103kg/m3,计算其(P16)5.计算Na在0K时自由电子的平均动能。

(Na的摩尔质量M=22.99,)(P16)材料物理性能课后习题答案_北航出版社_主编6.若自由电子矢量K满足以为晶格周期性边界条件和定态xx方程。

试证明下式成立:eiKL=17.已知晶面间距为d,晶面指数为(h k l)的平行晶面*?角入射,试证明,一电子波与该晶面系成的倒易矢量为r hkl*??r/cos的轨迹满足方程K2。

产生布拉格反射的临界波矢量K hkl8.试用布拉格反射定律说明晶体电子能谱中禁带产生的原因。

(P20)9.试用晶体能带理论说明元素的导体、半导体、绝缘体的导电性质。

答:(画出典型的能带结构图,然后分别说明)10.过渡族金属物理性质的特殊性与电子能带结构有何联系?(P28)答:过渡族金属的d带不满,且能级低而密,可xx较多的电子,夺取较高的s带中的电子,降低费米能级。

补充习题为什么镜子颠倒了左右而没有颠倒上下? 1.只考虑xx力学,试计算在不损害人体安全的情况下,加速到2.光速需要多少时间?已知下列条件,试计算空间两个电子的电斥力和万有引力的 3.比值画出原子间引力、斥力、能量随原子间距变化的关系图。

固态电子论_第三章习题参考解答

固态电子论_第三章习题参考解答
一、深能级杂质在半导体中的作用 深能级杂质的定义——杂质能级离导带底或者价带顶比较远的杂质。 深能级杂质在半导体中的主要作用: 起到有效复合中心的作用(见第5章内容),控制半导体非平衡载流子的寿命。
第7题
以硅半导体中掺金为例说明如下:
金原子具有1个价电子。
如果金(Au)原子将价电子电离出去,则在硅半导体中产生一个深施主能级 EtD ,
l
l
令 l' l 1,得到,


k (x a) f (x l'a) f (x l'a) k (x)
l '
l '
eika 1,ka 2n,k 2n
a
在第一布里渊区,
k


a

, a

(n 0,1,2,......)
如下图所示:
Ec
Au Au
Ei
0.35eV
EtD
E
如果金(Au)原子获得一个外来电子,则在硅半导体中产生一个深受主能级 EtA ,
如下图所示:
Au Au
Ec
0.54eV
Ei
EtA
E
第8题(参考第1章倒格子、第2章能带表示的课件)
(1) 图3-41是能带图的简约布里渊区表示法。
第Ⅱ能带原本在第二布里渊区,通过移动1个倒格矢 Gh后落入第一布里渊区的。第Ⅲ能带
在第一布里渊区内,k



1 2a
,
1 2a

,得到,
k 0,k 1 2a
当 k 0 , 电子能量,
Emin Ek 0 0
当 k 1 , 电子能量, 2a

固态电子器件课后题答案1

固态电子器件课后题答案1

© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they currently© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they currently© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they currently© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they currently© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they currently© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they currently© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they currently© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they currently© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they currently© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they currently© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they currently© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they currently© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they currently© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they currently。

固态电子器件答案

固态电子器件答案

固态电子器件答案【篇一:微波固态电路复习题】1. 微波是指频率在(300mhz~300ghz)范围内的电磁波,对应的波长范围为(1mm~1m)。

2. ku波段是指频率在(12ghz~18ghz)范围内的电磁波,对应的波长范围为(2.5~1.67cm)。

vhf波段是指频率在(0.1ghz~0.3ghz)范围内的电磁波,对应的波长范围为(300~100cm) uhf波段是指频率在(0.3ghz~1ghz)范围内的电磁波,对应的波长范围为(100~30cm)s波段是指频率在(2ghz~4ghz)范围内的电磁波,对应的波长范围为(15~7.5cm)c波段是指频率在(4ghz~8ghz)范围内的电磁波,对应的波长范围为(7.5~3.75cm)3. 在大气中,影响微波/毫米波传播的主要是(氧分子)和(水分子),由于气体的(谐振)会对微波/毫米波产生(吸收)和(散射)。

4.毫米波的四个大气“窗口”是(35ghz)、(94ghz)(140ghz)(220ghz)。

简答题1. 简述微波电路的发展历程由最初的电子管向固态化发展,由大型元件向小型元件、集成电路、器件方向发展,同时开发新系统。

目前微波技术的发展趋势是朝小型化、高集成化、高可靠、低功耗、大批量应用方向发展。

2. 什么是mmic利用半导体批生产技术,将电路中所有的有源元件和无源元件都制作在一块砷化镓衬底上的电路称为微波单片集成电路。

第2章选择与填空题1. 列举几种常用的平面传输线(微带线、悬置式微带线、倒置式微带线、带线、槽线、共面波导、鳍线)2. 微带线主要传输的模式是(准tem),带线的传输主模是(tem)11. 槽线的传输模式是(te模)。

12. 共面波导的传输模式是(准tem模)。

8. 鳍线的传输模式是(te与tm模式组成的混合模)。

3. 微带线最高工作频率的影响因素有(寄生模的激励、较高的损耗、严格的制造公差、处理过程中的脆性、显著地不连续效应、不连续处的辐射引起低的q值)(列举四个即可)4. 定向耦合器常用表征参量有(耦合度、方向性、隔离度)7. 耦合器的耦合度的定义是(c= 10lgp1/p3 = 20lg|s31| db )。

固体物理第三章答案

固体物理第三章答案
r
N e 2 ( n)。 2 4 0 r r
若排斥项 n 由 ce 来代替,且当晶体处于平衡时,这两者对相互作用势能的贡 r
献相同。试求出 n 和 的关系。
4
U ( R) 2 N [ ( 1 21 . 2 1 3 ) ( ) R R


6
( 1 4 . 1 5 ) (
) ]
其中, , 为参数,R 是最近邻间距。试求: (1) 平衡时的晶体体积; (2)体弹性模量; (3)抗张强度。 3.若一晶体的中两合能 W
一般中性的氢原子只和一个其它原子形成一个共价键由于氢原子核体积很小唯一的一个电子与原子形成共价键后核便暴露在外通过库仑作用有时还可以与一个负电性较大的原子结合这种特殊形式的结合称为氢键结合
Chapter 3
固体的结合(Solid Combination)
一、简要回答下列问题(answer the following questions): 1.晶体的结合能,晶体的内能,原子间的相互作用势能有何区别? [答] 自由粒子结合成晶体过程中释放出的能量,或者把晶体拆散成一个个自由 粒子所需要的能量称为晶体的结合能。用公式表示为: Eb EN E0 ,其中 EN 表 示组成晶体的 N 个原子在自由时的总能量, E0 为晶体的总能量,则 Eb 为晶体的 结合能。 原子的动能与原子间的相互作用势能之和称为晶体的内能。在 Eb EN E0 中, 如果以组成晶体的 N 个原子处于自由状态的能量作为能量的零点, 则 Eb 就 是晶体的内能。 在 0K 时,原子有零点振动能。但原子的零点振动与原子间的相互作用势能 的绝对值相比小得多。所以,在 0K 时原子间的相互作用势能的绝对值近似等于 晶体的结合能。 2.原子间的排斥作用和吸引作用有何关系?起主导作用的范围是什么? [答 ] 在原子由分散无规的中性原子结合成规则排列的晶体过程中,吸引力起了 主要作用。在吸引力的作用下,原子间的距离缩小到一定的程度,原子间才出现 排斥力。当排斥力与吸引力相等时,晶体达到稳定结合状态。可见,晶体要达到 稳定结合状态,吸引力与排斥力缺一不可。设此时相邻原子间的距离为 r0 , 当相 邻原子间的距离 r r0 时,吸引力起主导作用;当相邻原子间的距离 r r0 时,排 斥力起主导作用。 3.共价结合为什么有“饱和性”和“方向性”? [ 答] “饱和性”是指共价结合时一个原子只能形成一定数目的共价键,因此依

材料化学课后题答案第三章

材料化学课后题答案第三章

第三章 材料的性能 1.用固体能带理论说明什么是导体,半导体,绝缘体? 答:固体的导电性能由其能带结构决定。

对一价金属(如Na ),价带是未满带,故能导电。

对二价金属(如Mg ),价带是满带,但禁带宽度为零,价带与较高的空带相交叠,满带中的电子能占据空带,因而也能导电。

绝缘体和半导体的能带结构相似,价带为满带,价带与空带间存在禁带。

禁带宽度较小时(0.1—3eV )呈现半导体性质,禁带宽度较大(>5eV )则为绝缘体。

答案或者是: 满带:充满电子的能带 空带:部分充满或全空的能带 价带:价电子填充的能带 禁带:导带及满带之间的空隙 (其中,空带和价带是 导带) 导体:价带未满,或价带全满但禁带宽度为零,此时,电子能够很容易的实现价带与导带之间的跃迁。

半导体:价带全满,禁带宽度在0.1-3eV 之间,此时,电子可以通过吸收能量而实现跃迁。

绝缘体:价带全满,禁带宽度大于5eV ,此时,电子很难通过吸收能量而实现跃迁 2、 有一根长为5 m ,直径为3mm 的铝线,已知铝的弹性模量为70Gpa ,求在200N 的拉力作用下,此线的总长度。

= 5.002 m 3.试解释为何铝材不易生锈,而铁则较易生锈? 答:锈蚀机理不同,前者为化学腐蚀,后者为电化学腐蚀铝是一种较活泼的金属,但因为在空气中能很快生成致密的氧化铝薄膜,所以在空气中是非常稳定的。

铁与空气中的水蒸气,酸性气体接触,与自身的氧化物之间形成了腐蚀电池,遭到了电化学腐蚀,所以容易生锈。

4.为什么碱式滴定管不采用玻璃活塞?答:因为普通的无机玻璃主要含二氧化硅,二氧化硅是一种酸性的氧化物,在碱液中将会被溶解或侵蚀,其反应为:SiO2+2NaOH →Na2SiO3+H2O5.何种结构的材料具有高硬度?如何提高金属材料的硬度?答:由共价键结合的材料具有很高的硬度,这是因为共价键的强度较高。

无机非金属材料由离子键和共价键构成,这两种键的强度均较高,所以一般都有较高硬度,特别是当含有价态较高而半径较小的离子时,所形成的离子键强度较0/F A σ= (H E σε=00()/l l lε=-()/l l l ε=-高(因静电引力较大),故材料的硬度较高。

电子器件习题答案

电子器件习题答案

第1章pn结二极管一、填空题1、双极型晶体管(BJT)、晶闸管2、整流、检波、开关、振荡、发光、检测光3、耗尽4、xn = [ 2εsε0 Vbi / (q N D) ]1/25、R=qI S/kT6、自建电场,零,少7、Cj = [ qεN A N D / ( N A + N D ) ]1/2 ( Vbi –V )-1/2耗尽层;增大;减少;非线性8、掺杂浓度、内建电势、杂质浓度9、410、电中性的,小注入、耗尽层、复合中心11、单向、扩散、反向饱和12、增加、升高、降低13、扩散、产生、复合14、加速、扩散系数、减小、减小15、Gd + jωCd、少、扩散、扩散电导、扩散电容16、扩散电容Cd、增大、ωτ、大、小、低17、rd =qI F/kT,串联电阻、低18、截止19、越长,越多20、开启(导通)、关断、低、高21、a)减短少数载流子寿命;b)减短基区的长度;c)在线路上, 使IF 减小, 使IR增大;d)彻底避免电荷存储22、隧道击穿、雪崩击穿23、量子隧穿效应、掺杂浓度势垒区中的电场、势垒高度、势垒厚度24、低、窄25、隧道、雪崩、隧道、雪崩26、热载流子、M→∞、雪崩倍增渡越时间、雪崩倍增光电27、隧道、简并28、多29、热发射、扩散、大、低、多30、半导体高掺杂或(和)选取低势垒的M-S接触。

二、简答题1、示意画出(在热平衡时)n – i - n+结的电场的分布图和能带图;2、通过p-n结二极管的电流主要是少数载流子电流还是多数载流子电流?答:少数载流子3、室温下,两个理想p+n突变结二极管除杂质浓度以外都完全相同,其中杂质浓度N D1=1015cm-3,=1016cm-3。

比较两个二极管的I-V特性,在同一坐标系中画出二者的特性。

N D1N D2N D2N D14、比较Ge、Si和GaAs的实际伏安特性的差异。

5、Si p-n结的反向电流随着温度的升高而增大, 是否是因为势垒区中深能级中心的产生电流增加的缘故?答:在较低温的情况下,产生电流随温度增加而增大,从而影响反向电流。

固态电子器件复习题答案

固态电子器件复习题答案

固态电子器件复习题答案一、单项选择题1. 固态电子器件中,二极管的导电特性是(A)。

A. 单向导电性B. 双向导电性C. 无导电性D. 可变导电性2. 在半导体材料中,硅的能隙宽度大约是(B)。

A. 0.1 eVB. 1.1 eVC. 3.4 eVD. 5.5 eV3. 金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管(MOSFET)的源极和漏极是(C)。

A. 两个P型半导体区域B. 两个N型半导体区域C. 一个P型和一个N型半导体区域D. 两个金属电极4. 双极型晶体管(BJT)的放大作用主要依赖于(D)。

A. 电子的漂移运动B. 电子的扩散运动C. 空穴的漂移运动D. 电子和空穴的复合运动二、填空题1. 在PN结中,当外加电压为正向偏置时,电流主要由____载流子注入N区,空穴注入P区。

答案:电子2. MOSFET的阈值电压是指使沟道形成并允许电流流动的最小______电压。

答案:栅极3. 在半导体材料中,掺杂可以改变材料的______性,从而制造出N型或P型半导体。

答案:导电4. 肖特基二极管是一种金属与半导体接触形成的______结。

答案:肖特基三、简答题1. 简述PN结的整流作用原理。

答:PN结的整流作用原理基于其单向导电性。

在正向偏置时,P区的空穴和N区的电子注入对方区域,形成电流;而在反向偏置时,由于内建电场的作用,多数载流子被阻止,只有少数载流子(少数载流子)能够通过,因此电流很小。

2. 描述MOSFET的工作原理。

答:MOSFET的工作原理基于栅极电压对沟道的控制。

当栅极电压高于阈值电压时,沟道形成,允许电流从源极流向漏极。

栅极电压的变化可以控制沟道的导电性,从而控制漏极电流的大小。

四、计算题1. 计算一个硅二极管在正向偏置电压为0.7V时的电流,已知其正向导通电阻为10Ω。

答:根据欧姆定律,电流I = V/R = 0.7V / 10Ω = 0.07A。

2. 给定一个MOSFET的阈值电压为2V,漏极电流为1mA,求其在阈值电压下的漏极电流。

固态电子器件 中文习题集

固态电子器件 中文习题集

习题第一部分PN 结1. pn结的单向导电性是怎样形成的, 说明并画图。

2. 有两个pn结, 其中一个结的杂质浓度N D=5x1015 cm-3, N A=5x1017 cm-3, 另一个pn结的杂质浓度N D=5x1017 cm-3, N A=5x1019 cm-3, 在室温全电离近似下分别求它们的接触电势差, 并解释为什么杂质浓度不同, 接触电势差的大小也不同。

3. 证明pn结电流与费米能级的关系式(2.13)及(2.14)式。

4. 试说明准费米能级的物理意义。

5. 用(2.19)式说明, 当外加电压为正值和负值条件下的pn结状态。

6. 同一导电类型但杂质浓度不同的半导体n+n结, 也存在接触电势差。

设两边的杂质浓度分别为N D1和N D2(N D1>>N D2), 画出此n+n结的能带图, 导出接触电势差的表达式。

7. pn结的杂质浓度N D=5x1015 cm-3, N A=5x1017 cm-3, 计算n区及p区空间电荷区宽度的大小。

若以n区空间电荷区的宽度来近似pn结空间电荷区的宽度, 其误差是多少?8. 一线性缓变pn结, 杂质浓度从冶金界面的n侧1μm处的N D=5x1017cm-3线性变化到冶金界面的p侧1μm处的N A=5x1017 cm-3, 计算平衡pn结的接触电势差和外加2V反向电压下的空间电荷区宽度。

9. pn结的杂质浓度分别为N D=2x1017cm-3, N A=1x1015cm-3, n区和p区的宽度大于少数载流子扩散长度, τn=τp=1μs, 结面积=1600μm2, 取D n=35cm2/s,D p=13cm2/s, 计算(1) T=300K下, 正向电流等于1mA时的外加电压;(2) 要使电流从1mA增大到2mA, 外加电压应增大多少?(3) 维持(1)的电压不变, 当T由300K上升到400K时, 电流上升到多少?10. 突变pn结外加电压为0.5V, 掺杂浓度分别为N A=1017cm-3、N D=2.25X1015 cm-3, 求n区及p区耗尽层边界处的少数载流子浓度。

  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。

© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they。

相关文档
最新文档