巴西对外经济政策英文

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The hegemonic paradigm at a glance
• Main objective of EEP: to preserve space for “autonomous” development policies. The world economic order and international regimes are perceived (i) as expressions of the Northern interests and (ii) as threats to the “autonomous” industrialization project.
A stylized historical background: from IS to globalization
1) Brazil as an unique case of successful industrialization in LA based on IS until the late 70s. 2) The lost decade: macroeconomic deterioration in the 80s.
Small room, if any, for global governance concerns. EEP focuses rather on domestic risks arising from the international sphere.
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Leabharlann Baidu
The domestic drivers of EEP
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Behind optimism: new drivers at work - 1
• Domestic drivers have played a major role in shaping Brazil’s EEP and in explaining its stability over time
Main domestic drivers of the EEP:
• Dominance of import-competing industrial sectors in the political economy of the trade and industrial policies. More broadly, identification of the industrialization process to the “national project”, broadly shared by politicians, academics, business and trade unions.
The emergence of Brazil: a new test for the paradigm
• This paradigm has also been tested in the last decade, under Lula, when Brazil emerged in the international arena as a relevant player. For the first time in decades, the international economy was perceived as a source of opportunity: an optimistic view of Brazil’s international prospects.
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This hegemony explains why Brazil’s adherence to “neoliberalism” has been moderated and negotiated with the importcompeting sectors (in sharp contrast with other LA countries) => “pragmatic liberalization”.
Brazil’s external economic policy: a long lasting paradigm
Pedro da Motta Veiga (CINDES)
13rd General Conference of EADI and DSA University of York, 19-22 September 2011
3) 90s / post-Cold War: economic liberalization
4) 00s: the emergence /globalization as an opportunity 5) 10s: globalization as a threat ?
A long lasting policy paradigm of EEP
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A paradigm resilient to crisis & policy shifts
• The “industrialist” policy paradigm has dominated the political arena in Brazil despite the long lasting economic crisis in the 80s and the economic liberalization in the 90s.
• Against this historical background, which implied deep changes in the economic relationships of Brazil with its international environment... … continuity has prevailed over ruptures (e.g. Chile) or volatility (e.g. Argentina) as far as the paradigm of external economic policy is concerned.