专八英国文学 莎士比亚 sonnet18上课讲义

a
Thou art more lovely and more temperate.
b
Rough winds do shake the darling buds of may,
a
And summer’s lease hath all too short a date.
b
Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,
a
Introdbuction ( 起a )
b
Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,
c
And often is his gold complexion dimm’d; And every fair from fair sometime declines ,
in the couplet..
Meter:
Shall I compare thee to a sum mer’s day ?
a
Thou art more love ly and more tem perate. b Rough winds do shake the dar ling buds of may, a
c
And often is his gold complexion dimm’d;
d
And every fair from fair sometime declines ,
cLeabharlann Baidu
By chance, or nature’s changing course, untrimm’d. d
But thy eternal summer shall not fade,
g
So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.
g
Sonnet 18
Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate. Rough winds do shake the darling buds of may, And summer’s lease hath all too short a date.
• What picture have you got of English summer, and could you explain why?
• How does the poet answer the question he puts forth in the first line?
• What makes the poet think that “thou” can be more fair than summer and immortal?
Sonnet 18
Definition of Sonnet
• A sonnet is a lyric invariably of fourteen lines, usually in iambic pentameter, restricted to a definite rhyme scheme.
Shakespearian Sonnet
• Also known as the English Sonnet, consists of three quatrains followed by a couplet.
• The rhyme scheme is abab cdcd efef gg.
• A theme is developed & elaborated in the quatrains, & a concluding thought is presented
e Tra(nef转si)tion
f
So long as man can breathe or eyes can see, So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.
g
Conclusion
( g合 )
Study Questions
• Why does the poet compare `thee` to a summer’s day? And who could `thee` be?
Types of Sonnet
• There are three dominant types of sonnet, all named after their founders or perfecters(完善者): Petrarchan sonnet, Spenserian sonnet and Shakespearean sonnet.
e
Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow’st,
f
Nor shall Death brag thou wander’st in his shade,
e
When in eternal lines to time thou grow’st.
f
So long as man can breathe or eyes can see,
• What figures of speech are used in this poem? • What is the theme of the poem?
And sum mer’s lease hath all too short a date. b
Iambus（抑扬格） Iambic Foot（抑扬音步）
5-foot Iambus (Iambic Pentametre) （五步抑扬格）
Sonnet 18
Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?
Eluciddation ( 承c )
By chance, or nature’s changing course, untrimm’d. d
But thy eternal summer shall not fade, Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow’st, Nor shall Death brag thou wander’st in his shade, When in eternal lines to time thou grow’st.