高考英语全国卷中细节概括题和细节推断题
20届高考英语二轮 专题2 阅读理解 第2节 推理判断题 1 细节推断题
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第二节推理判断题一、细节推断题(2019·全国Ⅱ,B)“You can use me as a last resort(选择),and if nobody else volunteers,then I will do it.”This was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids’lacrosse(长曲棍球) club.I guess that there’s probably some demanding work schedule,or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport.She may just need a little persuading.So I try again and tug at the heartstrings.I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren’t even on...At this point the unwilling parent speaks up,“Alright.Yes,I’ll do it.”I’m secretly relieved because I know there’s real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many.The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule,sends out emails,and collects money for end-of-season gifts.Somewhere along the way,the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team.The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season.Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.Still,most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close.That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more:Connecting to the community(社区) as you freely give your time,money,skills,or services provides a real joy.V olunteering just feels so good.In that sense,I’m pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I’d freely like to admit.However,if others benefit in the process,and I get some reward too,does it really matter where my motivation lies?24.What can we infer about the parent from her reply in Paragraph 1?A.She knows little about the club.B.She isn’t good at sports.C.She just doesn’t want to volunteer.D.She’s unable to meet her schedule.答案 C解析推理判断题。
高考英语阅读理解之细节理解题分析
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高考英语阅读理解之细节理解题分析一眼“看穿”干扰项众所周知,在英语高考试题中,总词汇量最多、阅读量最大、分值最高、考试分配时间最长的是阅读理解题。
因此,高考英语越来越重视对考生阅读能力的考查。
纵观历年高考阅读理解试题,其题型设计主要有主旨大意题、事实与细节题、推理判断题、猜测词义题。
而其中细节理解题所占比重最大。
今天我们为老师及学生们整理了该题型的命题特点、设问方式及解题技巧以深入的剖析。
多数情况下,命题人不会明确地呈现一个事实,需要学生根据已有的信息进行处理,读出言外之意。
还要特别注意文章的时间顺序、故事发生的地点、情节的发展、和人物之间的关系。
考查文章细节理解的测试题的常见问题:①This article is particularly written for .?②When the writer says …he really means .?③The author's attitude to…is that .?④What kind of atmosphere does the writer want to create in this passage?⑤The writer regards…as .?⑥The writer's purpose in writing this story is .高考细节理解题主要考查考生对文章(或某一段落)中某一些特定细节或文章的重要事实的辨认能力,分直接辨认和间接辨认两种。
1.直接辨认细节的直接辨认不要求读者对客观事实作解释或判断,只要求他们从阅读材料中直接获取信息,要求学生记住重要的细节,在需要的时候能准确而迅速地将他们回忆出来。
2.间接辨认间接辨认不仅要求读者能从阅读材料中直接获取信息,还要将获得的信息进行同义转换,用同义或近义的形式复述出来,为阅读材料中某些词汇、短语及句型等找到正确的英语释义,以检测考生的句义复述能力。
具体可细分为以下几种形式:No.1排序题这种试题要求考生根据事件发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系,找出事件发生的正确顺序。
高三英语二轮专题复习题型二 推理判断题 4 细节推断题
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Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction(消亡),with only a few elderly speakers left.Pick,at random, Busuu in Cameroon(eight remaining speakers),Chiapaneco in Mexico (150),Lipan Apache in the United States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one,with a question-mark):none of these seems to have much chance of survival. 语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界上语言的种类随着人类社 会的发展而逐渐减少这一现象。
随堂限时练
A (2018·山西一模)
Five weeks ago I had a total hip replacement surgery(髋关节置换手术).In Canada,we have great healthcare system.That means we get our new hips for free.
注意:1.切勿拿文章中的某一个细节内容作为推理的结论。 2.切勿脱离原文而凭个人看法主观臆断。 例如:【真题感悟】中的28题,根据第一段最后一句“Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago,when the world had just five to ten million people,they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.” 可知,一些语言专家认为,一万年前,当世界上只有500万到1 000万人 时,他们之间可能说12 000种语言。由此可推断,采猎文明时期的语言 种类很多。故选B。
高中英语阅读理解答题技巧
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高中英语阅读理解答题技巧一、事实细节题关于事实细节题,剖析一下不难看出,事实细节的内容不会单独出现,它总会与前前后后的段落内容相呼应。
考生只要抓住整体大纲,看懂主题,利用内容间的因果关系,通过时间空间的关系转换,并对细节进行深入的剖析了理解,确定主题,将零碎的细节组成一个有机整体,就能深入理解材料的内容,从而轻松解决问题。
二、词句理解题词句理解题主要讲究的是理解题意,通过短文的词、短语或句子的理解来充分理解题意,,碰到不熟悉的词语要避过,先略读再通读,仔细推敲,尤其是对语境的理解要准确。
三、推理推断题推理推断题最主要的就是注重文章结构的逻辑关系,抓住关键词,结合有关的生活和社会常识,理清文章的结构层次、文章内容和文章的中心思想,推断的写作意图和写作目的,进行推断。
四、归纳概括题合适这类题型的阅读理解通常具体反映在文章的题目或一段短文的小标题上;很多文章从一开头就直接说出观点,表达中心思想。
所以关于这类题型,一定要提示同学注意主题句和主题段,绝大多数的短文类似于语文的老三段,注意段与段之间的联系,注意隐藏的中心思想,准确了解文章结构,把握句与句之间的关系,注重逻辑关系,把握住文章的脉络即可。
五、图表理解题图表题一般最简单,主要视察的就是同学的思维模式,注意逻辑关系,分析其中的细节,找出符合图示所要求的必要条件。
2高中英语阅读理解高分技巧知己知彼:弄清命题理念要知道做题的秘诀,首先要知道命题人的思想。
高考的目的就是分个等级,把大家区别开来,所以在能够区别的地方设置题目"为难'大家。
因此命题老师会挖空心思来出题。
高考英语阅读选中择题答案就两种:right or wrong。
题支命题的构成方式就是"干扰+陷阱',陷阱就是下面的错误类型。
掌握了操作技巧,做阅读理解既迅速又正确。
做题技巧归纳起来就是:找出"right answer',毙掉"wrong answers。
(完整word)高考英语阅读理解细节理解类型题
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(完整word)高考英语阅读理解细节理解类型题1.题型特点与命题方式所谓细节题,是指原文提到了某事物、现象或理论,题干针对原文具体叙述本身发问。
一般包括直接理解题(在原文中可直接找到答案,常用who, what, when, where, why和how等提问。
)、语义转化题(需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义上的转换,两者存在表达上的差异,有时需要进行加工或整理后方能得出结论)、数字计算题、排列顺序题、图表图画题等抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键,也是做好其他类型问题的基础。
这类题型的题干常为:When / Where did the story happen?Which of the following statements is (NOT) correct?Which of the following statements is (NOT) mentioned in the passage?Which is the right order of the events given in the passage?All the statements are true EXCEPT…该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息,或是其变体。
所以,搜查信息在阅读中非常重要,它包括理解作者在叙述某事时使用的具体事实、数据、图表等细节信息。
在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节。
做这类题一般采用寻读法,即先读题,然后带着问题快速阅读短文,找出与问题有关的词语或句子,再对相关部分进行分析对比,找出答案。
2.解题思路与应试技巧细节题是针对文中某个细节、某句话或某部分具体内容设置问题,正确答案的根据一定可以在原文中找到,即原文的改写往往成为正确选项。
通常细节题的正确选项有以下特征:(1)对原文句子中的关键词进行替换。
把原文中的一些词换成意义相近的词,成为正确选项。
(2)词性或者语态的变化。
阅读理解之推断及细节类题型 2023高考英语二轮复习
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方法
1)审题 注意事项: 注意提问主体 注意题干中的有效信息 (人物,时间,地点,否 定,代词,数词等) 2)把题干中所有信息对应回文章
方法
3)就近原则把选项对应回题干找到的位置四周 注意事项: 1)注意不要答非所问 (选项内容正确,但不能 回答问题) 2)注意选项与原文中的同义或反义词语替换 3)注意选项与原文中的句义转换
others’ suggest that hard ecology and the accumulation of
cultural knowledge could act together to produce a human-sized
brain. 题:Why
don’t
many
animals
have
பைடு நூலகம்
3.人物性格、心情处境、态度及观点等推断题
(1)由表及里地准确把握字里行间的意思,切 勿用自己的主观想法或观点代替作者的思想观 点。 (2)特别注意那些描写环境气氛的语言,以及 表达感情,态度观点的词语。要特别注意作者 在文章中的措辞,尤其是感情色彩的形容词。 (3)能结合自己平时积累的有关英语国家的文 化传统、风俗习惯等背景知识来识别评价。
injuries. 题:How
does
the
device
mainly
work?
本题为原文给出细节,选项需要进行总 结的类型。由本段内容可知,这个设备
A. By reducing the effects of falling
能够检测到使用者的臀部动作,一旦检
B. By speeding up bone recovery C. By predicting road conditions D. By preventing people from falling
高考英语必考点专题17阅读理解之推理判断题和主旨大意题(精讲深剖)(含解析)
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高考英语必考点专题17阅读理解之推理判断题和主旨大意题(精讲深剖)(含解析)(2019全国I卷B篇)For Canaan Elementary’s second grade in Patchogue, N.Y.,today is speech day ,and right now it’s Chris Palaez’s turn. The 8-year-old is the joker of the class. With shining dark eyes, he seems like the of kid who would enjoy public speaking.But he’s, nervous.“I’m here to tell you today why you should … should…”Chris trips on the“-ld,”a. pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. His teacher ,Thomas Whaley ,is next to him, whisperi ng support.“…Vote for …me …”Except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well. When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion ,Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.A son of immigrants, Chris stared learning English a little over three years ago. Whaley recalls(回想起)how at the beginning of the year,when called upon to read,Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom.Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience. What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes. “It takes a lot for any student,” Whaley explains,“especially for a student who is learning English as their new language,to feel confident enough to say,‘I don’t know,but I want to know.’”Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president. The answer broke his heart. Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast(夸耀)about themselves.“Boasting about yourself,and your best qualities,” Whaley says,“is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident.”本文属于记叙文,讲述Thomas Whaley为了帮助学生学英语以及树立信心专门开展了一个演讲课程。
通用版2024高考英语二轮复习第一板块阅读理解之题型篇专题一第一讲细节理解题_定位信息巧比对讲义
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专题一阅读理解[全国卷3年考情分析]题型与题量卷别细微环节理解题推理推断题主旨大意题词义揣测题考情分析从统计表可以看出,高考英语阅读理解的题型设置以细微环节理解题和推理推断题为主,兼顾主旨大意题和词义揣测题。
细微环节理解题相对简洁,而其他三种题型相对较难。
在近两年的考查趋向上,细微环节理解题的答案更加隐藏,叙述含蓄,干脆信息题会越来越少,取而代之的将是事实细微环节题加入很多推理、推断、归纳等元素;推理推断题的难度会适当加大。
本专题将对这四种题型进行递进式的指导。
2024 卷Ⅰ7 5 2 1 卷Ⅱ9 3 2 1 卷Ⅲ9 3 2 12024 卷Ⅰ7 6 1 1 卷Ⅱ 5 6 2 2 卷Ⅲ 6 6 2 12024 卷Ⅰ10 3 1 1卷Ⅱ7 5 1 2卷Ⅲ8 4 1 2第一讲细微环节理解题——定位信息巧比对细微环节理解题在英语高考阅读理解中占了较大的比重,而且此类题型相对比较简洁,只须要依据题干中的关键词,回到原文定位信息区间,稍加比对,就能得出正确答案。
因此,对于这类题目要力求读得快、找得准、答得对,力争不丢分,保住基本分才能得高分。
但有些细微环节理解题由于命题人有意设置障碍,把有用信息分散在文章不同位置,有时又有转折、否定等,因此有些题目须要细致地思索、对比、计算、对上下文关键信息把握和分析。
尽管细微环节理解题相对简洁,但不行掉以轻心。
细微环节理解题常见的考查题型有:干脆信息题、间接信息题、概括细微环节理解题和正误推断题。
一、题型特点要知晓(一)细微环节理解题常见设问方式1.特别疑问句形式。
以when, where, what, which, who, how much/many等疑问词引出的问题。
2.推断是非形式。
含有TRUE/FALSE, NOT true或EXCEPT等的推断是非的问题。
此时要留意题干中是否含有否定词,如not, never等。
3.以“According to ...”开头的提问形式。
高考英语推理判断题解题技巧
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高考英语阅读理解题的推理判断题解题技巧解答推理判断题要以文字信息为依据,既不能作出在原文中找不到依据的推理,也不能根据表面文字信息进行多余推理。
也就是说,要做到判断有据,推论有理,忠实原文。
切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意,切忌片面思考,得出片面结论。
一、细节推断题是推理判断题中比较简单的一类试题,它要求考生根据语篇中具体的内容和信息点,推断出文章中具体的细节,如时间、地点、人物关系、人物身份、事件等。
解答此类试题时,一般可根据短文所提供的信息或者借助生活常识进行推理判断。
考生只要正确把握文章的内在关系,理解文章的真正含义,就可作出准确的推断。
对于细节推断题来说,根据文章中的关键信息点进行推断是解答此类试题的关键。
考生不但要理解文章的字面含义,还要运用逻辑判断能力,推断出文章更深层的含义。
同时还要根据文章内容进行推断,不能凭空猜测。
考生要注意站在文章作者或文中人物的立场上,设身处地地考虑实际情景,并据此展开合理的想象和推理。
主观臆断是许多考生做这类题时普遍存在的一个问题。
二、作者态度或观点的推断类型题目考查考生是否了解文中作者或文中人物对某事物所持的观点或态度。
要求考生具有在正确理解文意的基础上,对观点或态度倾向进行分析、识别的能力。
该类型题目的选项一般含有以下三类词:①中性词:uninterested(不感兴趣的),neutral(中立的),indifferent(漠不关心的)等;②褒义词:positive(积极的),supportive(支持的),humorous(滑稽有趣的),enthusiastic(热情的),admiring(赞赏的)等;③贬义词:disgusted(厌恶的),critical(批评的),negative(否定的,消极的),disappointed(失望的)等。
三、写作意图推断题要求考生根据文章的论述,揣测作者的写作意图。
作者一般不直接陈述自己的意图,而是通过文章所提供的事实,客观地使读者信服某种想法或观点。
英语阅读理解细节题,和主旨题,推理题区别
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英语阅读理解细节题,和主旨题,推理题区别
英语阅读理解中的细节题、主旨题和推理题在考察能力和答题方式上有所区别。
1. 细节题:这类题目主要考察考生对文章中特定细节的理解。
题目通常会直接询问关于文章中的事实、数据或信息,并要求考生从文中找出答案。
细节题要求考生仔细阅读文章,并能够快速地定位到相关的信息。
2. 主旨题:这类题目要求考生理解文章的整体意义和主题。
题目可能会询问文章的主要观点、作者的观点或文章的中心思想。
主旨题需要考生在理解文章的基础上,对文章的主题和意义进行概括和总结。
3. 推理题:这类题目要求考生根据文章中的信息进行推理和判断。
题目可能会提供一些文章中没有直接提到的信息,并要求考生根据文中的线索和逻辑关系进行推断。
推理题需要考生在理解文章的基础上,运用逻辑推理和判断能力来得出答案。
以上是对细节题、主旨题和推理题的简要介绍,它们都需要考生具备阅读理解能力和一定的思维能力,但是侧重点不同,答题时需要对题干和选项仔细分析。
高中英语阅读理解之细节理解题、推理判断题学案 含答案
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阅读全面突破之细节理解题、推理判断题阅读全面突破之细节理解题细节理解题考查学生快速捕捉信息,并对信息进行综合分析和归纳的能力。
考纲要求考生既能理解具体的事实,又能理解抽象的概念,且能理解某句、某段的含义。
此类型的题目,有时比较直接,只要理解字面意思即可作答;有时则比较间接,需要概括、比较、计算后才能作答。
考法透析高考对英语篇章事实细节的考查主要分为两种情况:一是词语细节类,其答案几乎可以直接从原文中找出来,考生只要根据题干中的关键词与原文进行对照,就能找到答案;二是隐含细节类,这类题虽然不能直接从原文中找到对应的词或短语,但考生可以根据文章的隐含意义,如原因、前提或结果等仔细推敲出答案来。
细节理解题的常见提问方式有:What does the writer pay the least attention to?Choose the right order of the events given in the passage.Which of the following is TRUE/FALSE/NOT true/NOT mentioned?All of the following statements may be true/false EXCEPT ________.Which of the following is NOT the result of…?Which of the following best characterizes the main feature of…?Which of the following maps/diagrams gives the right position of…/relationship of…?Which of the following maps shows the right way to…?Which of the drawings below gives an idea of what…is like?According to the passage, who/what/which/when/where/why/how/how many/how much/how long/how soon/how often…?解题步骤1. 细心审题,带着问题找答案解答此类题目时,不必通篇细读原文,要采取代入法,即带着问题在原文中寻找答案,先从问题中找出关键词。
高考英语阅读理解中细节题细节题
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读懂问题则避免犯答非所问的愚蠢而不可救药的做题错误。 正确的解பைடு நூலகம்思路可以省去大量不必要的阅读,巧用关键词是省去 大量不必要的阅读的另一高招。关键词是作者表述该问题的相关 信息一定或者极可能使用的措辞。关键词在原文中可能就是原词, 也可能是同族词,同义词,近义词,否定词+反义词或者同意表 达结构。关键词所在的句子一般就是解题信息句。解题信息句也 可能是关键词所在的句子前面或后面的句子。即使离得远一些, 也可依托关键词为向导并借助某种逻辑关系快速而准确地捕捉到。 读取信息依靠词汇量、构词法知识和正确解读句子的能力。寻求 对应要特别注意解题信息句和选项之间的细微表达差异。
新高考英语专题1讲义阅读理解第1讲细节理解含答案解析
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英语24字整体教学法第二部分题型应对策略I精通四种题型解题技巧,有的放矢多拿分第一讲理解文中具体信息一一细节理解题细节理解题是高考英语阅读理解中非常重要的一种题型。
细节理解题题干针对原文的具体叙述进行提问,主要考查考生对阅读材料中的某一特定细节、文章的主要事实或文中个别词句的理解能力,一般包括查找信息题、数字计算题等。
高考全国卷细节理解题题量统计考纲解读年份卷别\2019 2018 2017(1)文章细节对于理解全文内容来说至关重要,冋时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。
(2)命题人员会要求考生根据不冋的要求阅读文章,以获得某些特定的信息或准确地寻求所需的细节。
(3)这类试题有时比较直接,理解字面意思即可答题;有时则较为间接,需要归纳、概括和推理才能答全国卷I 6 7 7全国卷∏10 9 5全国卷川10 9 6【考查特点】I .把握细节理解题常见的命题方式:(1)特殊疑问句形式:以When, where, What, WhiCh , Who, how much/many 等疑问词开头引出的问题。
(2)填空题形式:通常涉及与主题有关的事实和细节。
(3)就文中数字、排序等提问。
∏ .掌握细节细解题的考查角度:(1)高频考点:直接信息题;综合细节题。
(2)低频考点:数字计算题;正误判断题;细节排序题。
[考向1]直接细节题 --- 精准定位判细节直接细节题即事实认定类细节题,该题型在原文中可直接找到答案,不要求考生对事实做出解释或者判断,只需要从阅读材料中直接获取信息(有时需要跨段落查找细节信息)。
正确选项和原文在表述上没有太大的变化。
常见的设问方式:WhiCh activity will you choose if...?.What will you/the StUde nts do On TUeSday/o n the CaPitaI City Bike Tour?.When Can you See a play in Hebrew?定位对比♦Where Can you buy a souve nir at PaCifiC SCienCeCen ter?6 "Sθqμ□Sθp ]Sθq 6uiM0||0j θi∏ joι∣□!IIM⅜o≡≡皐俸阴Y齬用瞬曲'爭俸号茅韦俸壷墨奧ζl≡≡MX^≡MX^ '回X回宙剥皿呦ζ≡⅜^∣τx⅛⅛≡i⅜X^⅛WM}W≡W≡∙^≡≡ ζWM}⅜W≡≡ΦXm^W^W⅛≡^ W≡i^W≡B≡——齬丄腸号茅[乙回俸] o≡^≡≡≡ t⅛≡ΦXd^WWqqW⅛ζ≡W乎二蚩o WM≡^>^Φ⅛WW '目WB 乎一蚩□:昜搦王目^»¥SW®BW¥B:±W^Γ∣≡M Xuedωoo Jθωω∩s≡^≡W≡ACT 乎三蚩sθssθuιsnq JΘIUIU∩S UMO j∣θμ; UnJ PUe μe⅜s o; 000 ; G$ o; dn 40 SPJeMe PUe 6UIUIBJ; ssθuιsnq UO -spueμ m∣∕v∖ s⅜uθpn⅜s SΘP∣ΛOJC I XUedIUOg JΘIUIU∩S≡≡> 乎二蚩AUedIUOg JΘIUIU∩SM≡^^IΦ⅛WW 乎一蚩 [划苗齬搦]sθ∏ιUnIJOddO qof Jθiuιuns ΘJOIU SJΘ⅛O ↑∖, Q 1UΘIUUOJIΛUΘ ∣EJ∏1EU θl∏ Ul ψOΛΛ 0] ΘU0 SMOlIe ]∣, QSΘSSΘUIS nq MΘU biquuru」Oj SPJeMesθp∣∆θjd ↑∖,g luθiuΛo∣dιuθθj04θq 6uiuiej)OU sθJ!∏bθJ ↑∖,∀乙人UEdlUoO Jθtuιu∏s InOqE ∣eι□θds siIEilAA J乙IIej θ屮ui ∣ooμ□s o; buMn® '6乙一GL pθ6eS]Uθp∏ιs :θ∣qQ!∣θ si OlIM SΘSSΘUIS nq JΘIUIU ns UMO」©屮UrLl PUe PEIS o; OOO '£$ 0] dn jo SPJeMe PUe 6uiuiej)SSΘUIS nq Uo - SPUEll 屮g s]Uθprηs sθp∣∆θjdAuediuog Jθiuιu∏s Auediuog J θiuιu ∏s ∙(列萇)sθ!i!UnIUIUOo QΘ∣ΘS UI PIO SJBΘΛg∣, —g∣, Inno人:θ∣qι6ι∣θ si OlIMB UIUIBJ;屮g 6uo∣e ⅜uθiuΛo∣dιuθ pied 40 S>∣ΘΘM IiIb Q SΘP∣ΛOJC I IP!i∣∕v∖I IUeJ60JCl sιμ⅞ Joj ( 劫卷呂魅)θ∣qι6ι∣θ θq Pln(X) noA 1Θ□UIAOJC IΘ屮joSlJeCl uιeμθ□ uι 6UIAI| JΘ6BUΘΘ; B ΘJB noA j∣ 屮no人JOj SqOr(W ∀ I a≡Ψ 6103)[呦谛] 乙SθlUEl∣丄θ屮Ul SPUeISI θ屮UO MlEl θ屮ΘΔ∣6 IIIM Ol∣∕∖Λ∙乙IIbΠE∣poo6 B Λofuθ SΘ6B ⅜UΘJΘ⅛∣P40 θ∣dθθd Ueo θ□e∣d IP MMμ/.♦Why was...a success?♦HoW does the Writer recomme nd...to readers?[典例](2019 全国卷∏ C 片段)"I Prefer to go out and be out. Alone, but together, you know ?” BeChteI said, looking UP from her book. Bechtel, who works in downtown WeSt Palm Beach, has IUnCh With coworkers sometimes, but like many Of us, too often works through IUnCh at her desk. A Iun Chtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapp ing her On the shoulder. She retur ns to work feeling energized.“ Today, I just Wanted some time to myself , ” She said.29.Why does BeChteI Prefer to go out for IUnch?A . To meet With her coworkers.B.To CatCh UP With her work.C.To have some time On her own.D.To collect data for her report.[解题思路]第一步确定题干中的关键词Prefer to go OUt , IUnCh第二步根据关键词定位信息句用Prefer to go OUt 禾口IUnCh 寻读,可以定位在第三段,在第三段找至U IjUSt Wanted Sometime to myself .第三步比对选项确定答案根据信息句可知,BeChtel更喜欢出去吃午饭的原因是想拥有自己的时间。
新课标高考英语阅读理解细节理解主旨大意归纳法解题附带答案
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高三英语阅读理解--- 要旨粗心(查找、归纳法)解题导入:高考英语阅读理解考纲对于阅读理解部分考大纲求:阅读部分要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中对于一般性话题的简洁文段以及通告、说明、广告等,并能从中获得有关信息。
考生应能:( 1)理解要旨要义;( 2)理解文中具体信息;( 3)依据上下文推测单词和短语的含义;(4)做出判断和推理;(5)理解文章的基本构造;(6)理解作者的企图、看法和态度。
高考英语阅读理解常有的设题形式有:细节理解题、推理判断题、词意猜想题、主旨粗心题。
阅读理解的考题分为客观理解题Facts (文章中客观存在的事实,客观题的答案一般都能够在原文中找到,即文中的详细事实或许抽象看法。
)和主观理解题(Opinions )(这种问题不行能直接从原文中找到答案,需要经过阅读文章对文章要旨和深层含义有更深的理解,并据此进行判断和推理。
)今日主要办理的是要旨粗心(归纳法)解题。
阅读策略:要旨粗心(查找、归纳法)解题一篇文章一般表达一其中心或主题。
这其中心或主题往常用一个句子来归纳,此句叫主题句,这种题主要观察读者掌握全文内容或理解中心思想的能力,也包含剖析归纳文章段落粗心、重要情节、人物特色、写作特色的能力。
一般说来说明文和谈论文都有主题句,并且多位于文章的开头,有时也位于文章的中间或末端。
但有时不可以直接在文章中直接找到主题句,在弄清段与段之间逻辑关系的基础上自己归纳总结。
主题句一定能简洁了然地归纳全文的主要内容,拥有高度的综合性和归纳性,文章或段落的其余句子都是对主题句的进一步的解说、说明、论证或拓展。
常有的要旨粗心题的观察形式:The text is mainly about ____.The main idea/The general idea/The main purpose is ______.What would be the best title /headline for the text?This article mainly tells about the story of ____.What is the topic of the text?The subject discussed in this text is ____.What does the second paragraph discuss?The paragraph (passage) deals with _____.What is mainly discussed in the text?要旨粗心典范the problem of environment has become more and more serious.The world population is rising, so quickly that the world has become too crowded. We are using up our natural resources too quickly and at the same time we are polluting our environment with dangerous chemicals.The main idea of the paragraph is ________.2. When you are poor, you can also say you are very happy, because you havesomething else that can' t be bought with money. When you meet with difficulties,you can say loudly you are very happy, because you have more chances to challenge yourself. So you should always say you are happy.The topic sentence of the paragraph is________________3. Some people like reading, and some people like swimming. I have many hobbies, such as reading, skating, and traveling. In fact, different people have different hobbies. My friend Ann studies very hard. So her hobby is reading all kinds ofbooks. Tony loves workingwith her hands, and his hobby is gardening.The main idea of the paragraph is ________.4. Going green seems to be fad( 时髦 )for a lot of people these days. Whetherthat is good or bad, we can ’ t really say, but for the tow of us, going greenis not a fad but a lifestyle.On April22, 2011, we decided to go green every single day for an entire year. This meant doing 365 different green things, and it also meant challenging ourselves to go green beyond easy things. Rather than recycle and reduce our energy, we had to think of 365 different green things to do and this was no easy task.What might be the best title for the passage?A.Going Green. B . Protecting the Planet.C.Keeping Open-Minded D.Celebrating Our Green Year.5.自己需要归纳总结类的要旨类阅读理解Everyone ’ s at it, even my neighbors. I thought I might be the only personleft in the world who hadn’t done an eBay deal. So, I decided to try my handat online auction(网上拍卖).Buying for beginners: Sign up on ehay. co. uk. Most items (e. g. tables,computers, and books) ready for auction will come with a picture and a shortdescription; others may be marked with“Buy It Now” and have a fixed price.You can buy these right away.If the item is being auctioned, you offer the highest price you are prepared to pay and eBay bids (出价) for you. The bid will be increased little by littleuntil it goes beyond your highest bid, then you are emailed and asked if you would like to bid again. Auctions last up to 10days and when they finish you get anemail telling you whether you have won the item.How to pay: Sellers decide how they would like to be paid and you need tocheck this before placing a bid as you might not want to post a cheque or postalorders. The easiest way is through PayPal, an online payment system that takesthe money away from your credit card (信誉).of the item. I followed my friends' advice and put up the items I wanted to sell for a 10-day auction, starring on a Thursday. This way buyers had two weekends to bid.The big things in life: It' s easy to post a small item, but furniture isa big part of eBay and this has to be collected or sent by deliverymen. Cheek the ways of delivery before you bid.What is the passage mainly about?A. How to make payment online.C. Advantages of an online-auction system.B. Ways of making delivery online system. D. Howto use an online-auction第三部分要旨类解题归纳总结( 一 ) 经验总结 : 1. 掌握逻辑构造,提升这方面的能力对于阅读谈论文或说明文尤其重要,在此类文章中常用某个细节来引出题目进而进行谈论,在谈论的过程中可能会出现一些论据或细节描绘,这部分常被设置为此类试题的扰乱项。
2023届高考英语细节题分析及解题技巧课件
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24. Why did Dorothy and Rosamond go to the Rocky Mountains?
A. To teach in a school.
B. To study American history.
C. To write a book.
D. To do sightseeing.
23. What are children prohibited from doing at the Museum?
A. Using the computer.
B. Talking with each other.
C. Touching the exhibits. D. Exploring the place alone.
【二次精读】
1.生僻词&派生词:
contemporary n 同代人;同辈人;同龄人(a person who lives or lived
at the same time as sb else)
characterisation n (对人物的)刻画;塑造 [character特征,性质+-
is(e)使+ation]
Part 02 直接细节题
【试题1】(2022.全国乙卷)
Lecture Series Scottish National Portrait (肖像画) Gallery presents a series of lectures for the general public.
They are held in the Lecture Room. Admission to lectures is free.
【调研1】
(2022.全国甲卷)After taking a degree at Chichester University in Related Arts,
高考全国二卷英语阅读理解试题解析之细节理解题的解题策略PPT
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2020年全国卷Ⅱ英语高考试题
阅读理解中细节题类解题策略
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
语篇主旨要义 细节理解
2
7
2
5
0
7
3
6
2
8
2
9
根据上下文猜 测词义 1 0
1 1 1 1
推理判断
4 7 6 5 4 3
文章结构和文脉 作者的观点意图
逻辑
和态度
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
细节理解题的特点:
定位关键词:由Abbot Hall art Gallery & Museum定位到第二段;由What定位
到第二句,则可知visitors可以enjoy
Ronney's works..
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湖南省郴州市第二中学杨兵林(英语QQ415648152群管理员)高考英语全国卷中,除在专门考查考生寻读(scanning)能力的信息类文本中考查直接信息题外,其他细节题一般要求考生进行同义转换,即选出与文中信息点的意思相同但表达方式不同的选项。
但是,有的细节题并不只是要求考生进行简单的转换,而是要求考生对两个或多个信息点进行概括或进行推断,才可选出正确选项。
一、细节概括题有时仅将同一句话中的两个具体信息点概括起来,用一个抽象的词来代替。
例1(2016年全国Ⅲ卷) Bad news sells. If it bleeds, it leads. No news is good news, and good news is no news. Those are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers. But now that information is being spread and monitored (监控) in different ways, researchers are discovering new rules. By tracking people' s e-mails and online posts, scientists have found that good news can spread faster and farther than disasters and sob stories.32. What do the classic rules mentioned in the text apply to?A. News reports.B. Research papers.C. Private e-mails.D. Daily conversations.解析:由第一段第二句Those are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers可知,“那些经典规则适用于晚上的广播和早报。
”其中,“晚上的广播和早报(the evening broadcasts and the morning papers)”概括地说,就是“新闻媒体”,其内容都是“新闻报道(News reports)”,故选A项。
选项B“研究论文”,选项C“私人邮件”,选项D“日常交谈”均与此段内容无关,属无中生有。
只是命题人利用了该段出现的researchers让选项B有一定迷感性,利用文中的people’s e-mails 让选项C具有迷感性。
也可以说是断章取义,仅借用原文中的一两个单词来表达与原文不同的意思。
有时会要求考生将几句话或一个段话中的多个信息点进行概括。
有时会要求考生将几句话或一个段话中的多个信息点进行概括。
例2(2017年全国Ⅲ卷)The disappearance of the wolves had many unexpected results. Deer and elk populations—major food sources (来源) for the wolf—grew rapidly. These animals consumed large amounts of vegetation (植被), which reduced plant diversity in the park. Inthe absence of wolves, coyote populations also grew quickly. The coyotes killed a large percentage of the park' s red foxes, and completely drove away the park' s beavers.30. What did the disappearance of gray wolves bring about?A. Damage to local ecology.B. A decline in the park' s income.C. Preservation of vegetation.D. An increase in the variety of animals.解析:第一句告诉我们本段的主旨是谈灰狼消失所带来的意想不到的后果。
什么后果?“鹿和麋鹿的数量——灰狼的主要食物——迅速增加。
这些动物吃掉大量的植被,这就减少了园内植物的多样性。
没有了灰狼,山狗也迅速增加,它们又吃掉大部分的红狐,也把海狸全部赶走了。
”概括起来,就是“破坏了当地的生态”,故选A项。
选项B“公园的收入减少了”,在文中没有相关信息支撑,属无中生有。
选项C“植被保护”,与文中所述事实恰恰相反。
属是非颠倒。
选项D“动物种类的增加”,而文中只是说没有了灰狼后,鹿和山狗的数量增加,而不是动物种类增加,属张冠李戴。
例3(2016年全国Ⅲ卷)“I don' t make them up,” she said of the characters in her fiction these last 50 or so years. “I don' t have to.”Beauticians, bartenders, piano players and people with purple hats, Welty' s people come from afternoons spent visiting with old friends, from walks through the streets of her native Jackson, Miss., from conversations overheard on a bus. It annoys Welty that, at 78, her left ear has now given out. Sometimes, sitting on a bus or a train, she hears only a fragment (片断) of a particularly interesting story.27. What can we learn about the characters in Welty' s fiction?A. They live in big cities.B. They are mostly women.C. They come from real life.D. They are pleasure seekers.解析:由该篇倒数第二段(上面的第一段)所述,就她在大约50年来的小说里的人物,她说“我没有虚构他们(I don' t make them up)”“我也不必虚构(I don' t have to)。
”那么,这些人物来自哪里呢?最后一段中Welty' s people come from…from…from…具体讲述了她故事中人物的来历。
她的人物来自于跟老朋友闲聊,来自于走街串巷,来自于在公交车上无意中所听到。
因此,可概括为“现实生活”,故选C项。
选项A“他们生活在大城市”,选项B“他们大多是妇女”,选项D“他们是快乐的追寻者”在文中都找不到信息支撑,均属无中生有。
二、细节判断题例4(2015年全国Ⅰ卷)A cafe society where no intellectualizing(高谈阔论) is allowed? It couldn' t seem moreun-French. But Lehanne' s psychology cafe is about more than knowing oneself:It' s trying to help the city' s troubled neighborhood cafes. Over the years, Parisian cafes hav e fallen victim to changes in the French lifestyle—longer working hours, a fast-food boom and a younger generation' s desire to spend more time at home. Dozens of new theme cafes appear to change the situation. Cafes focused around psychology, history, and engineering are catching on, filling tables well into the evening.33. How are cafes affected by French lifestyle changes?A. They are less frequently visited.B. They stay open for longer hours.C. They have bigger night crowds.D. They start to serve fast food.解析:本题问“法国生活方式的变化如何影响咖啡馆?”由题干中的French lifestyle 可将答题信息定位到:Over the years, Parisian cafes have fallen victim to changes in the French lifestyle—longer working hours, a fast-food boom and a younger generation' s desire to spend more time at home,即“这些年来, 巴黎的咖啡馆已经沦为法国生活方式变化的受害者——工作时间更长、快餐迅速发展,以及年轻人渴望在家里度过更多时间。
”由此可以推断出:人们来咖啡馆的次数减少了。
故选A项。
选项B“他们营业的时间更长”在文中没有信息点支撑,属无中生有。
选项C“夜间来的人更多”与“工作时间更长”“年轻人更希望在家里呆更多时间”的事实恰恰相反。
属是非颠倒。
选项D“他们供应快餐”,是对a fast-food boom的曲解,是命题人利用文中只言片语来迷感考生的。